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Potential Automorphy of $\Widehat {G} $-Local Systems
Potential automorphy of G-local systems Jack A. Thorneb September 4, 2019 Abstract Vincent Lafforgue has recently made a spectacular breakthrough in the setting of the global Langlands correspondence for global fields of positive characteristic, by constructing the ‘automorphic–to–Galois’ direction of the correspondence for an arbitrary reductive group G. We discuss a result that starts with Lafforgue’s work and proceeds in the opposite (‘Galois– to–automorphic’) direction. 1 Introduction Let Fq be a finite field, and let G be a split reductive group over Fq. Let X be a smooth projective connected curve over Fq, and let K be its function field. Let AK denote the ring of ad`eles of K. Automorphic forms on G are locally constant functions f : G(AK ) → Q which are invariant under left translation 1 by the discrete group G(K) ⊂ G(AK ). The space of automorphic forms is a representation of G(AK ), and its irreducible constituents are called automorphic representations. Let ℓ ∤ q be a prime. According to the Langlands conjectures, any automor- phic representation π of G(AK ) should give rise to a continuous representation ´et ρ(π): π1 (U) → G(Qℓ) (for some open subscheme U ⊂ X). This should be com- patible with the (known) unramified local Langlands correspondence, which de- arXiv:1909.00655v1 [math.NT] 2 Sep 2019 b ´et scribes the pullback of ρ(π) to π1 (Fqv ) for every closed point v : Spec Fqv ֒→ U ′ in terms of the components πv of a factorization π = ⊗vπv into representations of the local groups G(Kv). -
Arxiv:1108.5351V3 [Math.AG] 26 Oct 2012 ..Rslso D-Mod( on Results Introduction the to 0.2
ON SOME FINITENESS QUESTIONS FOR ALGEBRAIC STACKS VLADIMIR DRINFELD AND DENNIS GAITSGORY Abstract. We prove that under a certain mild hypothesis, the DG category of D-modules on a quasi-compact algebraic stack is compactly generated. We also show that under the same hypothesis, the functor of global sections on the DG category of quasi-coherent sheaves is continuous. Contents Introduction 3 0.1. Introduction to the introduction 3 0.2. Results on D-mod(Y) 4 0.3. Results on QCoh(Y) 4 0.4. Ind-coherent sheaves 5 0.5. Contents of the paper 7 0.6. Conventions, notation and terminology 10 0.7. Acknowledgments 14 1. Results on QCoh(Y) 14 1.1. Assumptions on stacks 14 1.2. Quasi-coherent sheaves 15 1.3. Direct images for quasi-coherent sheaves 18 1.4. Statements of the results on QCoh(Y) 21 2. Proof of Theorems 1.4.2 and 1.4.10 23 2.1. Reducing the statement to a key lemma 23 2.2. Easy reduction steps 24 2.3. Devissage 24 2.4. Quotients of schemes by algebraic groups 26 2.5. Proof of Proposition 2.3.4 26 2.6. Proof of Theorem 1.4.10 29 arXiv:1108.5351v3 [math.AG] 26 Oct 2012 3. Implications for ind-coherent sheaves 30 3.1. The “locally almost of finite type” condition 30 3.2. The category IndCoh 32 3.3. The coherent subcategory 39 3.4. Description of compact objects of IndCoh(Y) 39 3.5. The category Coh(Y) generates IndCoh(Y) 42 3.6. -
FIELDS MEDAL for Mathematical Efforts R
Recognizing the Real and the Potential: FIELDS MEDAL for Mathematical Efforts R Fields Medal recipients since inception Year Winners 1936 Lars Valerian Ahlfors (Harvard University) (April 18, 1907 – October 11, 1996) Jesse Douglas (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (July 3, 1897 – September 7, 1965) 1950 Atle Selberg (Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton) (June 14, 1917 – August 6, 2007) 1954 Kunihiko Kodaira (Princeton University) (March 16, 1915 – July 26, 1997) 1962 John Willard Milnor (Princeton University) (born February 20, 1931) The Fields Medal 1966 Paul Joseph Cohen (Stanford University) (April 2, 1934 – March 23, 2007) Stephen Smale (University of California, Berkeley) (born July 15, 1930) is awarded 1970 Heisuke Hironaka (Harvard University) (born April 9, 1931) every four years 1974 David Bryant Mumford (Harvard University) (born June 11, 1937) 1978 Charles Louis Fefferman (Princeton University) (born April 18, 1949) on the occasion of the Daniel G. Quillen (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (June 22, 1940 – April 30, 2011) International Congress 1982 William P. Thurston (Princeton University) (October 30, 1946 – August 21, 2012) Shing-Tung Yau (Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton) (born April 4, 1949) of Mathematicians 1986 Gerd Faltings (Princeton University) (born July 28, 1954) to recognize Michael Freedman (University of California, San Diego) (born April 21, 1951) 1990 Vaughan Jones (University of California, Berkeley) (born December 31, 1952) outstanding Edward Witten (Institute for Advanced Study, -
Affine Grassmannians in A1-Algebraic Topology
