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Abigail Quenga 5th Period The reason i chose this topic is because, its what i was intereseted in and what i wanted to know more about. Also i’ve seen so many missing people signs around the areas on power poles, in stores, and even at stations.

Explanati on Definition take (someone) away illegally by force, typically to obtain a . of kidnapping The of unlawfully seizing and carrying away a person by force or , or seizing and detaining a person against his or her will with an intent to carry that person away at a later time. Main research question (S) How much time must pass by before a case is cold?

How many exist in the United states? It depends entirely on each individual case and its status with the respective investigating agency. As a general rule, a case goes “cold” once all leads hit a dead end or have been “run out.” When no further leads exist to investigate, local or state law enforcement officials will often refer to the case as having “gone cold.” According to the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children (citing U.S. Department of Justice reports), nearly 800,000 children are reported missing each year. That's more than 2,000 a day. The NCMEC says 203,000 children are kidnapped each year by family members. Research  1 percent nonfamily Percentage % abductions. 2 percent critically missing young Infrom 2001, 840,279 2001 people to (adults2016 adults, ages 18 to 20. Of and children) were reported the more than 18,500 missing to the FBI's National endangered runaways Crime Information Center (NCIC). reported to NCMEC in The FBI estimates that 85 to 90 2016, one in six were percent of those (roughly 750,000 likely victims of child sex people or 2,000 per day) reported trafficking. Of those, 86 missing were children. The vast percent were in the care majority of these cases are of social services when resolved within hours. they went missing. They open cases and close them because of mis-communication they had between the FBI. They only seek clues and leads to finding missing people. Conspiracy and cover-up are crucial elements of the crime. All women were in common to all the kidnappings. They also believe in HOPE. •Vivid flashbacks of events •Nightmares •Feelings of depression •Post Traumatic Stress •Hypervigilance

Symptoms after being kiddinapped 1. Basic Kidnapping

2. High Net Worth Kidnapping

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5. Vital Kidnapping

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7. How they look Ratin According to the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children g (NCMEC), every year, more than 200,000 children are abducted by family members. An additional 58,000 are taken by nonrelatives with primarily sexual motives. However, only 115 reported abductions represent cases in which strangers abduct and kill children, hold them for ransom, or take them with the intention to keep. Reasons why it's a

1. Inexperienced investigators 2. Lack of personnel 3. Relying too much on forensics 4. Retirements / Promotions / Transfers 5. Lack of public cooperation Cases Jaycee Lee Dugard

Jenifer Wilbanks

Steven Stayner Penalties for

● Parolekidnapping Laws ● Vary greatly by state and include as a couple of years. ● Begins with 15 years and go up to life in prison. ● Whereas a standard kidnapping can range from 1-20 years. Key Terms #1 Hypervigilance : where individuals anticipated danger and frequently felt guaarded, leading to trouble sleeping, eating, and social withdrawal due to difficulty trusting others. Ransom - a sum of money or other payment demanded or paid for the release of a prisoner.

#2 #3 the enslavement of their victims, marriage to their victims, and of ransom money. Despite strict laws, serious efforts by law enforcement, and vigorous prosecution, kidnapping continues to be a problem in the world today, particularly in connection with human trafficking in which the victims are often forced into prostitution and other forms sexual abuse. 2 test questions Questions ?????¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿

What mistakes did the police offers and FBI make when doing an investigation?

What are some symptoms the vitims have after they were kidnapped? Bibliography

1. http://coldcasesquad.blogspot.com/2012/11/5-reasons-why-cases-go- cold.html?m=1 2. http://www.parents.com/kids/safe/stranger/child-abduction-facts/ 3. http://www.forensiccolleges.com/blog/resources/cold-cases 4. http://www.guora.com 5. http://www.therichest.com/rich-list/most-shocking/10-of-the-most-high- profile-cases-of-kidnapping/ Primary Source https://blogs.loc.gov/teachers/2013/11/12-years-a-slave-primary-sources-on- the-kidnapping-of-free-african-americans/