Public Report

To: Development Services Committee

From: Warren Munro, HBA, RPP, Commissioner, Development Services Department

Report Number: DS-19-101

Date of Report: May 22, 2019

Date of Meeting: May 27, 2019

Subject: Blue Communities Project

File: F-7000-0078

1.0 Purpose

The purpose of this report is to respond to the Development Services Committee’s March 27, 2017 direction for staff to provide a report on the Council Referral (DS-17-74) concerning on the endorsement of the Blue Communities Project. The report also includes information regarding how banning the sale of bottled water would affect existing contracts and programs (i.e. Healthy Kids Challenge) as well as security at the Tribute Communities Centre. To view a copy of the Blue Communities Project Guide visit: https://canadians.org/sites/default/files/publications/BCPGuide-2016-web.pdf.

Attachment 1 is a copy of correspondence from the Canadian Beverage Association (C.B.A.) dated May 17, 2017 (DS-17-108) expressing concern regarding the possible ban of bottled water at City facilities.

Attachment 2 is a table indicating locations in the City of Oshawa that participate in the Blue W program, including City facilities.

Attachment 3 is a list of City facilities and parks that include water fountains and/or water bottle fill stations.

Attachment 4 is a summary of beverage contract information in City-owned facilities.

2.0 Recommendation

That the Development Services Committee recommend to City Council:

That Report DS-19-101 dated May 22, 2019 concerning the Blue Communities Project be received for information.

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3.0 Executive Summary

Not applicable.

4.0 Input From Other Sources

4.1 Other Departments

The following have been consulted in the preparation of this report:

. City Manager . Finance Services . Legal Services . Facilities Management Services . Community Services . Fire Services . Spectra Venue Management (Tribute Communities Centre) . Oshawa Airport Golf Club . Jubilee Pavilion

4.2 Oshawa Environmental Advisory Committee

The Oshawa Environmental Advisory Committee (O.E.A.C.) assists City Council, staff and the community with respect to the protection, enhancement, restoration, management and appreciation of the natural and built environments. O.E.A.C. activities help to advance the goals of the Oshawa Strategic Plan.

On January 9, 2018, O.E.A.C. considered Staff Report OEAC-18-01 concerning the Blue Communities Project. Report OEAC-18-01 recommended that O.E.A.C. provide comments to staff on the Blue Communities Project.

In response to OEAC-18-01, O.E.A.C. established a Blue Communities working group to review and report on the subject matter.

On March 5, 2019 O.E.A.C. passed the following Motion:

“Whereas at its meeting of January 9, 2018, the Oshawa Environmental Advisory Committee considered Report OEAC-18-01 concerning the Blue Communities Project; and,

Whereas the Oshawa Environmental Advisory Committee created a Blue Communities Working Group to gather additional information prior to submitting input concerning the endorsement of the Blue Communities Project;

Therefore, the Oshawa Environmental Advisory Committee support the City of Oshawa becoming a Blue Community.”

On April 15, 2019, Development Services Committee referred the above motion to staff for consideration when preparing this report.

60 Report to Development Services Committee Item: DS-19-101 Meeting Date: May 27, 2019 Page 3

5.0 Analysis

5.1 Blue Community Program

The Blue Community Project is a joint initiative by the Council of Canadians, the Blue Planet Project and the Canadian Union of Public Employees aimed at protecting and promoting public water resources. The Blue Planet Project notes that there are at least 26 International Blue Communities, and that 23 municipal governments in Canada have become Blue Communities, declaring water as a human right.

The Blue Community Program adopts a water commons framework by treating water as a common good that is shared by everyone and the responsibility of all. The Blue Communities Project prepared a Project Guide to help community activists and local leaders protect the human right to water. The guide states that:

. The privatization of water resources, the bottling of water, and industrial projects are threatening water services and sources;

. The bottled water industry sells water, a shared community resource, for huge profits;

. Greenhouse gases are emitted and watersheds destroyed as a result of producing and transporting bottled water. Bottled water production places significant stress on increasingly scarce water resources; and,

. The adoption of a water commons framework to address pollution, degradation, depletion, and privatization at the community level is crucial in the battle to preserve water and ensure fair access to all.

Furthermore, the project encourages municipalities and Indigenous communities to become a Blue Community by implementing three actions:

1. Recognizing water and sanitation as human rights;

2. Banning or phasing out the sale of bottled water in municipal facilities and at municipal events; and,

3. Promoting publicly financed, owned, and operated water and wastewater services.

5.2 Background

On November 28, 2011, Oshawa City Council considered Item DS-11-381, a report of the Commissioner of Development Services on the use of bottled water at Committee and Council meetings and passed the following resolution:

“That Report DS-11-381, dated November 9, 2011, concerning bottled water, be received for information and referred to the Oshawa Environmental Advisory Committee for comment.”

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On June 25, 2012, Council considered Report DS-12-239 in response to Council’s November 28, 2011 direction and directed staff to discourage rather than ban the use of single serving bottled water at City Hall for the following key reasons:

. Single serving bottled water is a legal commodity that is preferred by many as a “personal choice” for a variety of reasons (e.g. taste, convenience, lack of trust in “piped” water, etc.). . A ban would be difficult and awkward to enforce (e.g. asking “customers” attending at City Hall to dispose of their water bottles, etc.). . Potential contractual issues with bottled water producers and suppliers. . Certain initiatives which educate staff and visitors to City Hall about the benefits, availability and security of tap water and which discourage the use of single serving plastic water bottles are a more appropriate course of action and is respectful of the personal choice issue.

On February 19, 2013 Council considered correspondence Item DS-13-27 from Robyn Hamlyn regarding making the City of Oshawa a Blue Community and passed the following resolution:

“That Correspondence DS-13-27 dated January 13, 2013 from Robyn Hamlyn requesting to address the Development Services Committee regarding how Oshawa can become a “Blue Community” by passing three key resolutions, and her subsequent delegation concerning the matter, be referred to the Oshawa Environmental Advisory Committee.”

On March 5, 2013, the O.E.A.C. considered the City Council Referral on Item DS-13-27 and passed the following resolution:

“That, pursuant to City Council Referral OEAC-13-18 being a direction from City Council from their meeting on February 19, 2013 regarding making Oshawa a ‘Blue Community’, staff be directed to review the ‘Blue Communities’ program to consider all implications of this program to the City of Oshawa and investigate options to reduce reliance on bottled water while promoting the use of tap water by residents of Oshawa.”

On March 25, 2013, Development Services Committee considered the above resolution of O.E.A.C., divided the motion into two parts and only recommended Council endorse Part 1 regarding the direction to review the Blue Communities Program. Development Services Committee did not endorse Part 2 regarding the direction to investigate options to reduce bottled water reliance.

On March 25, 2013 Development Services Committee also received for information the following pieces of correspondence:

. DS-13-63, correspondence from John Zupo, President of Nestle Waters Canada, expressing concern regarding the possible ban of bottled water at City facilities.

62 Report to Development Services Committee Item: DS-19-101 Meeting Date: May 27, 2019 Page 5

. DS-13-69, correspondence from John B. Challinor, Director of Corporate Affairs at Nestle Waters Canada, forwarding the Company’s views and supporting documentation about the Blue Communities Project.

. DS-13-74, correspondence from Jim Goetz, President, Canadian Beverage Association (C.B.A.), expressing concern regarding the possible ban of bottled water at City facilities.

On March 20, 2017 Council referred the following Notice of Motion (DS-17-74) to the Development Services Committee:

“That Council endorse the Blue Communities Project by:

1. Reaffirming and recognizing water as a human right; and, 2. Reaffirming and promoting publicly financed, owned and operated water and waste water services; and, 3. Banning the sale of bottled water in public facilities”

On March 27, 2017, Development Services Committee considered the City Council Referral on Item DS-17-74 and passed the following resolution:

“That City Council Referral DS-17-74 concerning endorsement of the Blue Communities Project be referred to staff for a report; and,

That the report include information regarding how banning the sale of bottled water would affect existing contracts and programs (i.e. Healthy Kids Challenge) as well as security at the Tribute Communities Centre.”

On May 17, 2017, the City received correspondence from the C.B.A. (see Attachment 1) providing information in opposition to banning bottled water (DS-17-108). The correspondence restated the key messages included in DS-13-74 and included staff reports from the City of Hamilton concerning bottled water, which noted that “encouraging people to choose municipal water is best achieved through a social marketing campaign and increasing access to municipal tap water, and not by banning bottled water”.

