ESB National Grid

Kingscourt – Woodland 400kV Feasibility Study

ESBI Report No. PE687-R142-002-001-001

Engineering, Design, Systems and Resources, ESBI Engineering and Facility Management Ltd Stephen Court 18/21 St Stephen’s Green Dublin 2 Ireland Telephone+353-1-703 8000 Fax+353-1-661 6600 www.esbi.ie

DATE 02/12/09

File Reference: Falcon/DMS

Client: ESB National Grid

Project Title:

Kingscourt – Woodland 400kV

Report Title:

Feasibility Study

Report No.: PE687-R142-002-001-001

Rev. No.: 2

Volume 1 of 1

APPROVED: J.Doyle DATE: 02/12/09 TITLE:

COPYRIGHT © ESB INTERNATIONAL LIMITED (1998) ALL RIGHTS RESERVED, NO PART OF THIS WORK MAY BE MODIFIED OR REPRODUCED OR COPIES IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS - GRAPHIC, ELECTRONIC OR MECHANICAL, INCLUDING PHOTOCOPYING, RECORDING, TAPING OR INFORMATION AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM, OR USED FOR ANY PURPOSE OTHER THAN ITS DESIGNATED PURPOSE, WITHOUT THE WRITTEN PERMISSION OF ESB INTERNATIONAL LIMITED. Page i

Summary

ESB National Grid commissioned ESBI to carry out a feasibility study for a potential 400kV line linking the existing Woodland 400kV station in South County Meath to a proposed 400kV station in the vicinity south of Kingscourt in either counties Cavan or Meath. The new 400kV station would also be a termination point for a possible North – South 275/400kV interconnector This report details the options considered for potential overhead line route corridors between the above termination points.

Potential route corridors developed during the desktop study were verified with an on-site investigation of driving the route options to check all road and river crossings and to note any potential conflicts with the desktop study. Route modifications and alternative options were investigated and are included in this report as a result of the information found during the site study. The overall route corridors linking Woodland to Kingscourt generally follow the shortest path but are bound by the major designated constraints particularly pertaining to County Meath and the expanding environs adjacent to Navan, Trim, Athboy and Kells. The potential route corridors were selected based on achieving a balance between environmental, technical and economic criteria.

Site studies were also undertaken to assess potential sites suitable for a 400kV station in a study area south of Kingscourt. It found that a number of potential sites are available and these sites are evaluated under various headings.

BGE gas pipelines were noted in the study area. It is recommended that a detailed study to determine the most effective mitigation measures be performed prior to design stage.

The Woodland 400kV station has spare bay capacity to facilitate any proposed transmission line in the future but it may be more efficient to swap a new bay with an existing bay.

The report concludes that overhead line route options currently exist and are technically feasible at the time of this study. However, crossing points are limited in some areas and projected population growth will continue to impact on route selection at road crossings.

The report recommends that further detailed route investigation be undertaken to fully assess the route options in order to develop a preferred route.

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Contents

Summary ...... ii 1.0 Introduction...... - 1 - 2.0 Description of Study...... - 1 - 3.0 Desktop Study...... - 2 - 4.0 Site Study ...... - 3 - 4.1 Route Selection ...... - 3 - 4.2 Constraints ...... - 4 - 4.2.1 Constraints Map ...... - 4 - 4.2.2 Landscape Character...... - 5 - 4.2.3 Existing Transmission Network...... - 7 - 4.2.4 Roadways...... - 7 - 4.2.5 Ribbon Development...... - 9 - 4.2.6 Towns and Villages ...... - 10 - 4.2.7 Ecological Sites and Special Designated Areas of Protection..- 10 - 4.2.8 Rivers ...... - 13 - 4.2.9 Peatlands...... - 15 - 4.2.10 BGE (Bord Gais) Infrastructure...... - 15 - 4.2.11 Quarries, Mines and airstrips ...... - 16 - 4.2.12 Scenic and Tourist Roads ...... - 16 - 4.3 Line Route Options ...... - 16 - 4.3.1 Route descriptions ...... - 16 - 4.3.2 General assumptions, caveats and conclusions ...... - 22 - 4.4 Substations...... - 25 - 4.4.1 Woodland 400kV station ...... - 25 - 4.4.2 Proposed Kingscourt 400kV Station ...... - 26 - 5.0 Consultation ...... - 29 - 6.0 Project Programme ...... - 30 - 7.0 Conclusions and Recommendations ...... - 31 -

Appendices

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1.0 Introduction

ESBI study focused on the potential for a 400kV single circuit feasibility study between the existing Woodland 400kV substation in Co. Meath to a proposed substation in the general vicinity south of Kingscourt in the counties of Meath or Cavan.

2.0 Description of Study

The objective of the report is to assess the feasibility of obtaining an overhead 400kV line route between Woodland 400kV substation, Co. Meath and a potential 400kV substation in the vicinity south of Kingscourt. The outline scope of this study is based on ESBI Report PE687-R142-001-01-000: Constraints Study. The location of a 275kV inter- connector route from Northern Ireland will be a contributing factor in the final location of the proposed new station. Overhead line route will be selected based on achieving a fine balance between environmental, engineering and economic criteria.

The study area covered an area of 67,000 hectares. The affected counties are Co. Meath and a small area of Co. Cavan (Kingscourt area). There are options of terminating in either Co. Meath or Co. Cavan which will be dependent on the site chosen for the proposed substation which is linked to the terminating point of the proposed 275kV inter- connector line from Northern Ireland.

