District Survey Report Mungeli
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Racial Characterization of Gond Tribes and Non- Tribe Boys of Mungeli District, Chhattisgarh Using Facial Anthropometry
International Journal of Research and Review www.ijrrjournal.com E-ISSN: 2349-9788; P-ISSN: 2454-2237 Original Research Article Racial Characterization of Gond Tribes and Non- Tribe Boys of Mungeli District, Chhattisgarh Using Facial Anthropometry Dharam Singh Rathia1, Ram Narayan Das2, Sudha Deshpandey3 1Assistant Professor, Department Of Anatomy ESI-PGIMSR, ESIC Medical College and Hospital, Joka, Kolkata, W.B. 2Medical officer, CHC Bhatapara, District- Balodabajar-bhatapara(C.G.) 3Ex- Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy Pt. J. N.M.Medical College, Ayush and health science University, Raipur (C.G.) Corresponding Author: Dharam Singh Rathia ABSTRACT Anthropometry is applied to obtain measurements of living subjects for identifying age, stature, and various dimensions related to particular race or an individual. Aim -To determine racial characteristic of Gond tribe boys by facial anthropometry. Material & methods-In the present study, data were collected from Patharia block, Mungeli district, Chhattisgarh. Easy approachability and average density of Gond tribe and non-tribe population were the major criteria for selection of this place. Assessment of differences in facial structures, such as, bizygomatic diameter, morphological face height, and nose height, nose width by their direct measurements from the subjects of two groups was done to see if there are any racial characteristics. Result - It was observed that GT boys had wider nose, as nose width was significantly (p value <0.05) more than NT boys at most age groups. No major difference was observed for bizygomatic diameter, morphological face height & nose height. Conclusion- It was concluded that anthropometric measurements can play significant role in determining the ethnicity of characteristic pure races of national importance. -
Payment of Registration Fee for Online STC on Operation & Maintenance
List of Candidates deposited Registration Fee as on Today (09.08.2021) Online Short Term Training Program for Operation and Maintenance of PSA Oxygen Plant Sr. Date of Transaction Ref. Challan No Date credited Amount Depositor Name Depositor Address Mobile Number Email No. Transaction Number to PAO Account 1 07/07/2021 0707210011489 30861107072100011487 12/07/2021 100.00 Sunil Kumar Yadav Gali No 8 B D Verma Gali Chandra Shekhar Azad 9098564657 [email protected] Nagar,Deori Khurd Bilaspur Chhattisgarh 2 07/07/2021 0707210012054 30861107072100012047 12/07/2021 100.00 Vishnu Behera Madhuban Para, Puchchha Para 9109002076 [email protected] 3 07/07/2021 0707210012527 30861107072100012520 09/07/2021 100.00 Ghanshyam Ward no. 01, Main Road, Dongargaon, Dist- 9098912584 [email protected] Rajnandgaon, CG ,Pincode- 491661 4 08/07/2021 0807210004692 30861108072100004687 14/07/2021 100.00 Hiralal bachhar P. V. 24,Rupnagar 6265452507 [email protected] 5 08/07/2021 0807210009261 30861108072100009218 12/07/2021 100.00 NAVAL KUMAR VILL MOHRA POST-SELAR THANA SEEPAT 8461887094 [email protected] DISTRICT BILASPUR PINCODE 495442 6 08/07/2021 0807210010796 30861108072100010753 12/07/2021 100.00 Alankar shastri Vill-nagoi po.-baima dis-bilaspur Chhattisgarh 7587300268 [email protected] 495006,Vill-nagoi po.-baima dis-bilaspur Chhattisgarh 495006 7 08/07/2021 0807210012141 30861108072100012098 12/07/2021 100.00 Yash gupta LIG91 Houshing board colony devrikhud 7974610951 [email protected] bilaspur,LIG91 houshing board -
(Industry-I) Held During 28-30Th September, 2020 Page 1 Of
