Enlightenments from Meissen Porcelain to Ni Xing Pottery Brand

2013 International Conference on Advances in Social Science, Humanities, and Management (ASSHM 2013)

Shao Qiang Ning1,Jun Na Wang2

1Guangxi Normal University School of Design, Guilin, Guangxi, China， [email protected], 2Guangxi Polytechnic of Construction, Nanning, Guangxi, China, [email protected] Abstract the seventeenth century of the August II Period, a chemist named John Frederick Meis-sen Porcelain, as the world-top ce- Botoger made a thing called "Boteger ramic brand and the number one brand in Porcelain Pot" by the latters out of clay Germany which is praised as “the mother and red basalt wacke. It was hard and was of European china” , is strongly influ- not pottery, not porcelain, not rock, ei- enced by Chinese porcelain.Depending ther.It laid the foundation of the appear- on imitation and development, creative ance of Meissen Porcelain . Later, Bo- designing, strict management and up-to- geler made a white and transparent con- date sale, it has created glorious history tainer out of 7 kinds of materials at Jan. and culture, rank-ing the most famous 15th 1708 after thousands of trials.That porcelain brand worldwide. Nixing pot- was the rudiment of Meissen Porcelain . tery today to change the present situation of the product without brand should learn from meisen porcelain brand setting up According to the Qin County Annauls: experience, set up their own brands. the Qinzhou pottery was invented before Tang Dynasty and became more delicate in Tang.Because of the change of wars Keywords: Meissen Porcelain, Ni Xing and governments, the production of Qin- Pottery, Brand, Comparison, Enlighten- zhou pottery kept a balance in producing ment and selling. By the end of Qing Dynasty and the beginning of Republican period, 1. The relationship between Meissen opium came to China and Ni Xing pottery Porcelain and Ni Xing Pottery developed for producing smoking pipies.Except for pipes, it also produced teapots, stationary and goods for appreci- characteristics were spotless,mildness ation. The products sold to more than half and brightness, led the European courts to of China and countries in Southeast Asia abandon the heavy golden and silve though Vietnam.In 1915, Ni Xing Pottery wares. Using Chinese porcelain became a went abroad for the first time to partici- trend as well as a symbol of wealth profit pate in the World Exhibition in Panama, made European people desperate about San Francisco ,U.S. And won the gold the secret of porcelain production.In the prize. ( Fig. 1) It was called the "Four sixteenth century, Italy produced " Meis- most famous pottery" in China together sen porcelain", in the seventeenth century, France produced "glazed porcelain". In

Pottery uses the raw material Zini Pottery with Zisha Pottery in Yixing, Rongchang produced in Qinzhou, which comes from Pottery in Sichuan and Jianshui Pottery in the red soil on the banks of Qin riv- Yunnan.Ni Xing Pottery appeared 1000 er.Mixed with the hard clay on the west years earlier than Meissen Pottery, but the bank and the soft one on the east bank, it Meissen Pottery influenced by Chinese came into shape after cleaning and choos- pottery, especially Yixing Pottery,are ing.According to statistics,the clay source known worldwide.Meanwhile, Qinzhou total production of Qinzhou Ni Xing Pot- Ni Xing Pottery are seldom known cur- tery reaches 1500 to 1700 million cubic rently in the porcelain field, even in na- meters.The exploit is basically in the tive Guangxi province.Compared to air,but the development standard is low Meissen Porcelain , we can gain the en- and is still expansive and scattered form lightenment that it is necessary for the of exploit.There still remains damaging emploees of Ni Xing Pottery to build the the biosystem and excessive exploit. brand and raise the influnce of Ni Xing 2.1.2Enlightenment pottery. The exploit of the raw material of Meissen Porcelain followed the plan at the very start, which protect and use the unrenewable clay source effectively.Due to that,the products' number and quality of Meissen Porcelain are guaran- teed.There still remains damaging the biosystem and excessive exploit in th production procedures of Ni Xing Pot- tery.Even if the source is rich and abun- dant,we need to learn using the clay source from Meissen Porcelain .First, we should find the distribution and the amount of the clay source;second,the par- Fig. 1: nixing pottery" in 1915Panama tition and plan for the clay source exploit Pacific International Exposition" gold should be made;then, we should made the medal award certificate management norms of the clay source. 2.2. Production Technology 2. Enlightenment from raw material and production technology 2.2.1The comparison in production technology. 2.1. Production of raw materials In Meissen porcelain 300 years of his- 2.1.1．Comparison between the exploit tory, it has always maintained a hand- and usage of raw material made craft, Even in industrialized development today,In addition to using the The material of Meissen Porcelain was power from firing,Other production pro- a mixture of china clay,bassanite, and cesses still retains The initial stage that quartz which was produced in Saxo- build a plantearly construction of the ny,Germany.People began to exploit clay handmade production process. It 's every mineral as early as 1974.By now the year piece of porcelain products,Even porce- production of white clay is around 300 lain goods every ornament,Are all hand tons,which is also one of the olddest still- made（Fig. 2）. Because it is handmade, exploiting mineral up to now.Ni Xing

