Fintech Open Source Foundation (FINOS) Trademark Guidelines 1
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Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights
Patents, Trademarks, And Copyrights: A PRIMER PREPARED BY TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION . 5 B. DESIGN PATENTS . 14 WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF INTELLECTUAL WHAT IS THE PROCESS FOR OBTAINING A PROPERTY PROTECTION AVAILABLE? . 5 DESIGN PATENT? . 15 2. PATENTS . 6 ARE DESIGN PATENTS OF ANY REAL VALUE? . 16 WHAT RIGHTS DO I OBTAIN WITH A PATENT? . 6 HOW LONG DO MY RIGHTS LAST WITH WHEN SHOULD A PATENT APPLICATION BE FILED? . 6 A DESIGN PATENT? . 16 ARE THERE DIFFERENT TYPES OF PATENTS? . 7 B. DESIGN PATENTS. 16 WHAT IS PATENT MARKING? . 7 HOW DO I TELL IF SOMEONE IS INFRINGING A. UTILITY PATENTS . 8 MY DESIGN PATENT? . 16 WHAT CAN THE SUBJECT OF A UTILITY CAN I PROTECT MY DESIGN OUTSIDE THE U.S.? . 17 PATENT APPLICATION BE? . .. 8 3. TRADEMARKS . 17 ARE COMPUTER PROGRAMS AND METHODS OF WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A TRADEMARK DOING BUSINESS PATENTABLE? . 8 AND A SERVICE MARK? . 18 WHAT IS THE TERM OF A PATENT? . 9 SHOULD I UNDERTAKE A TRADEMARK SEARCH? . .18 WHAT IS THE PROCESS FOR OBTAINING A HOW DO I REGISTER MY TRADEMARK? . .18 UTILITY PATENT? . .9 WHY BOTHER REGISTERING MY TRADEMARK? . 19 I PLAN TO OFFER MY PRODUCT FOR SALE SOON. WHAT IS THE TERM OF A TRADEMARK? . 20 CAN I FILE SOMETHING “QUICKLY” TO HOW DO I GIVE NOTICE OF TRADEMARK RIGHTS? . 21 PRESERVE MY RIGHTS? . 10 WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I THINK MY TRADEMARK HOW DO I TAKE ACTION IF I THINK MY PATENT IS OR TRADE DRESS IS BEING INFRINGED? . .21 BEING INFRINGED? . 11 CAN I OBTAIN INTERNATIONAL ARE PATENT SEARCHES AND CLEARANCE TRADEMARK PROTECTION? . -
Trademarks, Metatags, and Initial Interest Confusion: a Look to the Past to Re- Conceptualize the Future
173 TRADEMARKS, METATAGS, AND INITIAL INTEREST CONFUSION: A LOOK TO THE PAST TO RE- CONCEPTUALIZE THE FUTURE CHAD J. DOELLINGER* INTRODUCTION Web sites, through domain names and metatags, have created a new set of problems for trademark owners. A prominent problem is the use of one’s trademarks in the metatags of a competitor’s web site. The initial interest confusion doctrine has been used to combat this problem.1 Initial interest confusion involves infringement based on confusion that creates initial customer interest, even though no transaction takes place.2 Several important questions have currently received little atten- tion: How should initial interest confusion be defined? How should initial interest confusion be conceptualized? How much confusion is enough to justify a remedy? Who needs to be confused, when, and for how long? How should courts determine when initial interest confusion is sufficient to support a finding of trademark infringement? These issues have been glossed over in the current debate by both courts and scholars alike. While the two seminal opinions involving the initial interest confusion doctrine, Brookfield Commun., Inc. v. West Coast Ent. Corp.3 and * B.A., B.S., University of Iowa (1998); J.D., Yale Law School (2001). Mr. Doellinger is an associate with Pattishall, McAuliffe, Newbury, Hilliard & Geraldson, 311 S. Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606. The author would like to thank Uli Widmaier for his assistance and insights. The views and opinions in this article are solely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Pattishall, McAuliffe, Newbury, Hilliard & Geraldson. 1 See J. Thomas McCarthy, McCarthy on Trademarks and Unfair Competition, vol. -
Defenses to Trademark Infringement: Fair & Nominative
