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Debian: a Linux Based Operating System for All Purposes

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KELPRO Silver Jubilee Souvenir - 2018 Debian: A Linux based operating system for all purposes Vimal Kumar V. Technical Assistant, Mahatma Gandhi University Library, Kottayam, Kerala [email protected] Introduction The name Debian coined by blending the first Linux Operating System became popular name of his then-girlfriend Debra Lynn and the among computer users at the end of the 1990s. first name of Ian Murdock (“A Brief History Many developing countries have adopted of Debian,” 2017). Three versions of Debian Linux operating system for education and available; Old Stable, Stable and Experimental. e-governance to avoid the financial burden of The stable release of the operating system comes proprietary software. The advent of Ubuntu out every two years. The old Stable release is as a user-friendly Linux changed the history the previous version. The experimental release of Linux Desktop. With this, even home users is the testing version of the Debian release. The started to install and use the Linux Operating Debian project follows both the numbering System on desktop and laptop computers. scheme and the code name for all releases. The Debian Linux project (https://www.debian. code names borrowed from popular Toy Story org/) is a community-owned project and series of films (“Debian releases and names,” follows the principles of Free and Open Source 2018). For example, Debian version 9 released software (FOSS). Modern and popular Linux in 2017 and its code name is ‘Stretch’. Raul operating systems like Ubuntu derived from Silva designed the Debian “swirl” logo in Debian project (“Debian derivatives,” 2018). 1999. Many popular Linux distributions had Debian project is unique among other Linux derived from the Debian project. The popular projects because of its extensive community Ubuntu Linux inspired from Debian project. support, large package repositories and free As per the Distro Watch website, 143 active project management style. Besides, Debian Debian derivatives(“Debian,” 2018). Debian Linux possesses a lot of useful features suitable package repositories contain 51000 application for both new and expert user groups. packages(“Reasons to Choose Debian,” 2017), An overview of Debian Linux it means that users can make available software The Debian project initiated by Ian for any purpose. Murdock on August 1993. The first release of Availability of installation images the operating system rolled out in January 1994. Users can download installation images Kerala Library Professionals’ Organisation (KELPRO) - 69 - KELPRO Silver Jubilee Souvenir - 2018 support a range of hardware architecture like is convenient for users to try Linux without amd64, arm64, i386 etc. The availability of installation. Live DVD images available with a installation images suitable for different types range of desktops like cinnamon, gnome, KDE, of hardware architecture is helpful for both MATE, LXDE, Xfce. The standard installer of Linux geeks and ordinary people. Debian offers Debian image available with two desktops; more options for Linux geeks to play and try. Xfce and LXDE. Debian offers Linux images Users can select and try multiple desktops. with various desktop environments from the Institutions and home users can use Debian single project. Ubuntu maintains the stand- with any computers; server, desktop, and alone projects for other desktop environments; laptop. Debian is suitable to use with hardware Xubuntu, Lubuntu, Ubuntu MATE etc. with old/light architecture (e.g. i386, ARM). Installation of Debian Debian download images are available for Installation is the hard nut to crack for online and offline installation. Users having a Linux beginners. Text or expert mode installer poor Internet connection can choose CD/DVD is one of the prime reason that keeps away image for installation. CD and DVD images newbies from Linux. Partition of the hard contain a desktop with essential applications disk is very confusing for Linux beginners. for users. The standard CD and DVD images The earlier versions of Debian followed text of Debian offer applications for day to day mode installation. The graphical installer is computing purposes like an office suite, available with the recent releases of Debian. media player, image burner etc. ‘Netinst’ (Net The graphical installer of Debian Linux has Installer) image is suitable for Debian users with reduced the difficulty of the installation process the excellent Internet connection. Net installer to a great extent. Beginners may feel that the images are bare-bones, and which contains installation process of Debian is not smooth standard Debian programs. The convenience like Ubuntu Linux. Ubuntu has automated the of the net installer image is that the user can partition process while installing Linux along install Debian Linux from scratch including with another operating system (Dual Boot). desktop environments (e.g. GNOME, MATE, The Ubiquity installer assigns and creates disk XFCE) and applications. partition for Ubuntu without disturbing the Debian installation images can be download default operating system. using different methods like HTTP, FTP, Diverse desktops environments BitTorrent, jigdo. Download servers available Debian offers all modern desktop from various countries and fast download is environments, and users can download the possible. Debian CD and DVD can be bought desired installation images. The desktops of from vendors. Debian available without any customisations Standard images of Debian contain only (bare-bones). Linux desktop facilitates Linux installer. Live install images are also graphical interface for users including available for download. Live DVD of Linux - 70 - Kerala Library Professionals’ Organisation (KELPRO) KELPRO Silver Jubilee Souvenir - 2018 application launcher, file manager, panel, can select Debian Linux with an ideal desktop menu, widgets and other goodies. Desktop environment to power up the computer. environment increases the user-friendliness Consider lightweight desktop environments of Linux Operating System. Specific Linux like LXDE and XFCE to work with low-end Desktop environments resemble Microsoft computers. Debian Linux has no server edition, Windows graphical interface, and such and the user can install the core packages with desktops are suitable for new Linux users or without a desktop environment. familiar with the Windows operating system. Libraries in developed and developing Users can download Debian Live DVD images countries have been switching to Free/Open with Cinnamon, GNOME, KDE, LXDE, Source software and a significant portion MATE, XFCE desktop environments. Each of the market occupied by Open Source desktop environments consume the different software(Breeding, 2017). Library-specific quantity of computing resources; processor Open Source software prefer Linux operating power and memory. LXDE and XFCE desktop system mainly Debian/Ubuntu. Open Source belongs to the lightweight category and software running on the Linux operating system suitable to work on low profile computers. reduces total cost ownership of the software Lightweight Linux is ideal for reviving old implementation. computers or new computers with low profile Conclusion processors like Intel Celeron, Pentium, Atom Free and Open Source software offers a lot series processors(Stieben, 2016). Debian Linux of choices for users. User community should adds desktop environments without many be aware of the features of the projects to enjoy customisations, and so they can offer excellent the best of the Free and Open Source software. performance. For example, considerable Debian Linux project is one of the examples differences in performance between Debian of community participation in operating system MATE and Ubuntu MATE. Ubuntu MATE development. The project could successfully roll comes with bells and whistles to add the out stable Linux operating systems and provide attractiveness of desktop(Bhartiya, 2014), long-term community support. The advantage (Ubuntu MATE Team, 2018). Debian offers the of Debian is that it offers compatibility with a vanilla flavour of the MATE Desktop and faster wide range of computing devices like a server, than Ubuntu MATE. Debian user can install desktop, workstation, laptop, embedded system and accommodate other revolutionary desktops and mobile device. like Enlightenment. Debian Linux has not received much Areas of use attention from the user community due to Debian is suitable to use for personal and the lack of promotion. Ubuntu Linux derived production purposes. Debian installer images from Debian project and received much can be used to install on laptops, desktops, acceptance from all range of users from workstations, and server computer. The user corporate, academic and professionals. Debian Kerala Library Professionals’ Organisation (KELPRO) - 71 - KELPRO Silver Jubilee Souvenir - 2018 Linux opens up more space for customisation Debian derivatives. (2018). Retrieved May and innovation for experts and users. Debian 22, 2018, from: https://www.debian.org/ follows a strict release schedule and ensures a derivatives/ stable distribution of Linux (Wallen, 2018). Debian releases and names. (2018). References Retrieved May 22, 2018, from: https://www. A Brief History of Debian. (2017). Retrieved electrictoolbox.com/debian-release-names/ May 22, 2018, from: https://www.debian. Reasons to Choose Debian. (2017). Retrieved org/doc/manuals/project-history/ch-detailed. May 22, 2018, from: https://www.debian.org/ en.html intro/why_debian Bhartiya,
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