An Introduction to Invertebrates 667 Figure 33.3 (Continued) Exploring Invertebrate Diversity
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A Report on Two Alien Invasive Species of the Genus Sceliphron Klug, 1801 (Hymenoptera Sphecidae) from Sicily, with a Brief Faunistic Update on the Native Species
Biodiversity Journal , 2017, 8 (2): 753–762 A report on two alien invasive species of the genus Sceliphron Klug, 1801 (Hymenoptera Sphecidae) from Sicily, with a brief faunistic update on the native species Giuseppe Fabrizio Turrisi 1,* & Giovanni Altadonna 2 1Via Cristoforo Colombo 8, 95030, Pedara, Catania, Italy; e-mail: [email protected] 2Contrada Filangeri s.n.c., Vill. Pistunina, 98125, Messina, Italy; e-mail: [email protected] *Corresponding author ABSTRACT Two alien invasive species of the genus Sceliphron Klug, 1801 (Hymenoptera Sphecidae) were recently found in Sicily: S. caementarium (Drury, 1773) is recorded from Sicily (Messina province) for the first time; S. curvatum (F. Smith, 1870), previously recorded from Sicily only through generic data from literature and only one locality in a web forum of amateurs, is confirmed as definitely established in the Island. The Regional distribution of both alien species in Italy is revised based on data taken from literature and reliable reports from web forums. A brief faunistic account on the three native Sceliphron from Sicily is provided: S. destillatorium (Illiger, 1807) and S. spirifex (Linnaeus, 1758) are both new for the Aeolian Islands (respectively reported for Panarea and Vulcano). KEY WORDS Sceliphron caementarium ; first record; Sphecidae; Sicily; Italy; alien; invasive species. Received 12.06.2017; accepted 23.06.2017; printed 30.06.2017 INTRODUCTION body with more or less extended yellow spots. The head has a flattened frons, antenna filiform, without In terms of alien species diversity within inver- placoids in the male, distance between antennal tebrate orders, Hymenoptera ranks as third following socket and fronto-clypeal suture at least 0.5 anten - Coleoptera and Hemiptera, with about 300 species, nal socket diameter, mandible without teeth (with representing 30 families, introduced to Europe some exception in the female of a few species) and (Rasplus et al., 2010). -
Buzzle – Zoology Terms – Glossary of Biology Terms and Definitions Http
Buzzle – Zoology Terms – Glossary of Biology Terms and Definitions http://www.buzzle.com/articles/biology-terms-glossary-of-biology-terms-and- definitions.html#ZoologyGlossary Biology is the branch of science concerned with the study of life: structure, growth, functioning and evolution of living things. This discipline of science comprises three sub-disciplines that are botany (study of plants), Zoology (study of animals) and Microbiology (study of microorganisms). This vast subject of science involves the usage of myriads of biology terms, which are essential to be comprehended correctly. People involved in the science field encounter innumerable jargons during their study, research or work. Moreover, since science is a part of everybody's life, it is something that is important to all individuals. A Abdomen: Abdomen in mammals is the portion of the body which is located below the rib cage, and in arthropods below the thorax. It is the cavity that contains stomach, intestines, etc. Abscission: Abscission is a process of shedding or separating part of an organism from the rest of it. Common examples are that of, plant parts like leaves, fruits, flowers and bark being separated from the plant. Accidental: Accidental refers to the occurrences or existence of all those species that would not be found in a particular region under normal circumstances. Acclimation: Acclimation refers to the morphological and/or physiological changes experienced by various organisms to adapt or accustom themselves to a new climate or environment. Active Transport: The movement of cellular substances like ions or molecules by traveling across the membrane, towards a higher level of concentration while consuming energy. -
BULLETIN (Mailed to Financial Members of the Society Within Victoria) Price 50¢ EDITOR Val Cram
THE MALACOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AUSTRALASIA Inc. VICTORIAN BRANCH BULLETIN (Mailed to financial members of the Society within Victoria) Price 50¢ EDITOR Val Cram. Tel. No. 9792 9163 ADDRESS: 6 Southdean Street, Dandenong, Vic. 3175 Conus marmoreus Linne EMAIL: [email protected] VIC. BR. BULL. NO. 269 JUNE/JULY 2013 NOTICE OF MEETING The next meeting of the Branch will be held on the 17th June at the Melbourne Camera Club Building, cnr. Dorcas & Ferrars Sts South Melbourne at 8pm. This will be a Member’s night. Raffles & Supper as usual. There will be no meeting in July. A Bulletin will be issued prior to the August meeting which will be held on the 19th. At the April meeting we welcomed Caitlin Woods, PR Officer for the Malacological Society of Australasia. We discussed with her our role in the society and she offered any assistance she could to promote our branch to further the study of molluscs in Victoria. Jack Austin advises, with considerable regret, that he must dispose of his shell collection as his intended successor-grandson has opted for a volunteer career overseas and will not have a house in Australia for some years. Jack is a part-sponsor of this venture and will sell-off what he can of the collection to raise funds for his grandson. The collection is fairly extensive world-wide, about 7,000 lots, emphasising GBR, SE Australia, NT, Pacific lslands. All lots are registered - lists of families or places can be supplied. Contact details" 11 Station St., Hastings, Vic. (03) 59797242 Secretary/Treasurer Michael Lyons Tel. -
Introduction to Arthropod Groups What Is Entomology?
Entomology 340 Introduction to Arthropod Groups What is Entomology? The study of insects (and their near relatives). Species Diversity PLANTS INSECTS OTHER ANIMALS OTHER ARTHROPODS How many kinds of insects are there in the world? • 1,000,0001,000,000 speciesspecies knownknown Possibly 3,000,000 unidentified species Insects & Relatives 100,000 species in N America 1,000 in a typical backyard Mostly beneficial or harmless Pollination Food for birds and fish Produce honey, wax, shellac, silk Less than 3% are pests Destroy food crops, ornamentals Attack humans and pets Transmit disease Classification of Japanese Beetle Kingdom Animalia Phylum Arthropoda Class Insecta Order Coleoptera Family Scarabaeidae Genus Popillia Species japonica Arthropoda (jointed foot) Arachnida -Spiders, Ticks, Mites, Scorpions Xiphosura -Horseshoe crabs Crustacea -Sowbugs, Pillbugs, Crabs, Shrimp Diplopoda - Millipedes Chilopoda - Centipedes Symphyla - Symphylans Insecta - Insects Shared Characteristics of Phylum Arthropoda - Segmented bodies are arranged into regions, called tagmata (in insects = head, thorax, abdomen). - Paired appendages (e.g., legs, antennae) are jointed. - Posess chitinous exoskeletion that must be shed during growth. - Have bilateral symmetry. - Nervous system is ventral (belly) and the circulatory system is open and dorsal (back). Arthropod Groups Mouthpart characteristics are divided arthropods into two large groups •Chelicerates (Scissors-like) •Mandibulates (Pliers-like) Arthropod Groups Chelicerate Arachnida -Spiders, -
Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve Management Plan 2011-2016
Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve Management Plan 2011-2016 April 1981 Revised, May 1982 2nd revision, April 1983 3rd revision, December 1999 4th revision, May 2011 Prepared for U.S. Department of Commerce Ohio Department of Natural Resources National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Division of Wildlife Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management 2045 Morse Road, Bldg. G Estuarine Reserves Division Columbus, Ohio 1305 East West Highway 43229-6693 Silver Spring, MD 20910 This management plan has been developed in accordance with NOAA regulations, including all provisions for public involvement. It is consistent with the congressional intent of Section 315 of the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended, and the provisions of the Ohio Coastal Management Program. OWC NERR Management Plan, 2011 - 2016 Acknowledgements This management plan was prepared by the staff and Advisory Council of the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve (OWC NERR), in collaboration with the Ohio Department of Natural Resources-Division of Wildlife. Participants in the planning process included: Manager, Frank Lopez; Research Coordinator, Dr. David Klarer; Coastal Training Program Coordinator, Heather Elmer; Education Coordinator, Ann Keefe; Education Specialist Phoebe Van Zoest; and Office Assistant, Gloria Pasterak. Other Reserve staff including Dick Boyer and Marje Bernhardt contributed their expertise to numerous planning meetings. The Reserve is grateful for the input and recommendations provided by members of the Old Woman Creek NERR Advisory Council. The Reserve is appreciative of the review, guidance, and council of Division of Wildlife Executive Administrator Dave Scott and the mapping expertise of Keith Lott and the late Steve Barry. -
