Pineapple Research Station, Vazhakulam Research And
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Vazhakulam, Muvattupuzha Web: www.kau.edu/prsvkm, http://prsvkm.tripod.com Tel. &Fax: PINEAPPLE RESEARCH STATION Email KERALA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY : [email protected], , Ernakulam District, Kerala, Ernakulam District, 0485 - 2260832, Mobile: 9446010905 prsvkm@gmail. - 686 670 com 2012-13 Dr. P. P. Joy Research and Development Report Research and Development Report PINEAPPLE RESEARCH STATION VAZHAKULAM Annual Research and Development Report for 2012-13 (01.04.2012 to 31.03.2013) Dr. P.P. JOY Associate Professor & Head Technical Support Anjana R., Soumya K.K., Sherin C. George, Prince Jose, Jasna V., Justin T. Jose KERALA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY PINEAPPLE RESEARCH STATION Vazhakulam, Muvattupuzha, Ernakulam District, Kerala, PIN-686 670 Tel. & Fax: 0485-2260832, Mobile: 9446010905 Email: [email protected], [email protected] Web: www.kau.edu/prsvkm, http://prsvkm.tripod.com 31.03.2013 Annual Research and Development Report for 2012-13 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Pineapple Research Station, Vazhakulam aims to become the ultimate authority and provider of excellent quality technology, products and services in pineapple and other tropical fruit crops through concerted research and development efforts sustained by best human resource and infrastructure development in line with its Motto ‘Quality People & Infrastructure for Quality Technology, Products & Services and Merit alone counts for Quality suitable for the purpose’. The research and development efforts are fine tuned to this effect. Protocols for the micropropagation of pineapple and banana have been standardized. Production of tissue culture pineapple is continued. Tissue culture production of banana is augmented. Micro propagation of pineapple such as MD-2, Kew and banana such as Nendran, Red Banana & Poovan were done. Media standardization experiments were carried out in banana. MD-2 and Kew were multiplied in MS+4mg/lBA+1mg/l NAA. MD-2 rooting media was redefined to MS+1mg/IBA+1mg/l NAA media. Planting materials in the form of seedlings, TC plants and rooted cuttings were mass produced and sold out. Diagnostic team visits were conducted. Pest and disease samples of station field, nursery, tissue culture lab and of farmers were studied. Plant Health Releases were done to get suggestions from resource persons. In the field study ‘Selection of high yielding superior quality pineapple variety for central zone of Kerala in PTD mode’ 11 pineapple types are being evaluated in RBD with 3 replications. Growth, yield and quality observations recorded are presented. Mauritius and MD-2 varieties are showing good results. In the study ‘Breeding for Yield and Quality of Pineapple’ to develop pineapple varieties suitable for processing and table purpose through hybridization, the progenies were shortlisted based on fruit weight and brix value and 186 superior plants were selected, replanted and being evaluated. Yield and quality observations recorded are presented. The externally aided project on ‘Evaluation of passion fruit types for commercial cultivation in Kerala’ at a total cost of Rs.12.55 lakh for 3 years sanctioned by Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Environment to identify a high yielding superior quality passion fruit variety for commercial cultivation in Kerala is in the first year of implementation involving land preparation, experimental layout, pandal preparation, preparation of planting materials, planting and crop management (shading, irrigation, manuring, plant protection, training on pandal, pollination, etc). Growth, yield and quality observations are being recorded. A Project Proposal under Pineapple Mission entitled ‘Development of Pineapple Sector in Kerala in Mission Mode’ at a budget of Rs. 137.8 lakh for 3 years was submitted to the Government of Kerala through the Director of Extension, Kerala Agricultural University on 28.07.2012 with the objective of To boost the production and productivity of superior quality GI registered Vazhakulam pineapple in Kerala through comprehensive multi-pronged integrated approach in mission mode. A development plan of research station was submitted to University, Agricultural Minister, Revenue Minister, Collector of Ernakulam, Sri. Joseph Vazhakkan, MLA, Muvattupuzha, District Panchayath President and Block Panchayath President. Earnest efforts are taken to obtain free revenue land as research farm for the station. Pineapple Research Station, Vazhakulam prepared its Vision 2030 wherein it visualizes to be Tropical Fruit Crops Research Station (TFCRS) in the near future. The advanced research centre of excellence dreams to be the ultimate authority and provider of excellent quality technology, products and services in fruit crops through concerted research and development efforts sustained by best human resources and infrastructure development. Student projects are also undertaken at the station. Pest and disease problems of 50 farmers were attended to during last year. The management problems faced by pineapple farmers are regularly attended by