DOCSLIB.ORG

Renal Tubular Dysgenesis with Calvarial Hypoplasia

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Renal Tubular Dysgenesis with Calvarial Hypoplasia 8464 JMed Genet 1997;34:846-848 Renal tubular dysgenesis with calvarial hypoplasia: report of two additional cases and review J Med Genet: first published as 10.1136/jmg.34.10.846 on 1 October 1997. Downloaded from Deborah E McFadden, J Tapio Pantzar, Margot I Van Allen, Sylvie Langlois Abstract gestational age (GA) was normal. At 32 weeks' We report two cases of renal tubular GA, the woman presented with vaginal bleed- dysgenesis (RTD) with calvarial hypopla- ing and mild abdominal pain. Ultrasound sia and review the originally reported examination showed severe oligohydramnios cases of RTD that came from our institu- with large, echogenic fetal kidneys. Spontane- tion and published reports regarding the ous breech delivery occurred shortly thereafter. association of RTD and skull abnormali- The infant had severe respiratory failure and ties. Although previously reported in profound hypotonia. The fontanelles were association with RTD, calvarial hypopla- noted to be abnormally large. The diagnosis of sia is probably under-recognised. The Zellweger syndrome was considered. cases reported here support the idea that The child died five hours after birth and the skull abnormalities observed in the necropsy was performed. Examination showed inherited form ofrenal tubular dysgenesis an infant with growth parameters at the 75th to are a common component of the disorder, 90th centile for 32 weeks' gestation and head as they are in the acquired form of RTD circumference at the 25th to 50th centile. associated with maternal use of ACE Although measurements were not recorded, inhibitors. Renewed attention to this clini- the fontanelles were noted to be abnormally cal manifestation of RTD may be impor- large with the anterior fontanelle extending tant in suggesting the diagnosis before into the middle of the forehead and the poste- death, providing more complete infor- rior fontanelle extending to just above the mation to parents and physicians facing occipital bone; the sagittal suture was ex- inportant management decisions and en- tremely wide. Grossly, the kidneys were large suring appropriate pathological examin- with a combined weight of 28.6 g versus an ation postmortem. expected combined weight of 14.5 + 4.8 g and (JMed Genet 1997;34:846-848) were somewhat spongy in appearance. Histo- logically, the kidneys showed diffuse glomeru- Keywords: renal tubular dysgenesis; calvarial hypopla- locystic change and renal tubular dysgenesis sia; enlarged fontanelles characterised by absence of the proximal http://jmg.bmj.com/ tubules as seen on routine microscopy and Renal tubular dysgenesis (RTD), first de- staining with PAS (present in the brush borders scribed in a pair ofsibs in 1983, is an autosomal of proximal tubules) and epithelial membrane recessive condition characterised by hypoplasia antigen (present within distal tubules). There of the proximal tubules of the kidney, which was pulmonary hypoplasia as determined by volume measurement. may present with late onset oligohydramnios. l 2 Sedimentable catalase Similar renal pathology is seen in some assay was normal and electron microscopic on September 30, 2021 by guest. Protected copyright. non-genetic conditions, characterised by renal examination showed normal peroxisomes, ex- hypoperfusion3-' and in infants born to women cluding a diagnosis of Zellweger syndrome. who took angiotensin converting enzyme Cytogenetic analysis showed a normal female inhibitors during pregnancy.6 karyotype. Neuropathological examination In a review of reported cases of RTD,7 showed only rare small foci ofheterotopic neu- underdeveloped cranial bones or wide sutures rones; there were no morphological abnormali- and fontanelles were noted in 6/24 cases. This ties to account for the hypotonia which was thus attributed to the failure. Departments of finding was also present in other more recently respiratory Pathology and Medical reported cases.810 We have examined two cases Genetics, University of in which the presence of abnormally large fon- CASE 2 British Columbia and taneNles was particularly striking and was noted This was delivered at 32 BC Children's infant weeks' gestation before death. This led us to review the Hospital, 4480 Oak to a gravida 2, para 1 woman who was said to Street, Vancouver, BC originally reported cases.' have congenital deafness. Gestational diabetes V6H 3V4, Canada had been diagnosed one week before delivery. D E McFadden Case reports There was no history