The Scope of Work is defined to include:-  Constraints map  Desktop study  Field study

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3.0 Desktop Study

Ref.: ESBI Report PE687-R142-001-001-000: Constraints Study

The first task associated with the project was to define the study area. The area east of Navan was eliminated as any proposed development would have to cross the environmentally sensitive Boyne Valley. The area also has a high concentration of existing high voltage transmission lines including the Louth - Maynooth 220kV, Louth - Woodland 220kV and Drybridge - Finglas 110kV lines and the recently constructed Gorman 220kV station and the associated Navan-Platin and Navan- Drybridge 110kV lines which will be looped into Gorman station in mid 2005. In addition, it is proposed to link the Gorman station with 110kV developments to the existing stations at both Meath Hill and Navan.

The study area chosen is situated in a north / south axis between Woodland 400kV substation in south Co. Meath and a proposed substation south of Kingscourt in the counties of Meath or Cavan. The area is bound to the east by the Hill of Tara and the town of Navan and to the west by the towns of Trim, Athboy. It is bordered to the north by the town of Kingscourt, Co. Cavan and to the south by Woodland Substation Co. Meath. The town of Kells and the villages of Nobber,Moyalty and Mullagh are included in the study area.

A number of possible overhead line routes were identified and examined and a desktop study was produced which detailed the major physical and environmental constraints that might hinder a route corridor. Typical constraints included Ecological sites & Special Designated Protected areas, Archaeological & Heritage Sites, Scenic & Tourist Roads, along with all developments & infrastructure. Of particular significance were the Hill of Tara, The River Boyne and River Blackwater, two existing gas pipelines which traverse in an east / west direction, the expanding environs of the towns of Navan, Trim, Kells and Athboy which are closely grouped, the proposed M3 motorway development and a number of existing 220kV and 110kV transmission lines within the route study area. A number of route options emerged and are broadly shown in the Constraints Study report.

Co. Meath has a diverse low-lying topography that includes extensive rich pastures throughout the Boyne and Blackwater valleys with some drumlin hills in the north in the

Page - 2 - area of the proposed new station. The land is mainly of good agricultural quality with tillage and pasture being the main uses. There are small pockets of peat, mixed quality land and marsh scattered throughout the extent of the study area but these should not impact on the construction of the proposed line.

The study area encompasses approximately 67,000 hectares predominately in Co. Meath and a small area situated in Co. Cavan. It was concluded that the area chosen would be sufficient in size to accommodate possible overhead line route options from Woodland to Kingscourt.

Ref.: Appendix 1: Study Area (A1)

4.0 Site Study

4.1 Route Selection

The Constraints Study Report and constraints map was the foundation for selecting suitable route options to enable a field study to take place. Site verification was the next phase to access the route options shown for suitability to plan a 400kV overhead transmission line between the designated terminating points. It should be noted that the constraints map was a desk top study and that the route corridors were bound by the major designated areas of protection and other obvious constraints.

A study of aerial photography for the entire study area to a scale of 1:10,000 in conjunction with the constraints map was carried out. Using the route corridors from the constraints study a detailed line route selection process was carried out on the aerial photography (flown mid 2004) with due reference to ribbon development at all crossing points, large country homes and any other obvious infrastructure that was visually apparent. These routes were placed simultaneously on the digitized constraints map taking into consideration all designated areas of protection. All archaeological and heritage sites were added to the constraints map at this stage and were taken into consideration for route options. Route options were refined and verified using a combination of information from both the aerial photographs and constraints data base.

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All route options were driven and all crossings points on roads were checked for sufficient clearances from existing dwellings or other possible constraints. In the event of tight crossings the distances were taken between dwellings. Also noted were any developments that were in progress or had been constructed since the date of issue of the aerial photography or of any planning site notices placed. In the event of the initial crossing point proving to be unavailable due to new developments alternative crossing points were investigated in the immediate vicinity and details noted. This process was also applied to crossing points that may have appeared feasible on the photography and constraints mapping but could prove to be contentious from an environmental perspective when viewed on the ground. Particular examples are the crossing of the River Blackwater adjacent to the scenic village of Donaghpatrick, the valley crossing at Kilmainhamwood and the vicinity around the village of Nobber. Visual inspections were also taken at the River Boyne crossing points, general areas of high visibility, potential substation sites and from the Hill of Tara.

After evaluating the information collected from the site visits, further modifications and route alternatives were added in conjunction with the aerial photography and constraints data base.

Constraints are discussed more fully in the specific section 4.2 and a description of the line route options are given in section 4.3.

The revised Route Options and Constraints Map is included as Appendix 1.

4.2 Constraints

4.2.1 Constraints Map

With the limits of the study area defined a constraints map was prepared to capture all constraints within the area that would impact on route selection. This included all existing transmission lines, designated Special Protection Areas (SPA’s), Special Areas of Conservation (SAC’s), National Heritage Areas (NHA’s) and FIPS (Forrestry) Ref.: Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government (DoEHLG) Records. All Sites and Monument Records (SMR’s) were added to the constraints map prior to the final routing for this report.

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The constraints included:  Landscape character  Land zoning, towns and rural dwellings  Electrical Infrastructure  General Infrastructure  Ecological Sites and Special Designated Protected Areas  Archaeological & Heritage sites  Quarries, Mines and Airstrips  Scenic and Tourist roads

Defined route options were chosen and placed on the constraints map taking all of the above factors into consideration. This was done in conjunction with a detailed study of aerial photography which gave clear indicators for road crossings, farm buidings and the myriad of country homes and estates prevalent in Co. Meath.

