MAHLER SYMPHONY NO.8

KLAUS TENNSTEDTconductor LONDON PHILHARMONIC ORCHESTRA

A BBC recording

0052 Mahler 8 booklet 20 page version.indd 1 11/01/2011 10:06:37 MAHLER SYMPHONY NO.8

Mahler composed his Eighth Symphony at scherzo and finale. And since Faust’s his lakeside summer home in Carinthia in aspirations towards superhuman wisdom 1906. His wife Alma, to whom he dedicated paralleled the Catholics’ invocation of the the work, remembered that time as their ‘last Holy Spirit, it was logical as well as musically summer of peace and beauty and content’. unifying to develop themes from Part I in Part The following year they suffered three II. The first draft was finished in eight weeks, grievous blows: the loss of Mahler’s musical and Mahler wrote to the conductor Willem directorship of the Vienna Court Opera, the Mengelberg: ‘It is the greatest work I have death of their four-year-old elder daughter and yet composed…Imagine that the universe the diagnosis of Mahler’s heart disease. Yet bursts into song. We no longer hear human in 1906 all seemed well. The summer began voices but those of planets and suns.’ The as usual with him fearing loss of inspiration. triumphant first performance took place Then one morning there came into his mind in Munich on 12 September 1910. Eight the words of Veni, Creator Spiritus (Come, months later Mahler died, burnt out at fifty. Creator Spirit), the 9th-century Catholic hymn for Pentecost. He started setting the In his handling of the huge forces Mahler lines to music, beginning what developed integrates the eight solo voices and three into the work that a German impresario choirs into complex orchestral textures nicknamed with pardonable exaggeration the with scant regard for the singers’ comfort. ‘Symphony of a Thousand’. The performance In Part I we sense worshippers almost recorded here employs over four hundred hysterically striving for divine illumination. singers and an orchestra of 128 players. There Part II, which begins with a long orchestral is also an important role for the organ. introduction, is more relaxed until the closing pages. In both parts most of the If the tumultuous setting of the Latin hymn musical themes derive from the bracing could be regarded as a powerful symphonic invocation that launches the symphony. first movement, Mahler perceived that setting the mystical last scene of Goethe’s Faust could Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832) provide equivalents of a slow movement, devoted many years to his dramatic poem on

0052 Mahler 8 booklet 20 page version.indd 2 11/01/2011 10:06:37 the ancient fable of Faust, the philosopher who Magna Peccatrix, Mulier Samaritana and made a fatal compact with Mephistopheles, Maria Aegyptiaca pray as redeemed sinners the Devil. This myth gave Goethe a medium for Gretchen to be pardoned, and the penitent for examining and commenting upon the Gretchen sings happily of reunion with Faust. human condition in Western civilization. The Goethe having refused to let Mephistopheles listed dramatis personae require explanation. claim Faust’s soul, Mater Gloriosa bids angels Magna Peccatrix is the woman of whom to bear it to higher spheres. Doctor Marianus Christ said (St. Luke, ch.7): ‘Her sins, which hails Mater Gloriosa as Virgin, Mother, are many, are forgiven, for she loved much’. Queen and Goddess. An ethereal orchestral Una Poenitentium (a penitent) is the soul passage topped by a solo piccolo leads to of Gretchen, whom Faust seduced. Mater the pianissimo Chorus Mysticus, which tells Gloriosa is both the Virgin Mary and the of a spirit world where human aspirations, mythological earth mother symbolising indescribable and unattainable on earth, the source of life. Mulier Samaritana is the are fulfilled. Goethe says a mystic force sinful woman of Samaria (St. John, ch.4) that he terms the ‘Ewig-Weibliche’ (eternal who met Christ by a well. Maria Aegyptiaca womanhood) draws us onward. Mahler, is the apocryphal Mary of Egypt. The male discussing these closing lines with his wife, felt figures are not individuals but symbols. that he was right to call it the force of love.

