K.S.REAVANASIDDAPPA 68A, Ward no-1 Hosadurga Village Hossadurga Taluk, Chitradurga Dist, Karnataka Ph No. : 9448334744
Date: 21.09.2015
To,
Member Secretary SEIAA Department of Environment & Ecology Karnataka Government Secretariat Room No. 710, 7th Floor, 4th Gate M.S. Buildings BANGALORE
Respected Sir,
Sub: Submission of documents for obtaining Environmental Clearance for “Holalkere Stone Quarry” over an extent of 1.00 Acres at Survey No.338 in Holalkere Village, Holalkere Tq, Chitradurga Dist. Karnataka State Karnataka State.
We are herewith submitting the following documents for obtaining the environmental clearance for “Holalkere Stone Quarry” over an extent of 1.00 Acres at Survey No.338 in Holalkere Village, Holalkere Tq, Chitradurga Dist. Karnataka State Karnataka State.
‹ Form – 1 ‹ Pre-feasibility report ‹ Environmental Management Plan ‹ Processing fee (DD No. 707107 dated 31.07.2015 The Karnataka Bank Ltd) ‹ Data in soft copy
In this regards we kindly request you to grant us the environmental clearance for the stone quarry at the earliest.
Thanking you Sir,
Yours faithfully,
(K.S. REVANASIDDAPPA) K.S. Revanasiddappa Stone Quarry Project report PROJECT REPORT & ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
1.0 INTRODUCTION
K.S. Revanasiddappa stone quarry over an extent of 1.00 Acres is situated in Survey No. 338 at Holalkere village, Holalkere Taluka and Chitradurga District, Karnataka for mining of granite (Building stone).
2.0 LOCATION & ACCESSIBILITY
The said quarry is located at about 4 Kms from Holalkere Town in Chitradurga District. Bommanagatta Village is located at a distance of 1.5 km from Quarry area on Chitradurga & Shivamoga High way. SALIENT FEATURES OF THE STUDY AREA
Details of The Area: District & State Chitradurga, Karnataka
Taluka Holalkere
Village Holalkere
Khasra No. / Plot No./ Block Survey No. 338
Mine Lease Area 1.00 Acres
Type of the Area Govt. Revenue land
Survey of India Toposheet No 57 B/4
Latitude N 140 00’ 55.1” to N 140 00’ 56.4”
Longitude E 760 12’ 02.5” to E 760 12’ 05.8”
3.0 GEOLOGY & EXPLORATION
3.1 TOPOGRAPHY :
[ This stone quarry area is located at the slope of the hillock . The highest RL In the area 768m and minimum RL is 740m. There is no nallah or ground water source within the lease area. A surface plan is enclosed vide Plate No. 3.
3.2 REGIONAL & Local Geology :
The geology of this area corresponds to the regional geology of Dharwar group. The granites are of the batholic nature. The Dharwar Supergroup include Phyllites, slate, Greywackes, slate and tuffs, Epideorite flows, pillow lavas, Ferrgineous and manganese phyllites Massive Bands of Iron formations & Granites.
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A geological plan is enclosed vide Plate No. 3 and geological sections are enclosed vide Plate No.4 .
3.4 GEOLOGICAL RESERVES The geological reserves are estimated and given below. Category Granite ( tons) UNFC code Geological Resources 142376 322 Total 142376 322
Mineable reserves of Granite Category Quantity in tonnes Mineable Reserves 68445
The resources / reserves in this area are estimated by cross sectional method. The mineralized area on cross section is measured and multiplied by the sectional influence to calculate the volume. The volume is multiplied by the Bulk density 2.6T/m3 to estimate the tonnage. The mineral reserves of granites are estimated out of indicated resources after deleting the rock blocked in the 7.5m safety barrier.
4.0 M I N I N G A small part of this area was mined earlier in these five years of the quarrying plan period it is proposed to work in entire area of lease except 7.5m safety barrier area. A jack hammer drilling & blasting, front end loader and tippers shall be adopted for quarrying. A team of 20 labours shall be deployed for the miscellaneous, environmental and plant work.
It is proposed to produce maximum 36595 tonnes materials from this quarry in I-year of plan period. The excavated material shall be transported to the crusher located outside the lease area. The sized product shall be supplied to the consumer mainly for building construction and infrastructure development. The quarry shall be developed with the bench parameters 7.5m height (with slices of 1.5m each) and 6m width. The bench slope shall be 80 0 where as the ultimate pit slope shall be maintained to 45 0.
4.1.1 DEVELOPMENT:
No waste is expected to generate during this plan period. 4.1.2 PRODUCTION:
The proposed quantities of production expected year wise are given below.
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Production scheme for 2 years (Tons)
Proposed Scheme Production Period (tons) 2015-16 36595 2016-17 31850 Total 68445
A pit position at the end of the scheme period is enclosed vide Plate No. 5.
4.1.3 ANTICIPATED LIFE OF THE MINE:
The total reserves in this quarry area are 68445 tonnes. It is proposed to produce 68445 during these two years of the plan period. Hence the life of the quarry is 2 years.
4.1.4 DRILLING:
The drilling and blasting in this area is 100%. It is proposed to drill with 33mm dia bit jack hammer.
4.1.5 BLASTING:
In case of jack hammer the blasting pattern shall be individual. An explosive to be used is Explosives Slurry. There shall not be any explosive magazine in this area. The blasting shall be done by the authorised agency.
Precautions to be observed during drilling and blasting: Drilling precautions :
‹ Drilling with dust extractors. ‹ Use of sharp drill bits, delivery of compressed air at optimal pressure and proper maintenance of compressor and drilling machine. ‹ Provision of ear plugs/ear muffs to drillers.
