(part 1) · 1 The ETYFish Project © Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara comments:  v. 14.2 - 12 May 2020

Section OTOPHYSA oto-, ear; physa, bladder, referring to Weberian apparatus, a complex of modified vertebrae and ligaments that connect gas bladder to inner ear, giving otophysans the most sensitive hearing among

Superorder CYPRINIPHYSAE combination of Cypriniformes and physa, bladder (see above)

Order CYPRINIFORMES (part 1 of 16) Suborder GYRINOCHEILOIDEI Family GYRINOCHEILIDAE Algae Eaters Vaillant 1902 gyrinus, latinization of gyrinos, tadpole; cheilus, lip, having the “somewhat triangular appearance of the mouth of the tadpole” (translation) (Tirant 1883) in honor of linguist, archaeologist and explorer Étienne François Aymonier (1844-1929), who, while serving as a representative for the French protectorate of , collected or helped secure type (Fowler 1937) in honor of the late Charles J. Pennock (1857-1935), Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA, an ornithologist to whom Fowler was indebted for various North American fishes Gyrinocheilus pustulosus Vaillant 1902 full of blisters, referring to numerous papillae on lip

Suborder CATOSTOMOIDEI Family Suckers 14 genera/subgenera · 94 species/subspecies Subfamily Myxocyprininae Myxocyprinus Gill 1878 myxo-, suck; latinization of Greek kyprinos, carp, referring to resemblance to Carpiodes cyprinus Myxocyprinus asiaticus (Bleeker 1864) Asian, referring to distribution in eastern Asian, i.e., China Subfamily Cycleptinae Cycleptus Rafinesque 1819 cycle, round; leptos, small, referring to small, round mouth

Gyrinocheilus pennocki. From: Fowler, H. W. 1937. Zoological results of the third De Schauensee Siamese Expedition. Part VIII. Fishes obtained in 1936. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 89: 125-264. 2 · CYPRINIFORMES (part 1): Catostomidae · The ETYFish Project

Cycleptus elongatus (Lesueur 1817) elongate, referring to “very long” subcylindrical body Cycleptus meridionalis Burr & Mayden 1999 southern, referring to southern distribution (Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, USA) compared to C. elongatus Subfamily Ictiobinae Carpiodes Rafinesque 1820 -oides, having the form of: carp, Cyprinus carpio Carpiodes carpio (Rafinesque 1820) from the Old French carpe, carp, referring to resemblance to Cyprinus carpio Carpiodes cyprinus cyprinus (Lesueur 1817) latinization of Greek kyprinos, carp, referring to resemblance to Cyprinus carpio Carpiodes cyprinus hinei Trautman 1956 in honor of James Stewart Hine (1866-1930), Curator of the Division of Natural History of the Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Museum, who collected with Trautman and urged him to write his book Fishes of Ohio (1957, rev. 1982) Carpiodes velifer (Rafinesque 1820) velum, sail; fero, to bear, referring to tall dorsal fin Ictiobus Rafinesque 1820 ichthyo, ; bous, ox or cow, referring to humpbacked nape Ictiobus bubalus (Rafinesque 1818) Greek for buffalo, referring to humpbacked nape Ictiobus cyprinellus (Valenciennes 1844) diminutive of cyprinus, carp, referring to resemblance to Cyprinus carpio Ictiobus labiosus (Meek 1904) large-lipped, referring to thick papillose lips Ictiobus meridionalis (Günther 1868) southern, referring to Central American distribution Ictiobus niger (Rafinesque 1819) black, referring to blackish fins Subfamily Catostominae Catostomus Lesueur 1817 tautonymous with Cyprinus catostomus Catostomus ardens Jordan & Gilbert 1881 burning, referring to “narrow, bright, rosy” lateral band on large adult males Catostomus bernardini Girard 1856 of Rio de San Bernardino, Sonora, México, type locality Catostomus cahita Siebert & Minckley 1986 Uto-Aztecan language spoken by Amerinds inhabiting Río Papigóchic region of Chihuahua and Sonora, México, where this sucker occurs Catostomus catostomus catostomus (Forster 1773) cato-, inferior; stoma, mouth, referring to its ventral position compared to terminal mouth of Cyprinus carpio Catostomus catostomus griseus Girard 1856 gray, referring to grayish “upper regions” Catostomus catostomus lacustris Bajkov 1927 lacustrine (belonging to a lake), referring to distribution in Annette, Patricia, Beauvert and Pyramid lakes of Jasper National Park, Alberta, Canada Catostomus catostomus nanomyzon Mather 1886 nanus, small, referring to small size (11.4 cm) compared to other Catostomus of the Adirondacks, New York, USA; myzon, sucker Catostomus catostomus pocatello Gilbert & Evermann 1894 named for Pocatello, Idaho, USA, just north Ross Fork of Snake River, type locality Catostomus catostomus rostratus Tilesius 1813 beaked, referring to pointed snout (exhibited on all subspecies) The ETYFish Project · CYPRINIFORMES (part 1): Catostomidae · 3

