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The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks Bioblitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks BioBlitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event Natural Resource Report NPS/GOGA/NRR—2016/1147 ON THIS PAGE Photograph of BioBlitz participants conducting data entry into iNaturalist. Photograph courtesy of the National Park Service. ON THE COVER Photograph of BioBlitz participants collecting aquatic species data in the Presidio of San Francisco. Photograph courtesy of National Park Service. The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks BioBlitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event Natural Resource Report NPS/GOGA/NRR—2016/1147 Elizabeth Edson1, Michelle O’Herron1, Alison Forrestel2, Daniel George3 1Golden Gate Parks Conservancy Building 201 Fort Mason San Francisco, CA 94129 2National Park Service. Golden Gate National Recreation Area Fort Cronkhite, Bldg. 1061 Sausalito, CA 94965 3National Park Service. San Francisco Bay Area Network Inventory & Monitoring Program Manager Fort Cronkhite, Bldg. 1063 Sausalito, CA 94965 March 2016 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado, publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics. These reports are of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Report Series is used to disseminate comprehensive information and analysis about natural resources and related topics concerning lands managed by the National Park Service. -
Eucalyptus Study Group Article
Association of Societies for Growing Australian Plants Eucalyptus Study Group ISSN 1035-4603 Eucalyptus Study Group Newsletter December 2012 No. 57 Study Group Leader Warwick Varley Eucalypt Study Group Website PO Box 456, WOLLONGONG, NSW 2520 http://asgap.org.au/EucSG/index.html Email: [email protected] Membership officer Sue Guymer 13 Conos Court, DONVALE, VICTORIA 3111 Email: [email protected] Contents Do Australia's giant fire-dependent trees belong in the rainforest? By EurekAlert! Giant Eucalypts sent back to the rainforest By Rachel Sullivan Abstract: Dual mycorrhizal associations of jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata) in a nurse-pot system The Eucalypt's survival secret By Danny Kingsley Plant Profile; Corymbia gummifera By Tony Popovich Eucalyptus ×trabutii By Warwick Varley SUBSCRIPTION TIME Do Australia's giant fire-dependent trees belong in the rainforest? By EurekAlert! Australia's giant eucalyptus trees are the tallest flowering plants on earth, yet their unique relationship with fire makes them a puzzle for ecologists. Now the first global assessment of these giants, published in New Phytologist, seeks to end a century of debate over the species' classification and may change the way it is managed in future. Gigantic trees are rare. Of the 100,000 global tree species only 50, less than 0.005 per cent, reach over 70 metres in height. While many of the giants live in Pacific North America, Borneo and similar habitats, 13 are eucalypts endemic to Southern and Eastern Australia. The tallest flowering plant in Australia is Eucalyptus regnans, with temperate eastern Victoria and Tasmania being home to the six tallest recorded species of the genus. -
A Checklist of the Vascular Flora of the Mary K. Oxley Nature Center, Tulsa County, Oklahoma
Oklahoma Native Plant Record 29 Volume 13, December 2013 A CHECKLIST OF THE VASCULAR FLORA OF THE MARY K. OXLEY NATURE CENTER, TULSA COUNTY, OKLAHOMA Amy K. Buthod Oklahoma Biological Survey Oklahoma Natural Heritage Inventory Robert Bebb Herbarium University of Oklahoma Norman, OK 73019-0575 (405) 325-4034 Email: [email protected] Keywords: flora, exotics, inventory ABSTRACT This paper reports the results of an inventory of the vascular flora of the Mary K. Oxley Nature Center in Tulsa, Oklahoma. A total of 342 taxa from 75 families and 237 genera were collected from four main vegetation types. The families Asteraceae and Poaceae were the largest, with 49 and 42 taxa, respectively. Fifty-eight exotic taxa were found, representing 17% of the total flora. Twelve taxa tracked by the Oklahoma Natural Heritage Inventory were present. INTRODUCTION clayey sediment (USDA Soil Conservation Service 1977). Climate is Subtropical The objective of this study was to Humid, and summers are humid and warm inventory the vascular plants of the Mary K. with a mean July temperature of 27.5° C Oxley Nature Center (ONC) and to prepare (81.5° F). Winters are mild and short with a a list and voucher specimens for Oxley mean January temperature of 1.5° C personnel to use in education and outreach. (34.7° F) (Trewartha 1968). Mean annual Located within the 1,165.0 ha (2878 ac) precipitation is 106.5 cm (41.929 in), with Mohawk Park in northwestern Tulsa most occurring in the spring and fall County (ONC headquarters located at (Oklahoma Climatological Survey 2013). -
Pests, Diseases, and Aridity Have Shaped the Genome of Corymbia Citriodora
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Recent Work Title Pests, diseases, and aridity have shaped the genome of Corymbia citriodora. Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5t51515k Journal Communications biology, 4(1) ISSN 2399-3642 Authors Healey, Adam L Shepherd, Mervyn King, Graham J et al. Publication Date 2021-05-10 DOI 10.1038/s42003-021-02009-0 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-021-02009-0 OPEN Pests, diseases, and aridity have shaped the genome of Corymbia citriodora ✉ Adam L. Healey 1,2 , Mervyn Shepherd 3, Graham J. King 3, Jakob B. Butler 4, Jules S. Freeman 4,5,6, David J. Lee 7, Brad M. Potts4,5, Orzenil B. Silva-Junior8, Abdul Baten 3,9, Jerry Jenkins 1, Shengqiang Shu 10, John T. Lovell 1, Avinash Sreedasyam1, Jane Grimwood 1, Agnelo Furtado2, Dario Grattapaglia8,11, Kerrie W. Barry10, Hope Hundley10, Blake A. Simmons 2,12, Jeremy Schmutz 1,10, René E. Vaillancourt4,5 & Robert J. Henry 2 Corymbia citriodora is a member of the predominantly Southern Hemisphere Myrtaceae family, which includes the eucalypts (Eucalyptus, Corymbia and Angophora; ~800 species). 1234567890():,; Corymbia is grown for timber, pulp and paper, and essential oils in Australia, South Africa, Asia, and Brazil, maintaining a high-growth rate under marginal conditions due to drought, poor-quality soil, and biotic stresses. To dissect the genetic basis of these desirable traits, we sequenced and assembled the 408 Mb genome of Corymbia citriodora, anchored into eleven chromosomes. Comparative analysis with Eucalyptus grandis reveals high synteny, although the two diverged approximately 60 million years ago and have different genome sizes (408 vs 641 Mb), with few large intra-chromosomal rearrangements. -
Grass Genera in Townsville
Grass Genera in Townsville Nanette B. Hooker Photographs by Chris Gardiner SCHOOL OF MARINE and TROPICAL BIOLOGY JAMES COOK UNIVERSITY TOWNSVILLE QUEENSLAND James Cook University 2012 GRASSES OF THE TOWNSVILLE AREA Welcome to the grasses of the Townsville area. The genera covered in this treatment are those found in the lowland areas around Townsville as far north as Bluewater, south to Alligator Creek and west to the base of Hervey’s Range. Most of these genera will also be found in neighbouring areas although some genera not included may occur in specific habitats. The aim of this book is to provide a description of the grass genera as well as a list of species. The grasses belong to a very widespread and large family called the Poaceae. The original family name Gramineae is used in some publications, in Australia the preferred family name is Poaceae. It is one of the largest flowering plant families of the world, comprising more than 700 genera, and more than 10,000 species. In Australia there are over 1300 species including non-native grasses. In the Townsville area there are more than 220 grass species. The grasses have highly modified flowers arranged in a variety of ways. Because they are highly modified and specialized, there are also many new terms used to describe the various features. Hence there is a lot of terminology that chiefly applies to grasses, but some terms are used also in the sedge family. The basic unit of the grass inflorescence (The flowering part) is the spikelet. The spikelet consists of 1-2 basal glumes (bracts at the base) that subtend 1-many florets or flowers. -
Wattled Plovers Arrived to Breed at Carolina During September, Left During March (Little 1967), and the Timing Suggests That They Move to Zimbabwe