On May 29, 2017 the Development Services Committee considered DS-17-108 and passed the following resolution:

“That Correspondence DS-17-108 dated May 17, 2017 from the Canadian Beverage Association providing information in opposition to banning bottled water be referred to staff to be considered as part of the future report on Blue Communities.”

5.3 Existing Contracts

A summary of beverage contract information in City-owned facilities is contained in Attachment 4. The following subsections contain additional details concerning the contractual arrangements in place at various City-owned sites.

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5.3.1 Coca Cola Beverage Agreement

On June 10, 2015 the City entered into a Pouring Rights Contract (the “Contract”) with Coca Cola Refreshments Canada Company (C.C.R.C.) to sell beverages in vending machines at various City facilities with the term commencing on July 1, 2015 and continuing until the occurrence of the later of either June 30, 2020, or the purchase and payment by the City of a minimum volume of 29,635 standard physical cases. Not meeting the volume quota allows the machines to continue to operate with no further financial obligation outside of commission until it is met. The City is currently nearing year 4 of the agreement.

The Contract does not specifically indicate which products must be sold in the vending machines or at the concessions. If bottled water was removed from vending machines and concessions identified in the Contract, it could be replaced by another beverage. However, an analysis of the amounts of product sold in vending machines and at concessions during the third quarter of 2018, specifically at Delpark Homes Centre (D.P.H.C.), indicated that the vending machine with water and water-based product (i.e. vitamin water) was the highest seller.

If bottled water is removed from the vending machines and concessions, it would likely result in the increased consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks.

5.3.2 Security at the Tribute Communities Centre

The Tribute Communities Centre (T.C.C.) is owned by the City of Oshawa and managed by Spectra. The facility hosts the Oshawa Generals and the Oshawa Sport Hall of Fame, as well as major concerts and special events.

There are currently four vending machines in the T.C.C. selling assorted bottled pop, juice, Monster Energy drinks and water. These machines operate under the C.C.R.C. contract. There are accessible water fountains on the ground level, which are available for ice rentals and public events. However, during ticketed events guests do not have access to the ground level or to the water fountains.

Concession stand and food service contracts at the T.C.C. are operated in-house by Spectra, which includes the sale of bottled water.

If bottled water is removed from the vending machines and concessions at the T.C.C., it would likely result in the increased consumption of sugar-sweetened and alcoholic drinks, as guests are not permitted to bring their own beverages.

For the safety and security of guests, outside food and beverage of any kind (unless approved through management) is currently prohibited at the T.C.C.

5.3.3 Other Private Contracts

Banning bottled water from City-owned facilities would have significant implications on the private contracts at the Airport Golf Course, the Jubilee Pavilion, the Oshawa Executive

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Airport and the Oshawa Senior Community Centres. A synopsis of the private contracts at these various facilities is provided in the following subsections.

5.3.3.1 The Airport Golf Course and the Jubilee Pavilion

The Oshawa Airport Golf Course located at 1145 Thornton Road North, and the Jubilee Pavilion Banquet and Conference Centre located at 55 Lakeview Park Avenue, are owned by the City of Oshawa. Both locations have private contracts related to food and beverages for concessions and catering events and neither location has water fountains or water bottle fill stations available for guests.

5.3.3.2 The Oshawa Executive Airport

The Oshawa Executive Airport, located at 1200 Airport Boulevard, is owned by the City. The Airport has private contracts for the vending machine and concession (Skyway Café) food and beverage sales, as well as one water fountain.

5.3.3.3 The Oshawa Senior Community Centres (O.S.C.C.)

The O.S.C.C. has two branches located in City owned facilities, namely:

. The Northview Community Centre . The D.P.H.C.

The John Street and Conant Street Branches are owned by the non-profit corporation.

All four locations are under a contract with Pelican Events and Catering, to provide food and beverage service for the Congregate Dining Program. Funding for this program is provided through provincial funding. In addition, all four locations have water fountains and/or water bottle fill stations available for guests.

5.4 City-owned Facilities and Special Events

5.4.1 Fire Stations

Oshawa has six fire station locations across the City, consisting of the following:

. Station 1 – 199 Adelaide Avenue West . Station 2 – 1111 Simcoe Street South . Station 3 – 50 Beatrice Street East . Station 4 – 50 Harmony Road North . Station 5 – 1550 Harmony Road North . Station 6 – 2339 Simcoe Street North

There are no vending machines or water bottle fill stations located at any of the fire stations. However, Fire Services does purchase bottled water to keep at the stations for firefighters returning from their shifts. Bottled water is purchased through the department’s annual operating budget, and is occasionally donated by Firehouse Subs.

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If bottled water is banned from City-owned facilities, it would impact this part of Fire Services’ operations.

5.4.2 Recreation Facilities

The City owns a variety of recreation facilities, where bottled water is sold. If the City were to ban the sale of bottled water at City-owned facilities, it would have the following impacts on Recreation and Culture Services (R.C.S.):

. R.C.S. would need to examine how a bottled water ban would impact ancillary programming (e.g. campers purchase bottled water as part of lunch programs, and not all campers carry their own water bottles);

. R.C.S. would need to consider how the bottled water ban would impact external agencies and stakeholders who operate City facilities, and/or receive City funding to operate (e.g. Oshawa Museums, Robert McLaughlin Gallery, O.S.C.C., etc.); and

. A broader communication plan would be required to inform the public of the purpose of banning bottled water and what is expected of them when they visit a City facility (i.e. bring your own bottle).

5.4.3 Special Events

The City runs two major events (i.e. Canada Day and the Peony Festival), and over ten smaller events (i.e. Bright and Merry Market, Community Clean Up, Oshawa Celebrates, etc.) each year, where bottled water is sold. If the City were to ban the sale of bottled water at special events, it would have the following impacts on R.C.S.:

. R.C.S. would need to investigate the impact of a bottled water ban on existing vendor agreements at events, and subsequently the ability to attract vendors, as the ban may deter some vendors from attending events;

. R.C.S. would need to consider the implications of a bottled water ban on sponsorship and bottled water donations (i.e. Coca-Cola donates 10 cases each to the Peony Festival and Oshawa Celebrates annually);

. R.C.S. would need to consider the broader implications of a bottled water ban beyond City-run events, as well as the impacts on third-party event organizers;

. If the City were to purchase a water buggy as an alternative to bottled water, R.C.S. would require an initial investment of $44,500 for the water buggy, as well as additional operating funding for the storage and staffing that would be required at large and small events (a minimum of $15,000 annually); and

. A broader communication plan would be required to inform the public of the purpose of banning bottled water and what is expected of them when they attend City-run events (i.e. bring your own bottle).

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5.5 Existing Programs

5.5.1 Healthy Kids Community Challenge

In 2015, the City of Oshawa was one of 45 communities in Ontario selected to participate in a four-year program designed to improve the health of children 12 years old and under. Various community partners, including health, education, recreation and the local business community, worked together to implement community-based programs and activities that focus on physical activity and healthy eating.

The first step was to complete a Community Needs Assessment to identify needs, gaps, resources, opportunities and assets to support the challenge. The second step was to deliver local activities focused on one specific theme related to healthy eating or physical activity every nine months for the next three years. The following five themes were identified by the Ministry of Health and Long Term Care:

1. Run. Jump. Play. Everyday. 2. Water Does Wonders 3. Take the Pledge 4. Choose to Boost Veggies and Fruit 5. Power Off and Play

It should be noted that the second theme encourages children to drink water and limit how many sugar-sweetened drinks they consume, and that the removal of bottled water from City-owned facilities and City-run events could result in the increased consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages.

Provincial funding for this program ended in September 2018. However, the messaging related to healthy living with respect to physical activity, healthy eating/drinking and reducing screen time for children is still relevant.

5.5.2 Blue W Program

The Blue W program is a unique community-based initiative dedicated to promoting municipal tap water as a healthy, easily accessible alternative to purchasing bottled drinks. Various facilities in the City (see Attachment 2) have been registered through the Blue W program and are already mapped on the Blue W website. Each mapped location on the website represents a clean, free and public or commercial location where individuals can fill their reusable bottle. Blue W locations can be searched here: http://www.bluew.org.