Blasting precautions :
‹ Proper charge per delay shall be regulated ‹ Millisecond delay detonators or sequential blasting exclusively used. ‹ Stemming column shall be more than the burden to avoid blown out shots. ‹ Each blast would be is carefully planned, supervised, executed and observed by expert staff.
4.1.6 LIST OF MINING EQUIPMENTS:
The list of the mining machineries required for mining is given in the table shown below:
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Sl Equipment / No of Normal Make Motive No. Machinery Units handling Power capacity Pneumatic Jack 1 2 33 mm dia Atlas capco Diesel Hammer Drill 2 Front end loader 1 30tonnes/hour Atlas capco Diesel 3 Tipper 1 10 tonnes Tata Diesel 4 Tipper with tanker 1 8000 lit Tata Diesel 5 Jeep 1 1+6 Mahendra Diesel
4.1.7 CONCEPTUAL MINING
At the end of the plan period there shall be single pit of 0.54 acres. The length of the pit shall be about 25m where as the width shall be about 71m. The entire pit at conceptual stage shall be converted into rain water pond. The pit shall be properly fenced with single opening for drawing the water. A psiculture shall be developed in the pit. No waste is expected to generate during the plan period in this quarry. A green belt shall be developed all along the haulage road and foot of the hillock.
4.2 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL:
The list of the staff and workmen those shall be employed in the mine is given in organization chart.
Sl. No Particulars No’s
1 Highly Skilled 2 2 Skilled 4 3 Semi-skilled 4 4 Un-skilled 20 Total 30
4.3 SITE SERVICES:
The statutory and administrative facilities like Rest Shelter, First Aid Station, Latrines/Urinals, Canteen, Water supply for drinking purposes shall be made available near the quarry site.
4.4 DISPOSAL OF WASTE:
There is no generation of waste during this plan period.
4.5 LAND USE:
The ultimate land use plan (the land proposed to be degraded due to mining and other allied activities till the end of mine) is given below.
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Ultimate Land use Land use pattern Land use pattern Particulars at present stage (end of 1st five years of (acres) quarrying plan period) (acres) Area for quarrying / quarrying 0.05 0.54 activities Area for Safety Barrier 0 0.46 Total 0.05 1.00 Unused area 0.95 - Total 1.00 1.00
A ultimate land use plan is enclosed vide Plate No.7
4.7 NATIONAL SANCTUARY/ ARCHAEOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE SITES/ INTERSTATE BOUNDARY WITHIN 10 KM RADIUS?
There is no National parks, wild life Sanctuaries, Biosphere reserves, Tiger reserves, Elephant corridor heritage site, Archaeological importance sites, interstate boundaries, Hebetate etc., within 10 Kms radius.
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN :-
The Environment Management Plan (EMP) is required to ensure sustainable development in the quarry area and buffer zone area. The proposed mitigating measures are required for meeting the prevailing statutory requirements of gaseous emissions, water discharge characteristics, noise levels etc for environmental management purpose in connection with the quarrying & quarrying related activities in the study area.
For attaining the desired objective of good environmental quality in the area, several management strategies in different phases are proposed and evaluated.
‹ Planned improvements including additional control measures ‹ Fugitive dust reduction on roads ‹ Measures to alleviate problems affecting villages near quarrying area ‹ Planning for the progressive closure of the quarry
This section discusses the management plan for mitigation/abatement impacts and enhancement of beneficial impacts due to quarrying. The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has been designed within the framework of various Indian legislative and regulatory requirements on environmental and socio-economic aspects.
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5.0 Baseline Environment
5.1 Temperature Temperature data of year 2014 reveals that the highest temperature is 39 0C and the lowest temperature is 10 0C. Thus it has a steep temperature gradient. During the winter the night temperature falls down to below 10 0C. The Summary of Monthly Max, Min and Average Temperatures for the study period of 2014 & 2015 are given in Table 1.1 & Table 1.2 . The month wise Min, Max and average temperatures of the year 2014 & 2015 are graphically shown in Fig 1-A to 1-B.
Table 1.1: Monthly Average, Maximum & Minimum Temperatures of the Year-2014 Temperature in 0C Month Average Max. Min. Janurary-14 23 32 14 February-14 24 34 14 March-14 28 38 17 April-14 29 39 19 May-14 28 37 18 June-14 27 34 19 July-14 26 32 19 August-14 26 32 19 September-14 26 32 19 October-14 24 33 14 November-14 22 30 13 December-14 21 31 10
Fig 1-A
MONTHLY AVERAGE, MAXIMUM & MINIMUM TEMPERATRES OF THE YEAR 2014 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 Temperature °c Temperature 10 0 Jan Feb Mar April May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Min. 14 14 17 19 18 19 19 19 19 14 13 10 Max. 32 34 38 39 37 34 32 32 32 33 30 31 Average 23 24 28 29 28 27 26 26 26 24 22 21
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Table 1.2: Monthly Average, Maximum & Minimum Temperatures of Jan – Aug 2015
Temperature in 0C Month Average Max. Min. Janurary-15 20 31 9 February-15 25 35 14 March-15 26 37 14 April-15 29 38 19 May-15 29 37 20 June-15 27 33 20 July-15 26 32 19 August-15 27 34 20
Fig 1-B
MONTHLY AVERAGE, MAXIMUM & MINIMUM TEMPERATRES OF THE YEAR 2015
c 100 80 60 40 20 0 Temperature ° Temperature Jan Feb March April May June July Aug Min. 9 14 14 19 20 20 19 20 Max. 31 35 37 38 37 33 32 34 Average 20 25 26 29 29 27 26 27
The perusal of mean monthly temperature data shows that lowest and highest temperature of 9 0C and 38 0C respectively were observed in the month of Jan 15 to Aug 15.