The associated sections of this chapter give a more detailed account of the constraints.

Ref.: Appendix 2: Line Route Options and Constraints Map (A0)

4.2.2 Landscape Character

The landscape character is perhaps the single most important area when routing a transmission line. All natural parks and areas of high scenic value were avoided along with open expanses of water and marshland. Where possible the overhead line should avoid approaching the shores of rivers or natural lakes. Towers should be positioned a minimum of 15 meters away from navigable waterways. Moderately open valleys with woods were selected where possible, especially where the apparent height of structures might be reduced. It should be noted that the vast majority of lands in the study area are of a flat and open nature encompassing two river valleys and changing to gentle rolling hills and drumlins in the northern part.

Where possible the line routes follow natural lines created by topographic change, geology, and vegetation that will help to minimise the visual impact. Where possible, the overhead line route was located on the middle slopes rather than siting them along the

Page - 5 - dominant axis and at the base of small valleys. It is preferable to avoid breaking the skyline.

Where possible, towers should be placed near to the most vertical elements in the landscape, such as tree group or hill slopes. Where the landscape has a complex character, a great number of towers can be visually absorbed.

Landscape Character Areas were interpreted by utilizing the contour lines. The landscape character of the study area is mainly flat and open with a more pronounced drumlin nature at the northern end of the routes. The ideal line of corridors in these areas would follow as much as possible the valleys between these drumlins. An area that could pose problems was flat terrain around rivers which would indicate the probability of flood plains and associated silt deposits. The proposed line would be steered away from these areas as they could entail complex foundations and possible objections at planning stage. High density contours would indicate steep hills and awkward future siting of mast positions.

Typical drumlin terrain landscape close to Kingscourt

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4.2.3 Existing Transmission Network

All proposed route options within the study area will have to cross the Louth – Maynooth 220kV line situated to the east and north of Woodland station and the Arva- Navan 110kV line which is running in an east – west direction just north of Navan town. The Flagford- Louth 220kV line runs in an east-west direction south of Kingscourt and will be looped into the new substation. Crossings would be ideally close to 90 degress.

North view of existing Flagford - Louth 220kV near Kingscourt Potential substation sites are directly behind the transmission line

4.2.4 Roadways

The N3 National Primary road extends northwards from Dublin via Navan and Kells on to Cavan. All route options within the defined study area will have to cross this road.

The NRA (National Roads Authority) has permission to construct a new motorway to be designated the M3 (Bord Pleanala approval Aug. 2003). The NRA plan for construction to commence in 2006 with a target completion date of 2010 but expected legal

Page - 7 - challenges may delay these dates. The proposed motorway route is shown on the Route Options Map and will run between Dunshaughlin and Woodland station in a northwest direction passing to the south of both Navan and Kells. The motorway continues in the direction of Cavan on leaving the study area. Route options would have to cross the proposed M3 at Grange on the northern route option (west of Navan) and at Boolies on the western route option (west of Kells). Crossing points are in open flat terrain and would be possible at, or close to, the optimum 90 degrees. On the single route option south of Navan the proposed line will be substantially further away from the Hill of Tara than the proposed M3 motorway.

Possible crossing point with proposed M3 at Grange

The following National Secondary roads will also have to be crossed dependent on the route option chosen.

N51: Navan - Athboy N52: Kells – Ardee R154: Dublin – Trim (due for upgrading)

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R161: Navan – Trim R162: Navan – Kingscourt R163: Slane – Kells R164: Kingscourt - Moyalty R165: Kingscourt – Ardee R194: Kells – Mullagh

Possible line route crossing point on R154 (Batterstown – Trim Road)

4.2.5 Ribbon Development

There is a high level of ribbon development in place which limits crossing opportunities on the major link roads and on the substantial network of smaller roads and lanes within the study area particularly within the Navan – Trim – Kells – Athtboy area. All road crossings were inspected on site to ensure adequate clearances existed at the present time. Most minor road crossings could accommodate a route corridor of 200m. Crossing the major roads linking Navan and Kells (N3), Navan and Athboy (N51) and Navan and Trim (R161) was more problematic and a number were in the minimum 100 to 200m. range. During the course of the site inspection it was found that developments not shown on aerial photography were in progress and modifications to initial route

Page - 9 - selections as well as new route options were investigated and are included on the mapping.

It is reasonable to assume that given the population growth rate predicted for Co. Meath (Section 4.2.6: Towns and Villages) that crossing opportunities will diminish even further in the relatively near future. A further factor that will impact in the future is the publication of ‘’Guidelines on Sustainable Rural Housing’’ published mid April 2005 which represents a presumption in favour of quality one off housing.

Ref.: Appendix 3- Aerial photograph showing density level of ribbon development at River Blackwater crossing west of Navan.

4.2.6 Towns and Villages

The study area encompasses the towns of Navan, Trim, Kells and Athboy and the villages of Nobber and Mullagh. Population growth in Co. Meath has been increasing substantially over the past ten years with a last census figure of 130,000. Present density levels vary considerably from the very rural areas in the northwest (less than 25 persons per square kilometer in a substantial number of DED’s) to more than 50 in the districts containing the main urban centres of Navan, Trim and Kells. Projections for the Meath County Development Plan and County Housing Strategy indicate that substantial increases are likely with projected totals of 161,000 in 2006 and rising to 180,000 in 2011. The population of Navan has doubled in the years 1996-2001 to over 22,000 and has continued this growth pattern in the interim 4 years. All of the main towns indicated above are within a relatively close distance to each other and a higher than normal level of ribbon development is prevalent. The routes chosen were generally equi-distant between these main towns unless dictated by areas of protection.

4.2.7 Ecological Sites and Special Designated Areas of Protection

County Meath has an extremely rich cultural heritage. There are five Special Areas of Conservation (SAC’s) within the county, one Special Protection Area for Birds (SPA), the Boyne Estuary and 22 National Heritage Areas (NHA’s). The landscape contains an extensive number of national monuments as well as a number of significient historical

Page - 10 - sites adjacent to Trim and Kells. All these areas are included on the Route Options Map showing their proximity to all route options examined.

Ecological areas of interest were highlighted by the Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government. These include NHAs (Natural Heritage Areas), SPAs (Special Protection Areas) and pcSACs (proposed candidate Special Areas of Conservation). These areas should be avoided as crossing them would be contrary to a future planning permission acquirement.

Extract from Cavan County Development Plan: ‘These sites are areas of importance to birds and other wildlife. The EU Birds Directive (79/409/eec) requires designation of Special Protection areas. Special Protection Areas along with Special Areas of Conservation collectively form part of ‘Natura 2000’, a network of protected areas throughout the European Union.

It is the policy of the Planning Authority to conserve and protect Special Protection Areas through the regulation of all development. Development that may threaten the integrity and value of the designated sites will not be allowed. Development that is close to a designated Special Protection Area will be assessed rigorously and where it is deemed that it negatively impacts on a site such development may require an Environmental Impact Statement.’, Cavan County Development Plan 2002.

Designated Areas for Flora and Fauna (SAC, SPA & NHA)

Proposed candidate Special Area of Conservation (pcSAC)

This is a statutory designation which has legal basis in the EU Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC) as transposed into Irish law through the European Communities (Natural Habitats) Regulations, 1997 (S.I. 94 of 1997). The main implication of this designation is that any project likely to have a significant adverse impact on the integrity of the pcSAC may only be carried out for “imperative reasons of overriding public interest, including those of a social or economic nature”. Where a pcSAC includes a “Priority Habitat” or a “Priority Species”, as indicated in Annex I and Annex IV of the Directive, then “the only considerations which may be raised are those relating to human health or

Page - 11 - public safety or, further to an opinion from the Commission, to other imperative reasons of overriding public interest”.

Designated Special Protection Area (SPA)

This is a statutory designation, which has legal basis in the EU Wild Birds Directive (79/409/EEC) as transposed into Irish law through the European Communities (Conservation of Wild Birds) Regulations, (various dates). Most, though not all, of these sites are located in wetlands or coastal areas, which have significant concentrations of birds. The implications of this designation are similar to the pcSAC but there is a provision in the statutory regulations to prevent “pollution or deterioration of habitats or any disturbance whatsoever” affecting the birds which use a SPA.

Proposed Natural Heritage Area (pNHA)

This is presently a non-statutory designation which replaced the previous designation, Area of Scientific Interest (ASI), about 1994. It becomes a statutory designation when the Wildlife (Amendment) Bill, 2000 becomes law. Most local authority development plans include an objective to protect pNHAs within their jurisdiction so this gives the designation some legal status under the Planning and Development Act, 2000. An application for planning permission for any development, which may have impacts on a pNHA, will be referred by the planning authority to the Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government (D.o.E.H.& L.G.) for comment.

Statutory Nature Reserve (SNR)

This is a statutory designation which can cover either state or private land which is of scientific interest. Reserves are designated under the Wildlife Act, 1976. There is an obligation to manage the land in accordance with the objectives for which it was designated. Most nature reserves are in state ownership and are managed by Dúchas, the Heritage Service. Any state agency which is involved in activities that may affect a reserve is required to consult with D.o.E.H.& L.G. and to take all practical steps to avoid or minimise any damage.

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Archaeological & Heritage Sites

All Sites and Monuments Records are shown on the Route Options and Constraints Map covering the study area (Appendix 2).

Archaeological heritage sites are administered by the Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government, (D.o.E.H.L.G.). The most recent boundaries of these designated areas were obtained from the department’s website. These include protected buildings, heritage sites including megalithic monuments earthworks, ringforts and other types of enclosures, ecclesiastical remains, crosses, holy wells and burial grounds, stone fortresses, castles, towers, bawns and forts.

Although archaeological sites are not considered a major constraint due to the high degree of flexibility in locating overhead line structures all route options shown take due notice of these sites and line distance from them was kept to 50m approximately where possible.

4.2.8 Rivers

Any route options taken within the study area will have to cross the River Boyne and River Blackwater which are designated SAC’s. Both rivers also have many tributaries in the catchment area which would have to be crossed.

The points at which the line route options cross the River Boyne and the River Blackwater are at the narrow points of the rivers and with the narrowest area of designated protection. Adjacent Existing developments on either side of the rivers impacted on crossing points to a small degree.

It can be assumed that there may be opposition to crossing these designated SAC’s by both Planning Authority and / or pressure groups highly active in the county due to the proposed M3 motorway plans.

The River Dee in the northeast of the study area (adjacent to the village of Nobber) would also be crossed if the eastern option is taken but this is unlikely to generate the same degree of adverse reaction.