MoM of 23rd meeting of the Re-constituted EAC (Industry-I) held during 28-30th September, 2020 Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change Impact Assessment Division (Industry-1 Sector) Summary record of the twenty third (23rd) meeting of Re-Constituted Expert Appraisal Committee (REAC) held during 28-30th September, 2020 for environment appraisal of Industry-1 sector projects constituted under the provisions of Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) notification, 2006. The twenty third meeting of the Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) for Industry-1 Sector constituted as per the provisions of the EIA Notification, 2006 for Environment Appraisal of Industry-1 Sector Projects was held during 28-30th September, 2020 in the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) through video conferencing in view of the ongoing Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19) issue. The list of EAC attendees is as follows. S.No. Name Position 28/09/20 29/09/20 30/09/20 1. Dr. Chhavi Nath Pandey Chairman Present Present Present 2. Dr. Bipin Prakash Member Present Present Present Thapliyal, Director, CPPRI. 3. Dr. Siddharth Singh, Member Present Present Present Scientist ‘E’ IMD. 4. Dr. Jagdish Kishwan Member Present Present Present 5. Dr. G.V. Subramanyam Member Present Present Present 6. Dr. Tejaswini Member Present Present Present AnanthKumar 7. Shri. Ashok Upadhyaya Member Present Present Present 8. Shri. Rajendra Prasad Member Present Present Present Sharma 9. Dr. Sanjay Deshmukh Member Absent Absent Absent 10. Prof. S.K. Singh Member Present Present Present 11. Dr. R. Gopichandran Member Absent Absent Absent 12. Shri Jagannadha Rao Member Present Present Present Avasarala 13. -
Annexure-V State/Circle Wise List of Post Offices Modernised/Upgraded
State/Circle wise list of Post Offices modernised/upgraded for Automatic Teller Machine (ATM) Annexure-V Sl No. State/UT Circle Office Regional Office Divisional Office Name of Operational Post Office ATMs Pin 1 Andhra Pradesh ANDHRA PRADESH VIJAYAWADA PRAKASAM Addanki SO 523201 2 Andhra Pradesh ANDHRA PRADESH KURNOOL KURNOOL Adoni H.O 518301 3 Andhra Pradesh ANDHRA PRADESH VISAKHAPATNAM AMALAPURAM Amalapuram H.O 533201 4 Andhra Pradesh ANDHRA PRADESH KURNOOL ANANTAPUR Anantapur H.O 515001 5 Andhra Pradesh ANDHRA PRADESH Vijayawada Machilipatnam Avanigadda H.O 521121 6 Andhra Pradesh ANDHRA PRADESH VIJAYAWADA TENALI Bapatla H.O 522101 7 Andhra Pradesh ANDHRA PRADESH Vijayawada Bhimavaram Bhimavaram H.O 534201 8 Andhra Pradesh ANDHRA PRADESH VIJAYAWADA VIJAYAWADA Buckinghampet H.O 520002 9 Andhra Pradesh ANDHRA PRADESH KURNOOL TIRUPATI Chandragiri H.O 517101 10 Andhra Pradesh ANDHRA PRADESH Vijayawada Prakasam Chirala H.O 523155 11 Andhra Pradesh ANDHRA PRADESH KURNOOL CHITTOOR Chittoor H.O 517001 12 Andhra Pradesh ANDHRA PRADESH KURNOOL CUDDAPAH Cuddapah H.O 516001 13 Andhra Pradesh ANDHRA PRADESH VISAKHAPATNAM VISAKHAPATNAM Dabagardens S.O 530020 14 Andhra Pradesh ANDHRA PRADESH KURNOOL HINDUPUR Dharmavaram H.O 515671 15 Andhra Pradesh ANDHRA PRADESH VIJAYAWADA ELURU Eluru H.O 534001 16 Andhra Pradesh ANDHRA PRADESH Vijayawada Gudivada Gudivada H.O 521301 17 Andhra Pradesh ANDHRA PRADESH Vijayawada Gudur Gudur H.O 524101 18 Andhra Pradesh ANDHRA PRADESH KURNOOL ANANTAPUR Guntakal H.O 515801 19 Andhra Pradesh ANDHRA PRADESH VIJAYAWADA -
Common Service Center List