5.5.3 Blue Dot Movement

On November 9, 2015, through the approval of DS-15-192, the City of Oshawa endorsed the Declaration for the Right to a Healthy Environment to support the David Suzuki’s Blue Dot Movement. The Blue Dot Movement is a movement that is working towards amending the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms to ensure that all Canadian’s have the right to a healthy environment. Getting municipalities to pass declarations that support resident’s rights to a healthy environment such as the right to breathe clean air and the

67 Report to Development Services Committee Item: DS-19-101 Meeting Date: May 27, 2019 Page 10 right to drink clean water is the first step in working towards the ultimate goal of amending the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.

5.6 Other “Blue Communities” in Durham

Ajax became a Blue Community in 2011 and is the only lower-tier municipality in Durham to have done so. They have phased-out the sale of bottled water at all facilities and events, which resulted in the acquisition of mobile water fill stations providing fresh potable water for event locations including Rotary Park, Greenwood Park and Sportsplex Park. Mobile water fill stations that are used by several G.T.A. municipalities cost approximately $44,500 to purchase. Rental options are also available and the cost will vary depending on the event. Ajax also initiated a public education campaign called “Tap into it”, which works to inform the public of the changes.

5.7 Region of Durham

On April 1, 2019, the Region of Durham initiated a process to take the steps necessary to eliminate single use plastics at Regional Headquarters through the following initiatives:

. Bottled water (with the exception of carbonated water) will no longer be sold;

. Take out containers from the deli area and hot table in the cafeteria are fully compostable; and

. Plastic straws have been replaced with compostable paper straws.

However, other bottled beverages (i.e. pop, juice, etc.) continue to be sold at Regional Headquarters at this time.

5.8 Oshawa Staff Comments

5.8.1 Existing Initiatives

Staff note that the City has already taken the following steps to eliminate the use of single- use plastic bottled water at all meetings of Council, Committees and Standing Committees:

. Single-use plastic water bottles are no longer purchased and provided at Council or Committee meetings;

. Water jugs and glasses are now available at all Council and Committee meetings; and

. A fully accessible water fountain is located outside Council Chambers and is equipped with a spout for refilling reusable water bottles.

Additional City initiatives to promote the use of municipal water include:

. Most floors in City Hall now include staff access to a filtered drinking water tap that is designed and sized to facilitate the filling of reusable water bottles and containers.

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. The Sustainable Meeting Guidelines for City Staff is available on iConnect and identifies sustainable options related to food and beverage service (i.e. using water jugs and glasses for staff meetings).

. Water fountains or fillable stations are available at various City facilities.

. Information is available on the City’s website to help educate the public including the Region’s top reasons to choose tap water.

Furthermore, on April 23, 2019 Council endorsed comments contained in CS-19-52, dated April 17, 2019 on the Ministry of Environment, Conservation and Parks’ discussion paper entitled “Reducing Litter and Waste in Our Communities”. CS-19-52 included the following comments related to single-use plastics:

. The province should eliminate single-use items;

. A strategy that initiates a cultural shift to reduce litter is required, including a review of take-out, single-use items and over packaging; and,

. The province should consider fees which would be collected when purchasing take-out or single-use items.

Staff will continue to investigate opportunities to install water fountains and water bottle fill stations at City Facilities as part of any future capital projects and to promote the use of municipal drinking water.

5.8.2 Position on Blue Communities Project

City of Oshawa staff have considered the endorsement of the Blue Communities Project, reviewed the project guidelines and provides the following comments:

. Staff support Action 1 of the Blue Community Program, to recognize water and sanitation as human rights. This is consistent with Council’s endorsement of the David Suzuki Foundation’s Blue Dot Movement.

. Staff also support Action 3 of the Blue Community Program, to promote publically financed, owned and operated water and wastewater services. Council supports this action through the Region of Durham that has jurisdiction over municipal water and sanitary services within urban areas.

. At this time, staff does not support Action 2 of the Blue Community Program to ban or phase out the sale of bottled water in municipal facilities and at municipal events, noting that:

- While the existing contract with C.C.R.C. does not indicate which products must be sold in vending machines or at concessions, water and water-based products (e.g. vitamin water) contained in the vending machines at the D.P.H.C. are the highest sellers.

69 Report to Development Services Committee Item: DS-19-101 Meeting Date: May 27, 2019 Page 12

- According to a 2010 City of Hamilton staff report, there is no evidence that a ban on bottled water will achieve the desired outcomes of reducing reliance on bottled water.

- Bottled water is a legal commodity that is preferred by many as a personal choice for a variety of reasons (e.g. taste, convenience, lack of trust in “piped” water partly due to the use of chemicals, lack of trust in using public fountains for fear of getting sick).

- Banning the sale of bottled water but continuing to sell bottled beverages such as pop, power drinks, etc., that contain water as a main ingredient appears to be conflicting.

- Banning the sale of bottled water may encourage children, etc. to buy sugary drinks (i.e. pop, power drinks, etc.) which are not as healthy. This was the experience in a 2009 Toronto District School Board Study, which temporarily removed bottled water from schools.

- The City provides a choice of bottled water and access to municipal water at a number of City facilities.

- In response to questions from the April 15, 2019 Development Services Committee meeting staff advise that the City has 134 parks.

- Water fountains and/or fill stations are available at Lakeview Park (2), Civic Stadium (3), and Alexandra Park (1). Attachment 3 is a list of City facilities and parks that include water fountains and/or water bottle fill stations.

6.0 Financial Implications

There are no financial implications associated with the Recommendations in this report.

However, there would be a loss in vending revenue if bottled water is banned from City facilities.

7.0 Relationship to the Oshawa Strategic Plan

The recommendation in this Report advances the Accountable Leadership and Social Equity goals of the Oshawa Strategic Plan.

Warren Munro, HBA, RPP, Commissioner, Development Services Department

70 Item: DS-19-101 Attachment 1

DS-17-108

May 17, 2017

Mr. Andrew Brouwer, City Clerk City of Oshawa 5th Floor, Rundle Tower, City Hall 50 Centre Street South Oshawa, ON L1H 3Z7 Email: [email protected]

RE: Report on banning bottled water at city-owned properties

Dear Mr. Brouwer,

I am writing to follow up with your office regarding the recent Corporate Services committee meeting where Councillors asked City staff to look at options for eliminating bottled water in city facilities and from municipal events.

Unfortunately, requests for municipalities to ban bottled water can contain incorrect information regarding the environmental sustainability of PET beverage containers, “plastic water bottles,” which maligns both our industry and our products.

To help correct this misconception, I would like to provide the City of Oshawa with the following information on bottled water and the beverage industry. There is significant misinformation about bottled water in the public domain and we hope the facts and figures below will answer any questions you have about this safe and healthy product.

Plastic water bottles are 100% recyclable and are recycled at high rates across the country:

▪ PET containers are one of the most recyclable consumer packaged product available in the Canadian market place. ▪ Contrary to popular myths and misconceptions, PET water bottles can be repeatedly recycled and re-used to produce new PET bottles in a very energy efficient manner. ▪ Recycled PET is one of the most valuable materials found in the recycling stream. When sold as a commodity, recycled PET generates significant revenue which helps to offset a portion of municipal recycling costs. ▪ Visit https://www.return-it.ca/beverage/ to learn more about the recyclability of PET water bottles in British Columbia.

Bottled water does not compete with tap water:

▪ Research shows that bottled water does not compete against tap water rather it competes with other bottled beverages. For many, bottled water provides portability and convenience. ▪ We support a consumer’s right to choose the beverage that meets their needs and preferences, whether that is tap or bottled water or a combination of both.

20 Bay St WaterPark Place, 11th Floor Toronto ON M5J 2N8 Tel: (416) 362-2424 Fax: (416) 362-3229 www.canadianbeverage.ca 71 City of Oshawa May 17, 2017 Canadian Beverage Association Page 2 of 2

Bottled water is produced in environmentally smart and efficient ways:

▪ According to Environment Canada, our entire industry uses just 2/100th of 1 per cent (0.002%) of all annual water withdrawals in Canada. ▪ The per capita annual consumption of bottled water in Canada equals one 3-minute shower using a standard shower head.1 ▪ It takes:2,3 o 1.3 litres to produce 1 litre of spring water (this includes the water in the bottle) o 35 litres of water to produce a cup of tea o 75 litres of water to produce a glass of beer o 120 litres of water to produce a glass of wine o 140 litres of water to produce a cup of coffee ▪ Our members continue to invest in new science and technology to improve water quality, production efficiencies and water conservation practices.