5.2 Relative Humidity
The morning and evening relative humidity data collected shows that the lowest values of hourly humidity is 27 % and highest is 94 % in the year 2014 and for the year 2015 the lowest hourly humidity is 25 % and the highest hourly humidity is 93 %. In winter season invariably lower humidity is observed compared to other seasons. The average values of different months for the study period are given in Table 1.3 & 1.4 for the year 2014 & 2015. The daily Minimum, Maximum and Avg. relative humidity of the year 2014 & 2015 are shown graphically in Fig 1-C to 1-D.
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Relative Humidity % Month Min. Max. Average
Janurary -14 43 67 55
February -14 28 72 50
March -14 27 74 51
April -14 32 70 51
May -14 46 89 68
June -14 67 87 77
July -14 67 94 81 August -14 76 92 84 September -14 74 90 82 October -14 63 91 77 November -14 52 93 73 December -14 59 86 73
Fig 1-C
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Table: 1.4 Monthly Maximum, Minimum & Average Relative Humidity of the Year-2015
Relative Humidity % Month Min. Max. Average Janurary-15 51 74 63
February-15 25 60 43
March-15 26 79 53
April-15 40 80 60
May-15 55 85 70 June-15 70 93 82 July-15 71 88 80 August-15 75 91 83
Fig 1-D
WIND VELOCITY AND DIRECTION
The wind rose is showed in Figure 1 - E. The average high speed is 10.3 km/hr during the Year-2014. For the month of April to August flow vector is predominantly towards SW.
The results of Study period reveal that the maximum and minimum wind speeds are 10.3 & 3.2 km/hr to calm. The summary of the year 2014 & 2015 is given below Table 1.5 & 1.6 .
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Month Average Wind Velocity in Km/hr Predominant Wind Direction Jan – 2014 5.4 E Feb – 2014 3.9 E Mar – 2014 4.3 E April – 2014 4.3 SW May – 2014 6.8 SW June – 2014 9.9 SW July - 2014 10.3 SW Aug – 2014 7.7 SW Sep – 2014 6.9 SW Oct – 2014 3.2 E Nov – 2014 2.9 NE Dec - 2014 3.4 E
Table 1.6: Summary Of Average Wind Velocity And Wind Direction of the Year-2015 Month Average Wind Velocity in Predominant Wind Km/hr Direction Jan – 2015 3.2 E Feb – 2015 3.7 E Mar – 2015 4.2 E April – 2015 4.3 SW May – 2015 6.5 SW June – 2015 8.5 SW July - 2015 10.2 SW Aug – 2015 8.8 SW
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Fig 1-E
5.3 Rainfall
The avg. monthly rainfall for the year 2014 is given in Table 1.7 and its graphical presentation of variation is shown in Fig 1-F.
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Table 1.7 Monthly Average Rainfalls - 2014
Year Rainfall (mm) Janurary-14 0 February-14 11 March-14 14 April-14 59 May-14 271 June-14 85 July-14 82 August-14 174 September-14 130 October-14 216 November-14 74 December-14 11 Total 1127
On perusal of the 2014 rainfall data, the average monthly highest rainfall in the region is 271
mm. The total rrainfall in the Year 2014 is 1127mm. Fig 1-F
Rainfall (mm) Of The Year 2014 300
250
200
150
100 Rainfall in mm Rainfall
50
0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Rainfall (mm) 0 11 14 59 271 85 82 174 130 216 74 11
The rainfall data for the period of Jan – Aug 2015 is given in Table 1.8 and its graphical presentation of variation is shown in Fig. 1–G.
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Table 1.8 Rainfall Data For The Period of Jan – Aug 2015
Year Rainfall (mm) Janurary-15 0 February-15 0 March-15 20 April-15 41 May-15 142 June-15 56 July-15 51
August-15 91
Fig 1-G
Rainfall (mm) Of The Year 2015 160 140 120 100 80 60
Rainfall in mm Rainfall 40 20 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Rainfall (mm) 0 0 20 41 142 56 51 91
5.4 Ambient Air Quality Data The Ambient Air Quality with respect to the study zone of 10 km radius around beneficiation plant site forms the baseline information. The scenario of the existing Ambient Air Quality in the study region has been assessed through a network of 5 Ambient Air Quality locations. The design of monitoring network in the air quality surveillance program was based on the following considerations.
