1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HO-USE. 3283

Mr. TILLMAN. Any kind of cow butter? INDIA...."'i AGIDI'"TS. Mr. STEWART. No; microbe butter. Frederic 0. Getchell, of North Dakota! to be agent for the In­ Mr. TILLMAN. What is microbe butter? dians of the Devils Lake Agency, inNorth Dakota, his term having Mr. STEWART. Butter that kllls. expired. (Reappointment.) Mr. TILLMAN. There is butter and butter. Of course butter A. W. Thomas, of Seymour, N.Dak., to beagentfortheindians will get rancid very soon if it is not properly handled; but I hope of the Fort Berthold Agency, in North Dakota, vice Thomas the Senator does not stand here and undertake to say that good, Richards, term expired; George L. Robinson, who was confirmed honest cow butter is not better than any imitation of it that is January 31, 1902, having declined appointment. ever manufactured. Albert M. Anderson, of Washington, to be agent for the Indians Mr. STEWART. I do not know about that. I will tell you of the Colville Agency in Washington, his term having expired. what you will find. If you will read the reports of the investi­ (Reappointment.) gations that are now taking pla.ce in Paris and in New York, and Herman G. Nickerson, of Wyoming, to be agent for the Indians read the reports here, showing the death-dealing poisons that are of the Shoshone Agency in Wyoming, his term having expired. the result of milk products, cow products, and dairy products, · (Reappointment.) you will see that you have to choose for your families, not know­ ing whether it is microbe butter or pure cow butter, because you CHIEF OF THE BUREAU OF YARDS AND DOCKS. can not determine that from the color. You might be able to Civil Engineer Mordecai T. Endicott, United States Navy, to judge pretty well if it was in the natural color, but when it is be Chief of the Bureau of Yards and Docks, in the Department of doctored and fixed up in that way, if you had to choose for your the Navy, with the raD.k of rear-admiml, from the 4th day of family between this colored microbe butter and oleomargarine April, 1902. you would take the safe side, as many do now, and buy oleomar­ garine. That is one of the reasons why oleomargarine has such CONFIRMATIONS. a large sale. The reports which are constantly being made of the Executit·e nominations confirmed by the Senate March 26, 1902. impurities in cow products have alarmed a great portion of the people, and they buy oleomargarine for self-protection. PROMOTIONS IN THE N.A VY. All that honest legislation should require is that these products Lieut. Harold P. Norton, to be a lieutenant-commander in the should be clean, healthful, and bear their own natural color with­ Navy, from the 26th day of October, 1901. out deception; but persons should not be allowed to color butter Lieut. Frank M. Bennett, to be a lieutenant-commander in the containing this death-dealing poison and fix it in an attractive Navy, from the 28th day of December, 1901. way for the purpose of selling when you will not allow persons Commander John D. Ford, to be a captain in the Navy, from the selling wholesome products to color them. That is what I com­ 5th day of March, 1902. plain of in this bill. I do not think it is fair legislation. I think Commander Charles R. Roelker, to be a captain in the Navy, there is a necessity for legislation requiring that there should be from the 5th day of March, 1902. no coloring in any of these products. Lieut. Commander Asher C. Baker, to be a commander in the Mr. SPOONER. Will the Senator allowmetoask him a ques­ Navy, from the 5th day of March, 1902. tion? Lieut. Commander William H. H. Southerland, to be a com­ l\Ir. STEWART. Certainly. . mander in the Navy, from the 5th day of March, 1902. Mr. SPOONER. If microbe butter were uncolored it would Lieut. Thomas Snowden, to be a lieutenant-commander in the still be microbe butter, would it not? Navy, from the 5th day of March, 1902. Mr. STEWART. Yes; it would be microbe butter. Lieut. Commander Charles E. Fox, to be a commander in the ·Mr. SPOONER. You couldnottellitfrom the fact that it was Navy, from the 16th day of March, 1902. not colored? POSTMASTERS. Mr·. STEWART. But the butter that is unclean is badly made. Charles W . Nugen, to be postmaster at Kimball, in the county Some of you have been in a country store and have seen butter· of Brule and State of South Dakota. brought in and packed down in the cellar, where it is worked Milton P . Schautz, to be postmaster at Allentown, in the county over and doctored up after it has been gathered in, and then sold of Lehigh and State of Pennsylvania. off by the butter dealers as first-class butter. I am not at all Ross L. Hammond, to be postmaster at Fremont, in tho county afraid of that stuff getting much headway on its own merits. of Dodge and State of Nebraska. You can see what it is, and that is sufficient. Take the coloring Francis M. Love, to be postmaster at Lewistown, in the county off of it and there is nothing disgusting in the appearance of oleo­ of Fulton and State of illinois. margarine, and that is where it would have a great advantage. Josiah Ketcham, to be postmaster at Belvidere, in the county If you take them both in the natural state, oleomargarine is the of Warren and State of New Jersey. best article altogether. The ordinary, poor, miserable butter, De Witt C. Cole, to be postmaster at Marietta, in the county of which ought not to be sold, shows for itself if you do not color it. Cobb and State of Georgia. Take the coloring off and give the people a show, or leave the John F. Keller, to be postmaster at Romney, in the county of coloring on both, and let the oleomargarine have a show. Hampshire and State of West Virginia.. EXECUTIVE SESSION. Mr. KEAN. I move that the Senate proceed to the considera­ tion of executive business. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. The motion was" agreed to; and the Senate proceeded to the con­ sideration of executive business. After five minutes spent in ex­ WEDNESDAY, Ma1·ch 26, 1902. ecutive session the doors were reopened, and (at 4 o'clock and 16 The House met at 12 o'clock m. Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. minutes p.m.) the Senate adjourned until to-morrow, Thursday, HENRY N. COUDEN, D. D. March 27, 1902, at 12 o'clock meridian. The Journal of the proceedings of yesterday was read and ap­ proved. NOMINATIONS. GEN. NEI.SO.N A, MILES. Mr. COOPER of Wisconsin. Mr. Speaker, I present a privi­ Executive nominations received by the Senate March 26, 1902. leged report from the Committee on Insular Affairs, and ask for APPOINTMENTS BY BREVET IN THE ARMY. its immediate consideration. To be captain, by m·evet. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Wisconsin, chairman of First Lieut. Henry C. Clement, jr., Twenty-first Infantry, for the Committee on Insular Affairs, by direction of that commit­ diStinguished gallantry in action near Calamba, Luzon, Philippine tee, submits the following privileged report, which the Clerk will Islands, July 30, 1899, to rank from that date. read. (NOTE.-This officer was nominated to the Senate March 20, The Clerk read as follows: Resolved, That the President of the United States be, and he is hereby, re­ 1902. for appointment to the above-named office, under the name spectfully requested, if sa.me is not incompatible with the public interest, to of Harry C. Clement, jr. This message is submitted to correct transmit to the House copies of all correspondence relating to, and papers . . en·or in the name of the no~ee.) bearing on, the matter of the recent request of Lieut. Gen. Nelson A. Miles, United States Army, to be assigned to duty in the Philippine Archipelago SURVEYORS OF CUSTO:MS. and to be allowed to put into effect there a plan outlined by him having for 1 its P:!,l;lJlOse and bein~ calculated to bring about an immediate cessation of Mahlon M. Gar· land, of Pennsylvania, to be surveyor of customs hostilities in sa.id Philippine .Archipelago without further loss of life on either for the port of Pittsburg, in the State of Pennsylvania. (Reap­ side. pointment.) The following amendments recommended by the committee Perry JtL Lytle, of Pennsylvania, to be surveyor of customs in were read: the district of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania. (Re- In line 5 strike out the word "recent" and insert the word "reported." appointment.) - In lines 8 and 9, after the word "him," strike out the words "having for ita 3284 · CONGRJESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MARCH 26, . purpose and being calculated," and in line 9, after the word "about," strike out "a.n immediate " and insert "a.." • who risks his life in defense of his flag. [Applause.] I said the In line 10, after the word "hostilities," strike out "in said Philippine Archi- avenues of civillj.fe were practically closed on account of the ac­ pelago without further loss of life on either side." tive, earnest strugglers who crowded every avenue of labor and The amendments recommended by the committee were agreed to. thought. These men thus retll·ed could live only in the past. The resolution as amended was agreed to. They could rejoice only in that which they once had been. So On motion of Mr. COOPER of Wisconsin, a motion to recon­ far as their lives were concerned, there was nothing for them to sider the last vote was laid on the table. do but to endure and to wait. Now a proposition comes to take from these brave old veterans this pay which has been granted to ARMY APPROPRIA.TION BILL. them by an act of Congress and which has been received for the Mr. HULL. Mr. Speaker, I move that the House resolve itself last thirty years. I have been unable to·understand why this re­ into the Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union for markable proposition should have been made . . the further consideration of the bill H. R. 12804, the Army ap- If this Government were insolvent, if this Government were propriation bill. ~ bankrupt, if it were in the throes of financial distress, if we were The motion was agreed to. in the midst of a great panic, if we were not prosperous in our Accordi"3gly the House resolved itself into the Committee of industries, if there were a failure in our crops, if gaunt famine the Whole House on the state of the Union for the further con- were stalking throughout this land, then I might be able to under­ sideration of the bill H. R. 12804, the Army appropriation bill, stand this proposition of economy with reference to the e old vet- · with Mr. HEMENWAY in the chair. erans; but with the Treasury overflowing, with our industries all Mr. HULL. I yield thirty minutes to the gentleman from Ohio working full time and overtime, with a commerce such as the [Mr. W .A.RNOCK]. world has never known, and a prosperity such as the world has Mr. WARNOCK. Mr. Chairman and gentlemen, the bill un- never known, I am unable to comprehend why this propo ition is der consideration, the Army appropriation bill, has been very now made to take from these old veterans the little miserable in­ ably prepared, and I think the thanks of the House are due to the crease of pay that has been given to them by the Congress before Committee on Military Affairs for the splendid work which has the generosity of the people had grown cold for the services ren­ been done in framing a bill that meets all the requirements and dered by these old veterans. at the same time is more than $11,000,000 less than the estimates. · Who are the men whom it is now proposed to single out by There is one thing, however, in this admirable bill that I take reason of this provisi'On in this law? Each and every one of them very great exception to. I think as a matter of fact and of law was a hero in the mightiest struggle that ever shook a continent. that it is subject to a point of order, and if it were in order at These men who participated in these engagements were heroes as this time I should submit the point of order. This provision that great as ever walked and fought and endured upon the battlefields I object to is found on page 11 of the bill and reads as follows: of earth. Other wars have continued longer, but there were ces- P?·ovided, That hereaft-er there shall not be allowed or paid any increase sations for recuperation and rest; but with our great civil war of longevity :pay to any officer retired from a.ctl!a.l service above the sum a.l- there was no cessation for four long years, and during that strug­ lowed and pa1d to such officer a.t the date of retirement. gle there was no time when one army could say, '' My enemy is The practical effect of this provision is to reduce the pay of asleep and is taking a vacation, and I will take a rest.'' It every officer who was retired because of wounds received or dis- was one long, continuous, strenuous struggle for four long years abilities incurred in the line of duty in our great civil war. It of bloody war. In that struggle there were 1,882 general engage­ does not affect any officer who was on post duty or who was on ments, battles, and skirmishes in which at least one regiment was staff duty at some city headquarters, far removed from the scene engaged on each side, being an average of more than one for every of danger, and who passed through the war without injury. It day of the four years. There were.112 general engagements in does not affect those gallant officers who had the good fortune to which the losses on one side or the other exceeded 500 in killed pass through the dangers and hardships of that war without dis- and wounded. ability, but it does affect 70 officers who were retired because of . It was a struggle in which, including both sides, half a million wotmds received on the field of battle. Some of these officers men were killed or mortally wounded upon the battlefield and a lost legs or arms, and one officer lost both legs and was retired million men permanently disabled. It was a struggle in which with the rank of lieutenant. Most of these officers were retired American manhood, courage, endurance, and skill were pitted shortly after the close of our civil war with very low rank. Very against American manhood, courage, endurance, and skill. It few of them were retired with rank above that of lieutenant or was the .greatest war of the century. It was the greatest be­ captain. cause it was the bloodiest and fraught with the greatest results They were retired on three-quarters pay, and for more than to mankind. The bloodiest wars have not always been the most thirty years they have been receiving, by virtue of the laws of decisive, but they have always been the most historic. The most Congress, an increase of 10 per cent for every five years continued memorable wars of the world are those which have been made so in the service, not exceeding a period of twenty years; so that the because of the fatalities which have attended them. When the extreme maximum of increase would be 40 per cent. These offi- world comes to assign its place in history to a great battle, it usu­ cers, as I have said, were retired very soon after the close of the ally assigns it by the length of the casualty list. Measured by civil war. Ikrtowmanyofthempersonally. Theyarenowgrow- this standard, the great battles of our civil war have been away . ingold, averaging in age from about 60 to 75 years. When they and beyond the bloodiest struggles of all history. [Applause.] were young men they gave up their business and their professions I was greatly impressed by this not long ago when reading Fox's and entered' the Army. They were prompted by the loftiest pa- Regimental Losses. In that book comparisons were instituted triotism and by the purest motives. Some of them gave up most between the losses in the great battles of our civil war and the brilliant prospects for successful careers, but they were so unfor- lo. ses in the battles of other times and other countries, and I am tunat~ as to be wounded upon the field of battle while in the line indebted to that book for the figures that I shall give. It is very of duty. If they had been as fortunate as their comrades who interesting to compare some of those figures. escaped nfiharmed and who passed through the dangers and hard- First, there was the charge of the Light Brigade at Balaklava, ships of tb,e civil war without injlll'Y, they would to-day be en- which Tennyson has made famous in immortal verse, so that we joying higher rank and increased pay, as those comrades are. have come to regard that as one of the most gallant, heroic exhi- But because they were stricken down, because they were no bitions of human effort in all history. In that charge 673 men longer able to discharge the active duties of their office, because obeyed an ill-advised order, and rode to their death. No victory they were physical wrecks, because they were wounded, maimed, was won, no results were accomplished, but it takes its place in and disabled for life, these men were retired by a peremptory history and in song because of the fatalities which attended it. order from the Government upon three-fourths pay and this pro- Of the 673 men who made that charge 113 were killed.134 wounded, vision as to the increase. When these men werf;) so retired there making a total loss of 247, or a per cent of loss of 36.7. But we was no further opportunity for promotion for them. When they had 150 regiments in our great civil war-75 on the Union side were so retired their careers as far as the Army was concerned and 75 on the Confederate side-that had a greater loss than that. were ended. The avenues of civil life were practically closed to In a single engagement each of these regiments lost over 40 per them because on account of their disabilities they were not able cent of the numbers engaged. to compete with the earnest, active strugglers who crowd every Take, again, the Franco-Prussian war, the greatest loss sus- 'avenue of labor and of thought. tained in any engagement by any regiment during that war was Mr. JETT. Do you know of any other business where any that of the Third Westphalian at Mars la Tour. It went into men are cared for by three-fourths pay outside of the Army and the engagement with 3,000 men, and it lost in killed, wounded, Navy? and missing 1,484, a loss of 49.4 per cent. But we had 120 regi­ Mr. WARNOCK. I do, sir. The Pennsylvania Raih·oad retires ments in the Union and Confederate armies that had a greater lo s its employees on a time limit on three-fourths pay. [Applause.] than 50 per cent of the numbers engaged-some as high as 60, 70, Mr. JETT. Any other employees of the Government? 75 per cent-and two regiments, one in the Confederate army and Mr. WARNOCK. I do not know of any other service or any one in the Union Army, that had a percentage of loss of over 82 other occupation that stands on the same plane that does the man per cent of the numbers engaged. 19_02. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HO-OSE. 3285

The following tables give the list of regiments, battles, numbers Remarkable percentages of loss in Confederate 1·egiments at pa1·tieular engage­ engaged, losses in killed, wounded, and missing, and the percent ments-Con tinued. of loss: • rd .p Maxim, un~ percentage of casualties. .p Ill .. 't'l bO R R r:l Ill Regiment. Battle. 01) rd R .... C) . Ul Ill ::I Ul 01) 0 rn J.t s 41) Ill""' ~ ~ ~ Ill Regiment. Battle. - - - - First Alabama Battalion ______Chickamauga ______260 24 144 ____ 64:.6 Second North Carolina Battalion. Gettysburg ______24D •29 124 ____ 63.7 ------_:_·=------11------1----- SixteenthMississippi______Antietam ______228 27 117 ____ 63.1 Twenty-seventh North Carolina_ ..... do---·------325 31 168 ____ 61.2 First Minnesota------Gettysburg------b262 47 168 ____ 82 FifthGeorgia ______Chickamauga ______317 27 165 2 61.1 One hundred and forty-first ..... dO.------=--- 198 25 103 2175.7 Pennsylvania. Second Tennessee ______.do______264: 13 145 1,60.1 2 OnehundredandfirstNewYork. Manassas------168 6 101 1773.8 Fifteenth and Thirty-seventh _____ do ______202 15 102 459.9 Twenty-fifth Massachusetts ______Cold Harbor ______310 74 139 770 Tennessee. I Thirty-sixth Wisconsin (4 com- Bethesda Church ____ 240 20 108 3869 Sixth Alabama------·------Seven Pines ______632 91 277 b9 Sixteenth Alabama------Chickamauga ______414 25 218 ____ 58.6 Twent1ethpames). Massachusetts ______Fredericksburg _____ 238 25 138 ____ I68.4 Fifteenth Virginia------Antietam------128 11 6i ____ 58.5 Eighth Vermont------Cedar Creek ______158 17 66 2367.9 Sixth and Ninth Tennessee ______Chickamauga ______: 335 26 168 ____ "7.9 Eighty-first Pennsylvania------Fredericksburg _____ 261 15 141 2067.4 Eighteenth Georgia ______Antietam ______17G 13 72 16 ·~57.3 Twelth Massachusetts------Antietam------334 49 165 10167 First South Carolina Rifles_------Gaines MilL ______537 81 22-L... . 9 First Maine Heavy Artillery _____ Petersburg------950 115 489 2800.5 Tenth Georgia _____ ------____ Antietam------148 15 6S ___ _ • .1 Eighteenth North Carolina ______Seven Days ______396 45 179 ____ 56.5 Ninth Louisiana, colored------Millikens Bend------inl 621130----64: Third Alabama ______Malvern Hill------354 'iff 163 ____ 58.4 One hundred and eleventh New Gettysburg------390 58 177 14 63.8 Eighteenth Alabama ______Chickamauga __" ______527 41 256 ____ 56.3 Tw~kenty -fourth Michigan------_____ do ______------496 69 247 (•) I63.7 Seventeenth Virginia ______Antietam------55 7 24 ____ 56.il Fifth :New Hampshire ______Fredericksburg----- 303 20 154 19 63.6 Seventh North Uarolina ____ ------Seven Days ______450 35 218 ____ 58. 2 Ninth illinois ______------____ Shiloh. _____ ------578 61 ax:J 5 63.3 Twelfth Tennessee ______StoneRiver ______29"2 18 137 956.1 1 Ninth New York (8 companies) .. Antietam------373 ~45 176 1463 T~enty-seco~d Alabama------Chickamauga ______3TI 44 161 ____ 55. 2 Fifteenth New Jersey------Spottsylvania ______432 159 3862.9 Nmth Georgia.______Gettysburg------____ 3!0 27 162 ___ _1 55 Fifteenth Massachusetts ______Gettysburg------239 97 2861.91 Sixteenth Tennessee------Stone River ______377 36 155 16'54.9 Sixty-ninth New York ______Antietam------317 « 152 -____ 61.8 Fourth North Carolina------Seven Pines------678 1 77 286 65!.4 Fifty-firstlllinois ______Chickamauga ______209 18 92 1861.2 Twenty-seventh Tennessee ______Shiloh ______350 27 115 4854:.2 Nineteenth Indiana------Manassas------423 47 168 4461.2 Twenty-third Tennessee ______Chickamauga ______181 8 77 1354.1 One hundred and twenty-first SalemChurch ______453 48 173 55.60.9 Twelfth South Carolina------Manassas------270 23 121 254 NewYork. I Fifth New York ______------Manassas ------490 79 170 4860.6 ~~:i~ ;r~~~~:~~~~~~=~~=~~~~= ·xn~~tiLill::::~=::~~~~ ~ i3 ~ ~=== ~:~ Ninety-third New York------Wilderness---··----- 433 42 213 5!60 Twenty-seventh Tennessee. ______Chaplin Hills------210 16 84 12"53.3 Secona Wisconsin .••.....•.. ______Gettysburg ....••.... 002 26 155 (d) 159.9 First South Carolina ______------:Manassas a __ ----- ____ 283 25 126 ____ 53. 3 Forty-first illinois.------____ Jackson ______------338 27 135 40 59.7 Forty-ninth Virginia ______Fair Oaks ______424 32 170 2252.8 One hundred and forty-eighth Gettysburg ••.•...... 210 19 101 5'59.5 Twenth-ninth Mississippi.______Chickamauga ______~ 38 156 ____ 52. 7 Pennsylvania. I Twelft Alabama------Fair Oaks ______~ 59 158 ____ 52.6 Fifteenth Indiana_------•••.•• ____ Missionary Ridge____ 334 · 24 175 ..... 59. 5 Seventh South Carolina ______Antietam------268 23 117 ____ 52.2 Seventh Ohio ______Cedar Mountain.•... 307 31 149 259.2 Fifty-eighth Alabama ______Chickamauga ______288 25 124 ____ 51. 7 EightiethNewYork ______Gettysburg ______287 35 111 2459.2 Seventh Texas ______Raymond------~---- 006 22 136 ____ 51.6 Sixty-thirdNewYork ______Antietam ______341 35 165 259.2 Sixth South Carolina ______Fair Oaks------521 88 181. •.. 51.6 Third Wisconsin------· _____ do ______34D 27 173----158.8 Fifteenth Georgia ______Gettysburg ______.___ 335 19 152 ____ 51 OnehundredandfourteenthNew Opequon ______315 21_ 164: ____ 58. 7 Eleventh Alabama------Glendale------= 357 49 121 1150.7 Seventeenth Georgia ______Manassas ______200 10 91 ____ 50.5 York. 1 Fifty-ninth New York------·-· Antietam------381 48 153 2358.7 Thirty-seventh Georgia ______Chickamauga ______391 19 168 7 50.1 Twenty-sixth Ohio ______Chic)mmauga ______362 27 140 4558.5 Third North. Carolina ______: ______Gettysburg------3i2 29 127 (•) 50 Second Wisconsin ______Manassas------511 53 213 3258.3 Third Maine ______Gettysburg ______210 18 59 4558 SeventeenthUnitedStateslnfan- _____ do ______260 25 118 7!57.6 •Including the mortally.wounded. ' try (7 companies). bIn addition to the 588 killed and wounded, this regiment lost J.ro missing, One hundred and twenty-sixth _____ do ______{0'2 4D 181 10 57.4 many of whom were killed. , New York. 1 •General Ewell, in his official report, states that the Second North Caro­ Forty-fifth Pennsylvania------Cold Harbor------315 18 141 2257.4 lina Battalion lost 200 killed and wounded out of 200 present. Forty-ninth Pennsylvania ______Spottsylvania ------478 50 180 4457.3 dJncluding Ox Hill (Chantilly). Sixth United States Colored.----- Chaffiri'sFarm. ______367 41 160 8 56.9 • There were 51 missing alsO, who are not included, most of whom were Fifteenth Massachusetts ______Antietam------606 65 255 2456.7 killed or wounded. Twenty-sixth New York ______Fredericksburg----- ax:J 23 136 1158.6 1 Fourteenth Indiana------Antietam------320 OOr 150 ~ ---- 58.2 The foregoing are the immortal records of more than 60 regi­ Ninety-sixth illinois------Chickamauga ...· --~-- 401 39. 134 5256.1 ments in each army, where the loss in. killed and wounded was Twenty-sixthEleventh New Pennsylvania------Jersey ______Gettysburg do ______------382275 1700 124176 12557 55.7.6 from 50 to 85 per cent of the numbers engaged. Let us make a First Michigan------Manassas ---··· ------320 33 114 3155.6 little furthercomparison. Takethegreat battle of Waterloo one Nineteenthlndiana ______Gettysburg ------288 27 133 (•) 55.5 Twelfth New Hampshire ______Cold Harbor ______001 23 129 1555.4 of the 15 decisive battles of the world, a battlewhich_decided the Sixty-first Pennsylvania ______Jrair Oaks ______574 68 152 4355.4 fate and changed the geography of all Europe. In that battle Twenty-fifth llliriois ------·------Chickamauga ______.__ 337 IO In 2454.9 Na:poleon had 82,000 men and 256 guns. Wellington, with the Fourteenth Ohio------..... do ______------··· 449 35 167 4354.5 allies, had 72,000 men and over 200 guns. They lost on each side EighthSecond KansasNew Hampshire------______ChickamaugaGettysburg ------______354400 0020 165137 3654.52554.1 in killed and wounded about 23,000 men, being a percentage of Sixteenth Maine______---·------Fredericksburg _____ 427 37 170 3454 loss of fJ:om 25 to 32 per ~ent. Turn to the great battle of Gettys­ Sixteenth United States ______Stone River ..... :.: .. 008 _ 16 134 1653.8 burg and compare It With the battle of Waterloo, and there is a Fifty-fifth illinois------Shiloh ______------512 51 197 27 53.7 Sixty-ninth New York ______Fredericksburg __: ___ 238 10 95 2353.7 wonderful similarity between the two in some respects. General Thirty-fifthlllinois~------Chic~ma~ga ____ ~-· -- 299 17 100 1353.5 Meade had in his army almost precisely the same number of men Twenty-second Indiana ______Chaplin Hills ______003. 49 87 2352.4 Napoleon had at Waterloo. Eleventh illinois------Fort Donelson ______500 70 181 (C) 50.1 Mr. BURLESON. May I ask the gentleman a question at this 1 point? •Including the mortally wounded. - · _ Mr. WARNOCK. Yes. b Action of J u1y 2; eight companies engaged; total casualties at Gettysburg were 224. Mr. BURL~SON. .~ill the gentleman_ state how the mortality • In addition to the killed and wounded, there were 47 missing. of the battles m the civil war compare With the mortality at the dfu addition to the killed and wounded, there were 52 missing. battle at San Juan Hill? [Laughter.] • In addition to the killed and wounded, there were 50 missing. rrn addition to the killed and wounded, there were·ss missing. Mr. WARNOCK. It is no embarrassment to me personally and I think that question would answer itself. None of the ba~ Remarkable percentages of loss in Confederate 1·egintents at paTticular engage­ ments. ties that I have named as battles-- Mr. BURLESON. -I withdraw the question if it embarrasses rd .p q) .p the gentleman. [Laughter.] . 't'l ~ R R rd Ill Mr. WARNOCK. I have said that at Gettysburg General Regiment. Battle. Ill R .s C) Ill Ill Ul Meade had 82,000 men, with the Sixth Corps in reserve, with 250 41) 5 tl.l J.t J.t s Ill Ill ~ ~ ~ Ill guns. General Lee had an army of 72,000 men, with 200 guns. - - - The losses were 23,000 on each side in that engagement, almost First Texas------Antietam------···· 226 45 141 .... 182.3 identical with the losses at Waterloo. Twenty-first Georgia------·-- Manassas------242 38 146 ----176 Now, let us compare Gettysburg and Waterloo with some of the T_wenty-_si;t~ N <;>rth Carolina ____ Gettysburg------820 86 502 (b) ,71. 7 other great battles of history. The battle between the French Sixth MiSSJSSlPPL -----.--..... _... Shiloh.--- ______425 61 239 ---}0. 5 Eighth Tennessee _------Stone River ______and Russians at Borodino was perhaps the bloodiest battle since Tenth Tennessee------Chickamauga ______~ ~ rsg ==== ~ ~-2 the invention of gunpowder; there were 30,000 men killed on each Palmetto Sharpshooters______G-lendale ______----- 375 39 215 ___ _'67. 7 side. But_as each army numbered over 130,000, the per cent of Seventeenth South Carolina ______Manassas------284 25 164: 166. 9 loss was less than at Gettysburg and less than at Waterloo. Twetynty-third Sout~ Carohna ______do--.----.------225 ~ 122 ----!6566.2 For -fourthGeorgm ______Mechamcsville ----- 5H 264---- ~.1 Mr. OTEY. Can not the gentleman account for the difference 3286 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MARCH 26,