AFFINE GRASSMANNIANS IN A1-ALGEBRAIC TOPOLOGY TOM BACHMANN Abstract. Let k be a field. Denote by Spc(k)∗ the unstable, pointed motivic homotopy category and A1 1 by R ΩGm : Spc(k)∗ →Spc(k)∗ the (A -derived) Gm-loops functor. For a k-group G, denote by GrG the affine Grassmannian of G. If G is isotropic reductive, we provide a canonical motivic equivalence A1 A1 R ΩGm G ≃ GrG. We use this to compute the motive M(R ΩGm G) ∈ DM(k, Z[1/e]). 1. Introduction This note deals with the subject of A1-algebraic topology. In other words it deals with with the ∞- category Spc(k) of motivic spaces over a base field k, together with the canonical functor Smk → Spc(k) and, importantly, convenient models for Spc(k). Since our results depend crucially on the seminal papers [1, 2], we shall use their definition of Spc(k) (which is of course equivalent to the other definitions in the literature): start with the category Smk of smooth (separated, finite type) k-schemes, form the universal homotopy theory on Smk (i.e. pass to the ∞-category P(Smk) of space-valued presheaves on k), and A1 then impose the relations of Nisnevich descent and contractibility of the affine line k (i.e. localise P(Smk) at an appropriate family of maps). The ∞-category Spc(k) is presentable, so in particular has finite products, and the functor Smk → Spc(k) preserves finite products. Let ∗ ∈ Spc(k) denote the final object (corresponding to the final k-scheme k); then we can form the pointed unstable motivic homotopy category Spc(k)∗ := Spc(k)/∗. -
Professor Peter Goldreich Member of the Board of Adjudicators Chairman of the Selection Committee for the Prize in Astronomy
The Shaw Prize The Shaw Prize is an international award to honour individuals who are currently active in their respective fields and who have recently achieved distinguished and significant advances, who have made outstanding contributions in academic and scientific research or applications, or who in other domains have achieved excellence. The award is dedicated to furthering societal progress, enhancing quality of life, and enriching humanity’s spiritual civilization. Preference is to be given to individuals whose significant work was recently achieved and who are currently active in their respective fields. Founder's Biographical Note The Shaw Prize was established under the auspices of Mr Run Run Shaw. Mr Shaw, born in China in 1907, was a native of Ningbo County, Zhejiang Province. He joined his brother’s film company in China in the 1920s. During the 1950s he founded the film company Shaw Brothers (HK) Limited in Hong Kong. He was one of the founding members of Television Broadcasts Limited launched in Hong Kong in 1967. Mr Shaw also founded two charities, The Shaw Foundation Hong Kong and The Sir Run Run Shaw Charitable Trust, both dedicated to the promotion of education, scientific and technological research, medical and welfare services, and culture and the arts. ~ 1 ~ Message from the Chief Executive I warmly congratulate the six Shaw Laureates of 2014. Established in 2002 under the auspices of Mr Run Run Shaw, the Shaw Prize is a highly prestigious recognition of the role that scientists play in shaping the development of a modern world. Since the first award in 2004, 54 leading international scientists have been honoured for their ground-breaking discoveries which have expanded the frontiers of human knowledge and made significant contributions to humankind. -
Shtukas for Reductive Groups and Langlands Correspondence for Functions Fields
SHTUKAS FOR REDUCTIVE GROUPS AND LANGLANDS CORRESPONDENCE FOR FUNCTIONS FIELDS VINCENT LAFFORGUE This text gives an introduction to the Langlands correspondence for function fields and in particular to some recent works in this subject. We begin with a short historical account (all notions used below are recalled in the text). The Langlands correspondence [49] is a conjecture of utmost impor- tance, concerning global fields, i.e. number fields and function fields. Many excellent surveys are available, for example [39, 14, 13, 79, 31, 5]. The Langlands correspondence belongs to a huge system of conjectures (Langlands functoriality, Grothendieck’s vision of motives, special val- ues of L-functions, Ramanujan-Petersson conjecture, generalized Rie- mann hypothesis). This system has a remarkable deepness and logical coherence and many cases of these conjectures have already been es- tablished. Moreover the Langlands correspondence over function fields admits a geometrization, the “geometric Langlands program”, which is related to conformal field theory in Theoretical Physics. Let G be a connected reductive group over a global field F . For the sake of simplicity we assume G is split. The Langlands correspondence relates two fundamental objects, of very different nature, whose definition will be recalled later, • the automorphic forms for G, • the global Langlands parameters , i.e. the conjugacy classes of morphisms from the Galois group Gal(F =F ) to the Langlands b dual group G(Q`). b For G = GL1 we have G = GL1 and this is class field theory, which describes the abelianization of Gal(F =F ) (one particular case of it for Q is the law of quadratic reciprocity, which dates back to Euler, Legendre and Gauss). -
