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Home , Aesculus flava, Angelica atropurpurea, Asclepias, Athyrium asplenioides, Buxus microphylla, Calycanthus chinensis

3/1/2019

CITY OF ALEXANDRIA LISTS AND CANOPY COVERAGE ALLOWANCES

Locally Regionally Eastern U.S. Not Common Name CCA (SF) Notes Native Native Native Recommended

Abies balsamea Balsam Fir X X 500 Acer leucoderme Chalk X 1250 Acer negundo Boxelder X X X 1250 Acer nigrum Black Sugar Maple X X 1250 Acer pensylvanicum Striped Maple X X 500 Red maple X X X 1250 Acer saccharinum Silver Maple X X X X Plant has maintenance issues. Acer saccharum Sugar maple X X 1250 Acer spicatum Mountain Maple X X 500 flava Yellow Buckeye X X 750 Buckeye X X 1250 Red Buckeye X 500 Alnus incana Gray Alder X X 750 Alnus maritima Seaside Alder X X 500 Amelanchier arborea Downy Serviceberry X X X 500 Amelanchier canadensis Canadian Serviceberry X X X 500 Amelanchier laevis Smooth Serviceberry X X X 750 Asimina triloba Pawpaw X X X 750 Betula populifolia Gray Birch X 500 Betula alleghaniensis Yellow Birch X X 750 Betula lenta Black (Sweet) birch X X 750 Betula nigra River birch X X X 750 Betula papyrifera Paper Birch X X X Northern/mountain adapted. Carpinua betulus European Hornbeam 250 Carpinus caroliniana American Hornbeam X X X 500 Carya cordiformis Bitternut Hickory X X X 1250 Carya glabra Pignut Hickory X X X 750 Carya illinoinensis Pecan X 1250 Carya laciniosa Shellbark Hickory X X 1250 Carya ovata Shagbark Hickory X X 500 Carya tomentosa Mockernut Hickory X X X 750 Castanea dentata American Chestnut X X X X Not yet recommended due to Blight bignonioides Southern Catalpa X X 1250 Northern Catalpa X X Plant is aggressive. Cedrus atlantica Blue Atlas Cedar 750 Cedrus deodara Deodar Cedar 750 Celtis laevigata Sugarberry X X 1250 Celtis occidentalis Common hackberry X X X 1250 Celtis tenuifolia Dwarf Hackberry X X X 500 Cercis canadensis Eastern Redbud X X X 500 Atlantic White Cedar X X 250 Chionanthus virginicus Fringetree X X X 500 Cladrastis kentukea Yellowood X 1250 Cladrastis lutea American Yellowood X 750 Cornus alternifolia Alternateleaf Dogwood X X 500 Cornus Flowering Dogwood X X X 250 Cornus kousa Kousa Dogwood 250 Cotinus obovatus American Smoketree X 500 arcana Carolina Hawthorn X X 250 Crataegus calpodendron Pear Hawthorn X X X 250 Crataegus chrysocarpa Fireberry Hawthorn X X 250 Crataegus crus-galli Cockspur Hawthorn X X X 500 Crataegus dilatata Dotted Hawthorn X X 250 Crataegus holmesiana Holmes' Hawthorn X X 250 Crataegus macrosperma Big-Fruited Hawthorn X X X 250 Crataegus mollis Downy Hawthorn X 500 Crataegus phaenopyrum Hawthorn X X X 500 Crataegus pringlei Pringle's Hawthorn X X 250 Crataegus pruinosa Waxyfruit Hawthorn X X X 250 Dotted Hawthorn X X 250 Crataegus spathulata Littlehip Hawthorn X X 250 Crataegus succulenta Fleshy Hawthorn X X 250 Crataegus uniflora Dwarf Hawthorn X X 500 Crataegus viridis Green Hawthorn X X X 500 Cryptomeria japonica Japanese Cryptomeria 250 Cupressocyparis leylandii Leyland Cypress 250 Diospyros virginiana Persimmon X X X 750 Fagus grandifolia American Beech X X X 1250 Fraxinus americana White ash X X X X Emerald Ash Borer Fraxinus nigra Black Ash X X X Emerald Ash Borer Fraxinus pennsylvanica Green ash X X X X Emerald Ash Borer Fraxinus quadrangulata Blue Ash X X X Emerald Ash Borer Ginkgo biloba Maidenhair 750 Gleditsia aquatica Locust X 500 Gleditsia triacanthos Honey Locust X X X 750 Gymnocladus dioicus Kentucky Coffeetree X X 1250 carolina Carolina Silverbell X 250 Halesia diptera Silverbell X 250 Halesia tetraptera Mountain Silverbell X X 250 Ilex opaca American Holly X X X 250 Ilex x attenuate Foster Holly 250 Ilex x Nellie R. Stevens Nellie Stevens Holly 250 Juglans cinerea Butternut X X 1250 Juglans nigra Black Walnut X X X 1250 Eastern Red Cedar X X X 250 Lagerstroemia indica Crepe Myrtle 250 American Larch X X X Northern/mountain adapted. Liquidambar styraciflua Sweetgum X X X 1250 tulipfera Tulip Tree X X X 1250

Page 1 3/1/2019

Locally Regionally Eastern U.S. Not Botanical Name Common Name CCA (SF) Notes Native Native Native Recommended