CSC Profile Details Report as on 15-07-2015 SNo CSC ID District Name Block Name Village/CSC name Pincode Location VLE Name Address Line 1 Address Line 2 Address Line 3 E-mail Id Contact No 1 CG010100101 Durg Balod Karahibhadar 491227 Karahibhadar LALIT KUMAR SAHU vill post Karahibhadar block dist balod chhattisgarh [email protected] 8827309989 VILL & POST : NIPANI ,TAH : 2 CG010100102 Durg Balod Nipani 491227 Nipani MURLIDHAR C/O RAHUL COMUNICATION BALOD DISTRICT BALOD [email protected] 9424137413 3 CG010100103 Durg Balod Baghmara 491226 Baghmara KESHAL KUMAR SAHU Baghmara BLOCK-BALOD DURG C.G. [email protected] 9406116499 VILL & POST : JAGANNATHPUR ,TAH : 4 CG010100105 Durg Balod JAGANNATHPUR 491226 JAGANNATHPUR HEMANT KUMAR THAKUR JAGANNATHPUR C/O NIKHIL COMPUTER BALOD [email protected] 9479051538 5 CG010100106 Durg Balod Jhalmala 491226 Jhalmala SMT PRITI DESHMUKH VILL & POST : JHALMALA TAH : BALOD DIST:BALOD [email protected] 9406208255 6 CG010100107 Durg Balod LATABOD LATABOD DEKESHWAR PRASAD SAHU LATABOD [email protected] 9301172853 7 CG010100108 Durg Balod Piparchhedi 491226 PIPERCHEDI REKHA SAO Piparchhedi Block: Balod District:Balod [email protected] 9907125793 VILL & POST : JAGANNATHPUR JAGANNATHPUR.CSC@AISEC 8 CG010100109 Durg Balod SANKARAJ 491226 SANKARAJ HEMANT KUMAR THAKUR C/O NIKHIL COMPUTER ,TAH : BALOD DIST: BALOD TCSC.COM 9893483408 9 CG010100110 Durg Balod Bhediya Nawagaon 491226 Bhediya Nawagaon HULSI SAHU VILL & POST : BHEDIYA NAWAGAON BLOCK : BALOD DIST:BALOD [email protected] 9179037807 10 CG010100111 -
Ground Water Year Book of Chhattisgarh 2015 - 16
For official use only GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES AND GANGA REJUVENATION CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD GROUND WATER YEAR BOOK OF CHHATTISGARH 2015 - 16 NORTH CENTRAL CHHATTISGARH REGION RAIPUR October 2016 FOREWORD Central Ground Water Board, North Central Chhattisgarh Region, Raipur monitors the water levels in the State four times a year through a network of 1158 number of observation wells(both dug wells and piezometers). Water quality is also assessed once in a year. The generated data from these observation wells are compiled, analysed and presented in the form of reports from time to time and circulated to various Central and State Government Departments. The present report embodies data and information collected during monitoring in the year 2015-16. The water level data and sample collection was done by the officers of CGWB, NCCR Raipur. The report has been compiled and prepared by Smt Mausumi Sahoo, Scientist ‘B’ under the supervision of Shri M M Sonkusare, Scientist ‘D’ .I appreciate the efforts put by the officers of Report Processing Section in bringing out this report. I am sure this report will be of immense help to all the stakeholders of groundwater in the State. (C. Paul Prabhakar) Regional Director, CGWB, NCCR, Raipur CONTENTS Chapters Page Nos 1. INTRODUCTION 1-2 2. GEOMORPHOLOGY 3-6 2.1 Physiography 2.2 Drainage 3. CLIMATE AND RAIN FALL 7-9 3.1 Rainfall 3.2 Temperature 4. SOIL AND LAND USE 9-11 4.1 Soil 4.2 Land use 5. HYDROGEOLOGICAL CONDITIONS 12-17 5.1 Consolidated formations 5.2 Semi-consolidated formations 5.3 Un-consolidated formations 6. -
Impact of Technological Interventions Among the Chickpea Beneficiaries
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2020; Sp9(2): 180-182 E-ISSN: 2278-4136 P-ISSN: 2349-8234 www.phytojournal.com Impact of technological interventions among the JPP 2020; Sp9(2): 180-182 Received: 20-01-2020 chickpea beneficiaries about NFSM programme Accepted: 22-02-2020 on income and productivity Vikram Singh M. Sc. Scholar, Department of Agricultural Vikram Singh, DK Suryawanshi and Rewendra Kumar Sahu Extension, College of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi Abstract Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, The present study was investigated the various impact of technological interventions among the chickpea Chhattisgarh, India beneficiaries about NFSM programme on income and productivity in bemetara and mungeli district of DK Suryawanshi Chhattisgarh state during the year 2016-17. Data was collected from beneficiaries farmers of chickpea Professor, Department