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Crossing the River Boyne adjacent to R161 (Navan – Trim Road): Route E

Blackwater crossing viewed from N3: Route I

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4.2.9 Peatlands

Jamestown Bog is a designated NHA and is situated approximately 7km west of Navan. Major route options do not infringe on this peatland.

4.2.10 BGE (Bord Gais) Infrastructure

Two major gas pipelines cross the study area in an east – west direction and any proposed line route options will have to cross the pipelines. One pipeline is situated 4.3km north of Woodland Station and the second line is situated 3.5km south of Kingscourt and is in the vicinity of the proposed substation sites. The northern pipeline has two tee - off points in the vicinity of the substation sites. This pipe line may not have to be crossed depending on substation site chosen.

All proposed routes options cross the pipelines at or as close to 90 degrees as is possible. This is necessary to minimise inductive coupling but is only effective if the line remains at, or close to, this angle to the pipeline for a distance of approx. 3km either side of the pipeline crossing point (400kV development). Whilst it is reasonably possible to cross at 90 degrees it is difficult to maintain this angle for distances of 3km beyond the crossing points given the density of ribbon development and the high number of archaeological sites and designated areas of protection to be avoided. However, line routes chosen ensured that parallelism (between transmission line and gaspipe line) was avoided which lessens the likelihood of significant voltage induction.

In order to reduce the effects of conductive coupling during a fault the pipeline will have to be crossed as close to the mid-span as possible and the particular span at the crossing will be increased to the maximum allowable to ensure that towers are positioned as far away as possible from the pipeline.

It is recommended that a detailed study to determine the most effective mitigation measures be performed prior to design stage. This would include soil resistivity measurements and full technical details of both the proposed transmission line and the gas pipelines. Appendix 4: Bord Gais pipe line north of Woodland Appendix 5: Bord Gais pipe line south of Kingscourt

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4.2.11 Quarries, Mines and airstrips

There is no evidence to date, either from inspection of aerial photography or from onsite visual observance, that there are any quarries, mines or airstrips that would impact on the routes chosen.

4.2.12 Scenic and Tourist Roads

The Meath County Development Plan - Areas of Visual Quality (AVQ) was referenced and designated areas were examined and avoided in corridor route selections.

4.3 Line Route Options

4.3.1 Route descriptions

Ref.: Appendix 2: Route Options and Constraints Map Route options for the purpose of this study are given alphabetical designations and are as follows:

Woodland Station to the Townland of Cruminstown

Section A: Directly out of the western face of Woodland 400kV station heading in a north-east direction to Derrypatrick. Section length 6.8 km.

Section B: Use the unstrung northern side of the Oldstreet – Woodland 400kV line in a westerly direction out to the first angle mast (a distance of 3km approx.) before turning in a northwest direction to a common angle position at Derrypatrick. Advantages are less construction of steel masts and in all probability less direct negotiations with landowners given the shorter new line construction length. Both sections A & B cross the southern gas pipe line at as close to 90 degrees as is possible. Section length 7.5km (inc. 3km. carried on existing line).

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Station interface implications are given in Section 4. Substations, 4.1.1. Woodland 400kV Station.

Section C: Northwest and crossing the R154 (Dublin – Trim) road southeast of Batterjohn crossroads and proceeding to Cruminstown. This option has to pass behind the Grange Research Centre and is adjacent to the EU VET Centre. Because of the proximity to both centres and to Batterjohn crossroads a second option (D) was investigated. Section length 5km.

Section D: North- west behind Batterjohn crossroads and crossing R154 2km. north- west of Batterjohn and proceeding to a common angle mast at Cruminstown. Section length 5.6km.

Crumlintown to Dunderry:

Section E: Single route option which crosses the River Boyne at a narrow crossing point that is not viewable from any adjacent roads. A photograph is included in section 4.2.8 Rivers. The route crosses the R161 (Navan - Trim) immediately to the north of the river crossing. This route is also sensitive in that it is the closest point of the line route to the Hill of Tara. The distance is approximately 6km and would not be viewable from the Hill of Tara. In comparison, the proposed M3 moterway will be less than 2km from the Hill and the existing Louth – Maynooth 220kV line is approximately 1km away. Section length 8.5km.

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View from the Hill of Tara looking westwards Exising Louth – Maynooth 220kV line visable in background

Divergence of Route Options:

At Dunderry a major route divergence is available, giving 2 options.

1. Proceed in a northerly direction between Kells and Navan (approximately 4km west of Navan to the Kingscourt (Sections G-S). This overall option gives several options within the route and has the advantage of terminating at any of the three areas to the east, south and west of Kingscourt. The disadvantages are that the line generally would travel through more populous areas with associated crossing opportunity problems and would enter an area with a heavy number of architectural and heritage sites.

2. Change direction at Dunderry initially westwards towards Athboy and then head northwards west of Kells to the western terminating point of Kingscourt (Section F). The advantages and disadvantages are converse to those of Sections G-S, generally less populous, fewer heritage sites but terminating only to the west of Kingscourt.

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The major infrastructural constraints in the study area, ie. main roads, proposed M3 motorway, the second gas pipe line and the River Blackwater all traverse in an east – west direction, and all would have to be crossed by either option.

Dunderry to west of Kingscourt

Section F: Proceed initially westwards south of Jamestown Bog for approximately 7.5km before turning in a more northerly direction with Athboy 4km to the west and passing Kells to the west by 3km. The line would pass adjacent to the Peoples Park west of Kells. It also crosses the River Blackwater at this point which dictated the crossing point. It then proceeds towards the small town of Mullagh which is 1.5km to the west. Terrain at this point is of a more Drumlin character. The line would then have to cross the northern gas pipe line and one of its tees (2 crossings) before heading directly into the station site option approximately 6km west of Kingscourt. Crossings with pipelines were kept as close to 90 degrees as possible given the more difficult terrain in this area and the ribbon and farm developments. The line has the option of terminating either north or south of the existing Flagford – Louth 220KV line dependent on station site choice.Section length 39km. Total length from Woodland station approximately 60km.

Dunderry to station sites east, south and west of Kingscourt: Sections G – S:

These routes proceed directly northwards from Dunderry to the south of Nobber. At this point there are options for routes to stations situated in areas to the east, south and west of Kingscourt.

Dunderry – Phoenixtown Cross Roads

Section G: Proceed in a single route option northwards crossing the N51 (Navan – Athboy) and the proposed M3 motorway before terminating at a common angle mast approximately 1km east of Phoenixtown cross roads. This is a sensitive and potentially problematic area as the line now must cross the River Blackwater and the very scenic

Page - 19 - and picturesque village of Donaghpatrick in a designated Gealteacht area. Section length 7.8km .

Phoenixtown Cross Roads - Stone Cross Roads

Section H: As per corridor in the Constraints Study but would pass to the east of Donnaghpatrick village and would then navigate through dense ribbon development before terminating at Stone Cross roads. As the proposed line could be viewed from Donaghpatrick Bridge an alternative route option is given below (I). Length 6km.

Section I: Route alternative to the west of Donaghpatrick. Crosses the River Blackwater at a narrow crossing point which is not as visible from any public roadways as route H would be. It continues to the common angle mast at Stone Cross roads. As for route H there are many houses in the area but roads may be marginally easier to cross. Section length 6km.

Stone Cross Roads to South of Nobber

Section J: Single route option proceeding northwards passing to the west of Ermlagh Forrestry. Generally good crossing opportunities on flat terrain and not viewed from roads until crossing the N52 (Kells – Ardee). Terminates on an common mast (option divergence) approximately 2km south of the village of Nobber. Section length 8.3km.

South of Nobber to station site east of Kingscourt:

South of Nobber to east of Nobber

Section K: Proceed in a northeast direction bypassing the village of Nobber to the east and crossing the R162 ( Navan – Kingscourt) and the River Dee. Section length 3.8km.

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East of Nobber to station site

Section L: Continues in a northeast direction crossing the northern gas pipeline and R165 (Kingcourt – Drumcondra) at approximately 90 degrees and terminating at station sites to the east of Kingscourt and south of the existing Flagford – Louth 220kv line. The village of Drumcondra is 1.5km to the east. Terrain is of a drumlin naturew. Station site is approximately 5km east of the existing Meath Hill 110kV station. Section length 7km.

Section M: Similar to option L. The general area has ribbon development and may give alternative crossing options. Section length 6.4km

Section N: Continues from a common angle mast into substation site. Section line length 1km. Total line length from Kingscourt station 56km. approximately.

South of Nobber to station site south of Kingscourt

Section O: Proceed in a northwest direction bypassing the village of Nobber to the west by approx. 2.5km. This area around Nobber is heavily populated by ringforts, crannogs and enclosures. The route is also bound by protected forest areas, Whitewood Lough and some substantial ribbon development. Section length 3.7km

Section P: Proceeds due east for crossing the R165 (Kingscourt – Drumcondra). Section length 2.9km.

Section Q: After the road crossing it runs relatively unhindered in a northerly direction towards a potential station site south of Kingscourt. Station site is approximately 4km southwest of the existing Meath Hill 110kV station. This route would not cross the northern gas pipe line. Section length 4km. Total line length from Woodland station 55 km approximately.

Link

Section R: A line route is available linking the route to the east of Nobber to the route west of Nobber and is situated to the north of Nobber. Section length 2.6km.

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South of Nobber to station site west of Kingscourt: Sections 0 / S:

Section O: Single route option proceeding in a northwest direction bypassing the village of Nobber to the west by approximately 2.5km.This section is common to route heading to station south of Kingscourt. Section length 3.7km.

Section S: It continues in the same direction for 3.2km bound to the east by Whitewood Lough and to the west by hilly terrain. A slight detour takes place in order to by-pass the village of Kilmainham and to ensure a good crossing point of the Kilmainham River which has a substantial valley profile as it gets close to the village. Crossing points were hampered by developments along the links roads to the village. The northern gas pipe line was also in this area and ensuring a crossing point of 90 degrees was a further constraining factor. On crossing the valley it continues in a northwest direction crossing the R164 (Kingscourt – Moynalty) and then travels relatively unimpeded through very hilyl terrain towards the potential station sites west of Kingscourt. The proposed line may or may not cross the existing Flagford – Louth 220kK line depending on the site station chosen. Section length 10km. Total line length from Woodland station 58km approx.

4.3.2 General assumptions, caveats and conclusions

At this stage no preferred line route option has been chosen primarily due to the inbuilt flexibility provided in the final stage of the route as several potential substation sites were examined. Once the terminating point of the 275Kv North – South line has been agreed a preferred line route corridor can be established.

All potential route corridors were identified from the initial desktop constraints mapping exercise. These corridors were identified by the avoidance of major constraints, areas of high population density and because the landscape generally has the ability to incorporate such a development with minimal impact on landscape. The initial routes corridor options were modified after site studies and defined crossing points have been established. However it should be noted that these potential route

Page - 22 - corridors have only been supported by drive though surveys and not detailed on-site investigations or reference to environmental consultants.

It is accepted that the scale of a proposed 400kV development, where towers can be in excess of 30m high, will mean that the line will be visible in the landscape but with careful route selection and mast placement its impacts can be reduced. The countryside through which the proposed route would pass is generally of a high quality where landscape character and visual amenity are potentially sensitive to change from a development of this nature. In the southern route area where the topography is very flat the proposals were routed away from main roads in so far as was practical and road crossings were kept as close to 90 degrees as possible. In the northern part of the study area use was made of the natural screening potential of the drumlin topography and will, with careful placement, reduce the visual impact of the masts. However drumlin landscape can create difficulties in route selection due to the nature of changes in levels and maintaining straight lines over distances with a resultant higher number of angle masts. Numerous hedgerows, individual trees and pockets of woodland can help to create intermittent screening in the landscape which can be exploited for route selection. Higher ground was avoided to ensure that masts and lines are not seen on the skyline. Masts whould not generally be placed adjacent to road crossings.

There are numerous dwellings along all roads along with substantial farm buildings throughout the area. Potential routes were chosen to avoid these. There is also a high proportion of county houses with long access avenues throughout the study area. All line route options endeavored not to cross these avenues.

No survey took place of the proposed routes nor was it walked. Only a drive by survey of all road crossings was carried out to check as to the feasibility of the corridor along with ensuring adequate clearances from existing developments.. Rights of way, historical trails etc. were not marked up on the constraints maps. It is assumed walking routes can be crossed without wayleave / planning problems. Apart from the M3 It is assumed that no future major developments will come on stream in the near future.

It is recommended that crossings of existing HV transmission lines be investigated as part of detailed routing. Crossing angles are at, or close to, the optimum 90 degrees.

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Conflicts with existing distribution network including 38kV, 10kV and LV or with existing communication lines including Eircom have not been investigated or quantified.

The route options and crossing points vary in width dependent on relative proximity to urban centres but are reduced in some locations to pinch points of approx 100m. Scope for modifications is generally more flexible on the western option route (F) and as the routes move closer to the proposed new substation site study area.

It is assumed that the route options will not be further encroached by:  Major developments not known at this time including major roads, transmission lines etc  No additional areas are added to the NHA’s, SAC’s listings.  No additional archaeological sites/monuments are added to listings.  Urban commercial/residential zones are not expanded beyond present limits in towns e.g. Navan, Trim, Kells, Athboy, Nobber etc.  Additional scenic viewing points, scenic drives etc are not added by County Councils etc.  Proximity to Secondary Amenity Areas will not incur planning restrictions e.g. minimum distance in sight lines etc.  No planning restrictions on routing close or adjacent to Designated Areas of Protection  Dismantled railways are not refurbished and used commercially again on or near the proposed route corridor.  No other commercial/industrial developments will take place in or near route corridor e.g. wind-farms, manufacturing plants, etc.  Local or private airfields.

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4.4 Substations

4.4.1 Woodland 400kV station There are two route options out of Woodland station and these are discussed in Line Route Options section 4.1.3. Line interface and Bay capacity implications for an incoming 400KV line are as follows: Switchgear: Although space is available on the 400kV side of the Substation to cater for a busbar with 6 feeders, the busbar, as constructed, can only accommodate three 400kV feeders.  Bay E6 on the A2/B2 section of the busbar: In service as Oldstreet 400kV Line bay  Bay E2 on the A2/B2 section of busbar : Spare  Bay E3 on the A1/B1 section of busbar: Spare and partially equipped.

Both of the spare bays are to the south of the Oldstreet Feeder bay.

As the proposed Kingscourt feeder will be to the north side, two possible options exist to cater for this new connection.

Option 1: Relocate the existing Oldstreet Feeder bay to bay E2 or E3. Within the Substation this would require equipping bay E2 or E3 and relocation of the shunt reactor on the Oldstreet bay. Bay E6 would then be available for the proposed Kingscourt feeder.

Option2: Extend the busbar on the north side and install a new line bay.

Control/Protection:

Sufficient space exists within the Relay room for the required Protection Cabinets. The existing 400kV busbar protection was designed to cater for bay E3 so it should be possible to re-use this for the proposed Kingscourt bay.

Ref.: Appendix 6: Woodland 400kV Station: Line Bay Layout

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Potential use of unstrung northern phase on existing Oldstreet - Woodland 400kV line (tee off point from angle mast visible in background)

4.4.2 Proposed Kingscourt 400kV Station Site studies were carried out in the general vicinities of the three main route terminating points which covers an area of approx. 70,000 hectares (70sq.km) and spanning a linear length of approximately 15km south of Kingscourt. A total of 23 potential sites and 12 flexible areas for site placement were located. All the potential sites are evaluated and rated in the context of general topography, access, sightlines, proximity of housing and any potential conflicts in terms of archeology. This study was carried out by on – site evaluations and did not involve any dealings with landowners. However, there is a good spread of sites with excellent screening potential in the study area and it is assumed that a final site could be found from the range given once the final terminating point of the line routes (400 and 275kV) is established.