Magnolia acuminata Cucumbertree X X 1250 Magnolia ashei Ashe's Magnolia X 250 Fraser's Magnolia X X 500 Southern Magnolia X 500 Bigleaf Magnolia X X 500 Magnolia stellata Star Magnolia 250 Magnolia tripetala Umbrella Magnolia X X 500 Sweetbay Magnolia X X X 250 Magnolia x soulangiana Saucer Mangolia 500 coronaria Wild Crabapple X X X 500 Metasequoia glyptostroboides Dawn Redwood 500 Morus rubra Red Mulberry X X X 750 Nyssa aquatica Water Tupelo X X 750 Nyssa ogeche Ogeechee Tupelo X 500 Black-gum X X X 750 Ostrya virginiana Hophornbeam X X 500 Oxydendrum arboreum Sourwood X X 500 Norway 500 Picea glauca White Spruce X 250 Shortleaf X X X 750 Pinus pungens Prickly Pine X X 250 Pinus resinosa Red Pine X X 750 Pinus rigida Pitch Pine X X X 750 White pine X X X Northern/mountain range adapted. Loblolly Pine X X 750 Pinus virginiana Pine X X X 500 Pistacia chinensis Chinese Pistache 500 Platanus occidentalis Sycamore X X X 1250 Platanus x acerfolia London Plane Tree 1250 Populus deltoides Eastern Cottonwood X X X 1250 Populus grandidentata Bigtooth Aspen X X X X Northern/mountain range adapted. alleghaniensis Allegheny Plum X X 500 Prunus americana American Wild Plum X X 500 Prunus angustifolia Chickasaw Plum X X 500 Prunus pensylvanica Pin Cherry X X 500 Prunus sargentii Sargent Cherry 500 Prunus serotina Wild Black Cherry X X X 750 Prunus serrulata Flowering Cherry 500 Prunus virginiana Chokecherry X X 500 Ptelea trifoliata Hoptree X X 250 Quercus alba White X X X 1250 Quercus bicolor Swamp White Oak X X X 1250 Quercus coccinea Scarlet Oak X X X 1250 Quercus falcata Southern Red Oak X X X 1250 Quercus imbricaria Shingle Oak X X 1250 Quercus laurifolia Swamp Laurel Oak X X 750 Quercus lyrata Overcup Oak X X 1250 Quercus macrocarpa Bur Oak X X 1250 Quercus marilandica Blackjack Oak X X X 750 Quercus michauxii Swamp Chestnut Oak X X X 1250 Quercus Chestnut Oak X X X 1250 Chinkapin Oak X X 1250 Quercus nigra Water Oak X X 1250 Quercus pagodifolia Cherrybark Oak X 1250 Quercus palustris Pin Oak X X X 1250 Quercus phellos Willow Oak X X X 1250 Quercus prinoides Dwarf Chinquapin Oak X X 500 Quercus rubra Northern Red Oak X X X 1250 Quercus shumardii Shumard Oak X X 1250 Quercus stellata Post Oak X X X 1250 Black Oak X X X 1250 Quercus virginiana Live Oak X 1250 Rhus typhina Staghorn Sumac X X X 250 Robinia pseudoacacia Black Locust X X X X Plant is aggressive. Salix nigra Black Willow X X X 750 Sassafras albidum Sassafras X X X 1250 Northern/mountain adapted, disease prone in Sorbus americana American Mountainash X X X humid environs pseudocamellia Japanese Stewartia 500 Syringia reticulate Tree Lilac 250 Taxodium distichum Bald Cypress X X 750 Thuja occidentalis Arborvitae X X 250 Tilia americana American Basswood X X X 1250 Tilia cordata Littleleaf Linden 1250 Tilia tomentosa Silverleaf Linden 1250 Eastern Hemlock X X 500 Tsuga carolinia Carolina Hemlock X X 500 Ulmus americana American X X 1250 Dutch Elm resistant varieties only Ulmus rubra Slippery Elm X X X 1250 Ulmus thomasii Cork Elm X X 750

EVERGREEN

Locally Regionally Eastern U.S. Not Botanical Name Common Name CCA (SF) Notes Native Native Native Recommended

Abelia grandiflora Glossy Abelia 10 Semi-evergreen Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Kinnikinnick X 10 microphylla Littleleaf Boxwood 2 Buxus sempervirens Common Boxwood X Subject to boxwood blight. Buxus sinica Korean Boxwood 10 Chamaecyparis obtusa Hinoki Cypress 50

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Locally Regionally Eastern U.S. Not Botanical Name Common Name CCA (SF) Notes Native Native Native Recommended Cephalotaxus harringtonia Japanese Plum Yew 25 Cotoneaster dammeri Bearberry Cotoneaster 10 Euonymus americanus American Strawberry-bush X X X 10 Semi-evergreen brachycera Box Huckleberry X X 10 Ilex glabra Inkberry X X 25 Yaupon Holly X X 25 Illicium floridanum Florida Anise X 10 Illicium parviflorum Yellow Anise X 10 Juniperus communis Common Juniper X X 10 Kalmia angustifolia Sheeplaurel X X X Northern/mountain range adapted. Mountain Laurel X X X X Northern/mountain range adapted. axillaris Coastal Doghobble X X 10 Leucothoe recurva Recurved Fetterbush X X 2 Morella caroliniensis Southern Bayberry X X 25 Semi-evergreen Morella cerifera Wax Myrtle X X 25 Myrica pennsylvanica Northern Bayberry X X 25 Semi-evergreen Pieris floribunda Mountain Pieris X X 10 Pieris japonica Japanese Pieris 25 Rhododendron catawbiense Catawba Rosebay X X X Northern/mountain range adapted. Wild Rhododendron X X X Northern/mountain range adapted. Sarcococca hookeriana Sweetbox 10 Taxus canadensis American Yew X X 25 Taxus baccata English Yew 25 pulverulenta Dusty Zenobia X 25 Semi-evergreen

DECIDUOUS SHRUBS

Locally Regionally Eastern U.S. Not Botanical Name Common Name CCA (SF) Notes Native Native Native Recommended