of maternal drug use J T Pantzar CASE 1 during pregnancy. M I Van Allen A female infant was delivered at 32 weeks' At birth, the infant had failure S Langlois respiratory gestational age to a gravida 2, 26 year old and was hypotonic. The skull was abnormal Correspondence to: woman, who had had one therapeutic abortion; with large fontanelles. There were contractures Dr McFadden. she was not on any medication during at the knees and elbows with hyperflexibility at pregnancy. The first and second trimesters of the ankles and wrists. A diagnosis of Zellweger Received 29 January 1997 Revised version accepted for pregnancy were uncomplicated. An ultrasound syndrome was considered. The child died a few publication 8 April 1997 examination performed at 13-14 weeks' hours after birth. Renal tubular dysgenesis with calvarial hypoplasia 847 Necropsy showed a male infant with length large fontanelles or undermineralisation of the at the 75th to 90th centile, weight at the 90th skull bones in RTD, as in ACE inhibitor centile, and head circumference at the 25th to fetopathy, are more common than reported J Med Genet: first published as 10.1136/jmg.34.10.846 on 1 October 1997. Downloaded from 50th centile for a gestational age of 32 weeks. and are often unrecognised or overlooked.6 The fontanelles were very large, with the ante- These skull abnormalities appear to occur rior confluent with the posterior, measuring 15 commonly enough in RTD that their presence cm x 6 cm. There were prominent infraorbital could serve to raise the diagnosis clinically, fol- creases, the thumbs were proximally im- lowed by pathological confirmation. There are planted, and there were contractures, without a number of conditions associated with en- pterygia, at the knees and elbows. The kidneys larged fontanelles; for many, exclusion from the were large with a combined weight of 33.8 g differential diagnosis is readily accomplished versus an expected combined weight of 14.5 ± on the basis of the other clinical features. In 4.8 g. The renal parenchyma was grossly both of our cases, a diagnosis of Zellweger syn- normal. Histologically, there was renal tubular drome was considered; the differential diagno- dysgenesis with absence of the proximal sis for infants presenting in this fashion should tubules. There was pulmonary immaturity with also include RTD. Hypotonia in infants with lung development appropriate for a gestational RTD may occur on the basis of hypoxia owing age of 28 weeks in contrast to the actual to respiratory failure (pulmonary hypoplasia) gestational age of 32 weeks. Analysis of very and thus may not be seen in all cases ofRTD as long chain fatty acids was normal as was the normal lung development has been reported.8 sedimentable catalase assay, excluding Zell- The basis for the skull abnormality in RTD weger disease. Cytogenetic analysis showed a is unknown. Similar renal and skull changes are normal male karyotype. Neuropathological seen in antenatal exposure to angiotensin con- examination showed extensive hypoxic- verting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI fetopathy). It ischaemic damage which was thought to has been postulated that the renal and calvarial account for the hypotonia. abnormalities reflect the effects of fetal hypo- With the finding ofmarkedly enlarged fonta- tension induced by maternal ACEI ingestion nelles in two infants found at necropsy to have with the resultant hypoxia affecting those renal tubular dysgenesis, we reviewed the organs requiring a high oxygen tension for nor- necropsy reports of cases of RTD examined in mal growth.5 6 An alternative explanation is our institution, including the two cases that based on the finding that angiotensin II is a were the subject of the initial report by renal growth factor'3 with the renal tubular Allanson et al.' In case 1 from that report (34 abnormalities in ACE inhibitor fetopathy being week GA stillborn), the necropsy report states attributed to lack of angiotensin II growth that "the sutures are very wide, the superior stimulation. The finding of calvarial hypoplasia sagittal suture measuring 3 cm in width, with in these cases has been interpreted as suggest- the large anterior and posterior fontanelle ing that calvarial bone growth may also be merging into each other". In the second case stimulated by angiotensin II.'" In RTD, high (36 week GA, stillborn), the report states "the levels of renal renin have been found and it has http://jmg.bmj.com/ skull bones are widely open, up to 2 cm, the been suggested that an impaired feedback anterior fontanelle measures 5 cm in all mechanism accounts for