visiting fields, in person, seminars, through telephones, emails etc. Extension activities are mainly done in association with the Pineapple Farmers’ Association. The websites of the station www.kau.edu/prsvkm and prsvkm.tripod.com were updated with more relevant and useful information for the public. Joy P. P. 2013. Pineapple Research Station (Kerala Agricultural University), Vazhakulam-686 670, Muvattupuzha, Ernakulam, Kerala Tel.: 0485-2260832, 9446010905; Email: [email protected], [email protected]; Web: www.kau.edu/prsvkm, http://prsvkm.tripod.com Annual Research and Development Report for 2012-13 4 CONTENTS Page A. STATION AT A GLANCE 6 B. ONGOING PROJECTS 9 C. DETAILED RESEARCH REPORT 10 1. RESEARCH ON PINEAPPLE 10 1.1 Micropropagation 10 1.1.1 Micropropagation Of MD-2 10 1.1.1.1 Comparison of callus induction of MD-2 Sucker with MD-2 Crown 10 1.1.1.2 Rooting Efficiency Of MD-2 shoots 13 1.1.2 Micropropagation Of Kew 16 1.2 Selection of High Yielding Superior Quality Pineapple Variety for Central Zone of Kerala in PTD mode 20 1.2.1 Shelf Life Studies of Pineapple Variety MD-2 33 1.3 Breeding for Yield and Quality of Pineapple 35 1.3.1 Evaluation of Shortlisted pineapple hybrid lines 35 1.4 Plant Protection Studies 40 1.4.1 Efforts for Maintaining Contamination Free Tissue Culture Lab and 40 Nursery 1.4.1.1 Identification of Tissue Culture Contaminations 41 1.4.1.1.1 Identification of fungal contaminations in plant tissue culture 41 laboratory 1.4.1.1.2 Identification of bacterial contaminations in plant tissue culture 45 laboratory 1.4.1.2 Identification of Contaminations in Nursery 47 1.4.1.2.1 Potting Mixture Analysis of Passion Fruit Roof Top Nursery 47 1.4.1.2.2 Identification of fungal pathogen in soil samples through serial 48 dilution technique 1.4.2 Identification of Pathogens from Diseased Plants 51 1.4.2.1 Isolation and identification of pathogen for white leaf spot disease in 51 Pineapple 1.4.3 Bacteriological Analysis of Water Sample from Tissue Culture Lab 52 1.4.4 Antifungal Sensitivity Tests 53 1.4.4.1 Response of the fungi Cercospora spp. to different fungicides with 53 varying concentrations Joy P. P. 2013. Pineapple Research Station (Kerala Agricultural University), Vazhakulam-686 670, Muvattupuzha, Ernakulam, Kerala Tel.: 0485-2260832, 9446010905; Email: [email protected], [email protected]; Web: www.kau.edu/prsvkm, http://prsvkm.tripod.com Annual Research and Development Report for 2012-13 5 1.4.5 Effect of Copper sulphate (CuSO .5H O) on Candida spp. isolated from 4 2 55 the rotted pineapple sample 1.4.6 Plant Health Clinic Releases 56 1.4.7 Diagnostic Team visits 58 2. RESEARCH ON PASSION FRUIT 59 2.1 Study on germination and seed viability of passion fruit seedlings 59 2.2 Study on the effect of nodal length on the rooting of purple passion fruit 61 stem cuttings 2.3 KSCSTE Project: Evaluation of Passion fruit types for commercial 63 cultivation in Kerala 3. RESEARCH ON BANANA 73 3.1 Media Standardization for the Promotion of Multiplication of Banana 73 4. MASS PRODUCTION & SALE 76 5. EXTENSION ACTIVITIES 78 5.1 Trainings Attended 78 5.2 Training Programmes Organized 79 5.3 Media Coverage 80 5.4 Publications 80 5.5 New Project Proposal 81 6. VISITORS 82 7. APPENDICES 86 7.1 Diseases of pineapple (Ananas comosus): pathogen, symptoms, infection, 86 spread & management 7.2 Diseases of passion fruit (Passiflora edulis): pathogen, symptoms, 100 infection, spread & management 7.3 Insect pests of passion fruit (Passiflora edulis): hosts, damage, natural 116 enemies and control 7.4 Fruits, benefits, processing, preservation and pineapple recipes 129 7.5 Protocol for micropropagation of pineapple (MD-2) 149 7.6 Protocol for micropropagation of banana 153 7.7 Basic fruit analysis of pineapple: a laboratory manual 159 7.8 Recent trends in biology 167 7.9 Development of pineapple sector in Kerala in mission mode 188 7.10 Bill var expenditure details of Pineapple Research Station, Vazhakulam 198 for 2012-13 Joy P. P. 2013. Pineapple Research Station (Kerala Agricultural University), Vazhakulam-686 670, Muvattupuzha, Ernakulam, Kerala Tel.: 0485-2260832, 9446010905; Email: [email protected], [email protected]; Web: www.kau.edu/prsvkm, http://prsvkm.tripod.com Annual Research and Development Report for 2012-13 6 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT REPORT OF PINEAPPLE RESEARCH STATION, VAZHAKULAM FOR 2012-2013 A. STATION AT A GLANCE The Pineapple Research Station at Vazhakulam was established on 2nd January 1995 to give research and development support to pineapple farmers. Since then, this research centre of the Kerala Agricultural University has been steadily growing and serving as a subvention to the pineapple growers of the state and the country as well. The centre had a humble beginning as “Pineapple Research Station & Pest and disease Surveillance Unit” under Kerala Horticulture Development Programme (KHDP). For the construction of the office-cum-laboratory building of the station, 15 cents of land was transferred from the Revenue Department to Kerala Agricultural University on 24.6.1996. It was delinked from KHDP and became a constituent research centre of Kerala Agricultural University under central zone on 1.7.1997.