Elkhorn Biodiversity Preserve Species List Northwest Audubon Society * Indicates a non-native species Updated 2/23/2021

Sedges (14) 13 Native Forbs (152) 115 Native Carex bebbii – Bebb’s Oval Sedge Abutilon theophrasti – Velvetleaf * Carex brevior – Plains Oval Sedge Achillea millefolium – Yarrow * Carex brunnescens – Green Bog Sedge Agrimonia gryposepala – Tall Agrimony Carex diandra –Bog Panicled Sedge Alliaria petiolata – Garlic Mustard * Carex stipata – Common Fox Sedge Ambrosia artemisiifolia – Common Ragweed Carex stricta – Common Tussock Sedge Ambrosia trifida – Giant Ragweed Carex trichocarpa – Hairy-Fruited Lake Sedge Amorpha canescens – Lead Plant Carex vulpinoidea – Fox Sedge Anemone canadensis – Meadow Anemone Cyperus acuminatus – Short-Pointed Flat Sedge Anemone cylindrica – Thimbleweed Cyperus echinatus – Globe Sedge * Anemone virginiana – Tall Anemone Cyperus esculentus – Field Nut Sedge Antennaria neglecta – Pussy Toes Cyperus filiculmis – Slender Sand Sedge Angelica atropurpurea – Great Angelica Cyperus rivularis – Brook Nut Sedge Apocynum cannabinum – Dogbane Scirpus atrovirens – Dark Green Rush Arctium minus – Common Burdock * Arctium tomentosum – Cotton Burdock * Ferns (2) Arisaema triphyllum – Jack-in-the-Pulpit Athyrium filix-femina – Lady Fern Asclepias amplexicaulis – Blunt-Leaved or Sand Onoclea sensibilis – Sensitive Fern Milkweed Asclepias incarnata – Swamp Milkweed Horsetails (2) Asclepias syriaca – Common Milkweed Equisetum arvense – Common Horsetail Asclepias verticillata – Whorled Milkweed Equisetum hyemale – Scouring Rush Aster ericoides – Heath Aster Aster lateriflorus – Calico Aster Grasses (23) 12 Native Aster linariifolius – Flax-Leaved Aster (Stiff or Linear- Andropogon gerardii – Big Bluestem Leaved Aster) Schizachyrium scoparium – Little Bluestem Aster novae-angliae – New England Aster Agropyron repens – Quack Grass * Aster pilosus – Hairy Aster Agrostis alba – Redtop * Aster praealtus – Willow Aster Bouteloua curtipendula – Side-Oats Grama Barbarea vulgaris – Yellow Rocket (Winter Cress) * Bromus inermis – Smooth Brome * Baptisia leucophaea – Cream Wild Indigo Dactylis glomerata – Orchard-grass * Bidens cernua – Nodding Bur Marigold Digitaria filiformis – Slender Crab Grass Campanula aparinoides – Marsh Bellflower Enchinochloa microstachya – Barnyard Grass * Cardamine bulbosa – Spring Cress Elymus canadensis – Canada Wild Rye Centaurea maculosa – Spotted Knapweed * Eragrotis spectabilis – Purple Love Grass Cerastium vulgatum – Mouse-Ear Chickweed * Festuca sp. – Tall Fescue * Chenopodium album – Lamb’s Quarter * Leptoloma cognatum – Fall Witch Grass Cicuta maculata – Water Hemlock Oryzopsis asperifolia – Rough-Leaved Rice Grass Circaea lutetiana var canadensis – Enchanter’s Panicum oligosanthes var. scribnerianum – Scribner’s Nightshade Panic Grass Cirsium arvense – Field Thistle * Panicum villosissimum – White-Haired Panic Grass Cirsium discolor – Pasture Thistle Paspalum setaceum ver. ciliatifolium – Lens Grass Cirsium vulgare – Bull Thistle * Phalaris arundinacea – Reed-Canary Grass * Clematis virginiana – Virgin’s Bower Phleum pratense – Timothy * Convolulus sepium – Hedge Bindweed Poa compressa – Canada Blue Grass * Conium maculatum – Poison Hemlock * Poa pratensis – Kentucky Blue Grass * – Queen-Anne’s Lace * Setaria glauca – Yellow Fox Tail * Dianthus armeria – Deptford Pink * Sorgastrum nutans – Indian Grass Echinocystis lobata – Wild Cucumber Epilobuim coloratum – Cinnamon Willow Herb Rushes (2) Erechtites hieracifolia – Fireweed Eleocharis erythropoda – Red-Rooted Spike Rush Erigeron canadensis – Horseweed Juncus tenuis – Path Rush Erigeron philadelphicus – Marsh Fleabane Erigeron strigosus – Daisy Fleabane Eupatorium maculatum – Spotted Joe Pye Weed Eupatorium rugosum – White Snakeroot

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Forbs (continued) Forbs (continued) Euphorbia corollata – Flowering Spurge Rudbeckia laciniata – Wild Golden Glow Fragaria virginiana – Wild Strawberry Rudbeckia triloba – Brown-Eyed Susan Galium aparine – Cleavers Rumex acetosella – Sheep Sorrel Galium obtusum – Blunt-Leaved Bedstraw Rumex crispus – Curly Dock * Gentiana puberulenta – Downy Gentian Scrophularia marilandica – Late Figwort Gnaphalium obtusifolium – Old-Field Balsam Senecio pauperculus – Balsam Ragwort Helenium autumnale – Sneezeweed Silphium integrifolium – Rosinweed Helianthus grosseserratus – Sawtooth Sunflower Silphium perfoliatum – Cup Plant Helianthus rigidus – Prairie Sunflower Smilacina stellata – Starry False Solomon’s Seal Helianthus tuberosus – Jerusalem Artichoke Smilax tamnoides var. hispida – Catbrier Helianthemum canadense – Rockrose Solanum carolinense – Horse-Nettle Heliopsis helianthoides – Early Sunflower Solanum dulcamara – Deadly Nightshade * maximum – Cow Parsnip Solidago altissima – Tall Goldenrod Heuchera richardsonii – Prairie Alum Root Solidago nemoralis – Old Field Goldenrod Hieracium longipilum – Long-bearded Hawkweed Specularia perfoliata – Venus’s Looking Glass Hypericum pyramidatum – Great St. Johnswort Stachys tenuifolia var. hispida – Marsh Hedge Nettle Impatiens capensis – Orange Jewelweed Tanacetum vulgare – Common Tansy * Kuhnia eupatoroides – False Boneset Taraxacum officinale – Dandelion * Lactuca canadensis – Wild Lettuce Teucrium littorale var, canadense – Germander Lechea stricta – Bushy Pinweed Teucrium littorale var. virginicum – Wood Sage Lemna minor – Small Duckweed Thalictrum dasycarpum – Purple Meadow-rue Leonorus cardiaca – Motherwort * Tradescantia ohiensis – Ohio Spiderwort Lespedeza capitata – Round-Headed Bushclover Tragopogon pratense – Goat’s Beard * Liatris aspera – Rough Blazingstar Tragopogon hybrid – Goat’s Beard x Salsify * Lithospermum incisum – Fringed Puccoon Trifolium pratense – Red Clover * Lobelia siphilitica – Great Blue Lobelia Urtica dioica – Stinging Nettle * Lycopus americanus – Common Water Horehound Urtica procera – Tall Nettle Lycopus rubellus – Stalked Water Horehound Verbascum blattaria – Mullein * Lysimachia nummularia – Moneywort * Verbascum thapsus – Common Mullein * Medicago lupulina – Black Medick * Verbena hastata – Blue Vervain Melilotus alba – White Sweet Clover * Verbena urticifolia – White Vervain Melilotus officinalis – Yellow Sweet Clover * Veronica comosa – Water Speedwell Mentha arvensis – Wild Mint Veronicastrum virginicum – Culver’s Root Mimulus ringens – Monkey Flower Vicia cracca – Cow Vetch * Monarda fistulosa – Wild Bergamot Viola sagittata – Arrow-Leaved Violet Myosoton aquaticum – Water Chickweed Viola sororia – Common Blue Violet Nepeta cataria – Catnip * Viola pedata – ’s Foot Violet Oxalis stricta – Common Wood-sorrel Oxalis violacea – Violet Wood-sorrel Shrubs (18) 14 Native Pastinaca sativa – Wild Parsnip * Celastrus scandena – Climbing Bittersweet Phytolacca americana – American Pokeweed Cornus rac6mosa – Gray Dogwood Physalis pubescens – Clammy Groundcherry Cornus stolonifera – Red Osier Dogwood Physalis subglabrata – Tall Groundcherry Corylus americana – American Hazelnut Plantago aristata – Poor Joe Lonicera – Honeysuckle * Plantago lanceolata – English Plantain * ioensis – Crab Plantago major – Common Plantain * Parthenocissus quinquefolia – Virginia Creeper Polygala sanguinea – Field Milkwort Rhamnus cathartica – Common Buckthorn * Polygonatum biflorum – Solomon’s Seal Rhus radicans – Poison Ivy Polygonum hydropiper – Water Pepper * Ribes missouriense – Missouri Gooseberry Polygonum persicaria – Lady’s Thumb * Rosa carolina – Pasture Rose Polygonum scandens – Climbing False Buckwheat Rosa multiflora – Multiflora Rose * Potentilla arguta – Prairie Cinquefoil Rubus allegheniensis – Common Blackberry Potentilla recta – Rough-Fruited Cinquefoil * Rubus flagellaris – Common Dewberry Potentilla simplex – Common Cinquefoil Rubus occidentalis – Black Raspberry Pycnanthemum virginianum – Common Mountain Mint Sambucus canadensis – Elderberry Ranunculus aboritvus – Abortive Buttercup Symphoricarpos orbiculatus – Coralberry Ranunculus fascicularis – Early Buttercup Viburnum opulus – European Highbush Cranberry * Ranunculus sceleratus – Cursed Buttercup Vitis riparia – Riverbank Grape Ratibida pinnata – Yellow Coneflower Rhus radicans – Poison Ivy Rudbeckia hirta – Black-Eyed Susan Page 2 of 5

Trees (15) 12 Native , (continued) Acer negundo – Box Elder Colias eurytheme – Alfalfa Acer saccharinum – Silver Maple Colias philodice – Clouded Sulphur occidentalis – Hackberry Danaus plexippus – Monarch Juglans nigra – Black Walnut Eucres comyntas – Eastern Tailed-Blue Butterfly Maclura pomifera – Osage Orange * Euptoieta claudia – Variegated Fritillary Morus alba – White Mulberry * Euptychia cymela – Little Wood Satyr Populus deltoides – Cottonwood Junonia coenia – Buckeye Prunus serotina – Black Cherry Libytheana carinenta bachmanii – Amerian Snout Prunus virginiana – Choke Cherry Limenitis archippus – Viceroy Pyrus malus – Apple * Limenitis arthemis astyanax – Red-Spotted Purple Quercus macrocarpa – Bur Oak Lycaena helloides – Purplish Copper Quercus velutina – Black Oak Lycaena phlaeas americana – American Copper Salix nigra – Black Willow Nymphalis antiopa – Mourning Cloak Tilia americana – Basswood Nymphalis milberti – Milbert’s Tortoiseshell Ulmus rubra – Red (Slippery) Elm Papilio cresphontes – Giant Swallowtail Papilio glaucus – Tiger Swallowtail Fish (8) Papilio polyxenes asterius – Black Swallowtail Campostoma anomalum – Stoneroller Papilio troilus – Spicebush Swallowtail Catastomus commersoni – White Sucker Phyciodes tharos – Pearl Crescent Etheostoma nigrum – Johnny Darter Pieris rapae – European Cabbage Butterfly * Moxostoma aureolum – Northern Redhorse Polygonia comma – Comma Notropis cornutus – Common Shiner Polygonia interrogationis – Question Mark Phoxinus eos – Red-Bellied Dace Satyrium liparops strigosa – Striped Hairstreak Pimephales