this.'4 The possibility dimensions". In a third case examined at our of this impaired feedback mechanism involving institution, the necropsy report noted that the angiotensin receptors has been raised (though anterior and posterior fontanelles were large, not formally examined) as the link between the each measuring 3 cm in coronal and sagittal high renin levels in the kidneys and the tubular dimensions. dysgenesis; if there are abnormalities in angi- on September 30, 2021 by guest. Protected copyright. otensin receptors in RTD kidneys there may be similar receptor abnormalities in the calvar- Discussion ium, providing the link between the renal and The possibility of renal tubular dysgenesis may calvarial developmental abnormalities. be raised when there is late onset of In conclusion, abnormalities of the skull oligohydramnios,2 but the diagnosis is made occur fairly frequently in RTD and are often only after histopathological examination. Large not recognised clinically, as is the case in ACE fontanelles or hypoplastic calvaria have been inhibitor fetopathy.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Comparison of the Newborn Skull to the Adult Human Skull
    Comparison of the Newborn skull to the Adult Human Skull As a baby grows older their skull goes through a huge change. The neurocranium starts off not as hard as it will be, gaining the ability to shape in whatever way is needed. While their facial cranium, their face, begins to take on unique qualities and changes to look like a mature adult skull. This process takes time but all the changes are very visible. The neurocranium compared to an adult’s is more oval and is substantially bigger than the facial cranium. The newborn's skull has four “horns” two in the front on the frontal bone and two in the back on the parietal bone. These bumps are the thickness that the skull will eventually become. The edges are ridged in between the frontal and the parietal. On top of the skull is the anterior fontanel, which is an opening in the skull that is small and shaped like a diamond. This will close when the child is around two years old. Coming out of the points from the anterior fontanelle are lines or spaces in between the bones, some of these overlap. The advantage of both the spaces in between the bones and the anterior fontanel is room for growth and compression through the birth canal. As a newborn, their neurocranium is 60% of the circumference of an adult’s. At two to three it is 90% of an adult’s, so most of the growth of the neurocranium happens before the child is three. The adult’s skull is more circular and the nose, eyes, and mouth are father apart.
    [Show full text]
  • Morfofunctional Structure of the Skull
    N.L. Svintsytska V.H. Hryn Morfofunctional structure of the skull Study guide Poltava 2016 Ministry of Public Health of Ukraine Public Institution «Central Methodological Office for Higher Medical Education of MPH of Ukraine» Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine «Ukranian Medical Stomatological Academy» N.L. Svintsytska, V.H. Hryn Morfofunctional structure of the skull Study guide Poltava 2016 2 LBC 28.706 UDC 611.714/716 S 24 «Recommended by the Ministry of Health of Ukraine as textbook for English- speaking students of higher educational institutions of the MPH of Ukraine» (minutes of the meeting of the Commission for the organization of training and methodical literature for the persons enrolled in higher medical (pharmaceutical) educational establishments of postgraduate education MPH of Ukraine, from 02.06.2016 №2). Letter of the MPH of Ukraine of 11.07.2016 № 08.01-30/17321 Composed by: N.L. Svintsytska, Associate Professor at the Department of Human Anatomy of Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine «Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy», PhD in Medicine, Associate Professor V.H. Hryn, Associate Professor at the Department of Human Anatomy of Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine «Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy», PhD in Medicine, Associate Professor This textbook is intended for undergraduate, postgraduate students and continuing education of health care professionals in a variety of clinical disciplines (medicine, pediatrics, dentistry) as it includes the basic concepts of human anatomy of the skull in adults and newborns. Rewiewed by: O.M. Slobodian, Head of the Department of Anatomy, Topographic Anatomy and Operative Surgery of Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine «Bukovinian State Medical University», Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor M.V.