in the lo s by the fact that at the battle of Gettysburg and other out, a little remnant of them. 90 men out of 310 who made that battles he has named the soldiers on both sides were Americans? charge. Where there were stich lo es inflicted, it is only fair to Mr. WARNOCK. Why, sir, that is the point of my argument, say that equal losses were inflicted in turn, and so I caU attention and I am glad the gentleman has seen it in advance. It is because to the First Texas at Antietam, with its 226 men. having 45 killed they were Americans. Take the great battle at Leipzig, where and 141 wounded, being a loss of 82.3 per cent. I come again to Napoleon had 175,000 men and wheretheallieshad on the fu·st day the question asked me by the gentleman from Virginia in regard 275,000, increased on the next day by reenforcements to 330,000. to the Twenty-sixth North Carolina. That I regard as one of the There were about 40,000 killed on each side. Yet the very large most remarkable instances in all history. That regiment was 820 numbers engaged in that battle made the per cent of loss very strong. It had 86 killed and 502 wounded, making a total of 588, much less than at Gettysburg or Waterloo. It would be interest­ or 71.7 per cent. That was on the first day's battle; but the most ing to compare other battles, but I will not weary the House. remarkable part of it is that this regiment on the third day's fight Mr. OTEY. I would like to make one statement by way of turned up with a little remnant of 216 men out of their 820, and correction of the gentleman's remarks. If he will go to the War participated in that gallant charge, and came out with only 80 men Department he will find by the records that at the battle of Get­ left. [Applause.] tysburg the Twenty-sixth North Carolina Regiment (I am from That I regard as the most remarkable loss in all history. There Virginia) lost 90 per cent. was a company in that regiment-Captain Tuttle's company­ Mr. WARNOCK. I have that in the record; but I did not read that went in with 3 officers and 84 men. They came out of that down to it. I will comment on that a little furthe1· on. with only 1 officer and 1 man. Another remarkable fact about Mr. BURLESON. Just one more question, ~f the gentleman th11t contest was the greater loss of officers in proportion to the will aJ.low me. enlisted men. There were 110,090 men killed in action in the Mr. WARNOCK. Certainly. Union Army. Of these 6,365 were officers and 103,725 enlisted Mr. BURLESON. How does the ratio of brevets which were men, being 1 officer to 16 men. The regiments as organized had confe!"red as the result of the battle of Gettysburg compare with 1 officer to 28 men; but when they were depleted the average be­ the brevets which were conferred as a result of the sanguinary came 1 officer to 21 men. It is not claimed that this increa e of conflict which took place at San Juan Hill? loss on p::u·t of the officers is due to any greater bravery on their Mr. WARNOCK. I thought the gentleman had withdrawn part but because they were charged with greater responsibility that question. ·and were made the tru:gets for the sharpshooters and others. Mr. BURLESON. Well, if itisembarrassingto-thegentleman, The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. . I will withdi·aw it. I withdraw it. Mr. HENRY of Mississippi. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous Mr. WARNOCK. As I said, it is not embarrassing to me per­ consent that the gentleman be given time to finish his remarks. sonally. I wa about to say that the greatest loss of a single Mr. HULL. How much more time does the gentleman want? regiment on the Union side in any one engagement was that Mr. OTEY. Let him finish. of the First Minnesota at the battle of Gettysburg. During Several MEMBERs. Let him finish. the second day's fight, when the Union Army was driven back Mr. WARNOCK. I will not take over ten or fifteen minutes. from Emmetsburg road in disaster and defeat, General Hancock M:x:, HULL. I yield ten minutes more to the gentleman from was making a wonderful effort to establish a new line. He had Ohio. but one regiment at hand, and that was the First Minnesota, Mr. WARNOCK. As my time is limited, I pass on to a little numbering 262 men. While he was having the reenforcements incident which I think is a tribute well worth preserving. Gen­ hurried up, he saw suddenly marching from a clump of trees eral Scott was asked on one occasion before he had resigned his Wilcox's Confederate brigade. He saw from the position and active command of the Army, "Why is it that it takes you so rapid movements of that brigade that they would occupy, unless long to get into Richmond, Va., when you got into the City of he could prevent it, the position that he regarded as the key to Mexico in such a short time?" His answer was, "Because some· that part of his lines. Seeing the extremity to which he was re­ of the men that are keeping me out of Richmond are some of the duced, he rode to Colonel Colville, commanding the First Minne­ men that helped me get iil.to Mexico.'' [Applause.] sota, and, pointing to the advancing colors, gave the order, ''Take ·And now it is proposed to take away from the old battle-scarred those colors." Without a moment s hesitation the gallant Min­ heroes that helped to fight these battles, that helped to make the e nesotans charged upon those colors. A desperate hand-to-hand immortal records-it is proposed to take away from them the little conflict ensued. The advance of the Confederate brigade was increased pay which they were allowed by a generous Government checked, but 215 of the First Minnesota Regiment were left upon thirty years ago, when their services had not been forgotten. that battlefield dead or wounded and bleeding. The47, however, [Applause.] who went back carried the colors with them. That check saved Ml·. HULL: Will the gentleman permit me just a question that line from disaster on that day. [Applause.] there? I will yield him the time to make it up. General Hancock, speaking of it afterwards, said it was the most Mr. WARNOCK. Certainly. gallant deed recorded in history. "I needed," he said, ,; a few Mr. HULL. Is it not true that those battles were largely fought minutes in order to repair my lines. I saw that if I could not by the volunteer? check the brigade that was advancing my line would be broken Mr. WARNOCK. Why, certainly. and the position would be lost." It was the position at Little Mr. HULL. Does the gentleman understand this as affecting Round Top; and he said "I would have ordered that regiment in the volunteer? to make that charge if I had known absolutely that every man Mr. WARNOCK. I do not. would have been killed. I was glad thatihadaregiment so near Mr. HULL. Is it not true that the volunteer that lost a leg at hand willing to make this great sacrifice." The loss to that would get from 35 to $40 a month? regiment on that day was 82-flo- per cent. Mr. WARNOCK. Yes. Mr. OTEY. Will the gentleman yield to me now for another Mr. HULL. Is it not true thattheregularwho lost a leg would question? get three-quarters of his pay at that time? Mr. WARNOCK. Certainly. Mr. WARNOCK. Yes. Mr. OTEY. Is it not recorded in the War Department that ihe Mr. HULL. Does the gentleman think, as justice between the Spanish army at Santiago positively refused to surrender until regular and the volunteer, that the one should have, say, 2,000 they were requested to do so? [Laughter.] a year and increase that every year for twenty years on there­ - Mr. WARNOCK. Well if the gentleman will ask me anything tii·ed list, and the other never get but the one? about the war I was in I will be glad to tell him, so far as I know. Mr. WARNOCK. The cases are not parallel. When the vol­ I was not at San Juan, and I was not in the Spanish war. I wrote unteer went into service it was simply an episode in his life. He to the President (I have his letter on file) and he thought I was a went for three years. little too old to go down to Cuba and Porto Rico; so that I am Mr. HULL. But he lost his leg? not posted as to that war. Take, again, the One hundred and Mr. WARNOCK. He did; but when the Regula1· Army officer forty-first Pennsylvania Regiment at Gettysburg. That regiment went into that war or into any other war it was his profession; it went in with 198 men and they lost in killed and wounded 149, a was his business for life; he was fitted for that, and for nothing loss of 'i5.7 per cent. I shall not attempt to discriminate further, else. except to say that the most pathetic incident, to my mind, in that Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota. Will the gentleman allow me a entire struggle was when the Twenty-fifth Massachusetts at Cold question? Harbor was ordered to make the charge at that place, which his­ Mr. WARNOCK. Why, I can not get through with what I tory condemns, which General Grant hiniself condemns, which haye. the men themselves, with a keen instinct, knew was a blunder. Mr. HULL. I will yield the time. Notwithstanding this these same men deliberately began writing Mr. WARNOCK. Verywell. their names on slips of paper and pinned them on the inside of Mr. STEVENS of ¥in.nesota. Does the gentleman know how their blouses, that their dead bodies might be identified, and with many officers who participated in the war of the rebellion would that staring them in the face, they made the charge and came be affected by the provision to which he refers? l902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE~ . 3287 ·

Mr. WARNOCK. Iknowthis- . mittee, on the 8th day of March I introduced a resolution direct­ Mr. STEVENS of .Minnesota. Does the gentleman know how ing an inquiry to the Department of State with reference to its many? alleged refusal to issue certain passports to the Rev. Dr. Thomas Mr. WARNOCK. I can not give you the exact number. and his wife to visit the concentration camps in South Africa, to Mr. STEVENS of .Minnesota. Well, we can. relieve the distress of the noncombatant women and children Mr. WARNOCK. I know that there are 700 retired Army offi­ there confined. cers. On the 14th of that month this resolution, having been in the Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota. And only about 70 of them are meantime broadened in its scope by the Committee on Foreign affected by this bill, so that I do not believe the gentleman can Affairs, was reported and unanimously adopted by the House. I name three who are affected by this provision, and all this talk contend that neither the inquiry with reference to this matter about the gallant conduct of officers in the war of the rebellion originally propounded to the State Department, nor the inquiry refers to the volunteers. It does not refer to those veterans of provided for by the resolution adopted has been answered in the Regular Army who have been on the retired list for so long spirit or in letter. and who are drawing an increased amount every five years. Many times during the past two years the chief officer of the Mr. WARNOCK. I know positively that that statement is not State De-partment has been denounced as an Anglomaniac and as true. I know that the regular infantry regiments of the Army a pro-lliitish sympathizer. In the press and upon thisfloorithas of the United States participated in every great battle of that been charged that through his instrumentality this Government war. And I know, personally, several officers of the Regular was being used as a buttress for Great Britain in the prosecution Army who were wounded in one or other of those great battles of the unholy war she is conducting in South Africa. and 1·etired with low rank, and one who lost both legs and was I have never indulged in this harsh criticism against the officers retired as lieutenant. of our State Department. It is not my purpose now to indulge Mr. HULL. Well, he gets three-quarters of that pay. in any harsh language against the head of the State Department; Mr. WARNOCK. Certainly, he does. but it is my purpose by the utilization of irrefutable logic applied Mr. HULL. Now, just right there~ Suppose he had been a to indisputable facts and circumstances, wJrich I shall lay before captain of infantry in the volunteer service, what would he have you, to demonstrate that in this matter he deserves at the hands got? of every true American condemnation for his derelict conduct. I Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota. What portion of what he now wish to be perfectly fair in this discUBsion and do not desire to g~ts would he get? reach any conclusion not justified by the unquestioned facts. Mr. WARNOCK. He would have gotten the various rates that In the first place, what inquiry was originally made of the Sec­ are established. retary of State; what action did Governor Yates and his commit­ Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota. He would get about on.e-third of tee, the parties at interest, attempt to secure at his hands? I will what he gets now. submit it to the candid judgment and determination of every Mr. WARNOCK. That is very true; but if he had not given honest man_in this House that the query propounded and the up his life and given up his business and given up his profession action solicited at the hands of the State Department was clearly to go into the Regular Army he would have had a business and made manifest as early as January 7 in a letter to the State De­ a profession to which he could have returned at the close of the partment by Mr. Van Vlissingen. war when he was disabled; but he had no such business; he had That what was wanted was clearly understood by the State De­ no such profession; he was not fitted for anything else; he was a partment is disclosed by Mr. David J. Hill, of the Department, in soldier, trained as such-a professional soldier-and unfitted for his reply, dated January 9, 1902, to this letter of Mr. Van Vlissin­ any other pursuit. gen, member of " Governor Yates's Boer Relief Fund" committee. What is the rea-son ur~ed now for this proposition? The reason Now, what action was asked at the hands of the State Depart­ that has been suggested IS that the law disCiim..in.ates between the ment? What did the representatives of Governor Yates and his volunteer and the regular. I say it does not. The regulars stand relief committee seek to obtain from the Secretary of State? on a different footing. One reason urged is that these men have They wished to enlist the good offices of the Secretary of State no vested rights in the increased pay. This law was enacted sub­ of the United States to secure a permit from the British war office sequent to the time that these gentlemen entered the service, and for Dr. Thomas and his wife to proceed to South Africa upon as the law can be repealed they have no vested rights. I grant their charitable mission to relieve the dying women and children that that is true, but I never expected to live to see the day when there confined in concentration camps. Am I doing the Secretary the American Congress would calmly and deliberately weigh the of State an injustice? Let us see. claims of the old veterans by a mere cold, legal statement of I read from a letter of Mr. David J. Hill upon that point. It is vested rights. Why, to my mind the old crippled officer with known to everyone that an ordinary passport can ~e secured by one leg or one arm or bearing on his body honorable scars of pain­ making an affidavit before any notary public to American citi­ ful wounds received in the defense of his country has a more zenship and applying to the passport clerk in the State Depart­ sacred claim, because of his disabilities, than could ever come by ment. The intervention of the Secretary of State or other high any mere cold, legal vested rights. I do not believe that the time officials of the State Department is not necessary to secure pass­ has come when the American Congress or the American people ports. In the letter referred to, Mr. David J. Hill, the First As­ . are ready and willing to economize at the expense of courage and sistant Secretary of State, uses this language, speaking with refer­ patriotism and valor in order that they may squander their mil­ ence to what was necessary if Dr. Thomas undertook the mission lions for mere tinsel or show or some useless public improve­ contemplated: ment. [Applause.] The Department is informed that a permit should be procured from the Mr. PALMER. Does this provision take away anything that Biitish Government by every person desiring to pro.;eed to South Africa, the officer has been getting? and that no person unprovided with such permit is allowed by the authori­ ties in Soutli Africa to land, except under special circumstances. Permits Mr. WARNOCK. It takes away the increased pay that was are issued by the colonial secretary in London on production of satisfactory allowed in 1870 for every five years of service, so that if an officer evideuce from the United States embassy that the purpose of the contem­ were retired before 1870 it would take away the 40 per cent that plated journey is legitimate, etc. he has been receiving for the years after twenty years had elapsed. Consequently, gentlemen, I am justified in my statement that In other words, the law only gave this increase at the rate of 10 the State Department was exactly advised of what was wanted per cent for each five years, and when his service was twenty before Mr. Knight, acting for the Boer relief committee, ap­ yea1·s, then the increase stopped. So that it makes 40 per cent pointed by Governor Yates, first visited the State Department. of his salary, and these men have adjusted themselves to that Furthermore, in a letter which is printed in the CONGRESSIO~A. l. manner of living and their families have, and I regard that as an RECORD, Mr. Knight uses this language in reference to that visit: additional reason why these men in their old age, with one foot in In order to secnre the admittance of Dr. Thomas to the concentration the grave, should not now be treated in that way by a generous camps, howeYer, it was realized that it would be necessary to first secure Government. passports [pel'lll.lts] from the British war office- Mr. PALMER. Will they get as much in the future as they The British war office- have been getting in the past? That is what I want to know. to enable him to proceed to his destination. Mr. WARNOCK. Not if this provision prevails. The 40 per He knew that this permit was absolutely essential, and his sole cent of their pay will be taken away. mission to the State Department was to enlist the good offices of Mr. PALMER. Then I am with you. the Secretary of State in order to secure it. Now, is it possible 1\fr. NORTON. And we are all with you, as far as that iscon­ that I am mistaken about this? cerne:l. [Applause.] Let us go one step further and see. In addition to this letter, Mr. HULL. I ask the gentleman. from New York now to pro­ which ha-d been addressed by Mr. Van Vlissingen to the Secretary ceed in his time. of State in the early part of January, and the reply of Mr. Hill, Mr. SULZER. I yield twenty minutes to the gentleman from which disclosed what was necessary to have in the way of per­ Texas. mits and what was wanted, Mr. Knight, before he visited the Sec­ Mr. BURLESON. Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the com- retary of State, secured an interview with the chairman of the . 3288 CONGRESSIONAL REOORD-HO USE. MARCH 26,

Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate, and clearly ex­ Precipitately, without having official knowledge of the existence plained to him his mission. of the resolution, the Secretary of State (according to the statement Now, if only an ordinary passport was desired, if the applica­ of the gentleman from illinois [Mr. HITT]) wrote a letter to tion was to be made for a simple passport, what would have been the Committee on Foreign Affairs in answer to an inquiry which the necessity of securing the intervention and assistance of the was set forth in the resolution as originally introduced. The great chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the scope of this resolution was subsequently broadened by the Com­ Senate? mittee on Foreign Affairs to recite and meet the true conditions, Every man here knows that the chairman of that great com­ and of course to the resolution thus broadened the letter of the mittee ought to be versed in international law. Secretary of State was no answer. Every man here knows that if Mr. Kni_ght had gone to him to Jn my opinion, in the light of what had transpired-but I forego ask his assistance to secure a simple passport that he would have the expre sion of an opinion and submit the question to you-was replied, "There is no necessity for it. Go to th9 pa sport clerk not the letter thrust before this committee and subsequently read and get it." Mr. Knight informs you that in the archives of the to you an attempt to evade the real issue? After this letter from Secretary of State's office there is a letter from Senator CULLOM, the Secretary of State was read by the gentleman from illinois, chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations, laying this the resolution, broadened in its scope, as I have shown, was unani­ matter before Mr. Hay, setting forth in detail what was desired mously reported and unanimously adopted. Conditions remained by the Boer Relief Fund Committee. Let me read further from in statu quo until March 17, at which time this letter was ad­ Mr. Knight's letter, and it has bean published for days, and has dressed to the honorable Secretary of State by Mr. Knight: never been questioned and can not be contradicted. The honorable SECRETARY OF STATE, I first went to Senator CULL0::\1, of Illinois, and explained to him the nature . Washington, D. 0. of my mission. He then gave me a note to Secretary Hay, again explaining Sm: I had the honor to present a written communication to your Depart­ what I sought, as it had been stated to him, and speakin~ a high word of menton the lith instant, r~uesting your good offices to secure, through the praise for the character of Dr. Thomas, with whom he IS personally ac­ British ambassador in Washington or such other agency as you might deem quainted. best, a permit from the British authorities to enable Dr. and Mrs. Hiram W. Thomas to visit the Boer concentration camps in South Afrinoble affection for liberty that is entertained on sion, is, in fact, prompt and frank, as is apparent to anyone who this side. Yet you are silent. Why is it? Because you are sus­ will look a moment candidly at it. - taining an Administration whose policy it is to crush out the love A resolution was introduced making an inquiry of a Depart­ of liberty in the Philippine Islands-suppressing and destroying a ment. A copy, as is customary, was sent to the Department. people who are endeavoring to control their own country. We The Secretary of State, instead of evading, answered immediately are engaged in the same business as Britain. in a note which is before you, which compactly states the facts;· • The truth is a spirit of commercialism, which has marked the and none of those long details and conjectures about what was beginning of the decadence of every great nation, has taken pos­ requested for :Mr. Thomas, which are read from letters in the session of om· peoi?le. I fear we have reached the period in our newspapers and uttered by the gentleman, are necessary to know history when we love dollars more than we do right and justice, the simple facts. A request was made to the Secretary, first, for a when we esteem conq·1est and power more than we do liberty passport. He said, "Yes," at once, and, more than that, •' I will and freedom. give letters to all those with whom I can have any influence to 3290 CONGRESSION.A L RECORD-HOUSE~ ~{ARCH 26, forward this work." "Inquiry was then made "-I quote the slavery, as an illustration of one of the many grave questions Secretary's letter-" whether this Government would ask of the which the dominant party has forced upon the country in its great British Government permission for :M:r. and Mrs. Thomas to go folly in the East. at will through the British military lines and camps, a suggestion In doing so I wish to correct the impression sou_ght to be left which I thought impracticable." bythedistinguishedgentJemanfromMas achu etts LMr. J.\.fooDYJ, That was the necessary answer which would be given in such who will soon be called to the head of the Navy, and who will, I case. Permission could no doubt be obtained to visit those camps am sure, worthily wear his great and new-found honor. In the ''under surveillance,'' as has been granted the Germans; and such com·se of his remarks early in the session he attempted to show permis ion would be given to anyone properly authorized present­ that slavery did not exist in the Philippine Islands with the ing the request from the State Department or from our minister approval or consent of the United States Gove1·nment. If the in London. The Secretary states further, showing his willing­ House will give me its attention, I shall undertake to show that ness to aid, that " he is ready at ari.y time to consult with a repre­ not only does it exist with the approval and consent of the sentative of Governor Yates," and Governor Yates is the man Government, but that it has been made and is now a participator who inspired and set in motion this-whole work of contributions and copartner in that iniquity. by people for the benefit of the distressed Boer prisoners, "as to Acting under orders from the President, General Otis, who was the best means of getting into the proper hands tlle sums con­ at the time military governor of the Philippine Islands, directed tributed by charitable people in illinois for the relief of the suf­ instructions to General Bates to enter into negotiations with the ferers by the war in South Africa." I have no official informar Sultan and the datos of the Sulu Archipelago with the ultimate tion as to any action that has taken place since. I have reason to object of entering into a "written agreement," subject to the believe that the wishes of Governor Yates and of that committee approval of the authorities and designated General Bates the have been or are being di cus ed. "agent on the part of the United States military authorities in I do not know the state of affairs, but one of the gentlemen the Philippine Islands." The following is a part of the instruc­ connected with the committee has said to me that they were in tioru:: communication about it, and we may believe from the prompt­ The United States will accept the obli~tions of Spain under the agree­ ness with which the Secretary acted and the spirit that he has ment of 1878 in the matter of money annruties, and in proof of sincerity you will offer as a present to the Sultan and datos 10,000 (Me:rican), with which shown that the PID'POSes of the good people to relieve the sadness you will be supplied before leaving for J olo, the same to be handed over to and suffering in South Africa will be carried out. I do not "Wish them, respectively in amounts agreeing with the ratio of payments made to to detain the House in further discussion dragging this matter them by the Spamsh Government for their declared services. From the 1st of September next and thereafter the United States will pay to them regu­ out. It has been talked over at such length, with such repetition larly the sums promised by Spain in its agreement of 1878, and in any subse­ and such bitterness, that further talk does not add much. Our quent promises of which proof can be furnished. Go\ernment has repeatedly shown the sympathetic spirit that The United States will promise, in return for the concessions to be herein­ animates it toward the South .Africans. We have offered our after mentioned, not to interfere with but to protect the Moros in the free exercise of their reli~Pon and customs, social and domestic. :md will respect mediation when other nations did not. When it was refused, we the rights and dignit1es of the Sultanandhisadvisers. It promises not to in­ have again and again in the most public manner that a national terfere in their affairs of internal economy and political administration fur­ ther than to respond to their reque ts for assistance, or to render supervisory utterance can be given, stated om· willingne s to mediate again action through advice and instruction in those special features of adminis· whenever we can to bring about peace or mitigate the sufferings tration connected with the development of trade and agricultural resources, that come from such a dreadful war. I do not think it necessary and the methods of conducting and employing the same for the improve­ ment and efficiency of government. to answer the epithets- and vituperations of the gentleman. I It agrees to :insnre to the Sultan and his people the enjoyment of these merely call attention to the statement of the real facts, embraced right.s and privileges against all foreign nations, and will declare all trade of in thi ten-line letter of the Secre.ta;ry. [Applause on the Repub­ the Sultan and hiS people with any portion of the Philippine Islands, con... ducted under- the American fiag, free, unlimited, and undutiable. It de· lican side.] mands, of course, the right to exercise control over the places within its ~fr. SULZER. Mr. Chairman, I yield thirty minutes to the actual occupation. · gentleman from Tennessee [Mr. PATTERSON]~ In return for these promised assru·ances, the Sultan and his chiefs, ac­ knowledging the sovereignty of the United States, should stipulate to per­ Mr. PATTERSON of Tennessee. Mr. Chairman, the Ameiica:o. mit that Government to occupy and control suclL points in the islands as the people have asked and are now asking why it is that the enor­ execution of the obligations which it assumes makes necessary, whether f01· mous appropriations for the military establishment of the Gov­ na-val or military operations against foreign. aggression or to disperse at-· tempted piratical excursions. They should agree to accept anclfiy on all oc­ el'nment show no signs of substantial diminution. casions, and continuously, the American flag, as the emblem and proof of This bill carries with it the sum of 90,880,934.41, a little less United States sovereignty. than the amount canied for 1901, but larger than the amount ap­ Armed with these instructions as-the accredited agent of the p:riated for the year·1900. And this in spite of the fact that in the Government, with the money fmnished by General Otis, knowing two preceding years large numbers of tr0ops were quartered in full well that slavery existed throughout the Sultan's dominions, Cuba and the insurrection in the Philippine Islands was flagrant. General Bates started upon his mission, the result of which was· But now we will oon withdraw all our troops fi·om Cub~, and the celebrated treaty or agreement bearing his name. we are told that conditions in the archipelago are highly fa-vor­ In Senate Document No. 136, not furnished until February 1, able, that the maj01ity of the provinces are pacified, and that 1900, after the Senate resolution of January 24, 1900, had been armed resistanc-e to our sovereignty is unorganized and confined passed requesting its production is found the reports relating to to a few mal-contents in remote regions from the city of Manila. . the culmination of this agreement, the Amelican people being In glowing terms we are told of the general peace which prevails, kept in entire ignorance of the facts up to that time. and yet we are to send and maintain under this bili a standing A careful reading ofi the interviews between General Bates, the army in the islands of upward of 40 000" soldiers. But this is no Sultan and the datos, who are next in authority to the Sultan, new promiser We- were told in the beginnino- that the insurrec­ discloses a state of facts in which a great government is made tion, if such it can be called, would soon be quieted and that peace to play an undignified and puerile role, not to speak of its futm·e would prevail throughout the archipelago~ responsibility arising from these unpardonable transactions. We have been told from time to time in the press dispatches, If the situation was not one of the most grave import, the com­ by military authorities and by our Republican friends, that these ical features of the daily peregrinations of General Bates about heavy burdens imposed upon the Amelican taxpayer would be re­ the ports of the archipelago and the reported dialogues between duced; but we have spent in the- hitherto vain attempt to subju­ himself and the Sulu dignitaries would at least be amusing if not gate the Christian people of these islands the stupendou.S sum of instructive. There a·re many instances, one of which I shall in­ over $500,000,000, and yet the appropriations go on, the insnn-ec­ sertas a fair sample of our consideration toward the slaveholding tion still lives1 and whatev-er of peace prevails is at the point of Moro ~ and as showing the performance of our " Christian duty," the sword. Not only have these vast amounts been expended in about which our Republican fliends are so wont to prate. The the inglorious and unsuccessful effort in the East, but we ha-ve interview is as follows: slain or wounded nearly 100,000 people whose sole affront has CO~RENCE BETWEEN GE..~. J. C. BATES AND DATOS CA.LBI AND JO.A.KA.NA..IX, been that they sighed for liberty, and without it were ready to HELD AT THE RESID"EYCE OF DATO CA.LBI, NEAR JOLO, P. I., AUGU T l!l, 1899. die. To accomplish this the American soldier has too often gone GENERAL. Tell Data Joa.kanain that we would have been down to see out full of promise and hope to find a grave in those unhappy him at his own house, but we did not get back in time from our trip, and ar­ and distempered islands or to return broken in spirit and wrecked ranged to come here to-day as we heard he would ba at his brother's, and that the visit is to him aS' well as to his brother. in health to become an inert pensioner on the Government. . Say that we have been very glad to feel tha-t both he and his brother are But, 1\Ir. Chairman, the time at my disposal is limited and I do good friends to us, and we hope we will always keep good friends and be bet­ not purpose to enter into an extended or general discussion of this ter friends. Dato Jo.AKANAIN. He thanks you. very much. question, reserving this for a future time when the government GEl."'ERAL. Tell him when my Government sent me down here they told bill relating to these islands shall be presented to the House for me to mako presents to those that I found were good friends and I think he its consideration. and his brother are good friends to us, and I want to make them a present from the Government. I am talking the same to both, Data Calbi a.nd But I shaU now submit a few remarks upon one feature o:f the himself. situation there relating to the practice and continuation of human You can also tell him we have enjoyed the races very much, and will be