(1104L) Animal Kingdom Part I
(1104L) Animal Kingdom Part I By: Jeffrey Mahr (1104L) Animal Kingdom Part I By: Jeffrey Mahr Online: < http://cnx.org/content/col12086/1.1/ > OpenStax-CNX This selection and arrangement of content as a collection is copyrighted by Jerey Mahr. It is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Collection structure revised: October 17, 2016 PDF generated: October 17, 2016 For copyright and attribution information for the modules contained in this collection, see p. 58. Table of Contents 1 (1104L) Animals introduction ....................................................................1 2 (1104L) Characteristics of Animals ..............................................................3 3 (1104L)The Evolutionary History of the Animal Kingdom ..................................11 4 (1104L) Phylum Porifera ........................................................................23 5 (1104L) Phylum Cnidaria .......................................................................31 6 (1104L) Phylum Rotifera & Phylum Platyhelminthes ........................................45 Glossary .............................................................................................53 Index ................................................................................................56 Attributions .........................................................................................58 iv Available for free at Connexions <http://cnx.org/content/col12086/1.1> Chapter 1 (1104L) Animals introduction1 -
Insect and Arachnid Collection Quest
INSECT AND ARACHNID COLLECTION QUEST This quest encourages you to explore and investigate what you might normally ignore. To complete this quest, find 10 different species of insects, at least one species of arachnids, preserve the insects and arachnids, and then pin your collection. Once you have completed these steps, label the parts of the insects and the arachnids. At the end of this quest, you will receive a “Critters of Texas” pocket guide and points to use toward the trade items at Texas Nature Traders. STEP 1: Identify and collect 10 different insect species. The collection should include five different families of insects. STEP 2: Identify and collect at least one species of arachnids. STEP 3: Perform the proper procurement and preservation methods. STEP 4: Properly pin insects and arachnids. STEP 5: Label parts of insects: head, thorax and abdomen. Label parts of arachnids: cephalothorax and abdomen. STEP 6: Bring in the collection to Texas Nature Traders. FUN FACTS AND ANSWERS TO CURIOUS QUESTIONS What is the difference between insects and arachnids? o Mostly anatomical, such as: arachnids lack antennae; insects have mandibles and arachnids have fangs; insects have six legs and arachnids have eight. Can insects hear? o Yes. Insects use sounds to communicate and navigate their environment. Most insects have a pair of tympanal organs. In many cases, there is also a receptor on the antennae called the Johnston’s organ, which also collects sound vibrations. Are insects/arachnids considered animals? o Yes, they belong to the kingdom Animalia. Where in the world has the most mosquitoes? o Alaska has the most mosquitoes due to the melting snow, which leaves large amounts of standing water – perfect conditions for mosquito breeding. -
Invertebrate Biology Wileyonlinelibrary.Com/Journal/Ivb VOLUME 134 | NUMBER 3 | 2015