    [Show full text]
  • Surgical Anatamic of Paranasal Sinuses
    SURGICAL ANATAMIC OF PARANASAL SINUSES DR. SEEMA MONGA ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR DEPARTMENT OF ENT-HNS HIMSR MIDDLE TURBINATE 1. Anterior attachment : vertically oriented, sup to the lateral border of cribriform plate. 2. Second attachment :Obliquely oriented- basal lamella/ ground lamella, Attached to the lamina papyracea ( medial wall of orbit anterior, posterior air cells, sphenopala‐ tine foramen 3. Posterior attachment :medial wall of maxillary sinus, horizontally oriented. , supreme turbinate 3. Occasionally 4. fourth turbinate, 5. supreme meatus, if present 6. drains posterior ethmoid drains inferior, middle, superior turbinates and, occasionally, the supreme turbinate, the fourth turbinate. e. Lateral to these turbinates are the corresponding meatuses divided per their drainage systems ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS OF THE TURBINATES 1. Concha bullosa, 24–55%, often bilateral, 2. Interlamellar cell of grunwald: pneumatization is limited to the vertical part of middle turbinate, usually not causing narrowing of the ostiomeatal unit 3. Paradoxic middle turbinate: 26%,. Occasionally, it can affect the patency of the ostiomeatal unit 4. Pneumatized basal lamella, falsely considered, posterior ethmoid air cell Missed basal lamella – attaches to lateral maxillary sinus wall Ostiomeatal unit Anterior ostiomeatal unit, maxillary, anterior ethmoid, frontal sinuses, (1) ethmoid infundibulum, (2) middle meatus, (3) hiatus semilunaris, (4) maxillaryOstium, (5) ethmoid bulla, (6) frontal recess, (7) uncinate process. , sphenoethmoidal recess Other draining osteomeatal unit, posterior in the nasal cavity, posterior ethmoid sinus, lateral to the superior turbinate, . sphenoid Sinus medial to the superior turbinate Uncinate Process Crescent‐shaped, thin individual bone inferiorly- ethmoidal process of inferior turbinate, anterior, lacrimal bone, posteriorly- hiatus Semilunaris, medial -ethmoid infundibulum, laterally, middle meatus superior attachment- variability, direct effect on frontal sinus drainage pathway.
    [Show full text]
  • CLOSURE of CRANIAL ARTICULATIONS in the SKULI1 of the AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINE by A
    CLOSURE OF CRANIAL ARTICULATIONS IN THE SKULI1 OF THE AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINE By A. A. ABBIE, Department of Anatomy, University of Adelaide INTRODUCTION While it is well known that joint closure advances more or less progressively with age, there is still little certainty in matters of detail, mainly for lack of adequate series of documented skulls. In consequence, sundry beliefs have arisen which tend to confuse the issue. One view, now disposed of (see Martin, 1928), is that early suture closure indicates a lower or more primitive type of brain. A corollary, due to Broca (see Topinard, 1890), that the more the brain is exercised the more is suture closure postponed, is equally untenable. A very widespread belief is based on Gratiolet's statement (see Topinard, 1890; Frederic, 1906; Martin, 1928; Fenner, 1939; and others) that in 'lower' skulls the sutures are simple and commence to fuse from in front, while in 'higher' skulls the sutures are more complicated and tend to fuse from behind. This view was disproved by Ribbe (quoted from Frederic, 1906), who substituted the generalization that in dolicocephals synostosis begins in the coronal suture, and in brachycephals in the lambdoid suture. In addition to its purely anthropological interest the subject raises important biological considerations of brain-skull relationship, different foetalization in different ethnological groups (see Bolk, 1926; Weidenreich, 1941; Abbie, 1947), and so on. A survey of the literature reveals very little in the way of data on the age incidence of suture closure. The only substantial contribution accessible here comes from Todd & Lyon (1924) for Europeans, but their work is marred by arbitrary rejection of awkward material.
    [Show full text]
  • Real-Time Sonographic Sector Scanning of the Neonatal Cranium: Technique and Normal Anatomy
    349 Real-Time Sonographic Sector Scanning of the Neonatal Cranium: Technique and Normal Anatomy William P. Shuman 1 A commercially available wide field of view real-time mechanical sector scanner can James V. Rogers1 be used t o image the neonatal cranium. Because of the small transducer head size, the 1 Laurence A. Mack . 2 open anterior fontanelle can function as an acoustic window. By thus avoiding bone, higher f requency transducers may be used to improve image resolution. Infants may Ellsworth C. Alvord, Jr 3 be scanned quickly without sedation in their isolettes in the neonatal intensive care David P. Christie2 unit. Sterility of the infant environment is maintained by placing the transducer in a surgical glove. Using this technique, detailed normal anatomy can be seen such as vascular structures, caudate nucleus, thalamus, third ventricle, cavum septum pelluci­ dum, and the thalamocaudate notch. Angled coronal and sagittal sonographic anatomy is correlated with neonatal cadaver brain sections sliced in similar planes centered on the anterior fontanelle. The mechanical sector scanner has advantages over other real-time devices including improved image resolution, a wider field of view, and a small er area of transducer skin contact. These unique assets are particularly appli cable to th e evaluati on of the neonatal cranium. The small transducer of a sector scanner can easil y be held in contact with the open anterior fontanell e using it as an acousti c window. This window avoids bone and makes possible the use of a higher frequency transducer resulting in improved resolution. We report our technique for neonatal crani al sonography usin g a mechanical sector scanner.