.. 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD~HOUSE. 3291

glad to see him to-morrow. Tell him I give them these because we regru.·d ART. VIII. Piracy must be suppressed, and the Sultan and his datos agree them as friends. to heartily cooperate with the United States authorities to that end, and to (Each dato presented with flag and bag of pesos.) make every possible affort to arrest and bring to justice all persons engaged Dato CALBL They receive it with thanks. He says things are turned inpimoy. around. It was customary if people came from another country that they ART. IX. Where crimes and offenses are committed by Mm·os against should take something away from it, and he says you have taken nothing Moros, the government of the Sultan will bring to trial and punishment the from the country, but have given them something. He will take it, he says, criminals and offenders, who will be delivered to the government of the Sul­ because whatever he could give you would be worthless, and so he will not tan by the United States authorities, if in their possession. In all other cases give yon anyt!!ing. persons charged with crimes or offenses will be delivered to the United States GEXERAL. Tell him we want to build up a trade here. We want to sell authorities for trial and punishment. American goods and buy what the Moros have to sell. We want to bs good ART. X . .Any slave in the archipelago of Jolo shall have the right to pur­ friends and !3XPect to make our exl?enses that way, as this is the way Ameri­ chase freedom by paying to the master the usual market value. cans make the1r money, by increasmg trade and improving conditions in the ART. XI. In cases of any trouble with subjects of the Sultan the American country. authorities in the islandS will be instructed to make careful investigation Dato CALBI. He says he has got several daughters, but he is very glad to before resorting to harsh measures, as in most cases serious trouble can thus tell you to-day he got a son. be avoided. GENERAL. I cong'l·atulate him very heartily. ART. XII. At present, Americans or foreigners wishing to go into the (Refreshments served.) country should state their wishes to the Moro authorities and ask for an es­ cort, but it is hoped that this will become unneces..."3.ry as we know each other For the information of that part of the American people who better. may not know what a peso is, a bag of which was presented to ART. XIII. The United States will give full protection to the Sultan and these fortunate datos, I will explain by saying that it is a Spanish his subjects in case any foreign nation should attempt to impose upon them. • dollar, and that the flags presented. were those which "should ART. XIV. The United States will not sell the island of Jolo or any other never come down. ~ ' How like the Republican party this asso­ island of the J olo Archipelago to any foreign nation without the consent of ciation of the flag and a bag of money! The old flag and an ap- the Sultan of Jolo. ART. XV. The United States Government will pay the following monthly ' propriationl It is little wonder that these particular datos are salaries: '' pacified,'' and we behold their signatures to the infamous Mexican dollars. agreement which was shortly thereafter consummated. To the Sultan_------250 These scenes were repeated, gifts of money and presentations To Dato Rajah Mnda ______------75 of flcgs, "refreshments," and an era of brotherly love and good To Dato Attik ------·------·------60 feeling begun, which up to this hour is still undiminished. To Dato CalbL _____ ------···------7'5 Tha Sultan himself seems to have resisted these blandishments To Dato Joakanain ------7'5 for a while, but the redoubtable General Bates finally had an'' in­ ~~ B:~ :rcii~-iiussill-::::::::::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ~ terview; " the Sultan was presented with " several" American ~~ ii:~{ ~:&::::::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ~ flag .$1 500inmoney,andan agreementtopayhim 250permontb To Sel'if Sagnir ------_----- _------. _____ -----· ---·-- ______------15 indefinitely, and he t.oo, became" pacified" and a firm friend of Signed in triplicate, in English and Sulu, at Jolo, this 20th day of August, the Government. The only apparent halt in these negotiations A. D. 1899 (13 Arabuil, Abrill517). between General Bates and the SUltan was in regard to his own JOHN C. BATES, and the American flag, whether he should use his or our flag at Brigadier-General, United States Volunteers. his capital and on his excursions in the surrounding waters; but mutual concessions and forbearance settled this delicate interna­ tional point of etiquette, and )Joth were agreed to be flown, the ·stars and Stripes just a little above the Sultan's flag. Having settled this delicate point to his own satisfaction, and in a manner consonant with the " dignity" and" duty" of a great and baneficent government, General Bates and the Sultan had ~'refreshments '' and parted the best of friends, the general sail­ ing away to report the 1·esult of his arduous labors, leaving the Sultan, nolding the American flag in one hand and a bag of silver in the other, to retmn to the ministrations of his slaves and the delights of the harem, and with a profound respect for the Ameri­ can Government and the uplifting force and beneficent influence of American institutions. "How would you like to be the Sultan of Sulu?" would form a striking title for a comic opera, and Senate Document No. 136 would furnish all the material for a successful production. Happy man! Joint sovereign with the United States Govern­ ment; secure in his wives and concubines; his slaves unmolested; guaranteed protection in all his rights, temporal and spiritual; with American money to spend and the American flag to secure This treaty or agreement, Mr. Chairman, is not only wholly un­ him and his numerous posterity forever in the enjoyment of these worthy of our Government, but criminal as well, involving us, as great and varied blessings. [Laughter and applause.] it does, with the maintenance of the religion of the Moros, which The following is the treaty: recognizes slavery in all its varied forms, and their customs, which AG~ countenance polygamy. _. Between Brig. Gen. John C. Bates, representing the United States, of the one part, and His Highness the Sultan of Jolo, the Dato Rajah 1\Iuda, the Dato But the distinguished gentleman from Massachusetts read the Attik, the Dato Calbi, and the Dato Joakanain, of the other part; it bein€1 letter of the Secretary of War, after this treaty was signed, ad­ understood that this agreement will be in full force onl~ when approvea dressed to General Otis, and which is as follows: by the governo1·~general of the PhiliJ?,pine Islands and confirmed by the President of the United States, and will be subject to future modifications WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, October S7, 1899. by the mutual consent of tho parties in interest. Sm: The President instructs me to adviseyou that the agreement signed ARTICLE I. The sovereignty of the United States over the whole archi­ August 20,1899, between Brig. Gen. John C. Bates, representing the United pelago of Jolo and its de-pendencies is declared and acknowledged. States, of the one part, the Sultan of Jolo, the Dato Rajah Mnda, the Dato ART. II. The United States flag will be u...c:ed in the archipelago of Jolo and Attik, the Dato Calbi, and the Dato Joakanain, of the other part, is confirmed its dependencies, on land and sea. and approved, subject to the action of Con!?ress provided for in that clause ART. ill. The rights and dignities of His Highness the Sultan and his datos of the treaty of peace between the United 'States and Spain which provides, shall be fully respected; tho Moros shall not be interfered with on account "The civil rights and the political status of the native inhabitants of the ter­ of their religion; all their religions customs shall be respected, and no one ritory hereby ceded to the United States shall be determined by Congress," shall be persecuted on account of his religion. and with the understanding and reservation, which should be diStinctly com­ ART. IV. While the United States may occupy and control such points in municated to the Sultan of Jolo, that this agreement is not to be deemed in the archipelago of Jolo as public interests seem to demand, encroachment any way to authorize {)r give the consent of the United States to the exist­ will not be made upon the lands immediately about the residence of His ence of slavery in the Snlu Archipelago, a thing which is made impossible by Highness the Sultan unless military necessity requires such occupation in the thirteenth amendment to the Constitution of the United States. case of war with a. foreign ]?,OWer; and where the property of individuals is At the same time when you communicate to the Sultan tbe above­ taken due compensation will be made in each case. mentioned understanding, tha President desires that you should make in­ .Any person cc.n purchase land in the archipelago of J olo and hold the same quiry as to the number of persons held in slavery in the archipela~o, and by obtaining the consent of the Sultan and coming to a satisfactory agree­ what arrangement it may be practicable to make for their emanCJpation. ment with the owner of the land; and such purchase shall immediately be It is assumed that the market price referred to in the agreement of AuguRt registered in the proper office of the United States Government 20, 1899, is not verr high at present and it may be that a comparatively ART. V. All trade in domestie products of the archipelago of -&1?,. when moderate sum, which Congress might be willing to appropriate for that pur­ carried on by the Sultan and his people with any part of tlie .t"nilippine pose, would suffice to secure freedom for the whole number. Islands, and when conducted under the American flag, shall be free, un- It is needless to suggest that the inquiry should be prosecuted in such a limited, and undntiable. _ way as not to create the impression that we now have authority to make ART. VI. The Sultan of Jolo shall be allowed to communicate direct with such an arrangement, and in such a manner as not to create extravagant the governor-general 6f the Philippine Islands in making complaint against expectations. the commanding officer of Jolo or against any naval commander. Very truly, yours, ELIHU ROOT, ART. vn. The inu·odnction of firearms and war material is forbidden, Secretary of War. except "l.llder specific authority of the governor-general of the Philippine Maj. Gen. E. S. OTis\ Islands. Commanding Unirecl States Forces in the PhiUppines, Manila, P. L 3292 CONGRESS! ON AL RECORD-HOUSE. MARCH 26,

From this letter he derives the conclusion that the United States Governor Taft fm·ther stated in his testimony before the com­ Government did not consent or approve the continuance of slavery mittee that the dato or master had the power of life and death in these islands, but how weak the position is when the treaty is over his slaves. In the second volume of the Philippine Com­ approved, and not one thing has been done from the time it was mission Report, page 85, Maj. C. J. Sweet, an officer at Jolo, on signed up to the present to vary, alter, or modify a single term. March 28, 1901, testified, in response to inquiries by the commis­ Of course the Secretary of War was compelled to say the Gov­ sioners, as follows: ernment did not recognize slavery. That was a fact before his SYNOPSIS Oll' INTERVIEW HAD BY THE COMMISSION WITH MAJ. 0. J. SWEET, letter of approval, and the statement of the Secretary did not COID1.ANDING OFFICER, JOLO, P. I., MARCH 28, 1901. make or change it, for the inhibition is written in the Constitution In response to inquiries, Major Sweet stated as follows: itself. Slavery among the Moros originates in three ways-by capture, by debt, and by heredity. Practically all the slaves favor emancipation. Applica­ That the Constitution is opposed to slavery; that every good tions for freedom are received almost daily eight or ten having been re­ man, including the gentleman from Massachusetts. is needs noth­ ceived within the vast few days. Did not think the slaves were treated with ing but the statement, but in spite of the Constitution-in gross great cruelty; at times were whlpped and at times killed outright if they dis­ pleased the' datto." Being asked whether the slaves were used as concu­ disregard of it, to the shame of the .American people-we have ap­ bines, he stated that the term "concubine" was a distinctive name applied to proved it, and are protecting it not only by a treaty but by subse­ an attendant upon the women of the harem; that the concubine was often a quent promises not to interfere with the religion and customs of slave. All female slaves\ however, were always subject to the desires of the master; that was recogruzed by the Koran. Said that a slave followed the the Moros. mother; could sell father without the mother. Understood there could be Long after the letter of the Secretary f War was written we marriages between slaves by consent of owner. Did not understand that find repeated assurances from Governor Taft that the Commis­ Slich consent deprived owner of right to sell father without mother. sion did not intend and would not interfere with the religious In order to show that manumitted slaves may have an oppor­ customs and tribal relations of the Moros. The following is an tunity to rise, Major Sweet cites an instance as follows: excerpt as published in the report of the Philippine Commission, Manumitted slaves could rise to positions of trust and honor if they showed page 102: themselves competent. Cited the case of the man Janarin, who was a slave and notorious liar, whose mouth had been slit from ear to ear, but was sub­ INTERVIEW OF COMIDSSION WITH VARIOUS MORO DATOS. sequently, though a slave, placed in charge of a village to re_present the busi­ COTABA TO, Afternoon of April 2, 1901. ness interests of his master; that is, to collect the tax levied upon the indus­ PRESIDENT (addressing Spanish interpreter). Say to hlm · (Moro inter­ tries of the people. preter) that we would be glad if he would express to the datos who have honored us by coming here our pleasure in seeing them-. Say to him that we From which we may infer that in order to fit a slave for a posi­ come here with the friendliest feeling to contiri.ue the policy which has been tion of responsibility after his manumission it would be nec­ introduced by the worthy military officers now in command; that we would essary to slit his mouth from ear to ear, or at least this operation not deprive a single Moro of a just right which he has heretofore enjoyed; that we are not here to take their country from them or to make profit out would not interfere with his efficiency. of them; that anything the Government of the United.States may do h~re, Major Morrison, in an interview by the Commission at Zam­ through its representatives, will be directed solely to the prosperity and best boanga, March 31, 1901, made the following statement as illus­ interests of the Moro people; that we do not come here to interfere with their form of government, but onl:y to see to it that justice is administered trative of this system: and that peace and equity are mamtained; that nothing could be further Most of the Moros obtain slaves by stealing children or by making war from our purpose than an interference wlth their worship of God as they and capturing them. I do not think the Zaboangans deal in slaves much. choose, according to their own religious beliefs; that the foundation stone of They are a different class from the others. The people of Digan Bay made the American Republic is tolerance in religion, and the entire separation of some trouble and captured some slaves, and one of their sultans was coming church and state, and that the Moros will be left to practice their religious down here, and he brought a woman and two children to a little island up rites as they choose. here and sold them to a Chinaman. An acquaintance of mine was in there one day and saw them. This man asked the Chinaman what he bought them The history of article 10 is instructive. It was a subject of for. "I am going to feed them for a few months and then get a good price some controversy between General Bates and the Sultan whether for them," he replied. When I was down in Tawi Tawi they were selling the price at which the slaves could buy their freedom should be girls 15 years old for from $5 to $15. I had a girl offered to me for $36 Mexican. fixed at a definite figure or not, but the Sultan insisted that it We must all agree that at some tirrie, if we are to hold these should be at the" market price," and our agreeable and compla­ islands as a permanent possession of the Government, slavery cent agent, unwilling that so small a matter should interfere with must cease, and that we will be compelled, as a matter of na­ amicahle relations, consented to this proviso. tional honor, to exterminate it; and when that time shall come .According to article 10 it will be seen that the slave working we will have a war of fanaticism with the Moros far more seri­ for nothing is secured in the inestimable. privilege of purchasing ous than that with the Christian Filipinos, and we can see in the his freedom, and we can better understand this boon which the future increasing appropriation bills for the Army and growing .American flag has brought to him when we are informed that he pension rolls as a result of the strange cruise upon which theRe­ could have thus purchased his freedom long before the acquaint­ publican party has launched the ship of state. ance of General Bates and the Sultan of Sulu was formed, and be­ -Governor Taft" on this subject, in the first volume of the Phil­ fore the Stars and Stripes were apparent in the archipelago. .An ippine Commission Report, page 37, says: interesting problem in mathematics would be, How long would it An attempt at the present time to use force in securing the liberty of Moro take a slave working for nothing to buy his freedom at the '' mar­ slaves would inevitably provoke a fierce conflict with a brave ana warlike ket price? '' people, and, so far as the slaves themselves are concerned, would meet with little appreciation. If, on the other hand, the refusal onthepart of the Gov­ .And we may inquire of our Republican friends to-day, What is ernment to recognize slavery is :persisted in, and the taking or purchasing ot the" market price" of a slave in the Philippine Islands? What new slaves prevented, the question will settle itself in a generation without are the market quotations in the Sultan's price current? bloodshed or the bitterness necessarily engendered by an armed strife. Taking the Republican view, we have paid $20,000,000 to Spain -That these views of Judge Taft, to the effect that this question for the whole Philippine .Archipelago, which includes the Sultan's will settle itself, are not only optimistic, but will simply postpone so-called dominions, and our title is indefeasible to the whole. the day when the conflict shall come, will be understood by every Yet the United States Government is placed in the miserable at-­ man who has studied this question or has any knowledge of Moro titude of negotiating with the Sultan for trading privileges, bar­ laws and customs. tering with him for military positions of occupancy, just as if he :Mr. Chairman, I hope I have not approached the discussion of was in fact a foreign potentate, and agreeing in return to protect this question from any narrow partisan standpoint, or to be un­ him in the religion and customs of the Moros, as well as their derstood as charging that either Governor Taft or the military tribal relations. .And the unenviable position of the dominant authorities are in favor of a continuation of human slavery, but party with reference to this treaty is that to free the slaves the facts do wan·ant the assertion made in the beginning that it would be a gross breach of faith toward the people with whom is being protected by the United States Government and either the agreement was made, while if its continuance is permitted silently or actively approved by every agent who has dealt with and protected, as it has been in the past and up to the present the question. time, it is to bring dishonor on the nation and shame to all citi­ The facts laid before the country can not fail to inspire s~nti­ zens of the Republic. ments of -the deepest concern to the American people. EXTENT OF SLAVERY, ITS CHARACTER, .AND ·HOW SLAVES .ARE OBTAINED. If the observations of those not connected with the Govern­ In his evidence before the Insular .Affairs Commitlee of the ment and who profess to speak from personal knowledge are true, House Governor Taft estimated that there were from two hun­ they disclose a much worse state of affairs than here presented. dred and fifty to three hund.I·ed thousand slaves in the Moham­ But I have purposely refrained from coloring the situation by medan countries of the archipelago, and, in addition, in the :first reading from other reports, but have contented myself with pre­ volume of the United States Philippine Commission, page 38, he senting the facts as gathered from the testimony of military offi­ says: cers taken by the Commission, and that of Governor Taft him­ It should be understood that slavery in the Philip_pines is by no means self. I shall not stop now to contrast the harsh treatment of the confined to the Moros. It is common amon.&- the wild Indonesian tribes in Christian Filipino with the regard manifested by our Government the interior of Mindanao and among the wild Malayan tribes of northern toward the Mohammedan Sultan and the infamous system which Luzon. If the evidence of credible witnesses is to be believed, some of the wild tribes of Mindanao sacrifice their slaves to propitiat~ their heathen is a part of his religion further than to say that if the Christian divinities. had received the same treatment as the Mohammedan much of 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 3293 . ruin would have been prevented and much of treasure and hu­ soldier, down among all of our military men, and of the most keen man life would have been saved. observers on the outside of the military ranks, is that the prohibi­ We appeal first to the dominant party to end this intolerable tory statute enacted against the post exchange was a grave mistake. condition of affairs and demand that the thirteenth amendment Its theoretical object and ultimate purpose was no doubt to make to the Constitution be made as effective in the Philippine Islands total abstainers of the soldiers. This is a purpose which never was as it is in the States of the "Gnion. Failing in this, our next ap­ accomplished by law in the wide world since Adam fell. Th ! peal will be to the American people to put a party in power attempt has been made over and over again, and over and over pledged to the independence of the Christian peoples of those again has it failed. The statutory law in that instance conflicts islands, and who will either wash its hands of this miserable busi­ with the natural and inalienable rights of the individual. For ness in the East or see to it that nowhere under the protection that reason it falls to the ground every time it is placed on the of the American flag shall a single human being be held in bond­ books, and becomes inoperative. That has been the fate of the age. [Loud applause.] prohibitory law in the Army. It has been the common fate, and Mr. SULZER. Mr. Chairman, I trust the gentleman from ever will be the common fate of all such laws. Iowa [Mr. HuLL] will now use some of his time. It is a fact which is of record that when the post exchange was Mr. HULL. I do not know that we care to use over thirty min­ abolished the men simply went outside the camp to get their re­ utes at the outside-to close. freshments, their stimulants, and their relaxation. The prohi­ Mr. SULZER. Well, if that is so, we will go on and consume bition of the canteen did not make abstainers of them. Their all of our time. personal liberty had been seriously abridged and ruthlessly tam­ Mr. HULL. If I should have any applications for time, I shall pered with, but the end aimed at was not attained. of course expect to come in whenever my friends want to speak. They became the easy prey of unscrupulous dealers doing busi­ I do not surrender my rights. ness on the immediate outskirts of the military camps who were Mr. SULZER. I yield twenty minutes to the gentleman from after their pitifully small wages as the hawk is after its victim by illinois [Mr. KERN]. selling them stimulants at exorbitant prices. The goods sold to Mr. KERN. Mr. Chairman, when the proper time arrives the men under the operation of the departure are seldom of a high under the five-minute rule I shall take occasion to offer the follow­ standard of excellence. As a rule they are vile decoctions, adul­ ing amendment to this bill: terated to increase profit, reeking with poisons which palsy and Provided, That the Secretary of War be instructed to authorize the reesta. b­ kill. The result is too well known to require specification before lishmentand restoration of the Army canteen as it existed under the rules in men of the intelligence and world knowledge which I am con­ force previous to its abolition by Congress: And be it f urther provided, That vinced the members of this House possess. Riot, disorder, brawls, the provisions of all acts in conflict herewith are hereby repealed. suicides, murders, insanity-and this is a sad and deplorable The Army canteen, Mr. Chairman, which is sometimes called fact-disease, and death are the inevitable consequences. These the "post exchange," was, as I understand the subject, nothing are the fruits of a blind and misguided zeal, the white-robed spec­ more or less than a place maintained by the regiments in our ters of a vain and complacent fanaticism which has taken the Army which desired to maintain it, at which refreshments and place of reason and practical every-day common sense in the ad­ stimulants of the milder sort were served to the members of those ministration of our Army affairs. regime-nts who were both willing and able to pay for what they Simply by way of emphasizing my contention I beg leave at received under the regulation and restraint of the military this point to submit, for the consideration of this House, a press authority. telegram from Omaha, Nebr., dated March 15,1902. It is one out To say that these places were during the time of their existence of many which have, during the last decade, appeared in the pub­ disorderly; that they were the scenes of the drunken ribaldry ~, of lic prints throughout the length and breadth of this land. This disgra-ceful orgies, and of excessive indulgence in intoxicating was printed in the Chicago Chronicle, a newspaper of wide and drink, to the extent of making them injurious to the health and general circulation and of acknowledged reliability so far as its morals of our soldiers, is to impeach the' character of the Army news columns are concerned. With the indulgence of the House for efficient discipline and to characterize the military authority I shall read it: as weak and impotent. OMAHA, NEBR., March 15, 1!Xm. I deny that in the period when the canteen was tolerated by the A car of insane soldiers passed through the Union Station to-day. They were ei~hteen in number, and they are being sent from the Phili~pinestothe Department of War and when its operation was sanctioned by soldiers hospital at Washing:ton. Every one of the eighteen is VIolently and the military officers the discipline in the Army was more lax than incurably inEane. Their wild, haggard faces peer ed menacingly through it is now or that the government of the posts was la-cking in that the windows of their coach, their manacled hands wildly threatened the on­ lookers, and their fiendish shrieks and laughter echoed through the depot. firmness and resolution which is so essential to the preservation Few of them were apparently diseased in body. of good order and the attainment of the highest degree of efficiency The maniacs were m charge of a squad of soldiers armed with clubs. The in the troops. Yet Congress has seen fit by legislative enactment guards said, in reply to questions, that a consignment of a score or two score of maniacs from the Philippines was by no means unusual. The affliction is to prohibit the continuance of the post exchange. due either to the heat and unhealthy climate of the Philippines or the in­ I have not the slightest doubt in my mind that this step was dulgence in the Fllipino "vino" and other liquors sold ther e. taken in obedience to a sentiment which aimed to bring about an The malady is of a violent and persist ent nature and will not respond to entirely meritorious reform. It was done in the interests of any treatment that has yet been discovered. , sobriety and with a view of purifying the lives of the soldiers; MEN R,A VE LIKE BEASTS. with the view of improving their physical health, elevating As the Union Pacific train from the West pulled into the station this after­ noon there was a sound as of a m enagerie approaching. The imprisoned men their morals, and advancing the men who have enlisted to fight were chattering, snarling, moaning, and whining like wild beasts, and the the battles of our country in an intellectual way. This commend­ noise was terrifying to the spectators. able purpose no good man will try to bring into reproach by the Depot employees and trammen who passed the car, not knowing of the presence of the maniacs, were greatly frightened when they heard a snarl of use of either ridicule or criticism. Far be it from me to do so. rage and then looked up into fiendish faces, which had their lips drawn back It should be encouraged and upheld at all hazards. It should be and teeth exposed. One unwitting man famted from horror and fright and made the guiding star not only in our military, but in our civil was compelled to receive medical aid. life. It furnishes a foundation strong enough and broad enough ALL WEAR HEAVY IRONS. on which to build a nation. It should be the text of our most The condition of the maniacs was pitiable in the extreme. All were abso­ effectual sermons. It should be the gist and pith and core of the lutely mad and violent. Every one of them wore leg irons and handcuffs, and some were in strait-jackets and bound to their seats in the car. Most system of our universal education. of them are young men. But I deny that the abolition of the canteen has established or Their car was turned over here to the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul even approached that much-to-be~desired condition of things. I road, which will take it to Chicae;o. assert. on the contrary, that the change involves a movement in the Reestablish the Army canteen and your cases of pitiable insan­ opposite direction. We have had a sufficient trial of both plans to ity caused by the consumption of the vile and death-dealing '' vino place us into a position to form an intelligent judgment on this and other liquors sold " in the Philippines will no longer disgrace matter by calm analysis and fair comparison of the two. Instead our Army records or mar the pages of our public journals to of introducing habits of greater sobriety in the Army, the aboli­ stand as a rebuke to pmud, manly, liberal, self-respecting, and tion of the canteen has substituted inebriacy for moderation in patriotic Americans. [Applause.] the use of intoxicants among the soldiers, periodical sprees for This question of the sale and use of intoxicating beverages can steady and noninjnrious if not healthful indulgence. Instead of be regulated by discreet and wise action; but it can not be settled improving the health and morals of the soldiers, that move has with hammer and tongs and prohibition laws, and its proper solu­ proved fatal to both. Instead of improving the order of tbe tion can not with safety be left to the impractical and inexpe­ Army posts, it has resulted in demoralization and wanton dis­ rienced nor to unreasoning zealots with a cause to promote by any obedience to the command. A fair trial of the new method sort of partisan trickery or political bulldozing. The testimony ought to serve to convince reasonable men that the means em­ of experienced Army officers is solidly against them on this mat­ ployed are not merely illy suited to bring about the end aimed at, ter. The common sense of this entire nation is against them.. but that they are subversive and absolutely destructive of it. The heart and the brain of every boy in blue is against them. The universal opinion from General Howard, that Christian In the post exchange none but goods of attested v11rity an~ the 3294 -_ CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-. HOUSE. M.AR.OH -~6,