Catostomus columbianus columbianus (Eigenmann & Eigenmann 1893) Columbian, referring to distribution in Columbia River drainage of the Pacific Northwest, USA and British Colum- bia, Canada Catostomus columbianus hubbsi Smith 1966 in honor of in honor of Carl L. Hubbs (1894-1979), for his work on western American fishes, his leadership in ichthyology, and for collecting type Catostomus commersonii (Lacepède 1803) in honor of French naturalist Philibert Commerçon (also spelled Commerson, 1727-1773), whose collections were studied by Lacepède Catostomus fumeiventris Miller 1973 fumeus, smoky; venter, belly, referring to dusky-colored abdomen Catostomus insignis Baird & Girard 1854 marked, referring to spots formed by melanophores at junctures of scales Catostomus latipinnis Baird & Girard 1853 latus, broad; pinnis, fin, referring to excessively developed fins, especially in old males Catostomus leopoldi Siebert & Minckley 1986 in honor of ecologist, environmentalist and author Aldo Leopold (1887-1948), whose “Song of the Galivan” was based in part on his experiences at type locality (Arroyo Moctezuma, Chihuahua, México) Catostomus macrocheilus Girard 1856 macro-, long; cheilus, lip, referring to its very large lips Catostomus microps Rutter 1908 micro-, small; ops, eye, referring to smaller eye compared to the related C. occidentalis and C. snyderi Catostomus occidentalis occidentalis Ayres 1854 western, referring to distribution in California, USA, where it is endemic Catostomus occidentalis humboldtianus Snyder 1913 -anus, belonging to: Humboldt County, California, USA, where it is endemic Catostomus occidentalis lacusanserinus Fowler 1913 lacus, lake; anserinus, of geese, referring to Goose Lake watershed, California and Oregon, USA, where it is endemic Catostomus occidentalis mniotiltus Snyder 1913 mnion, moss; tiltos, plucker, allusion not explained, perhaps referring to its feeding habits since it “thriv[es] especially well in deep, turbid pools where algae and diatoms are abundant” Catostomus rimiculus Gilbert & Snyder 1898 diminutive of rima, fissure, i.e., a small fissure, referring to shallow cleft of lower lip Catostomus snyderi Gilbert 1898 in honor of ichthyologist John Otterbein Snyder (1867-1943), Gilbert’s frequent collaborator, who first noticed this species was unnamed Catostomus tahoensis Gill & Jordan 1878 -ensis, suffix denoting place: Lake Tahoe, Nevada-California, USA, type locality (also occurs in Oregon) Catostomus tsiltcoosensis Evermann & Meek 1898 -ensis, suffix denoting place: Tsiltcoos Lake, Oregon, USA, type locality Catostomus utawana Mather 1886 named after Utawana Lake in Blue Mountain chain (Adirondacks, New York, USA), one location where “it may probably be found”; name (pronounced oo-ta-wan’-ne) is of Onondaga origin and means “big waves” and not “sunshine” as Mather had believed Catostomus warnerensis Snyder 1908 -ensis, suffix denoting place: Warner basin, Oregon and Nevada, USA, where it is endemic Catostomus wigginsi Herre & Brock 1936 in honor of botanist Ira L. Wiggins (1899-1987), Stanford University, who collected type and other rare Mexican fishes for the Stanford Museum Chasmistes Jordan 1878 chasmatos, yawning hole; -istes, adjectival suffix, i.e., one who yawns, referring to large, oblique mouth Chasmistes brevirostris Cope 1879 brevis, short; rostrum, snout, referring to shorter snout compared to Chasmistes (=Deltistes) luxatus 4 · CYPRINIFORMES (part 1): Catostomidae · The ETYFish Project

