Annotated List of the Neuroptera of Hispaniola, with New Faunistic Records of Some Species
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Journal of Neuropterology 3: 9-23,2000 (2001) Annotated List of the Neuroptera of Hispaniola, with New Faunistic Records of Some Species D. E. PCrez-Gelabert (1) and 0. S. Flint Jr. (2) (1) 5714 Ridgway Ave., Rockville, MD 20851, U.S.A. E-mail: [email protected] (2) National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C. 20560-0105, U.S.A. E-mail: [email protected] Keywords: Neuroptera, Ascalaphids, Lacewings, Antlions, Dominican Republic, Haiti, New records. SUMMARY An annotated list and some new faunistic records of Hispaniolan Neuroptera are presented, based on literature records and specimens in the collections of the National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D. C. and the Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh. Seventeen species are newly recorded here for the island. Fifty-two extant species within 26 genera are known to us. Additionally, three fossil species and four other genera of Neuroptera have been reported from Dominican amber. We provide synonymic, type and distribution data for each species that should enhance the comprehensive characterization of this group in Hispaniola. INTRODUCTION The Hispaniolan fauna of Neuroptera has been the subject of only haphazard studies by visiting collectors and entomologists. It appears that a significant number of species still remain to be discovered on the island. Systematic studies on Neotropical Neuroptera have been hindered by the unsettled taxonomic state of several families, making it difficult to be confident about the identity or status of particular taxa. Locally, lack of tradition in faunistic studies and the paucity of research collections necessary for comparative studies have also discouraged work on this group. The first species of Neuroptera reported from Hispaniola was the ascalaphid Ululodes villosus described by BEAUVOIS (1805). Two additional species were described prior to 1900 by WALKER (1853, 1860). The only faunistic study of the Neuroptera of the island was published by SMITH (1931), who was stationed near Port-au-Prince, Haiti while working for the Service Technique du DCpartement de I'Agriculture from July 1928 to March 1930. Smith reported 24 species, most collected in the area of the agricultural station at Damien, based on identifications by Nathan Banks. The recent catalogues of the neuropteran fauna of the New 10 PEREZ-GELABERT, D. E. & FLINT Jr., 0. S. World produced by PENNY (1977) and PENNY et al. (1997) have summarized the early works on the insular fauna and provided the initial basis for this paper. The Hispaniolan fauna of Neuroptera contains at least 52 extant species placed in 26 genera and 8 families. Seventeen species, six genera and two families are newly recorded here for the extant Neuroptera fauna in the island. Three fossil species, a Hemerobiid, a Coniopterygid and a Myrmeleontid, have been described from Dominican amber. Four other taxa identified only to generic level (Leucochrysa, Coniopteryx, Hemerobius and Mantispa) and the family Ascalaphidae have also been reported in Dominican amber. This list is intended as a useful tool to address more effectively the remaining taxonomic problems involving Hispaniolan neuropterans, encourage their collection and to aid in the discovery of new taxa. We report new materials only for the previously unrecorded genera or species that could be identified with certainty in the collections of the National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D. C. and the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh. We list all relevant citations of Neuroptera species for the island of Hispaniola. Type data includes kind of type, sex, deposition and type locality. Finally the known general distribution of each species is noted. Institutions and collections holding the types of these species are coded in this paper using the following abbreviations: A.M.N.H. (American Museum of Natural History), New York, U.S.A.; B.M.N.H. (Natural History Museum), London, England; C.A.A.S. (California Academy of Sciences), San Francisco, California, U.S.A.; C.M.N.H. (Carnegie Museum of Natural History), Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.; H.M.B. (Museum fur Naturkunde der Humboldt Universitat), Berlin, Germany; I.E.S.H. (Instituto de Ecologia y Sistemitica), La Habana, Cuba; I.R.S.N.B. (Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique), Brussels, Belgium; J.W.C. (Personal collection of Jim Work), Oregon, U.S.A.; M.C.Z. (Museum of Comparative Zoology), Cambridge, Massachussetts, U.S.A.; M.N.H.N.P. (MusCum National d7Histoire Naturelle), Paris, France; N.M.N.H. (National Museum of Natural History), Washington, D. C., U.S.A.; and Z.S.M.C. (Zoologische Staatssamlung), Munich, Germany. LIST OF SPECIES Order NEUROPTERA