best quality were sofd to the men. The medical authorities in the very word were obsolete as it is applied to the kind of mur­ the Army saw to that. That was not sold to them in excessive derous and exterminating warfare which our so-called mother or injurious quantities. The officers of the Army saw to that. country is carrying on in the interests of despotism, tyranny, and The milder class of stimulants only was dispensed to the men at red-robed kingcraft in the Transvaal. the canteen. The rules provided for that. When a man was. But as long as you do need soldiers treat them as men en­ found to be drinking to excess) to the extent of showing signs of dowed with all the attributes of a sturdy and robust manhood intoxication, he was unceremoniously hustled to his quarters, an while they are living; not only as heroes when they are dead. eye wa-s kept on him in the future, and he was punished for his They fight the battles of om· country. They fa-ce the dangers of indiscretion. the :field. They endure the hardships of the camp. They make At all times he remained under the observation of his superiors. the long and weary marches. They defy the fiercest elements. When he became lost to his sense of responsibility he found him­ They say the long, perhaps the last, good-by to the loved and self in charge of comrades with authority over him who were in loving ones at home. They carry the flag and keep the old banner full possession of their reason and who were fully responsible for in the breeze. They leave their blood, their limbs, their lives on their acts and alert to preserve the order, the honor, and the good sanguinary battlefields. They suffer untold agonies in the hos­ name and characte1· for decency of the camp. Furthermore, the pitals of pain. They cheerfully lay all they have on earth on the incentive for selling to the soldiers in excessive quantities was altar of their country in willing sacrifi.Ge. Then let them enjoy entirely removed. No individual made any profits by the sale. some of the comforts-some of the sweets mixed with the hard­ These went into the hands of trusted officers who expended the ships, the perils, and the bitterness of life. proceeds impartially among the men for more palatable and more In God's. name do not deny to them what you demand for your­ abundant rations. selves, my colleagues. You have your canteen. Nobody molests Many a highly appreciated dainty was purchased with the seem­ it.. The Senate has its canteen. No one disturbs that. Then let ingly trifling surplus of the canteen which made many a poor heart the soldiers of this Republic have and enjoy their canteen unmo­ glad and shed one ray of welcome sunlight into its homesick f\Jld lested and undisturbed. Restore to them the personal liberty which disconsolate recesses. Under the same provision the incentive of you have taken away from them. Protect them against the leeches, overcharging the soldier was wholly wiped out. So that the the tin-horn gamblers, and the prostitutes who linger around Army canteen was the greatest promoter of temperance which the Army camps to fleece and rob them. Have some regard for the posts have ever known. It was the best safeguard to the their health, their comfort, and their moral being. Let them be health and the morals of the men. It dealt with conditions and American freemen, proud of the flag under which they are fight­ with human nature as it found them, in the most sane and sen­ ing, imbued with an unwavering love for the country they gave sible way. It preserved the order and elevated the dignity of the up home to serve in obedience to all commands. In this spirit of camp. It recognized the individual liberties of the men; and let entire toleration and perfect fairness, and with this purpose of no man contend that they surrendered these when they donned promoting the cause of true temperance among our soldiers and the uniform to brave the dangers of hell in defense of the flag of preserving their personal liberty, I shall submit this amendment our great country. [Applause.] for your candid consideration. [Loud applause.] A soldieris not a convict. He does not enter the gates of a peni­ Mr. SULZER. Mr. Chairman, I yield to the gentleman from tentiary when he enlists in the Army. If true, self-reliant, hon­ Arkansas. m·able manhood is neededanywhereitis in the Army. All of the Mr. LITTLE. Mr. Chairman, there is no disinterested citizen liberty compatible with efficient military discipline belongs to the who has observed the enormous growth in the appropriations in soldier and it should be sacredly preserved for him. He does not this country· for the last thirty years, and especially for the last surrender his tastes or his appetites when he dons the uniform, five years, who does not stand amazed at its proportions. . · and reasonable and tolerant men do not expect him to do so. N o1· There is a general tendency in all branches of the Government can he change his habits of life in an hour. Perhaps he is not toward extravagance rather than economy. The old doctrines, willing to change them. The strongest ties that bind human so­ founded in wisdom and right, that the Government should be ciety together are the habits of the people. They can not be economically administered and that taxation should be limited to broken by caprice nor by a pet fad. They are bands of most tena­ the amount found necessary for this purpose, have no place in the cious steel, and it takes as many centuries of persistent hammer­ modern statesmanship of the dominant party. ing to break them as it took ages to forge and mold them. May That Federal t~ation and extravagant expenditures have that day be far off when the habits of liberty, loved and worshiped reached the limit of endurance a brief comparison with the for­ by the American people, are crushed under the iron heel. mer history of the Government will clearly establish. The sentiment which bids us go forth to our cemeteries where I desire to submit a statement of the comparative expenditm·es rest the heroes who have kept om· flag in the sky on the 30th day of the Government for ten~year periods, beginning with the year of May each year, to do them reverence and commemorate their 1840, and giving the sum tOtal fo1· each of these years, as well as deeds by laying flowers on their tombs, marked and unmarked, the amount per capita of the population. of the known and the unknown dead, is a tender and touching one, The following table shows the amounts expended for the years which does honor to us as a nation and which should be perpetu­ mentioned: ated as long as the words liberty, justice, and equality are in­ Amount scribed on om· standard (applause); but while we should weep Year. Net expense. per fox the fallen, and while we should keep their graves green and capita. bury them each year, ~gain and again, beneath the wealth of spring, with sprigs and garlands borne by willing hands to their 1840.------·-- ---·------__ ., __ --··-- ---·-- ---·------$24,317, 579.00 $1.42 silent chambers of dreamless rest, we should not forget the earthly 1850.------39,54.3, 492. ()() 1. 'il needs and the human wants of the living in our t-earful sympathy 186() ______------·-- --·------·------63,130,598. ()() 2. 01 and endearing solicitude for the dead. 1870.------··· ------..... ---- lrl9, 653,561. ()() 8. 00 189(t1880.------_. ___ .••.•••...... _ ---·.------___ ..• ______:_------. 31287,6428, ,958710.. ()() 5. 34rJ7 On fame's eternal camping ground oro, oo Their silent tents are spread, 1900.------·------.. ------·------674,981,022. 00 8. 84 And glory guards with solemn round 1901.------710,150,862.00 8.13 The bivouac of the dead. 1902.------· ------·-··--·------729,911,683. ()() 9. 06 Believe me, my colleagues, as soon as you abridge the personal 1003 (estimated) .•.... ---·------· ....•. --····--·--·---- 800,848,318.00 9. 89 , liberty of the soldiers of this Republic beyond the point of human I do not believe, Mr. Chairman, that $800,000,000 will meet the endurance and in wanton violation of our sa-cred traditions of lib­ obligations that have been and will be decreed by this session of erty, you deter the flower of America's manhood from carrying Congress. I feel quite certain that this amount is not an extrav­ arms under the flag. agant estimate. Carrying arms! Would the time wm-e past when man's in­ We have in the United States and Territories at this time, in humanity to man makes it necessary for anyone to can-y arms. I round numbers, 22,000,000 male population over 21 years of age. wish there were nomorewars. Would thatb1ight day had come So it will be seen that the expenses of the Government for the and that golden era been reached when we could discharge the fiscal year 1903 will be equal to a charge of $36.36 against every whole Army and apply the immense snms of money which these man in the United States over the age of 21 yea1·s. This is more bills appropriate to some useful and humanitarian purpose. Were than twice as much as the cost of the Government for the year we honest and sincere in practicing what we preach there would 1890, 12 times as much as it cost for the year 1860, and 30 times be no more human blood voluntarily shed. what it cost for the fiscal year 1840. These figures speak for them­ Ez fer war, I call it murder; There you hev it, plain and flat. selves and need no comment to warn the taxpayer what may be I don't want to go no furder expected from a continuance of the highest tariff laws that ever Than my Testyment fer that. existed in this country. I sometimes wish that the very word war were obsolete, par­ When the amounts collected from the people· through the ticularly when I reflect on the kind of miserable, inglorious, land­ taxing laws of the Government are in excess of the legitimate grabbing, and Uberty-destroying warfare we are engaged .in demands of the Government and a la1·ge and growing surplus . carrying on now in the distant islands of the somber sea. I wish accumulates in the Treasury, one·of three things must happen- 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE.- ' 3295 ' ~~------r------either the taxes must be reduced or the expenditures m11St be in­ the bill to increa.Ee the salary of the Supreme Court judges, which creased or the surplus paid upon the national debt, so a.s to absorb has already passed the Senate. the continual accumulations in the Treasury. Then of necessity This bill, if it becomes a law, will give the Chief Justice, who all those interests tlli'lt enjoy protection at the expense of the peo­ now receives $10,500, a salary of $13,000 per annum and each of ple under the tariff laws, in order to perpetuate the bounties they the eight associate justices, who now receive $10,000, a salary of enjoy, are especially interested in the expenditure of the public $12,500 per annum. These men hold their offices for life, and at moneys. I think I may safely say that this will account for many the age of 70 may retire from duty and continue to draw their of the schemes now being pressed before Congress asking for ap­ salaries during life. Under these circumstances I believe their propriations and throw light upon many of the expenditures made. salaries are already high enough and should not be increased. I Take as an illustration the course of our Government in the think any lawyer who will read the decisions of this great court Philippines. Who is it that would be bold enough to assert that on the insular cases will decide that they are now overpaid, at if the Supreme Court had decided in the insular cases-as many least some of them. of us believe that they ought to have done-that Congress had no A bill is also pending to increase the salary of Senators and right to impose tariff taxes on imports from those islands that Representatives to $7,500 per year. This bill should not pass, and the Republican party would not now be favoring the relinquish­ I know it will not if I can prevent it. These bills show the gen­ ment of that country to the people thereof? eral tendency in every department of this Government. The policy pursued in the Philippine Islands since the conclu­ Another evidence of not only extravagance, but special and un­ sion of peace with Spain has furnished the excuse for not only just legislation, is the ship-subsidy bill. This bill has passed the continuing the trust-breeding tariff but the war taxes long after Senate and is now pending in this House. Not desiring to discuss they might have been repealed. That policy, Mr. Chairman, has it at this time, I will only say that it is a bold attempt to transfer not only been a great wrong upon the people, but it has been a $100,000,000 from the pockets of the people to the favored ship­ most expensive one on this country, both in men and money. owners, and the party responsible for its enactment, in the event Now, more than three years since the conclusion of the peace of its final passage, will witness the transfer of power to enact treaty with Spain, we still have an army there greater than the laws to other hands. standing army of the United States at the beginning of the war Now, Mr. Chairman, coming to the direct cause of this condi­ with Spain. 1\Iore than 30,000 men are there, at a cost of over tion of affairs in public legislation, I attribute it in its inception $50,000,000 annually, and no ma:n can predict when it can bema­ and growth largely to our pres~mt system of taxation. terially reduced if the present policies are pursued. When the first law was passed authorizing a tax not for the I do not intend to enter into a general discussion of the policies purpose of raising revenue but for protecting special interests, being pursued the1·e in that far-off land, except in so far as it is the seeds were sown from which we are now reaping the ripened nece saryto show its cost to the people of this country. No abso­ fruit. Not only in burdening the people with overtaxation, but lutely correct estimate can be made, but I believe everyone will in compelling them to pay tribute out of their honest earnings to concede that $300,000,000 is not only conservative, but is a lowes­ the most gigantic trusts that ever disgraced not only a free gov­ timate of actual expenditures on account of our army in the ermnent but any government on the face-of the earth. You can Philippines. This may seem a trifling amount to some, but to not turn your attention to any line of manufacturing industries men who earn their livelihood by daily toil, and contribute more without being confronted with combinations seeking to control then their share to the payment of these moneys its amount can and monopolize such industries. be appreciated. Indeed, there is hardly a single important industry in the whole It is estimated that the cost of the Revolutionary war was country free from the dominating influence of this evil in our $135 193,703; the war with Great Britain, in 1812, $107,159,103; commercial life. No man who has not given the subject more than the war with :Mexico, 100,000,000. Total cost of these wars, passing attention can appreciate the stupendous proportions of $342,352,806. The e three wars combined with their wonderful these combinations in the last few years and especially since the achievements cost but little more, indeed, if any more, than we enactment of the Dingley tariff law. have already expended in the senseless attempted subjugation of I will at this point submit a summary or statement recently ap­ the Filipinos. But this is not all the cost. Our army there is pearing in the New York Journal, the accuracy of which will not giving us a pension roll that will last for half a century. be doubted, showing the organization of these combinations for There have already been allowed something over 500 pensions, the years 1900 and 1901. · and there are pending over 4 500 more claims originating from The summary shows the c:tpitalization for each month of the service in the Philippines, and the number is rapidly increasing. current year, with comparisons for 1900: What total sum this will cost in the end no one can tell, but that it will run into many millions is apparent. Month. 1001. 1900. Not only this, Mr. Chairman. This policy made the excuse for $105, 250, (XX) $IDS, 'roO, (XX) increa ing the standing Army from 25.000 men to an army of 79,500,000 12-1, 350, OOJ 100,000 when at its maximum, and which can not under existing 100, 500, (XX) 502,900,, (XX) 166, :n>, (XX) The partisan pre s tells us that the war in the Philippines is over. July------.------238, 325, 000 185, 700, OOJ August ______------·------57,400,000 99,900,000 "No one believes this, and, judging from proposed legislation, it is September ____ ------____ . _____ ...... ______66,800,000 90,700,000 not expected to end for a long time. The general opinion is that October_._. ___ ...... ______.... ______164,600, (XX) l28,950,(XXJ for at least ten years we will be compelled to keep an army of November------____ ------___ _ 508, 850, !XX) 165, 7i5, (XX) from 25,000 to 30,000 men there. Total ______------3,205, 00'>,000 2,255, 075,000 In the urgent deficiency bill, which passed the House, some weeks ago, $500,000 was appropriated for the establishment of a These figures are not only startling butdemonstrate that unless military post near Manila. The pending bill appropriates 1,500,- checked by national legislation these trusts will soon control with 000 for the shelter and protection of soldiers on duty in the Phil­ an iron hand the various interests covered by their monopolies and ippines. These items show beyo:p.d doubt that we may expect our leave the people the helpless victims of their remorseless greed. army to remain in that country for years to come if the present Mr. Chairman, I will at this point call the attention of the policies are not repudiated by the people. I will submit at this House to the profits disbm·sed in dividends during the year 1901, point statement of expenses of military establishment since 1890. which amounts to a grand total of 238 830,633. statement of expenditm·es on accauntof "Militm-y establishment" (support of The following statement will give their dividends more in detail: the Army and Military Academy), for the fiscal yea1·s 1890 to 1901, inclusive. l!iDUSTRIAL DIVIDENDS IN TWELVE MOSrHS AMOIDo."T TO ALMOST A QUAR· TER BILLION DOLLARs-THE DECEl'IBER DISBURSEM.E..~TS. The disbursements for dividends by industrial corporations in December amounted to Sl7,991,!m. Nearly two-thirds of this total is due to the Stand­ im1893--- == ~~~= ••• ===~===~~=====------=====:~=== =~~~=~======------======1:m:m:23,377,828. ~35 ard Oil Company and the United States Steel Trust, which will jointly pay 1894------..• ------·------··-----·------23,665,156.16 their stockholders S12,883,638. The grand total fol' twelve months is $Z38,830,633, as will be seen from the f- ~: ~~~:~~~~~~~=~::::!~~~~~ :=~~~~\ =j~:::~::~::~: ~ ~!:~:::~~:~: ~:=~ j 1:i i subjoined summary: t:i ~ =:::::::::::::::: ======~~==: ~==== =:::: ======~=: ::::: 1~: ~::: ~ Total.------______------____ ------.------681,539,062.25 Amount forapproJlriated 1903 (estimated)_ for 1902------_____ . ______------···· ------·-· .______------116,728,655.6299,849,436. 45 11 Now, Mr. Chairman, returning to the many plans at home-in onr own country-asking admission to the public Treasury, I de­ l;lll~llli!!~l~i!!llii!!;lllliil !!11i~;l~i;!ijjii;!;il1111 sire t::> call attention to the universal demand for the increase of December------. ______------_----- __ ------______------______17,991, !m salaries of Federal officers. In this connection I call attention to Total ...... ------·--...... ------·------· 238, ~.633 3296 OONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MAROH .26,

Now, ~f r. Chairman, I desire to call the attention of the House If American steel costs in this country $1.65 when the identical particularly to two of these organizations, the Northern Securi­ kind of American steel can be bought in England for 95 cents, no ties Company, with a capitalization of 400 000,000, and the United man can well afford to insist that this trust ought longer to be States Steel Company, with a capitalization of $1,404,000,000. allowed to fleece the American consumer. The first named was organized for the pm'Pose of controlling This condition is true not only as to steel, but equally true as and dominating a great railroad combination, and if it succeeds to hundreds of other articles of commerce that enter into the daily will open the way for the complete consolidation of the great needs of our people. railways of thecountry. The evils to follow from the consumma­ These monopolies are completely protected against foreign tion of this plan can only be measured by the demands of such competition in our own markets by the high tariff rates that combinations and the evils of freight discrimination and exces­ must be paid upon foreign goods before they can enter into our sive freight charges, although in many instances now intolerable, markets. . will be multiplied many times over. I can not now go further They have, by consolidations, destroyed competition at home, into the discussion of this organization in line with what I wish and can with impunity add practically the rate of tariff duties to to say, but I will content myself by now stating that the party in the selling price in the home markets, and the people are power­ control of the affairs of this Government, by refusing to legislate less in their hands unless relief is given by legislation. against this threatened crime against the commerce of the coun­ The remedy in most instances is simple-remove the tariff from try, are taking upon themselves a fearful responsibility-one that trust-made and trust-controlled articles and commodities and you must in the near future prove the undoing of the Republican party will break the shackles from the hands of the American con­ or end in the complete overthrow of the rights of the people. sumer and independent industries and strike the trusts a stagger­ The United States Steel Company, organized for the purpose of ing blow. Why not do it? Why should the American consumer dominating and controlling the i.J.·on and steel industries of the be longer held in bondage to such monopoly? Who can justify his country, is the greatest single trust in the world. own course before the people that refuses to join in the struggle I refer to the following statement in the report of the Director to right this indefensible wrong? Where is the man that can of the Census for 1900, showing its total capitalization and also justify a condition that will admit of the sale of American goods the different companies that have been absorbed by it and the in foreign markets, and at a profit after paying freight, cheaper total capitalization of each of the constituent companies: than the same article can be bought in our own market by our own people? This injustice, this.iniquity and open robbery can Total author­ ized capitali­ not be justified upon any ground. It is indefensible and intoler­ zation. able. This condition has been brought about hy Republican legisla­ United States Steel Corporation------······-·-- $1,404,cxx:l,cxx:l tion. The same party that is now in power is directly responsi­ ble for it. They brought it into existence by legislative favorit­ Constituent companies: Total . .. ______.... ____ ...... ism. They loved and protected it, and they are now maintainin_g 829, 434, (XX) and defending it. It is vain and useless for the people to hope The Carnegie Company ______...... · .... ____ ••.. ------160, cxx:l, (XX) and expect relief at their hands. They are powerless to grant it. American B_ridge Co~J:!pany __ .... ---; ____ .... ------____ 70,cxx:l, (XX) The slavery of those who dominate that party to monopoly is com­ Lake Superwr Consolidated Iron Mines .... ------...... 30,cxx:l,cxx:l Federal Steel Company ______------_ ..... _------200,cxx:l, (XX) plete and they can not extricate themselves from its grasp, and American Steel and Wire Company of New Jersey.... 90,cxx:l,cxx:l their overthrow must precede the overthrow of the trusts. National Tube Company ------80,cxx:l,cxx:l Great as that party claims to be, it can not agree upon any fair National Steel Company ______------...... 63,434, (XX) American Sheet Steel Company------53,000,cxx:l or liberal trade relations with Cuba. That this great party has American Tin Plate Company------···· 50,cxx:I, on its hands now one of the greatest contests within its ranks American Steel Hoop Company ...... ------33,cxx:I,(OO that has threatened the harmony of its councils in years over a Shelby Steel Tube Company------...... proposition to reduce the tariff rates in favor of Cuba 20 per cent of the Dingley rates for only two years upon her making like The net earnings of this company for the nine months ending concessions in our favor. The principal produce of the island is December 31, 1901, amount to the fabulous sum of $84,779,298. sugar, and the existing rate of duty is equivalent to 86 per cent Mr. Chairman, all the products manufactured or controlled by ad valorem. Yet the Republican majority are unable to agree to this trust are among those protect~d by the highest tariff rates this, which will be of little benefit to either country. contained in the Dingley law, giving it the power to hold up the In my opinion simple justice demands that a much larger con­ American consmner like a highwayman, while its products are cession should be made. Not only justice but good judgment in shipped to foreign countries and sold for a far less price than our the interest of our own commerce demands it. Notwithstanding own people can buy them at the factory door. this, the party in power halts and hesitates, and in the end will At this point I desire to call attention to statements made in a fail to permit any legislation to pass that will materially benefit recent Republican caucus by the gentleman from Ohio,· Mr. DICK, Cuba or our commerce with her. and the gentleman f1·om Maine, Mr. LITT~EFIELD. These state­ Mr. Chairman, the issue as to the trusts is not one so much be­ ments appearing in the city press the next morning, I assume tween the friends of a tariff for revenue only and those who that they were authorized or are substantially correct. believe in a protective tariff as formerly taught as it is an issue · The statement of the gentleman · from Ohio is reported as between honesty and dishonesty, between fair dealing and open · follows: robbery, between the sovereign people on one side and unbridled A statement made by Mr. DICK, of Ohio, in the conference Tuesday is and unrestrained monopoly on the other side. Shall the great causina- much comment, as respects the need of tariff revision for steel and trusts and aggregations of capital continue to be protected by the iron sch edules. M.r. DICK announced that he had recently received a letter from a prominent manufacturer of mowers and agricultural implements at tariff while they destroy the country and ride down the people? is Akron, declaring that he was now buying the large quantities of steel which the question. he uses annually in Europe. This is American steel, but M.r. DICK'S corre­ Can the followers of the Republican creed of protection be -spondent said that he could buy this steel in Europe, pay the duty thereon and the frei~h·t back to Akron, cheaper than he could buy identically the longer deluded into the support of that doctrine-the protection same article m Pittsburg. to these enemies of the people? Let the rank and file of that party The statement of the gentleman from Maine is reported as answer. Let the destroyed competitor answer. No effective or .follows: sincere efforts of those in control of the legislation in this or the M.r. LITTLEFIELD'S argument was largely a legal one, and commanded the last Congress has been made looking to the destruction of these closest attention. He denied that we could guarantee a stable government trusts. None will be made by them at this session. But, Mr. for Cuba.. That was more than the United States could do for any one of Chairman, the day of reckoning is near at hand. The people are the States. We could guarantee a constitutional form of government for one of the States; nothing more. He warned the Republican protectionists growing restless and resentful. They are alarmed for the safety that the time wa.s not far djstant when tariff revision would come. He told of themselves and their industrial institutions. They witness how American steel cost Sl.65 in ~aine shipyards, ';7hile the identi~l kind ~f with disapproval the wasteful and reckless expenditure of the American steel could be bought m England for 95 cents. If the high-tariff Republicans of the House now heeded not the appeal of the boot-sugar public money. industry for protection, they could expect little help or sympathy when their They are already convinced of the unholy alliance of selfish in­ own M.acedonian cry went up. terest and are resolving upon its overthrow. Now, Mr. Chairman, I quote these statements from these t'I_o Those who stand for just and equal legislation, with equal eminent Republicans and stalwart protectionists with the hotft3 privileges to all and economy in public expenditures, are enlist­ that they may can·y conviction home even to the disinterested ing under that banner. The merchant, the farmer, the laborer,. protectionist that at least this mammoth trust, the United States and all who believe in just government are equipping themselves Steel Company, does not need the protection of the tariff. It is for the conflict, and when the contest is over the doctJ.·ine of equal matter of common information that many articles controlled by rights and privileges for all and economy in the public expendi­ the trusts can be bought in foreign markets from 20 to 50 per tures, and that taxation should be limited to the needs of the Gov­ cent cheaper than they can be bought at the factory doors in this ernment, economically administered, will again prevail in this. countJ.·y. colmtry. [Loud applause on the Democratic side.] 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 3297