Aesculus pavia Red Buckeye X 50 Alnus serrulata Smooth Alder X X X 25 Amelanchier bartramiana Oblong-fruited Serviceberry X X 50 Amelanchier sanguinea Roundleaf Serviceberry X X 50 Amelanchier spicata Thicket Shadbush X 10 Amelanchier stolonifera Low Serviceberry X X 10 Amorpha canescens Leadplant X 2 Amorpha fruticosa False Indigo X X X 25 Andromeda polifolia Rosemary X X 2 Aralia spinosa Devil's Walking-stick X X X 25 Aronia arbutifolia Red Chokeberry X X X 10 Aronia floribunda Purple Chokeberry X X 10 Aronia melanocarpa Black Chokeberry X X 10 Baccharis halimifolia Eastern Baccharis X X X 25 Berberis canadensis American Barberry X X X Plant is aggressive. Callicarpa americana American Beautyberry X X 10 chinensis Chinese Sweetshrub 25 Carolina Allspice X X 25 Carylopsis pauciflora Winterhazel 10 Caryopteris clandonensis Bluebeard 2 Castanea pumila Allegheny Chinquapin X X X 50 Ceanothus americanus Tea X X X 10 Cephalanthus occidentalis Buttonbush X X X 10 Chaenomeles japonica Floweringquince 10 Chaenomeles speciosa Floweringquince 10 acuminata Cinnamon Summersweet X 10 Sweet Pepperbush X X 10 Clethra tomentosa Wooly Summersweet X 10 Comptonia peregrina Sweetfern X X 10 Cornus alternifolia Pagoda Dogwood X X 50 Cornus amomum Silky Dogwood X X X 50 Cornus racemosa Panicled Dogwood X X 25 Cornus sericea Red-osier Dogwood X X 25 Corylus americana American Hazelnut X X X 25 Corylus cornuta Beaked Hazel X X 10 Crataegus disperma Spreading Hawthorn X X 10 Crataegus uniflora Dwarf Hawthorn X X 10 Decodon verticillatus Swamp Loosestrife X X 25 Deuitzia gracilis Slender Deuitzia 10 Diervilla lonicera Bushhoneysuckle X X 10 Dirca palustris Leatherwood X X 10 racemosa Fetterbush X X 2 Euonymus atropurpurea American Burning Bush X X 50 Forsythia ovata Korean Forsythia 10 Forsythia suspensa Forsythia 10 Forsythia x intermedia Forsythia 10 Fothergilla gardenii Dwarf Fothergilla X 2 Fothergilla major Large Witch-Alder X 25 Gaylussacia baccata Black Huckleberry X X X 2 Dwarf Huckleberry X X 2 Dangleberry X X X 2 Hamamelis vernalis Vernal Witchhazel X 50 Hamamelis virginiana Witchhazel X X X 50 Hydrangea arborescens Wild Hydrangea X X X 10 Hydrangea macrophylla Bigleaf Hydrangea 10 Hydrangea paniculata Panicale Hydrangea 25 Oakleaf Hydrangea X 25 Hypericum prolificum Shrubby St. John's Wort X X 2 Ilex decidua Possumhaw X X 25 Ilex verticillata Winterberry Holly X X X 25 Itea virginica Virginia Sweetspire X X X 10 Leucothoe axillaris Coastal Dog-Hobble X X 10

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Locally Regionally Eastern U.S. Not Botanical Name Common Name CCA (SF) Notes Native Native Native Recommended

Lindera benzoin Spicebush X X X 25 Lyonia ligustrina Maleberry X X X 25 Shining Fetterbush X 10 Menziesia pilosa Minnie-bush X X 10 Philadelphus inodorus Appalachian Mock- X X 10 Physocarpus opulifolius Common Ninebark X X 10 Scrub Oak X X 50 Rhamnus caroliniana Carolina Buckthorn X 25 Rhamnus lanceolata Lanceleaf Buckthorn X X 25 Rhododendron arborescens Smooth X X 25 Rhododendron atlanticum Dwarf Azalea X X 10 Rhododendron calendulaceum Flame Azalea X X 10 Rhododendron canescens Mountain Azalea X X 25 Rhododendron periclymenoides Pinxterflower X X X 10 Rhododendron prinophyllum Azalea X X 10 Rhododendron viscosum Swamp Azalea X X X 10 Rhus aromatica Fragrant Sumac X X X 25 Rhus copallinum Winged Sumac X X X 25 Rhus glabra Smooth Sumac X X X 25 Ribes aureum Buffalo Currant X 10 Ribes missouriense Gooseberry X 10 Robinia hispida Bristly Locust X X 25 Rosa blanda Smooth Rose X X 25 Rosa carolina Pasture Rose X X X 25 Rosa palustris Swamp Rose X X X 10 Rosa setigera Prairie Rose X X 25 Rosa virginiana Virginia Rose X X 2 Rubus occidentalis Black Raspberry X X X 10 Rubus odoratus Purple-flowering Raspberry X 10 Salix caroliniana Carolina Willow X X X 50 Salix eriocephala Heartleaf Willow X X X 25 Salix humilis Prairie Willow X X 2 Salix lucida Shining Willow X X 50 Salix sericea Silky Willow X X X 10 Sambucus canadensis Common Elderberry X X X 25 Sambucus racemosa Red Elderberry X X 25 Spiraea alba Meadowsweet X X 10 Spiraea prunifolia Bridalwreath Spiraea 10 Staphylea trifolia Bladdernut X X X 25 Stewartia malacodendron Silky X X 10 Stewartia ovata Mountain Camellia X 10 Styrax americanus American Snowbell X X 25 Symphoricarpos albus Snowberry X X 10 Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Indiancurrant Coralberry X X 25 corymbosum Highbush Blueberry X X X 25 Vaccinium pallidum Early Lowbush Blueberry X X X 10 Vaccinium stamineum Deerberry X X X 10 Viburnum acerifolium Mapleleaf Viburnum X X X 10 Viburnum carlesii Korean Spice Viburnum 10 Viburnum dentatum Southern Arrowwood X X X 25 Viburnum lentago Nannyberry X X 25 Viburnum molle Kentucky Viburnum X 25 Viburnum nudum Possum-haw Viburnum X X X 25 Viburnum prunifolium Blackhaw Viburnum X X X 25 Viburnum rafinesquianum Downy Arrowwood X X 10 Viburnum recognitum Smooth Arrowwood X X X 10 Viburnum rufidulum Rusty Blackhaw Viburnum X X 50 Viburnum trilobum American Cranberrybush Viburnum X 50 Xanthorhiza simplicissima Yellowroot X X 2 Zanthoxylum americanum Toothache Tree X X 25