notatus – Blunt-Nose Minnow Satyrium titus – Coral Hairstreak Semotilus atromaculatus – Creek Chub Speyeria cybele – Great Spangled Fritillary Vanessa atalanta – Red Admiral Reptiles (3) Vanessa cardui – Painted Lady Chelydra serpentina – Snapping Turtle Vanessa virginiensis – American Painted Lady Storeria dekayi dekayi – Northern Brown Snake Damselflies (7) Pituophis melanoleucus – Bull Snake Argia apicalis – Blue-Fronted Dancer Argia plana – Springwater Dancer Amphibians (6) Calopteryx maculata – Ebony Jewelwing Bufo americana – American Toad Ischnura hastata – Citrine Forktail Hyla cf. versicolor – Gray Treefrog Lestes rectangularis – Slender Spreadwing Hyla crucifera – Spring Peeper Ischnura verticalis – Eastern Forktail Pseudacris t. triseriata – W. Chorus Frog Dragonflies (11) Rana clamitans melanota – Green Frog Amphiagrion saucium – Eastern Red Damsel Rana p. pipiens – N. Leopard Frog Anax junius – Common Green Darner Celithemis eponina – Halloween Pennant (14) Erythemis simplicicollis – Common Pondhawk Beaver Libellula luctuosa – Widow Skimmer Eastern Chipmunk Libellula pulchella – Twelve-Spotted Skimmer Cottontail Rabbit Pachydiplax longipennis –Blue Dasher Coyote Perithemis tenera – Eastern Amberwing Mink Plathemis (Libellula) lydia – Common Whitetail Woodland Jumping Mouse Sympetrum semicinctum – Band-Winged Meadowhawk Opossum Sympetrum rubicundulum – Ruby Meadowhawk Plains Pocket Gopher Tramea lacerata – Black Saddlebags (14) Short-Tailed Shrew Ayles lineata – White-Lined Sphinx Moth Skunk Alypia octomaculata – Eight-Spotted Forester Thirteen-Lined Ground Squirrel Caeunurgina crassiuscula – Clover Looper White-Tailed Deer Cucullia asteroides – Goldenrod Hooded Owlet Woodchuck Depressaria pastinacella – Parsnip Webworm * Euchaetes egle – Milkweed Tussock Moth Insects (97) 91 Native Grammia virgo – Virgin Tiger Moth Butterflies (32) Haematopis grataria – Chickweed Geometer celtis – Hackberry Butterfly reversa – Reversed Hapola – Tawny Emperor Pyrrharctia isabella – Wooly Isabella Tiger Moth Bolaria bellona – Meadow Fritillary Microcrambus elegans – Elegant Grass-Veneer Celastrina neglecta – Summer Azure Pyrausta ochosalis – Pyrausta Moth Page 3 of 5

Moths (continued) (continued) Simyra insularis – Henry’s Marsh Moth Sora palealis – Carrot Seed Moth Sandhill Crane Skippers (6) Killdeer Ancyloxyphia numitor – Least Skipper American Woodcock Epargyreus clarus – Silver-Spotted Skipper Wilson’s Snipe Hylephila phyleus – Fiery Skipper Solitary Sandpiper Pholisora catullus – Common Sootywing Greater Yellowlegs Polites coras – Peck’s Skipper Spotted Sandpiper Thymelicus lineola – European Skipper Rock Pigeon * Other (30) Mourning Dove Apion rostrum – Baptisia Seed Pod Weevil Black-Billed Cuckoo Archytas apicifer – Tachinid Fly Yellow-Billed Cuckoo Asilus prairiensis – Robber Fly Eastern Screech-Owl Baetidae – Mayfly Great Horned Owl Carmelionidae – Negro Bug Barred Owl Chironomus sp. – Midge Fly Common Nighthawk Chrysochus auratos – Dogbane Beetle Chimney Swift Chrysopidae – Green Lacewing Ruby-Throated Hummingbird Chrysops sp. – Deerfly Belted Kingfisher Ctenicera noxia – Click Beetle Red-Headed Woodpecker Gerris remigis – Waterstrider Red-Bellied Woodpecker Hydropsyche simulans – Caddisfly Yellow-Bellied Sapsucker Labidomera