Mr. HULL. Mr. Chairman, I yield such time as he may want United States-perhaps the members of the Commission already to the gentleman from illinois (Mr. PRINcE], a member of the constituted. They will have an elective body similar to the ieg­ committee. islative bodies throughout this country. Mr. P.RINCE. Mr. Chairman, we have under discussion to­ But, my fellow-members, what have they there? There are 34 day the Army appropriation bill. It appears that the bill last year provinces where the electors choose through proper channels the carried an appropriation of $115 ,734,049.10. The bill this year men to preside over them. There are 500 municipalities similar carries an appropriation of $90,880,934.41, in round numbers to municipalities in our own country. There will be formed $25 ,000,000 less this year than it was last year. among those islands a central form of government, similar, per­ It is true, gentlemen of the House, that this bill to-day is much haps, to the Congress of the United States, to which those men larger in appropriations than it was when I first entered in the will send their representatives, chosen by their own electors, Fifty-fourth Congress. It was my privilege then to come at a whose right to vote will be prescribed perhaps along the line of time when one branch of the Government service was in control intelligence and property. And there should be permitted to of our friends upon the other side of the Chamber. Two years come to this legislative body as Delegates from that archipelago later the party to which I belong came into control of all branches three representatives, to tell us of the condition of the people of the Govemment. there-what they want and what they need. I remember very well, as if it were only but yesterday, the in­ These are the lines along which we are moving. These are the tense feeling and interest in this House in the Fifty-fifth Con­ ideas which will be crystallized in legislation, no doubt, before gress. It was not confined to the other side of the Chamber, but this Congress closes. Have you ever thought, my fellow mem­ it was on this side of the Chamber as well. The sentiment was bers, that no country in the world under any.form of government not only here in this legislative hall, but it was throughout the has ever pointed the finger of reproach to the United States in country on the part of the people, that something should be done regard to its treatment of the Filipinos? It has been left for men to relieve Cuba. I remember very well how we marched in and of this country alone to criticise our action there as a great peo­ out of the various conferences and caucuses on this side urging ple. The world has never said that we have been harsh or cruel and insisting that the President of the United States should do to them. In the heat of party politics perhaps at times we have something toward the relief of Cuba. I now recall in substance said things that we ought not to have said; but the world, which some of the words that I heard the distinguished President of the is the best judge of our actions-the civilized and Christian world United States-who had been a soldier in the civil war, who had that is represented in Continental Europe, Great Britain. and in gone forth as a mere lad of 17 years of age, who had bid his other portions of the globe--has never found fault with the con­ neighbors and friends good-bye, who had kissed the dear mother duct of the United States toward Cuba or Porto Rico or the Phil­ that he loved so well, who knew what war was-make use bf ippines. That to my mind is the best and highest evidence that then. He said that we could easily succeed in war, but the re­ we have been moving along the lines of a Christian nation, sus­ sults would be unpalatable to many of our people. tained by the voice of a Christian people. The conduct of men He stood against war in those days, because he thought this who are here representing our people in legislative halls has been whole question of the disturbance in Cuba could be settled by approved by the people of this country and by the people of the honorable and peaceful means. But it had been decreed other­ world. wise, gentlemen of the House. The people demanded that we So it seems to me that, irrespective of party lines, we can render should go and relieve and free Cuba. There was no purpose in the an account of our stewardship to the voters this fall in regard to mind of the President or anyone at that time, nor is there now, to our treatment of the Filipinos, the Porto Ricans, and the Cubans. obtain Cuba by force of conquest. But we went to war, and we I have heard no fault found thus far, aside from a little question­ succeeded very quickly. Our armies upon the sea and land were ing here and there. And I ask you, fellow-members, not to con­ covered with glory. The world looked to the young republic, and sider any party lines in dealing with this question. · Con..Qjder by leaps and bounds we became one of the foremost, if not the your oath of office; consider what you :ttave said you would do to foremost, nation in the world; and then there came upon us the maintain this Government and all its colonies-if you see fit to results of that war. Let me say to you it was not a party war. call them colonies-or its dependencies, its insular possessions­ Cuba was relieved of Spanish rule; Porto Rico fell into our hands, if you see fit so to call them. Remember that they are part of and there came into our hands also the archipelago where the your possessions as well as ours. Remember it is yours as well Philippine Islands are located. a.s ours, and ours as well as yours. There is no party line that This is not a party question, and gentlemen of the House of should be drawn. It is part of our duty as representatives of a Representatives should not discuss this question as a party ques­ great people to see to it that the men in those islands who are tion. We are here representing a great people, with a great rep­ wearing the uniform of the United States and maintaining our resentative duty to perform, and let us move along as representa­ flag, as well as those in civil positions, shall be sustained, their tives in this great body with a knowledge of this question that hands upheld in all they are doing for the betterment of this peo­ we are discussing. Porto Rico and the Philippines now belong ple and the betterment of the world. This is what I ask you to to us. Cuba, we said," is and of right ought to be a free and in­ do, and when you consider the question in the line of your duty dependent people." On the 20th of May, 1902, Cuba will take her as men you will not give to anybody here or elsewhere any en­ place as an independent people. The resolution that we passed couragement to resist the lawful, honorable government enacted in this House by practically a unanimous vote, as I recall it, will in the Philippines. [Loud applause.] be consummated on the 20th of May, 1902. Mr. SULZER. Mr. Chairman, I now yield twenty minutes to How have we acted in the case of Porto Rico? We have given the gentleman from Louisiana [Mr. BREAZEALE]. that island a form of self-government. Her executive officers are Mr. BREAZEALE. Mr. Chairman, we have been informed appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate. The that the Naval Committee of this House, by a recent strict party executive council is appointed by the President, but the legisla­ vote, has conclude.d not to report any of the pending bills relative tive body is selected by the people of that country. to the status of Admiral Schley, and that it will no longer con­ Now, as to the Philippines. As the representatives of a great sider that subject. I regret exceedingly, Mr. Chairman, that that people-representing a people the greatest on earth-what should great committee should have reached that conclusion. i have not we as representatives do with this question? It is for us to dis­ seen nor have I heard the reasons that induced that conclusion, cuss this question, and as a result we shall have to go before our but I take it for granted that the reason given or the reason actu­ people and render an account of our stewardship in reference to ating them will be found in the closing paragraph of President those islands. Have we mistreated those people in any way? Roosevelt's judgment on what is known as the Schley appeal. He Who is there in this Hall or elsewhere to say that the American closes with these words: people, by arms or by civil force in the Philippines, have laid a harsh hand on those people? There are 8,000,000 of them- To keep it alive would merely do damage to the Navy and to the cmmtry. 1,000,000 Moros and non-Christians, 7,000,000 believing in the I submit, Mr. Chairman, that no reason of State or other reason same religion that we believe in, worshiping the same God, rec­ should operate to prevent the rectification of an injustice done. ognizing the same Master. I submit that before the cmmtry, before the world, Admiral Have we borne heavily upon them by law or by force of arms? Schley stands to-day as being the victim of one of the greatest Who says that we have? We have been conducting ourselves in and most cruel injustices ever perpetrated upon a gallant man. that island in a humane and Christian manner, as far as it was I submit again that, if it be true that theNa val Committee l'epre­ possible. Their schools are moving successfully along. We are senting, as it is presumed to represent, the judgment or opinion holding out to those people inducements to expect that they will of this House, it is deplorable in the extreme that it did not give have a form of government given to them as rapidly as it is possi­ this House an opportunity to express its opinion by vote on that ble for t.hem to accept it and maintain it and use it. We are rec­ subject. I do not believe it is right to deny a free and fair expres­ ommending-and, in my judgment, it will pass in this Congress-a sion of opinion upon any question, and especially upon a question form of civil government. They will have an executive head, ap­ in which all the people, the whole people of this great country, pointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate. They are so directly interested. will )lave an executive, council selected by the President of the The people of this country are generous. They are courageous. X.X.XV-207 3298 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MAROH 26, -

They believe in fairness and they believe that if one man more Thanks, mighty mogul, thanks. She did well, in his opinion. than• another is entitled to that great victory at Santiago it is "On the whole she did well." It is true that she received more - Winfield Scott Schley. [Applause.] than a majority of the damage done to any of the American ships, Mr. Chairman, Admiral Schley stands ina horrible predicament. but at least we have that modicum of consolation that Admiral He stands convicted by the highest executive officer of this Gov­ Schley and Captain Cook together are entitled to credit for what­ ernment-convicted in the most remarkable judgment that ever ever the Brooklyn did, and that on the whole she did well. Mr. has been given to the public on any question. I dislike to criti­ Chairman, it makes no difference to the public whether there wa cise as severely as I would desire that judgment because the in­ a retrograde movement or not; whether there was a blockade of 1 herent respect I have for the high station of Chief Executive of mile or 5 miles; whether or not there was a loop or no loop. The the nation circumscribes the plain expression of my opinion, and layman looks at the results. The people look at the crowning I desire in what criticism I m.p.y make of him to do so with dignity result, the grandest victory in naval warfare of modern times, and with a proper regard for the proprieties. and for that victory the people of this country are indebted to Let us look at it now as laymen, as nonprofessionals, as peo­ Admiral Schley. ple who know nothing of the technique of naval warfare. Let I want to have read in my time by the Clerk a criticism taken us look at it from the standpoint of fairness and of justice, and from a newspaper, the Post of this city. I do not know the poli­ let us see what has been decided in that opinion. It has been tics of that paper,nor do I care, but it is a great paper. I do not charged, or rather insinuated, that this p1·osecution of Admiral know whether it be Republican or Democratic, but I know its Schley is the result of a cabal or conspiracy in naval circles. Of criticism of that judgment is so thoroughly stated, so thoroughly that I know nothing. I wish we could get at the bottom of it, and expressed, so thoroughly represents public opinion, that I desire. I believe if the Naval Committee of this House would permit us to have it printed in the RECORD, and will end it to the desk to to go into that question by reporting some of these bills we could have it read. get at the merits of that charge and lay bare that conspiracy. The Clerk read as follows: But what says President Roosevelt? He weighs with exa-ct RIGHT HJrnE WE DODGE. mathematical certainty the merits of Admiral Schley s appeal. "A high-school boy" writes to us in great anxiety of mind. He has care­ fully examined the President's memorandum in the Schley case, and, as He tells us that five-sixths of that appeal-now, Mr. Chairman, boys will do at times, he asks embarrassin~ questions. He takes the very mark the mathematical exactitude of that statement, that five­ great, not to say irreverent, liberty of criticlSing the Pre idential grammar sixths of the appeal is based upon the demand to know who com­ and casting. impious doubts upon his august rhetoric. This Smart Aleck­ who will fall down before long unless he gets a better gait on-quotes from manded and who is entitled to the credit for that victory. He the memorandum, a.s follows: immediately tells us what? I quote him: "Under such circumstances it seems to me that the recommendations of President McKinley were eminently proper, an.d that so far a-s Admirals What I ha.ve to decide therefore is whether or not President McKinley did Sampson and Schley were concerned, It would have been unjust for him to injustice in the ma.tter. have ma.de other recommendations. I submit, Mr. Chairman, that that is unfair to Schley. Neither "Personally I feel that in view of Captain Clark's long voyage in the Oregon and the eondition in which he brought her to the soene of servi~,. as well as Admiral Schley nor his counsel nor any one of his friends and the way in which he actually managed b.er before and during me fight, it admirers or believers in his integrity or in the fail-ness or justice of would have been well to have given him the same advancement that was given Wainwright." his claim ever asked President Roosevelt or any other man to de­ And then our youthful correspondent proceeds, stiff-necked and una­ cide whether or not President McKinley had committed an injus­ bashed, to say: tice. Mr. Chairman, that gives the whole case away. It is hid­ "Long before I got to the high school my teacher~ Miss-, told me tha.t ing behind the ghostly shadow of a good man, and a desire to it wa.s ungrammatical to e.ay such things as 'it woula have been unjust for him to have made ' and 'it would have been well to have given,' and things prevent the public from looking at the real situation. like that. She said1 they didn t mean anything, that they were 'cancella­ Following that up, what does the President say? He gives the tions,' and left you in doubt as to the time or the meaning involved. It's a. humiliating admission, but true, that whenever I used what she called 'the evidence of all the captains involved in that battle. After doing double potential,' she always kept me in or said mean things to me. that he goes back again to his mathematics and demonstrates "Now, I can't believe Mr. Roosevelt would write bad grammar. He is a with the impetuosity of a sehool boy the actual number of shots graduate of Harvard, and, besides, he writes books. I ha.ve :read his history which struck the Spanish ships, and, furthermore, demonstrates, of the great war in Cuba, an.d it was just fine. I only wish I had been olO. enough to go with the Rough Riders and charge heights and slaughter Span­ to his satisfaction at least, the actual number of those shots fired iards as they did. Still, I can not forget how M$c;- used to :rap me when I by each respective American vessel. was a little second-year ehap and said things like 'it would have been well to· Then what does he say? He reaches then the heat of the engage­ ha.ve g-iven him.' I wish you would tell me about it. I don't know whether to believe the President or the grammar." ment with a coolness that is sublime, a coolness that is truly We respectfully but swiftly dodge this complication. In any issue, as be­ marvelous. He tells us, sitting in his cosy cabinet room, that he tween the President of the United States and a mere private citizen like Mr. can plot and does plot with absolute certainty every single move­ Lindley MUI'I'ay, there is only one attitude the patriotic and loyal American can conscientioUsly assume. We may not know what "it would have been ment of the actual battle-a most wonderful capa-city he has well to have given him" means. But shall we set up against a carefully pre-­ demonstrated in that line-and in doing so he reaches the conclu­ pared declaration by Mr. Roosevelt the benighted challenge of ou:r own sion (a most. remarkable one, to me) that the battle itself was a Ignorance? Never! A thousand times never! To use the language of our own Mrs. Malaprop, we might say to this high-school boy, "strictly nous "captain's fight." Involuntarily the mind travels ba-ck to that avons "-that we do not take kindly to "it would have been unjust for him bright morning in the springtime when the great battle of San to have made." Secretly we assign tha.t phrase to Du Maurier's list of Juan hill was raging, and we, no doubt, believe, or are called "things one would ra.ther1lave put otherwise." Speaking offi.cia.lly, we say: upon to believe by parity of reasoning, that that battle was a "Mum's the word." colonel's or a lieutenant-colonel's victory. The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman has expil'ed. No general had command there, by parity of reasoning. No Mr. SULZER. I yield the gentleman two minutes more. one had command at the battle of Santiago, says the President; it Mr. BREAZEALE. Mr. Chairman,inclosing,Idesiretodirect was absolutely a captains' fight; yet immediately preceding that the attention of the public to the parallel between the two hia­ assertion he tells us that Admiral Sampson the]) in charge of the tolic cases in this country. There appears to me to be a remark­ American squadron had left on that mo1-ning before the battle able parallel between this present case of Admiral Schley and the with a signal flying, observed by the entire squadron, "Disre­ grave injustice done to a great Union soldier in the civil war, gard the movements of the commander in chief." Who is to dis­ Gen. Fitz-John Porter, who for more than thirty years rested regard it? The squadron or the second in command? Who was under the stigma of cowardice and of tl·eason. At last he was the second in command? He admits here that Admil·al Schley vindicated. was the second in command. Is there any way to reconcile that The great Gen. U. S. Grant, who had hastily acted in the first faulty reasoning, telling us in one breath that the commander in instance, subsequently upon a review of the te timony in the case, chief had left with a signal flying, observed and acted upon by with a manly courage truly American, undid that injustice, and the entire squadmn, to disregard the movements of the com­ to-day the name of Fitz-John Porter shines brightly in the grand mander in chief, and then telling us that the battle immediately gaJaxy of gene1·als who fought in the Union Army. I hope and following, when that command devolved by right upon Admiral tl·ust that Admiral Schley will not have so long to wait. I hope Schley, was won by the captains? What captains, in God's name? and trust that the President may find occasion to reverse this I find from a careful reading of this judgment on this appeal most hideous, monstrously hideous, judgment in his case, and if that the principal captain selected by him for recommendation­ he fails to do so, mark this prophecy, it will be but a short time at least the judgment in that appeal is in his favor-was Captain when this House, under a different majority and under the con­ Wainwright, of the Gloucester, a torpedo boat, I think. The tl'Ol of a diffe1·ent party, will see that ample and perfect justice i whole judgment is one in favor of every captain involved in that done to this great, this noble, this patriotic man, this gallant fight, except the actual commander of the battle, Admiral Schley; sailor, Ad.mil:al Schley. [Applause.] yet we find running through it some modicum of consolation. Mr. SULZER. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent that In plotting this actual battle, that he tells us he can do with ab­ all the gentlemen who have spoken on this bill have leave to solute certainty, we find this (it is true it comes to the admiral print~ in partnership with Captain Cook): The CHAIRMAN. ThegentlemanfromNew Yorkasksunani­ Admiral Schier is rightly entitled, as is Captain Cook, to the credit of what mous consent that all gentlemen who have spoken on this bill have the Brooklyn did m the :fight. On the whole she did well. leave to print. Is there objection? 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 3299

Mr. HULL. I supposed they had had leave to print; they have The artillery has now been increased to 18,000 men, which is been given ample time. considered to be sufficient for the manning of our coast defenses Mr. SULZER. This request is only for those who have spoken and for the field batteries. So that if yon take the 25,000 men for on the bill. the Philippines and the 18,000 for the artillery from the 83,000 Mr. HULL. I understand, but they have all spoken themselves provided in this bill you will leave about 40,000 men in this coun­ out, and I object to their going to work and writing up a lot try, outside of the 18,000 used in the artillery. I should like to more. know how these 40,000 men can be used in this country at the The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Iowa objects. various posts which we have? It is a well-known fact that the Mr. SULZER. I trust that the gentleman from Iowa will now posts have been decreased, and that there is no need for as many consume some of his time. men outside of the artillery as there used to be. Before the war Mr. HULL. The gentleman from Iowa will be glad to proceed with Spain 25,000 men were sufficient for every purpose in the with the reading of the bill, if the gentleman has no objection. I United States. make the request that we proceed with the reading of the bill, It is now proposed to keep 40,000 men here. The amendment with the understanding that to-morrow morning the gentleman which I present is offered upon the basis of reducing this bill by from Virginia [Mr. HAY], a member of the committee, have 15,000 men so that there will be 30,000 men here and 25,000 men twenty-five minutes, and that we have twenty-five minutes on in the Philippine Islands, an ample number, more than sufficient. this side, if we desire to take it. But I desire to be conservative, and I desire that the Government Mr. SULZER. I have no objection to that, and I trust now, as shall have all the men necessary to protect its interests in the I have agreed to that proposition, the gentleman from Iowa will Philippine Islands and here. The only use really for that num­ withdraw his objection to unanimons consent that those who have ber of men (30,000) in this cOlmtry is to have a sufficient number spoken have leave to extend their remarks. of them to interchange with the troops in the Philippines. Mr. HULL. I make that request in order to accommodate gen­ Now, Mr. Chairman, it is very true that it is difficult to a-scer­ tlemen on the other side of the Honse, not with any idea of ac­ tain just exactly how many men are needed there. The Secretary commodating myself; so that in place of its being a concession of War says in his hearings that we will need 30,000 regular for the gentleman to ag1·ee with me it is a concession on our part troops and 5,000 Filipino scouts. Governor Taft, as I said a to ask that consent for them, and I can see no reason for with­ moment ago, stated they would only need 20,000 in all, and that drawing my objection. they ought to be reduced, and that they could use what he called The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman froiQ. Iowa objects. the Filipino constabulary there to much better advantage than Mr. ROBERTSON o~ Louisiana. Mr. Chairman, the gentle­ they could use troops. General Hughes says practically the man from Louisiana [Mr. BRoussARD], who is a member of the same thing. General Otis, in his hearings before the Philippine committee, understands, I think, that he will be given sometime, Committee of the Senate, says that they only need 25,000 troops and he is now preparing some remarks on this bill. He is not in the Philippine Islands. present, and I desire to have him protected, and that time be given Now, what I want to know is, why we should vote an Army of to him. 83,000 men, when we can get along without any trouble with an 1\Ir. HULL. The gentleman's request would not affect him at Army of 66,000 men? If gentlemen can show that we need more all. It would not help him out any, because the request was for than 66,000 men, if there is any necessity for it, then I am willing those who have spoken, and they have all had time and have fin­ to vote it. But after a careful consideration of the subject, after ished their remarks, with the exception, as I remember now, of reviewing all the evidence which I have been able to get with re­ one or two gentlemen, who asked that they might be permitted to gard to the Army and the needs of the Army in the Philippines extend their remarks in the RECORD, which consent was given. and in this country, I have come to the conclusion that we can A general leave to print to those who have spoken would mean without trouble reduce the Army about 15,000 men in this bill. that parties can go to work and write anything they please, and The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. I think it is hardly a fair proposition. M1·. HAY. I move to strikeout the last word. Mr. ROBERTSON of Louisiana. I misunderstood the request. Mr. HULL. How much time does the gentleman want? Mr. HULL. But if the gentleman from Louisana [Mr. BRous­ Mr. SULZER. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent that SARD] under the five-minute rule to-morrow will ask leave to the time of the gentleman may be extended for five minutes. extend his remarks I shall be glad to state that I hope the leave The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from New York asks unani­ will be given him. mous consent that the time of the gentleman from Virginia be Mr. SULZER. Mr. Chairman, the gentleman from Tennessee, extended f.or five minutes. Is there objection? [After a pause.] [Mr. GAINES] addressed the Honse yesterday and requested me The Chair hears none. to ask leave for him to extend his remarks. Mr. HAY. Now, then, the amendment which I have offered Mr. HULL. Well, Mr. Chairman, we gave Mr. GAINES some is based, as I have said, upon the reduction of the Army by 15,000 of our time yesterday in order to allow him to finish and he men from this bill. We all know that there is no need, and there talked out. I should hate to give him permission to get a second will be no need, in the year 1903, for any troops in Cuba. This wind and go on with it. I shall object. bill provides for two battalions, I believe, in Porto Rico; and if I ask, Mr. Chairman, that the 1·eading of the bill be proceeded there is any necessity, if the conditions in the Philippines are with now, under the five-minute rule. such as to need any more men than the 30,000 men as asked for The CHAIRMAN. No one demanding the floor, the Clerk will by the Secretary of War, then I would like to know it. We de­ proceed to read the bill. rive our information from Administration sources, we derive it M.r. HAY. I should like to know whether the request was from the civil governor of the Philippine Islands, we derive it granted that I have leave to speak to-morrow? from the officers of the United States Army, so far as they are Mr. HULL. I understand that consent was given on the prop­ permitted to speak. osition that I asked for the gentleman from Virginia, that he have 1\Ir. Chairman, we all know that there is a sort of tyranny of twenty-five minutes to-morrow, and that we on this side have silence which is placed upon the Army; that officers are not per­ twenty-five minutes, if we desire. mitted to give their opinions to committees of either House of The CHAIRMAN. In order that there maybe no doubt about Congress without being called to a-ccount for it by people in high it, if there be no objection the request of the gentleman from place and in power. We lmow that the Ccommanding General of Iowa will be granted. Is there objection? the .Al·my of the United States, for giving his opinion upon the There was no objection. verdict of a court of inquiry in another branch of the service, was The Clerk, proceeding with the reading of the bill, read as fol­ reprimanded by the President publicly before a promiscuous lows: audience. I say, therefore, that if they have any evidence to show For pay of enlisted men of all grades, including recruits, $11,500,00>. that there are more men needed in the Philippines than they Mr. HAY. I offer the amendment which I send to the Clerk's themselves say there are, let that evidence be produced. But un­ desk. til it is produced it is our business as members of this Honse, The amendment was read, as follows: legislating for the American people and for the American tax­ In line 17, pa~~ 4, strike out the words "eleven million five hundred" and payers, to keep this army down to such a number as is necessary, insert "nine IID.Uion nine hundred and fifty." and not to give a single man more than is necessary. I propose Mr. HAY. Mr. Chail"IDan, when the Army was increased to to follow the present amendment with amendments all along 100,000 men it was understood that as soon as the exigencies of through the bill, reducing it as I have said. the.service and :Of the Government allowed it would be reduced. Mr. HULL. Mr. Chairman, I think this side of the Honse should This bill calla for an Army of 83,000 men-5,000 Filipino scouts be under the greatest obligation to the gentleman from Virginia and 78,000 American troops. for his solicitude in keeping the appropriations of this Congi·ess We have the evidence of Governor Taft that there will only be down to the lowest limit, and I should be glad to join with him in required in the Philippine Islands for the next year about 20,000 that policy, that we might make the total appropriatio!lB showing American soldiers. This bill provides beyond that for 5,000 Fili­ a very great deal of reduction under Republican leadership; but I J.>ino scouts, making 2J,OOO men for the Philippine Islands. want to call the attention of the committee to the fact that th~ 3300 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MARCH 26, -

Committee on Military Affairs has already reduced the estimate Mr. HAY. I ask unanimous consent that the gentleman may_ for the Army proper by $1,000,000 from that submitted to us in continue for five minutes. the estimate. So that this amount that we have reported to the The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Virginia asks that House is for a much smaller army than was originally estimated the gentleman from Iowa may continue for five minutes. Is there for when the estimates were submitted to Congress in last De­ objection? [After a pause.] The Chair hears none. cember. Mr. HULL. Now, let me finish my answer. If it takes 30,000 Mr. HAY. I will ask the gentleman the question whether or troops in the Philippines, there ought to be 30,000 here, because not those estimates were made for an army of 100,000 men? these troops ought to be exchanged at stated intervals so that no Mr. HULL. No, sir; not quite. one would be there more than two years if possible. If you do Mr. HAY. Well, what does the gentleman estimate the Army that and have 18,000 artillerymen-and I understand the gentl~ to be raised under this bill? . man from Virginia to say the artillery was raised to that num· Mr. HULL. The Army under this bill is, as I understand, ber, although I didn't so understand it-that would be 78,000 between seventy and eighty thousand men. But I want to take men. issue with the gentleman's argument as to the number of men we Mr. HAY. And 5,000 Filipino troops. may need in the Philippine Islands. I believe if we were to reduce Mr. HULL. If you have that number, the amount we have them below the point of safety it would encourage further insur­ reported here will, in my judgment, call for a deficiency bill dur­ rection and result in increased expenditures on the part of the ing the short session of this Congress. We are appropriating for Government in the future. 50,000 privates; and we cut off $1,000,000 from the estimates. When I was in the Philippine Islands I had the privilege of go­ The estimates were for 55,000 privates. ing with General Chaffee and -visiting nearly all the posts outside Mr. JETT. From the gentleman's judgment and experience the island of Luzon, and the evidence taken before General while in the Philippines, does he or does he not believe that it Chaffee, not given by Army officers alone, but given by the native will be necessary for some time to keep troops where the so-called officials, the governors, the fiscals, the treasurers, and the super­ civil government has been established? visors, was, without exception, that it was unsafe to take any Mr. HULL. I say yes. It will be necessary for some time. I troops from the localities we visited. There is to-day no organ­ do not regard it as possible that a people who have never had any ized army in the Philippines, but there is lawlessness all over the experience in civilized government, as we understand it, can in islands. · the course of a year or two years or three years leap into full­ I know that Governor Taft has been very optimistic and hopeful fledged American citizenship, with fully developed ideas of the as to the conditions that may prevail in the Philippine Islands. rights of property and life and a full comprehension of how to I sincerely hope time may prove him right. I think conditions administer a free government. are better than when I was there, but he was very optimistic Mr. HAY. Governor Taft in his evidence before the Philip­ when I was there as to the military force it would require to pro­ pine Committee stated that the constabulary there were doing tect life and property. After I left there I think yon will all re­ more good than the soldiers; that they could find these robbers member that several of the provinces were turned back to mili­ and these disturbers of the peace much more effectively than the tary authority on account of the civil governments being prema­ soldiers could. turely started on their careers. They were powerless to accom­ Mr. HULL. I think that is true in one sense and not true in plish good. another. I think that if the United States troops should be re­ This appropriation offered by the committee-I supposed it met moved the local constabulary would not amount to anything, but the approval of the entire committee, because we had very full when backed by American troops and protected by them they are conference as to all of these appropriations, and I will say for the better scouts than our soldiers, because they are more familiar credit of my Democratic friends that they joined with the major­ with the habits and haunts of their people. ity in cutting down wherever they could; but when we made the Mr. HAY. I am not advocating the removal of the American report it wa-s on the basis of a reduction of the army in the Phil­ troops, but I wanted to know the lowest number of American ippines to about 30,000 men, American soldiers, and 5,000 Filipino troops added to the Filipino troops that the gentleman thought soldiers organized under the law that was passed when we necessary. adopted the general reorganization bill. Mr. HULL. I should say that 35,000 would be better than It does seem to me, Mr. Chairman, that it i~ a great mistake for 30,000. this committee to reduce this amount below what was reported Mr. HAY. Then the gentleman thinks that 35,000 American from the committee. The Administration in the United States troops, in addition to the 5,000 Filipino troops, are needed there? and Governor Taft in the Philippines are both of them anxious Mr. HULL. Yes, sir; and if I had adhered to my own idea I to reduce the army to the lowest point consistent with safety and should have insisted upon that number; but I yielded to the the interest of the United States, and if we do not need the num­ judgment of the Secretary of War, who thought that 30,000 of ber that we appropriate for, which, in my judgment, is the lowest our troops, with the 5,000 Filipino troops, would suffice. number that this country can safely go ahead with, they will not Mr. HAY. And you think they will be needed there for some be used, and if not enlisted and employed they will not be paid years to come? for; but we should not make it impossible to pay if enlisted. Mr. HULL. For the next fiscal year, anyhow; and that is The gentleman from Virginia is not more anxious to get the what we are legislating for. · army down to the lowest point consistent with safety than is Mr. PATTERSON of Tennessee. My recollection is that Gov­ the Administration, both the President and the War Department, ernor Taft, before the Insular Affairs Committee, said that all the so I hope the amendment will not be adopted; and I can see no provinces of the archipelago were pacified, with the pos ible ex­ good reason why he should have offered it. ception of five. Mr. HAY. Will the gentleman allow me a question? Mr. HULL. I have not read what Governor Taft said, and I Mr. HULL. Certainly. do not want to answer for him. They may be pacified in one Mr. HAY. The gentleman says he wants to reduce the Army sense of the term; that is, there may be no organized army there. to what he considers a point of safety? Allow me to say that I have been so busy at home for the last Mr. HULL. I do. month or five weeks trying to preserve my own private or polit­ Mr. HAY. How many men do you think ought to be kept in ical interests that I have paid but little attention to public mat. the Philippines? ters, and I think I will take this occasion to say in reply to what lvlr. HULL. I think that there ought to be more than the Secre­ has been thrown out here to-day that while I was thus engaged tary of War estimates, if you want my honest judgment. They at home I made absolutely no promises as to what should be my have five hundred and some odd posts there. The force of natives course in the future. [Laughter]. there is new and untrained, and it is only effective when it knows Mr. PATTERSON of Tennessee. If the gentleman from Iowa that it is backed by the power of the United States. Without thinks that is an answer to my question, I suppose I must be sat­ that power the native troops would be worthless. isfied with it. Mr. HAY. Then that is from your experience? Mr. HULL. I do not know whether I understood the gentle­ Mr. HULL. From my personal experiencf} and what I have man's question. read and know of it, I should say 30,000 American troops in the Mr. PATTERSON of Tennessee. What I wanted to ask waa l?hilippines was reducing the Army to the lowest point consistent this-the gentleman did not wait till I finished my question: I with safety, and reducing the number more than I would take stated that, according to my recollection, Governor Taft. before there ponsibility of doing. the Insular Affairs Committee, testified that the wh0le Philippine Mr. HAY. That is what the Secretary of War says. Archipelago is pacified, with the po sible exception of four or Mr. HULL. Yes; but I think it is too low. I think you ought five provinces. Now, I understand the gentleman from Iowa has to have more than 30 000 there. visited that archipelago, and I would like to know whether he The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Iowa has agrees with Judge Taft on that point. exph·ed. Mr. HULL. Well, Mr. Chah'man, I believe I have partially 1902. - CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 3301 ' answered that question already. I do not believe that pacification tainly can not be any reason for 43,000 soldiers in this country, exists in the broad sense that there is a law-abiding people. If by 18,000 soldiers in the artillery and 25,000 outside. pacification is meant simply that there is no organized, armed Surely no man will contend that it is necessary to have· that rebellion against the authorities, I should say yes. But I want to number of troops here, and if there is a chance of an opportunity say from my observation that there is a large lawless element to reduce this Army, as these gentlemen who come from the Phil­ there that never has been controlled by any government in the ippines tell us that there is, then we ·ought to reduce it, and next past; this is the first Government that ever has undertaken to December, if it is found necessary that a larger appropriation c·ontrol it and establish peaceful conditions outside of the large shall be made, we will be here to make it. Therefore I say that cities. it is our duty to the taxpayers and as representatives of the And it is going to require the strong arm of the Government to American people to bring this Army down., and to reduce this ap­ protect the Filipinos from their own people-not to protect the propriation as much as we possibly can, and I hope that gentlemen United States in the cities, but to protect the law-abiding Fil­ upon this floor who have the interests of the people at heart will ipinos, who want to work and make a living, from the raids of vote for the amendment which I have introduced. those robber bands that for centuries have preyed upon them, de­ Mr. SHAFROTH. Mr. Chairman, if the gentleman will yield stroying the fruits of their industry and compelling them to hud­ just a minute, I have what purports to be an interview from dle in little towns along the seaports, instead of spreading them­ Governor Taft when he landed in San Francisco on January 22, selves out on farms in the interior as they might have otherwise and I will read the language with which he is credited: done. · Fifteen thousand men will be an ample force in the islands before the :Mr. PATTERSON of Tennessee. The gentleman is referring close of the year. I was told this only a few days before I came away. Of- to the Filipinos who oppose the authority of our Government? ficers thoroughly versed in the situation gave me the figures. . Mr. HULL. Oh, no; they oppose any government. They op­ The CHAIRMAN. The question is on the adoption of the pose us just now because we are the government; but they would amendment of the gentleman from Virginia. oppose any government. They would oppose their own govern- The question was taken; and on a division (called for by Mr. ment. Thev are lawless bands of ladrones. · HAY) there were-ayes 31, noes 52. Mr. PATTERSON of Tennessee. Does the gentleman think it So the amendment was rejected. necessary to have a standing army there to keep those provinces The Clerk read as .follows: pacified? For additional pay for length of service for all enlisted men, exclusive of Mr. HULL. The future must determine that. Hospital Corps, $966,4:92. · Mr. PATTERSON of Tennessee. I would like to have the gen­ Mr. COCHRAN. It is to me a matter of amazement that the tleman's opinion about it. recklessness of assertion which at the beginning of the con­ Mr. HULL. I say for the present, yes. troversy about the Philippine Islands characterized this discus­ The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Iowa has sion should still continue on this floor. Even earlier in the dis­ expired. cussion, before gentlemen had time to inform themselves, this Mr. HULL. I call for a vote. was inexcusable. At this late date it is unpardonable. The gen­ Mr. WILLIAM W. KITCHIN. I wish to ask the gentleman tleman from Iowa would have you believe that the Philippine from Iowa [Mr. HULL] a question, and for that purpose I ask Islands never had in the interior a good municipal government. that his time be extended for two minutes. Where does he get that information? Not from any history or The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to extending the time of other authentic source. The fact is that the Philippine Islands­ the gentleman for two minutes? that is, the Christian islands-prior to the war with Spain, had There was no objection. good municipal governments. · Mr. WILLIAM W. KITCHIN. Mr. Chairman, I understood Every writer who has ever discussed the subject, including dis­ the gentleman from Iowa to state that if we had 30,000 Ameri­ tinguished Frenchmen and distinguished Englishmen, and our cans in the Philippines, or 35,000, which he thought would be own Dean Worcester, of the Michigan University, bear testi­ better, we ought to have the same number of troops here, in or­ mony to the peaceableness, honesty, and good social qualities of der that these soldiers could be exchanged or replaced from the the Filipino people. When, after the cessation of hostilities at United States to the Philippines as often as at least once every the end of our war with Spain, two Americans, one a military two years. I would like to know the reasons for the necessity of and the other a naval officer of the United States, visited every that change. Is it owing to the climatic conditions there? part of the Christian island of Luzon, upon their return, they Mr. HULL. It is a tropical country, and no people that are said that ere the embers of the war with Spain had disappeared engaged in service there ought to be kept any great length of the people had returned to their fields and shops and resumed the time. While a large number of the troops there when mustered pursuits of peace, and that the island was as Feaceabla as any out were perfectly healthy, and the percentage of sickness in the part of the United States. past was no higher than it is here, yet the danger of affecting the A report to this effect was made to their superiors and has been constitution of Americans by keeping-them there in service too printed as a public document. Why do gentlemen refuse to in­ long is enough of itself to warrant the change, and we change form themselves on the subject and in the face of all history con­ troops in this couptry from one part of it t-o another in the same tinue to misrepresent the real situation in the Philippines? way. We do not keep troops in the Gulf States an unreasonable Why do they seek to misrepresent the facts and pervert history? time. Gentlemen, the truth will finally be known. In discussing the Mr. WILLIAM W. KITCHIN. Well, themainreasonforthat question it is useless to try to exclude it. The people will finally change then would be owing to the health of the soldiers in the know all the facts. Philippines? The gentleman from Iowa [Mr. HULL] says that no less than Mr. HULL. I should say, yes; very largely that. 35,000 troops should be retained in the. islands, and in this con­ The"CHAIRMAN. The question is on the amendment of the nection he and others who discuss it talk about the pacification of gentleman from Virginia. the country. What do you mean by pacification? Mr. HAY. Mr. Chairman, I want to say one word in conclu­ Do you thiuk the time will ever come when a conquered c01mtry, sion. I understood the gentleman from Iowa to say that there inhabited by four or five millions of civilized Christians, will be were only 50,000 enlisted men provided for in this bill. content to live under alien rule? Do you think that there will Mr. HULL. I said there are less than 55,000. The estimates ever be found on earth a country such as I have described, where were for 55,000 previously, and we cut it down $1,000,000. anything short of brute force will secure submission to a con­ 1.-Ir. HAY. And yet it is very well understood that there is to queror? Instead of the word ''pa-cify ' ' say terrorize. Other con­ be an Army of 83,000 men under this bill. Now, I understand quered countries have been pacified, you will say. Ah, yes! that the artillery has 18,000 men. Am I mistaken about. that? Ireland has been pacified, but at the end of seven centuries of for­ Mr. HULL. I do not so understand. eign occupation we find 35,000 British troops there, and a tax im­ Mr. HAY. The artillery, I say, is to have 18,000 men in it. posed to prohibit men from having firearms in their houses. Mr. HULL. I doubt if there are that many there now, but Seven centuries of pacification, and yet the people of Ireland are they are getting it to that number as rapidly as they can find as ready as they were in the days of Elizabeth to seize anns and good men. fight for the liberties of their country. ~ .Mr. HAY. That is what this appropriation calls for. India has been p~cified, but the bayonet of the conqueror is at · Mr. HULL. Yes; but you must remember in addition to this India's throat. Poland has been pacified, yet the largest contin­ statement that this appropriation does not commence until after gent of the armies of the Czar stationed in any one portion of his the 30th of next June. Empire, from the day of the tragedy of -the destruction of that - Mr. HAY. Oh, I understand that, of course; and it is all the kingdom down to this hour, have been within striking distance more reason for reducing the appropriation, because as time goes of Polish centers of population. And so I might go on. on, as Governor Taft says, so much less is there any necessity for The truth is that God has planted in the breasts of men the ~e~can soldiers in the Philippine Islands. Now, there cer- national instinct, the pride of race, the love of country, which 3302 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MARCH 26, everywhere leads them to resist the aggression of any foreign saw here the other day about these telegraphers it was pretty near power that invades their country and usurps its government. the same thing? If we are to retain the Pll.ilippine Islands as a vassal state in Mr. COCHRAN. I do not know what the gentleman refers to? perpetuity, if we are to set up a colonial government there and I know this, that in every war such as we are carrying on in the maintain it, we must enter this new field prepared to follow the Philippine Islands all the usages of civilized warfare are forgot­ example of England and other great colonizil1g powers. We ten by both parties to the contention. Under such circumstances must maintain a large army there and the taxpayers mnst foot the struggle ceases to be legitimate war and degenerates into the bills. We must rule by force. There will be opposition. bloody reprisals leyied generally by both parties to the conflict We must beat it down. So, when hereafter we speak of peace in without 1·eference to the usages of war. the Philippine Islands, let us say not that the people over there are I was going on to say that no matter what you may do, in ubor­ "pacified," but that t11ey have been terrorized into submission. dination, resistance, rebellion will continue. No people number­ That is what conquest means. ing millions will ever peaceably and willingly submit to the reign Do you want to do that? Will t;he American people continue to of a conquerer. abet you in doing it? Are yon content to look into the future Under such circumstances resistance is mere obedience to im­ with the distinct tmderstanding that fifteen, thirty-five, or fifty pulses and sentiments which shape the conduct and destiny of all thousand, or any other number of thousands of t1'oops shall be races. A people speaking the same language, inspired by the kept there at the expense of the American taxpayers for the pur­ same ideals, segregated from others, and possessing the country pose of coercing consent to our sovereignty? If we are to go on in which they live, instinctively desire a govern.1'}lent of their in this way I do not believe an army of 35,000 will be any too large. own-a monarchy if they be monarchists-a republic if they are The Spaniards went there when these people were barbarians. democrats. The islanders had no civilized government. Do yon regret that this is true, you gentlemen who favor the The Spaniards imported a large number of Catholic priests­ conquest of the Philippines? Whether you do or not is immate­ the Catholic religion then being practically the only Christian rial. It is a pli.nciple of humaility as ineradicable as any emotion denomination in existence-and converted substantially all the of the human breast. No country that enters upon the career of people of the arable portions ·of the northern islands to the Chris­ a conqueror can escape dealing with it. Force, not reason, will tian religion. From that day on Spanish was the official language. compel obedience to government that is despised. [Loud ap­ The Spaniards were the tutors of the Filipinos. They furnished plause on the Democratic side.] them their priests and their religion and their learning and their The Clerk read as follows: schools. The people became civilized under Spanish rule. Inter­ Inspector-General's Department: For pay of officers in the Inspector-Gen- mani.ages of Spaniards and natives produced the educated and eral s Department, $51,500. · enlightened classes which have had most to do with making Mr. SULZER. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike out the last Philippine history. word. I want to pour a little sugar on the troubled waters. I Identity of official language, identity of religion a-s well as send to the Clerk:s desk an article from the Philadelphia North many humane and beneficent projects carried forward in the ear­ Ameii.can, a great Republican newspaper, which I desire to have lier days of the settlement of the islands bound the Filipinos to read. the Spanish Crown. But as the natives learned what was going The Clerk read as follows: on in the outside world, as the spirit of individual self-res-pect asserted itself in their breasts, the national pirit, which, thank [Philadelphia North American, March U,1002.] God, abides everywhere, came to them also. Representative SULZER introduces a bill which is intended to reform the The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Missouri present tariff law. Aims a blow at trusts. has expired. Mr. HULL. Mr. Chairman, I raise the point of order that that :Mr. COCHRAN. I ask unanimous con ent that I may have has nothing to do with the bill. We are not dealing with the two minutes more. tariffunderthefive-minute rule. Weare dealing with the.AI·my, The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Missouri asks unani­ and there is no use taking up the time in this way. mous consent that he be allowed to proceed for two minutes. Is Mr. SULZER. The point of order, in my judgment, can not there objection? be made until the gentleman from Iowa finds out what this article There was no objection. is about. Mr. COCHRAN. Repeatedly and repeatedly they rebelled Mr. HULL. Well, the way it starts out is enough to find out. against this alien rule. Revolt after revolt occurred, and for [Laughter.] many years before their final expulsion the Spaniards were com­ The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will state that the Clerk has read pelled to keep in the islands an army which frequently exceeded far enough to indicate the character of the article; and the Chair 50 000 men in mder to hold sovereignty over that people. sustains the point of order. We must do the same thin~. Do not tell me that 15,000 troop Mr. SULZER. Well, I will read the article myself. [Laughter will quell opposition to Amencan rule. The time will come when on the Democratic side.] Mr. Chairman, I introduced a bill in 100,000 men will be needed. Withdraw 15,000 men now-:-eut this House some time ago to repeal that provision in the Dingley your force down to the beggarly 15,000 talked about-and you tariff law known as the color restriction on sugar. will find that 100,000 will be needed before you are through with Mr. HULL. Now, Mr. Chairman, I raise the point on the gen­ it. Every day you stay there will embitter them. Every hour tleman himself. I raise the point of order that the gentleman is of their travail will intensify their desire for independence· and not discussing the bill, and under the rules he had plenty of time liberty. in general debate to discuss the matter that he is now referti.ng to. Mr. PARKER. Do I understand the gentleman to say that it Mr. SULZER. I have the floor, and the gentleman from Iowa will take a hundred thousand men? is out of order. Mr. COCHRAN. I say if you cut your army down and another The CHAIRMAN. The Chair sustains the point of order. The insurrection takes place you will have to send a hundred thousand gentleman is not discussing the amendment. men there to quell it. Mr. SULZ.ER. The Chair does not know what my amendment Mr. PARKER. Did you vote for the amendment of the gen­ is going to be. '- tleman from Virginia to cut down the Army? The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman moved to strike out the last Mr. COCHRAN. I will vote to withdraw 1 soldier, 5 soldiers, word of this paragraph, and the remarks of the gentleman are 5,000 soldiers 15,000 soldiers, or all our soldiers from the Phili:p­ not ad.d.l·essed to that amendment, and he is not in order. pines every time I get a chance. [Applause on the Democratic Mr. SULZER. Well, Mr. Chairman, I desire to discuss this side.] matter, and I trust the gentleman will not make that point of Mi·. PARKER. Then you want-- order. He will get along much more rapidly if he does not. Mr. COCHRAN. I want every nation on the earth to enjoy The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman ask unanimous consent the God-given right of independence of every other nation on to discuss the question he is now discussing? · earth. Mr. SULZER. I under tand I have the floor, :Mr. Chairman. Mr. PARKER I understood the gentleman -to say that if the The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman has not the floor, unless he army were reduced there would be a massacre there. Do I un­ is in order. derstand-- Mr. SULZER. Then I ask tmanimous consent-- Mr. COCHRAN. You did not understand the gentleman to The CHAIRMAN (continuing). The gentleman is not in say any such thing, if you were liste~g, and if you wer~ not order. listening you ought not to put words mto my mouth which I Mr. HAY. I ask unanimous consent that the gentleman may have not'uttered. I said the withdrawal of 15,000 troops would be allowed to proceed without being interrupted with points of be followed by another in~ection. That is w~at I said.. I "f?e­ order. [Laughter.] lieve that at every opportnmty the people of the ISlands will anse The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Virginia asks unani­ and attempt to vlin independence. mous consent that the gentleman from New York may be :Per­ Mr. PARKER. Dee not the gentleman know from what we mitted to proceed without being interrtlpted by points of order. • 1902. 3303

Mr. HULL. Mr. Chairman, I object to that. I am willing to law as it exists at present we have found quite a number of cases concede to the gentleman, as he had no opportunity, controlling where the officer has been retired after a few years of service, and the time himself, and his modesty fore bade him to use it, that he after that go on the retired list with three-quarters pay to do may have five minutes to discuss the tariff question if he desires. whatever they may choose. The longevity pay increases 1ight I will not object to that kind of a proposition if he or his friends I along. .After five years they get 10 per cent more pay; after ten will put it in that form. years they get 20 per cent more pay; after fifteen years they get The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Iowa asks unanjm.ous 30 pe~ cent more pay, and after twenty years they get 40 per cent consent-- additional pay; and so the longer they remain on the retired list Mr. HULL. I do not ask it, but if the other side asks unani- thB more pay they get. mous consent I will not I'a.lse any objection. The qommittee conceive that that was not the theory of lon- Mr. SULZER. Do I understand the gentleman from Iowa oo gev.ity pay. The history of this statute shows that when it was object to the 1·eading of this article from the Philadelphia North first enacted the pay department construed that longevity pay American? was not applied to the retired list. That construction was main- The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from New York is not in tained for quite a number of years, until the Supreme Court of order. The point of order has been raised against the reading of the United States conskued the word "service" as applying to that article, and the Chair has sustained the point of order. the retired list as well ~to the active list, so the longevity pay Does the gentleman request unanimous consent. If so, the Chair applied to the officers on the retired list. Now, the theory of Ion­ will submit the 1·equest to the committee. gevity pay is that the longer a man is in active service in the Mr. SULZER. I understood unanimous consent had been Army the better fitted he is by his expmience and his wisdom to given. perform efficient service for the Government, and Congress has The CHAIRMAN. Una.nimous consent has not been given. deemed it necessary to retain the services of such men and pre- Mr. SULZER. Then I ask unanimous consent for five minutes vent their resignation when most needed by giving them this to present this matter to the House. additi{)nallongevity pay. The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from New York asks unan- But when a man is on the retired list, when ~der the law he imous consent to discuss the question that he is now discussing is not re~uired, with few exceptions, to perform any services what­ for five minutes. Is there objection? [After a pause.] The ever, the reason for the addition of this longevity pay does not Chair hears none. apply. Longevity is a gratuity alone. It is not a pay called for Mr. DICK. I object. by rank; it is a pay that is given for service pay given for wis- Mr. HAY. Too late. dom, a pay given for expe1ience, and these reasons do not obtain The-CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Ohio objects. in the case of the man on the retired list of the Army. Now, Mr. SULZE.R. The Pl.·esident will read him another lecture these officers on the 1·etired list are getting pretty good pay any- · to-morrow morning. [Laughter.] way. I have a list of the rates of pay that is given to the officers The Clerk read as follows: on the retired list, as shown by the very last Army Register of The Corps of Engineers: For pay of officers in the Corps of EngineerE, 1901. s;m,ooo. The highest pay is given to the Lieutenant-General-$8.250 per Mr. SULZER. Mr. Chairman, I move that the committee do annum. This is the pay on the retired list. The lowest pay is now 1ise. given to a second lieutenant, who may be retired the very mo­ The .question was taken; and on a division (demanded by Mt·. ment after he receives his commission, and yet he receives $1,050 SULZER) there were-21 ayes and 53 noes. per annum. Now, that second lieutenant , after he has received Mr. SULZER. No quorum, Mr. Chairman. his commission and goes on the retired list, may, after remaining on The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from New York makes the the retired list twenty years, receive 40 per cent additional pay, point of no quorum. The Chair will count. [After counting.] or $1,450 per annum, although he does not do a single thing for One hundred and three members present-a quorum. the Government. The gentleman from Ohio [Mr. W .A.R~OCK] Mr. SULZER. Tellers, Mr. Chairman. made this morning a very eloquent and able speech recounting Tellers were ordered; and Mr. HULL and Mr. SuLzER were ap­ the services and the sacrifices of many gallant officers during the pointed as tellers. civil war. This amendment applies to only a few of those men. The question was again taken; and the tellers reported-22 a; es [Here the hammer fell.] and 63 noes. ~lr. HULL. I ask that the gentleman from Minnesota [Mr. Mr. SULZER. No quorum present, Mr. Chairman. STE~1>is] be allowed five minutes more. This is a matter vitally The CHAIRMAN. The Chair has just counted a quorum. affecting the bill. · The point is dilatory and the Clel'k will read·. Mr. SHAFROTH. I ask unanimous consent that the gentle­ The Clerk read as follows: man be permitted to conclude his remarks. The CHAIRMAN. Unanimous consent is asked that the gen­ For additional pay to such officers for length of service, to be paid with their current monthly \)ay, $425,

The Clerk read as follows: Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota. If the Chair will rule on the On and after the approval of this act no further increase of longevity .J>aY point of order, then I will offer this as an amendment. shall accrue to officers now on the retired list and officers hereafter r etired Mr. SULZER. Regular order. from active service shall not be allowed or paid any increase of longevity pay Mr. HULL. Regular order is the ruling of the Chair. above the sum allowed and paid to such officers at the date of retirement. The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Minnesota offers the 1.Ir. STEVENS of Minnesota. This amendment will not affect amendment that the proviso on page 11, "Provided, That here- such officers as those described by the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. after there shall not be allowed," etc.-- · W .ARNOCK] this morning-those who, having served during 'the Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota. Now, I offer this as an amend­ war of the rebellion, have been placed on the retired list and have ment, Mr. Chairman. been there long enough to get their full longevity pay. They will The CHAIRMAN. The Chair has not ruled yet. continue to get it if this amendment be adopted. Nor does the Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota. I beg the Chair's pardon; I . amendment affect those who have served in the Regular Army thought he had. long enough to receive their full longevity pay before going on The CHAIRMAN. I will ask the gentleman from New York the retired list. All those will be exempted from the operation the ground upon which he bases his point of order. of this amendment. It will cover a few officers who have en­ Mr. SULZER. Does the Chair desire to hear me on this point tered the service late in life, as chaplail1s, quartermasters, pay­ of m·der? masters, etc., and who have served only a few years .before going The CHAIRMAN. The Chair asks the gentleman to state the on the retired list. This proposition will prevent such officers ground upon which he makes the point of order. from getting larger pay after going upon the retired list than Mr. SULZER. Is the Chair'in doubt? they did before. The CHAIRMAN. Will the gentleman please reply to the Mr. WARNOCK. The amendment sounds all right, but I question of the Chair? would like to see it in writing before giving my assent to it. If Mr. SULZER. Well, Mr. Chairman, if the Chair is in doubt, it does not affect the old officers who were retired immediately I desire to say that my point of order is that the proposed amend- · upon the close of the civii war on account of wounds or disability, ment changes existing law. · that is all I want. • The CHAIRMAN. The Chair holds that the point of order­ Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota. The officers of the War Depart­ Mr. CAPRON. Before the Chair rules, may I be heard upon ment whom I have consulted about the matter tell me that the the point of order for a moment? provision will not affect any officer who served-- The CHAIRMAN. The Chair is not in doubt. The Chair Mr. HULL. It does not affect any officer who has already been holds that the point of order made by the gentleman from New receiving full pay upon the retired list. York is well taken and that it changes existing law. The Chair Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota. It does not cut anybody down. sustains the point of order. It simply prevents the pay of certain officers from increasing Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota. Now, I offer the amendment under the longevity provision. The effect of the amendment, if which I forward to the desk and ask the Clerk to read. · adopted, will be to prevent any further increase of longevity pay The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will report the amendment of­ to those who go on the retired list hereafter. The amendment fered by the gentleman from Minnesota. affects only a comparatively. few officers. A table has been pre­ The Clerk read as follows: pared by the War Department showing the number who would Insert after the word "dollars," line 2, page 11, the following: "PrO'IJided, be affected-only 13 officers of five years' service, 62 over five years, That on and after the approval of this act no further increase of longevity pay shall accrue to officers now on the retired list, and officers hereafter re­ and 78 over fifteen years, so that there would be less than 10 per tired from active service shall not be allowed or paid any increase of longevity cent of the officers on the retired list affected. by the amendment pay above the sum allowed and paid to such officers at the time of r etirement." as first suggested, and none of those covered by the proposition Mr. SULZER. I make a point of order against that. of the gentleman from Ohio. Mr. HULL. I am inclined to think the point of order is not Mr. WARNOCK. If that amendment is adopted, I am entirely well taken, Mr. Chairman. This is a limitation under the appro­ content to withdraw my point of order. priation only. The other was more than a limitation, because it Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota. Then I ask unanimous con­ reduced the pay of officers. This does not reduce the pay, and my sent-- impression is that the gentleman had better look up the law on Mr. HULL. Just offer that as an amendment. that. This is an effort toward a limitation upon an appropriation Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota. That this amendment I send to bill to declare what shall be paid. The gentleman puts himself the desk be offeTed as a substitute for the proviso at the top of on record as in favor of giving increased pay-to men year after page 11. • yea1· who perform no service for the Government. The gentle- . The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from Ohio withdraw man may want to go before the country on that theory, and I am his point of order? delighted to have him do it. Mr. WARNOCK. I say that if that amendment be adopted I Mr. SULZER. Then you are dissatisfied with the bill you re- withdraw my point of order. . . ported to the House. Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous Mr. HULL. I do not understand the gentleman's remark. . consent, so that the gentleman can maintain his right, that the Mr. SULZER. Why did you vote for the bill in the committee? amendment which I have sent to the desk, and which has been Mr. HUL~. Mr. Chairman, I voted for it because I believed read, be substituted instead of the proviso on the top of page 11. the other provision ought to have been agreed to. That is why.! Mr. HULL. I understand the gentleman asks to strike out all did it. after the word ' provided " down to and including the word " re­ Mr. SULZER. Then yon ought not to have done it. tired" in the fifth line. and insert this as that proviso. Mr. HULL. I would have supported the bill as reported if you Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota. Yes. had not stopped it on a point of order. It was the gentleman . Mr. BARTLETT. That simply makes a little more definite from New York who interfered with it. By his point he places what you mean by the proviso already in there? himself and his party on record as in favor of increasing pay of Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota. No; it makes it definite, but it officers when they perform no service for the country. But I do does not include those now on the retired list. It does not cut not believe his point of order is well taken as to this proposition. down anybody. The CHAIRMAN. The amendment offered by the gentleman Mr. BARTLETT. I have no objection to cutting down any­ from Minnesota [Mr. STEVENS] is as follows: body. Provided, That on and after the approval of this act- Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota. Well, we have not, but w:e can And so forth. It is evident that the words " that on and after not do it under the rules. the approval of this act,'' if the provision was adopted, would re­ The CHAIRMAN. I understand the gentleman from Ohio to. sult in enacting permanent law in this appropriation bill, and for withdraw his point of order, but only on the ground that the that reason are subject to the point of order. If the provision amendment be adopted. read so as to limit the appropriations in this bill, it would not be Mr. HULL. He reserves his point of order. subject to the point of order; but this provision seeks to enact per­ The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Minnesota asks unani­ manent law, and consequently the Chair sustains the point of mous consent that the amendment which he sends to the desk be order. substituted instead of the proviso on the top of page 11. Is there Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota. Mr. Chairman, I have another objection? [After a pause.] The Chair hears none. amendment, which I think comes clearly within the ruling of the · :Mr. SULZER. I object. Mr. WARNOCK. Mr. Chairman, I withdraw my point of Charr. . order for the present. The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Minnesota offers the The- CHAIRMAN. The point of order is withdrawn. following, which the Clerk will report: Mr. SULZER. Then I renew it. The Clerk read as follows: Insert after " dollars," in line 2, page 11 the following: · The CHAIRMAN. The -gentleman from New York makes the "Provided, That no part of this sum shall beu....cted for the payment of further point of order. increase of longevity pay to officers now on the retired list; and officers here- 1902. CONGRESSIONAL -RECORD-H-OUSE. - 3305 w• after retired from active service sha.ll not be allowed or paid therefrom a.ny Mr. SULZER. Mr. Chairman-- increase of longevity pay above the sum allowed a.nd paid to such officers at The CHAIR MAN. Does the gentleman from Minnesota yield? the date of retirement." Mr. SULZER. I understood the gentleman from Minnesota Mr. SULZER. A point of order, Mr. Chairman. That is just had concluded. the same as the other. It means the same thing and would ac- Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota. I have concluded all I care to complish the same thing. It is just a change of verbiage. I a-sk say. for order, Mr. Chairman. I think the Chair is capable of decid- Mr. SULZER. Just a very few words. Mr. Chairman, I agree ing the point of order without instructions from the gentleman substantially with my friend from New Jersey that this amend­ from Minnesota. ment, which has now been adopted, and that the whole provision The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from New York will be in should be voted down; and Itrustthattherewill beenonghmem­ order. If the gentleman has anything to say upon the point of bers on that side of the Honse to do so. I am glad, at this late . order, the Chair will hear him. day, that the gentleman from Iowa, chairman of the Committee Mr. SULZER. Mr. Chairman, this is clearly subject to a point on Military Affairs, has begun to see a new light, and that he now of order. It is exactly the same in effect as the previous amend- wants to reduce the expenditures of the Government. He is now ment offered by the gentleman from Minnesota, and accomplishes in favor of a little economy, after having been in favor for years the same thing. of the most extravagant appropriations for military affairs. The CHAIRMAN. The Chair calls the attention of the gen- In my judgment, this bill carries millions and millions of dol­ tleman to the fact that the amendment now proposed is a limita- Jars more than is necessary for the military establishment of the tion upon the appropriations in this bill, and with that in view, Government. I believe it will be a good thing at this time to if the gentleman has anything to say, the Chair will be glad to vote down this whole provision, in accordance with the views ex- _ hear from him. pressed by the gentleman from New Jersey, and I hope enough Mr. SULZER. My point of order is that this amendment will Republicans will vote with us on this side to accomplish that change existing law, and is clearly subject t.o the point of order purpose. under the rule, and the Chair has held accordingly regarding two . Mr. LACEY. Mr. Chairman-- previous alllendments. This amendment is almost identical with · The CHAIRMAN. Debate on this amendment is exhausted. the others, and accomplishes the same purpose. Mr. LACEY. I move to st1ike out the last word. I am not Mr. HULL. , Mr. Chairman, just a word before the Chair de- sure, Mr. Chairman, that I fully understand this amendment; cides the point of order, and one word only, I think, will make but if I do, it is to this effect: That the law heretofore fixed the the Chair very clear on the subject. That is, that I am delighted pay of an officer at a certain percentage of the amount given him - that at last the Democratic party has appeared as champion of when on acti\e duty. In addition to that there is the fogey allow­ the retired list, and in favor of increasing pay of officers after ance every five years of 10 per cent increase that the law gives to they are placed on the retired list. that pay. Mr. SULZER. That comes with very bad grace from a Re- The proposition in this bill is to appropriate only a portion of publican who has been in favor of it ever since he has been in what the law gives thisretired officer. If so, and we appropriate Congress. four-fifths of what is due the officer, what is to hinder him from :Mr. HULL. You gentlemen have always opposed it before. going to the Court of Claims and suing for the remainder and Mr. JETT. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike out the last word. getting a judgment against the Government of the United States The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will hear the gentleman on the for that portion of the pay not appropriated for? It does not pre- point of order. vent him getting it in the future. We simply put ourselves in Mr. JETT. I desire to be heard on the point of order. I want the attitude that we will not change the law, b t only appropri­ to take exception to what my distinguished friend [Mr. HULL], ate enough to pay for four-fifths or five-sixths of what the law the chairman of the Committee on Military Affairs, has said. gives the retired officer. _ . The CHAIRMAN. The Chair does not care to hear that ques- Mr. wARNOCK. I move to strike out the last two words. tion discussed: Unless the gentleman has something to say on Mr. HAY. I would like to be heard on the amendment. the point of order-- Mr. JETT. I was going to say that I hope the Chairman can MESSAGE FROM THE SEN A.TE. see his way clear to hold that this is a mere limitation upon this appropriation, and that this amendment may be adopted. For The committee informally rose; and Mr. CURTIS having taken myself I would love to have seen it stand as reported in this bill the chair as Speaker pro tempore, a message from the Senate, by rather than see this provision enacted into law, and I hope the Mr. p A.RKINSON' its reading clerk, announced that the Senate had distinguished gentleman presiding will see his way clear to hold passed. bills of the following titles; in which the concurrence of it is a mere limitation upon this provision, and it ought to be the House of Representatives was requested: - adopted. S. 2805. An act granting a pension to Mary Ella Cory; The CHAIRMAN. This amendment provides that '' no part S. 3103. An act granting an increase of pension to Susan Hays; of this sum shall be used for the payment," etc., purely limiting S. 2971. An act granting an increase of pension to Silas D. the provision to the amount appropriated on this bill. In other Strong; words, that no sum of money appropriated in this bill shall be S. 1678. An act granting an increase of pension to Charles B. used for this purpose. The amendment being a limitation upon Wingfield; · the appropriation bill, the Chair holds it is in order, and overrules S. 4319. An act granting an increase of pension to Helen G. the point of order made by the gentleman from New York. Heiner; Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. Nowthat the Chair has-and S. 2936. An act granting an increa-se of pension to Berthold properly, in my judgnient-ruled on the point, it ought to be voted Fernow; down. That amendment, which is for a single year, would read S. 34:72. An act granting an increa-se of pension to Zeno T. precisely as if it were for all time, and wholly defeats the object Griffin; of the gentleman .from Ohio in his original objection. That S. 1512. An act granting an increase of pension to Mary Jane amendment takes away the longevity pay of the veterans of the Faulkner; civil war who have been thirty years on the retired list just the S. 3519. An act granting an increase of pension to Charles L.­ same as a second lieutenant of last year, and it ought not to be Cummings; adoptf'd. S. 4:072. An act granting an increase of pension to Samuel J. Mr. SULZER. Iaskthatthe substitute be reported as amended. Lamden; The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from New York asks that S. 4:93. An act to amend act entitled ''An act to establish a code the amendment be again reported. Without objection, the Clerk of law for the District of Columbia;" will again report the amendment. S. 2305. An act granting an increase of pem;ion to Lemuel The amendment was again read. Grove; and Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota. Just a word in explanation. ­ S. 4:658. An act granting an increase of pension to Charles F.: Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. The words "further in- Rand. creased" were not read when that amendment was first read. The message also announced that the Senate had passed with Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota. This was prepared very care­ amendments bills of the following titles; in which the concur­ fully. I have gone over the matter with the pay officers of the rence of the House of Representatives was requested: War Department, and they have pointed out these two classes H. R. 10486. An act granting a pension to Alida Payne; very clearly. First those already increased, who do not get any H. R. 10044. An act granting an increase of pension tO William more, and second. including those who come hereafter; so that I Larzalere; · think it specifies clearly that it d0es not affect the first or the H. R. 12315. An act granting an increase of pension to James second. Todd; Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. As read the last time it is all H. R. 1011. An act granting an increa-se of pension to JohnS. right. Ranlett; CQNGRESSJ@ J\:L . RECORD---ROUSB. · MARCH 26 · · 3306 .. ' H. R. 11418. An act granting an inc1·ease of pension to Hannah Mr. MANN. Can the gentleman inform us what the amount T. Knowles; and - · appropriated is for the officem· on the actiye list? R R. 2273. An_act granting a pension to Mru'tha A. DeLamater. Mr. HULL. The bill tells that. Mr. MANN. . I suppose we· might be able to figure it out from ARMY APPROPRIATION BILL. the bill, but I would like to have the gentleman tell me, if he ~ The committee re umed its session. it at hand. • Mr. WARNOCK . . I want to make a few remarks upon this last Mr. HULL. On page 4 of the bill it provides for-paying officers amendment. of the line 5,0QO,OOO. The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Ohio moves' to strike Mr. MANN. I beg the gentleman's pardon, but I understand out the last two words. the reti1'ed list embraces- other· officers than the officers of the M.r; WARNOCK. I understand the proposition to be that you line. • can not change existing law under the rules as they now stand. Mr. HULL. So does the active list. I understand, further, that as claimed by the gentleman that the Mr. MANN. What I want to get at is what proportion of the law enacted in 18, 0 was open to construction once in the court, appropriation is now used to pay officers on the active list, and and the court held that the retired' officers were not entitled~ but what proportion to pay officers-on the retired list. the Supreme Court held that they were. Now, this amendment Mr. HULL. I should say it was a little less than one-third in offered is open to construction and leaves the matter in doubt. It favor of the retired list. . profe ses to make an appropriation for this year only as follows: Mr. MANN. It seems to me, Mr. Chairman, that when we get Pr01.. : ided, That no part of this sum shall be used fo1r the payment of fur­ to the point that the Government i& paying for men on the retired ther increase of longevity pay to officers now on the retired list; and offi­ list one--third as much as we are for men on the active list it is cers hereafter retired from ac.tiv"6 service shall not be allowed or paid there­ high time that some amendment of this sort was put into law. from any increase of l

E~"'ROLLED BILLS SIGNED. LEA. VE OF .A.BSE...~CE. Mr. WACHTER, from the Committee on Enrolled Bills, re­ BJt unanimous consent, leave of absence was granted as follows: ported that they had examined and found truly enrolled bills of To Mr. STEW .ART of New Jersey, indefinitely, on account of sick- the following titles; when the Speaker signed the same: ness in his family. · H. R. 10404. An act granting a pension to John Y. Corey; To Mr. PA.T.TJlliSON oi Pennsylvania~ until Friday next, on ac­ H. R. 7755·. An act granting a pension to Laura G. Weisen­ count of important business. burger· And then, on motion of Mr. HuLL (at 4 o!clock and 58 minutes H. R: 10411. An act granting an increa e of pension to Mary E. p. m.), the House adjourned. Singley· · H. R.'669. An act granting an increase of pension to Richard C. REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PUBLIC BILLS AND Smith; RESOLUTIONS. H. R. 366. An act granting an increase of pension to Edward Under clause 2 of Rule XIII,- bills and resolutions of the follow­ M. Kanouse; ing titfes were severally reported from committees, delivered to H. R. 2240. An act granting an increase of pension to Aquila the Clerk, and referred to the several Calendars therein named·, Wiley; as follows: B. R. 7683. An act granting an increase of pension to Almond :Mr. GROW, from the Committee on Education, to which was Delamater; - referred the bill of the House (H. R. 11911) to encourage the es­ H. R. 11619. An act granting an increase of pension to David A. tablishment of homes in the States and Territories for teaching Frier: articulate speech and vocal language to deaf children before they H. R. 8269. An act gt·anting an increase of pension to James are of school age, so as to :fit them to enter the public schools-pro­ :McClellen; vided for hearing children, reported the same without amend­ H. R. 1378. An act gt·anting an increase of pension to Bessie H. ment accompanied by a. rep01·t (No. 1225); which said bill and Le ter; report were referred to the Committee of the Whole House on the R. R. 2093. An act gt·anting an increase of pension to Anna B. state of the Union. McCurley; Mr. WANGER, from the Committee on Interstate and Foreign H. R. 2781. An act granting an increase of pension to Patrick Commerce, to which was referred the bill of the-. House (H. R. Lee: 12085) providing for the completion of ar light and fog-sigl_lal H. R. 2417. An a.ct granting a pension to James B. Harris; station in the Patapsco River, Maryland, reported the same With H. R. 7998. An act granting an increase of pension to William H. amendments, accompanied by a report (No. 1228); which said bill Allen· and report were referred to the Committee of the Whole House H. R. 6873. An act gt·anting an increase of pension to Sarah on the state of the Union. Maley; Mr. PERKINS, from the Committee on Foreign Affairs, to H. R. 8212. An act granting a pension to Alice Angel; which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 13031) to prohibit H. R. 9659. An act granting a pension to Laura · A. Van the coming into and to regulate the residen{!e within the United Wye· States, its Territories and all territory under its- jurisdiction, and H. 'R. 5869.. An act granting an increase of pension to Rollin the District of Columbia, of Chinese and persons of Chinese-descent, Tyler; . reported the same with amendments, accompanied by a report H. R. 1694. An act granting an increase of pension to Henry (No. 1231); which said bill and report were referred to the Com­ Ball· mittee of the Whole House on the state of the Union. H. R. 9178. An act granting an increase of pension to John M. :Mr. MONDELL, from the Committee on the Public Lands, to Howe; which was referred the bill of the House (H. R.11536) to transfer H. R. 10906. An acl granting a pension to John W. Meade; certain forest reserves to the control of the Department of Agri­ H. R. 5714. An act granting an increase of pension to Lucy B. culture to authorize game and fish protection in forest re ervest Bevis· and for' other purposes, submitted the views of the minority of H. R. 11011. An act granting an increase of pension to Emily said committee (No. 968, part 2) on said bill; which were refeiTed J. Tallman; to the Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union. H. R. 5261. An act granting an increase of pension to John H. Coates; H. R. 7341. An act granting a pension to Elizabeth W. Sim­ REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PRIVATE BILLS AND mons; and RESOLUTIONS. H. R. 10924. An act granting an increase of pension to Elias M. Under clause 2 of Rule XIII, private bills and resolutions of Haight. the following titles were ·severally reported from committees, ~""ROLLED BILLS PRESENTED TO THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED delivered to the Clerk, and referred to the Committee of the STA,TES. Whole House, as follows: Mr. THOMAS of Iowa, from the Committee on Claims, to Mr. WACHTER, from the Committee on Enrolled Bills, re­ which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 3525) for relief ported that they had presented this day to the President of the of Jacob B. Phillips, reported the same with amendments, accom­ United States for his approval bills of the following titles: panied by a report (No. 1229); which said bill and report were H. R. 11145. An act granting an increase of pension to Mary F. referred to the Private Calendar. Key; . · · f . t S ld E 1\Ir. SALMON, from the Committee on Claims, to which was H. R. 4488. An act granting an mcrease o pensiOn o e en . referred the bill of the House (H. R. 7007) for the relief of the Whitcher; legal representative of Maj. William Kendall, reported the arne H. R. 1529. An act gt·anting an increase of pension to John G. without amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 1230); which Brower· said bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. H. R.' 2673. An act gt·anting an increase of pension to John Mr. STORM, from the Committee on Claims, to which was re­ Vale· ferred the bill of the House (H. R. 8955) for the relief of Gottlieb H. R. 3272. An act granting an inc1·ease of pension to Israel P. Schlecht and Maurice D. Higgins, and for the relief of the heirs Covey; and legal representatives of William Bindhammer and Valentine H. R. 5543. An act granting an increase of pension to Samuel Brasch, reported the same with amendments, accompanied by a W. Skinner; report (No. 1232); which said bill and report were refeiTed to the H. R. 7823. An act gt·anting an increase of pension to Jacob D. Private Calendar. Caldwell; H. R. 9227. An act granting an increase of pension to Frederick ADVERSE REPORTS. Shafer; H. R. 9456. An act granting a pension to Ruth B. Osborne; Under clause 2 of Rule XIII, adverse reports were delivered to · H. R. 6018. An act gt·anting a pension to Lene Emma Mc- the Clerk and laid on the table, as follows: Junlrin· Mr. GROW from the Committee on Education, to which was H. R: 5289. An act granting a pension to Malvina C. Stith; referred the bill of the House (H. R. 7480) to encourage industrial H. R. 7074. An act granting a pension to Benjamin F. Draper; education in the several States reported the same adversely ac­ H. R. 8293. An act granting a pension to Amanda Jocko; companied by a report (No. 1226); which said bill and report were H. R. 9397. An act'gt·anting a pension to John S. Lewis: laid on the table. H. R. 4260. An act to correct the record of James A. Somer­ He also, from the same committee, to which was referred the ville; and bill of the House (H. R. 7481) to establish a general system of in­ H. R. 3148. An act for a marine hospital at Buffalo, N.Y. dustrial education in the Territories of the United States and ·-

3308 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MARCH 26, insular dependencies, reported the same adversely, accompanied Also, a bill (H. R. 13041) granting an increase of pension to by a report (No. 1227); which said bill and report were laid on William Wheeler-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. the table. By Mr. HANBURY (by request): A bill -(H. R. 13042) for the relief of Theodore R. Timby-to the Committee on Claims. By Mr. HAUGEN: A bill (H. R. 13043) granting a pension to PUBLIC BILLS, RESOLUTIONS, AND MEMORIALS. Elizabeth Kimball-to the Committee on Pensions. • Under clause 3 of Rule XXII, bills resolutions, and memorials By Mr. HEDGE: A bill (H. R. 13044) granting an increase of of the following titles were introduced, and severally referred as pension to Charles M. Baber-to the Committee on Invalid Pen­ follows: sions. By Mr. WOODS: A bill (H. R. 13026) to amend section 5 of an Also, a bill (H. R. 13045) granting an increase of pension to act entitled " An act to establish circuit courts of appeals and to Moses Kiger-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. define and regulate in certain cases the jurisdiction of the courts By Mr. HILDEBRANT: A bill (H. R. 13046) granting an in­ of the United States, and for other purposes," approved March crease of pension to Joseph H. Ludlum-to the Committee on In­ 3, 1891-to the Committee on the Judiciary. . valid Pensions. By Mr. JONES of Washington: A bill (H. R. 13027) extending Also, a bill (H. R. 13047) to remove the charge of desertion from the time for making final proof in desert-land entries in Yakima the military record of William Thomas-to the Committee on County, State of Washington-to the Committee on the Public Military Affairs. Lands. Also. a bill (H. R. 13048) to remove the sentence of court­ By Mr. BARTLETT (by request): A bill (H, R. 13028) to reg­ martial from the military record of Thomas J. Sutton-to the ulate the statute of limitations in suits to annul patents to land Committee on Military Affairs. obtained by fraud-to the Committee on the Public Lands. By :M:r. JONES of Virginia: A bill (H. R. 13049) for the relief of By Mr. IDLDEBRANT: A bill (H. R. 13029) for the relief of the trustees of the Drummondtown Methodist Episcopal Church, Josephs Band of Nez Perce Indians-to the Committee on In­ at Drummondtown, Va.-to the Committee on War Claims. dian Affairs. By Mr. KEHOE: A bill (H. R.13050) for relief of Baptist Church By Mr. WILCOX: A bill (H. R. 13030) to permit the Hawaiian of Flemingsburg, Ky.-to the Committee on War Claims. Tramways Company, Limited, to use and maintain electric trac­ · By Mr. LASSITER: A bill (H. R. 13051) for the relief of the tion-to the Committee on the Territories. estate of Richard Wiseman, deceased-to the Committee on War By Mr. PERKINS, from the Committee on Foreign Affairs: A Claims. . bill (H. R. 13031) to prohibit the coming into and to regulate the By Mr. LEWIS of Pennsylvania: A bill (H. R.13052) granting residence within the United States, its Territories, and all terri­ an increase of pension to Charles K. Batey-to the Committee on tory under its jurisdiction, and -the ·District of Columbia, of Invalid Pensions. Chinese and persons of Chinese descent, as a substitute for H. R. Also, a bill (H. R. 13053) granting an increase of pension to 9i330-to the Union Calendar. Samuel Law-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. WILCOX: A bill (H. R. 13032) to grant the right of By Mr. NORTON: A bill (H. R. 13054) granting a pension to way through the islands of the Territory of Hawaii to the Hawaii Louisa L. Kerr-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Railway Company, and for other purposes-to the Committee on Also, a bill (H. R. 13055) granting an increase of pension to the Territories. Thomas H. Thornburgij.-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. HAY: A joint resolution (H. J. Res. 172) authorizing Also, a bill (H. R. 13056) granting an increase of pension to_ the Secretary of War to loan to the Morgan Memorial Association, Isaac Decker-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. of Winchester, Va., certain Revolutionary trophies at Allegheny Also, a bill (H. R. 13057) granting an increase of pension to Arsenal, Pittsburg, Pa.-to the Committee on Military Affairs. John F. Zeller-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. CORLISS: A resolution (H. Res. 177) directing the Also, a bill (H. R. 13058) granting an increase of pension to Attorney-General to institute proceedings against the Commercial Wilson H. Davis-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Cable Company for violation of the act of July 2 1890, known as Also, a bill (H. R. 13059) granting an increase of pension to the" anti-trust law"-to the Committee on the Judiciary. William Greer-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. HILL: A resolution (H. Res. 178) for the consideration Also·, a bill (H. R. 13060) granting an increase of pension to of H. R. 12704-to the Committee on Rules. Joseph S. Chilcoat-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. POU: A resolution (H. Res. 179) to investigate the use By Mr. OTJEN: A bill (H. R. 13061) granting a pension to of money in the elections of 1896, 1898, and 1900-to the Commit­ George Larson-to the Committee on Pensions. tee on Rules. By Mr. PADGETT: A bill (H. R. 13062) for the relief of Rich­ By Mr. BELL: Joint memorial of the Colorado legislature, ask­ ard Workman-to the Committee on War Claims. ing for national aid in Western irrigation-to the Committee on By Mr. PUGSLEY: A bill (H. R. 13063) granting a pension to Inigation of Arid Lands. - Julia B. Shurtleff-to the Committee on Pensions. By the SPEAKER: Memorial of the legislature of Colorado in By Mr. RUMPLE: A bill (H. R. 13064) to restore to the pen­ regard to irrigation of arid lands-to the Committee on Irrigation sion roll the name of William W. McAllister-to the Committee of Arid Lands. on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. MERCER: Memorial and concurrent resolution of the By Mr. SELBY: A bill (H. R. 13065) granting an increa e of legislature of North Dakota, favoring the erection of suitable pension to William Edwards-to the Committee on Invalid Pen­ monument to mark Whita Stone battlefield, in said State-to the sions. Committee on Military Affairs. · Also, a bill (H. R. 13066) granting an increase of pension to 0. D. Jasper, Mexican war veteran-to the Committee on Pen­ sions. PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS. By Mr. SHALLENBERGER: A bill (H. R. 13067) for the re­ Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, private bills of the following titles lief of Reuben Stewart-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. were introduced and severally refened as follows: Also, a bill (H. R. 13068) granting an increase of pension to By Mr. BLACKBURN: A bill (H. R. 13033) for the relief of Jacob C. Yorty-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. . Mrs. Nancy Gregg-to the Committee on Claims. By Mr. SPERRY: A bill (H. R. 13069) granting a pension to Also, a bill (H. R. 13034) for the relief of Sidney Maxwell-to Leverett C. Lindley-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. the Committee on Claims. By Mr. SULLOWAY: A bill (H. R. 13070) granting a pension Also, a bill (H. R. 13035) for the relief of Z. C. Church-to the to Mary Lane-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Committee on Claims. By Mr. TAYLER of Ohio: A bill (H. R. 13071) granting an . By Mr. BULL: A bill (H. R. 13036) granting an increase of increase of pension to Robert A. Pinn-to the Committee on In­ pension to John B. Greenhalgh--:-to the Committee on Invalid valid Pensions. Pensions. By Mr. CROMER: A bill (H. R. 13037) granting an increase of pensi_on to Frank W. Anderton-to the Committee on Invalid PETITIONS, ETC. PensiOns. Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, the following petitions and By Mr. CUSHMAN: A bill (H. R. 13038) authorizing the Sec­ papers were laid on the Clerk's desk and referred as follows: retary of War to purchase the Isham shell and Tuttle's'' thorite ''­ By Mr. ACHESON: Petition of Waynesburg Lodge, No. 3, to the Committee on Appropriations. Greene County, Pa., favoring restrictive immigration laws-to By Mr. GORDON: A bill (H. R. 13039) granting an increase the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. of pension to William A. Mullen-to the Committee on Invalid Also, papers to accompany House bill 12600, granting an in· Pensions. crease of pension to Dr. GeorgeS. Graham-to the Committee on By Mr. GRIFFITH: A bill (H. R. 13040) granting an increase Invalid Pensions. of pension to Hensley-H. Kirk-to the Committee on Invalid Also, papers in support of House bill 4426, granting an increase Pensions. of pension to Daniel Sims-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 3309