GROUNDCOVERS

Locally Regionally Eastern U.S. Not Botanical Name Common Name Notes Native Native Native Recommended

Anemone americana Roundleaf Liverleaf X X Anemone canadensis Anemone X X Asarum canadense Wild Ginger X X X Japanese Camellia Camellia oleifera Tea Oil Plant Cardamine pensylvanica Bittercress X X X Convallaria majuscula American Lily-of-the-Valley X X Diodia virginiana Virginia Buttonweed X X X Elephantopus carolinianus Carolina Elephant's Foot X X X Erigeron pulchellus Robin's Plantain X X Fragaria virginiana Wild Strawberry X X X Gaultheria procumbens Wintergreen X X Hylotelephium telephioides Allegheny Stonecrop X X Juniperus horizontalis Creeping Juniper X Juniperus procumbens Japanese Garden Juniper Lespedeza procumbens Trailing Bush-clover X X X Lespedeza repens Creeping Bush-clover X X X Mitchella repens Partridge- X X X Ophiopogon japonicus Mondo Grass Opuntia humifusa Eastern Prickly-pear X X X Oxalis violacea Violet -sorrel X X X Pachysandra procumbens Allegheny Spurge X X Packera aurea Golden Ragwort X X X Phlox divaricata Wild Blue Phlox X X X Podophyllum peltatum Mayapple X X X Porteranthus stipulatus American Ipecac X X

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Locally Regionally Eastern U.S. Not Botanical Name Common Name CCA (SF) Notes Native Native Native Recommended

Porteranthus trifoliatus Bowman's X X canadensis Dwarf Cinquefoil X X X Common Cinquefoil X X X rotundifolia Round-leaved Violet X X Common Blue Violet X X X

PERENNIALS

Locally Regionally Eastern U.S. Not Botanical Name Common Name Notes Native Native Native Recommended

Aconitum reclinatum White Monkshood X X Aconitum uncinatum Blue Monkshood X X X Acorus calamus Sweet Flag X X Actaea pachypoda White Baneberry X X Actaea podocarpa Mountain Bugbane X X Actaea racemosa Common Black Cohosh X X X Agalinis purpurea Purple Fals Foxglove X X Agastache nepetoides Yello Giant Hyssop X X Agastache scrophulariifolia Purple Giant Hyssop X X White Snakeroot X X X Ageratina aromatica Lesser Snakeroot X X X Agrimonia gryposepala Tall Agrimony X X Agrimonia pubescens Soft Agrimony X X Agrimonia rostellata Woodland Agrimony X X X Agrimonia striata Striate Agrimony X X Aletris farinosa Colicroot X X Alisma subcordatum Common Water Plantain X X X Allium allegheniense Allegheny Wild Onion X X Allium burdickii Narrow- Wild Leek X X Allium cernuum Wild Onion X X Allium oxyphilum Nodding Wild Onion X X Ramps X X Amsonia ciliata Fringed Bluestar X Amsonia hubrichtii Hubricht's Bluestar X Amsonia illustris Ozark Bluestar X Amsonia tabernaemontana Eastern Bluestar X X Anaphalis margaritacea Pearly Everlasting X X Anemone canadensis Canadian Anemone X Anemone quinquefolia Wood Anemone X X X Anemone virginiana Tall Anemone X X atropurpurea Purple Angelica X X Angelica triquinata Mountain Angelica X X Angelica venenosa Hairy Angelica X X X Antennaria neglecta Field Pussytoes X X X Antennaria parlinii Parlin's Pussytoes X X X Antennaria plantaginifolia Plantain-leaved Pussytoes X X X Apocynum androsaemifolium Spreading Dogbane X X Apocynum cannabinum Indian Hemp X X X Aquilegia canadensis Wild or Eastern Red Columbine X X Aralia nudicaulis Wild Sarsaparilla X X X Aralia racemosa American Spikenard X X X Arisaema triphyllum Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit X X X Arnoglossum atriplicifolium Pale Indian-plantain X X X Aruncus dioicus Goat's Beard X X Asarum canadense Canadian Wild Ginger X X X amplexicaulis Clasping Milkweed X X X Poke Milkweed X X Green Milkweed X X Swamp Milkweed X X X Common Milkweed X X X Butterfly Milkweed X X X Whorled Milkweed X X Green-flowered Milkweed X X X Astilbe biternata False Goat's Beard X X Astragalus canadensis Canadian Milkvetch X X Aureolaria flava Smooth Yellow False Foxglove X X Requires oak trees nearby Aureolaria grandiflora False Foxglove X Aureolaria laevigata Entire Leaved False Foxglove X X Requires oak trees nearby Baptisia australis Blue False Indigo X X Baptisia tinctoria Yellow Wild-Indigo X X X Blephilia ciliata Downy Woodmint X X Blephilia hirsuta Hairy Woodmint X X Blephilia subnuda Cumberland Pagoda-Plant X X Boltonia asteroides -like Boltonia X X Boykinia aconitifolia Allegheny Brookfoam X X False Boneset X X Caltha palustris Yellow Marsh Marigold X X Camassia scilloides Wild Hyacinth X X Campanulastrum americanum American Bellflower X X Cardamine bulbosa Bulbous Bittercress X X X Cardamine concatenata Toothwort X X X Caulophyllum thalictroides Blue Cohosh X X Chamaecrista fasciculata Common Partridge Pea X X X Chamaecrista nictitans Wild Sensitive Plant X X X Chamerion angustifolium Fireweed X X Chasmanthium latifolium Wood Oats X X X Chelone glabra White Turtlehead X X X Chimaphila maculata Striped Wintergreen X X X Chimaphila umbellata Pipsissewa X X X Chrysogonum virginianum Green and Gold X X Chrysopsis mariana Golden-aster X X X