CHAPTER EIGHT Defenses to Trademark Infringement: Fair & Nominative Use We have already seen many of the internal limitations of trademark law. Its rights are constrained from their creation—ownership not of the word, or the image, but rather the word or image used in relationship to a particular good or service. They are constrained by the requirements of use in commerce, not only before the rights are obtained, but as a con- tinuing requirement for the right to exist. They are constrained by the requirement of use as a mark—both that the signals must be deliberately sent by the producer as trademarks— not mottos or mission statements—and in the distinctiveness, acquired or inherent, perceived by the consumer. They are constrained by the limitations that trademarks can never be over functional features of the product; TrafFix provides one obvious example, but so does the discussion in Qualitex of all the occasions on which color cannot be owned, such as green for farm equipment, given that fashion-conscious farmers may want their tractors to match. They are constrained by the limitation of genericide, or “genericity.” Even if the producer created an entirely new name—fanciful and arbitrary—that mark will be lost if it becomes the generic term for the goods or services involved. Finally, they are constrained by the reach—however indeterminate—of the requirements of the First Amendment, to allow speech and commentary about the mark, and of the requirements of efficient competitive consumer communication in the marketplace. In this chapter, we focus on two particular defenses, fair use and nominative use, which reflect these limitations but also illustrate their operation in action, particularly in the context of new business models and new technologies such as the internet. -
Sorting out "Fair Use" and "Likelihood of Confusion" in Trademark Law
Sorting out "fair use" and "likelihood of confusion" in trademark law Author: Stephanie M. Greene Persistent link: http://hdl.handle.net/2345/1471 This work is posted on eScholarship@BC, Boston College University Libraries. Published in American Business Law Journal, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 43-77, Spring 2006 Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons "Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States" (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/) American Business Law Journal Volume 43, Issue 1, 43-77, Spring 2006 Sorting Out "Fair Use" and "Likelihood of Confusion" in Trademark Law Stephanie M. Greene* I. INTRODUCTION A seller may unwittingly provoke a trademark infringement suit merely by using language in advertising or on a label that describes his product.1 Although descriptive terms, in general, are not protected by trademark law, such terms may receive protection if they have acquired secondary meaning.2 If the mark has been registered and has been in commercial use *Assistant Professor, Wallace E. Carroll School of Management, Boston College. 1The Trademark Act of July 5, 1946, commonly known as the Lanham Act, defines a trademark as "any word, name, symbol, or device" used by a person "to distinguish his or her goods ... from those manufactured or sold by others to indicate the source of the goods... ." 15 U.S.C. § 1127 (2000). 2SEE Graeme B. Dinwoodie, The Seventh Annual Honorable Helen Wilson Nies Memorial Lecture in Intellectual Property Law: The 'Trademark Jurisprudence of the Rehnquist Court, 8 MARQ. INTELL. -
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT EASTERN DISTRICT of WASHINGTON OTR WHEEL ENGINEERING, INC., ) BLACKSTONE/OTR, LLC, and F.B.T. )
Case 2:14-cv-00085-LRS ECF No. 597 filed 10/05/16 PageID.<pageID> Page 1 of 31 1 2 3 4 5 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 6 EASTERN DISTRICT OF WASHINGTON 7 8 OTR WHEEL ENGINEERING, INC., ) BLACKSTONE/OTR, LLC, and F.B.T. ) 9 ENTERPRISES, INC., ) ) 10 Plaintiffs, ) No. CV-14-085-LRS ) 11 v. ) ORDER RE ) POST-TRIAL MOTIONS 12 ) ) 13 WEST WORLDWIDE SERVICES, INC., ) and SAMUEL J. WEST, individually and ) 14 his marital community, SSL Holdings, Inc., ) SSL Global, Inc., SSL China LLC, and ) 15 Qingdao STW Tire Co., Ltd., ) ) 16 Defendants. ) ___________________________________ ) 17 BEFORE THE COURT are Plaintiffs’ Renewed Motion For Judgment As 18 A Matter Of Law On Fraud Counterclaim And Motion For New Trial On 19 Registered And Unregistered Trademark (ECF No. 547), Defendants’ Renewed 20 Motion For Judgment As A Matter Of Law Pursuant To Federal Rule Of Civil 21 Procedure 50 (ECF No. 550), Defendants’ Motion To Suspend Or Lift The 22 Preliminary Injunction And For Recovery Of Cash Bond (ECF No. 499), and 23 Plaintiffs’ Motion For Permanent Injunction (ECF No. 521). 24 These motions were heard with telephonic oral argument on September 19, 25 2016. Geana M. Van Dessel, Esq., and Robert J. Carlson, Esq., argued for 26 Plaintiffs (collectively referred to herein as “OTR”). Christine LeBron-Dykeman, 27 Esq., argued for Defendants (collectively referred to herein as “West”). 28 ORDER RE POST-TRIAL MOTIONS- 1 Case 2:14-cv-00085-LRS ECF No. 597 filed 10/05/16 PageID.<pageID> Page 2 of 31 1 I. BACKGROUND 2 Jury trial in this matter commenced on June 20, 2016. -