    [Show full text]
  • MBB: Head & Neck Anatomy
    MBB: Head & Neck Anatomy Skull Osteology • This is a comprehensive guide of all the skull features you must know by the practical exam. • Many of these structures will be presented multiple times during upcoming labs. • This PowerPoint Handout is the resource you will use during lab when you have access to skulls. Mind, Brain & Behavior 2021 Osteology of the Skull Slide Title Slide Number Slide Title Slide Number Ethmoid Slide 3 Paranasal Sinuses Slide 19 Vomer, Nasal Bone, and Inferior Turbinate (Concha) Slide4 Paranasal Sinus Imaging Slide 20 Lacrimal and Palatine Bones Slide 5 Paranasal Sinus Imaging (Sagittal Section) Slide 21 Zygomatic Bone Slide 6 Skull Sutures Slide 22 Frontal Bone Slide 7 Foramen RevieW Slide 23 Mandible Slide 8 Skull Subdivisions Slide 24 Maxilla Slide 9 Sphenoid Bone Slide 10 Skull Subdivisions: Viscerocranium Slide 25 Temporal Bone Slide 11 Skull Subdivisions: Neurocranium Slide 26 Temporal Bone (Continued) Slide 12 Cranial Base: Cranial Fossae Slide 27 Temporal Bone (Middle Ear Cavity and Facial Canal) Slide 13 Skull Development: Intramembranous vs Endochondral Slide 28 Occipital Bone Slide 14 Ossification Structures/Spaces Formed by More Than One Bone Slide 15 Intramembranous Ossification: Fontanelles Slide 29 Structures/Apertures Formed by More Than One Bone Slide 16 Intramembranous Ossification: Craniosynostosis Slide 30 Nasal Septum Slide 17 Endochondral Ossification Slide 31 Infratemporal Fossa & Pterygopalatine Fossa Slide 18 Achondroplasia and Skull Growth Slide 32 Ethmoid • Cribriform plate/foramina
    [Show full text]
  • MORPHOMETRIC STUDY of PTERION in DRY ADULT HUMAN SKULLS Pratima Kulkarni 1, Shivaji Sukre 2, Mrunal Muley *3
    International Journal of Anatomy and Research, Int J Anat Res 2017, Vol 5(3.3):4365-68. ISSN 2321-4287 Original Research Article DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2017.337 MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF PTERION IN DRY ADULT HUMAN SKULLS Pratima Kulkarni 1, Shivaji Sukre 2, Mrunal Muley *3. 1 Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, G.M.C. Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India. 2 Professor and Head of department, Department of Anatomy, G.M.C. Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India. *3 Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, G.M.C. Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India. ABSTRACT Introduction: The pterion corresponds to the site of anterolateral fontanelle of the neonatal skull which closes at third month after birth. In the pterional fractures the anterior and middle meningeal arterial ramus ruptures commonly which results in extradural hemorrhage. Pterional approach is most suitable and minimally invasive approach in neurosurgery. Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out on the pterion of 36 dry adult skulls of known sex from department of anatomy GMC Aurangabad Maharashtra. Results: The mean and standard deviation of the distance between the centre of pterion to various anatomical landmarks. The distance between Pterion- frontozygomatic (P-FZ) suture 29.81±4.42mm on right side, 29.81±4.07mm on left side; Pterion-Zygomatic arch (P-Z) 37.16±3.77mm on right side, 37.56±3.71mm on left side, Pterion-asterion (P-A) 89.73±6.16mm on right side, 89.46±6.35mm on left side; Pterion-external acoustic meatus (P- EAM) 53.40±7.28mm on right side, 53.57±6.73mm on left side, Pterion- Mastoid process (P-M) 80.35±3.44mm on right side, 80.96±3.79mm on left side and Pterion- Pterion (P-P) 194.54±16.39mm were measured.