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Locally Regionally Eastern U.S. Not Botanical Name Common Name CCA (SF) Notes Native Native Native Recommended

Cirsium discolor Field Thistle X X X Claytonia virginica Virginia Spring Beauty X X X albicoma Whitehaired Leatherflower X X Clinopodium vulgare Wild Basil X X X borealis Blue-Bead Lily X X Clintonia umbellulata White Blue-Bead Lily X X Clitoria mariana Maryland Butterfly Pea X X X Collinsonia canadensis Richweed X X X Conoclinium coelestinum Mistflower X X X auriculata Running Tickseed X X Coreopsis lanceolata Lance-leaved Coreopsis X X Coreopsis major Wood Tickseed X X Coreopsis pubescens Hairy Tickseed X X Coreopsis tripteris Tall Coreopsis X X X X X Coreopsis verticillata Whorled or Threadleaf Coreopsis Dalibarda repens Star-Violet X X Delphinium carolinianum Carolina Larkspur X Delphinium tricorne Dwarf Larkspur X X Desmodium canescens Hoary Ticktrefoil X X X Desmodium illinoense Ticktrefoil X X X X Desmodium marilandicum Smooth Small-leaved Ticktrefoil Desmodium nuttallii Nuttall's Ticktrefoil X X Desmodium obtusum Stiff Ticktrefoil X X Desmodium paniculatum Narrow-leaf Tick Trefoil X X X Desmodium perplexum Perplexing Tick-Trefoil X X X Desmodium rotundifolium Prostrate Ticktrefoil X X Dicentra cucullaria Dutchman's breeches X X X Dicentra eximia Bleeding Heart X X Dodecatheon meadia Shooting Star X X Doellingeria umbellata Flat-topped Aster X X X Echinacea pallida Pale Purple Coneflower X Echinacea purpurea Purple Coneflower X X Elephantopus carolinianus Carolina Elephant’s foot X X X Epilobium ciliatum Fringed Willowherb X X Epilobium coloratum Purple-leaved Willowherb X X X Epilobium leptophyllum Linear-leaved Willowherb X X Equisetum hyemale Tall Scouring Rush X X Eragrostis spectabilis Purple Lovegrass X X X Erigeron pulchellus Robin's Plantain X X Eriogonum allenii Yellow Buckwheat X X Erythronium americanum Trout Lily X X X album White Thoroughwort X X Tall Thoroughwort X X X Eupatorium dubium Three-Nerved Joe Pye-weed X X Eupatorium fistulosum Hollow Joe Pye-weed X X X Hyssop-leaf Thoroughwort X X X Eupatorium maculatum Spotted Joe Pye-weed X X Eupatorium perfoliatum Boneset X X X Eupatorium purpureum Green-stemmed Joe Pye-weed X X Eupatorium rotundifolium Roundleaf Thoroughwort X X X Late-Flowering Thoroughwort X X X Upland Boneset X X X Eupatorium torreyanum Torry’s Thoroughwort X X X Euphorbia corollata Flowering Spurge X X X chlorolepis Mountain Wood Aster X X Eurybia divaricatus White Wood Aster X X X Eurybia macrophylla Bigleaf Aster X X Eurybia radula Low Rough Aster X X Eurybia schreberi Schreber's Aster X X Euthamia graminifolia Grass-leaved Goldenrod X X X Galium circaezans Licorice Bedstraw X X X Galium lanceolatum Lance-leaved Bedstraw X X alba Yellow Gentian X X Bottle Gentian X X Closed Gentian X X X Gentiana decora Showy Gentian X X Gentiana linearis Narrow-leaved Gentian X X Gentiana villosa Striped Gentian X X X Geranium maculatum Wild Geranium X X X Goodyera pubescens Downy Rattlesnake-plantain X X X Helenium autumnale Common Sneezeweed X X X Helenium flexuosum Purple Sneezeweed X X X Helianthemum bicknellii Hoary Frostweed X X angustifolius Narrow-leaved Sunflower X X X Helianthus decapetalus Ten-petaled Sunflower X X X Woodland Sunflower X X X Helianthus giganteus Tall Sunflower X X X Helianthus hirsutus Hairy Sunflower X X Helianthus laevigatus Smooth Sunflower X X Pale-leaved Sunflower X X X Helianthus tuberosus Jerusalem Artichoke X X Heliopsis helianthoides Oxeye Sunflower X X X Hepatica americana Round-lobed Hepatica X X X Hepatica noblis Heptica X X Heuchera americana American Alumroot X X Heuchera longiflora Long-Flowered Alumroot X X Heuchera parviflora Small-Flowered Alumroot X X Heuchera pubescens Downy Alumroot X X Heuchera villosa Hairy Alumroot X X

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Locally Regionally Eastern U.S. Not Botanical Name Common Name CCA (SF) Notes Native Native Native Recommended