clivicollis – Milkweed Leaf Beetle Downy Woodpecker Mantis religiosa – European Mantis * Hairy Woodpecker Microcentrum retinerve – Angular-winged Katydid Northern Flicker Oecanthus fultoni – Snowy Tree Cricket Olive-Sided Flycatcher Oncopeltus fasciatus – Large Milkweed Bug Eastern Wood-Pewee Ostrinia nubilalis – European Corn Borer * Willow Flycatcher Pelecinus polyturator – American Pelecinid Least Flycatcher Philaenus spumarius – Spittle-Bug Eastern Phoebe Popilla japonica – Japanese Beetle * Great Crested Flycatcher Sepedon fuscipennis – Marsh Fly Eastern Kingbird Simulium sp. – Blackflies Yellow-Throated Vireo Stenelmis sp. – Elmid Beetle Warbling Vireo Tabanus sp. – Greenhead Fly Philadelphia Vireo Tenodera aridifolia sinensis – Chinese Praying Mantis * Red-Eyed Vireo Tetraopes tetrophthalmus – Red Milkweed Beetle Blue Jay Tremex columba – Pigeon Tremex (Horntail) American Crow Trichodes nutalli – Red-Blue Checked Beetle Purple Martin Trirhaba canadensis – Goldenrod Leaf Beetle Tree Swallow Northern Rough-Winged Swallow Birds (138) 133 Native Cliff Swallow Double-Crested Cormorant Bank Swallow Great Blue Heron Barn Swallow Green Heron Black-Capped Chickadee Turkey Vulture White-Breasted Nuthatch Cackling Goose Brown Creeper Canada Goose House Wren Wood Duck Winter Wren Mallard Marsh Wren Bald Eagle Sedge Wren Osprey Golden-Crowned Kinglet Northern Harrier Ruby-Crowned Kinglet Sharp-Shinned Hawk Blue-Gray Gnatcatcher Broad-Winged Hawk Eastern Bluebird Red-Tailed Hawk Gray-Cheeked Thrush Rough-legged Hawk Swainson’s Thrush American Kestrel Hermit Thrush Ring-Necked Pheasant * American Robin Northern Bobwhite Gray Catbird Wild Turkey Brown Thrasher Page 4 of 5

Birds (continued) Miscellaneous (14) European Starling * Argiope aurantia – Black and Yellow Garden Spider Cedar Waxwing Argiope trifasciata – Banded Garden Spider Golden-Winged Warbler Dermacentor variabilis – Wood Tick Tennessee Warbler Dugesia tigrina – Planarian Orange-Crowned Warbler Gammarus lacustris – Scud Nashville Warbler Hyalla azteca – Sideswimmer Northern Parula Warbler Hydrachnidae – Water Mite Yellow Warbler Limax – Slug Chestnut-Sided Warbler Lumbricus terrestris – Night Crawler * Magnolia Warbler Naididae – Aquatic Worm Cape May Warbler Opilio sp. – Harvestman Yellow-Rumped Warbler Physa – Pond Snail Black-Throated Green Warbler Spharium sp. – Fingernail Clam Blackburnian Warbler cf. Trombicula alfreddugesi – Red Mite Yellow-Throated Warbler Palm Warbler Bay-Breasted Warbler Blackpoll Warbler Black-and-White Warbler American Redstart Prothonotary Warbler Northern Waterthrush Louisiana Waterthrush Ovenbird Kentucky Warbler Common Yellowthroat Wilson’s Warbler Yellow-Breasted Chat Eastern Towhee Scarlet Tanager American Tree Sparrow Chipping Sparrow Field Sparrow Vesper Sparrow Savannah Sparrow Fox Sparrow Song Sparrow Lincoln’s Sparrow Swamp Sparrow White-Throated Sparrow White-Crowned Sparrow Dark-Eyed Junco Northern Cardinal Rose-breasted Grosbeak Indigo Bunting Dickcissel Bobolink Red-Winged Blackbird Eastern Meadowlark Western Meadowlark Rusty Blackbird Common Grackle Brown-headed Cowbird Orchard Oriole Baltimore Oriole Purple Finch House Finch American Goldfinch House Sparrow * Eurasian Tree Sparrow *

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