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the longer production cycle, Even an or- 2.2.2 Enlightenment dinary cup, its set of production amount- Meissen porcelain development so far ed to more than 100 days. Some more has been in use pure handmade craft pro- complex shape product even up to half a duction and meticulous division of labor, year of the production cycle.As early as production cycle is relatively longer. En- in 1764 , Meissen porcelain factory at- gaged in the production of pre-service taches great importance to the artistic through complete and scientific profes- quality of product, In the world of China sional training, have good professional history of the earliest established his own accomplishment. But nixing pottery in art school, At the same time it also is the the production process has been mostly Grand Duchy of Isaacson School of art. half automation, production division of Meissen porcelain every painting, model- labor is rough, practitioners of profes- ling division must be approved by the sional quality whole is poorer. After con- school for three years to ten years of pro- trasting the following enlightenments. fessional training. To be a Meissen porce- First, the establishment of professional lain a porcelain link excellent technicians ceramic art academy, training employees need more long time. The sketch course in the professional accomplishment. Se- as a basic course in the technicians are cond, product grading production, high- learning three years half time has been to end products all use of handmade crafts. learn, they also learn human anatomy and In third, the production steps detailed di- repeat the exercise depicting autumn vision of labor, production cycle length- leaves, birds, flowers and other pat- ened. terns;But nixing pottery development so far, its production has been most for semi 3. The enlightenment in styles and fea- automated production mode, but in the tures and market running decoration is still maintained the traditional handmade. The mode of production 3.1. Styles and features is mostly made of semi automatic process, so the nixing pottery production cycle 3.1.1. The comparison in styles and fea- takes roughly thirty days.Employees are tures. mostly local idle labor force, their artistic Since the beginning of Meissen porce- accomplishment of the overall low, pro- lain production for royal service, there- fessional school practitioners scanty. fore the product has always been a royal aristocratic luxury style.Because of its production at the beginning of imitation of Chinese ceramic based, early porcelain decorative motifs are marked with colors of China, the Chinese myths and legends, bird fish fruit are the original copy imitation. After continuous improvement, in 1739designed with Baroque style under- glaze red dragon and "blue onion pattern". In" blue onion pattern" for shaping of the material produced by the product ( Figure Fig. 2 handmade porcelain decora- 3) has been the classic collectibles. This tion style until today is still widely respected by the world of porcelain industry. In ad-