Bottled water is a convenient, sustainable and healthy hydration choice for Canadians. We do not believe that it should be about one or the other rather we believe that there is a place for both municipal tap water and bottled water.

Moving forward, we welcome future dialogue to discuss the ways our industry can work with the City of Oshawa to increase beverage container recycling. It is our industry’s goal to ensure Canadians are provided the most accurate and up-to-date information on our products in order to make informed beverage choices.

If we can help answer any questions or provide further information on bottled water and our industry, please do not hesitate to contact me or visit our website at www.canadianbeverage.ca. I look forward to hearing back from your office regarding the report writing process and timing.

Sincerely,

Jim Goetz President Canadian Beverage Association [email protected]

1 Environment Canada http://www.ec.gc.ca/eau-water/default.asp?lang=En&n=F25C70EC-1 2Agriculture & Agri-food Canada. “The Canadian Bottled Water Industry.” 25 Mar. 2009. < http://www4.agr.gc.ca/AAFC-AAC/display- affich er.do?id=1171644581795&lang=eng>. 3 http://www.ifad.org/english/water/key.htm 72 The facts are clear

Bottled water does not compete with tap water. 91% of bottled water drinkers consume tap water at home Bottled water is held to the and bottled water on the go.2 The Canadian bottled same high quality standards water industry represents as municipal tap water and is only 0.009% of total water strictly regulated by Health withdrawals in Canada.1 Canada and the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA).3

Recycling PET beverage containers is a crucial component to creating PET bottles are 100% a circular economy and reducing recyclable and can be greenhouse gases. For example, recycled over and over recycling enables the use of again. A reusable water bottle recycled PET (rPET) into new will have to be used an average packaging. This reduces the of 80 times before it has a carbon energy footprint of PET footprint lower than that of a packaging by 70%.6 single use bottle.4

Plastic water bottles are one of the The average recovery rate in most-recycled products in Canada. When Canada for beverage containers recycled, PET is used to make playground is 75%. This high recovery rate supports equipment, automobile parts, carpeting, recycling jobs across the country. fleece clothing, sleeping bags, shoes, luggage, and other plastic containers.5

73 PET

The Canadian beverage industry Based on data from Statistics Canada PET is approved by Health Canada and recognizes and supports increased and Stewardship Ontario, plastic does not contain any chemicals that investment in municipal water and beverage containers account for less leach into the product.7 sewer infrastructure by all levels of than 0.2% of the total wastes disposed government so that each and every in Ontario, and plastic water bottles Canadian citizen has access to a safe account for less than half of that. and secure supply of tap water.

According to Agriculture and Agri Food The beverage industry is an The Canadian bottled water industry is Canada, bottled water does not compete environmental leader in the consumer an efficient user of its water source. It with tap water but only with a variety of packaged goods industry and was takes only 1.3 litres of water to make cold beverages, such as carbonated soft instrumental in establishing Canada’s 1 litre of bottled water.8 drinks and juices.8 first province-wide blue box program in Ontario in 1986. The beverage industry continues to fund and manage innovative recycling programs to increase beverage container recycling across Canada through industry-led efforts such as the Recycle Everywhere program in Manitoba, and Encorp Pacific’s Return It campaign in British Columbia.

1. Withdrawal information from Environment Canada, 2013. Bottled water 5. Stewardship Ontario. 2007. volume from Canadean, Soft Drinks Market Digest 2015. 6. National Association for PET Container Resources (NAPCOR). Life Cycle Inventory Canadian 2. Probe Research Inc. July 2012. of 100% Postconsumer HDPE and PET Recycled Resin. 2010 Beverage 3. Health Canada. Food and Nutrition, Questions and Answers on Bottled Water. 7. Health Canada. Food and Nutrition, Questions and Answers on Bottled Water Association December 15, 2013. December 15, 2013. 4. CIAL Group. Lifecycle Carbon Footprint Analysis of Bottled Water (2008). 8. Agriculture & Agri-food Canada. The Canadian Bottled Water Industry. 25 Mar www.canadianbeverage.ca 2009. 74 CITY OF HAMILTON

COMMUNITY SERVICES DEPARTMENT Recreation Division and PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT Environment & Sustainable Infrastructure Division

TO: Mayor and Council Committee of the Whole WARD(S) AFFECTED: CITY WIDE

COMMITTEE DATE: April 13, 2010

SUBJECT/REPORT NO: Bottled Water (CS10035/PW10035) (City Wide) Committee of the Whole Outstanding Business SUBMITTED BY: PREPARED BY: Joe-Anne Priel General Manager Community Services Department Coralee Secore Gerry Davis, CMA 905-546-2424, Extension 4689 Acting General Manager Public Works Department Dan McKinnon SIGNATURE: 905-546-2424, Extension 5941

RECOMMENDATION (a) That the General Managers of Public Works and Community Services be authorized to implement a strategy which reduces reliance on bottled water at City facilities and events. The strategy entails: (i) A social awareness campaign to educate residents and consumers about the value and safety of municipal drinking water, the environmental implications of non-recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) bottles and the importance of source water and watershed protection; (ii) Continuing to sell bottled water at City Recreation facilities but at the same time increasing access to municipal drinking water wherever possible.

Vision: To be the best place in Canada to raise a child, promote innovation, engage citizens and provide diverse economic opportunities. Values: Honesty, Accountability, Innovation, Leadership, Respect, Excellence, Teamwork 75 SUBJECT: Bottled Water (CS10035/PW10035) (City Wide) - Page 2 of 10

(b) That the item respecting “Correspondence from Refreshments Canada respecting bottled water and support of a broader sustainability program” be lifted from the Outstanding Business List on the Committee of the Whole Agenda.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY On September 24, 2008, Hamilton City Council received correspondence from Justin Sherwood, President of Refreshments Canada regarding bottled water. Refreshments Canada is a national association representing many brands and companies that manufacture and distribute non-alcoholic beverages including several bottled water brands. The correspondence states that bottled water is not intended to replace municipally supplied water but rather offers consumers an additional choice based on preferences, taste and convenience. Council referred the correspondence to the General Managers of Public Works and Community Services for a report to the Public Works Committee and then to the Emergency & Community Services Committee. Since that time, the item was then moved to the Committee of the Whole Outstanding Business list. The City of Hamilton sells bottled water, as well as other food items and beverages, at a number of City-owned facilities. Recently there has been a significant amount of attention on the issue of bottled water and specifically the environmental implications of discarded plastic bottles and the perception of confidence in the municipal drinking water system. As a result, municipalities have responded in a variety of ways, ranging from creating outreach programs to banning the sale of bottled water at City facilities. In response to a number of inquiries from the public and communication from Refreshments Canada, staff prepared recommendations to respond to this issue. Staff at the City of Hamilton recommend an approach which supports the principles underlying the Association of Municipalities of Ontario (AMO) and the FCM resolution, namely reducing reliance on bottled water. At the same time, Hamilton will leverage existing initiatives which demonstrate its ongoing commitment to being environmentally responsible with respect to waste reduction, recycling and watershed protection. The strategy to reduce reliance on bottled water at City facilities and events entails a social awareness campaign, continuing to sell bottled water but at the same time increasing access to municipal drinking water in City Recreation facilities and finally, developing plans for other corporate facilities, locations and events to facilitate access to municipal drinking water. Alternatives for Consideration - See Page 11

FINANCIAL / STAFFING / LEGAL IMPLICATIONS

Financial: Financial costs can be funded within existing Environment & Sustainable Infrastructure outreach budgets. The creation and dissemination of outreach materials by Public Works are projected to be less than $20,000. Where municipal water is available but not easily accessed, capital upgrades may be undertaken to improve access in City of

Vision: To be the best place in Canada to raise a child, promote innovation, engage citizens and provide diverse economic opportunities. Values: Honest, Accountability, Innovation, Leadership, Respect, Excellence, Teamwork

76 SUBJECT: Bottled Water (CS10035/PW10035) (City Wide) - Page 3 of 10

Hamilton facilities. This could include the addition of water fountains/filling stations at an approximate cost of $3,000 per unit installed. A review of indoor facilities to determine requirements will be undertaken and water stations may be added to existing and new capital infrastructure projects over time. Finally, the sale of refillable bottles will be available, where feasible, on a cost recovery basis and with no planned operating budget impact. Staffing: There are no additional staffing implications to implement the recommendations in the report. Existing staff in Public Works will include it as part of their ongoing social marketing initiatives. Similarly, Community Service’s Recreation Division will undertake a review of indoor facilities to determine requirements and as facilities are renovated filling stations will be addressed. Legal: There are no legal implications.