    [Show full text]
  • Atlas of Craniomaxillofacial Osteosynthesis
    Atlas of Craniomaxillofacial Osteosynthesis Microplates, Miniplates,and Screws Bearbeitet von Franz Härle, Maxime Champy, Bill Terry 2nd edition 2009. Buch. ca. 240 S. Hardcover ISBN 978 3 13 116492 6 Format (B x L): 19,5 x 27 cm Weitere Fachgebiete > Medizin > Chirurgie > Mund-, Kiefer- & Gesichtschirurgie Zu Inhaltsverzeichnis schnell und portofrei erhältlich bei Die Online-Fachbuchhandlung beck-shop.de ist spezialisiert auf Fachbücher, insbesondere Recht, Steuern und Wirtschaft. Im Sortiment finden Sie alle Medien (Bücher, Zeitschriften, CDs, eBooks, etc.) aller Verlage. Ergänzt wird das Programm durch Services wie Neuerscheinungsdienst oder Zusammenstellungen von Büchern zu Sonderpreisen. Der Shop führt mehr als 8 Millionen Produkte. 132 26 Craniofacial Surgery orbital ethmoidal cells are removed (Sailer and Landolt, 1987a, b). The osteotomies through all orbital walls are per- formed behind the greatest diameter of the orbital con- tents; sometimes it is necessary to connect the osteoto- mies of the median orbital wall and the orbital floor via a transconjunctival approach (Sailer, 1978). The zygomatic complex is divided transversely, in an infraorbital direc- tion (Fig. 26.3). The zygomatic osteotomy is completed below the infraorbital foramen into the piriform aperture beneath the lower turbinate, using an intraoral upper vestibular approach. A triangular piece of bone above this osteotomy is removed from both sides of the piriform aperture. Both orbits are gently mobilized by finger pres- sure and by the use of broad chisels placed into the lateral orbital osteotomy. Now, >two wires are placed within the glabela region andbothorbitsgentlypulledandpressedtogether.The fixation of the supraorbital bandeau to the orbits and the calvaria is done mostly with titanium wires.
    [Show full text]
  • A Study on Sutural Morphology and Anatomical Position of Pterion
    A STUDY ON SUTURAL MORPHOLOGY AND ANATOMICAL POSITION OF PTERION Varsha Shenoy, P. Saraswathi, T. Siva, D. Jagadeesh ijcrr Department of Anatomy, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Vol 04 issue 09 University, Saveetha Nagar, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu Category: Research Received on:21/03/12 Revised on:29/03/12 E-mail of Corresponding Author: [email protected] Accepted on:06/04/12 ABSTRACT Objective: Pterion is an interesting bony landmark on the lateral aspect of the skull. It is ‗H‘ shaped sutural confluence formed by the articulation of four bones: frontal, parietal, greater wing of sphenoid and squamous part of temporal bone. Pterional approach is most widely used in neurosurgery for a variety of lesions in the anterior and middle cranial fossae. Since previous studies have reported the racial difference in the pterional morphology, in the present study it was aimed to study the sutural morphology of pteria and also to locate it with respect to the frontozygomatic suture. Methods: Seventy five (50 male and 25 female) skulls were studied on both the sides to evaluate the sutural pattern of pteria. The distance between center of the pterion to frontozygomatic suture was measured on both the sides. Results and Conclusion: According to the present study Sphenoparietal pterion was the commonest (77.33%) finding and was followed in frequency by Epipteric type (21.33%) and Stellate type (1.33%). Frontotemporal pterion was not observed. Average distance between the center of pterion and frontozygomatic suture was found to be 2.95 cm. ____________________________________________________________________________________ Keywords: Pterion, Frontozygomatic suture, neuro-vascular disorders located in the anterior Burr-hole surgery, sutural bone, fontanelle, and middle cranial fossae.