‹ Topography / Terrain of the study area ‹ Human Settlements ‹ Wind pattern ‹ Health status ‹ Representation of Regional Background levels ‹ Accessibility of monitoring site
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‹ Resource Availability
Concentrate values have been computed from the raw data collected at all individual sampling stations to represent the Ambient Air Quality Status. The Ambient Air Quality studies were carried out at five locations in project site & buffer zone data for study period. The results are given in the below table. Mg/m 3
Sl. No Sample Location PM 10 PM 2.5 SO 2 NOx 1 Core Zone Area 52 24 7.8 8.9 2 Holalkeri Village 48 26 8.2 9.6 3 Hanumanahalli Villlage 38 22 6.6 7.8 4 Gunderi village 46 22 8.4 9.2 5 Kudineerakatti Village 36 20 7.2 8.4 Standard (mg/m 3) 100 60 80 80
Table 1.9 National Ambient Air Quality Standards
Time Construction in Ambient Air Weighted Industrial Area Ecologically Pollutant average Residential, Rural sensitive area Method of Measurement & other Areas (Notified by Central Govt) Particulate matter Annual 60 µg/m 3 60 µg/m 3 -Gravimetric (size less than Average** 100µg/m 3 100 µg/m 3 -TOEM 10µm) 24 Hours** -Beta attenuation Particulate matter Annual* 40 µg/m 3 40 µg/m 3 -Gravimetric (size less than 2.5 Average** 60µg/m 3 60 µg/m 3 -TOEM µm 24 Hours** -Beta attenuation Oxide of Nitrogen as Annual* 40 µg/m 3 30 µg/m 3 Jacob & Hochheiser modified NO2 Average** 80 µg/m 3 80 µg/m 3 (Na-Arsenite) method Gas pulse 24 Hours** Chemiluminescence Sulphur dioxide as Annual* 50 µg/m 3 20 µg/m 3 Improved west & Gacke method SO2 Average** 80 µg/m 3 80 µg/m 3 ultraviolet 24 Hours** Noise level Core & buffer Leq day & night One set of data per Noise level meter zone week Water quality Core & buffer Samples from One set of data per Standard methods for sampling zone surface & ground week at least for w.r.t. pH temp turbidity TDS water one month TSS total hardness alkalinity, chloride, fluoride etrc. Soil Core & buffer Representative One surface sample Collected and analyzed with zone samples(s) from each station standard methods for pH permeability, soil fertility, etc. Socio Economic & Buffer zone Socio economic Before during & Primary & secondary data to be Helath survey random after project colleted. sampling method activity
AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT:
A) MINES
‹ Dust suppression systems (water spraying) would be adopted at mine working & loading points. ‹ Grading of haul roads, service roads from time to time and removal of the accumulated dust materials.
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‹ Drills shall be equipped with dust extractors to reduce dust generation. ‹ Wetting the face prior to blasting. ‹ The blasting shall be carried out during day hours, it shall be avoided during strong wind and temperature inversion condition. ‹ Excavation operations shall be suspended during very strong wind condition. ‹ Trees and shrubs will be grown along the permanent haul roads within the quarry and around the mining and dumping sites to minimize the effect of dust on the surrounding environment. ‹ Plantation of wide leaf trees, creepers and tall grass along approach roads, and on around hillock will help in to suppress the dust. ‹ All workers shall be provided with personal protective devises Eg. Dust Mask. ‹ Air quality shall be regularly monitored both in the core zone and buffer zone.
B) HAULAGE
‹ Regular water spraying on haulage roads during granite transportation by water sprinklers. ‹ Avoiding over filling of tippers and consequent spillage on the roads. ‹ Ore carrying trucks will be effectively covered by tarpaulin to avoid escape of fines to the atmosphere.. ‹ Black topping of the present transport road shall be undertaken.
5.5 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY MEASURE
All the above precautions would be adopted to prevent dust generation at site and to be dispersed in the outside environment. However, for the safety of workers at site, engaged at strategic locations/dust generation points like loading and unloading points, dust masks would be provided. Dust masks would prevent inhalation of RPM thereby reducing the risk of lung diseases and other respiratory diseases. All employees shall be medically examined as per the mines Act 1952 and shall undergo Spirometry, Pulseoxymetry, and lungs function test
etc. The statutory norms shall be followed during the course of quarrying to ensure the proper health and safety of workers. Apart from this there is no other factor envisaged during the quarrying operations. The health status of workers in the mine shall be regularly monitored under an occupational surveillance programme. Under this programme, all the employees’ shall be subjected to a detailed medical examination at the time of employment. The medical histories of all the employees shall be maintained in a standard format. Thereafter, the employees shall undergo medical examination on annual bases. The examinations are proposed to be conducted in specialized area are given in the table below.
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Sl.No. Disease Tests to be conducted
1 Heart Disease Electro Cardio Gram (ECG) blood for lipid profile, stress test, 2d Echo and other tests as required. 2 Lung Disease Total count (WBC) Differential count, sputum examination, x-ray chest, culture & sensitivity (COS) 3 Lung Function As per DGMS regulations Test 4 Test for Silicosis As per DGMS regulations 5 Asthma Differential count ESR, x-ray chest, and sputum examination provoke test if required. 6 Diabetes Random blood sugar, urine sugar if positive BSL fasting/PP diabetic profile. 7 Hypertension BP reading, if required renal profile + ECG and stress test. 8 Abdomen pain. Routine urine for albumin, sugar bile salts + bile pigments stool examination, USGG Ba0meal liver function test (serum, biliribic etc) as per requirement.
The tests conducted and the results will be recorded in the database of medical history of the employees. These medical histories over a period will show if there is any occupation related deterioration in the employee’s health. 5.6 Noise Level Monitoring Data Excessive noise levels will cause adverse effects on human beings and associated environment including domestic animals, wild life, natural ecosystem and structures. To know the ambient noise levels in the study area one location at core zone and four locations at buffer zone have been selected and the results are given in the below table.