400 Charadriidae: plovers be caused by seasonal changes in habitat quality, mostly the availability of short-grass habitat near water. Cold winters at high altitudes with heavy frosts may reduce prey levels to the extent that birds are forced to move. Numbers in Zimbabwe increase during the period late-March to August (Tree 1977). Wattled Plovers arrived to breed at Carolina during September, left during March (Little 1967), and the timing suggests that they move to Zimbabwe. In Zambia there is consider- able movement out of the country during the rains when habitat becomes flooded and overgrown, and it is likely to move to the Caprivi Strip and Okavango Delta (Tree 1969; Aspinwall 1986). Little (1967) found that birds were already in pairs when they arrived and that these pairs were philopatric. Breeding: The season is September–January, with most breeding recorded October–November. The nest site is usually in open grassland, with good visibility. It is highly territorial during the breeding season, excluding conspecifics and many other bird species from its territory which can be large (3–6 ha) Wattled Plover and does not necessarily include the nest site (Little 1967). Lelkiewiet Interspecific relationships: It does not breed within the habitat of any other plover and does not appear to compete Vanellus senegallus with them. It sometimes feeds in loose association with Black- smith V. armatus, Crowned V. coronatus, Blackwinged V. The Wattled Plover occurs widely in sub-Saharan Africa, but melanopterus and Lesser Blackwinged V. lugubris Plovers, is absent from tropical rainforest and arid regions in the north- and Temminck’s Courser Cursorius temminckii (Ward east and southwest. -
Rattail Fescue Biology and Management in Pacific Northwest Wheat Cropping Systems Vulpia Myuros (L.) C.C
Archival copy. For current version, see: https://catalog.extension.oregonstate.edu/pnw613 A Pacific Northwest Extension Publication Oregon State University • Washington State University • University of Idaho Rattail Fescue Biology and Management in Pacific Northwest Wheat Cropping Systems Vulpia myuros (L.) C.C. Gmel. var. hirsuta (Hack.) Aschers. & Graebn. Daniel A. Ball and Andrew G. Hulting armers are discovering that weed management practices must be adjusted to control species Fpreviously susceptible to tillage as direct-seed wheat production practices become more widely adopted to conserve soil and water resources. Rattail fescue (Vulpia myuros) is an example, as this grass is becoming an increasingly common weed in wheat- based cropping systems across the Pacific Northwest (PNW). Rattail fescue has been a management problem in southern Australian pastures and wheat- based cropping systems since the mid-1980s (Dillon and Forcella 1984), and more recently it has become particularly widespread in PNW wheat cropping systems as minimum-tillage and direct-seeding Figure 1. Vegetative growth of rattail fescue. practices have become commonplace throughout the region. Description Rattail fescue was historically assigned to the Festuca genus because of the appearance of its stems and leaves, before being reclassified as part of the Vulpia genus. Also referred to as silvergrass, six-weeks fescue, or foxtail fescue, rattail fescue is probably native to Europe and is considered an invasive species in natural and wildland areas, native plant restoration sites, pastures, rangeland, roadsides, and cultivated cropland throughout the PNW and California (DiTomaso and Healy 2007). Rattail fescue is a cool-season, winter annual grass with tightly folded leaf blades less than 1/16- Figure 2. -
Spur-Winged Lapwing Vanellus Spinosus
Spur-winged Lapwing Vanellus spinosus Class: Aves Order: Charadriiformes Family: Charadriidae Characteristics: Also known as the spur-winged plover (not to be confused with the recently renamed masked lapwing of Australasia), this lapwing is a wading bird identified by their striking white cheek feathers, black head cap, brown wings against a black body and long black legs. Behavior: In Africa, lapwings don’t travel far outside their home area but merely make short movements to find wetter areas of their habitats. They spend Range & Habitat: their time searching the marshy ground for small invertebrates. Marshes and wetland habitats of central Africa Reproduction: Because of their large range, these birds have variable breeding