ivb_134_3_oc_OC.qxd 8/18/2015 10:23 AM Page 1 Invertebrate Invertebrate Biology wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/ivb VOLUME 134 | NUMBER 3 | 2015 VOLUME 134 NUMBER 3 2015 | | Biology CONTENTS 181–188 Ultrastructure of the rotifer integument: peculiarities of Sinantherina socialis (Monogononta: Invertebrate Biology Gnesiotrocha) Rick Hochberg, Adele Hochberg, and Courtney Chan 189–202 Linking zebra mussel growth and survival with two cellular stress indicators during chronic VOLUME temperature stress Jennifer A. Jost, Emily N. Soltis, Marshall R. Moyer, and Sarah S. Keshwani 134 203–213 Sex‐specific reproductive investment of summer spawners of Illex argentinus in the southwest | NUMBER Atlantic Dongming Lin, Xinjun Chen, Yong Chen, and Zhou Fang 3 – | 214 230 Immunohistochemical investigations of the development of Scoloplos armiger (“intertidalis clade”) 2015 indicate a paedomorphic origin of Proscoloplos cygnochaetus (Annelida, Orbiniidae) Conrad Helm, Anne Krause, and Christoph Bleidorn 231–241 Effects of tidal height and wave exposure on cirrus and penis morphology of the acorn barnacle Tetraclita stalactifera J. Matthew Hoch and Kevin V. Reyes 242–251 The distribution of cave twilight‐zone spiders depends on microclimatic features and trophic supply Raoul Manenti, Enrico Lunghi, and Gentile Francesco Ficetola 252–259 A non‐destructive tissue sampling technique for holothurians to facilitate extraction of DNA for genetic analysis Samantha J. Nowland, Dean R. Jerry, and Paul C. Southgate 260 Erratum COVER ILLUSTRATION Cave habitats are unusual among terrestrial habitats because most of their trophic resources are ultimately derived by transport from surface communities. The amount and distribution of these resources in caves may have strong effects on the biology of cave-dwelling species. -
Homeowner Guide to Scorpions and Their Relatives
HOMEOWNER Guide to by Edward John Bechinski, Dennis J. Schotzko, and Craig R. Baird CIS 1168 Scorpions and their relatives “Arachnid” is the scientific classification category for all eight-legged relatives of insects. Spiders are the biggest group of arachnids, with nearly 3800 species known from the U.S and Canada. But the arachnid category includes other types of eight-legged creatures that sometime cause concern. Some of Idaho’s non-spider arachnids – such as scorpions -- pose potential threats to human health. Two related non-spider arachnids – sun scorpions and pseudoscorpions – look fearsome but are entirely harmless. This publication will help you identify these three groups and understand the threats they pose. All three of these groups almost always are seen as lone individuals that do not require any control. Scorpions IDENTIFICATION AND BIOLOGY FLUORESCENT SCORPIONS Scorpions are easily identified by their claw-like pincers at the The bodies of some scorpions – normally pale tan to darker red-brown – front of the head and their thin, many-segmented abdomen that glow yellow-green when exposed to ultraviolet light. Even fossils millions ends in an enlarged bulb with a curved sting at the tip (figure 1). of years old fluoresce under ultraviolet light. Sun spiders similarly glow yel- Five species ranging in size from 2 to 7 inches long occur in low-green under UV light. Idaho. Scorpions primarily occur in the sagebrush desert of the southern half of Idaho, but one species – the northern scorpion (Paruroctonus boreus)– occurs as far north as Lewiston, along the Snake River canyon of north-central Idaho. -
Comparative Neuroanatomy of Mollusks and Nemerteans in the Context of Deep Metazoan Phylogeny
Comparative Neuroanatomy of Mollusks and Nemerteans in the Context of Deep Metazoan Phylogeny Von der Fakultät für Mathematik, Informatik und Naturwissenschaften der RWTH Aachen University zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades einer Doktorin der Naturwissenschaften genehmigte Dissertation vorgelegt von Diplom-Biologin Simone Faller aus Frankfurt am Main Berichter: Privatdozent Dr. Rudolf Loesel Universitätsprofessor Dr. Peter Bräunig Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 09. März 2012 Diese Dissertation ist auf den Internetseiten der Hochschulbibliothek online verfügbar. Contents 1 General Introduction 1 Deep Metazoan Phylogeny 1 Neurophylogeny 2 Mollusca 5 Nemertea 6 Aim of the thesis 7 2 Neuroanatomy of Minor Mollusca 9 Introduction 9 Material and Methods 10 Results 12 Caudofoveata 12 Scutopus ventrolineatus 12 Falcidens crossotus 16 Solenogastres 16 Dorymenia sarsii 16 Polyplacophora 20 Lepidochitona cinerea 20 Acanthochitona crinita 20 Scaphopoda 22 Antalis entalis 22 Entalina quinquangularis 24 Discussion 25 Structure of the brain and nerve cords 25 Caudofoveata 