Trademark Public Search in India Faqs – Part 2
Trademark public search in India FAQs – Part 2 Continuing with our article on FAQs on trademark public search in India, we present you second part on FAQs related to trademark search in India. Q – Why trademark public search is important? A – Trademark search is one of the most important steps in trademark registration. A through trademark search can prevent your brand name being infringed and reduces risk of loosing a brand name due to a inadequate trademark search. Q – Can you do trademark search on your own? A – Yes, you can perform trademark public search on your own. You can check our guide on step by stepIPIndia trademark search. Though, it is always advised to take help of external professional service providers for trademark public search as it tend to be more professional and less time consuming. Q – When should you do a TM Search? A – Ideally, trademark public search should be done before filing a application for a trademark registration. You don’t want your application to be rejected by examiner due to lack of or incomplete trademark search. Moreover, search should also be conducted post registration of trademark also. As this step would make sure that your registered trademark is not being used by someone else. Q – How to do trademark search? A – Trademark search can be performed with help of different databases such as IPIndia trademark portal, Ministry of corporate affairs, common law database and Madrid system. You should collect information related to each keyword and formulate a decision matrix to outline chances of your selected trademark getting through examination. -
Trademark Fair Use: Braun® Versus the Bunny Vanessa P
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Marquette University Law School Marquette Intellectual Property Law Review Volume 13 | Issue 2 Article 3 Trademark Fair Use: Braun® Versus the Bunny Vanessa P. Rollins Wayne State University Law School, Detroit, Michigan Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/iplr Part of the Intellectual Property Commons Repository Citation Vanessa P. Rollins, Trademark Fair Use: Braun® Versus the Bunny, 13 Intellectual Property L. Rev. 285 (2009). Available at: http://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/iplr/vol13/iss2/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at Marquette Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Marquette Intellectual Property Law Review by an authorized administrator of Marquette Law Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ROLLINS FINAL FORMATTED 5-28-09 REVISED 6-18-09 6/19/2009 2:54 PM TRADEMARK FAIR USE: BRAUN® VERSUS THE BUNNY VANESSA P. ROLLINS* INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 285 I. TRADEMARKS—LOGOS AND PRODUCT DESIGN ........................ 289 A. Descriptive Fair Use .................................................................. 291 II. NOMINATIVE FAIR USE ................................................................... 295 III. APPLICATION OF NOMINATIVE FAIR USE BEYOND PLAIN- TEXT WORD MARKS ........................................................................ 302 CONCLUSION ................................................................................................ 305 INTRODUCTION The Author was rather tickled (no pun intended), by a story out of the United Kingdom concerning the confluence of two seemingly unrelated products—a vibrating toothbrush and plastic sex-toy shaped like a bunny.1 The plastic bunny was designed specifically to work with a vibrating toothbrush, turning it into a vibrating bunny-shaped sex-toy. -
Trade Dress Protection and the Confusion with Design Patents Part One: Trade Dress Protection