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND The bottled water industry has grown rapidly in Canada. Statistics Canada reports that domestic sales of bottled water, less than 18 litres in size, were in excess of $280 million in 2002 and upwards of $430 million in 2006. At the same time, environmental advocacy groups are concerned with the environmental costs of bottled water. Concerns include watershed protection, creation of waste and the loss of confidence in public water systems. The debate has many stakeholders and has attracted significant attention. As a result, municipalities and agencies have considered a variety of strategies and options to address the bottled water issue. According to the Polaris Institute (an organization engaged in citizen movements for social change), at the present time, 39 municipalities in Ontario have implemented restrictions on the use of bottled water in municipal facilities. The bottled water industry has reacted to the growing trend whereby municipalities have taken action to limit the sale of bottled water and support the use of municipal drinking water by residents and visitors. On September 24, 2008, Hamilton City Council received correspondence from Justin Sherwood, President of Refreshments Canada, regarding bottled water. Refreshments Canada is a national association representing many brands and companies that manufacture and distribute non-alcoholic beverages including several bottled water brands. The letter outlined facts about bottled water in response to various reports and proposals coming before Municipal Councils in Ontario. Sherwood believes that bottled water is not intended to replace municipally supplied water but rather offers consumers an additional choice based on preferences, taste and convenience. Council referred the correspondence to the General Managers of Public Works and Community Services for a report to the Public Works Committee. On April 20, 2009, the item was referred to the Committee of the Whole Outstanding Business List (item L). See Appendix A for a copy of the correspondence from Justin Sherwood.

77 SUBJECT: Bottled Water (CS10035/PW10035) (City Wide) - Page 4 of 10

On February 3, 2009, the Association of Municipalities Ontario (AMO) released a memo to members reinforcing its long standing position of promoting municipal drinking water. AMO encouraged members to contact the 13 Ontario municipalities who have taken action to limit the use of bottled water in municipal facilities and support the use of municipal drinking water by residents and visitors. See Appendix B for a copy of the AMO release. On March 7, 2009, the Federation of Canadian Municipalities (FCM), which is Canada’s national municipal organization, issued a resolution urging “all municipalities to phase out the sale and purchase of bottled water at their own facilities where appropriate, and where potable water is available and that municipalities be urged to develop awareness campaigns about the positive benefits and quality of municipal water supplies”. See Appendix C for a copy of the FCM release. On March 12, 2009, Hamilton City Council received correspondence from the Polaris Institute regarding alternatives to bottled water. The correspondence encouraged the City to support public water by actively encouraging the consumption of drinking water over bottled water. Council referred the item to Public Works, in conjunction with the related and previous outstanding business item. On April 20, 2009, the item respecting bottled water was transferred from the Public Works Committee to the Committee of the Whole outstanding business list. Staff from Public Works and Community Services, Recreation Division have met to review the correspondence and started to research the positions taken by other Ontario municipalities concerning the sale and purchase of bottled water. Further investigation was required to weigh all the options at hand.

POLICY IMPLICATIONS Corporate Strategic Plan Waste reduction and recycling programs increase waste diversion in pursuing our target of 65% diversion in Performance Measure 6.5 of Focus Area 6 Environmental Stewardship. Solid Waste Management Master Plan (SWMMP) The following policy of the Solid Waste Management Master Plan (SWMMP) is affected by the social marketing approach proposed for plastic water bottles: Recommendation #2 - “The Glanbrook landfill is a valuable resource, and the City of Hamilton must optimize the use of its disposal capacity to ensure that there is a disposal site for Hamilton’s residual materials that cannot be otherwise diverted.” Improved awareness and better management of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles can contribute to waste reduction, recycling and a reduction in the amount of waste sent to landfill.

78 SUBJECT: Bottled Water (CS10035/PW10035) (City Wide) - Page 5 of 10

RELEVANT CONSULTATION Public Works Department, Environment and Sustainable Infrastructure Division Public Works Department, Operations and Waste Management Division Public Health Services, Healthy Living Division Community Services, Culture Division

ANALYSIS / RATIONALE FOR RECOMMENDATION The AMO correspondence and the FCM resolution, which was put forward by the cities of Toronto and London (Ontario), brought attention to the environmental impact related to the production of bottled water. While the resolution does not call for a ban on the sale of bottled water to consumers, it does emphasize that “all orders of government must work together to reduce reliance on a product which produces more waste, costs more and uses more energy than simple, dependable municipal drinking water”. Other Community Approaches It is undeniable that many municipalities have rallied around the issues raised by the FCM. According to the Polaris Institute, at the present time, 39 municipalities in Ontario have implemented restrictions on the use of bottled water in municipal facilities. The approaches have varied, ranging from creating outreach programs to banning the sale of bottled water at City facilities. Banning bottled water is intended to reduce the amount of waste and litter created by discarded plastic (PET) single-use water bottles. The approach is coupled with encouraging consumers to use the municipal water supply, thereby reducing the amount of water being bottled and transported outside the watershed from which it came. Cities that have implemented bans have since faced a few challenges. For example, in Toronto, where a ban took effective immediately, implementing the ban has been problematic. Contracts with concession and drink machine vendors were not reviewed before the decision to ban was made. Similarly, the cost of making municipal drinking water available at all City of Toronto locations and event sites was not considered. Other municipalities have chosen to phase in a ban by reducing the sale and use of bottled water wherever possible (i.e.: where an accessible municipal water source exists). For example, the Town of Ajax is phasing out the sale of bottled water at Town owned facilities and events as existing vending and concession agreements expire. Ajax will also increase access to municipal drinking water through the installation of water fountains. Since the Cities of Toronto and London (Ontario) banned bottled water, companies have introduced flavoured water products to replace plain bottled water. The new category of beverage circumvents a ban and as a result, perpetuates the issues associated with bottled water sales.

79 SUBJECT: Bottled Water (CS10035/PW10035) (City Wide) - Page 6 of 10

The experiences of our municipal neighbours give the City of Hamilton insight into the many and complex issues at hand. More importantly, the City of Hamilton acknowledges the philosophical merit of reducing reliance on bottled water. The City of Hamilton’s Approach Staff at the City of Hamilton recommend a strategic approach which supports the principles underlying the FCM resolution, namely reducing reliance on bottled water. At the same time, Hamilton will leverage existing initiatives which demonstrate its ongoing commitment to being environmentally responsible with respect to waste reduction and watershed protection. The strategy to reduce reliance on bottled water at City facilities and events entails a social marketing campaign, continuing to sell bottled water but at the same increasing access to municipal drinking water in recreation facilities and finally, developing plans for other corporate facilities, locations and events to facilitate access to municipal drinking water. Social Marketing Campaign The City’s social marketing campaign will educate residents and consumers about the value and safety of municipal drinking water, the environmental implications of non- recyclable bottles and the importance of source water and watershed protection. Existing staff in the City’s Public Works Department work with a number of agencies to create awareness about waste and litter reduction, recycling, water conservation and the value of municipal water. Partnerships with agencies such as Green Venture, the school boards, and community organizations continue to be effective ways for the City to advocate for environmental responsibility in this regard. Public Works conducts outreach to the community with the goal of environmental stewardship as it relates to waste reduction and water conservation. Due to the FCM resolution regarding bottled water, it is recommended that the Public Works Department through its outreach and promotional programs include messaging about waste and litter reduction, use of refillable water bottles and use of municipal drinking water. In keeping with the FCM resolution, the awareness campaigns should also promote the positive benefits and quality of municipal water sources. Although the general perception of municipal water has improved in recent years there is still merit to increasing awareness about its safety, reliability and value. Ontario has the highest standards in the world related to drinking water. Strict monitoring, sampling, and testing procedures and regulations, have created an extremely safe and reliable system. Locally, Hamilton enjoys the benefit of high quality raw water sources and filtration systems that produce water well in excess of the standard. Hamilton consistently provides water to its citizens that is affordable, reliable, and safe. Through increased social marketing, the City would be promoting a reliable alternative to bottled water.