seasons. Spur-winged lapwings nest in solitary monogamous pairs, often with other mixed species bird nesting colonies. The large nesting groups help protect the birds in the colonies against predation. The lapwing pair will build a nest in a scrape on the ground sometimes lined with vegetation. The female lays 2 eggs that are yellow with brownish black mottling. They hatch after a 28-day incubation period and both sexes help feed the young. If they double-clutch, the male tends the older chicks while the female incubates the second brood (Sacramento Zoo). Lifespan: over 15 years in Diet: captivity, up to 15 years in the Wild: Invertebrates wild. Zoo: softbill, feline diet, capelin, mealworms and insectivore diet Special Adaptations: Spur- Conservation: winged lapwings have a unique Spur-winged lapwings are abundant in their range in Africa and as such call that acts as an alert when are listed as Least Concern by IUCN. -
Quantitative Ethno-Medicinal Studies of Staple Foods Used by Tribals of Southern Rajasthan (India)
International Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences-IJPBSTM (2019) 9 (1): 908-915 Online ISSN: 2230-7605, Print ISSN: 2321-3272 Research Article | Biological Sciences | Open Access | MCI Approved UGC Approved Journal Quantitative Ethno-Medicinal Studies of Staple Foods Used by Tribals of Southern Rajasthan (India) M Lohar* and A Arora**# *Department of Botany, M L Sukhadia University, Udaipur (Raj). **Department of Botany, B N University, Udaipur (Raj). Received: 10 Oct 2018 / Accepted: 8 Nov 2018 / Published online: 1 Jan 2019 Corresponding Author Email: [email protected] Abstract Ethno-medicinal field study of functional foods with special reference to staple foods carried out in Southern Rajasthan reveals usage of seeds and grains of 16 plants deployed for seven different maladies among which 11 plants are used in diabetes. These staple foods are either consumed as flour / flour additives or boiled as rice. Quantitative analysis for four parameters viz. use value, percent fidelity level, relative index and relative frequency citation reveals maximum dispersion and use of Echinochloa crusgalli by all tribes while Echinochloa colonum and Ipomoea pes-tigridis attributes as a functional millet is least known in studied area. Keywords Southern Rajasthan, Millets, Use value, Percent fidelity level, Relative index, Relative frequency citation, Echinochloa crusgalli ***** INTRODUCTION supplement the diet but should also aid in the In modern voyage a large number of populations is prevention and / or treatment of disease and/or suffering from lifestyle mediated maladies. The disorder”. servings are continuously replaced by short span Among various foods, cereals and millets form an formative junk foods which lack healthy and important food profile as they form the staple food balanced nutritive schedules. -
UNDERSTANDING the ROLE of PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING BACTERIA on SORGHUM GROWTH and BIOTIC SUPPRESSION of Striga INFESTATION
University of Hohenheim Faculty of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Plant Production and Agroecology in the Tropics and Subtropics Section Agroecology in the Tropics and Subtropics Prof. Dr. J. Sauerborn UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING BACTERIA ON SORGHUM GROWTH AND BIOTIC SUPPRESSION OF Striga INFESTATION Dissertation Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of “Doktor der Agrarwissenschaften” (Dr. sc. agr./Ph.D. in Agricultural Sciences) to the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences presented by LENARD GICHANA MOUNDE Stuttgart, 2014 This thesis was accepted as a doctoral dissertation in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree “Doktor der Agrarwissenschaften” (Dr.sc.agr. / Ph.D. in Agricultural Sciences) by the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the University of Hohenheim on 9th December 2014. Date of oral examination: 9th December 2014 Examination Committee Supervisor and Reviewer: Prof. Dr. Joachim Sauerborn Co-Reviewer: Prof. Dr.Otmar Spring Additional Examiner: PD. Dr. Frank Rasche Head of the Committee: Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Rainer Mosenthin Dedication This thesis is dedicated to my beloved wife Beatrice and children Zipporah, Naomi and Abigail. i Author’s Declaration I, Lenard Gichana Mounde, hereby affirm that I have written this thesis entitled “Understanding the Role of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria on Sorghum Growth and Biotic suppression of Striga infestation” independently as my original work as part of my dissertation at the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences at the University of Hohenheim. No piece of work by any person has been included in this thesis without the author being cited, nor have I enlisted the assistance of commercial promotion agencies. -