North East Journal of Legal Studies Volume 18 Fall 2009 Article 1 Fall 2009 Trade Dress Protection and The Confusion with Design Patents Part One: Trade Dress Protection Roy Girasa Pace University, [email protected] Richard J. Kraus Pace University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.fairfield.edu/nealsb Recommended Citation Girasa, Roy and Kraus, Richard J. (2009) "Trade Dress Protection and The Confusion with Design Patents Part One: Trade Dress Protection," North East Journal of Legal Studies: Vol. 18 , Article 1. Available at: https://digitalcommons.fairfield.edu/nealsb/vol18/iss1/1 This item has been accepted for inclusion in DigitalCommons@Fairfield by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Fairfield. It is brought to you by DigitalCommons@Fairfield with permission from the rights- holder(s) and is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/or on the work itself. For more information, please contact [email protected]. I lNol. 22/North East Journal of Legal Studies TRADE DRESS PROTECTION AND THE CONFUSION WITH NARRAGANSETT'S SMOKE SHOP RAID: DESIGN PATENTS NARRAGANSETT INDIAN TRIBE OF RHODE ISLAND v. PART ONE: TRADE DRESS PROTECTION THE STATE OF RHODE ISLAND Charles Hickox, Andrew Laviano and Katherine by Elisabeth Kasterlitz ......................................... 101 Roy J. Girasa * Richard J. Kraus** INTRODUCTION A company's sign or symbol certainly constitutes an important business asset. -
Basic Facts About Trademarks United States Patent and Trademark O Ce
Protecting Your Trademark ENHANCING YOUR RIGHTS THROUGH FEDERAL REGISTRATION Basic Facts About Trademarks United States Patent and Trademark O ce Published on February 2020 Our website resources For general information and links to Frequently trademark Asked Questions, processing timelines, the Trademark NEW [2] basics Manual of Examining Procedure (TMEP) , and FILERS the Acceptable Identification of Goods and Services Manual (ID Manual)[3]. Protecting Your Trademark Trademark Information Network (TMIN) Videos[4] Enhancing Your Rights Through Federal Registration Tools TESS Search pending and registered marks using the Trademark Electronic Search System (TESS)[5]. File applications and other documents online using the TEAS Trademark Electronic Application System (TEAS)[6]. Check the status of an application and view and TSDR download application and registration records using Trademark Status and Document Retrieval (TSDR)[7]. Transfer (assign) ownership of a mark to another ASSIGNMENTS entity or change the owner name and search the Assignments database[8]. Visit the Trademark Trial and Appeal Board (TTAB)[9] TTAB online. United States Patent and Trademark Office An Agency of the United States Department of Commerce UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE BASIC FACTS ABOUT TRADEMARKS CONTENTS MEET THE USPTO ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 1 TRADEMARK, COPYRIGHT, OR PATENT �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� -
Emerging Protection For· Non-Traditional Trademarks: Product Packaging and Design
Emerging Protection for· Non-Traditional Trademarks: Product Packaging and Design Margaret A. Boulware Partner Baker & McKenzie LLP ASPATORE 55 INSIDE THE MINDS Introduction A focus of my practice is counseling clients on creative and cost-effective protection of their valuable intellectual property assets. Distinctive visual feature presentations, such as product design and packaging, are often oyerlooked for federal trademark protection, which lasts as long as the product feature is in use and extends throughout the U.S. Because my clients invest significant resources in new products, I cbunsel them to consider intellectual property protection for non-traditional trademarks as well as copyright and patent protection. I have represented clients in worldwide branding strategy ranging from consumer products in the automotive industry to highly sp·ecialized equipment for oil and gas exploration and production. My firm was founded in 1949 and has more than 3,900 locally qualified lawyers and 7,000 professional staff in sixty-seven offices and thirty-nine cotmtries. Baker & McKenzie is known for advising clients in trademark protection due to the global reach of its intellectual property professionals and represents