Vision:e To be th best place in Canada to raise a child, promote innovation, engage citizens and provide diverse economic opportunities. Values: Honest, Accountability, Innovation, Leadership, Respect, Excellence, Teamwork

80 SUBJECT: Bottled Water (CS10035/PW10035) (City Wide) - Page 7 of 10

Continuing to Sell Bottled Water The FCM resolution does not call for ban on the sale of bottled water to consumers but it does urge municipalities to phase out the sale and purchase of bottled water at their own facilities where appropriate, and where potable water is available. There is no evidence that a ban on bottled water will achieve the desired outcomes of reducing reliance on bottled water, namely reducing waste and litter, adversely affecting watersheds and encouraging people to choose municipal water. Other bottled beverages exist and we do not know if a ban will influence consumers to switch from single-use bottled water to municipal drinking water. Some consumers may switch to municipal drinking water, while others may purchase a less healthy beverage in a single-use container, which still creates waste and litter and may adversely affecting the water shed (e.g.: water may still be exported outside its watershed by use for beverage companies). Therefore a ban on bottled water may inadvertently have negative health and environmental consequences. Encouraging people to choose municipal water is best achieved through a social marketing campaign and increasing access to municipal tap water, and not by banning bottled water. Increasing Access to Municipal Drinking Water at City Facilities The City of Hamilton sells bottled water, as well as other food items and beverages, at a number of City-owned facilities. Most bottled water sales occur within the City’s Recreation division facilities. As a result, staff recommend starting the initiative first within the Recreation facilities and then conduct a review of other Corporate facilities, locations and events. Ensuring that municipal drinking water is an easily accessed alternative to bottled water at all possible Recreation facilities entails:

o Installing water fountains and/or water filling stations at new and existing facilities as needed as part of renovation projects;

o Selling refillable water bottles at facilities, concession stands and vending machines and encouraging people to reuse or bring their own water bottles. Next, staff recommends that the City review other corporate facilities, locations and events which need to implement plans to facilitate access to municipal drinking water. In order to implement the strategy, the Public Works Department, in consultation with other departments will set the scope, which may include civic centres, office or yard locations. Council, committee, public and staff meetings will also be considered as part of the strategy to reduce the reliance on bottled water. Additional approaches may be warranted such as promoting the use of mobile water tankers at City events. Hamilton’s Ongoing Commitment to Environmental Responsibility Instead of an outright ban on bottled water, the City of Hamilton will continue with its existing initiatives which demonstrate its long-standing commitment to environmental responsibility, relating to waste reduction and watershed protection.

81 SUBJECT: Bottled Water (CS10035/PW10035) (City Wide) - Page 8 of 10

The descriptions below along with the social marketing initiatives explained above illustrate the extent to which existing initiatives are being leveraged within the context of the bottled water issue. More importantly, the work looks beyond bottled water and has a greater impact than simply banning bottled water. Waste and Litter Reduction Although PET bottles are recyclable, large quantities make their way into our landfill at Glanbrook and the environment. Banning bottled water may not persuade users to switch to municipal drinking water in reusable containers. Consumers may only switch from bottled water to another beverage in a single-use container which will continue to burden landfills or create litter. A better solution is to continue with the Operations & Waste Management Division’s initiative of advocating for a more comprehensive approach to litter reduction. Recent discussion papers from the federal and provincial governments are moving toward the implementation of Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) regulations relative to a zero waste future. EPR proposed under the Waste Diversion Act, if implemented, could reduce the amount of PET bottles and other recyclables being produced through the implementation of producer responsibilities that may include deposit/return systems. The City has actively, although conditionally supported the efforts around the EPR regulations which have the potential to reduce PET bottles being recycled or landfilled. Since 2007 the Operations & Waste Management Division has submitted five reports that promoted EPR and has sent these reports to the Ministry of the Environment, Association of Municipalities of Ontario, Regional Public Works Commissioners of Ontario, industry associations, and members of parliament. These reports, starting with the most recent, are: • PW10007 - From Waste to Worth: The Role of Waste Diversion in the Green Economy, A Minister’s Report on the Review of Ontario’s Waste Diversion Act, 2002 (Jan. 18/10) • PW08146 - Toward a Zero Waste Future: Review of Ontario's Waste Diversion Act, 2002 - Discussion Paper for Public Consultation, October 2008, Ministry of the Environment (Dec. 1/08) • PW08044 - Association of Municipalities of Ontario (AMO) and Association of Municipal Recycling Coordinators (AMRC) Discussion Paper For An Alternative Approach to Ontario's Blue Box Funding Model (Feb. 08) • PW07088/LS07009 - Association of Municipalities of Ontario (AMO) and Association of Municipal Recycling Coordinators (AMRC) Discussion Paper on the Five (5) Year Review of the Waste Diversion Act, 2002 (Apr. 07) • PW07042 - AMO/AMRC Discussion Paper on Strengthening Extended Producer Responsibilities for Ontario's Blue Box (Feb. 07) Watershed Protection The primary concern raised with respect to watersheds is the use of water from watershed resources by water bottling companies for export outside of the watershed.

82 SUBJECT: Bottled Water (CS10035/PW10035) (City Wide) - Page 9 of 10

Water is also exported for use in other industries including beverage, food products, cosmetics, and cleaners. In consideration of the global economy and the reality that everyday virtual water export from watersheds is widely accepted, staff is of the opinion that this issue would not change significantly by a municipal bottled water ban. It is now more widely recognized that large scale groundwater withdrawals may have significant and detrimental effects on watersheds. The permitting of new and/or increased withdrawals from watersheds may be occurring in the absence of a complete understanding of the consequences. The City of Hamilton's Environment & Sustainable Infrastructure Division has membership on a number of committees devoted to source water protection. Under the Clean Water Act of 2006, local Conservation Authorities were given lead responsibility as Source Protection Authorities for establishing integrated watershed management committees. Hamilton monitors or participates on three of these committees. As a result, Hamilton participates in developing source water protection plans and criteria for the future regulation governing source water (ground and surface) withdrawals and watershed exports. It is expected that these committees will have significant influence with the creation of watershed protection and management legislation. The source water protection committees that will develop source protection plans for the Hamilton area are expected to complete their plan by 2012. When these plans are complete, the City will need to move quickly to establish local bylaws and zoning to be incorporated into the City’s official plan so it can regulate water withdrawals and protect local watersheds. It is believed that locally developed plans and regulations will be more effective at protecting the watershed and helping the recovery of areas already experiencing water stress. In 2008, the Provincial government moved, under Ontario Regulation 450/07, to impose a charge on water withdrawals of $3.71 per million litres to be implemented in 2009. These charges are also imposed on property owners who draw water from municipal water systems and meet the criteria of the regulation with respect to daily consumption and use. In the case of ground water withdrawals, it is widely believed that the Province should increase these charges to more accurately reflect the value of these water resources to the surrounding communities and the watershed.

ALTERNATIVES FOR CONSIDERATION The City could implement a ban on the sale of single-use bottled water at municipally- owned facilities where easy access to municipal water exists. However, this option has not been overly successful in the peer review with other municipalities. There is little evidence that it would be effective at reducing waste and litter or increasing the use of the municipal water system. In addition, it may result in less healthy choices for consumers.

83 SUBJECT: Bottled Water (CS10035/PW10035) (City Wide) - Page 10 of 10

CORPORATE STRATEGIC PLAN

Focus Areas: 1. Skilled, Innovative and Respectful Organization, 2. Financial Sustainability, 3. Intergovernmental Relationships, 4. Growing Our Economy, 5. Social Development, 6. Environmental Stewardship, 7. Healthy Community

1. Skilled, Innovative & Respectful Organization  A culture of excellence  More innovation, greater teamwork, better client focus  Council and SMT are recognized for their leadership and integrity 2. Financial Sustainability  Financially Sustainable City by 2020  Effective and sustainable Growth Management  Delivery of municipal services and management capital assets/liabilities in a sustainable, innovative and cost effective manner  Address infrastructure deficiencies and unfunded liabilities 3. Effective Inter-governmental Relations  Influence federal and provincial policy development to benefit Hamilton  Maintain effective relationships with public agencies 4. Growing Our Economy  Competitive business environment  An improved customer service  A visitor and convention destination 5. Social Development  Residents in need have access to adequate support services.  People participate in all aspects of community life without barriers or stigma 6. Environmental Stewardship  Natural resources are protected and enhanced  Reduced impact of City activities on the environment  Remove Hamilton Harbour from Great Lakes area of concern list by 2015  Reduce the impact of Hamilton’s industrial, commercial Private and Public operations on the environment  Aspiring to the highest environmental standards 7. Healthy Community  Plan and manage the built environment  An engaged Citizenry  Adequate access to food, water, shelter and income, safety, work, recreation and support for all (Human Services)

APPENDICES / SCHEDULES Appendix A: Correspondence from Justin Sherwood Appendix B: AMO Release Appendix C: FCM Release

City of Hamilton City Clerk's Office, Corporate Services City Centre, 77 James street North Physlcal Address: 77 James St N., Suite 220 Hamilton, Ontario, Phone: GOS.546-4408 Fax: 905.546-2095 Canada LBR 2K3 Email: dei1<[email protected] www.hamilton.ca Hamilton

September 26, 2008

Mr. Justin Sherwood, President Refreshments Canada 885 Don Mills Road, Suite 301 Toronto, ON M3C 1V9

Dear Mr. Sherwood: .