Sl. Noise levels dB(A) Sample Location No Min. Max. Leq 1 Core Zone Area 40.2 49.6 43.87 2 Gunderi Kaval Village 48.8 54.3 49.05 3 Hanumana Halii Village 51.6 57.2 54.12 4 Gunderi Halli Village 48.4 52.2 50.78 5 Kudineerakatti Village 50.3 56.4 53.79
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NOISE : (A MBIENT STANDARDS ) Limit in dB (A) Area code Category of Area Day Time Night Time A Industrial Area 75 70 B Commercial Area 65 55 C Residential Area 55 45 D Silence Area 50 40 Day time is reckoned in between 6 am and 9 pm Night time is reckoned in between 9 pm and 6 am Silence zone is defined as areas upto 100 meters around such premises as hospitals, educational institutions and courts. The silence zones are to be Note declared by the Competent Authority Mixed categories of areas should be declared as ''one of the four above mentioned categories by the Competent Authority and the corresponding standard shall apply
The observed data in project site and buffer zone shows that the Ambient noise level range between min 40.2 dB (A) to max 56.4 (A) & Avg Leq 53.79 The plant site and buffer zone noise level values are well within the Ambient Noise Standards.
IMPACT ON NOISE ENVIRONMENT
The noise levels are dependent upon the deployment of machinery and heavy-duty vehicles in the area. Noise is produced due to movement of machinery, etc., but the pronounced effect of noise is felt only near the active working area. The main sources of noise in the plant are classified as follows:
• Stationary Equipment • Mobile Equipment • Transportation
Noise has always been with the human civilisation but it was never so obvious, so intense, so varied and as pervasive as it is seen in the last century. The effect of noise pollution is multifaceted and inter related. A study by Sinha & Sinha in India suggested that human efficiency increases with noise reduction. Noise decreases the efficiency of a man. Noise causes lack of concentration, because of noise people cannot concentrate on their work and they have to give their more time for completing the work and they feel tiring.
During pregnancy an unpleasant sound make the lady irritative nature and sudden noise may causes abortion also. Noise pollution attacks on person’s peace of mind. The noises are recognised as major contributing factors in accelerating the already existing tension of modern living. These tension results in certain disease like blood pressure or mental illness etc. The noise pollution also causes discomfort, sleep interference and speech interference. The effect of noise on audition is well recognised. The physicists, physicians & psychologists are of the view that continued exposure to noise level about 80 to 100 dB is unsafe and it can cause temporary or permanent deafness.
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Noise pollution damages the nervous system of animal. Animal looses the control of its mind and become dangerous. All the plants are similar to human being and they are also sensitive as man.
PREDICTION OF IMPACT ON OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Equivalent sound level averaged over 8 hours, is used to describe exposure of noise in work places. The damage risk criteria for hearing, as enforced by OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) and other organizations to reduce hearing loss, stipulates that noise level upto 90dB(A) is acceptable for eight hours exposure per day. Exposure to impulses or impact noise should not exceed 140 dB(A) (Peak acoustic pressure). Exposure to 10,000 impulses of 120 dB(A) are permissible per day. Although there are a few noise source above the limit, however, they do not produce noise levels above 90 dB(A) for more than 3 – 6 hours per shift reducing Leq (8 hr) to well within the limits. However due to implementations of protective measures their shall not be any impact on occupational health.
PREDICTION OF IMAPCT ON COMMUNITY
Equivalent sound level averaged over 24 hours, Leq (24 hrs) and day night sound level (Ldn) are often used to described community noise exposures.
WHO recommendation for community noise annoyance permits day time outdoor noise level of 55 dB(A) Leq and night time noise level of 45 dB(A) Leq to meet the sleep criteria, i.e. Leq (24 hrs) of 52.2 dB(A) and Leq of 55 dB(A). However human settlement are located more than 1.5 kms away from the plant lease area, therefore the noise levels caused due to the plant operation are negliable as activities are restricted to day times only. Noise due to transportation of mineral from the plant lease to the end users is through a dedicated road bypassing all the villages for more than a kilometer and it is restricted only to day time. Therefore impact due to transport is also negligible.
Anticipated noise levels at plant boundary resulting from operation of the plant have been computed using point source model. Computation of noise level at the boundary is based on the assumption that there are no attenuation paths between the source and the plant boundary.
Basic phenomenon of the model is the geometric attenuation of sound. Noise at a point generates spherical waves, which are propagated outwards from the source through the air at a speed of 1,100 ft/sec, with the first wave making an ever-increasing sphere with time. As the wave spreads the intensity of noise diminishes as the fixed amount of energy is spread over an increasing surface area of the sphere.
The assumption of the model is based on point source relationship i.e., for every doubling of the distance the noise levels are decreased by 6 dB (A). Point source propagation is defined by the following equation:
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Lp2 = Lp1 – 20 log r2/r1
Where Lp1 and Lp2 are sound pressure levels at points located at distances r1 and r2 respectively from the source.
Noise level at boundary was found to be less than 60 dB (A).
NOISE POLLUTION CONTROL
In an operational beneficiation plant major noise sources are operation of machineries and equipment, screening units, operations. Noise generation may be for an instant, intermittent or continuous periods, with low to high decibels.
As there are no villages within 1.0 km range, noise level will be insignificant as the operations are of intermittent nature. Although the ambient noise level monitoring carried out in and around the proposed plant shows that ambient noise levels are well within the stipulated limits of CPCB.
Periodic inspection and checks of the risk prone areas and equipment shall be conducted towards noise control.
Acoustic enclosures, hoods, laggings and screens shall be provided in noise generating areas to the extent possible so that the sound pressure levels in working areas are restricted below 85 dB (A) for 8 hours duty. This shall be regulated before engaging the equipment or purchase of the same. Provisions of rotation of workers to minimize exposure time as well as provision of earmuffs to workers exposed to high noise areas are also envisaged. In addition to it, green belt development shall be undertaken around the lease area to minimize propagation of noise. Regular monitoring of noise pressure level shall be done inside and outside the plant area.