An Intuitive Introduction to Motivic Homotopy Theory Vladimir Voevodsky
What follows is Vladimir Voevodsky's snapshot of his Fields Medal work on motivic homotopy, plus a little philosophy and \from my point of view the main fun of doing mathematics" Voevodsky (2002). Voevodsky uses extremely simple leading ideas to extend topological methods of homotopy into number theory and abstract algebra. The talk takes the simple ideas right up to the edge of some extremely refined applications. The talk is on-line as streaming video at claymath.org/video/. In a nutshell: classical homotopy studies a topological space M by looking at maps to M from the unit interval on the real line: [0; 1] = fx 2 R j 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 g as well as maps to M from the unit square [0; 1]×[0; 1], the unit cube [0; 1]3, and so on. Algebraic geometry cannot copy these naively, even over the real numbers, since of course the interval [0; 1] on the real line is not defined by a polynomial equation. The only polynomial equal to 0 all over [0; 1] is the constant polynomial 0, thus equals 0 over the whole line. The problem is much worse when you look at algebraic geometry over other fields than the real or complex numbers. Voevodsky shows how category theory allows abstract definitions of the basic apparatus of homotopy, where the category of topological spaces is replaced by any category equipped with objects that share certain purely categorical properties with the unit interval, unit square, and so on. For example, the line in algebraic geometry (over any field) does not have \endpoints" in the usual way but it does come with two naturally distinguished points: 0 and 1. -
D-Modules on Infinite Dimensional Varieties
D-MODULES ON INFINITE DIMENSIONAL VARIETIES SAM RASKIN Contents 1. Introduction 1 2. D-modules on prestacks 4 3. D-modules on schemes 7 4. Placidity 19 5. Holonomic D-modules 30 6. D-modules on indschemes 33 References 44 1. Introduction 1.1. The goal of this foundational note is to develop the D-module formalism on indschemes of ind-infinite type. 1.2. The basic feature that we struggle against is that there are two types of infinite dimensionality at play: pro-infinite dimensionality and ind-infinite dimensionality. That is, we could have an infinite dimensional variety S that is the union S “YiSi “ colimiSi of finite dimensional varieties, or T that is the projective limit T “ limj Tj of finite dimensional varieties, e.g., a scheme of infinite type. Any reasonable theory of D-modules will produce produce some kinds of de Rham homology and cohomology groups. We postulate as a basic principle that these groups should take values in discrete vector spaces, that is, we wish to avoid projective limits. Then, in the ind-infinite dimensional case, the natural theory is the homology of S: H˚pSq :“ colim H˚pSiq i while in the pro-infinite dimensional case, the natural theory is the cohomology of T : ˚ ˚ H pT q :“ colim H pTjq: j For indschemes that are infinite dimensional in both the ind and the pro directions, one requires a semi-infinite homology theory that is homology in the ind direction and cohomology in the pro direction. Remark 1.2.1. Of course, such a theory requires some extra choices, as is immediately seen by considering the finite dimensional case. -
Homotopy Theoretic Models of Type Theory
Homotopy Theoretic Models of Type Theory Peter Arndt1 and Krzysztof Kapulkin2 1 University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway [email protected] 2 University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA [email protected] Abstract. We introduce the notion of a logical model category which is a Quillen model category satisfying some additional conditions. Those conditions provide enough expressive power so that we can soundly inter- pret dependent products and sums in it while also have purely intensional iterpretation of the identity types. On the other hand, those conditions are easy to check and provide a wide class of models that are examined in the paper. 1 Introduction Starting with the Hofmann-Streicher groupoid model [HS98] it has become clear that there exist deep connections between Intensional Martin-L¨ofType Theory ([ML72], [NPS90]) and homotopy theory. These connections have recently been studied very intensively. We start by summarizing this work | a more complete survey can be found in [Awo10]. It is well-known that Identity Types (or Equality Types) play an important role in type theory since they provide a relaxed and coarser notion of equality between terms of a given type. For example, assuming standard rules for type Nat one cannot prove that n: Nat ` n + 0 = n: Nat but there is still an inhabitant n: Nat ` p: IdNat(n + 0; n): Identity types can be axiomatized in a usual way (as inductive types) by form, intro, elim, and comp rules (see eg. [NPS90]). A type theory where we do not impose any further rules on the identity types is called intensional. -