Re: Bottled Water

Council, at its meeting held September 24, 2008, considered your letter dated August 28, 2008, respecting the above matter.

Please be advised that Council has received this correspondence and referred it to the General Managers of Public Works and Community Services for a report to the Public Works Committee.

Should you wish further details regarding the Public Works meeting, please contact Mrs. Carolyn Biggs at 905-546-2424, ext 2604 or [email protected].

Yours truly,

:sr

File: 08-020

c.c. Scott Stewart, General Manager, Public Works Joe-Anne Priel, General Manager, Community Services Carolyn Biggs, Legislative Assistant, Public Works Committee Stephanie Paparella, Legislative Assistant, Emergency and Community Services Committee

85 CS10035/PW10035 - Appendix "A" - Page 2 of 6

,SEP - 3 2008 5. 13 1 August 28 h, 2008

Re: Bottled Water

Dear Mayor and Councillors:

Refreshments Canada is the national association representing the broad spectrum of brands and companies that manufacture and distribute the majority of non-alcoholic refreshment beverages consumed in Canada, including several bottled water brands.

In the last few months a great deal of misleading and inaccurate information regarding bottled water has been circulated by a number of parties. Unfortunately some of this misinformation appears to be getting captured in various reports and proposals coming before Councils such as yours.

Refreshments Canada wants to ensure that you have the facts before you, should this issue arise in your community.

To that end, Refreshments Canada is pleased to provide you with a copy of our new information brochure regarding bottled water. It provides the facts around bottled water usage, beverage safety, packaging and energy use. The brochure also addresses some of the myths being circulated about bottled water, and provides you with some key statistics.

Above all, we wish to highlight that bottled water provides consumers with a healthy, safe, convenient, portable and refreshing beverage option. Bottled water is not intended as a replacement to municipally supplied water, but rather it is simply about offering consumers an additional choice based on preferences, taste and convenience.

All consumer products and packaging have environmental implications (from energy used to produce and transport the products, to the end-of-life recycling or disposal of the product and/or packaging). As you know, the issue of sustainability is complex. In looking to encourage the citizens and businesses of Hamilton in more sustainable practices, we would suggest that the City focus on broader strategies surrounding conservation and recycling, and not unjustly target a single product category.

Refreshments Canada would welcome the opportunity to have further discussions with you, your Council and/or your municipal staff regarding bottled water and how we can support a broader sustainability program. Please feel free to contact me at my email address listed below.

Sincerely,

Justin Sherwood President Refreshments Canada Email: [email protected]

JS/avh: 2008/08/28 Water bottled mailer RC1tr2D080828 Hamilton Council.doc

885 Don Mills Rd Suite 301 Toronto ON M3C 1V9 Tel: (416) 362-2424 Fax: (416) 362-3229 www.refreshments.ca 86 87 88 89 90 91 CS10035/PW10035 Appendix "C"

FCM RESOLUTION - NATIONAL BOARD OF DIRECTORS MEETING - MARCH 7, 2009

ENV09.1.02 BOTTLED WATER

WHEREAS bottled water consumes significant amounts of non-renewable fossil fuels to extract, package and transport water creating unnecessary air quality and climate change impacts;

WHEREAS it takes about three litres of water to manufacture a one litre plastic bottle of water;

WHEREAS bottled water companies use municipal water and groundwater sou,rces when a growing percentage of Canadian municipalities have faced water shortages in recent years;

WHEREAS although bottled water creates a container that can be recycled, between 40% and 80% of empty bottles end up as litter and/or are placed directly into the garbage and take up unnecessary space in landfills;

WHEREAS tap water is safe, healthy, highly regulated and accessible to residents, employers, employees and visitors to Canadian municipalities and substantially more sustainable than bottled water; and

WHEREAS some municipalities have enacted by-laws to restrict the sale and purchase of water bottles within their own operations;

BE IT RESOLVED that the Federation of Canadian Municipalities urge all municipalities to phase out the sale and purchase of bottled water at their own facilities where appropriate and where potable water is available; and

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that municipalities be urged to develop awareness campaigns about the positive benefits and quality of municipal water supplies.

92 CITY OF PORT ALBERNI

PARKS AND RECREATION DEPARTMENT REPORT

TO: Ken Watson, City Manager l concur, forward to nelrt Regular Council Meeting FROM: Scott Kenny, Director of Parks and Recreation for Consideration:

4 COPIES TO: Ron Doetzel, Manager of Recreation Services ,.:' 'LZtkS- Ken Watson. City Manager DATE: August 25, 2011

SUBJECT: Bottled Water Use

At the regular meeting of Council held on August 22, 2011, Councilor Mcleman requested a report on the impact if banning the sale of bottled water in City facilities and distribution at special events.

Background:

The City currently sells bottled water in the concessions and vending machines at the Alberni Valley Multiplex and Glenwood Centre as well as vending machines in Echo Centre. The respective volumes are as follows:

FACILITY CONCESSION VENDING MACHINES TOTAL NET REVENUE AV Multiplex (2010) $1779.75 $2364.75 $4144.50 Glenwood Centre (2010) $350.00 n/a $350.00 Echo Centre _{2010) n/a $1665.00 $1665.00 $6159.50

The number of drinking fountains in City Parks and Facilities was reduced several years ago as part of our service cuts and budget reductions. Our current inventory is as follows:

FACILITY INSIDE OUTSIDE AV Multiplex Yes, one in front lobby No Glenwood Centre Echo Park Fieldhouse Yes, beside concession window Echo Centre Yes, beside main lobby washrooms No Aquatic Centre Yes, in pool area No Gyro Centre No, removed -cost reductions Harbour Quay By washrooms (out of order) Bob Dailey Stadium Yes, by flagpoles Rogers Creek Park Yes, by spray park Russell Park No, removed -cost reductions Weaver Park No, removed -cost reductions

REGULAR COUNCIL AGENDA ~SEPTEMBER 12, 2011 228

280 93 [Dept. Name] Department Page2. Date Report to Council

River Road Park No, removed -cost reductions Sweeney Field No. removed -cost reductions 11th Ave Park No, removed -cost reductions Glenwood Small Park No, removed -cost reductions Kiwanis Park I No, removed -cost reductions Stirling Field I No, removed -cost reductions Williamson Park No, removed -cost reductions

Discussion:

Total bottled water sales for 201 0 averaged approximately $6159, which translates into annual sales through our concessions and vending machines of 3080 units.

While we understand the issue behind banning the sales of bottled water, it seems a bit odd that We would be moving towards banning the healthiest beverage choice available in our facilities. Having water fountains available in the same facilities is not a satisfactory alternative in our view. We · should also mention that in our experience at the facility, we have found that many adults will not use drinking fountains and often discourage their kids from doing the same. If this motion were to be supported, we would continue to stock anQ sell all of our other beverage choices, many of which are in plastic bottles and not the healthiest one, water!

Recommendation

The fotlowing resolution is proposed:

1. That Council for the City ofPort Albemi not support the proposal to ban the sale of bottled water in City facilities or at City functions. 2. That Council for the City of Port Albern! encourage the public use ofCity water from drinking fountains and direct the Parks and Recreation Department to include costs for restoration and maintenance ofpublic drinking fountains in City Parks during the 2012 budget presentations.