Family ASCALAPHIDAE Subfamily ASCALAPHINAE Genus ULULODES Currie, 1899 Ululodes banksi Weele, 1908 UluEodes banksi: Smith, 1931: 819. Ululodes banksi: NavAs, 1932: 34. Type: Syntypes 2 1 9, B.M.N.H. Type locality: Jamaica: Rae-Town. Distribution: Jamaica, Haiti. Journal of Neuropterology 3: 9-23, 2000 (2001) 11 Ululodes sanctidomingi Weele, 1908 Ululodes sancti-domingi Weele, 1908: 115, fig. 74. Ululodes sancti-dominici: NavBs, 1913: 30. Ululodes macleayana venezolensis: Smith, 1931: 818, fig. 19 [erroneous identification]. Ululodes sanctidomingi: Smith, 1931 : 8 19. Ululodes sancti-domingi: Banks, 1938b: 179. Type: Syntypes 2 99, B.M.N.H. and I.R.S.N.B. Type locality: "San Domingo"and "Haiti". Distribution: Hispaniola. Ululodes smithi Banks, 1938 Ululodes subvertens: Smith, 1931 : 8 18 [erroneous identification]. Ululodes smithi Banks, 1938b: 179. Type: Holotype 9, M.C.Z. no. 23192. Type locality: Haiti: Port-au-Prince. Distribution: Haiti. Ululodes villosus (Beauvois, 1805) Ascalaphus villosus Beauvois, 1805: 86, pl. 7. Ululodes villosa: Weele, 1908: 118. Ululodes villosa: NavBs, 1913: 30. Ululodes villosus: Banks, 1938b: 178. Type: Holotype Q, B.M.N.H. Type locality: "Saint Domingue". Distribution: Hispaniola. Comments: Aggregations of this species on low lying vegetation were first reported by NEEDHAM (1941). They seem to be a common occurrence in the Dominican Republic. Family CHRYSOPIDAE Subfamily APOCHRYSINAE Genus LAINIUS NavBs, 1913 Lainius constellatus NavBs, 1913 New generic record for Hispaniola! Type: 3 syntypes, sex unknown, B.M.N.H. Type locality: Guatemala: Cerro Zunil. Distribution: Guatemala, Dominican Republic. Specimens: 1 individual from DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Pedernales Prov., 26 km N. Cabo Rojo, 18O06' N, 71°38' W, 730 m, VI1.16.1992, C. Young, R. Davidson, S. Thompson, J. Rawlins, mesic deciduous forest with scattered pines. C.M.N.H. Determined by N. Penny in 1999. Subfamily CHRY SOPINAE Genus CERAEOCHRYSA Adams, 1982 Ceraeochrysa claveri (NavBs, 1911) Chrysopa haitiensis: Smith, 1931 : 806. Ceraeochrysa claveri: Adams, 1982: 72. Ceraeochrysa claveri: Adams & Penny, 1985: 444. Type: Lectotype d, M.N.H.N.P. Type locality: Colombia. Distribution: Colombia, Cuba, Brazil, Mexico, Haiti. 12 PEREZ-GELABERT,D. E. & FLINT Jr., 0. S. Comments: Smith's Haitian described the larva of this species as a trash carrier. Ceraeochrysa cincta (Schneider, 1851) New record for Hispaniola! Type: Type, sex unknown, H.M.B. Type locality: Brazil. Distribution: Argentina to Mexico, Cuba, Galapagos, United States (Florida), Dominican Republic. Specimens: 1 6' from DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Jarabacoa, VI.3-4.1969, Flint & Gbmez, N.M.N.H. Determined by P. A. Adams in 1993. Ceraeochrysa cubana (Hagen, 1861) Chrysopa cubana Hagen, 1861: 215. Chrysopa freemani: Smith, 1931: 81 1. Ceraeochrysa cubana: Adams, 1982: 72. Ceraeochrysa cubana: Adams & Penny, 1985: 445, figs. 135-139, pl. 17. Type: Neotype 0, M.C.Z. Neotype locality: Cuba: Soledad, near Cienfuegos. Distribution: Cuba, Haiti, Jamaica, Barbados, Florida, Mexico, Guyana, Brazil. Ceraeochrysa valida (Banks, 1895) Chrysopa lioni: NavBs, 1927b: 54. Chrysopa lioni: Smith, 1931: 812 [no specimens were studied]. Chrysopa damiensis: Smith, 1931: 803, pl. 2, figs. 1, 11. Chrysopa wolcotti: Smith, 1931: 8 10. Ceraeochrysa valida: Adams, 1982: 73. Type: Syntypes 2 QQ, M.C.Z. Type locality: Mexico: Baja California. Distribution: Haiti, Puerto Rico, Mexico, Ecuador, Brazil, Guyana, Guatemala, United States (Florida and Texas). Comments: The larva of this species was described by SMITH (1931) when he studied C. damiensis. Genus CHRYSOPA Leach, 1815 Chrysopa domingensis Banks, 1941 Chrysopa domingensis Banks, 1941a: 394. Type: Holotype 9, M.C.Z. no. 25289. Type locality: Dominican Republic: Constanza. Distribution: Dominican Republic. Comments: BROOKS & BARNARD (1990) did not list this species. It is the only one of the Hispaniolan species originally described in the genus Chrysopa still remaining in this genus. Further study will probably place it within one of the other five genera of Chrysopidae cited for Hispaniola. Genus CHRYSOPERLA Steinmann, 1964 Chrysoperla dozieri (Smith, 1931) Chrysopa dozieri Smith, 1931 : 808, fig. 4. Chrysoperla dozieri: Brooks, 1994: 166, figs. 196-202. Type: Holotype d, M.C.Z. Type locality: Haiti: Port- au-Prince. Distribution: Haiti. Journal of Neuropterology 3: 9-23, 2000 (2001) 13 Chrysoperla exotera (NavBs, 1913) Chrysopa estradai NavBs, 1924: 334. Chrysopa estradai: Smith, 1931: 809. Clzrysopa exterior: Smith, 1931: 804, fig. 2. Chrysopa exotera: Brooks, 1994: 167. Type: Holotype 9, B.M.N.H. Type locality: Guatemala: Duenas, Capetillo. Distribution: Guatemala, Cuba, Mexico, Costa Rica, Haiti. Chrysoperla externa (Hagen, 1861 ) New record for Hispaniola! Type: Neotype 9, M.C.Z. Neotype locality: United States: