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Management Indicator Species of the Kaibab National Forest: Population Status and Trends Version 2.0 2008

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Management Indicator Species of the Kaibab National Forest: Population Status and Trends Version 2.0 2008 Management Indicator Species of the Kaibab National Forest: Population Status and Trends Version 2.0 2008 Pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) Photo by Corbis Historic Ponderosa Pine Forest , 1914 Photo by Gus Pearson Hairy Woodpecker (Picoides villosus) Photo by J. R. Woodward Sonefly (Pteronarcyidae sp.) Photo by Milton Rand/Tom Stack & Associates Red Squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris) Photo by John Koprowski Current Ponderosa Pine Forest , 1999 Photo by Tom Bean Prepared by: Kristin Bratland, Wildlife Biologist, Kaibab National Forest, Supervisor’s Office Bill Noble, Forest Biologist, Kaibab National Forest, Supervisor’s Office Roger Joos, Wildlife Biologist, Kaibab National Forest, Supervisor’s Office 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS MANAGEMENT INDICATOR SPECIES .................................................................................................4 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................... 4 Regulatory Background ........................................................................................................................ 4 National Directives........................................................................................................................................... 4 Kaibab National Forest’s Forest Plan............................................................................................................. 5 Management Indicator Species............................................................................................................. 7 Overview of Management Indicator Species ................................................................................................... 7 Kaibab National Forest’s Management indicator Species.............................................................................. 8 Management Indicator Species Population Estimates.........................................................................10 Overview ......................................................................................................................................................... 10 Population Trend Assessment Sources.......................................................................................................... 12 BREEDING BIRD SURVEYS AND BIRD CONSERVATION REGIONS .............................................................. 12 KAIBAB NATIONAL FOREST LANDBIRD SURVEYS .................................................................................... 16 NATURESERVE RANKS ............................................................................................................................. 16 ARIZONA GAME AND FISH DEPARTMENT ANNUAL SUMMARY REPORT ................................................... 17 SPECIES ACCOUNTS............................................................................................................................. 18 Aquatic Macroinvertebrates ............................................................................................................... 18 Cinnamon Teal.................................................................................................................................... 21 Northern Goshawk.............................................................................................................................. 26 Hairy Woodpecker .............................................................................................................................. 33 Lincoln’s Sparrow............................................................................................................................... 39 Lucy’s Warbler ................................................................................................................................... 43 Juniper Titmouse................................................................................................................................. 47 Pygmy Nuthatch.................................................................................................................................. 52 Mexican Spotted Owl .......................................................................................................................... 56 Wild Turkey......................................................................................................................................... 62 Red-Naped Sapsucker ......................................................................................................................... 65 Yellow-Breasted Chat ......................................................................................................................... 70 Elk....................................................................................................................................................... 75 Mule Deer ........................................................................................................................................... 77 Pronghorn........................................................................................................................................... 81 Red Squirrel ........................................................................................................................................ 85 Tassel-Eared Squirrel ......................................................................................................................... 87 Arizona Bugbane................................................................................................................................. 91 HABITAT TRENDS ON THE KAIBAB NATIONAL FOREST ...........................................................93 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 93 VEGETATION COVER TYPE ......................................................................................................................... 94 Changes in Management Direction .................................................................................................... 95 Ponderosa Pine Cover Type ............................................................................................................... 98 Gambel Oak ...................................................................................................................................... 105 Mixed Conifer/Spruce Fir Cover Types ............................................................................................105 Snags in Coniferous Forests ............................................................................................................. 108 Aspen Cover Type ............................................................................................................................. 111 Grasslands ........................................................................................................................................ 113 Pinyon-Juniper Woodlands Cover Type ........................................................................................... 137 RIPARIAN ASSOCIATIONS .......................................................................................................................... 147 Riparian Associations: High Elevation Riparian............................................................................. 151 Riparian Association: Freshwater Marshes ..................................................................................... 153 Riparian Associations: Open Water Habitat .................................................................................... 155 Stopover Ecology of Migratory Landbirds and the Oasis Theory .................................................... 156 Management Indicator Species for Riparian Associations ............................................................... 157 2 LITERATURE CITED.............................................................................................................................160 Appendices Appendix 1: Common northern goshawk prey in the Southwest Appendix 2: Kaibab National Forest’s MIS trend analyses using Breeding Bird Surveys Appendix 3: Species detections by habitat type from Kaibab National Forest surveys Appendix 4: Arizona Game and Fish Department Game Management Units 3 Management Indicator Species INTRODUCTION This report provides information about management indicator species (MIS) for the Kaibab National Forest (KNF) in northern Arizona. It also includes a description of the status and trends of the major habitat types on the KNF. This report is intended to be used for regulatory, planning, and public education purposes. It is considered a “living document” which allows the KNF to update specific sections of the report as new science becomes available. In calendar year 2007 the MIS portion of the document was updated. It is expected that the habitat portion will soon be updated as well. Regulatory Background National Directives The USDA Forest Service is charged with managing all renewable resources, including wildlife, on National Forest lands. This obligation was enacted by Congress and set forth in the National Forest Management Act (NFMA) of 1976. As a federal law, the NFMA is the primary statute governing the administration of National Forests. The Forest Service first promulgated regulations implementing NFMA in September, 1979, and subsequently revised them in 1982 (known as the 1982 Rule). The 1976 legislation requires the Secretary
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