25 Solenogastres 26 Polyplacophora 27 Scaphopoda 27 i CONTENTS Evolutionary considerations 28 Relationship among non-conchiferan molluscan taxa 28 Position of the Scaphopoda within Conchifera 29 Position of Mollusca within Protostomia 30 3 Neuroanatomy of Nemertea 33 Introduction 33 Material and Methods 34 Results 35 Brain 35 Cerebral organ 38 Nerve cords and peripheral nervous system 38 Discussion 38 Peripheral nervous system 40 Central nervous system 40 In search for the urbilaterian brain 42 4 General Discussion 45 Evolution of higher brain centers 46 Neuroanatomical glossary and data matrix – Essential steps toward a cladistic analysis of neuroanatomical data 49 5 Summary 53 6 Zusammenfassung 57 7 References 61 Danksagung 75 Lebenslauf 79 ii iii 1 General Introduction Deep Metazoan Phylogeny The concept of phylogeny follows directly from the theory of evolution as published by Charles Darwin in The origin of species (1859). -
Defining Phyla: Evolutionary Pathways to Metazoan Body Plans
EVOLUTION & DEVELOPMENT 3:6, 432-442 (2001) Defining phyla: evolutionary pathways to metazoan body plans Allen G. Collins^ and James W. Valentine* Museum of Paleontology and Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA 'Author for correspondence (email: [email protected]) 'Present address: Section of Ecology, Befiavior, and Evolution, Division of Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0116, USA SUMMARY Phyla are defined by two sets of criteria, one pothesis of Nielsen; the clonal hypothesis of Dewel; the set- morphological and the other historical. Molecular evidence aside cell hypothesis of Davidson et al.; and a benthic hy- permits the grouping of animals into clades and suggests that pothesis suggested by the fossil record. It is concluded that a some groups widely recognized as phyla are paraphyletic, benthic radiation of animals could have supplied the ances- while some may be polyphyletic; the phyletic status of crown tral lineages of all but a few phyla, is consistent with molecu- phyla is tabulated. Four recent evolutionary scenarios for the lar evidence, accords well with fossil evidence, and accounts origins of metazoan phyla and of supraphyletic clades are as- for some of the difficulties in phylogenetic analyses of phyla sessed in the light of a molecular phylogeny: the trochaea hy- based on morphological criteria. INTRODUCTION Molecules have provided an important operational ad- vance to addressing questions about the origins of animal Concepts of animal phyla have changed importantly from phyla. Molecular developmental and comparative genomic their origins in the six Linnaean classis and four Cuvieran evidence offer insights into the genetic bases of body plan embranchements. -
A Phylum-Wide Survey Reveals Multiple Independent Gains of Head Regeneration Ability in Nemertea
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/439497; this version posted October 11, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC 4.0 International license. A phylum-wide survey reveals multiple independent gains of head regeneration ability in Nemertea Eduardo E. Zattara1,2,5, Fernando A. Fernández-Álvarez3, Terra C. Hiebert4, Alexandra E. Bely2 and Jon L. Norenburg1 1 Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA 2 Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA 3 Institut de Ciències del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Barcelona, Spain 4 Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA 5 INIBIOMA, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Bariloche, RN, Argentina Corresponding author: E.E. Zattara, [email protected] Abstract Animals vary widely in their ability to regenerate, suggesting that regenerative abilities have a rich evolutionary history. However, our understanding of this history remains limited because regeneration ability has only been evaluated in a tiny fraction of species. Available comparative regeneration studies have identified losses of regenerative ability, yet clear documentation of gains is lacking. We surveyed regenerative ability in 34 species spanning the phylum Nemertea, assessing the ability to regenerate heads and tails either through our own experiments or from literature reports. Our sampling included representatives of the 10 most diverse families and all three orders comprising this phylum.