Respectfully·submitted,

Scott Kenny Director of Parks and Recreation

l:\Echo Activity Centre\Data\Scott Kenny\Facilities\General Facility lnfo\Bottled Water Report 2012.docx

REGULAR COUNCIL AGENDA- SEPTEMBER 127 2011 229

281 94 We're losing our freedom bit by bit with bans Page 1 of2

We're losing our freedom bit by bit with bans

BY MAUREEN BADER, THE PROVINCE '! ,, UF .. ,''

These days, Wf!. ~re bgmbardec! with qemrt~rs of the.n.

A well-intentioned public risks being buried under the ban demands ofthe ban-crazy worrying class. Its list of bans reads !ike somebody's day out at the mall. Bottled water and incandescent light bulb bans litter the province. Plastic bags may soon be banned across Canada. Greater Victoria has just voted to ban teens from tanning beds. Ban the tan? When no Intrusion is too small for government to consider, it's a sign the nanny state has run amok.

Bans might seem like a good idea on the surtace, but have unintended consequences that sometimes create even bigger problems than the ones they were supposed to solve. For example, although the City of Vancouver voted to phase out the sale of bottled water, the cash-strapped Vancouver Parks Board has refused to stop selling bottled water at park facilities because It would lose $250,000 in revenue on bottled water sales.

The green social engineers in the provincial government have banned incandescent light bulbs and want everyone to replace them with compact fluorescent bulbs. Compact fluorescents contain mercury, and mercury is dangerous to human health. In fact, the U.S. E!nvironmental Protection Agency warns if a fluorescent bulb breaks, leave the room immediately and air out the room for 10-15 minutes. Then go back into the room and put all the broken fragments into a sealed container. Put the container in the trash outside and continue airing out the room for several hours. People worried about mercury poisoning, not to mention skyrocketing home heating costs, might want to consider stocking up on incandescent bulbs.

Plastic bags are another everyday 'item subject to the attention of the worrying class, but their replacement appears to have problems as well. Many people have voluntarily chosen to replace plastic bags with reusable cloth bags. Seems well intentioned. However it should come as no surprise by now that the law of untended consequences comes into play here too. Turns out reusable bags fill up not only with groceries. but with bacteria as well. Worse yet, some contain lead and, in what has to be a moment oftrue irony, threaten to fill landfills. Go figure.

So while bans are great tools for politicians to get lots of positive media attention while appearing to be doing something tough on some issue, they som~times create new problems.

http://wv.w.theprovince.com/story_print.html?id=4116405&sponsor= 1/17/2011 282 95 We're losing our freedom bit by bit with bans Page 2 of2

Worse yet, as we leave more and more decisions in the hands of the nanny statists, Wfi are, bit by bit, chipping away at our freedom of choice. It's time to stop asking government to solve every problem by banning everything undesirable in products and other people.

Bans might seem like a good idea, but once government's role stretches beyond keeping us safe from violations and invasions by other people and other nations, we are in danger of losing our ability to make even the simplest choices about how to lead our own lives.

Maureen Bader is a Vancouver writer.

http://:wvv-w.theprovince.com/story_prinLhtml?id=4116405&sponsor= l/17/2011 28396 Item: DS-19-101 Attachment 2

Blue W Locations in Oshawa

Name Address Description Oshawa City Hall 50 Centre Street South Chilled Fountain Delpark Homes Centre 1661 Harmony Road Chilled Fountain – 5 water North fountains throughout the facility and 2 bottle filling stations in north end bathrooms Civic Recreation 99 Thornton Road Chilled Fountain – 1 bottle filling Complex South station in fieldhouse and 3 other fountains throughout the facility Donevan Recreation 171 Harmony Road Chilled Fountain Complex South Northview Community 150 Beatrice Street Room Temperature Fountain Centre East Oshawa Public Library – 65 Bagot Street Chilled Fountain McLaughlin Branch Oshawa Public Library – 1661 Harmony Road Chilled Fountain Delpark Homes Centre North Branch Oshawa Public Library – 250 Beatrice Street Chilled Fountain Northview East Oshawa Public Library – 199 Wentworth Street Chilled Fountain Jess Hann Branch West The Library at Ontech 50 Founders Drive Chilled Fountain Trent in Oshawa 55 Thornton Road Chilled Tap Water Student Association South Lakeridge Health Library 1 Hospital Court Chilled Fountain Durham YMCA 99 Mary Street North Room Temperature Fountain Walmart 1471 Harmony Road Room Temperature Tap Water North Walmart 680 Laval Drive Room Temperature Tap Water

97 Item: DS-19-101 Attachment 3

City Parks and Facilities with Water Fountains and/or Water Bottle Fill Stations

Number of Water Fountains Location and/or Fill Stations Alexandra Park 1 Arts Resource Centre 1 Eastview Boys and Girls Club 1 Children’s Arena 1 Civic Recreation Complex 3 Consolidated Operations Depot 1 Delpark Homes Centre 7 Donevan Recreation Complex 1 Harman Park Arena 1 Lakeview Park 2 Northview Community Centre 1 Oshawa City Hall 1 Oshawa Executive Airport 1 Oshawa Public Library – Delpark Homes Centre 1 Oshawa Public Library – McLaughlin 1 Robert McLaughlin Gallery 1 Total 24

98 Item: DS-19-101 Attachment 4

Beverage Contract Information in City-owned Facilities

Products sold in Vending Concession Filling vending Machines Services Stations/ Location Contract machines & selling selling Water concessions beverages beverages Fountains Airport Golf Bottled water, Private N/A Yes No Course juice, iced tea, etc. Water, Vitamin Coca-Cola Water, Sports Childrens Refreshments Drinks, Protein Yes N/A Yes Arena Canada Based Milk, and Soft drinks Water, Vitamin Coca-Cola Water, Sports City Hall Refreshments Drinks, Protein Yes N/A Yes Canada Based Milk, and Soft drinks Water, Vitamin Civic Coca-Cola Water, Sports Recreation Refreshments Drinks, Protein Yes N/A Yes Complex Canada Based Milk, and Soft drinks Assorted Pop, Consolidated Coca-Cola Assorted Juice, Operations Refreshments Assorted Monster Yes N/A Yes Depot Canada Energy Drink, Assorted Water Water, Vitamin Coca-Cola Water, Sports Refreshments Drinks, Protein Yes N/A Canada Based Milk, and Soft drinks Bottled water, pop, sports drinks, juice, Delpark Cashew and iced tea, vitamin N/A Yes Yes Homes Clive water, Icee (slushy beverage), milk products Coffee, hot Pelican chocolate, tea, soft Catering drinks, bottled N/A Yes (for O.S.C.C.) water, iced tea V-8 juice and small milk

99 Products sold in Vending Concession Filling vending Machines Services Stations/ Location Contract machines & selling selling Water concessions beverages beverages Fountains Water, Vitamin Coca-Cola Water, Sports Refreshments Drinks, Protein Yes N/A Canada Based Milk, and Donevan Soft drinks Recreation Bottled water, pop, Yes Complex sports drinks, juice, Cashew and iced tea, vitamin N/A Yes Clive water, Icee (slushy beverage), milk products Water, Vitamin Coca-Cola Water, Sports Refreshments Drinks, Protein Yes N/A Canada Based Milk, and Soft drinks Harman Park Yes Arena Bottled water, pop, sports drinks, juice, Cashew and iced tea, vitamin N/A Yes Clive water, Icee (slushy beverage), milk products Pepsi products, Jubilee bottled water, Private N/A Yes No Pavilion gingerale, lemonaid, iced tea Water, Vitamin Coca-Cola Water, Sports Refreshments Drinks, Protein Yes N/A Yes Canada Based Milk, and Northview Soft drinks Community Centre Coffee, hot Pelican chocolate, tea, soft Catering drinks, bottled N/A Yes Yes (for O.S.C.C.) water, iced tea V-8 juice and small milk Bottled water and Private Yes N/A Oshawa pop Executive Private Yes Bottled water, pop, Airport (Skyway N/A Yes juice and coffee Café)

100 Products sold in Vending Concession Filling vending Machines Services Stations/ Location Contract machines & selling selling Water concessions beverages beverages Fountains Water, Vitamin South Coca-Cola Water, Sports Oshawa Refreshments Drinks, Protein Yes N/A Yes Community Canada Based Milk, and Centre Soft drinks Assorted Pop, Coca-Cola Assorted Juice, Refreshments Assorted Monster Yes N/A Tribute Canada Energy Drink, Community (vending) Centre Assorted Water Yes (manage Assorted Pop, their own Assorted Juice, Private service) Assorted Monster N/A Yes (concession) Energy Drink, Assorted Water

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