Chasmistes cujus Cope 1883 latinization of couia, Pahute name for this fish Chasmistes liorus liorus Jordan 1878 leios, smooth; ora, margin, referring to lack of papillae on lips Chasmistes liorus mictus Miller & Smith 1981 miktos, mixed, believed to be a hybrid between C. liorus and Catostomus ardens (a belief that has been challenged) Chasmistes muriei Miller & Smith 1981 in honor of wildlife biologist Olaus J. Murie (1889-1963), who collected only known specimen in 1927 Deltistes Seale 1896 delta, referring to gill rakers, which are shaped like the Greek letter (∆); -ister, diminutive suffix meaning resemblance, i.e., delta-like Deltistes luxatus (Cope 1879) dislocated or put out of joint, presumably referring to spines of premaxillary bones, which form a hump on top of snout, giving the appearance of a dislocated nose Erimyzon Jordan 1876 eri-, very; myzon, sucker, a “free translation” of the vernacular name chubsucker Erimyzon claviformis (Girard 1856) clavis, bar; forma, shape, probably referring to distinct vertical bars seen on younger specimens Erimyzon oblongus (Mitchill 1814) oblong, referring to more elongate shape compared to E. sucetta Erimyzon sucetta sucetta (Lacepède 1803) latinization of the French sucet, meaning sucker Erimyzon sucetta kennerlii (Girard 1856) in honor of surgeon-naturalist Caleb B. Kennerly (1829-1861), who collected type Erimyzon tenuis (Agassiz 1855) slender, compared to the chubby E. oblongus Hypentelium Rafinesque 1818 hypo-, below; pente, five, referring to “lower jaw shorter with five lobes” (a character that does not fit the ) Hypentelium etowanum (Jordan 1877) -anum, adjectival suffix: referring to of Etowah River, Georgia, USA, type locality Hypentelium nigricans (Lesueur 1817) blackish, probably referring to dark saddles Hypentelium roanokense Raney & Lachner 1947 -ensis, suffix denoting place: Roanoke River drainage, Virginia and North Carolina, USA, where it is endemic Minytrema Jordan 1878 mini-, reduced; trema, aperture, referring to its lateral line, absent in juveniles and incomplete (consisting of only four unpored scales) in adults

Hypentelium roanokense. From: Raney, E. C. and E. A. Lachner. 1947. Hypentelium roanokense, a new catostomid fish from the Roanoke River in Virginia. American Museum Novitates No. 1333: 1-15. The ETYFish Project · CYPRINIFORMES (part 1): Catostomidae · 5

Minytrema melanops (Rafinesque 1820) melanos, black; ops, appearance, referring to large, square blackish spot at base of each scale, which combine to form more or less conspicuous stripes along the sides Rafinesque 1820 moxo, probably a variant spelling of myzo, to suck; stoma, mouth, referring to “fleshy, thick, or lobed sucking lips” Moxostoma albidum (Girard 1856) whitish, referring to greyish white coloration above and greyish silver coloration below Moxostoma anisurum (Rafinesque 1820) anisos, unequal; oura, tailed, referring to upper lobe of tail being narrower and longer than lower (which it is not) Moxostoma ariommum Robins & Raney 1956 ari-, a strengthening prefix; omma, eye, referring to its large eyes Moxostoma austrinum austrinum Bean 1880 southern, referring to its Mexican distribution Moxostoma austrinum milleri Robins & Raney 1957 in honor of Robert Rush Miller (1916-2003), University of Michigan, for his contributions to Middle American ichthyology Moxostoma breviceps (Cope 1870) brevis, short; ceps, head, referring to small head and mouth Moxostoma carinatum (Cope 1870) keeled, referring to low ridges on roof of skull Moxostoma cervinum (Cope 1868) of deer, referring to tawny or fawn-like coloration of lateral stripe on rhothoeca, which Cope confused with this species Moxostoma collapsum (Cope 1870) flattened sidewise, referring to compressed body Moxostoma congestum (Baird & Girard 1854) dense or thick, probably referring to “short and contracted shape” Moxostoma duquesnei (Lesueur 1817) of Fort Duquesne (now Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA) on Ohio River, type locality Moxostoma erythrurum (Rafinesque 1818) erythros, red; oura, tailed, which accurately describes color of lower fins in some adults but not the yellowish tail Moxostoma hubbsi Legendre 1952 in honor of ichthyologist Carl L. Hubbs (1894-1979), author of a 1930 monograph on sucker classification, and who advised Legendre on sucker Moxostoma lacerum (Jordan & Brayton 1877) torn, referring to cleft lower lip Moxostoma lachneri Robins & Raney 1956 in honor of Ernest A. Lachner (1916-1996), Associate Curator of Fishes, U.S. National Museum, “who has added much to the knowledge of catostomid fishes” Moxostoma macrolepidotum (Lesueur 1817) macro-, long; lepida, scale, probably referring to how dark scale bases make scales appear larger than they are Moxostoma mascotae Regan 1907 of Río Mascota, type locality, Jalisco, México (also occurs in Nayarit) Moxostoma pappillosum (Cope 1870) referring to papillose (pimplelike) surface of lips Moxostoma pisolabrum Trautman & Martin 1951 pisum, pea; labrum, lip, referring to bulbous knob on tip of upper lip Moxostoma poecilurum Jordan 1877 poecilio, variegated; oura, tailed, referring to black and red caudal fin Moxostoma robustum (Cope 1870) full-bodied, referring to large size Moxostoma rupiscartes Jordan & Jenkins 1889 Latin transcription of vernacular name, jumprock: rupis, rock; skarthmos, jumper, inspired by Rupiscartes Swainson 6 · CYPRINIFORMES (part 1): Catostomidae · The ETYFish Project