Evolutionary Relationships in Eucalyptus Sens. Lat. – a Synopsis
Euclid - Online edition Evolutionary relationships in Eucalyptus sens. lat. – a synopsis This article complements the introductory essay about eucalypts included in the "Learn about Eucalypts" section. Its aim is to provide an up-to-date account of the outcomes of research derived from different groups during the past 5 years relating to relationships within Eucalyptus s.s. As such it includes only those publications and hypotheses relating to higher level relationships of major groupings within the eucalypts. Some of the research reported below also provides insights into biogeographic relationships of the eucalypt group – in large part these are not the focus of this article and are not discussed in detail. Introduction The first comprehensive classification of the eucalypts was published by Blakely in 1934, in which he treated more than 600 taxa, building on earlier work of Maiden and Mueller. Blakely's classification remained the critical reference for Eucalyptus taxonomists for the next 37 years when a new but informal classification was published by Pryor and Johnson (1971). In this work the authors divided the genus into seven subgenera, and although of an informal nature, presented a system of great advance on Blakely's treatment. The small genus Angophora was retained. The next 20 years saw much debate about the naturalness of Eucalyptus and whether other genera should be recognized (e.g., Johnson 1987). Based on morphological data, Hill and Johnson in 1995 proposed a split in the genus and recognition of the genus Corymbia. This new genus of c. 113 species, comprised the ghost gums and the bloodwoods, and Hill and Johnson concluded that Corymbia is the sister group to Angophora, with the synapomorphy of the distinctive cap cells on bristle glands (Ladiges 1984) being unambiguous. -
Appendix A. Supplementary Material
Appendix A. Supplementary material Comprehensive taxon sampling and vetted fossils help clarify the time tree of shorebirds (Aves, Charadriiformes) David Cernˇ y´ 1,* & Rossy Natale2 1Department of the Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago 60637, USA 2Department of Organismal Biology & Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago 60637, USA *Corresponding Author. Email: [email protected] Contents 1 Fossil Calibrations 2 1.1 Calibrations used . .2 1.2 Rejected calibrations . 22 2 Outgroup sequences 30 2.1 Neornithine outgroups . 33 2.2 Non-neornithine outgroups . 39 3 Supplementary Methods 72 4 Supplementary Figures and Tables 74 5 Image Credits 91 References 99 1 1 Fossil Calibrations 1.1 Calibrations used Calibration 1 Node calibrated. MRCA of Uria aalge and Uria lomvia. Fossil taxon. Uria lomvia (Linnaeus, 1758). Specimen. CASG 71892 (referred specimen; Olson, 2013), California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA. Lower bound. 2.58 Ma. Phylogenetic justification. As in Smith (2015). Age justification. The status of CASG 71892 as the oldest known record of either of the two spp. of Uria was recently confirmed by the review of Watanabe et al. (2016). The younger of the two marine transgressions at the Tolstoi Point corresponds to the Bigbendian transgression (Olson, 2013), which contains the Gauss-Matuyama magnetostratigraphic boundary (Kaufman and Brigham-Grette, 1993). Attempts to date this reversal have been recently reviewed by Ohno et al. (2012); Singer (2014), and Head (2019). In particular, Deino et al. (2006) were able to tightly bracket the age of the reversal using high-precision 40Ar/39Ar dating of two tuffs in normally and reversely magnetized lacustrine sediments from Kenya, obtaining a value of 2.589 ± 0.003 Ma.