Hexastylis heterophylla Variable Heartleaf X X Hexastylis virginica Virginia Heartleaf X X X Hibiscus moscheutos Swamp Rose-mallow X X X Houstonia caerulea Common Bluets X X Houstonia longifolia Summer Bluets X X Hydrophyllum virginianaum Virginia Waterleaf X X Hylotelephium telephioides Allegheny Stonecrop X X Hypericum mitchellianum Blue Ridge St. Johns-wort X X Hypericum prolificum Shrubby St. Johns-wort X X Hypericum punctatum Dotted St. Johns-wort X X X Lonactis linariifolius Stiff-leaf Aster X X cristata Dwarf Crested Iris X X Iris versicolor Harlequin Bluefag X X Iris virginica Virginia or Southern Blueflag X X Jeffersonia diphylla Twinleaf X X Juncus effusus Common Rush X X X Juncus tenuis Path Rush X X X Lespedeza virginica Slender Lespedeza X X X Liatris aspera Rough Blazing Star X X Liatris helleri Heller's Blazing Star X X Liatris pauciflora Few-Flowered Gayfeather X X Liatris pilosa Grass-leaved Blazing Star X X X Liatris pycnostchya Prarie Blazing Star X Liatris scariosa Large Blazing Star X X Liatris spheroidea Spherical Blazing Star X X Liatris spicata Spiked Blazing Star X X X Liatris squarrosa Scaly Blazing Star X X Lilium canadense Canada Lily X X Carolina Lily X X Wood Lily X X Lilium superbum Turk’s-cap Lily X X X Linum lewisii Prairie Flax X X X Linum striatum Ridged Yellow Flax X X Linum virginianum Woodland Yellow Flax X X Lobelia cardinalis Cardinal X X X Lobelia siphilitica Great Blue Lobelia X X Lupinus perennis Sundial Lupine X X Lycopus virginicus Virginia Bugleweed X X X Lysimachia ciliata Fringed Loosestrife X X X Lysimachia lanceolata Lanceleaf Loosestrife X X Lysimachia quadrifolia Whorled Loosestrife X X Lysimachia tonsa Southern Yellow Loosestrife X X Maianthemum canadense Canada Mayflower X X X Maianthemum racemosum Eastern Solomon's-plume X X X Marshallia grandiflora Barbara's Buttons X X Medeola virginiana Indian -root X X X Melanthium virginicum Virginia Bunchflower X X Mentha arvensis Wild Mint X X X Mertensia virginica Virginia Bluebell X X Micranthes virginiensis Early Saxifrage X X X Mimulus alatus Winged Monkeyflower X X X X X X Mimulus ringens Square-stemmed Monkeyflower Monarda bradburiana Horsemint X X Monarda citriodora Lemon Beebalm X Monarda didyma Scarlet Beebalm X X Monarda fistulosa Wild Bergamot X X X Monarda media Purple Bergamot X X canadensis Blue Toadflax X X X Oenothera biennis Common Evening Primrose X X X Oenothera fruticosa Narrow-leaf Sundrops X X X Oenothera gaura Biennial Gaura X X X Oenothera laciniata Cut-leaved Evening Primrose X X Oenothera macrocarpa Bigfruit Evening Primrose X Oenothera parviflora Northern Evening Primrose X X Oenothera perennis Sundrops X X Oligoneuron rigidum Stiff Goldenrod X X Opuntia humifusa Eastern Prickly-pear X X Osmorhiza claytonii Sweet Cicely X X X Oxalis violacea Violet Wood Sorrell X X X Packera aurea Golden Ragwort X X X Peltandra virginica Arrow Arum X X X Penstemon canescens Gray Penstemon X X Penstemon digitalis Foxglove Beard-tongue X X X Penstemon hirsutus Hairy Beardtongue X X Penstemon laevigatus Smooth Beard-tongue X X X Penstemon pallidus Short- Beardtongue X X Phlox divaricata Wild Blue Phlox X X X Phlox maculata Meadow Phlox X X X Phlox paniculata Fall or Garden Phlox X X X Phlox stolonifera Creeping Flox X X Phlox subulata Moss Phlox X X Physostegia virginiana Obedient-plant X X X Podophyllum peltatum May Apple X X X Polemonium reptans Spreading Jacob's Ladder X X Polygonatum biflorum Solomon's Seal X X X Polygonatum pubescens Downy Solomon's Seal X X Pontederia cordata Pickerelweed X X X Pycnanthemum incanum Hoary Mountain Mint X X Pycnanthemum pycnanthemoides Southern Mountain Mint X X Pycnanthemum tenuifolium Narrow-leaf Mountain-mint X X X

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Locally Regionally Eastern U.S. Not Botanical Name Common Name CCA (SF) Notes Native Native Native Recommended

Pycnanthemum verticillatum Hairy Mountain Mint X X Pycnanthemum virginianum Virginia Mountain Mint X X Rhexia virginica Virginia Meadow Beauty X X X Rudbeckia fulgida Orange Coneflower X X Black-eyed Susan X X X Rudbeckia laciniata Cut-leaf Coneflower X X X Rudbeckia triloba Three-lobed Coneflower X X Ruellia caroliniensis Carolina Wild-petunia X X Sabatia angularis Rose Pink X X Salvia lyrata Lyre-leaf Sage X X X Sanguinaria canadensis Bloodroot X X X Saururus cernuus Lizard's-tail X X X Scirpus atrovirens Green Bulrush X X Scirpus cyperinus Woolgrass X X X Scutellaria elliptica Hairy Skullcap X X X Scutellaria integrifolia Hyssop Skullcap X X X Sedum ternatum Wild Stonecrop X X Senna marilandica Maryland Wild Senna X X Sericocarpus linifolius Narrow-leaf White-top Aster X X X Serococarpus asteroides Toothed White-topped Aster X X X Silene caroliniana Wild Pink X X X Silene rotundifolia Roundleaf Catchfly X X Silphium compositum Rosinweed X X Silphium perfoliatum Cup Plant X X Silphium trifoliatum Whorled Rosinweed X X X Sisyrinchium albidum White Blue-eyed Grass X X Sisyrinchium angustifolium Narrow-leaved Blue-eyed Grass X X X Sisyrinchium atlanticum Eastern Blue-eyed Grass X X Sisyrinchium mucronatum Blue-eyed Grass X X altissima Tall Goldenrod X X X Solidago arguta Cutleaf Goldenrod X X Solidago bicolor White Goldenrod X X X Solidago caesia Blue-stemmed Goldenrod X X X Solidago canadensis Canada Goldenrod X X Solidago curtisii Curtis' Goldenrod X X Solidago erecta Erect Goldenrod X X X Solidago faucibus Gorge Goldenrod X X Solidago flexicaulis Zig-zag Goldenrod X X Late Goldenrod X X X Solidago gracillima Virginia Goldenrod X X Solidago hispida Hispid Goldenrod X X Solidago juncea Early Goldenrod X X X Solidago latissimifolia Elliott's Goldenrod X X Solidago nemoralis Gray Goldenrod X X X Solidago odora Sweet Goldenrod X X X Solidago patula Rough Goldenrod X X Solidago petiolaris Downy Ragged Goldenrod X X Solidago rugosa Rough-stemmed Goldenrod X X X Solidago speciosa Showy Goldenrod X X Solidago sphacelata False Goldenrod X X Solidago squarrosa Stout Goldenrod X X Solidago ulmifolia Elm-leaved Goldenrod X X X Sparganium americanum American Bur-reed X X X Sparganium eurycarpum Giant Bur-reed X X X Spiranthes cernua Nodding Ladies' Tresses X X X Stachys aspera Rough Hedge-nettle X X Stachys tenuifolia Smooth Hedgenettle X X Stellaria pubera Star Chickweed X X X Stylophorum diphyllum Celadine Poppy X X Symphyotrichum cordifolium Blue Wood Aster X X Symphyotrichum dumosum Bushy Aster X X X Symphyotrichum lateriflorum Calico Aster X X X Symphyotrichum novae-angliae Aster X X X Symphyotrichum novi-belgii Aster X X Symphyotrichum patens Late Purple Aster X X X Symphyotrichum puniceum Purple-stem Aster X X X Symphyotrichum undulatum Wavy-leaved Aster X X X Symplocarpus foetidus Skunk Cabbage X X X Teucrium canadense American Germander X X X Thalictrum dioicum Early Meadow Rue X X X Thalictrum pubescens Common Tall Meadow Rue X X X Thalictrum thalictroides Rue Anemone X X X Tiarella cordifolia Heart-leaved Foamflower X X Tradescantia ohiensis Ohio Spiderwort X X Tradescantia subaspera Zig-zag Spiderwort X X Tradescantia virginiana Virginia Spiderwort X X Trichostema dichotomum Common Blue Curls X X X Triosteum aurantiacum Horsegentian X X Uvularia perfoliata Perfoliate Bellwort X X X Uvularia sessilifolia Sessile Bellwort X X X Verbena hastata Blue Vervain X X X Verbesina alternifolia Wingstem X X X Vernonia glauca Upland Ironweed X X X Vernonia noveboracensis New York Ironweed X X X Veronicastrum virginicum Culver's-root X X Viola conspersa American Dog Violet X X Viola cucullata Marsh Blue Violet X X Viola hastata Halberd-leaf Violet X X Viola pedata ’s-foot Violet X X Viola rostrata Long-spurred Violet X X Viola sagittata Arrow-leaved Violet X X

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Locally Regionally Eastern U.S. Not Botanical Name Common Name CCA (SF) Notes Native Native Native Recommended

Viola striata Striped Violet X X filamentosa Adam's Needle X X Zizia aurea Golden-alexanders X X X

FERNS

Locally Regionally Eastern U.S. Not Botanical Name Common Name Notes Native Native Native Recommended Adiantum pedatum Maidenhair X X ×ebenoides Walking Spleenwort X X Asplenium montanum Mountain Spleenwort X X Asplenium pinnatifidum Pinnated Spleenwort X X Asplenium platyneuron Ebony Spleenwort X X X Asplenium resiliens Black-Stemmed Spleenwort X X Asplenium rhizophyllum Walking Fern X X Asplenium trichomanes Maidenhair Spleenwort X X asplenioides Southern Lady Fern X X X Athyrium felix -femina Lady Fern X Botrychium biternatum Southern Grapefern X X Botrychium dissectum Cutleaf Grapefern X X X Botrychium multifidum Leathery Grapefern X X Botrychium virginianum Rattlesnake Fern X X X Cheilanthes lanosa Hairy Lipfern X X Comptonia peregrina Sweet-fern X X Dennstaedtia punctilobula Hay-scented Fern X X X Dryopteris ×neowherryi Susquehanna Wood Fern X X Dryopteris carthusiana Spinulose Wood Fern X X X Dryopteris cristata Crested Shield Fern X X Dryopteris goldiana Goldie's Wood Fern X X Dryopteris intermedia Evergreen Wood Fern X X X Dryopteris marginalis Marginal Wood Fern X X X Matteuccia struthiopteris Ostrich Fern X X Onoclea sensibilis Sensitive Fern X X X Osmunda cinnamomea Cinnamon Fern X X X Osmunda claytoniana Interrupted Fern X X Osmunda spectabilis Royal Fern X X X Parathelypteris noveboracensis New York Fern X X X Phegopteris connectilis Long Beech Fern X X Phegopteris hexagonoptera Broad Breech Fern X X X appalachianum Polypody Fern X X Common Polypody Fern X X Polystichum acrostichoides Christmas fern X X X Pteridium aquilinum Bracken Fern X X X Thelypteris palustris Marsh Fern X X X Woodwardia areolata Netted Chain Fern X X X Woodwardia virginica Virginia Chain Fern X X X