    [Show full text]
  • Anthropometric Evaluation of Pterion in Dry Human Skulls Found in Southern India
    Jemds.com Original Research Article Anthropometric Evaluation of Pterion in Dry Human Skulls Found in Southern India Pretty Rathnakar1, Remya Vinod2, Swathi3, Anuja Sinha4 1Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, K. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore, Karnataka, India. 2Lecturer, Department of Anatomy, K. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore, Karnataka, India. 3Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, K. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore, Karnataka, India. 4Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, K. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore, Karnataka, India. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Pterion is a H- shaped sutural convergence seen in the Norma Lateralis of skull. After Corresponding Author: 2-3 months of birth, the anterolateral fontanelle in the neonatal skulls close to form Remya Vinod, Department of Anatomy, the pterion. It is the meeting point of four bones sphenoid, parietal, temporal and K. S. Hegde Medical Academy, frontal. Four types have been noted- spheno-parietal, fronto-temporal, epipteric and Deralakatte, Mangalore-575018, stellate. Pterional approach is commonly undertaken in surgical management of Karnataka, India. tumours involving inferior aspects of frontal lobe, like olfactory meningiomas, orbital, E-mail: [email protected] retro-orbital, sellar, chiasmatic, subfrontal, prepontine areas, anterior circulation and basilar artery aneurysm. The knowledge regarding the various shapes and distances DOI: 10.14260/jemds/2019/541 from different points to pterion (distance of centre of pterion was calculated from mid-point of superior margin of zygomatic arch (PZA), Frontozygomatic suture (PFZ), Financial or Other Competing Interests: None. tip of the mastoid process (PMP), and anterosuperior margin of external acoustic meatus (PEAM)) is useful for treating number of pathologies in brain. So, this is also How to Cite This Article: useful for neurosurgeons, anatomists, anthropologists and forensic medicine Rathnakar P, Vinod R, Swathi, et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Modelling Suture Ossification: a View from the Cranial Capsule
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Masters Theses Graduate School 8-1992 Modelling Suture Ossification: A View from the Cranial Capsule Hugh Bryson Matternes University of Tennessee, Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes Part of the Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Matternes, Hugh Bryson, "Modelling Suture Ossification: A View from the Cranial Capsule. " Master's Thesis, University of Tennessee, 1992. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/4192 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Hugh Bryson Matternes entitled "Modelling Suture Ossification: A View from the Cranial Capsule." I have examined the final electronic copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts, with a major in Anthropology. Richard L. Jantz, Major Professor We have read this thesis and recommend its acceptance: Lyle W. Konigsberg, William M. Bass Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) To the Graduate Council:
    [Show full text]
  • Inter-Parietal Bones in Neurocranium of Human Adult Dry Skulls K
    International Journal of Current Medical And Applied Sciences, 2015, December, 9(1),44-47. ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE INCA- Inter-Parietal Bones in Neurocranium of Human Adult Dry Skulls K. Arumugam 1 & A. Arunkumar 2 1Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Tirunelveli Medical College, Tirunelveli.Tamil Nadu, India. 2Tutor, Andamon Nicobar Island of Institute of Medical Sciences, Andaman. India. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract: Skull means the skeleton of the head including mandible and calvaria means skull after the bones of the face have been removed. In this the word skull is frequently used instead of cranium as a matter of convenience and common usage Objectives: To determine the incidence and type of INCA variants in human adult dry skull. Materials and Methods In this study, 100 human dried skulls were analyzed. All the skulls were taken from the Institute of Anatomy, Madras Medical College, Chennai. Results: Gross incidence of INCA was found to be 2%. The INCA occurred in single. Conclusion: This study gives idea of INCA regarding gross incidence, number and type. This knowledge is useful for neurosurgeons, anthropologists and radiologists. Key words: Neurocranium, INCA bone, Sutural bones. Introduction: According to the catalogues of craniological collections, fontanelle and paired posterior-lateral fontanelle. skull means the skeleton of the head including These fontanelles allows the expansion of the foetal mandible and calvaria means skull after the bones of head to accommodate the rapid enlargement of brain the face have been removed. In this the word skull is which take place during postnatal life. During frequently used instead of cranium as a matter of parturition the fontanelles also help in moulding of the convenience and common usage [2].
    [Show full text]