Psychological Problem of Dexter Morgan Character in the Novel Darkly Dreaming Dexter; Psychoanalysis Approach
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PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEM OF DEXTER MORGAN CHARACTER IN THE NOVEL DARKLY DREAMING DEXTER; PSYCHOANALYSIS APPROACH A Thesis Submitted to Letters and Humanities Faculty In Partial Fulfillment of the requirement for The Degree of Strata One Intan Baiduri 108026000087 ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF ADAB AND HUMANITIES STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA 2015 ABSTRACT Intan Baiduri, Psychological Problem of Dexter Morgan Character in the Novel Darkly Dreaming Dexter; Psychoanalysis Approach. Thesis: English Letters Departement, Adab and Humanities Faculty, State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta 2015. This research studies about Darkly Dreaming Dexter novel by Jeff Lindsay in 2004. The writer focuses on Dexter Morgan as a main character by using Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalysis theory. Firstly the writer analyzes about the characteristic of Dexter, and then analyzes about the psychological problem from the concept of Sexual Stage Development and Structure Personality id, ego, and superego of the main character in the novel. The writer uses qualitative method and descriptive analysis technique to analyze the novel. The writer also does some procedures to do this research, such as reading the novel itself, marking the text that relied to the problem, exploring the main character, read many theories which appropriate with the novel and then analyzing and understanding the story. Based on the research, the writer finds that the main character suffers from neurosis disorder, namely Post-traumatic Syndrome that turn him into murderer which are caused by his traumatic experience and the pain in his childhood. His psychosexual development is disrupted in his early age. He has witnessed his mother get murdered in front of his eyes, he sit locked amongst puddles of bloods for two and a half days without given enough food and drink. Although he does not remember the event, but since that his life changed. His psyche is disordered because his three parts of structure personality , id, ego, and superego, does not work properly. In this story the main character tries to overcome the trauma. Therefore, his ego makes some defense mechanism such as; Repression, Displacement, Sublimation, Intellectualization, and Rationalization. His ego makes usage of many defense mechanisms to help him cure his psychological problem. i DECLARATION I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, it contains no material previously published or written by another person nor material which to a substantial extent has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma of the university or other institute of higher learning, except where due acknowledgement has been made in the text. Jakarta, July 2015 Intan Baiduri iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT In the name of Allah, The most Gracious, The most Merciful All praises be to Allah SWT., the lord of the universe. Alhamdulillah, with His fabulous guidance, the writer would to be gradeful to Allah because the writer accomplish the fluent process in every step of making this thesis. Peace and blessing are dilivered to the most honorable prophet Muhammad SAW, his families, friends, and followers. The writer would like to say her gratitude to: 1. Prof. Dr. Sukron Kamil, M. Ag, the Dean of Adab and Humanities Faculty, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University. 2. Dr. M. Farkhan, M. Pd, the Head of English Letters Department. 3. Drs. Asep Saefuddin, M. Pd, the Head Secretary of English Letters Department. 4. Elve Oktafiyani, M. Hum, the Vice Secretary of the English Letters Department, and she also the writer’s advisor thank you very much and much for her time, advices, suggestions, support, and patience in finishing this thesis. 5. The writer’s parents: Sanukri and Maryamah, who always give support in financial or material, and pray to the writer in completing this thesis. Her lovely siblings, Diaz Eko Rama Firdaus, Indi Ariestamaya for your help, support and pray. Her cousin Ihda Ihsaniah thank you for support and help. and her big families. v 6. Rayi Raspati who always there cheering her up, thank you for your support, help, encourage her with best wishes, and stand by her through the good times and bad. 7. All her friends, the students of class C 2008 and Literature class for being her classmates especially Fitri Shaura, Nurlaila, Siti Mawadah, Nadia, Suci Wulandari, Mahesa Julia, Nuris Zuliastanti, Irma Amelia.Thanks for both joy and sorrow. Rika Fauziah, Kharisma Chima, Nur Aishah Fahmi, Tyas, Ina Mutmaina for struggling with her. Firman Hakim, Tubagus Satriyadi thanks for your help. 8. And all people who helped the writer to finish this thesis that cannot be mentioned one by one. Thank you for their kindness. May Allah bless for the success. Jakarta, July 2015 The writer vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................................... i APPROVEMENT .............................................................................. ....... ii LEGALIZATION ......................................................................................................... iii DECLARATION ........................................................................................................... iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................................. v TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................... vii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION .......................................................................... 1 A. Background of the Study ............................................................................. 1 B. Focus of the Research ................................................................................. 4 C. Research Question ....................................................................................... 5 D. Significant of the Research .......................................................................... 5 E. Methodology of Research ........................................................................... 5 1. Method of Research ................................................................................ 5 2. Objective of the Research........................................................................5 3. Data Analysis .......................................................................................... 5 4. Instrument of Research ........................................................................... 6 5. Unit of Analysis ...................................................................................... 6 6. Place and Time of the Research ............................................................. 6 CHAPTER II THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK ............................................... 7 vii A. Character and Characterization .................................................................... 7 B. Sigmund Freud’s of Psychonalysis Theory ................................................ 10 CHAPTER III RESEARCH FINDINGS .......................................................... 24 A. Character Analysis .................................................................................... 24 B. Dexter and his Psychological Problem ..................................................... 29 CHAPTER IV. CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS A. Conclusions ............................................................................................... 39 B. Suggestions ................................................................................................ 40 BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................... 42 APPENDICES ..................................................................................................... 44 viii CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study Novel is a work fiction in which the imagination and the intellect are combined to express life in the form of story; and the imagination is always be directed and controlled by the intellect. 1 It aims to show the motives and influences which govern human life and the effects of personal choice upon character and destiny. Through a novel, people can learn many things. There are what message that the writer wants to deliver, how the actors on the novel solve their problem and how to see human character generally. The length of a novel is about seventy to hundred pages. A novel should have certain mass to qualify the title.2 There must be a strong relationship between the contents and the title because a little can be interested for the reader. The problems or issues of novel determine from its theme. Many aspects of life become story theme in a number of literary works, for example psychology. The behavior of human relates to psychological aspects. Specifically, the reality of psychology can be seen from any psychological phenomena which are suffered by human being when they respond or make a reaction toward themselves and surrounding. Novel and Psychoanalysis have relationship and both of them correlate each other. Novel is a medium to describe Psychoanalysis topics that contains 1 William J. Long, English Literature, (Boston: Ginn and Company, 1909, p. 341. 2 David Mikics, A New Handbook of Literary Terms, (London: Yale University Press, 2007), p. 209 1 2 development of the life cycles, family life and human personality. Psychoanalysis is one of the approaches to find the unconsciousness of the