dition, Meissen porcelain decorative col-

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orful gorgeous, the color formula has 3.2. Market running thousands of, and has a strict secret protection measures, this is also a unique 3.2.1.The comparison in market run- point of Meissen porcelain. Ni Xing Pot- ning. tery went through the late Qing Dynasty Meissen porcelain since the production when the scholars and the formation of of its ownership belongs to the state, until the classical style.; Since the nineteen after the unification of Germany, Meissen eighties economic and cultural develop- porcelain to self-financing joint-stock ment of today's multicultural style. In ad- company. Meissen has always been addition, Qinzhou nixing pottery does not hering to the replication and innovation add any ceramic glaze case, because of coexist route, in order to meet the special the clay contains rich in ferric oxide needs of customers, porcelain is also pro- composition, firing temperature reaches vided with a model and decorative pattern 1200 degrees Celsius, to produce color of Archives.So it still can produce a hun- change namely" Kiln". This variable Tex- dred or three hundred years ago products. ture needed polished surface oxides can In addition, Meissen porcelain in either fully show though not glaze and delicate design or marketing in more than texture, smooth, colorful colorful charac- 300years always adhere to the interna- teristics. tional strategy. Nowadays, Meissen porcelain are75% exported to foreign countries. Not only that, porcelain also opens up another production direction, namely the production of interior decoration the desired tile or decorative porcelain paintings. Berlin's most upscale hotel Adelung is one of its clients. By now, Qinzhou Ni Xing pottery has developed a Fig 3 " blue onion pattern" porcelain wide range of products. Production is the main type of domestic pottery and art ce- 3.1.2. Enlightenment ramic. Daily ceramic main varieties of tea, Meissen porcelain aristocratic luxury coffee, purple rice cookers, electric boiler, style, classical Chinese style has always steamer, soup pots, pots, pots and so on. existed in his three years of development Art pottery vases, smoked tripod, process history. Ni Xing Pottery 's style at the art ceramics, antique pottery characteris- time of the social environment changes, tics of ceramic treasures, tourism souve- did not carry out its development history nirs etc.. In addition, some have a master style. Ni Xing Pottery in the future de- of the craft enterprises also accept custom. velopment process in response to its artis- Nowadays the nixing pottery exported to tic style finishing, on the basis of upgrad- the domestic 28 provinces, city, autono- ing and transformation, to design such as mous regions, and exported to Japan, the Meissen porcelain" blue onion pattern" as United States, Germany, Britain, France, the classic style of the products. And the Belgium, more than 30 countries and re- use of its unique" Kiln " features, as the gions of Hong Kong and Macao. In more development of new products mainly than 20 enterprises in export only one, point. but the export products to most plant pots and daily pottery .The company is mostly in the domestic sales, the main sales in Guang xi Zhuang own area.

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3.2.2. Enlightenment won gold medal. So far in 1949to partici- From the Meissen porcelain and nixing pate in the international and domestic ex- pottery market comparison we get the fol- hibitions and won won the of all kinds of lowing enlightenment: Firstly, increase more than 40 awards . In 1997 by the the government's support to cultivate State Council included in the focus of the leading enterprises; Secondly, exploit protection of traditional arts and crafts. new market, establish a diversified mar- Especially in 2006, China Arts and Crafts keting mode; Thirdly, take advantage of Master Li Renping's" high drum flowers ASEAN economic circle, develop prod- bottles" ( Figure 5) awarded the United ucts which are suitable for ASEAN to in- Nations educational, scientific and cultur- crease export. al organization "world outstanding handi- crafts emblem" . In 2010 to become the 4. The Enlightenment in brand pro- Shanghai World Expo licensed merchan- motion and influence dise. In addition, in recent decades, nixing pottery mainly used as gifts for guests 4.1. Brand promotion by many departments and institutions of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in 4.1.1. The comparison in brand promo- all kinds of celebration activities tion Meissen porcelain dating back more than300 years of history, in this more than 300 years of Meissen porcelain ex- perienced war and social system change Never stop production. As early as in nineteenth Century has been in theworld exposition is often the award it also often be elected country gift for the German government leaders visit when world leaders to foreign . Wheresoever the Fig 4 Meisen porcelain mould save the country or region is, there is a Meissen porcelain agency at the most poshest library business street. Meissen porcelain as it has complete mold, pattern color formu- lation Library, Using these rich resources now with the production studio,and set up a exhibition hall including production products, tourists visit, works dis- play(Figure4). Because of the exhibition hall and the presence of Meissen town beautiful scenery attracts nearly three hundred thousand visitors. This not only Fig 5 high drum flower vase stimulate the local economy in the form 4.1.2. Enlightenment of Meissen porcelain made very good Compared with Meissen Porcelain in promotion and publicity function. As ear- the brand promotion,we gain the enlight- ly as 1915, the nixing pottery attend the enment that: first,franchise stores should "Panama Pacific International Exposi- be set in the high-terminal district of large tion" win the gold medal. In 1930 to par- cities across the country.Second, we can ticipate in the World Ceramic Exposition invite celebrities to shoot a cultural trailer

