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Journal of Threatened Taxa PLATINUM The Journal of Threatened Taxa (JoTT) is dedicated to building evidence for conservaton globally by publishing peer-reviewed artcles OPEN ACCESS online every month at a reasonably rapid rate at www.threatenedtaxa.org. All artcles published in JoTT are registered under Creatve Commons Atributon 4.0 Internatonal License unless otherwise mentoned. JoTT allows unrestricted use, reproducton, and distributon of artcles in any medium by providing adequate credit to the author(s) and the source of publicaton. Journal of Threatened Taxa Building evidence for conservaton globally www.threatenedtaxa.org ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) | ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) Communication Dragonflies and damselflies (Insecta: Odonata) of the Kole Wetlands, central Kerala, India A. Vivek Chandran, Subin K. Jose & Sujith V. Gopalan 26 March 2021 | Vol. 13 | No. 3 | Pages: 17963–17971 DOI: 10.11609/jot.5885.13.3.17963-17971 For Focus, Scope, Aims, Policies, and Guidelines visit htps://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/editorialPolicies#custom-0 For Artcle Submission Guidelines, visit htps://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/submissions#onlineSubmissions For Policies against Scientfc Misconduct, visit htps://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/editorialPolicies#custom-2 For reprints, contact <[email protected]> The opinions expressed by the authors do not refect the views of the Journal of Threatened Taxa, Wildlife Informaton Liaison Development Society, Zoo Outreach Organizaton, or any of the partners. The journal, the publisher, the host, and the part- Publisher & Host ners are not responsible for the accuracy of the politcal boundaries shown in the maps by the authors. Member Threatened Taxa Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 March 2021 | 13(3): 17963–17971 ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) | ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) PLATINUM OPEN ACCESS htps://doi.org/10.11609/jot.5885.13.3.17963-17971 #5885 | Received 21 March 2020 | Final received 11 November 2020 | Finally accepted 05 March 2021 COMMUNICATION Dragonfies and damselfies (Insecta: Odonata) of the Kole Wetlands, central Kerala, India A. Vivek Chandran 1 , Subin K. Jose 2 & Sujith V. Gopalan 3 1,2 Department of Geology and Environmental Science, Christ College, Irinjalakuda, Thrissur, Kerala 680125, India. 3 Department of Zoology, University College, Research Centre, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695034, India. 1 [email protected], 2 [email protected], 3 [email protected] (corresponding author) Abstract: A year-long study was conducted at the Kole Wetlands, a Ramsar site in central Kerala to document the diversity of dragonfies and damselfies and understand their seasonality. Checklist survey method was used to sample adult odonates in 30 randomly chosen locatons. A total of 44 species (30 dragonfies and 14 damselfies) belonging to 33 genera and eight families were recorded in the study area. Species richness showed a peak in the post-monsoon season and a dip in the summer. The observatons support the value of the Kole Wetlands in providing valuable resources for Odonata. Keywords: Conservaton, insect diversity, Ramsar site, seasonality, wetlands. Editor: Ashish D. Tiple, Vidyabharat College, Wardha, India. Date of publicaton: 26 March 2021 (online & print) Citaton: Chandran, A.V., S.K. Jose & S.V. Gopalan (2021). Dragonfies and damselfies (Insecta: Odonata) of the Kole Wetlands, central Kerala, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 13(3): 17963–17971. htps://doi.org/10.11609/jot.5885.13.3.17963-17971 Copyright: © Chandran et al. 2021. Creatve Commons Atributon 4.0 Internatonal License. JoTT allows unrestricted use, reproducton, and distributon of this artcle in any medium by providing adequate credit to the author(s) and the source of publicaton. Funding: This work was partally supported by Kerala State Biodiversity Board through WWF-India and C Achutha Menon - T R Chandra Dut Fellowship 2019 of Centre of Science and Technology for Rural Development (COSTFORD) awarded to A. Vivek Chandran. Competng interests: The authors declare no competng interests. Author details: A. Vivek Chandran is a PhD scholar at the Department of Geology and Environmental Science, Christ College (Autonomous), Irinjalakuda. His specifc felds of interest are taxonomy and ecology of odonates. Subin K. Jose is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Geology and Environmental Science, Christ College (Autonomous), Irinjalakuda. His research interests are remote sensing, GIS and landscape ecology. Sujith V. Gopalan is a conservaton biologist with research focused on evoluton, ecology, populaton genetcs, phylogeny and systematcs of amphibians and odonates of the Western Ghats. Author contributon: SKJ and SVG designed the study. AVC and SVG collected data from the feld. AVC analysed the data. AVC, SKJ and SVG wrote the paper. Acknowledgements: We thank Subin K.S. for helping us in the feld. We are indebted to Society for Odonate Studies (SOS), Kerala for the encouragement and technical support. SVG and AVC are thankful to Kerala State Biodiversity Board and Centre of Science and Technology For Rural Development (COSTFORD), Thrissur, respectvely, for providing the fnancial support for the feldwork. 17963 J TT Dragonfies and damselfies of Kole Wetlands Chandran et al. INTRODUCTION METHODS Insect diversity is threatened worldwide because Study area of habitat loss, polluton, biological factors including The Kole wetlands are spread over Thrissur and pathogens, introduced species, and climate change Malappuram districts in Kerala, covering an area (Sánchez-Bayo & Wyckhuys 2019). Because insects of 13,632ha. Extending from the northern bank of consttute the world’s most abundant and speciose Chalakudy River in the south to the southern bank of animal group and provide critcal services within Bharathapuzha River in the north, this area lies between ecosystems, such an event cannot be ignored and should 10.3333°–10.6666°N & 75.9666°–76.1833°E (Johnkuty prompt decisive acton to avert a catastrophic collapse of & Venugopal 1993). A unique feature of the Kole lands is nature’s ecosystems (May 2010). The situaton urgently that they remain submerged under foodwater for about demands carrying out insect diversity studies in tropical six months in a year during the southwest monsoon. countries like India, from where such informaton The Kole wetlands are split into three regions by the is lacking (Poorani & Verghese 2015). The order rivers draining them – Ponnani Kole lies to the north Odonata, popularly known as dragonfies (suborder of Kecherypuzha; Thrissur North Kole lies in between Anisoptera) and damselfies (suborder Zygoptera) are Kecherypuzha and Karuvannur rivers; and Thrissur South primarily associated with wetlands and surrounding Kole lies to the south of Karuvannur River (Figure 1). landscapes. Their adults are terrestrial/aerial and larvae Even though they are human-modifed ecosystems, Kole are aquatc. They have been suggested as barometers wetlands ofer a variety of microhabitats for odonates for environmental change due to their sensitvity to (Image 1). anthropogenic stressors (Hassall 2015) and variaton in The study was conducted from February 2019 to habitat quality (Clark & Samways 1996). Globally, 6,312 February 2020. Thirty sampling locatons were chosen species of odonates are known (Schorr & Paulson 2020). randomly intending maximum spatal coverage of the In India, 497 species and 27 subspecies in 154 genera and Kole wetlands. Nine sampling locatons each were 18 families are known (Joshi & Sawant 2020; Kalkman et chosen in Ponnani Kole and Thrissur South Kole. The al. 2020; Payra et al. 2020; Subramanian & Babu 2020); more extensive Thrissur North Kole was assigned 12 175 species of odonates have been recorded from Kerala sampling locatons. One sampling locaton in each of tll date (Society for Odonate Studies 2020). the three regions of the Kole wetlands was visited every The wetlands in Kerala are subjected to acute month. The others were visited as frequently as possible pressure owing to rapid developmental actvites and (Table 1). The checklist survey method was adopted for indiscriminate utlizaton of land and water. The major the study (Royer et al. 1998). In every site, the observer issues facing the wetlands of Kerala are polluton, searched all the available microhabitats for an hour and eutrophicaton, encroachment, reclamaton, mining, and recorded the species encountered. All the feld visits biodiversity loss (Kokkal et al. 2008). The Kole Wetlands were made between 09.00h and 11.00h when the adult is a Ramsar site since 2002 (Islam & Rahmani 2008), an odonates were observed to be most actve (A. Vivek important bird area since 2004 (Islam & Rahmani 2004), Chandran pers. obs. 01.ii.2019). Individuals encountered and a high value biodiversity area since 2009 (MoEF were photographed and identfed referring to taxonomic 2009). The Kole wetlands are low-lying tracts located monographs (Fraser 1933, 1934, 1936) and feld guides 0.5–1 m below the mean sea level. Wetland agriculture, (Subramanian 2005, 2009; Kiran & Raju 2013). Species mainly paddy cultvaton is the most important actvity which could not be identfed readily in the feld were undertaken in these wetlands. The name Kole in the caught using a sweeping net, their detailed photographs regional language Malayalam indicates bumper yield taken and released back. Systematc arrangement and or high returns under favourable conditons (Srinivasan taxonomy followed in the checklist is afer Subramanian 2012). Kole
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