By Mr. BARTHOLDT (by request): Affidavits and papers in Also, papers to accompany House bill 9072, granting an increase reference to a patent for a quarter section of land obtained by fraud of pension to George W. Steffey-to the Committee on Invalid by JohnS. Goddard and his false witnesses, September 9, 1869- Pensions. to the Committee on the Public Lands. Also. papers to accompany House bill 9569, granting an increase By Mr. BELL: Petition of citizens of Durango, Colo., asking of pension to Albert Deits-to the Committee on Invalid Pen­ for an antipolygamy amendment to the national Constitution-to sions. the Committee on the Judiciary. Also, papers to accompany House bill 6694, to correct the Also, resolutions of soldiers of the Second Congressional district military record of Richard Foster-to the Committee on Mili­ of Colorado, favoring passage of travel bill-to the Committee on tarv Affairs. Military Affairs. Also papers to accompany House bill 6696, to remove the Also, resolution of Typographical Union No. 425, Canon City, charge of desertion against the name of Hiram A. Thompson-to Colo., favoring reenactment of the Chinese-exclusion law-to the the Committee on Military Affairs. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Also, papers to accompany House bill 6691, to correct the Also, petition of the National Live Stock Association, for a military record of Cyrus Irwin-to the Committee on Military modification of section 4386 of the Revised Statutes of the United Affairs. States-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. , Also, resolutions by Board of Control, Michigan Reformatory, Also, resolutions of Grocers and Butchers' Association of Den­ Ionia, Mich., opposing the passage of House bills 3143 and 5798, -ver, indorsing the pure-food bill-to the Committee on Interstate restricting the shipment of prison-made goods-to the Committee and Foreign Commerce . . on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. Also, resolutions of Typographical Union, of Canon City, By Mr. DRAPER: Resolution of a meeting of Utah Volunteers miners' unions of Black Hawk and Ophir, Colo., favoring an ed­ for the Spanish-American war, relating to allowance for travel ucational restriction on immigration-to the Committee on Im­ pay from Manila, P. 1., to San Francisco, Cal.-to the Committee migration and Naturalization. on Military Affairs. By 1\Ir. BINGHAM: Resolutions of Polish societies of Phila­ By Mr. ESCH: Petition of Group No.6, Polish National Alli­ delphia, Pa., favoring the erection of a statue to the late Briga­ ance, of La Crosse, Wis., urging the passage of House bill No.16, diet·-General Count Pulaski at Washington-to the Committee on providing for the erection of a statue to the memory of Count the Library. Pulaski at Washington-to the Committee on the Library. By Mr. BOWERSOCK: Petition of citizens of Pleasanton, Linn Also, resolution of Guard Rail Lodge, No. 168, Brotherhood of County, Kans., favoring protection, with such changes in sched­ Locomoth-e Firemen, of North La Crosse, Wis., favoring the ulea from time to time as changed conditions may require-to the passage of the Hoar-Grosvenor anti-injunction bill-to the Com- Committee on Ways and Means. mittee on the Judiciary. . By Mr. BRICK: Resolutions of Polish Przemyslowcow Society By Mr. FITZGERALD: Resolutions of a mass meeting of the of South Bend, Ind., favoring the erection of a statue to the late Utah Volunteers, favoring bill to allow travel pay from Manila, B1igadier-General Count Pulaski at Washington-to the Com­ P. I., to San Francisco to those who enlisted on call for volun­ mittee on the Library. teers-to the Committee on Military Affairs. By Mr. BULL: Petition of the Society of the Sons of Poland By Mr. FLETCHER: Resolution of John A. Rawlins Post, and Lithuania of Providence, R. I., urging the passage of House Grand Army of the Republic, of Minneapolis, Minn., urging pas­ bill No. 16, providing for the erection of a statue to the memory sage of a bill for the establishment of a national park at Freder­ of Count Pulaski at Washington-to the Committee on the Li­ icksburg, Md.-to the Committee on Military Affairs. brary. By Mr. GRAHAM: Resolutions of a meeting of volunteers for Also, petition of George H. Hope and other citizens of Rhode the Spanish-American war, from Utah, asking for allowance of Island, favoring further restriction of immigration-to the Com­ travel pay from Manila, P. I., to San Francisco, Cal.-to the Com­ mittee on Immigration and Naturalization. mittee on Military Affairs. By Mr. BUTLER of Pennsylvania: Petition of citizens of Also, resolution of United Labor League, of Pittsburg, Pa., Chester County, Pa., favoring a further restriction of Chinese favoring the passage of the Hoar-Grosvenor anti-injunction bill­ immigration-to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. CANNON: Papers to accompany House bill 12981, By Mr. GREENE of Massachusetts: Resolutions of citizens of granting a pension to Sarah A. Waltrip-to the Committee on Osterville, Mass., favoring the granting of pensions to life-savers­ Invalid Pensions. to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. By Mr. CAPRON: Resolutions of Typographical Union No. 33, By Mr. GRIFFITH: Papers to accompany House bill granting and Brewery Workers' Union No. 166, of Providence, R. I., in an increase of pension to Dr. W. C. D. Stevenson-to the Com­ favor of ·the exclusion of Chinese laborers-to the Committee on mittee on Invalid Pensions. Foreign Affairs. By Mr. GROSVENOR: Petition of Post No. 434, Grand Army By Mr. CORLISS: Resolution of Retail Clerks of Detroit, Mich., of the Republic, Barlow, Ohio, favoring the construction of war for the further restriction of immigration-to the Committee on vessels at the Government navy-yards-to the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. · Naval Affairs. By Mr. COUSINS: Resolution of Brotherhood of Railroad Train­ Also, petition of Order of Railroad Condilctors No. 402, Massil­ men, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, on the subject of immigration-to the lon. Ohio, favoring a further restriction of Chinese immigration­ Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. By Mr. DALZELL: Resolutions of Brotherhood of Locomotive Also, resolutions of Divisions No. 402, of Massillon; No. 289, of Firemen of Connellsville, Pa.; Order of Railway Conductors of Wellsville; No. 299, of Lima; No. 134, of Bellevue, and No. 14, of Erie, Altoona, Bennett, and Carbondale, Pa.; Locomotive Engi­ Cleveland, Ohio, Order of Railway Conductors, and Lodges No. neers of Conemaugh, Philadelphia, East Mauchchunk, and West 21 and 243, Order of Railway Trainmen, and No. 208, Locomotive Philadel-phia, Pa.; Railroad Trainmen of Columbia, McKees Firemen, State of Ohio, favoring the passage of the Hoar-Gros­ Rocks, Sunbury, Derry, Scottdale, Carnegie, Pottsville, Cone­ venor anti-injunction bill-to the Committee on the Judiciary. maugh, and Carbondale, Pa., in regard to the Hoar-Grosvenor By Mr. HANBURY: Resolution of Boiler Makers' Union No. anti-injunction bill-to the Committee on the Judiciary. 171, Brooklyn, N.Y., favoring an educational restriction on im­ By Mr. DARRAGH: Papers to a~company House bill 5911, migration-to the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. granting an increase of pension to Gilbert G. Gabrion-to the Also, resolutions of the Manufacturers' Association of New Committee on Invalid P ensions. York, against the passage of Senate bill1118-to the Committee . Also, papers to accompany House bill8005, granting a pension on the Judiciary. to Samantha A. Newcomb-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, resolution of same body, favoring House bill9056, known Also, papers to accompany House bill 9570, granting an in­ as the Babcock bill-to the Committee on Ways and Means. crease of pension to Isaac Gabrion-to the Committee on Invalid Also, resolution of Boiler Makers' Union No. 171, Brooklyn, Pensions. N.Y., favoring further restriction of Chinese immigration-to Also, papers to accompany House bill 9073, granting an in­ the Committee on Foreign Affairs. crease of pension to Darling Wilson-to the Committee on Invalid By Mr. HEDGE: Resolutions of Painters and Decorators' Union Pensions. No. 83, of Keokuk, Iowa, and Union No. 548, of Fairfield, Iowa, Also, papers to accompany House bill 9074, granting a pension favoring restricted immigration-to the Committee on Immigra­ to Elizabeth Gates-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. tion and Naturalization. Also, papers to accompany House bill 8401, granting an in­ By Mr. HENRY of Connecticut: Resolution of Samuel Brown crease of pension to Hem-y E. Murphy-to the Committee on Post, No. 56, of Thompsonville, Conn., Grand Army of the Re· Invalid Pensions. public, favoring the construction of war vessels at the Govern­ Also. papers to accompany House bill9710, granting an increa ·e ment navy-yards-to the Committee on Naval Affairs. of pension to Elizabeth J. Eagon-to the Cominittee on Invalid Also, resolutions of various labor organizations of Hartford, Pensions . Thompsonville, and New Britain, Conn., favoring a. further

• 3310 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MARCH 26, restriction of Chinese immigration-to the Committee on Foreign salaries of clerks in first and second class post-offices-to the Com­ Affairs. mittee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. By Mr. HILDEBRANT: Petition of E. and M. J. Underwood, Also, resolutions of theNew Century Club, of Philadelphia Pa., of Harveysburg, Ohio, for the pa...~age of a bill to prohibit vice in for securing a national forest reserve in the Appalachian Moun­ the Philippines-to th~ Committee on Insular Affairs. tains-to the Committee on the Public Lands. Also, resolutions of Iron Molders' Union of Hillsboro, Ohio, Also, resolution of Lehigh Lodge, No. 292, of Weissport, Pa., favoring restrictive immigration laws-to the Committee on Im­ favoring the exclusion of Chinese laborers-to the Committee on migration and Naturalization. Foreign Affairs. Also, resolutions of Bricklayers' Union No. 16, of Xenia, Ohio, By Mr. NEEDHAM: Petition of the National Guard of Cali­ favoring further restriction of Chinese immigration-to the Com­ fprnia, for the passage of House bill11654-to the Committee on mittee on Foreign Affairs. the Militia. By Mr. IDTT: Petition of Boot and Shoe Workers' Union No. By Mr. NORTON: Petition of F. A. Mabery, of Tiffin, Ohio, 265, of Dixon, Ill., favoring legislation to exclude Chinese laborers in regard to reduction of duty on hides-to the Committee on from the United States and insular possessions-to the Commit­ Ways and Means. tee on Foreign Affairs. Also, papers to accompany House bill 12121, granting an in­ By Mr. JACKSON of Kansas: Papers t.o accompany House bill crease of pension to C. Ter:flinger-to the Committee on Invalid granting a pension to Oxley Johnson-to the Committee on In­ Pensions. valid Pensions. Also, resolution of Bucyrus Division, No. 193, Order Railway By Mr. JONES of Washington: Paper to accompany Honse Conductors, favoring the passage of the Foraker-Corliss bill­ bill No. 956 to amend the military record of Henry Von Hess­ to the Committee on Int~rstat~ and Foreign Commerce. to the Committee on Military Affairs. Also, petitions of Kleinmaier Brothers, of :Marion, F. H. Steig­ By Mr. JOY: Resolutions of Boot and Shoe Workers' Union meyer, of Attica, and the Schwerer Box Company, of Sandusky, No. 245, of St. Louis, Mo., for the passage of House bill9330, for Ohio, for reduction of tariff between United States and Cuba­ a further restriction of Chinese immigration-to the Committee to the Committee on Ways and Means. on Foreign Affairs. Also, petition of A.M. Hilfinger, of Crestline, Ohio, for there­ Also, resolution of Boot and Shoe Workers' Union No. 245, of classification of the Railway Mail Service-to the Committee on St. Louis, Mo., favoring the constrnction of naval ves els at Gov­ the Post-Office and Post-Roads. ernment navy-yards-to the Committee on Naval Affairs. Also, petition of Bucyrus Division, No. 193, Order of Railway Also, resolution of Railroad Trainmen, Future Great Lodge Conductors, favoring the passage of the Hoar-Grosvenor anti­ No. 45, favoring the passage of the Foraker-Corliss safety-appli­ injunction bill-to the Committee on the Judiciary. ance bill-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. Also, petitions of George W. Cunningham and 20 others, of By Mr. LAWRENCE: Petition of Shoe Cutters' Union of North Fostoria; H. J. Dryfuse and 6 others, of Bloomville; Alvie Myers Adams, Mass., favoring an extension of the Chinese-exclusion and 31 others, of Melrose; M. M. Shoemaker and 37 others, of law-to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. Fostoria; and Bucyrus (Ohio) Division, No. 193, Order of Railway By Mr. MAHON: Papers to accompany House bill 12995 for the Conductors; Buckeye Lodge, No. 35, of Galion; Marion Lodge, t·elief of John Lilley-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. No. 466, of Marion; Whetstone Lodge, No. 344, American Machin­ By Mr. MAYNARD: Papers to accompany House bill12996for ists, and Buckeye Union, No. 228, of Galion, Ohio, favoring an the relief of Western Branch Baptist Church, Virginia-to the educational qualification for immigrants-to the Committee on Committee on War Claims. Immigration and Naturalization. Also, papers to accompany House bill 12997 for the relief of Also, papers to accompany Honse bill13054, granting a pension Frances A. Almy-to the Committee on Pensions. to Louisa L. Kerr-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. McCALL: ResolutionofLithographers'UnionNo. 3 of Also, papers to accompany Honse bill 13060, granting an in­ Boston, Mass., in opposition to House bill 5777, amending the crease of pension to Joseph L. Chilcoat-to the Committee on In­ copyright law-to the Committee on Patents. valid Pensions. Also, t·esolution of Hardwood Finishers' Union No. 109, of Also, papers to accompany House bill 13059, granting an in­ Boston, Mass., favoring an educational qualification for immi­ crea-se of pension to William Greer-to the Committee on Invalid grants-to the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. Pensions. Also, petition of trustees of Tufts College, Massachusetts, in Also, papers to accompany Honse bill 13059, granting an in­ favor of bill to refund taxes paid by educational, charitable, etc., crease of pension to Wilson H. Davis-to the Committee on In­ institutions under the war-revenue act-to the Committee on valid Pensioru. Ways and Means. Also, papers to accompany Honse bill 13056, granting an in­ By Mr. McDERMOTT: Petitions of Piano and Organ Workers' crease of pension to Isaac Decker-to the Committee on Invalid Union No. 32,andShipbuildeJ.·s' UnionNo.16, ofJerseyCity, N.J., Pensions. in favor of the extension of the Chinese-exclusion law-to the Com­ Also, papers to accompany Honse bill 13057, granting an in­ mittee on Foreign Affairs. crea-se of pension to John F. Zeller-to the Committee on Invalid By Mr. MOODY of Oregon: Petition of the Chamber of Com­ Pensions. merce and Shipbuilder~' Union No. 72, of Portland, Oreg.,favoring By Mr. OTJEN: Resolutions of Lithographers' Association of a further restriction of Chinese immigration-to the Committee Milwaukee, Wis., favoring restrictive immi~ation laws-to the on Foreign Affairs. Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. Also, resolutions of the Board of Trade of Portland, Oreg., favor­ By Mr. PADGETT: Papers to accompany House bill for the in~ the establishment of a trans-Pacific cable by private enter­ relief of Richard Workman-to the Committee on War Claims. pnse-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. By Mr. PALMER: Petitions of Plymouth Branch, No. 457, Paul Also, resolution of Linn County Business Council, Patrons of Kopicki, and others, of Plymouth, Pa., and Branch No. 25, Polish Husbandry, of Oregon, opposing the leasing of public lands-to Alliance, of Wilkesbarre, Pa., favoring the erection of a statue to the Committee on the Public Lands. the late Brigadier-General Count Pulaski at Washington-to the Also, resolution of the Chamber of Commerce of Santa Barbara Committee on the Library. County, Cal., favoring House bill8337 and Senate bill3575, amend­ Also, petition of Bennington Post, No. 283, Gt·and Army of the ing the interstate-commerce act-to the Committee on Interstate Republic, Department of Pennsylvania, for investigation of ad­ and Foreign Commerce. ministration of Bureau of Pensions-to the Committee on Rules. Also. resolutions of Stanley Post, No. 73, of Flora, and Butler Also, resolutions of Railroad Telegraphers' Union No. 67, of Post No. 57, of Portland, Oreg., Grand Army of the Republic, Wilkesban·e, Pa., and Mine Workers' Union No. 173. of Auden­ favoring the construction of war vessels in the United States reid, Pa., favoring an extension of the Chinese-exclusion law-to· navy-yards-to the Committee on Naval Affairs. the Committee on Foreign Affairs. By Mr. MORRIS: Resolutions of Northwestern Manufacturers' Also, resolutions of Railroad Telegraphers' Union No. 67 of Association, in relation to the irrigation of arid lands-to the Com­ Wilkesbarre, Pa., favoring a further restriction of immigration­ mittee on Irrigation of Arid Lands. to the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. Also, resolutions of John A. Rawlins Post No. 126, Minneapo­ By Mr. PAYNE: Papers to accompany Honse bill1200'J, grant­ lis, Minn., for the establishment of the Fredericksburg National ing a pension to Julia Lee-to the Committee on Pensions. Battlefields Memorial Park Association of Virginia-to the Com­ By Mr. PUGSLEY: Petition of citizens of Mount Vernon, mittee on Military Affairs. N.Y., for an amendment to the Constitution prohibiting polyg­ By Mr. MUTCHLER: Resolution of Typographical Union No. amy-to the Committee on the Judiciary. 17, of New Orleans, La.; Typographical Union No. 206, Sedalia, Also, resolutions of Carpenters' Union No. 718, of New Ro­ Mo.; Typographical Union No. 198, Fort Worth, Tex., and Mail­ chelle, Bricklayers' Union No. 75, of White Plains, N.Y., favor­ ers' Union No.3, St. Louis Mo., in opposition to House bill5777, ing an educational qualification for immigrants-to the Commit­ amending the copyri~ht law-to the Committee on Patents. tee on Immigration and Naturalization. Also, petition of Lmwood Griffin, Memphis, Tenn., relating to Also, resolutions of Typographical Union No. 6, of New York, 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 3311 favoring the passage of House bill to increase the pay of letter SENATE. carriers-to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. Also, I'esolutions of Interstate Irrigation Congress of Colorado THURSDAY, Ma,rch 27, 1902. and Nebraska delegates in joint convention, favoring irrigation P1·ayer by the Chaplain, Rev. W. H. MILBURN, D. D. of arid lands-to the Committee on Irrigation of Arid Lands. The Secretary proceeded to read the Journal of yesterday's pro­ Also, resolutions of Bricklayers and Plasterers' Union No. 75, ceedings, when, on request of Jl,fr. FosTER of Washington, and by of White Plains, and Bricklayers' Union No. 33, of New York, unanimous consent, the further reading was dispensed with. favoring legislation to exclude Chinese laborers from the United The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Without objection, the J onr­ State and insular possessions-to the Committee on Foreign .Af­ nal will stand approved. fairs. Also, resolutions of Wholesale Grocers' Association of New CHARLESTON (8. C.) HARBOR DIPROVEME...TI. York and vicinity, regarding the Indian warehouse in New The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Chair lays before the Sen­ York-t<> the Committee on Indian Affairs. ate a communication from the Secretary of War, transmitting, in By Mr. RIC~DSON of Alabama: Paper to accompany response to a resolution of the 25th instant, a letter from the House bill No. 13010, to amend the militat·y record of Richard Chief of Engineers, United States Army, together with a copy of Wilson-to the Committee on Military Affairs. a report from Capt. J. C. Sanford, Corps of Engineers, giving a By Mr. RYAN: Resolutions of the Chamber of Commerce of modified estimate of the cost of improving inland navigation be­ Stockton, Cal., for an appropriation for the purpose of diverting tween Charleston, S.C., and McClellanville. The Chair suggest , the waters of the Mormon Channel into Calaveras River-to the if there be no objection, that the communication and accompany­ Committee on Rivers and Harbors. ing papers be referred to the Committee on Commerce, without Also, resolutions of St. Joseph Branch, No. 225, and Rejtana printing. Branch, No. 279, Polish National Alliance, Buffalo, N.Y., favor­ ing the erection of a statue to the late Brigadier-General Count AGREEM:El\'"T WITH CHOCT.A. W AND CHICK.A.S.A. W INDLL"~'~"S. Pulaski at Washington-to the Commit'-t£e on the Library. The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a com­ Also, resolution of National Wholesale Lumber Dealers' Asso­ munication from the Secretary of the Interior, transmitting an ciation, favoring bill now pending to abolish the London landing agreement between the United States and the Choctaw and charges on cargoes of lumber from North Atlantic ports-to the Chickasaw tribes of Indians in the Indian Territory, which has Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. been negotiated on behalf of the United States by the Commis­ By Mr. RUSSELL: Resolutions of Pomona Grange, No.9, Fair­ sion to the Five Civilized Tribes and on behalf of the Choctaws field County, Conn., favoring House bill 6578, to improve postal and Chickasaws by commissioners appointed for that purpose by facilities-to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. their respective tribes; which, with the accompanying papers, By Mr. SCOTT: Petition of Harry Evans and 47 citizens of was referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs, and m·dered to Pleasanton, Kans., favoring reciprocity with Cuba-to the Com­ be printed. mittee on Ways and Means. . MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE. By Mr. SHALLENBERGER: Resolutions of George G. Meade A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. W. J. Post, No. 19, Grand Anny of the Republic, of Sutton, Nebr., fa­ BROWNING,_its Chief Clerk, announced that the House had pa sed voring the construction of war vessels in the United States navy­ a joint resolution (H. J. Res. 171) for appointment of Board of yards-to the Committee on Naval Affairs. Managers of the National Home for Disabled Volunt~r Soldiers; By Mr. SIBLEY: Resolution of Turbut Grange, No. 249, North­ in which it requested the concurrence of the Senate. umberland County, Pa.t asking for the defeat of the irrigation bill-to the Committee on Irrigation of Arid Lands. E..'i&OLLED BILLS SIG:KED. By Mr. SKILES: Petition of Victory Star Branch, No. 442, The message also announced that the Speaker of the House had Polish National Alliance, of Lorain, Ohio, urging the passage of signed the following enrolled bills and joint resolution; and they House bill16, providing for the erection of a statue to the mem­ were thereupon signed by the President pro tempore: ory of Count Palaski at Washington-to the Committee on the A bill (H. R. 366) granting an increase of pension to Edward Library. M. Kanouse; By :Mr. HENRY C. SMITH: Resolution of Cigar Makers' A bill (H. R. 669) granting an increase of pension to Richard Union No. 314, Jackson, Mich., against reducing tariff on tobacco C. Smith; from Cuba, etc.-to the Committee on Ways and Means. A bill (H. R. 1378) granting an increase of pension to Bes ie H. By Mr. SAMUEL W. Sl\IITH: Resolution of Painters and Pa­ Lester; per Hangers' Union No. 233 and Barbers' Union No.15, of Flint, A bill (H. R. 1694) granting an increase of pension to Henry Mich., favoring an educational restriction on immigration-to Ball; the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. A bill (H. R. 2093) granting an increase of pension to Anna B. By Mr. STEELE: Statement to accompany House bill for the McCurley; relief of the bondsmen of I. W. Eurit, late postmaster at Ma{}y, A bill (H. R. 2240) granting an increase of pension to Aquila Ind.-to the Committee on Claims. Wiley; By Mr. SULLOWAY: Petition of Brotherhood of Railroad A bill ~H. R. 2417) granting a pension to James B. Harris; Trainmen of Manchester, N.H., favoring an educational qualifi­ A bill (H. R. 2781) granting an increase of pension to Patrick · cation for immigrants-to the Committee on Immigration and Lee; Naturalization. A bill (H. R. 3136) for a public building for a marine hospital By Mr. SULZER: Petition of volunteers for the Spanish­ at Pittsburg, Pa.; American war for travel pay from Manila to San Francisco, A bill (H. R. 5261) granting an increase of pension to John H. Cal.-to the Committee on Military Affairs. Coates; By 1\.fr. TAWNEY: Petition of Division No. 215, of Austin, A bill (H. R. 5714) granting an increase of pension to Lucy B. Minn., Brothe1·hood of Railroad Conductors, favoring the pas­ Bevis; sage of the Hoar-Grosvenor anti-injunction bill-to the Commit­ A bill (H. R. 5862) granting an increase of pension to Rollin tee on the Judiciary. Tyler; By Mr. THAYER: Resolutions of Worcester Division, No. 237, A bill (H. R. 6873) granting an increase of pension to Sarah Order of Railway Conductors, favoring a reenactment of the Maley; Chinese-exclusion law-to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. A bill (H. R. 7341) granting a pension to Elizabeth W. Sim­ By Mr. VREELAND: Petition of Knights of Kosciusko, Dun­ mons; kirk, N. Y., favoring the passage of House bill 16-to the Com­ A-bill (H. R. 7683) granting an increase of pension to Almond mittee on the Library. Delamater; Also, resolutions of Bakers' Union of Dunkirk, N. Y., and A bill (H. R. 7755) granting a pension to Laura G. Weisen- Union No. 270, of Jamestown, N.Y., favoring an extension of burger; • the Chinese-exclusion law-to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. A bill (H. R. 7998) granting an increase of pension to William Also, resolutions of same, favoring the restriction of immigra­ H. Allen; tion-to the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. A. bill (H. R. 8212) granting a pension to Alice Angel; By Mr. WILLIAMS of Illinois: Paper to accompany House bill A bill (H. R. 8269) granting an increase of pension to James 13024, granting an increase of pension to Isaac W. Waters-to the McClellan; Committee on Invalid Pensions. A bill (H. R. 9178) granting an increase of pension to John M. Also, papers to accompany House bill13023. granting a pension Howe; to James C. Finn-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. A bill (H. R. 9659) granting a pension to Laura A. Van Wye; By Mr. WOODS: Papers to accompany House bill13017, grant­ A. bill (H. R. 10404) granting a pension to John Y. Corey; ing an increase of pension to James Austin-to the Committee on A bill (H. R. 10411) granting an increase of pension to Mary E. lnTalid Pensions. Singley; .