The equipments and machines should be maintained properly. Particular attention should be given to the silencers and mufflers. Ear muffs or other protective devices should be provided to the staff working in high noise prone areas. Sharp drill pits shall be used to reduce the noise levels. The rotating equipment shall be selected for lower operating speeds and will be statically and dynamically balanced. The equipment shall be provided with silencers wherever required, and shall be designed to operate with a total noise level of not exceeding to 85db (A) at 1m distance as per stipulations of Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Standards.
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5.7 Ground Water Quality Data WATER RESOURCES Assessment of baseline data on water resources includes
• Identification of surface water sources • Identification of ground water sources • Collection of water samples • Analyzing water samples collected for physico-chemical and biological parameters
There are seasonal water courses in the buffer zone area. During rains water from the core zone area will join in to the seasonal water courses. Ultimately joins in to the Gundari village pond located at a distance of 3 kms in SouthWest direction. The overall daily requirement of water for this mining project is estimated as under
Drinking and domestic - 5 m 3/day Dust suppression - 40 m 3/day Green belt / afforestation - 10 m 3/day Total - 55 m 3/day
GROUND WATER QUALITY
Four Ground Water samples were collected from the bore wells for analysis. The results are given in the below table. Heavy metal concentrations in all the samples were found to be well within the limits.
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Hanumana Gunderi Kudineerakatti Gunderi Kaval Sl.No Parameters Unit Halli Village Village Village 1 pH - 7.567 7.123 7.242 7.224 2 Temperature 28.2 28.6 29.1 28.8 3 µmhos/cm 1020 840 920 Conductivity 970 in NTU 0.64 0.72 1.02 4 Turbidity 0.86 5 mg/l 612 504 552 T. Dissolved Solids 582 6 206 194 182 T. Alkalinity as CaCo 3 mg/l 470 7 325 312 262 T. Hardness as CaCo 3 mg/l 294
8 Calcium as Ca mg/l 66.0 84.0 72.0 62.0 9 Magnesium as Mg mg/l 31.2 28.0 32.0 26.0 10 Iron as Fe mg/l 0.20 0.26 0.24 0.20 11 Sodium as Na mg/l 86.0 64.0 78.0 82.0 12 Potassium as K mg/l 1.20 1.60 0.84 0.76 13 Chlorides as Cl, mg/l 93.0 102 164 124 14 mg/l 52.0 46.0 32.0 Sulphates as SO 4 64.0 15 mg/l 06.0 08.0 05.0 Nitrates as NO 3 18. 16 Fluorides as F mg/l 0.62 0.74 08.2 0.68
No ground water is going to encounter during the quarrying and there shall not be any discharge of water from quarrying to the adjacent area. Hence there shall not be any impact on water quality. The only source of water pollution from the Quarry is wash – off from the active Quarrying area. The wash off would contain heavy colloidal suspension in the form of turbidity. The following mitigative measures shall be adopted to prevent wash off of Quarry silt and uncontrolled runoff water during monsoon.
From the natural slopes the rainwater drains into the stream. The ground water table is 40m below the surface. The proposed mining operations are much above the ground water table. Therefore, these mining operations on hill top may not have any adverse impact on either the yield or movement of ground water. The following control measures shall be undertaken.
• To avoid soil erosion, rain water entering into the Quarry pit, carryover of the material with rain water, suitable garland drains all along the active Quarry area shall be provided. • All along the higher contour garland channels shall be undertaken. • Plantation and fast growing deep rooted plant species. • Providing sufficient gully checks & check dams to check any silt flowing along with the surface run-off in the valleys.
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• For arresting the solids escaping along with these run-offs in small streams, small check dam shall be constructed all along the small streams before they join any surface water bodies. 5.8 Soil Data: The normal mineral composition of quarry is altered by alteration in soil condition. Soil could well represent the topsoil cover, which is rich in nutrient content. Four locations were selected as below for analyzing the soil quality status in the study. The locations and the results are given the below table.
Location Code Sl. Gunderi Hanumanah Gunderi Kundineerakatti Parameter No Kaval alli Village village Village Village 1 pH 7.24 6.84 7.86 6.93 2 EC (µmho/cm) 168.0 176.0 150.0 162.0 3 Texture Clay Loam Clay Loam Clay Clay Loam Loam 4 Particle Size Distribution: (i) Sand(%) 28 37 32 30 (ii) Silt & Clay (%) 72 63 68 70 5 Organic Carbon (%) 0.26 0.54 0.22 0.43 6 Exchangeable Sodium (meq/100g) 0.12 0.24 0.16 0.14 7 Sulphates (%) Trace Trace Trace Trace 8 Available nitrogen in (kg/ha) 102.4 86.0 72.6 64.8 9 Available Pottasium (kg/ha) 62.8 42.2 52.4 74.2 10 Available Phosphorous (kg/ha) 120.0 104.0 86.8 92.6
6.0 LAND ENVIRONMENT
6.1 CORE ZONE
The core zone completely falls in Govt. Revenue land on hill slope. Most of the area covered with soil/rock formations over which some vegetation exists. The core zone is partly disturbed to a very small extent due to mining, transport roads, which are worked earlier. The ultimate land use plan is given in the Table No.2.
Table No.2 Ultimate Land use Type of Activity Ultimate land use in Acres. Area for mining 0.05 Safety Barrier 0 Total 0.05 Unused Area 0.95 Total Lease Area 1.00 A ultimate land use plan is enclosed vide Plate No.7
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6.2 HANDLING OF WASTE AND SUB-GRADE MINERAL
No waste is expected to generate during this plan period.
