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Proposal of Fashion Design Artwork Education Method Using the Three-Dimensional Modeling Principle: Basic Education for a University Curriculum

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Proposal of Fashion Design Artwork Education Method Using the Three-dimensional Modeling Principle: Basic Education for a University Curriculum Hyunjoo Kim Department of Fashion Merchandise Design, Dankook University, Yong-in, Korea Abstract Background This study proposes solid design education methods that use step-by-step approach processes by utilizing body – which is a solid modeling convergence design methodology that target students majoring in fashion design. Methods This study reviewed books, professional academic journals and online data, related to the concept and principles of modeling in order to provide the basic foundation for modeling a curriculum for a fashion design course in higher education. Moreover, we documented the goal of and distinction of education in solid modeling in the fashion design field. Based on the information above, we proposed a curriculum for an artwork workshop. The workshop develops a solid modeling structure with consideration of a three-dimensional modeling exercise that applies body, light, space, and movements. The following curriculum has been applied, verified, and supplemented as an academic program for two semesters from 2011 to 2013 at Univ. E located in Seoul and Univ. D located in the Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. Results ​​Four stages of design education methods for fashion design were proposed for education, validation, and supplementation. The following research was conducted by Stage 1 is [basic modeling and processing] and Stage 2 is [body analysis] in which the relationships the research fund of of form, volume, and structure of the human body are reviewed and analyzed. Stage 3 is [cube Dankook University in spacing training], in which formative functions of materials are analyzed for the development of 2013. plane to space. Stage 4 applies [integration with human body, application, and deployment], in which theoretical education and practices of defining the data analysis, developing design plans, Citation: Kim, H. and delivering design. Through the workshop, students completed comprehensive modeling work (2014). Proposal of Fashion Design through detailed sketches of structures that considered the volume of the human body, dynamic Artwork Education movement, space, and light. Conclusion Method Using the Through this research, we developed and proposed a curriculum that combines Three-dimensional theory and practice, which allows students who major in fashion design to understand all basic Modeling Principle: modeling elements as media of the ‘human body’. As a result of applying and supplementing the Basic Education for a University Curriculum. curriculum for three years, we verified design and aesthetic senses, and self-discovery for each Archives of Design student. Research, 27(4), 75-89. Thus, a more systematic education curriculum of three-dimensional modeling is expected in the fashion design field. http://dx.doi. Keywords org/10.15187/ Fashion design education, Solid modeling, Teaching method, Solid modeling adr.2014.11.112.4.75 education, Design education Received Jun. 17. 2014 Reviewed Aug. 15. 2014 Accepted Copyright : This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non- Aug. 15. 2014 Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted educational and pISSN 1226-8046 non-commercial use, provided the original work is properly cited. eISSN 2288-2987 www.aodr.org 75 1. Introduction 1. 1. Research Background and Objectives In the early 20th century, as human body was liberated from corsets and movements, clothes that concretely expressed the beauty of the human body emerged. In other words, coming in to the 20th century, fashion emerged to become an art genre that contains the aesthetics of the times. In such movements, researches on new cutting technologies and materials became more and more active, and new forms of clothes appeared in the fashion design field. Such movements were even more accelerated being inter-locked with art, and the concept of structure of western fashion was overturned by the emergence of an abstractive form that violated the orthodox modeling of ‘body’. For example, like the Japanese kimono that contains extra spaces between clothes, or the introduction of "human body modeling" to create newly-structured clothes. Thus, in order to respond to the flow of fashion design, design education researches that are based on step-by-step application of three-dimensional principles are needed to contribute in the improvement of creativity. However, researches and preceding data regarding design education and specific curriculums are insufficient. In Korea, "The Study on the Development of Contents in Fundamental Design Education For Fashion Design" by Cho, J.(2010) is the sole research regarding fashion design education based on modeling principles. In foreign countries, most researches regarding design education are focused on integrated design or early design educations for children. Like Korea, not much researches on design education are focused on fashion design. In contrary to the fashion field, researches and studies of design education based on three- dimensional principles are actively being progressed in other design fields. In "The Study on the Method of Design Education to Improve Cubic Art Creativeness", Park H.(2003) proposed the principles of 3D design education and methodology for improving 3D design creativity. In "A Proposal for Fundamental Design Curriculum at Universities in Korea", Ha, S.(2009) pinpointed the importance of fundamental design education as well as proposing the 3-step curriculum called "IME & H". In "A Study on the Recognition and Importance of Abstract 3-Dimensional Form in Design Education", Lee, Y.(2011) studied the importance of understanding the aesthetics of 3-dimensional forms as a designer. In addition to such studies, preceding researches regarding fundamental design education include studies from Yin, M.(2012) and Cha, Y.(2012). Like this, researches that propose a specific direction and case for design education and application are insufficient. On the other hand, solid modeling educations taken place in fashion design schools belonging to higher education institutes in Korea are poor in comparison to major intensive course educations. Most cases of design educations in the fashion design major are focused on simply teaching basic modeling methods of other design fields such as textile rather than creating actual forms and models. However, due to the nature of the fashion design field which should consider 3-dimensions including human body and clothes, the correlation between them and even other dynamic movements, the absence of an appropriate solid modeling education in fashion design education may lead to lack of creation, application and thinking ability, and cause decretion of adaptability in the rapidly- changing fashion market. 76 Archives of design research 2014. 11. vol 27. no4 Thus, in order to foster fashion designers to lead the future, re-establishing of solid modeling educations and strengthening of training is necessary in higher education institutes. Additionally, supplementation of design education and teaching method considering the association with university major subjects is also required. Accordingly, the objective of this research lies on proposing a solid modeling educational model to improve creative abilities of fashion designers who recognize fashion design as modeling art that realizes on human body beyond a fragmentary approach that simply shows design uniqueness. 1. 2. Research Method and Scope In this research, the following research methods have been applied to develop a solid modeling education curriculum for fashion design in a higher education. To start with, a logical understanding stage was preceded on modeling and modeling principle through books, professional journals and related online data and DB. In order to study and understand the basic principles of 3-dimensional forms applied in 2-dimensional forms such as paper, professional books such as 'Modeling Practice-3D form experiment through paper' by Franz, Z.(2008), 'Design Basics' by David L.(2006), 'Understanding of solid modeling' by Kim, M. and Baek, S.(2003), 'Solid Modeling' by Han, S.(2006), 'Paper craft- Design and art with paper' by Robert, K.(2009), and 'Advanced Origami' by Michael, G. & LaFosse(2005) were reviewed. In addition, preceding researches regarding design education of various design fields were reviewed along with online database from writers such as Robert Lang, John Montroll, Akira Yoshizawa, Ilan Garbi, and Eric Gjerde. Through the literature review based on preceding researches, fashion artwork design education methods based on 3-dimensional principles were proposed. Thus, in order to implant 3-dimensional thoughts that include human body and modeling to the students and future fashion designers, human body-based solid models were continuously manufactured and practiced, and photographs of the outcome models were taken in a studio along with the individual concepts in consideration of the human body, light, and space. The following curriculum proposed in the research have been applied, verified, and supplemented as an academic curriculum from years 2011 to 2013 in Univ. E located in Seoul and Univ. D located in Gyeonggi province for two semesters each for a total of three years. 2. Solid Modeling Education in University Design Education 2. 1. Concept and Objectives of Solid Modeling Education
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