Another Alzheimer's Failure: Crenezumab Bites the Dust
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Stanford Chem-H Presentation (PDF)
KiNativ® In situ kinase profiling Stanford University ChEM-H confidential @KiNativPlatform Principle of the KiNativ platform • ATP (or ADP) acyl phosphate binds to, and covalently modifies Lysine residues in the active site • Thus, ATP acyl phosphate with a desthiobiotin tag can be used capture and quantitate kinases in a complex lysate Acyl phosphate Desthiobiotin tag ATP 2 ATP acyl phosphate probe covalently modifies kinase in the active site Lysine 2 Lysine 1 3 ATP acyl phosphate probe covalently modifies kinase in the active site Lysine 2 Lysine 1 4 Samples trypsinized, probe-labeled peptides captured with streptavidin, and analyzed by targeted LC-MS2 Identification Quantitation Explicit determination of peptide Integration of signal from MS2 sequence and probe modification site fragment ions from MS2 spectrum 5 Comprehensive Coverage of Protein and Lipid Kinases Protein kinases Atypical kinases Green: Kinases detected on KiNativ Red: Kinases not detected on KiNativ ~80% of known protein and atypical kinases identified on the platform http://www.kinativ.com/coverage/protein-lipid.html 6 Profiling compound(s) on the KiNativ platform Control sample – add probe Sample: Lysate derived from any cell line or tissue from ANY species Treated sample – add inhibitor followed by probe Inhibited kinase Green: Kinases Blue: Probe Gray: Non-kinases Red: Inhibitor 7 Profiling compound(s) on the KiNativ platform Control sample – add probe MS signalMS Sample: Lysate derived from any cell line or tissue from ANY species Treated sample – add inhibitor -
JAK Inhibitors for Treatment of Psoriasis: Focus on Selective TYK2 Inhibitors
Drugs https://doi.org/10.1007/s40265-020-01261-8 CURRENT OPINION JAK Inhibitors for Treatment of Psoriasis: Focus on Selective TYK2 Inhibitors Miguel Nogueira1 · Luis Puig2 · Tiago Torres1,3 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 Abstract Despite advances in the treatment of psoriasis, there is an unmet need for efective and safe oral treatments. The Janus Kinase– Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (JAK–STAT) pathway plays a signifcant role in intracellular signalling of cytokines of numerous cellular processes, important in both normal and pathological states of immune-mediated infamma- tory diseases. Particularly in psoriasis, where the interleukin (IL)-23/IL-17 axis is currently considered the crucial pathogenic pathway, blocking the JAK–STAT pathway with small molecules would be expected to be clinically efective. However, relative non-specifcity and low therapeutic index of the available JAK inhibitors have delayed their integration into the therapeutic armamentarium of psoriasis. Current research appears to be focused on Tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2), the frst described member of the JAK family. Data from the Phase II trial of BMS-986165—a selective TYK2 inhibitor—in psoriasis have been published and clinical results are encouraging, with a large Phase III programme ongoing. Further, the selective TYK2 inhibitor PF-06826647 is being tested in moderate-to-severe psoriasis in a Phase II clinical trial. Brepocitinib, a potent TYK2/JAK1 inhibitor, is also being evaluated, as both oral and topical treatment. Results of studies with TYK2 inhibitors will be important in assessing the clinical efcacy and safety of these drugs and their place in the therapeutic armamentarium of psoriasis. -
Stem Cell/Wnt
Inhibitors, Agonists, Screening Libraries www.MedChemExpress.com Stem Cell/Wnt Stem cells are required for continuous tissue maintenance within diverse organs, stem cell activity is often externally dictated by the microenvironment (the niche) so that stem cell output is precisely shaped to meet homeostatic needs or regenerative demands. Several key signaling pathways have been shown to play essential roles in this regulatory capacity. Specifically, the JAK/STAT, Hedgehog, Wnt, Notch, Smad, PI3K/phosphatase and tensin homolog, and NK-κB signaling pathways have all been shown experimentally to mediate various stem cell properties, such as self-renewal, cell fate decisions, survival, proliferation, and differentiation. Recent studies mainly focus on cancer stem cell, induced pluripotent stem cell, neural stem cell and maintenance of embryonic stem cell pluripotency. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been believed to be responsible for tumor initiation, growth, and recurrence. Numerous agents have been developed to specifically target CSCs by suppressing the expression of pluripotency maintaining factors Nanog, Oct-4, Sox-2, and c-Myc and transcription of GLI. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have the capacity to differentiate into various types of cells, and a self-renewing resource, and scientists can experiment with an unlimited number of pluripotent cells to perfect the process of targeted differentiation, transplantation, and more, for personalized medicine. Novel pathological mechanisms have been elucidated, new drugs originating from iPSC screens are in the pipeline and the first clinical trial using human iPSC-derived products has been initiated. References: [1] Clevers H, et al. Science. 2014 Oct 3;346(6205):1248012. [2] Matsui WH. Medicine (Baltimore). -
WO 2015/120233 Al 13 August 2015 (13.08.2015) P O P C T
(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2015/120233 Al 13 August 2015 (13.08.2015) P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: (72) Inventors: CHO, William; c/o Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA A61K 39/00 (2006.01) C07K 16/18 (2006.01) Way, South San Francisco, California 94080 (US). A61P 25/28 (2006.01) FRIESENHAHN, Michel; c/o Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080 (US). PAUL, (21) International Application Number: Robert; c/o Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Fran PCT/US2015/014758 cisco, California 94080 (US). WARD, Michael; c/o Gen (22) International Filing Date: entech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 6 February 2015 (06.02.2015) 94080 (US). (25) Filing Language: English (74) Agents: WAIS, Rebecca J. et al; Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, Mail Stop 49, South San Francisco, California 94080 (26) Publication Language: English (US). (30) Priority Data: (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every 61/937,472 8 February 2014 (08.02.2014) US kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, 61/971,479 27 March 2014 (27.03.2014) US AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, 62/010,259 10 June 2014 (10.06.2014) us BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, 62/081,992 19 November 2014 (19. 11.2014) us DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, (71) Applicant (for all designated States except AL, AT, BE, HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KN, KP, KR, BG, CH, CN, CY, CZ, DE, DK, EE, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, HR, HU, IE, IN, IS, IT, LT, LU, LV, MC, MK, MT, NL, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, NO, PL, FT, RO, RS, SE, SI, SK, SM, TR) : GENENTECH, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, SC, INC. -
Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease and Blood–Brain Barrier Drug Delivery
pharmaceuticals Review Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease and Blood–Brain Barrier Drug Delivery William M. Pardridge Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA; [email protected] Received: 24 October 2020; Accepted: 13 November 2020; Published: 16 November 2020 Abstract: Despite the enormity of the societal and health burdens caused by Alzheimer’s disease (AD), there have been no FDA approvals for new therapeutics for AD since 2003. This profound lack of progress in treatment of AD is due to dual problems, both related to the blood–brain barrier (BBB). First, 98% of small molecule drugs do not cross the BBB, and ~100% of biologic drugs do not cross the BBB, so BBB drug delivery technology is needed in AD drug development. Second, the pharmaceutical industry has not developed BBB drug delivery technology, which would enable industry to invent new therapeutics for AD that actually penetrate into brain parenchyma from blood. In 2020, less than 1% of all AD drug development projects use a BBB drug delivery technology. The pathogenesis of AD involves chronic neuro-inflammation, the progressive deposition of insoluble amyloid-beta or tau aggregates, and neural degeneration. New drugs that both attack these multiple sites in AD, and that have been coupled with BBB drug delivery technology, can lead to new and effective treatments of this serious disorder. Keywords: blood–brain barrier; brain drug delivery; drug targeting; endothelium; Alzheimer’s disease; therapeutic antibodies; neurotrophins; TNF inhibitors 1. Introduction Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) afflicts over 50 million people world-wide, and this health burden costs over 1% of global GDP [1]. -
Frontiers in Dermatology and Venereology - a Series of Theme Issues in Relation to the 100-Year Anniversary of Actadv
ISSN 0001-5555 ActaDV Volume 100 2020 Theme issue ADVANCES IN DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY A Non-profit International Journal for Interdisciplinary Skin Research, Clinical and Experimental Dermatology and Sexually Transmitted Diseases Frontiers in Dermatology and Venereology - A series of theme issues in relation to the 100-year anniversary of ActaDV Official Journal of - European Society for Dermatology and Psychiatry Affiliated with - The International Forum for the Study of Itch Immediate Open Access Acta Dermato-Venereologica www.medicaljournals.se/adv ACTA DERMATO-VENEREOLOGICA The journal was founded in 1920 by Professor Johan Almkvist. Since 1969 ownership has been vested in the Society for Publication of Acta Dermato-Venereologica, a non-profit organization. Since 2006 the journal is published online, independently without a commercial publisher. (For further information please see the journal’s website https://www. medicaljournals.se/acta) ActaDV is a journal for clinical and experimental research in the field of dermatology and venereology and publishes high- quality papers in English dealing with new observations on basic dermatological and venereological research, as well as clinical investigations. Each volume also features a number of review articles in special areas, as well as Correspondence to the Editor to stimulate debate. New books are also reviewed. The journal has rapid publication times. Editor-in-Chief: Olle Larkö, MD, PhD, Gothenburg Former Editors: Johan Almkvist 1920–1935 Deputy Editors: Sven Hellerström 1935–1969 -
Passive Immunotherapy for Alzheimer's Disease: What Have We
The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging© Volume 17, Number 1, 2013 EDITORIAL Passive immunotheraPy for alzheimer’s disease: what have we learned, and where are we headed? 1 2 P.s. aisen , B. vellas 1. university of California in san-diego, alzheimer’s disease Collaborative study: usa; 2. Gerontopole, univeristy of toulouse, umr inserm 1027 university toulouse 3, Chu toulouse, france from the development of the first transgenic mouse model primary efficacy goals were not met, though pooled analyses of brain amyloidosis (1), and the remarkable report on the suggest cognitive benefits. dramatic effect of active immunization against aggregated Crenezumab also binds to a mid-sequence epitope, but amyloid peptide on this model (2), anti-amyloid differs from solenazumab in that it possesses an igG4 (rather immunotherapy has been the leading strategy for disease- than igG1) backbone, so that it triggers less cytokine modifying drug development. But progress has been production from microglia while maintaining phagocytosis devastatingly slow. development of the active vaccine for towards amyloid (8). in vitro studies indicate that crenezumab human ad was halted because of meningoencephalitis in a binds to aβ fibrils and oligomers, and to some extent small percentage of treated individuals (3). while efforts monomers. Crenezumab treatment reduces brain amyloid turned to the development of safer active vaccines, using short plaque burden in transgenic mice. Phase 1 studies suggest that sequence antigens to minimize toxicity mediated by cellular crenezumab may not cause vasogenic edema, though sample immunity, many companies sought development of passive sizes were small. Crenezumab has been selected for the immunotherapy. this approach affords much greater control- a coming trial in familial autosomal dominant ad conducted by monoclonal antibody, free of risk of cellular immune response, the alzheimer’s Prevention initiative group (9). -
Key Potential Drug Launches in 2021
Key Potential Drug Launches in 2021 As a supplement to our well-known quarterly outlook report, Biomedtracker is pleased to present a longer-term look at some key late-stage drugs projected to hit the market in 2021. These drugs represent new drug classes, major changes to standards of care, and/or large market opportunities across the wide range of indications covered by Biomedtracker and Datamonitor Healthcare. The information in this presentation, including likelihood of approval (LOA) ratings and upcoming catalysts, is up to date as of June 2020. More details about each drug can be viewed instantly on Biomedtracker by clicking the icon. EXTRACT Contents This report covers the following indications: • Allergy • Hematology • Oncology • Psychiatry Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema) Anemia Due to Chronic Renal Failure Biliary Tract Cancer Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Pruritus Hemophilia Bladder Cancer Disorder (ADHD) Bone Marrow & Stem Cell Transplant Major Depressive Disorder • Autoimmune/Immunology (A&I) • Infectious Diseases (ID) Breast Cancer (MDD) Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies Clostridium Difficile-Associated- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) -(ANCA) Associated Vasculitis Diarrhea/Infection (CDAD/CDI) Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma (CTCL) • Renal Lupus Nephritis (LN) COVID-19 Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) Hyperoxaluria Myasthenia Gravis (MG) Pneumococcal Vaccines Follicular Lymphoma (FL) Psoriasis Seasonal Influenza Vaccines Marginal Zone Lymphoma (MZL) • Respiratory Ulcerative Colitis (UC) Melanoma Cystic Fibrosis • Metabolic -
Tables-Of-Phase-3-Mabs.Pdf
Table 3. Monoclonal antibodies in Phase 2/3 or 3 clinical studies for cancer indications Most advanced Primary sponsoring company INN or code name Molecular format Target(s) phase Phase 3 indications Therapeutic area Janssen Research & Development, LLC JNJ-56022473 Humanized mAb CD123 Phase 2/3 Acute myeloid leukemia Cancer Murine IgG1, Actinium Pharmaceuticals Iomab-B radiolabeled CD45 Phase 3 Acute myeloid leukemia Cancer Humanized IgG1, Seattle Genetics Vadastuximab talirine ADC CD33 Phase 3 Acute myeloid leukemia Cancer TG Therapeutics Ublituximab Chimeric IgG1 CD20 Phase 3 Chronic lymphocytic leukemia Cancer Xencor XMAB-5574, MOR208 Humanized IgG1 CD19 Phase 2/3 Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma Cancer Moxetumomab Murine IgG1 dsFv, AstraZeneca/MedImmune LLC pasudotox immunotoxin CD22 Phase 3 Hairy cell leukemia Cancer Humanized scFv, Viventia Bio Oportuzumab monatox immunotoxin EpCAM Phase 3 Bladder cancer Cancer scFv-targeted liposome containing Merrimack Pharmaceuticals MM-302 doxorubicin HER2 Phase 2/3 Breast cancer Cancer MacroGenics Margetuximab Chimeric IgG1 HER2 Phase 3 Breast cancer Cancer Gastric cancer or gastroesophageal junction Gilead Sciences GS-5745 Humanized IgG4 MMP9 Phase 3 adenocarcinoma; ulcerative colitis (Phase 2/3) Cancer; Immune-mediated disorders Depatuxizumab Humanized IgG1, AbbVie mafodotin ADC EGFR Phase 2/3 Glioblastoma Cancer AstraZeneca/MedImmune LLC Tremelimumab Human IgG2 CTLA4 Phase 3 NSCLC, head & neck cancer, bladder cancer Cancer NSCLC, head & neck cancer, bladder cancer, breast AstraZeneca/MedImmune -
Structure of Crenezumab Complex with Aβ Shows Loss of Β-Hairpin
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Structure of Crenezumab Complex with Aβ Shows Loss of β-Hairpin Mark Ultsch1, Bing Li1, Till Maurer1, Mary Mathieu1, Oskar Adolfsson2, Andreas Muhs2, Andrea Pfeifer2, Maria Pihlgren2, Travis W. Bainbridge1, Mike Reichelt1, James A. Ernst1, 1 1 1 1 1 Received: 20 May 2016 Charles Eigenbrot , Germaine Fuh , Jasvinder K. Atwal , Ryan J. Watts & Weiru Wang Accepted: 21 November 2016 Accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides and amyloid plaque deposition in brain is postulated as a Published: 20 December 2016 cause of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The precise pathological species of Aβ remains elusive although evidence suggests soluble oligomers may be primarily responsible for neurotoxicity. Crenezumab is a humanized anti-Aβ monoclonal IgG4 that binds multiple forms of Aβ, with higher affinity for aggregated forms, and that blocks Aβ aggregation, and promotes disaggregation. To understand the structural basis for this binding profile and activity, we determined the crystal structure of crenezumab in complex with Aβ. The structure reveals a sequential epitope and conformational requirements for epitope recognition, which include a subtle but critical element that is likely the basis for crenezumab’s versatile binding profile. We find interactions consistent with high affinity for multiple forms βof A , particularly oligomers. Of note, crenezumab also sequesters the hydrophobic core of Aβ and breaks an essential salt-bridge characteristic of the β-hairpin conformation, eliminating features characteristic of the basic organization in Aβ oligomers and fibrils, and explains crenezumab’s inhibition of aggregation and promotion of disaggregation. These insights highlight crenezumab’s unique mechanism of action, particularly regarding Aβ oligomers, and provide a strong rationale for the evaluation of crenezumab as a potential AD therapy. -
February 2021 EPS Pipeline Report
Pipeline Report February 2021 Pipeline Report February 2021 © 2021 Envolve. All rights reserved. Page 1 This quarterly at-a-glance publication is developed by our Clinical Pharmacy Drug Information team to increase your understanding of the drug pipeline, Table of Contents ensuring you’re equipped with insights to prepare for shifts in pharmacy benefit management. In this issue, you’ll learn more about key themes and notable drugs referenced in the following points. COVID-19 1 > Veklury is currently the only agent that is FDA-approved for the treatment of COVID-19. Three additional therapeutics and two vaccines have been granted Emergency Use Authorization (EUA), and at least three more vaccines are Recent Specialty Drug Approvals1 4 expected to receive an EUA in the relatively near future. > The previous quarter noted the approval of several breakthrough therapies for rare or ultra-rare conditions, which previously had no available FDA-approved Recent Non-Specialty Drug Approvals 9 treatments — Zokinvy for Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome and progeroid laminopathies, Oxlumo for primary hyperoxaluria type 1, and Imcivree for genetically mediated obesity. Upcoming Specialty Products 10 > Other notable approvals include: Lupkynis — the first oral therapy approved for lupus nephritis; Orladeyo — the first oral therapy approved as prophylaxis of hereditary angioedema attacks;Cabenuva – the first long-acting injectable antiretroviral therapy intended as maintenance treatment of HIV; and Breyanzi — Upcoming Non-Specialty Products 18 the -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2017/0172932 A1 Peyman (43) Pub
US 20170172932A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2017/0172932 A1 Peyman (43) Pub. Date: Jun. 22, 2017 (54) EARLY CANCER DETECTION AND A 6LX 39/395 (2006.01) ENHANCED IMMUNOTHERAPY A61R 4I/00 (2006.01) (52) U.S. Cl. (71) Applicant: Gholam A. Peyman, Sun City, AZ CPC .......... A61K 9/50 (2013.01); A61K 39/39558 (US) (2013.01); A61K 4I/0052 (2013.01); A61 K 48/00 (2013.01); A61K 35/17 (2013.01); A61 K (72) Inventor: sham A. Peyman, Sun City, AZ 35/15 (2013.01); A61K 2035/124 (2013.01) (21) Appl. No.: 15/143,981 (57) ABSTRACT (22) Filed: May 2, 2016 A method of therapy for a tumor or other pathology by administering a combination of thermotherapy and immu Related U.S. Application Data notherapy optionally combined with gene delivery. The combination therapy beneficially treats the tumor and pre (63) Continuation-in-part of application No. 14/976,321, vents tumor recurrence, either locally or at a different site, by filed on Dec. 21, 2015. boosting the patient’s immune response both at the time or original therapy and/or for later therapy. With respect to Publication Classification gene delivery, the inventive method may be used in cancer (51) Int. Cl. therapy, but is not limited to such use; it will be appreciated A 6LX 9/50 (2006.01) that the inventive method may be used for gene delivery in A6 IK 35/5 (2006.01) general. The controlled and precise application of thermal A6 IK 4.8/00 (2006.01) energy enhances gene transfer to any cell, whether the cell A 6LX 35/7 (2006.01) is a neoplastic cell, a pre-neoplastic cell, or a normal cell.