R&D – updated product range

Projects aimed at creating an updated product range and mix Projects are listed in alphabetical order of the crop’s botanical name; projects that included several genera or are general in nature are listed at the end. Focus crop Project title and Project Project summary Publication Link to final report or other information project code number timeframe date Actinotus Flannel Flowers the 2004-2007 Developed a model production system for the 2010 https://rirdc.infoservices.com.au/items/10-065 helianthi Year Round: a model protected cultivation of flannel flower, and also (Flannel protected cultivated selected improved forms and developed improved flowers) system DAN-234A propagation and cultivation systems. Assessed other potential crops for production under a similar system. Anigozanthos - Somatic fusion within 2013 – This research will deliver new, unique, high value Research in http://www.rirdc.gov.au/research-project- kangaroo paw the Haemodoraceae 2017? hybrid cutflowers that cannot be developed by progress details/custr10_NPP/PRJ-008850 group  PRJ-008850 conventional means. It will result in the  application and publication of contemporary ‘Phenotypic recurrent selection of Anigozanthos sp. L. for methods of biotechnology to the commercially disease tolerance’. D.J. Growns. In Proc. of the Eighth successful Haemodoraceae family. International Symposium on New ornamental Crops and Twelfth International Research Symposium. Perth, W.A., Australia. August 20-24, 2015. ISHS Acta Horticulturae Number 1097. Boronia Development of 1999-2003 Selected improved clones of Boronia heterophylla 2004 https://rirdc.infoservices.com.au/collections/wnp/?page=4 Boronia heterophylla for the cut flower market for improved commercial application BAF-2A Chamelaucium Development of new 1997-2000 This report considers the breeding biology of 2001 https://rirdc.infoservices.com.au/items/01-156 (Waxflower, and improved cut waxflowers (Chamelaucium) with special Geraldton wax) flower cultivars through emphases on chromosome numbers, ploidy levels, selection and sexual ploidy manipulation, chloroplast DNA inheritance, hybridisation within the identification of natural and artificial hybrids, Chamelaucium alliance hybridisation barriers, embryology and early UWA-35A embryo rescue. It discusses how this information can be used in waxflower breeding programs.

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R&D – updated product range

Focus crop Project title and project Project Project summary Publication Link to final report or other information code number timeframe date Chamelaucium Somatic fusion within the 2011-2014 This research aimed to develop new, To be http://www.rirdc.gov.au/research-project- Chamelaucium alliance unique, high value hybrid cutflowers advised details/custr10_NPP/PRJ-008850 PRJ-008850 that cannot be developed by conventional means. Contemporary methods of biotechnology were applied to the commercially successful Chamelaucium alliance. Chamelaucium Advanced biotechnology 2014-2017 One of the two streams within this Research in http://wwwrirdc.gov.au/research-project-details/custr10_NPP/PRJ- and related systems for propagation project will focus on further wide progress 009978 species and and breeding of hybridisation within the Corymbia Australian – Chamelaucium alliance developed in ‘Breeding and development of novel hybrids of waxflowers by applied to Stage 1 of the Chamelaucium project protoplast fusion’. A.A. Scalzo, A.M. Crowhurst, P. Umaretiya, D.J. Chamelaucium above. Results from Stage 1 have Growns. In Proc. of the Eighth International Symposium on New (waxflower) and shown that development of fused ornamental Crops and Twelfth International Protea Research hybrids in this group is only Symposium. Perth, W.A., Australia. August 20-24, 2015. ISHS Acta Corymbia hybrids possible where one parent line can be Horticulturae Number 1097. PRJ-009978 propagated through embryogenesis.

The second stage of this research project will use Chamelaucium hybrids that have been selected for their ability to develop somatic embryos and target a range of species from other genera within the Chamelaucium alliance that will provide desired attributes for enhancing the hybrids and varieties currently used for cutflowers. Cultivation of blue 1997-2001 The project characterised a number of blue 2001 https://rirdc.infoservices.com.au/items/01-158 (Blue smokebush smokebush selections exhibiting different flowering smokebush) (Conospermum spp.) for times, form and colour. Production protocols were cut flower production also developed. DAW-89A

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R&D – updated product range

Focus crop Project title and Project Project summary Publication date Link to final report project code number timeframe Corynanthera Selection, propagation 1996-2001 The population dynamics of Corynanthera flava in 2001 https://rirdc.infoservices.com.au/items/01-157 flava (Golden and cultivation of the wild were studied and selections were collected. cascade) golden cascade New techniques of propagation and irrigation were (Corynanthera flava) investigated for bringing this flower into cultivation for cut flower and post harvest handling methods tested. production DAW-76A Eriostemon Grafting Eriostemon 1999-2002 This project identified a range of new, superior clones 2003 https://rirdc.infoservices.com.au/items/02-140 australasius from natural populations. A method for rapidly DAN-181A bringing these new field selections into cultivation using grafting was developed. Eucalyptus buds Production and 1999-2004 This project is one of a succession of projects (5) 2004 https://rirdc.infoservices.com.au/items/04-163 and flower lines postharvest handling aiming to develop novel eucalypt cultivars for the cut of eucalypt bud and bud and flower markets. flower lines UA-52A

Eucalyptus buds Development of novel 2004-2007 These project is one of a succession of projects (5) 2008 https://rirdc.infoservices.com.au/items/08-018 and flower lines eucalypt hybrids UA- aiming to develop novel eucalypt cultivars for the cut 67J bud and flower markets.

Eucalyptus buds Commercial release of 2008-2012 Outlines recent developments in varietal selection, 2013 https://rirdc.infoservices.com.au/items/12-120 and flower lines ornamental eucalypt postharvest vase life determination and propagation varieties by grafting of a group of ornamental eucalypt hybrids. PRJ-002640 Selected varieties will be suitable for the Australian wildflower industry and the Australian nursery and garden industry. Three varieties have been registered with IP Australia for PBR protection. These are ‘Honey Hearts’, ‘Pink SugarCandy’, and ‘Toffee Hearts’. Grevillea: breeding 2001-2004 This project focussed on the development of 2007 https://rirdc.infoservices.com.au/items/07-101 and development for improved forms for cut flower use. focal cut flowers US- 105A Haemodorum Haemodorum 2004-2006 Developed knowledge about propagating and growing 2006 https://rirdc.infoservices.com.au/items/06-087 (Blood root) coccineum production this species, gathered postharvest information and in southeast market feedback. Queensland UQ-117A

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R&D – updated product range

Ixodia Varietal 1995-2000 Varieties were collected and outstanding individual 2001 https://rirdc.infoservices.com.au/items/00-186 development/disease varieties in terms of appearance or vigour identified. management of Ixodia This program aimed to extend the harvest period, achillaeoides for provide new products for dried and fresh flower cutflower production markets and improve quality characteristics. DAS-45A Leptospermum Developing 2000-2003 A series of projects was conducted to identify and 2013 https://rirdc.infoservices.com.au/items/13-102 Leptospermum for cut stage 1, develop cut flower forms of Leptospermum with a flowers followed long vase life, novel colour and varying flowering by times for export. This report describes the subsequent development of superior Leptospermum hybrids stages through a breeding program and the evaluation of post-harvest performance and techniques. The report is targeted at wildflower growers interested in producing Leptospermum for cut flowers and similarly for growers looking to exploit the landscape potential of the species. These growers should seek out the superior forms to determine their performance under their growing conditions. Breeding off-season 1998-2001 3 successive projects developed new Leucadendron 2001 https://rirdc.infoservices.com.au/items/01-099 Leucadendron varieties. varieties through interspecific A reliable protocol was developed for the wide hybridisation UWA- hybridisation of through interspecific 46A hybridisation and applied to generate new varieties.

Leucadendron Speeding up the 2001-2005 2006 https://rirdc.infoservices.com.au/items/06-059 release of new varieties of Leucadendron UWA- 67A Leucadendron Evaluation of 2002-2003 Tolerance of important Leucadendron genotypes used 2003 https://rirdc.infoservices.com.au/items/03-119 Phytophthora in the breeding program to an important disease tolerance in (Phytophthora) was tested following development of Leucadendron UWA- a screening protocol. 69A

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R&D – updated product range

Focus crop Project title and Project Project summary Publication Link to final report project code number timeframe date Ozothamnus Publication of 'Rice 2000-2001 Consolidated results of earlier work into a useful manual for 2001 Beal P, Carson C, Turnbull L, Forsberg L. 2001. diosmifolius Flower: production growers. Rice Flower Production Guidelines (Riceflower) guidelines for growers' for Growers. DPI Queensland. Purchase: Queensland DAQ-267A Government Bookshop, 41 George St, Brisbane, 07 3883 8700, https://www.bookshop.qld.gov.au/home.aspx (and search for the book title) Ptilotus Scent and consumer 2009 This project aimed to characterise the scent of cut Ptilotus 2009 https://rirdc.infoservices.com.au/items/09-141 acceptability of cut flowers and ascertain consumer acceptability of scent and Ptilotus flowers. other inflorescence characteristics. Scholtzia Development of 1999-2003 Identified improved clones of Scholtzia involucrata to be 2004 https://rirdc.infoservices.com.au/items/04-056 Scholtzia for improved made available to the floriculture industry. commercial application BAF-3A Verticordia Strategic planning for 2004-2006 Commissioned project (3 successive projects) Not the development of a Stage 1 available new Christmas flower Phase 1 and Phase 2 DAW-114A Verticordia Strategic planning for 2006-2012 Stage 2 Not the development of a available new Christmas flower DAW-119A Verticordia Development of 2006-2012 Presents the results of applying grafting methods to introduce 2013 https://rirdc.infoservices.com.au/items/12-110 intergeneric rootstocks a greater diversity of flowers into the wildflower market, for Christmas flowering particularly development of intergeneric rootstocks for Verticordia Christmas flowering Verticordia. Availability of native plants PRJ-000470 displaying a range of new colours for the Christmas market will increase exports and provide growers with an opportunity to extend their production season.

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R&D – updated product range

Focus crop Project title and project Project Project summary Publication Link to final report code number timeframe date  Farm-based methods for 2010-2014 Extending the commercial waratah flowering season To be control of flowering in outside the current 5-6 week range has been a major goal advised for development of the waratah industry, but precise PRJ-006160 information on the environmental cues which initiate and control flowering are unknown, resulting in unpredictable yields and profitability. This project aimed to provide an understanding of the mechanisms that control flowering and use the information to extend the timing of anthesis to meet peak demand periods. Native foliage products: Identify and evaluate the 1999-2002 Improved knowledge of producing North Qld foliages (5) 2003 https://rirdc.infoservices.com.au/items/03- Forest Lace, commercial potential for through 3 successive projects: Stenocarpus Forest Lace, 043 Stenocarpus Forest Gem, new foliage and cut Stenocarpus Forest Gem, fraxinifolia, Lomatia fraxinifolia, flower species from north diversifolia and Grevillea baileyana. Athertonia diversifolia Queensland DAQ-262A Stage 1. and Grevillea baileyana

Native foliage products: Development of North 2002-2004 Improved knowledge of producing North Qld foliages (5) 2005 https://rirdc.infoservices.com.au/items/05- Stenocarpus Forest Lace, Queensland flower and through successive projects: Stenocarpus Forest Lace, 010 Stenocarpus Forest Gem, foliage species for Stenocarpus Forest Gem, Lomatia fraxinifolia, Athertonia Lomatia fraxinifolia, industry DAQ-299A diversifolia and Grevillea baileyana. Athertonia diversifolia Stage 2. and Grevillea baileyana

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R&D – updated product range

Focus crop Project title and Project Project summary Publication Link to final report project code timeframe date number Native foliage Market development 2004-2007 Improved knowledge of producing North Qld Not Final report not yet available products: and commercial foliages (5) through successive projects: available Stenocarpus Forest production of five Stenocarpus Forest Lace, Stenocarpus Forest Gem, Lace, Stenocarpus native foliage Lomatia fraxinifolia, Athertonia diversifolia and Forest Gem, Lomatia products DAQ-324A Grevillea baileyana. fraxinifolia, Athertonia Stage 3. diversifolia and Grevillea baileyana Key species: On-farm evaluation 2004-2011 Grafting has provided a means of extending range 2012 https://rirdc.infoservices.com.au/items/11-149 Boronia heterophylla of grafted and productivity of range of species Corymbia ficifolia and wildflowers for hybrids commercial cut Darwinia flower production Eremophila nivea DAN-231A Geleznowia verrucosa Pimelea physodes Processes and costs Review of systems 2010-2012 This project reviewed the processes and strategies To be Status of final report unknown – go to involved in protecting for variety for protecting IP and extracting commercial value, advised https://rirdc.infoservices.com.au/items/12-074 for the intellectual property protection, and such as plant patents, trademarks and licensed project background, a summary of the research and systems for models for production. A comparative analysis of the different conducted, and its outcomes and implications generating income extracting value systems for protecting plant material and extracting from new varieties PRJ-005395 commercial value enables industry stakeholders to select the method most appropriate for their purposes. Details and costs involved are included to raise awareness of the importance of respecting plant variety rights. Four case studies are presented.

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