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ASP.NET MVC 4 Recipes

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ASP.NET MVC 4 Recipes For your convenience Apress has placed some of the front matter material after the index. Please use the Bookmarks and Contents at a Glance links to access them. Contents at a Glance About the Author ............................................................................................................. xxiii About the Technical Reviewer .......................................................................................... xxv Acknowledgments .......................................................................................................... xxvii Introduction ..................................................................................................................... xxix ■ Chapter 1: The Need for Modern Web Applications ...........................................................1 ■ Chapter 2: Understanding ASP.NET MVC ..........................................................................15 ■ Chapter 3: Setting Up Your Environment .........................................................................59 ■ Chapter 4: Visual Studio 2012 Overview .......................................................................105 ■ Chapter 5: Getting the Most from the Built-in Templates ..............................................139 ■ Chapter 6: Architecting Applications with ASP.NET MVC...............................................185 ■ Chapter 7: Solution Design ............................................................................................215 ■ Chapter 8: Asynchronous Programming with ASP.NET MVC .........................................281 ■ Chapter 9: Test-Driven Development with ASP.NET MVC 4 ............................................321 ■ Chapter 10: Moving From Web Forms to ASP.NET MVC .................................................375 ■ Chapter 11: Creating Modern User Experiences Using jQuery, Knockout.js, and Web API ....475 ■ Chapter 12: Mobile, Social, and Cloud Technologies .....................................................543 Index .................................................................................................................................589 v Introduction The first time I saw a computer that could connect to a network was back in the late ’80s when my friend Greg showed me how we could use his Apple IIe to download the Anarchy Cookbook from a bulletin board service. That first experience, which included a misguided crash course in chemistry, eventually led Greg to a career as a pharmacist and got me hooked on the potential of computers. Fast-forward to 2013 and the Internet is everywhere. It’s in your home, at your job, in your car, and in your pocket. You can access the Web from your PC, your phone, your music player, your tablet, and you can even stream movies to your TV. Terrestrial radio is gradually being replaced by Internet music services, cable TV by services from Netflix and Amazon, paper maps by GPS systems, magazines and newspapers by e-readers and tablets. You surf the Web using touch screens, your voice, and TV remotes. Web pages adapt to fit your iPad’s orientation, your screen dims automatically to account for room lighting, your game console and your phone can recognize your face, and your tablet can read your handwriting. As software developers, you need to be three steps ahead of this changing world. You are on the front lines. The world expects that not only will your software work but also that it will get smarter, faster, more reliable, and easier to use. These goals are only possible with improved techniques and better tools. Adopting new techniques and learning new tools can be challenging, especially when you are on a tight schedule. When learning new technologies, many developers can spend more time searching Google and reading blogs and forum posts than writing code. Many times, they end up using a code snippet from some random source without a full understanding of what it does. The code may seem to fit the need at that time but if it ever breaks, they do not know how to fix it because they don’t understand it. This book was written to help ASP.NET MVC developers like you to quickly find the code you need to move your project forward. More importantly, this book also will help you understand how each solution works. Each solution is broken down step by step and each code sample is explained in detail. In many cases, the explanation will go beyond the code and will discuss what is happening behind the scenes. xxix CHAPTER 1 The Need for Modern Web Applications All around the world, people are spending less and less time on their PCs, and more time on tablets and smartphones. This trend is dramatically changing how we all collect, share, and work with information. As a web developer working with Microsoft technologies, you need to understand exactly what this means for your applications. A modern web application is designed for the demands of the post-PC world. It can be deployed to a cloud infrastructure, is resilient to unreliable network conditions, is accessible from any device—anywhere—and provides a beautiful and responsive user experience. While the basic fundamentals of modern web applications remain unchanged, the ways in which the content is consumed and experienced by the end user have evolved considerably. Modern web applications still use HTTP and HTTPS to send requests and receive responses, and most web applications still use HTML for presentation. On the other hand, the explosion of mobile devices, tablets, and hybrid PCs such as the Microsoft Surface Pro are making touch screens almost as pervasive as the mouse and keyboard. The popularity of social media has spawned a massive expansion of user-generated content that is made relevant by cutting-edge statistical algorithms paired with virtually boundless computing power. HTML5 and modern web browsers such as Google Chrome and Internet Explorer 10 have allowed developers to create dynamic, immersive user interfaces that rival native applications in sophistication and responsiveness. The following is a list of increasingly common features and characteristics in modern web applications, along with references to recipes in this book that will help you understand how to implement these features. • Cross-browser compatibility: The application experience is constant across all modern web browsers, including Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer 9 and 10, Safari, and Opera. All of the recipes in this book have been designed and tested to work cross-browser. • Adaptive design: The application automatically adapts to work on many screen resolutions, from huge 30-inch monitors to tiny 3.4-inch cell phones. This technique is covered in Recipe 11-1. • Natural user interfaces: The application accepts input from natural user interfaces (NUI) such as touch, voice, NFC, video cameras, GPS, and other sensors. Meeting this requirement means that you have not only the right software but the hardware to test how the application behaves on these devices, as discussed in Recipe 3-1. • Social network integration: The application seamlessly interacts with social networks. Recipes 12-1 and 12-2 demonstrate how easy Visual Studio makes it to integrate your web site with Facebook. • Cloud-ready: The application can use cloud-based infrastructure and scales on demand, adding new servers when needed and scaling down when traffic slows. Chapter 6 describes architectural techniques for designing applications that can take advantage of these capabilities. Chapter 12 describes how to use Visual Studio to create an application that can be deployed to Windows Azure. 1 CHAPTER 1 ■ THE NEED FOR MODERN WEB APPLICATIONS • Resiliency: The application can adapt to challenging network conditions and, in some cases, can work in a disconnected state. The application is designed to tolerate failures of one or more subsystems and still operate at limited but acceptable capacity. Chapter 6 talks about how to architect systems to meet this requirement. Recipe 12-5 demonstrates how to use some of the built-in features on the Windows Azure APIs to enable resilient file uploads in an ASP. NET MVC 4 application that uses Azure BLOB storage. • Extensible: The application is extensible by way of RESTful APIs and its functionality can be augmented by third-party developers. Chapter 11 shows how to use ASP.NET Web API to design RESTful services and how to consume them using jQuery and Knockout. • Reliable: The application is reliable and supports multiple levels of automated and manual testing before being deployed. Many recipes in this book describe not only how to develop solutions using MVC, but also how to test them. Chapter 9 is entirely dedicated to testing. • Maintainable: The application is easy to maintain and can be upgraded frequently and seamlessly with minimal disruption of the service. Several recipes in this book take this into account. Recipe 1-5 shows how Microsoft Web Deploy can simplify your deployment process. Recipes 7-9 and 10-9 explain how to use the Area feature of ASP.NET MVC to keep your project organized. • RESTful: The application is built on established standards and protocols, and takes advantage of network optimization appliances, load balancers, and monitoring packages. Chapter 11 demonstrates using ASP.NET Web API to create RESTful web services. • Secure: The application has been designed to protect itself from evolving security threats using a layered system of counter measures. If a breach occurs, only the compromised subsystems will be affected; confidential
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