of production that were selected randomly from each selected 8 villages to make a sample size of 120 Agricultural Extension, College farmers of chickpea production about NFSM programme, with the help of a pre-tested interview of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi schedule. The study reveals that out of all technological interventions obtained in NFSM majority of the Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, respondents (60.83%) of wise use of pesticides and 59.17 per cent of use of machinery. The differences Chhattisgarh, India between impact of NFSM on income and productivity of chickpea beneficiaries before and after NFSM shown that, Total area 7.7 ha., Total production 617.26 q., Average productivity -
Brief Industrial Profile of Mungeli District
1 Government of India Ministry of MSME Brief Industrial Profile of Mungeli District Carried out by MSME -Development Institute, Raipur (Ministry of MSME, Govt. of India,) Phone :- 0771- 2427719 /2422312 Fax: 0771 - 2422312 e-mail: [email protected] Web- www.msmediraipur.gov.in 2 Contents S. No. Topic Page No. 1. General Characteristics of the District 4 1.1 Location & Geographical Area 4 1.2 Topography 4 1.3 Availability of Minerals. 4 1.4 Forest 4 1.5 Administrative set up 5 2. District at a glance 5 2.1 Existing Status of Industrial Area in the District Mungeli 8 3. Industrial Scenario Of Mungeli 8 3.1 Industry at a Glance 8 3.2 Year Wise Trend Of Units Registered 8 3.3 Details Of Existing Micro & Small Enterprises & Artisan Units In The 9 District 3.4 Large Scale Industries / Public Sector undertakings 9 3.5 Major Exportable Item 9 3.6 Growth Trend 9 3.7 Vendorisation / Ancillarisation of the Industry 9 3.8 Medium Scale Enterprises 10 3.8.1 List of the units in Mungeli & nearby Area 10 3.8.2 Major Exportable Item 10 3.9 Service Enterprises 10 3.9.1 Potentials areas for service industry 10 3.10 Potential for new MSMEs 10 4. Existing Clusters of Micro & Small Enterprise 10 5. Action Plan for MSME Schemes during 2015-16 11 6. Steps to set up MSMEs 12 3 4 Brief Industrial Profile of Mungeli District 1. General Characteristics of the District A recently defined district; Mungeli is a political unit of governance that has been carvedout of the district of Bilaspur in Chhattisgarh. -
CCOST Activity Profile
CCOST Activity Profile CHHATTISGARH COUNCIL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vigyan Bhavan, Vidhan Sabha Road, Raipur (CG) CHHATTISGARH COUNCIL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vigyan Bhavan, Vidhan Sabha Road, Daldal Seoni , Raipur (CG) 492 014 Table of Content About Chhattisgarh Council of Science and Technology .................. iii 1. Chhattisgarh Space Application Centre ......................................... 1 1.1. Projects Completed ...................................................................................... 1 1.1.1. Crop Acreage and Production Estimation (CAPE) ................................................ 1 1.1.2. National Wasteland Up-dation Mission ................................................................. 2 1.1.3. Groundwater Conservation and Management ........................................................ 2 1.1.4. Ground water Quality Atlas of Dhamtari District .................................................. 2 1.1.5. National Geo-morphological and Lineament Mapping Project ............................. 3 1.1.6. 50K Landuse /Landcover Mapping 2nd Cycle ........................................................ 4 1.1.7. Natural Resource Evaluation: Mapping of Physical Features and Geo-spatial Survey: NTPC Talaipalli ..................................................................................... 5 1.1.8. Mapping of Physical Features and Geo-Spatial Survey Using Remote Sensing and GIS for JSPL ................................................................................................. 5 1.1.9. Topographical -