ORNAMENTAL GRASSES

Locally Regionally Eastern U.S. Not Botanical Name Common Name Notes Native Native Native Recommended

Agrostis hyemalis Winter Bentgrass X X Agrostis perennans Autumn Bentgrass X X X Agrostis scabra Rough Bentgrass X X Ammophila breviligulata American Beachgrass X X Andropogon gerardii Big Bluestem Andropogon glomeratus Bushy Bluestem Andropogon ternarius Splitbeard Bluestem X X X Andropogon virginicus Broomsedge X X X Aristida oligantha Prairie Three-awn Grass X X Aristida purpurascens Arrowfeather Three-awn Grass X X Arundinaria gigantea Wild Cane Arundinaria tecta Switch Cane Bolboschoenus fluviatilis River Bulrush X X X Bouteloua curtipendula Sideoats Grama X X Brachyelytrum erectum Bearded Shorthusk X X X Bromus ciliatus Fringed Bromegrass X X Calamagrostis canadensis Bluejoint Reedgrass X X Carex alata Broad-winged Sedge X X X Carex amphibola Eastern Narrow-leaved Sedge X X X Carex annectens Yellow-fruited Sedge X X X Carex blanda Eastern Woodland Sedge X X X Carex comosa Bottlebrush Sedge X X X Carex crinita Short-fringed Sedge X X X Carex digitalis Slender Woodland Sedge X X X Carex glaucodea Blue Sedge X X X Carex lupulina Hop Sedge X X X Carex lurida Sallow Sedge X X X Carex pensylvanica Pennsylvania Sedge X X Carex plantaginea Seersucker X X Carex scoparia Pointed Broom Sedge X X X Carex squarrosa Squarrose Sedge X X X Carex stricta Tussock Sedge X X X Carex vulpinoidea Fox Sedge X X X Chasmanthium latifolium River Oats X X X Chasmantium laxum Slender Spikegrass X X X Cinna arundinacea Common Wood Reedgrass X X X Coleataenia anceps Beaked Panic Grass X X X Coleataenia rigidula Tall Flat Panic Grass X X X Cyperus echinatus Globe Flatsedge X X X Cyperus lancastriensis Many-flowered Flatsedge X X X

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Locally Regionally Eastern U.S. Not Botanical Name Common Name CCA (SF) Notes Native Native Native Recommended Danthonia sericea Silky Oatgrass Danthonia spicata Poverty Oatgrass X X X Dichanthelium acuminatum Panic Grass X X X Dichanthelium clandestinum Deer-Tongue Grass X X X Dichanthelium commutatum Variable Panic Grass X X X Dichanthelium scoparium Velvet Panic Grass X X X Elymus canadensis Canada Wild Rye X X Elymus glabriflorus Southeastern Wild Rye X X X Elymus hystrix Bottlebrush Grass X X X Elymus riparius Riverbank Wild Rye X X X Elymus virginicus Virginia Wild Rye X X X Equisetum arvense Common Horsetail X X X Equisetum fluviatile Water Horsetail X X Equisetum hyemale Scouring Rush X X Equisetum sylvaticum Woodland Scouring Rush X X Equisetum variegatum Variegated Scouring Rush X X Eragrostis spectabilis Purple Love Grass X X X Festuca rubra Red Fescue Juncus canadensis Canada Rush X X X Juncus effusus Soft Rush X X X Leersia oryzoides Rice Cutgrass X X X Lemna minor Common Duckweed X X Muhlenbergia capillaris Hairgrass X X Muhlenbergia sylvatica Woodland Muhly X X Panicum amarum Coastal Panic Grass X X Panicum virgatum Switchgrass X X X Paspalum floridanum Florida Paspalum X X X Saccharum giganteum Giant Plumegrass X X Schizachyrium scoparium Little Bluestem X X X Schoenoplectus pungens Common Threesquare X X X Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani Soft-stem Bulrush X X X Scirpus cyperinus Woolgrass X X X Scirpus georgianus Bulrush X X X Scirpus polyphyllus Leafy Bulrush X X X Sorghastrum nutans Indian Grass X X X Spartina pectinata Prairie Cordgrass X X Tridens flavus Purpletop Grass X X X Tripsacum dactyloides Eastern Gamagrass X X X Typha latifolia Broad-leaved Cattail Zizania aquatica Wild Rice X X X

VINES

Locally Regionally Eastern U.S. Not Botanical Name Common Name Notes Native Native Native Recommended

Aristolochia macrophylla Dutchman's Pipe X X Aristolochia serpentaria Virginia Snakeroot X X X Aristolochia tomentosa Wooly Dutchman's Pipe X Bignonia capreolata Crossvine X X Campsis radicans Trumpet-creeper X X X Celastrus scandens American Bittersweet X X Clematis armandii Evergreen Clematis Clematis occidentalis Purple Virgin's Bower X X Clematis virginiana Virgin’s-bower X X X Cynanchum laeve Honeyvine Milkweed X X X X Plant is aggressive. Decumaria barbara Climbing Hydrangea X X Yellow Jessamine X X Jasminum nudiflorum Winter Jasmine Lonicera canadensis Fly Honeysuckle X X Lonicera dioica Limber Honeysuckle X X Lonicera sempervirens Trumpet Honeysuckle X X X Menispermum canadense Moonseed X X X Parthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia Creeper X X X Purple Passionflower X X X Passiflora lutea Yellow Passionflower X X X Smilax rotundifolia Common Greenbrier X X X X Plant is aggressive. aestivalis Summer X X X Vitis cinerea Florida Grape X X X Vitis librusca Fox Grape X X X Vitis rotundifolia Muscadine Grape X X Vitis vulpina Winter Grape X X X Wisteria frutescens American Wisteria X X

Cultivars and varieties of native are acceptable provided that they are not hybrids of non-native crossed .

Initial Issue: 3/1/19 Updated:

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