1839 for a genus of blenniids (=Alticus) that “jump on rocks, like a lizard,” probably referring to the proclivity of some specimens to jump or break surface of water while spawning Moxostoma valenciennesi Jordan 1885 in honor of Achille Valenciennes (1794-1865), who described this sucker in 1844 but used a preoccupied name (Catostomus [=Carpiodes] carpio Rafinesque 1820) Pantosteus Cope 1875 pantos, all; osteo, bone, probably referring to “complete union of the parietal bones, which obliterates the fontanelle so universal among the suckers” Pantosteus bondi (Smith, Stewart & Carpenter 2013) in honor of the late Carl E. Bond (1920-2007), Oregon State University (Corvallis, Oregon, USA), for his many contributions to the science, conservation, and management of northwestern North American fishes Pantosteus clarkii (Baird & Girard 1854) in honor of John H. Clark (1830-1885), U.S. and Mexican Boundary Survey, who collected type Pantosteus discobolus discobolus (Cope 1871) diskos, disc; bolus, lump or morsel, probably referring to pendant-like upper lip Pantosteus discobolus jarrovii (Cope 1874) in honor of surgeon-naturalist Henry C. Yarrow (1840-1929), “whose zoological explorations in various portions of the United States have been productive of many interesting results,” including helping collect type of this species (often incorrectly spelled yarrowii; Cope latinized spelling of Yarrow’s name since y and w are absent in classical Latin) Pantosteus jordani Evermann 1893 in honor of teacher and friend (and ichthyological colleague) David Starr Jordan (1851-1931), President, Stanford University Pantosteus lahontan Rutter 1903 referring to occurrence in Lahontan Basin, California, USA, where it is endemic [originally misspelled lahonton, corrected spelling in prevailing usage] Pantosteus nebuliferus (Garman 1881) nebula, cloud; fero, carry or bear, referring to cloudy (darker) markings on body Pantosteus platyrhynchus (Cope 1874) platy, flat; rhynchus, snout, referring to “expanded and depressed muzzle” Pantosteus plebeius (Baird & Girard 1854) commonplace, referring to its (historical) abundance Pantosteus santaanae Snyder 1908 of the Santa Ana River, California, USA, type locality Pantosteus virescens Cope 1875 viridis, green; -escens, becoming, referring to olivaceous color in spirits, “decidedly green on the head” Thoburnia Jordan & Snyder 1917 -ia, belonging to: Wilbur Wilson Thoburn (1859-1899), who described T. rhothoeca and taught bionomics (ecology) at Stanford University (where Jordan was president) Thoburnia atripinnis (Bailey 1959) ater, black; pinna, fin, referring to dark blotch on dorsal fin Raney & Lachner 1946 in honor of the authors’ friend and teacher William J. Hamilton, Jr. (1902-1990), Cornell University vertebrate zoologist, “whose stimulating suggestions and assistance over a period of ten years have been invaluable” (Thoburn 1896) rhothos; torrent; eco, home, referring to its preference for swift water Xyrauchen Eigenmann & Kirsch 1889 xyron, razor; auchen, nape, referring to sharp dorsal keel Xyrauchen texanus (Abbott 1860) -anus, belonging to: Texas (does not occur in Texas; Abbott apparently confused Colorado River of Arizona, USA [type locality] with the Colorado River of Texas)