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Grundlagen Der EDV Version: 1 Standardsoftware - 1 / 2 - Standardsoftware. Unter Standardsoftware an einem PC versteht man Anwendungsprogramme mit breitem Verwendungsspek- trum: • Textverarbeitung (ohne PC benutzte man früher Schreibmaschine und Bilder wurden eingeklebt). • Tabellenkalkulation (ohne PC benutzte man früher Zahlenkolonnen auf kariertem Papier, Taschenrechner und Zeichnungen aus den Daten erstellte man auf Millimeterpapier). • Präsentationsprogramme (ohne PC benutzte man früher Overhead Folien und Dias). • Bildbearbeitung (ohne PC retuschierte man früher Fotos und erstellte Zeichnungen). • Desktop Publishing - DTP (ohne PC benutzte man früher Fotos, Zeichnungen, Textzettel, Schere, Klebstoff). • Computer Aided Design - CAD (ohne PC erstellte man früher Zeichnungen am Reißbrett). Auswahl verbreiteter Programmpakete. Textverarbeitung: Desktop Publishing (DTP): • Adobe Acrobat • InDesign (Adobe) • Abiword, Jarte (beides Open Source) • Publisher (MS Office Pro) • Lotus Word Pro (IBM) • QuarkXPress (Quark) • Apache OpenOffice.org Writer • RagTime (RagTime) darauf basiert OxygenOffice Professional Writer • Scribus (Open Source) (beides Open Source) • LibreOffice Writer (Open Source) Bildbearbeitung (Pixel): • Textmaker (SoftMaker) • Adobe Photoshop • Word (Microsoft) • Corel Painter • WordPerfect (Corel) • Gimp (Open Source) • Paint Shop (Corel) Tabellenkalkulation: • Paint.NET (Open Source) • Excel (Microsoft) Bei Pixelgrafiken setzt sich ein Bild aus • Lotus 1-2-3 (IBM) vielen Punkten in einem Raster zusam- • Apache OpenOffice.org Calc men. darauf basiert OxygenOffice Professional Calc (beides Open Source) Bildbearbeitung (Vektor): • LibreOffice Calc (Open Source) • Adobe Illustrator • PlanMaker (SoftMaker) • CorelDRAW • Quattro Pro (Corel) • Inkscape (Open Source) • Apache OpenOffice.org Draw Präsentationsprogramme: darauf basiert OxygenOffice Professional Draw • Lotus Freelance Graphics (IBM) (beides Open Source) • Apache OpenOffice.org Impress • LibreOffice Draw (Open Source) darauf basiert OxygenOffice Professional Impress • Visio (Microsoft) (beides Open Source) Bei Vektorgrafiken sind nur Eckpunkte • LibreOffice Impress (Open Source) von Linien, Mittelpunkt und Radius von Kreisen usw. definiert. • PowerPoint (Microsoft) • Presentations (Corel) Computer Aided Design (CAD) für allgemeine Anwen- • Presentations (SoftMaker) dungen: • AutoCAD (Autodesk) • CorelCAD (auch für Mac) • FreeCAD (3-D, Open Source, auch für Mac) • LibreCAD (2-D, Open Source, auch für Mac) • MegaCAD (Megatech) • TurboCAD (IMSI-CAD) VL VTM-B/TTB (BHT): Grundlagen der EDV Version: 1. April 2014 Dr. J. Kubiak - [email protected] Standardsoftware - 2 / 2 - Office Pakete: • OpenOffice.org u. darauf basiert OxygenOffice Profes- • Calligra Suite (Open Source, auch für Mac) sional (beides Open Source, auch für Mac) • Corel Office und Corel WordPerfect Office • LibreOffice (Open Source, von OpenOffice.org abgespalten, auch • iWork (Apple) für Mac) • Lotus SmartSuite (IBM) Kommerzieller Support Fa. Collabora • Microsoft Office • NeoOffice (Planamesa Inc. - nur für Mac) • SoftMaker Office Einige Unterschiede zwischen Textverarbeitung und Desktop Publishing. Bei Textverarbeitungssoftware ... Bei Desk Top Publishing Software ... • wird Text in der Regel in den Schreibbereich zwi- schen den Seitenrändern eingegeben. ◦ Es gibt auch hier Textrahmen, die aber nur rechte- ckig und nicht verbunden sind. Auch gibt es kein Grundlinienraster oder optischen Randausgleich. • wird in der Regel hauptsächlich nur das RGB Farb- • muss auch Text immer in Container oder Objekte modell berücksichtigt (in Druckereien wird nach dem eingegeben werden (es gibt keinen Schreibbereich CMYK Farbmodell gearbeitet). auf den Seiten). • stehen für den Dateiexport von Druckvorstufen ◦ Textcontainer können verbunden werden, sodaß kaum geeignete Dateiformate zur Verfügung, evtl. all- Text von einem Container (hier blau) in einen ande- gemein PDF (Portable Document Format). ren (hier rot) läuft, wenn im vorigen Container kein ◦ Die eigenen Dateiformate der Textverarbeitungspro- Platz mehr vorhanden ist. gramme gewährleisten nicht, daß an einer anderen ◦ Ein Grundlinienraster sorgt dafür, daß alle Textzei- Arbeitsstation das entworfene Layout genauso (mil- len in den Containern auf gleicher entsprechender limetergenau) aussieht, wie bei der Erstellung. Eine Höhe liegen. Rolle spielen u.a. die installierten Schriftarten, das ◦ Es gibt mehrere Ebenen, sodaß Texte in tiefer lie- Druckermodell, die Druckerauflösung u.v.m. genden Containern darüber liegende Container um- fließen (hier gelb). ◦ Ein optischer Randausgleich für bessere Lesbar- keit sorgt an den seitlichen Schreibkanten dafür, daß nicht alle Buchstaben genau an der Schreib- kante enden. • lassen sich für die Druckvorstufe Farbprofile für Mo- nitor- und Druckertypen einbinden, sodaß immer die Farben gleich dargestellt werden können. Für den Druck beherrscht die Software das CMYK Farbmo- dell. • stehen für den Dateiexport von Druckvorstufen di- verse geeignete Dateiformate zur Verfügung wie AI (Adobe InDesign), EPS (Encapsulated Postscript) oder PDF/X (Portable Document Format Variante, die speziell in Druckereibetrieben verbreitet ist). VL VTM-B/TTB (BHT): Grundlagen der EDV Version: 1. April 2014 Dr. J. Kubiak - [email protected].
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