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Disclaimer COVID-19 Evidence Support Team EVIDENCE SEARCH COVID-19 Evidence Support Team EVIDENCE SEARCH REPORT Review Question: How effective are COVID-19 vaccines? Context: Benefits following dose/second dose; how well it prevents infections; evidence of limiting viral replication or spread; preventing hospitalization; preventing ventilation; preventing “long COVID” (long term symptoms), duration of immunity (natural and vaccinated). FDA cold chain changes. Effectiveness against any and all variants. Booster doses for variants. Mixing vaccine types. Does not include vaccine willingness/acceptance (to be run as a separate search) Review Code: INF031801v5 ESR Complete Date: May 28, 2021 Cite As: Miller, L., Howell-Spooner, B. How effective are COVID-19 vaccines? 2021 May 28, Document no.: INF031801v5 ESR. In: COVID-19 Rapid Evidence Reviews [Internet]. SK: SK COVID Evidence Support Team, c2021. 94 p. (CEST evidence search report). Librarian Notes & Comments Hello All, We’ve run this update for the databases from May 15th to May 26th, and searched for grey literature between May 14th and May 28th. Thanks, Brianna and Lukas Search Results: Guidelines, Summaries & Other Grey Literature Government Health Canada Recommendation on the use of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine in adolescents 12 to 18 years of age. May 18, 2021. https://www.canada.ca/en/public- health/services/immunization/national-advisory-committee-on-immunization- naci/recommendation-use-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine-adolescents.html Public Health Ontario Disclaimer This information is provided as a service by the Saskatchewan Health Authority and University of Saskatchewan Libraries. Professional librarians conduct searches of the literature. Results are subject to the limitation s of the databases and the specificity, broadness and appropriateness of the search parameters presented by the requester. The Libraries do not represent in any matter that retrieved citations are complete, accurate or otherwise to be relied upon. The sear ch results are only valid as of the date and time at which the search is conducted. The Libraries do not accept responsibility for any loss or damage aris ing from the use of, or reliance on, search results. Confirmed Cases of COVID-19 Following Vaccination in Ontario: December 14, 2020 to April 17, 2021. May 20, 2021. https://www.publichealthontario.ca/-/media/documents/ncov/epi/covid- 19-epi-confirmed-cases-post-vaccination.pdf?la=en National Health Library & Knowledge Service What is the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccinations in preventing disease transmission to the vaccinated?. May 28, 2021. https://hselibrary.ie/what-is-the-efficacy-of-covid-19-vaccinations- in-preventing-disease-transmission-to-the-non-vaccinated/ UK Government Vaccines highly effective against B.1.617.2 variant after 2 doses. May 22, 2021. https://www.gov.uk/government/news/vaccines-highly-effective-against-b-1-617-2-variant- after-2-doses PHE monitoring of the effectiveness of COVID -19 vaccination. May 26, 2021. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/phe-monitoring-of-the-effectiveness-of-covid- 19-vaccination FDA FDA In Brief: FDA Authorizes Longer Time for Refrigerator Storage of Thawed Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine Prior to Dilution, Making Vaccine More Widely Available. May 19, 2021. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-brief-fda-authorizes-longer-time- refrigerator-storage-thawed-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine CDC COVID-19 Vaccine Breakthrough Infections Reported to CDC – United States, January 1 – April 20, 2021. May 28, 2021. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/wr/mm7021e3.htm?s_cid=mm7021e3_x COVID-19 Vaccines for Children and Teens. May 26, 2021. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/recommendations/adolescents.html The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices’ Interim Recommendation for Use of Pfizer- BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine in Adolescents Aged 12-15 Years – United States, May 2021. May 21, 2021. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/wr/mm7020e1.htm?s_cid=mm7020e1_x Interim Estimates of Vaccine Effectiveness of Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna COVID-19 Vaccines Among Health Care Personnel – 33 U.S. Sites, January-March 2021. May 21, 2021. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/wr/mm7020e2.htm?s_cid=mm7020e2_w o Librarian’s Note: Released as an Early Release on May 14, 2021. d Largest CDC COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness Study in Health Workers Shows mRNA Vaccines 94% Effective. May 14, 2021. https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2021/p0514-covid-19- vaccine-effectiveness.html Agencies ECDC Overview of EU/EEA country recommendations on COVID-19 vaccination with Vaxzevria, and a scoping review of evidence to guide decision-making. May 18, 2021. https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/overview-eueea-country-recommendations- covid-19-vaccination-vaxzevria-and-scoping Evidence Search Report: INF031801v5 ESR 2 European Medicines Agency More flexible storage condition for BioNTech/Pfizer’s COVID-19 vaccine. May 17, 2021. https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/news/more-flexible-storage-conditions-biontechpfizers-covid- 19-vaccine WHO COVID-19 subcommittee of the WHO Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety (GACVS) reviews cases of mild myocarditis reported with COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. May 26, 2021. https://www.who.int/news/item/26-05-2021-gacvs-myocarditis-reported-with-covid-19-mrna- vaccines Research Centres COVID-19 Immunity Task Force New Canada-Wide Research to Study Mixing-and-Matching COVID-19 vaccines. May 20, 2021. https://www.covid19immunitytaskforce.ca/new-canada-wide-research-to-study-mixing-and- matching-covid-19-vaccines/ Canadian researchers studying effectiveness and safety of COVID-19 vaccines during pregnancy. May 19, 2021. https://www.covid19immunitytaskforce.ca/canadian-researchers-studying- effectiveness-and-safety-of-covid-19-vaccines-during-pregnancy/ COVID-END What is the efficacy and effectiveness of available COVID-19 vaccines for variants of concern. o May 21, 2021. https://www.mcmasterforum.org/docs/default-source/product- documents/living-evidence-syntheses/covid-19-living-evidence-synthesis-6.6---what-is- the-efficacy-and-effectiveness-of-available-covid-19-vaccines-in-general-and- specifically-for-variants-of-concern.pdf?sfvrsn=2b454a54_5 o May 17, 2021. https://www.mcmasterforum.org/docs/default-source/product- documents/living-evidence-syntheses/les6.5_vaccinesvariants_2021-05- 17.pdf?sfvrsn=b725295e_5 Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research Transmissibility of COVID-19 among vaccinated individuals. May 25, 2021. https://sporevidencealliance.ca/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Transmissibility-of-COVID-19- Among-Vaccinated-Individuals_2021.05.27.pdf Search Results: News, Blogs, & Social Media News CBC Researchers claim mystery of rare blood clots tied to COVID-19 vaccines solved, but experts urge caution. May 28, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/covid-19-vaccine-blood-clot-vitt- solution-research-1.6043185 Moderna touts its vaccine for 12 to 17 age group, citing trial data. May 25, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/us-moderna-trial-youth-1.6039174 Evidence Search Report: INF031801v5 ESR 3 Canada’s change to Pfizer vaccine storage temperature has major implications on rollout. May 19, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/pfizer-vaccine-canada-storage-temperature- 1.6031823 National vaccine advisory panel recommends Pfizer shot for anyone 12 and up: Tam. May 18, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/covid-vaccine-12-naci-time-1.6031090 COVID vaccine made by Canada’s Medicago shows promising results in Phase 2 clinical trial. May 18, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/medicago-montreal-covid-vaccine- 1.6031176 Sanofi, GlaxoSmithKline set to start Phase 3 trials for COVID-19 vaccine after earlier setback. May 17, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/sanofi-glaxosmithkline-set-to-start-phase-3- trials-for-covid-19-vaccine-after-earlier-setback-1.6029502 Why Canada’s big bets on delaying, mixing doses of COVID1-9 vaccines could pay off. May 17, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/canada-covid-vaccines-moderna-pfizer-1.6027657 Delayed second Pfizer-BioNTech shot produces more antibodies, U.K. study says. May 14, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/covid-19-pfizer-second-dose-delay-more-antibodies-study- 1.6026765 Canada reports 28 cases of rare blood clots following AstraZeneca vaccinations. May 14, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/canada-28-cases-blood-clots-1.6025750 CIDRAP COVID mRNA vaccines induce immune response in pregnant, lactating women. May 14, 2021. https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news-perspective/2021/05/covid-mrna-vaccines-induce-immune- response-pregnant-lactating-women More side effects noted after using 2 different COVID vaccines. May 13, 2021. https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news-perspective/2021/05/more-side-effects-noted-after-using- 2-different-covid-vaccines Globe and Mail Canadian study to examine safety of mixing COVID-19 vaccines. May 20, 2021. https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/article-canadian-study-to-examine-safety-of- mixing-covid-19-vaccines/?cmpid=rss&utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=twitter CTV News Preliminary results for Spanish study suggest mix and matching vaccine doses may increase antibodies. May 19, 2021. https://www.ctvnews.ca/health/coronavirus/preliminary-results- from-spanish-study-suggest-mix-and-matching-vaccine-doses-may-increase-antibodies- 1.5435789 U.K. begins ‘booster’ shot trial of 7 different COVID-19 vaccines. May 19, 2021. https://www.ctvnews.ca/health/coronavirus/u-k-begins-booster-shot-trial-of-7-different-covid- 19-vaccines-1.5434560 Two studies to
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