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in order to increase propagandist develop products of high class.Then, we strength.Third,we should build up a histo- need to create new industry chain and ry exhibition museum of the Ni Xing Pot- make development strategies. tery history to produce the porcelain,welcome the visitors and put the works on show. 5. Conclusion 4.2. Brand influence. Ni Xing Pottery has a history of more than 1300 years, whose unique geograph- 4.2.1. The influence of brand compari- ic characteristics are special raw material son. and "kiln" and granding and polishing process.In the economics booming Mention Meissen porcelain, people's days,Ni Xing Pottery gain new opportuni- minds will appear a variety of praise,It is ties.We can draw the conclusion that the taste, money, status, rights" pronoun". power of products cannot be ignored This has a history of over 300 years of from the successful case of Meissen German porcelain brand, after the Ger- Porcelain . Nowadays,the employees in man Porsche second high-grade goods. Ni Xing Pottery should follow the trend With its elegant design, the royal temper- of localization on basement of the for- ament, pure handmade is well known in mers' creation, and to express geographic the world. In today's Germany, Meissen culture thoroughl. Meanwhile,they should porcelain still represents the society, peo- build up brands belonging to themselves ple have to Meissen porcelain and proud. in mixed with the essence of the tradi- Even in the elite wedding bride, dowry tional culture and modern fashion cultural goods if Meissen porcelain tableware on beauty concept.I am convinced that there behalf of the bride's family 's social status. is going to be a wonderful Chinese porce- Since reforming and opening, nixing pot- lain brand in the world of porcelain tery ushered in another development peak. brands,Ni Xing Pottery in Qinzhou! According to statistics, production of

Qinzhou nixing pottery enterprises exist- ing size of the factory more than 20, Acknowledgement [1]The project of Guangxi center of hu- about more than 3000employees. The manities and social sciences:"Guangxi art main production daily ceramics and art and design research team of characteristic ceramic two categories is given priority industries", contract NO.TD2011011 to, and have a small amount of building [2]Project by Guangxi Province Office of ceramic production . But in this a lot of Education: "Research on forms of folk production scale, people or very few tourism products in Guangxi ",contract know nixing pottery for what they are, NO.201106LX053 some people even take it with Yixing Zisha confusion. But nixing pottery product price is relatively low, even the arts Reference and crafts masters is far lower than the price other similar products and prices. [1] W.Q. Mao, China Ceramic industry, 4.2.2. Enlightenment Vol. 1994 No.5, p.58. The comparison with Meissen Porce- [2] W.Q. Mao, Ceramic history, Vol. lain gives us enlightenment that: first- 2007 No.1, p.34-36. ly,we should design the brand symbol [3] D.Lu,Z.B.Wu, Art and design ( The- that can truly stand for the history and ory ), Vol. 2008 No.10, p.195-197. background of Ni Xing Pottery.Secondly, [4] N.Wang,S.Xiao, Foshan ceramics, we must put emphasis on the quality and Vol. 2008 No.2, p.6-8.

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[5] W.Ma, Zhejiang arts and crafts, Vol.1997 No.3, p.38-40. [6] J.T.Huang, Famous brand, Vol.2011 No.2, p.15-17. [7] L.Lin, Collection· auction, Vol.2011 No.8, p.20-23.

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