some of the world's largest trademark portfolio owners. This · depth of knowledge provides my clients with a worldwide view of protection for non-traditional marks. I work with clients on initiatives for the global marketplace to enhance brand recognition and value. Protection for Non-Traditional Trademarks Protection of non-traditional trademarks balances the need for the customer to recognize the source of the product or service against the need for others to effectively compete. "Trademarks are protected from unauthorized use so consumers have reliable source indication and can trust the quality of the goods or services associated with a mark. -
Trademark Nominative Fair Use: the Relevance of the "New Kids on the Block Factors" After the Supreme Court KP Permanent Make-Up V
DePaul Journal of Art, Technology & Intellectual Property Law Volume 16 Issue 1 Fall 2005 Article 2 Trademark Nominative Fair Use: The Relevance of the "New Kids on the Block Factors" After the Supreme Court KP Permanent Make-Up v. Lasting Impression Decision Carl Regelmann Follow this and additional works at: https://via.library.depaul.edu/jatip Recommended Citation Carl Regelmann, Trademark Nominative Fair Use: The Relevance of the "New Kids on the Block Factors" After the Supreme Court KP Permanent Make-Up v. Lasting Impression Decision, 16 DePaul J. Art, Tech. & Intell. Prop. L. 1 (2005) Available at: https://via.library.depaul.edu/jatip/vol16/iss1/2 This Lead Article is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Law at Via Sapientiae. It has been accepted for inclusion in DePaul Journal of Art, Technology & Intellectual Property Law by an authorized editor of Via Sapientiae. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Regelmann: Trademark Nominative Fair Use: The Relevance of the "New Kids on TRADEMARK NOMINATIVE FAIR USE: THE RELEVANCE OF THE "NEW KIDS ON THE BLOCK FACTORS" AFTER THE SUPREME COURT KP PERMANENT MAKE-UP V. LASTING IMPRESSION DECISION By Carl Regelmann* I. INTRODUCTION In December of 2004, the Supreme Court announced in KP Permanent Make-Up, Inc. v. Lasting Impression I,Inc., that a likelihood of confusion did not bar the affirmative defense of descriptive trademark fair use under §33(b)(4) of the Lanham Act.' This interest in descriptive fair use by the nation's highest court encouraged a number of commentators to discuss the issue in depth.2 However, in the Court's decision on the future of * J.D. -
Balancing Legal Protection in India
Co-published editorial Luthra & Luthra IP Balancing legal protection in India An understanding of the relationship between trademark and design law is essential to protecting trade dress in India The judiciary has long recognized trade product design that may not be registered golden colours, there are common use of dress or the get-up of goods, and has for trademark protection because evaluating scrolls, common use of ghosted letters for the traditionally provided protection from trade dress infringement claims requires purpose of writing the name of the whisky, unauthorized appropriation under the tort the court to focus on the claimant’s entire there is common stag/sambhar with antlers, action of passing off. This article analyzes selling image. In cases where passing off is thistles are to be found in both the labels, trade dress protection in India and how it claimed, it has been observed that a court scrolls being found both on the top and the interacts with Indian design law, as may take into consideration and compare lower part of both the labels. All these encapsulated by the Designs Act 2000. the competing trade dress in its entirety to similarities, as a whole, in my view, go to reach a prima facie view of whether there is show that the defendant wished to make its Trade dress and trademarks a likelihood of confusion (ie, shape of label a close approximation of the label of The concept of ‘trade dress’ is anchored in container, colour, printing and the interplay the plaintiff, as it possibly could. It only trademark law and has its origin in US law, of all those elements apart from the made colourable variations in the way the although it can also be traced back to the distinctive feature must be taken into golden scroll curved.