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Site Potential General Housing Archeology Access Sightlines No. 1-10 Low-Lying. Easily 1 screened. No obvious No No Conflict Good Good 9 overlook. Easily screened. No 2 obvious difficulties. Minimal No Conflict Good Good 8 38kV line crossing.

Easily screened. No 3 Minimal No Conflict Good Good 8 obvious difficulties. Good. Existing farm Minor - road would need to Kilboyne hill 4 No Good Good 8 be upgraded to to south of facilitate access. site Minor - Good. Full access Kilboyne hill 5 road would need to Minimal Good Good 8 to south of be constructed. site Good. Station access road off existing farm In vicinity but 6 access which would Minimal Good Good 7 no conflict need upgrade. 38kV line crossing. Good. Full access In vicinity but 7 road would need to No Good Good 8 no conflict be constructed. Good. Existing farm road would need to Cul-de-sac 8 be upgraded to No No Conflict Fair 7 location facilitate access. *North of 220kV. Fair. Existing farm road would need to be upgraded to Cul-de-sac 9 No No Conflict Fair 7 facilitate access. Low location lying and potentially wet. *North of 220kV. Geographically OK but overlooked by housing on several fronts. Heavy To be 10 Heavy No Conflict Poor 4 screening required determined and full access road to be constructed. *North of 220kV.

11 Attractive overall Minimal No Conflict Good Good 9

12 Attractive overall Minimal No Conflict Good Good 9 Low-Lying. Easily screened. No obvious In vicinity but 13 Minimal Good Good 7 overlook. *North of no conflict 220kV.

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Low-Lying. Easily In vicinity but 14 screened. No obvious Minimal Good Good 8 no conflict overlook. Low-Lying, natural screening on three In vicinity but 15 Minimal Good Good 8 sides. Close to no conflict 220kV. Good. Existing farm road would need to 16 be upgraded to No No Conflict Fair Good 8 facilitate access. Easily screened. Good. Existing farm road would need to 17 be upgraded to No No Conflict Fair Good 8 facilitate access. Easily screened. Attractive overall, To be 18 access would have to No No Conflict construct Good 8 be constructed. ed Low-Lying, some natural screening. To be To be 19 Station could be Minimal No Conflict construct 7 determined easily hidden. Close ed to 220kV. Good. Existing farm road would probably In vicinity but 20 cater for Station Minimal Good Good 9 no conflict access. Easily screened. Good. Existing farm road would need to In vicinity but 21 be upgraded to Minimal Good Good 8 no conflict facilitate access. Easily screened. Attractive overall, access would have to In vicinity but 22 be constructed and No Fair Good 8 no conflict extensive screening would be necessary. Low-Lying, Good natural screening from main road. To be Station could be To be 23 No No Conflict construct 7 easily hidden. Close determined ed to 220kV. Access would have to be constructed. Note: The areas shown as polygons All sites are on the map provide a outside of the level of flexibility with gas pipeline the Station location exclusion and are suitable zone of 1kM. overall.

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Typical station site option with flat terrain and good screening potential

It is assumed Planning permission will be received for a proposed Kingscourt Substation.

Appendix 7: Preliminary Site Selection: Locations Map

5.0 Consultation

Consultation took place with BGE with regards to existing infrastructure within the defined study area. Pipeline routes shown on all maps are as obtained from an Bord Gais. No consultations or meetings were held with any Local Authority Planners at this stage as per scope.

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6.0 Project Programme

Ref.: Appendix 8: Outline Programme

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7.0 Conclusions and Recommendations

If a decision is made to proceed with a transmission line connection between the existing Woodland 400kV station and a proposed station in the vicinity of Kingscourt it is recommended that detailed site investigation and route evaluation with environmental consultants be undertaken if these route corridors are to be proceeded with. Other alterative route corridors may also be available.

Overhead line crossing points on main roads are found to be generally tight and it can be assumed that route corridors will remain under threat from expanding infrastructural development and one off housing in the near future. This will be particularly prevalent around urban areas such as Navan, Trim and Kells where development is influenced by the opportunities and pressures emanating from Dublin metropolitan area.

There is spare bay capacity at Woodland 400kV station to accommodate the overhead line. The study area for a new station in the region of Kingscourt has many suitable sites in all locations where route options may terminate.

In terms of environmental issues it is concluded that Co. Meath is an area very rich in cultural heritage sites with a higher than average number of designated areas of protection. The proposals have routed away from these sites but will entail the crossing of the River Boyle and River Blackwater whose valleys are designated as areas of protection. This may prove contentious with planners or other groups dedicated to the protection of the environment such as those opposed to the building of the M3.

All alternative route corridors cross BGE gas pipelines. It is recommended that a detailed study be carried out as part of the phase 1 project to assess coupling issues of the proposed development and the BGE pipelines.

Routes have not been agreed with any planning authorities, public bodies or landowners at this stage.

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This feasibility report concludes that route corridors between Woodland and a proposed substation south of Kingscourt are currently available as detailed in this report and shown on the Route Options and Physical Constraints Map: Appendix 2.

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Appendices

1. Study Area Map (A3)

2. Route Options and Physical Constraints Map (A0)

3. Arial Photography: Typical Ribbon Development (A3)

4. BGE gas pipeline north of Woodland (A3)

5. BGE gas pipeline south of Kingscourt (A3)

6. Woodland 400kV Station: Line Bay Layout

7. Preliminary Site Selection: Locations Map (A3)

8. Programme

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