Love and Math: the Heart of Hidden Reality
Book Review Love and Math: The Heart of Hidden Reality Reviewed by Anthony W. Knapp My dream is that all of us will be able to Love and Math: The Heart of Hidden Reality see, appreciate, and marvel at the magic Edward Frenkel beauty and exquisite harmony of these Basic Books, 2013 ideas, formulas, and equations, for this will 292 pages, US$27.99 give so much more meaning to our love for ISBN-13: 978-0-465-05074-1 this world and for each other. Edward Frenkel is professor of mathematics at Frenkel’s Personal Story Berkeley, the 2012 AMS Colloquium Lecturer, and Frenkel is a skilled storyteller, and his account a 1989 émigré from the former Soviet Union. of his own experience in the Soviet Union, where He is also the protagonist Edik in the splendid he was labeled as of “Jewish nationality” and November 1999 Notices article by Mark Saul entitled consequently made to suffer, is gripping. It keeps “Kerosinka: An Episode in the History of Soviet one’s attention and it keeps one wanting to read Mathematics.” Frenkel’s book intends to teach more. After his failed experience trying to be appreciation of portions of mathematics to a admitted to Moscow State University, he went to general audience, and the unifying theme of his Kerosinka. There he read extensively, learned from topics is his own mathematical education. first-rate teachers, did mathematics research at a Except for the last of the 18 chapters, a more high level, and managed to get some of his work accurate title for the book would be “Love of Math.” smuggled outside the Soviet Union. -
The Top Mathematics Award
Fields told me and which I later verified in Sweden, namely, that Nobel hated the mathematician Mittag- Leffler and that mathematics would not be one of the do- mains in which the Nobel prizes would The Top Mathematics be available." Award Whatever the reason, Nobel had lit- tle esteem for mathematics. He was Florin Diacuy a practical man who ignored basic re- search. He never understood its impor- tance and long term consequences. But Fields did, and he meant to do his best John Charles Fields to promote it. Fields was born in Hamilton, Ontario in 1863. At the age of 21, he graduated from the University of Toronto Fields Medal with a B.A. in mathematics. Three years later, he fin- ished his Ph.D. at Johns Hopkins University and was then There is no Nobel Prize for mathematics. Its top award, appointed professor at Allegheny College in Pennsylvania, the Fields Medal, bears the name of a Canadian. where he taught from 1889 to 1892. But soon his dream In 1896, the Swedish inventor Al- of pursuing research faded away. North America was not fred Nobel died rich and famous. His ready to fund novel ideas in science. Then, an opportunity will provided for the establishment of to leave for Europe arose. a prize fund. Starting in 1901 the For the next 10 years, Fields studied in Paris and Berlin annual interest was awarded yearly with some of the best mathematicians of his time. Af- for the most important contributions ter feeling accomplished, he returned home|his country to physics, chemistry, physiology or needed him. -
Deligne-Lusztig Duality on the Moduli Stack of Bundles
DELIGNE-LUSZTIG DUALITY ON THE MODULI STACK OF BUNDLES LIN CHEN Abstract. Let BunG(X) be the moduli stack of G-torsors on a smooth projective curve X for a reductive group G. We prove a conjecture made by Drinfeld-Wang and Gaitsgory on the Deligne- Lusztig duality for D-modules on BunG(X). This conjecture relates the pseudo-identity functors in [Gai17], [DG15] to the enhanced Eisenstein series and geometric constant term functors in [Gai15]. We also prove a \second adjointness" result for these enhanced functors. Contents 0. Introduction 2 0.1. Motivation: Deligne-Lusztig duality 2 0.2. Recollections: The parabolic category I(G; P ) 5 0.3. The main theorem 7 0.4. Organization of this paper 9 0.5. Notations and conventions 9 1. Outline of the proof 11 1.1. Step 1: constructing the natural transformation 11 1.2. Step 2: translating by the second adjointness 12 1.3. Step 3: diagram chasing 14 1.4. Step 4: restoring the symmetry 15 1.5. Step 5: calculating via the local models 15 2. Step 1 17 2.1. Proof of Proposition-Construction 1.1.2 18 2.2. Proof of Proposition 1.1.1 19 2.3. Proof of Proposition-Construction 1.1.4 21 3. Step 2 22 3.1. Proof of Lemma 1.2.1 23 3.2. Recollections: Drinfeld's framework 23 3.3. Proof of Theorem 1.2.2 25 4. Step 3 30 4.1. Proof of Proposition-Construction 1.3.1 30 4.2. Proof of Lemma 1.3.2 31 5.