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People Who Use Nps/Stimulants: Basic Needs and Barriers in Access to Hiv Related Medical and Social Services in Ukraine

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People Who Use Nps/Stimulants: Basic Needs and Barriers in Access to Hiv Related Medical and Social Services in Ukraine PEOPLE WHO USE NPS/STIMULANTS: BASIC NEEDS AND BARRIERS IN ACCESS TO HIV RELATED MEDICAL AND SOCIAL SERVICES IN UKRAINE TECHNICAL REPORT UNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON DRUGS AND CRIME Vienna Project "Partnership for Effective HIV Prevention and Care for People Who Use Drugs in Ukraine" People Who Use NPS/Stimulants: Basic Needs and Barriers in Access to HIV Related Medical and Social Services in Ukraine Kyiv, 2020 4 This translation was made by UNODC Regional Programme Office for Eastern Europe (UNODC RPOEE). UNODC RPOEE is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original Ukrainian edition shall be the binding and authentic edition. People Who Use NPS/Stimulants: Basic Needs and Barriers in Access to HIV Related Medical and Social Services in Ukraine. © Regional Program Office for Eastern Europe of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, 2020 Rights protected. The document may be copied, distributed and adapted for non-commercial purposes provided that reference is made to this document, as set out below. In any case, the use of this document does not imply that UNODC approves any particular organization, product or service. Unauthorized use of the names or logos of the UNODC is not allowed. Adaptation of this document requires permission from UNODC RPOEE. In the case of a translation of the document text, an explanatory note is provided together with the proposed quotation: "This translation was not created by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). UNODC is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original version in Ukrainian is a legally binding authentic edition". Any mediation in disputes is carried out in accordance with the rules of the UNDOC. Recommended citation. People Who Use NPS/Stimulants: Basic Needs and Barriers in Access to HIV Related Medical and Social Services in Ukraine, Kyiv, 2020 Third party materials.The use of third-party materials in this document, such as tables, figures or photographs, places the user's responsibility for obtaining permission for such use from third parties and permission from the copyright owner. The risk of claims caused by the infringement of the right of a third party in connection with any component of the document rests solely with the user. General disclaimer.The designations and representations used in this publication do not imply the expression of a UNODC opinion on the legal status of any country (territory, city or district) or its authorities, or on the delimitation of its border. Dotted and dashed lines on the maps indicate the approximate lines of borders, on which there is no full agreement. Mention of specific organizations, companies or certain goods or programs does not mean that they are approved or recommended by UNODC in comparison with others, similar in nature, not mentioned. Errors and omissions are excluded, the names of patented products are separated by initial capital letters. UNODC has taken all reasonable precautions to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is distributed without any guarantees, express or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material rests with the reader. In no case are UNODC liable for damages resulting from its use. Design and layout by — Ukraine - de Lage Landen Consulting Group LLC. Printed in Ukraine. 5 Acknowledgements This technical report was developed by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) Regional Programme office for Eastern Europe in collaboration with representatives from the community of people who use drugs, national and international experts in the field. Oleksandra Yatsura and Liliia Tarasiuk, coordinated the development of the study and methodology under the supervision of Sergii Rudyi, National Programme Officer, UNODC. The technical report was consolidated and written by Oleksandra Yatsura and Hennadii Roshchupkin. The study was conducted with the kind support by representatives of Key Populations (KP) and Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) - Andrii Chernyshov, Oleh Dymaretskyi, Yuliia Kohan, Anton Tomozov, Petro Poliantsev, Vitalii Tsariuk, and Dmytro Shamrai. Other UNODC staff who made significant contributions include Zhannat Kosmukhamedova, Head, UNODC Regional Programme Office for Eastern Europe; Gorica Popovic, UNODC; Ilia Iurchenko, UNODC. This technical report was cleared by Research and Trend Analysis Branch of United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS Abbreviations ...................................................................................................................................................... 9 Executive Summary .......................................................................................................................................... 10 Recommendations ............................................................................................................................................ 11 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 13 Methodological principles of the assessment ................................................................................................... 15 Socio-demographic profile of participants of the assessment ......................................................................... 18 Chapter 1. Actual models of NPS/stimulant use in Ukraine ...................................................................... 23 1.1. Types of narcotic substances and practice of their use ....................................................................................................23 1.1.1. The most popular NPS/stimulants among KPs ..................................................................................................... 23 1.1.2. Practices and experience of using NPS/stimulants among KP representatives .............................................. 31 1.2. Alcohol consumption by users of psychoactive substances ........................................................................................... 36 1.3. Environments where NPS/stimulants are used ............................................................................................................... 38 1.4. Cases of overdose among users of psychoactive substances .......................................................................................... 42 1.5. Needs related to the use of NPS .......................................................................................................................................... 43 1.5.1. Access to NPS/stimulants .......................................................................................................................................... 43 1.5.2. Access to NPS/stimulants during quarantine (COVID-19) ............................................................................... 45 1.5.3. Other needs ................................................................................................................................................................... 46 Chapter 2. Basic needs related to access to health services for representatives of the TGA ...................... 49 2.1. Use of health services by representatives of the communities ....................................................................................... 49 2.1.1. Visiting a medical facility, examination .................................................................................................................... 49 2.1.2. Testing ............................................................................................................................................................................ 52 2.1.3. Treatment of diseases ................................................................................................................................................... 57 2.1.4. Refusal of medical services ......................................................................................................................................... 60 2.2. Awareness of respondents about the risks to their health and relevant medical services ......................................... 61 2.2.1. Awareness of the risk of injecting drug use .............................................................................................................. 61 2.2.2. Participation in opioid substitution therapy (OST) programs ........................................................................... 62 2.2.3. Pre-exposure prophylaxis ............................................................................................................................................ 63 2.2.4. Help in cases of overdose ............................................................................................................................................ 65 2.2.5. Treatment of drug addiction ...................................................................................................................................... 67 2.3. Sources of information on HIV/STIs/hepatitis, medical and social services ............................................................ 70 Chapter 3. Basic needs related to availability of social services for representatives of the TGA .................. 75 3.1. Awareness of respondents about social services .............................................................................................................
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