6.3 PROPOSED MITIGATIVE MEASURE. ° Green belt development around the foot of the hillock and near to the Quarry and haulage roads shall be taken up simultaneously as this helps in afforestation but also prevent erosion and consequent silting of local water streams.
° Use of good root bearing and hardy species like Agave, shall be planted in the contour trenches at closer intervals.
6.4 RECLAMATION OF LAND
The mined out quarry pit shall be converted into rain water pond.
6.5 PLANTATION PROGRAMME
Under plantation programme, it is suggested to develop 500 plants per annum in green belt area & also along the road & cluster boundary of quarry lease area. The implementation of the development of green belt around the hillock will be of paramount importance as it will not only add up as an aesthetic feature, but also act as a pollution sink. Grass species will be propagated to bind the loose particles. Root bearing and hardy species will be planted in the contour trenches at closure intervals.
The species to be grown in the areas should be dust tolerant and fast growing species so that a permanent green belt is created.
Apart from the green belts and aesthetic plantation, other massive plantation efforts shall be decided and executed with the assistance and co-operation of the local forest department to benefit the community and to reduce the effects of fugitive emissions and noise pollution. FLORA AND FAUNA
The core zone is broken and does not support vegetation. There are no endangered and endemic plant species. There are no reports of wild animals.
FLORA IN CORE ZONE: The core zone is broken and does not support vegetation. There are no endangered and endemic plant species. There are no reports of wild animals . FLORA in Core Zone :- 1. Anogeisus latifolia (Dindalu) 2. Accacia intia (Kaduseege) 3. Emblica Officinalis (Nelli) 4. Terminalia tomentosa (Matti) 5. Pongamia pinnata (Honge)
Note: Local names are given in brackets.
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FLORA IN BUFFER ZONE :- 1. Anogeisus latifolia (Dindalu) 2. Albizzia odoratissima 3. Accacia Intia (Kadu Seege) 4. Albizzia amara (Tuggali) 5. Bassia latifolia (Ippe) 6. Carissa carandus (Kavali) 7. Chloroxylon swietenia (Mashiwal) 8. Dalbergia paniculata (Pachori) 9. Diospyros malanoxylon (Tumbri) 10. Grewia tiliaefolia (Jane) 11. Emblica officinalis (Nelli) 12. Terminalia tomentosa (Matti) 13. Prospis Juliflora (Bellary Jali) 14. Zozyphus oenoplea (Bare) Note : Local names are given in brackets.
FAUNA OF BUFFER ZONE:-
Sl. No. Zoological Name Local Name A MAMMALS 1. Macaca mulatta Monkey 2. Presoytis entellus Langur 3. Lepsus nigricollis Hares 4. Vulpes bengalensis Fox 5. Felis bengalesis Cat 6. Harpetsis edwardsi Mangoose 7. Heroestes sp Kaberbijju 8. Rattus rattus Mouse
B REPTILES 1. Hemidactylus sp Hourse lizard 2. Calotes sp Gahden Iizard 3. Bungarussp Krait 4. Naja naja Indian Cobra 5. Chamilion sp Chameleon
C AMPHIBIANS 1. Rana tigrina Frog 2. Bufo sp Toad
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D ARTHROPODES 1. Tulus sp Millipede 2. Scolopendra sp Centipede 3. Palaemneus sp Scorpion 4. Aranea sp Spider 5. Periplaneta sp Cockroach 6. Brachydentera Ant 7. Apis indica Indian honeybee 8. Musca domestic House fly 9. Pheretimaposthuma Kechua 10. Pieris s Butter fly 11. Formica sanguinea Red ant 12. Bombyx mori Silk moth 13. Lepisma sp Silver fish 14. Gryllus sp Cricket 15. Phyllium sp Leaf insect 16. Melanopus so Gross hopper
6.6 HUMAN SETTLEMENTS
There is no human settlement in the core zone.
6.7 SOCIO-ECONOMIC BENEFITS
Spurt in industrialization and mining activities have invariably brought a drastic change in the environment including the society connected with region. Mostly remote areas tucked away from urbanization and influence of modern civilization fall within the limits of mine development. A natural corollary to this the socio economic aspects of the local inhabitants who have dwelling this region for generations, get suddenly and probably a radical change, consequent to their abrupt exposure to the mining activities.
The impact of this mining project will be positive. The subject-mining project provides employment for about 30 persons and also creates in the service sector for an equivalent number of persons will be indirectly employed in the other allied activities. Thus a population of about 150 persons can sustain their lively hood on this project. Majority of the work force shall be local people coming from and within the district.
The local people will get employment opportunities, better medical and educational facilities etc., mainly due to the mining operation from this project. In addition to this the literacy rate and better living standards shall increase due to the enhanced earning capacity of villagers. This area will also have better Medical, Educational, Transportation and communication facilities, which are also directly, linked with the establishment of the mining project.
In the buffer zone villages, this project will be one of the major economic activities resulting in generation of revenues to the state and central governments, by way of royalties, taxes, central excise etc., and the living condition of the persons shall improve, thus contributing
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to the overall up gradation of living standards. There would tremendous earning of foreign exchange due to export of value added products instead of raw material alone from this region.
The socio-economic parameters of the area undergo change due to:
‹ Changes in the employment pattern of the area.
‹ Changes in the pattern of facilities available, both in respect of the infrastructure facilities as well as other services.
‹ Improvements in money supply in the area through better earning capacity of population.