List of Candidates Deposited Registration Fee As on Today (30.07.2021) Online Short Term Training Program for Operation and Maintenance of PSA Oxygen Plant Sr
List of Candidates deposited Registration Fee as on Today (30.07.2021) Online Short Term Training Program for Operation and Maintenance of PSA Oxygen Plant Sr. Date of Transaction Ref. Challan No Date credited Amount Depositor Name Depositor Address Mobile Email No. Transaction Number to PAO Number Account 1 07/07/2021 0707210011489 30861107072100011487 12/07/2021 100.00 Sunil Kumar Yadav Gali No 8 B D Verma Gali Chandra Shekhar 9098564657 [email protected] Azad Nagar,Deori Khurd Bilaspur Chhattisgarh 2 07/07/2021 0707210012054 30861107072100012047 12/07/2021 100.00 Vishnu Behera Madhuban Para, Puchchha Para 9109002076 [email protected] 3 07/07/2021 0707210012527 30861107072100012520 09/07/2021 100.00 Ghanshyam Ward no. 01, Main Road, Dongargaon, Dist- 9098912584 [email protected] Rajnandgaon, CG ,Pincode- 491661 4 08/07/2021 0807210004692 30861108072100004687 14/07/2021 100.00 Hiralal bachhar P. V. 24,Rupnagar 6265452507 [email protected] 5 08/07/2021 0807210009261 30861108072100009218 12/07/2021 100.00 NAVAL KUMAR VILL MOHRA POST-SELAR THANA SEEPAT 8461887094 [email protected] DISTRICT BILASPUR PINCODE 495442 6 08/07/2021 0807210010796 30861108072100010753 12/07/2021 100.00 Alankar shastri Vill-nagoi po.-baima dis-bilaspur 7587300268 [email protected] Chhattisgarh 495006,Vill-nagoi po.-baima dis-bilaspur Chhattisgarh 495006 7 08/07/2021 0807210012141 30861108072100012098 12/07/2021 100.00 Yash gupta LIG91 Houshing board colony devrikhud 7974610951 [email protected] bilaspur,LIG91 houshing board -
List of Factories in Mungeli S.No Industry Name Postal
LIST OF FACTORIES IN MUNGELI S.NO INDUSTRY NAME POSTAL COMMUNICATION CONTACT NO NARENDRA RICE MILL LIESE HODER 1 GODKHAMHI, LORMI, 9893825130 MAHAMAYA RICE MILL VIJAYA RICE MILL LEASE HOLDER GOYAL 2 LORMI, MUNGELI RICE PRODUCT 3 MAHIMA RICE MILL BARELA, TAKHATPUR, BILASPUR 4 DHANSINGH SAHU SAW MILL SARGOAN, MUNLELI 9926135540 VILLAGE- BHAKHURIDIH, POST- 5 SHRI MAHAVIR PRASAD STONE MINES SARGOAN 6 MANS BUILD CON (I) PVT. LTD. VILL-DHAMNI, TEH-PATHARIA 7 ARVIND MINRALS VILL-BHAKHRIDIH, SARGON 9893142562 8 DURGA RICE MILL JARHAGOAN 9753676744 9 DEEPAK MILLING INDUSTRIES NEW BAS STAND, MUNGELI 9425541933 10 DEEPAK RICE INDUSTRIES NAWAGARH ROAD, MUNGELI 9425541933 PLOT NO. :- DISTRICT:- MUNGELI FULL 11 LAXMAN CEMENT 9575042803 ADRESS :- RAMBOD, SARGOAN DISTRICT:- MUNGELI, FULL ADRESS :- 12 M/S. SHREE SATYAM RICE INDUSTRIES VILLAGE- TINGIPUR, TEHSIL- 9893099150 DASRANGPUR, P.O.- JARHAGAON DISTRICT:- MUNGELI, FULL ADRESS :- 13 M/S. SAHU RICE MILL VILLAGE- DANDOURI, P.O.- DINDOURI, TEHSIL- LORMI DISTRICT:- MUNGELI, FULL ADRESS :- M/S. DEEPAK PADDY PARBOILING 14 NAWAGARH ROAD MUNGELI DISTT. INDUSTRIES MUNGELI (C.G.) DISTRICT:- MUNGELI, FULL ADRESS :- 15 M/S. HAZI PARBOILING VILLAGE: DHARAMPUR, BLOCK: 8770402727 MUNGELI DISTRICT:- MUNGELI, FULL ADRESS :- 16 M/S. VIJAY RICE MILL 9893752158 LORMI, DISTRICT:- MUNGELI, FULL ADRESS :- 17 M/S. K. B. AGRO 9229571638 VILL: MOHBHATTA, POST: SARGAON, DISTRICT:- MUNGELI, FULL ADRESS :- 18 M/S. ANKIT RICE PRODUCT BARELA,TAKHATPUR DISTRICT:- MUNGELI, FULL ADRESS :- 19 M/S. SIDDHI RICE INDUSTRIES 9893071232 MAIN ROAD BARELA, DAUKAPA PLOT NO. :- , DISTRICT:- MUNGELI, 20 M/S. REAL POWER PVT. LTD. FULL ADRESS :- KHAMHARDIH, 9893461602 MUNGELI PLOT NO. :- , DISTRICT:- MUNGELI, 21 M/S. SUBHASH SAW MILL 9165818991 FULL ADRESS :- MUNGELI PLOT NO. -
NE 3/2 Funszf’Kdk Øe ,U B 3@2
!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !