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Migration of Adult Salmonids in the Federal Columbia River Hydrosystem: a Summary of Radiotelemetry Studies, 1996-2014

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Migration of Adult Salmonids in the Federal Columbia River Hydrosystem: a Summary of Radiotelemetry Studies, 1996-2014 Technical Report 2017-2-DRAFT __________________________________________________________________ MIGRATION OF ADULT SALMONIDS IN THE FEDERAL COLUMBIA RIVER HYDROSYSTEM: A SUMMARY OF RADIOTELEMETRY STUDIES, 1996-2014 Prepared by: Matthew L. Keefer1, Michael A. Jepson1, and Tami S. Clabough1 and 1 Christopher C. Caudill Principal Investigators: Theodore C. Bjornn1, Brian J. Burke2, Christopher C. Caudill1, Kinsey Frick2, Alicia L. Matter2, Mary L. Moser2, Christopher A. Peery1, Lowell C. Stuehrenberg2 1Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences & Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit College of Natural Resources, University of Idaho, Moscow 2Northwest Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle Prepared for: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Portland District DRAFT Technical Report 2017-2-DRAFT MIGRATION OF ADULT SALMONIDS IN THE FEDERAL COLUMBIA RIVER HYDROSYSTEM: A SUMMARY OF RADIOTELEMETRY STUDIES, 1996-2014 Prepared for: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Portland District Under contract #: W912HZ-16-2-0013 DRAFT i TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................. v 1.0 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 SUMMARY OF OBJECTIVES ................................................................................. 2 1.1.1 RADIOTELEMETRY STUDY METADATA ............................................. 2 1.1.2 COMPILE AND ARCHIVE RADIOTELEMETY DATA......................... 2 1.1.3 BIBLIOGRAPHY OF RESEARCH REPORTS AND PAPERS ............... 3 1.1.4 SUMMARY OF ADULT PASSAGE METRICS ......................................... 3 2.0 ADULT FISH COLLECTION, TAGGING, AND RELEASE ......................................... 4 2.1 ADULT FISH FACILITY AT BONNEVILLE DAM .............................................. 4 2.1.1 FISH COLLECTION AND SELECTION ................................................... 4 2.1.2 FISH HANDLING PROTOCOLS ................................................................ 5 2.1.3 RADIO TRANSMITTERS, SECONDARY TAGS, AND TAG REWARD PROGRAMS ................................................................................ 7 2.1.4 FISH RELEASE LOCATIONS..................................................................... 10 2.2 RADIO-TAGGED SAMPLE SUMMARY................................................................ 12 2.2.1 NUMBERS OF FISH TAGGED AND RELEASED ................................... 12 2.2.2 KNOWN-ORIGIN FISH ................................................................................ 13 2.2.3 FIN-CLIP STATUS AND SEX ASSIGNMENTS ........................................ 16 2.2.4 FORK LENGTH DISTRIBUTIONS ............................................................ 17 2.2.5 SAMPLE COLLECTION TIMING ............................................................. 21 3.0 COMPILE AND ARCHIVE RADIOTELEMETRY DATA ............................................. 30 3.1 TELEMETRY DATA .................................................................................................. 30 3.1.1 INDIVIDUAL FISH DATABASES: ‘TAG FILES’ .................................... 30 3.1.2 INDIVIDUAL FISH DATABASES: ‘FATE FILES’ .................................. 32 3.1.3 MONITORING: FIXED-SITE ANTENNA LOCATIONS ........................ 33 3.1.4 MONITORING: MOBILE TRACKING ..................................................... 36 3.1.5 MONITORING: PIT-TAG INTERROGATION HISTORIES ................. 36 3.1.6 TELEMETRY DATABASES: ‘GENERAL MIGRATION FILES’ ......... 37 4.0 FCRPS ACTIONS POTENTIALLY AFFECTING ADULT PASSAGE ........................ 40 4.1 TIMELINES OF STRUCTURAL AND OPERATIONAL CHANGES ................. 40 4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL PROFILES AT FCRPS DAMS ............................................. 46 5.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY OF RESEARCH RESULTS ................................................................. 54 5.1 PEER-REVIEWED PAPER ABSTRACTS .............................................................. 54 5.2 TECHNICAL REPORT ABSTRACTS AND EXECUTIVE SUMMARIES ........ 68 5.3 LETTER REPORTS ...................................................................................................125 5.4 SUBJECT MATTER INDEX .....................................................................................131 5.4.1 BONNEVILLE DAM AND POOL ...............................................................131 5.4.2 THE DALLES DAM AND POOL ................................................................134 5.4.3 JOHN DAY DAM AND POOL .....................................................................137 ii 5.4.4 MCNARY DAM AND POOL ........................................................................139 5.4.5 ICE HARBOR DAM AND POOL ................................................................141 5.4.6 LOWER MONUMENTAL DAM AND POOL ...........................................143 5.4.7 LITTLE GOOSE DAM AND POOL ............................................................145 5.4.8 LOWER GRANITE DAM AND POOL .......................................................147 5.4.9 PRIEST RAPIDS DAM AND POOL ............................................................149 5.4.10 WANAPUM DAM AND POOL ....................................................................150 5.4.11 SYSTEM-WIDE AND MULTIPLE-DAM REACHES ..............................150 6.0 ADULT PASSAGE METRICS ............................................................................................156 6.1 RADIO ANTENNA DETECTION EFFICIENCY...................................................156 6.1.1 AERIAL ANTENNA DETECTION EFFICIENCY: TAILRACES ..........157 6.2 FISH PASSAGE EFFICIENCY ESTIMATES.........................................................158 6.2.1 TAILRACE PASSAGE EFFICIENCY ........................................................158 6.2.2 FISHWAY ATTRACTION EFFICIENCY .................................................158 6.2.3 FISHWAY ENTRANCE EFFICIENCY ......................................................160 6.2.4 FISHWAY PASSAGE EFFICIENCY ..........................................................161 6.2.5 DAM PASSAGE EFFICIENCY ....................................................................163 6.3 TAILRACE, FISHWAY, AND DAM PASSAGE TIMES .......................................166 6.3.1 FIRST TAILRACE TO FIRST FISHWAY APPROACH .........................166 6.3.2 FIRST FISHWAY APPROACH TO FIRST FISHWAY ENTRY ............168 6.3.3 FIRST TRANSITION POOL ENTRY TO LAST LADDER ENTRY ......170 6.3.4 LAST LADDER ENTRY TO PASS DAM ...................................................172 6.3.5 FIRST FISHWAY ENTRY TO PASS DAM ................................................174 6.3.6 FIRST TAILRACE TO PASS DAM .............................................................175 6.4 FALLBACK AT FCRPS DAMS .................................................................................180 6.4.1 FALLBACK PERCENTAGES AND RATES .............................................180 6.4.2 FINAL DISTRIBUTION OF FALLBACK FISH .......................................187 6.4.3 ESCAPEMENT OF FALLBACK VERSUS NON-FALLBACK FISH ....194 6.5 BEHAVIORS AT FISHWAYS ....................................................................................196 6.5.1 FISHWAY APPROACHES ...........................................................................196 6.5.2 FISHWAY ENTRIES .....................................................................................198 6.5.3 FISHWAY EXITS TO TAILRACE..............................................................199 6.6 DAM-TO-DAM REACH CONVERSION .................................................................202 6.6.1 RELEASE TO PASS BONNEVILLE ...........................................................202 6.6.2 BONNEVILLE TOP TO PASS THE DALLES ...........................................204 6.6.3 THE DALLES TOP TO PASS JOHN DAY.................................................206 6.6.4 JOHN DAY TOP TO PASS MCNARY ........................................................208 6.6.5 MCNARY RESERVOIR REACH ................................................................210 6.6.6 ICE HARBOR TOP TO PASS LOWER MONUMENTAL ......................212 6.6.7 LOWER MONUMENTAL TOP TO PASS LITTLE GOOSE ..................214 6.6.8 LITTLE GOOSE TOP TO PASS LOWER GRANITE ..............................216 6.6.9 LITTLE GOOSE TOP TO PASS LOWER GRANITE ..............................218 6.7 FINAL DISTRIBUTION OF RADIO-TAGGED FISH ............................................221 iii APPENDICES (Provided separately) APPENDIX A: AERIAL AND UNDERWATER RADIOTELEMETRY DEPLOYMENTS AT FCRPS DAMS: GENERALIZED MAPS APPENDIX B: AERIAL AND UNDERWATER RADIOTELEMETRY DEPLOYMENTS IN THE MAIN STEM COLUMBIA AND SNAKE RIVERS, AND IN TRIBUTARIES APPENDIX C: PHOTO DOCUMENTATION OF AERIAL AND UNDERWATER RADIOTELEMETRY DEPLOYMENTS AT FCRPS DAMS: BONNEVILLE TO JOHN DAY APPENDIX D: PHOTO DOCUMENTATION OF AERIAL AND UNDERWATER RADIOTELEMETRY DEPLOYMENTS AT FCRPS DAMS: MCNARY TO LOWER GRANITE APPENDIX E: PHOTO DOCUMENTATION OF AERIAL ANTENNA DEPLOYMENTS IN SELECTED MAIN STEM AND TRIBUTARY SITES DATABASES (Provided separately) SPRING–SUMMER CHINOOK SALMON TAG FILE: CK_TAG_DATA_1MAY17 FATE FILE: CK_FATE_DATA_1MAY17 GENERAL MIGRATION FILE: CK_MIGRATION_1MAY17 FALL CHINOOK SALMON TAG FILE: FC_TAG_DATA_1MAY17 FATE FILE: FC_FATE_DATA_1MAY17 GENERAL MIGRATION FILE: FC_MIGRATION_1MAY17 SOCKEYE SALMON TAG FILE: SK_TAG_DATA_1MAY17 FATE FILE: SK_FATE_DATA_1MAY17 GENERAL MIGRATION FILE: SK_MIGRATION-1MAY17 STEELHEAD
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