DEMOGRAPHIC DETAILS:
As per 2011 census, the study area consisted of 10742 persons inhabited in 06 villages. The statistics regarding the list of villages, number of households and human population is given in Table No.3. Table: 3 Demography in Study Area
Village Name No. of House Total Holds Population Palya 299 1261 Bheemasamudra 266 1131 Megalahalli 224 1167 Bommanahalli 659 3131 Kadleguddu 318 1561 Hirekandavadi 534 2491 Total 2300 10742
Fig 1-Q
No. of House Holds Population
Palya Palya 13% 12% Bheemasamudra 23% 23% Bheemasamudr 10% 11% Megalahalli a 11% 14% 10% Bommanahalli 15% Megalahalli Kadleguddu 29% 29% Bommanahalli Hirekandavadi
The distribution of population in the study area is shown in Table-3.1 .
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Table: 3.1 Distribution of Population
Particulars Rural Total Population 10742
Male Population 5488 (% with total population) (51.08) Female Population 5254 (% with total population) (48.92) No. of Households 2300 Average Household Size 4.67 Sex ratio (Female/1000 male) 957 Source: Census of India 2011
The configuration of male and females indicates that the males constitute to about 51.08% and females to about 48.92% of the study area population. The sex ratio i.e. the number of females per 1000 males indirectly reveals certain sociological aspects in relation with female births, infant mortality among female children and single person family structure, a resultant of migration of industrial workers. The study area at an average has 957 females per 1000 males.
6.9 Social Structure
Majority of the people in the study area belong to Hindu religion. The study area also contains Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST). The distribution of population of socially weaker sections in the study area is shown in Table-3.2 and graphically it is shown in Fig. 1-R. Table: 3.2 Distribution Of Population By Social Structure
Category Population Total Population 10742
Scheduled Castes 2432 (22%)
Scheduled Tribes 3293 (31%)
Total SC and ST 5725 (53%) Others 5017 (47%)
In the study area population belongs to Scheduled Castes (SC) while 22% to Scheduled Tribes (ST), thus indicating that about 31% of the population is formed by SC and ST population & other population 53 %. Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe sections are predominant in this area, others population (47%).
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Fig 1-R
6.10 Literacy Levels
The distribution of literates and literacy rates in the study area are given in Table-3.3 and graphically it is shown in Fig. 1 -S
Table: 3.3 Literacy Level
SL No Particulars Population 1 Total Population 10742 2 Male population 5488 3 Male literates 4080 4 Female population 5254
5 Female literates 3240 6 Total literates 7320
7 % of study area literates to total population 68.14
8 Male literacy rate (%) 55.74 9 Female literacy rate (%) 44.26
The study area experiences a moderate literacy rate of 68.14 %. The male literacy i.e. the percentage of literate males to the total males of the study area is observed as 55.74% while female literacy rate, which is an important indicator for soc ial change, is observed as 44.26 % in the study area.
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Fig 1-S
It proposes to takenup the following CSR activities listed below:
• To arrange study tour to primary and high school children. • Assistance to Educational institutions located in the Taluk by way of providing “Teaching aids, Books & Periodicals”. • Scholarships for the best outstanding students. • Health care camps arrangements and distribution of medicines freely. organising occupational health camps through t rained doctors. • Employment oriented training to youth. • Providing sanitation/sewage facilities to villages. etc. and educating on health of hygiene matters. • Distribution of fruit bearing trees, Bio -fuel yielding plants to nearby villagers on Vanamahotsava day. • Providing solar lights to villages and schools, as there is scarcity of electricity. • Providing transport for nearby school children to go to come from school. • And any other requirements of the people in the surrounding area found to be essential whe n communicating with them.
IMPLEMENTATION OF EMP & MONITORING PROGRAMME:
The environment management plan is detailed on the basis of impact assessment. Control and mitigation measures for the adverse impacts envisaged. As the major environmental attributes have been confined to the project area alone, implementations of the pro posed control measures and monitoring thereof will be undertaken on the regional basis. The Lessee will ensure the implementation of the measures within the plant area and carryout efficient monitoring.
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In order to implement the measures suggested for mitigating the adverse impacts on the environment, it is suggested to monitor the environmental parameters regularly.
6.10.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL
[ The Quarry manager will be the incharge for enrichment of works along with the labours for supervision and preventive maintenance.
Following shall be the proposed environmental organization chart for this mine. Mines Manager shall be in charge of the cell.
6.11 BUDGET PROVISION FOR EMP
It is necessary to include the environmental cost as a part of the budgetary cost component.
It is proposed to take up protective measures like construction of check dams across the nallah. The haul roads both within the lease and outside the mining lease including roads leading to the crushing plant are being watered and good drainage system would be maintained. The project authorities propose to undertake the following environmental works to achieve the environmental quality as desired.
The Lessee for execution of Environment Management Plan has made adequate budgetary provision. Annual cost of monitoring and implementation of control measures is given below: Environment Management Schedule YEAR 2015-16 2016-17 Plantation
Environmental Monitoring
Water spraying on haul roads
Gully Checks
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Recurring Annual Cost for Environmental Protection
Cost Sl. No. Particulars No. (Lakh Rs.) I Pollution Control 1.1 Water spraying on Haul roads 2.00 1.2 Green belt development/plantation 100 plants 0.50 1.3 Personal protective equipment 30 0.30 1.4 Community Development Works 2.00 1.5 Environmental Monitoring 0.50 1.6 Maintenance of roads 0.50 1.7 Construction of gully checks 10 Nos 0.50 Total 6.30
6.12 CONCLUSION
This new project will meet the development needs of the state without causing any negative influence on the environment. It can be summarized that the development of Granite Building Stone Quarry have a positive impact on the socio-economics of the area and lead to overall sustainable development of the region.
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