The Faust scene is set amid mountain Swelling repetitions of Mater Gloriosa’s theme ravines, where the voices of anchorites climax in a shortened fortissimo reprise of the echo between chasms. Pater Ecstaticus Chorus Mysticus. The voices cease, and in a and Pater Profundus sing of the need for huge orchestral peroration the creator spirit is divine love, and in the following section invoked once more. As the fanfares sound, we (the symphony’s scherzo as it were) angels may think ourselves to have been granted for conduct Faust’s soul. Doctor Marianus a few moments some apprehension of glory. salutes Mater Gloriosa, whose appearance at this point in Goethe’s poem coincides with © Eric Mason the beginning of the symphony’s finale.

0052 Mahler 8 booklet 20 page version.indd 3 11/01/2011 10:06:37 MAHLER SYMPHONY NO.8 TEXTS

CD1 Part 1. Hymn: Veni, Creator Spiritus

Tracks 01-08

Veni, Creator Spiritus Come, Creator Spirit, Mentes tuorum visita; Dwell in our minds; Imple superna gratia, Fill with divine grace Quae tu creasti pectora. The hearts of Thy creatures.

Qui Paraclitus diceris Thou named the Comforter Donum Dei altissimi Gift of God most high, Fons vivus, ignis, caritas Souce of life, fire, love Et spiritalis unctio. And soul’s anointing.

Infirma nostri corporis Our weak frames Virtute firmans perpeti; Fortify with Thy eternal strength Accende lumen sensibus, Inflame our senses with light, Infunde amorem cordibus. Pour love into our hearts.

Hostem repellas longius Scatter the enemy, Pacemque dones protinus; Grant us Thy peace; Ductore sic te praevio, Our leader, go before, Vitemus omne pessimum. That we may shun all evil.

Tu septiformis munere, Grant us Thy sevenfold blessing, Dexterae paternae digitus. Thou right hand of the Father.

Per te sciamus da Patrem, Grant us knowledge of the Father, Noscamus (atque) Filium, And of the Son, (Te utriusque) Spiritum And faith in Thee, O Spirit, Credamus omni tempore. Now and evermore.

0052 Mahler 8 booklet 20 page version.indd 4 11/01/2011 10:06:38 Da gaudiorum praemia, Grant us the foretaste of bliss, Da gratiarum munera; Grant us saving grace; Dissolve litis vincula Free us from bonds of strife, Adstringe pacis foedera. Bind us with pacts of peace.

Ductore sic te praevio, So that with thy guidance Vitemus omne pessimum. we may avoid all ills.

Gloria Patri Domino Glory be to God the Father, Deo sit gloria et Filio Glory be to God and to the Son Natoque, qui a mortuis Incarnate, who from the dead Surrexit, ac Paraclito Arose, and to the Holy Spirit In saeculorum saecula. From everlasting to everlasting.

CD2 Part 2. Final Scene from Goethe’s Faust

01 Poco adagio

02 Piu mosso: Allegro moderato

03 Chorus and Echo Waldung, sie schwankt heran, The forest sways, Felsen sie lasten dran, rocks lie heavy, Wurzeln, sie klammern an, roots cling, Stamm dicht an Stamm hinan. tree-trunk against tree-trunk. Woge nach Woge spritzt, Wave breaks foamingly on wave, Höhle, die tiefste, schützt. the deepest cavern gives shelter. Löwen, sie schleichen stumm - Lions prowl silent and Freundlich um uns herum, friendly about us – Ehren geweihten Ort, honouring the sacred place, Heiligen Liebeshort. love’s holy sanctuary.

0052 Mahler 8 booklet 20 page version.indd 5 11/01/2011 10:06:38 04 Pater Ecstaticus (hovering high and low) Ewiger Wonnebrand, Eternal blazing rapture, Glühendes Liebeband, love’s flaming bond, Siedender Schmerz der Brust, heart’s painful seething, Schäumende Gotteslust. God’s effervescent love! Pfeile, durchdringet mich, Arrows, pierce me, Lanzen, bezwinget mich, spears, subdue me, Keulen, zerschmettert mich, clubs, crush me, Blitze, durchwettert mich; lightning, flash through me, Dass ja das Nichtige that nothingness Alles verflüchtige, may make all vanish, Glänze der Dauerstern, that the constant star may shine forth, Ewiger Liebe Kern. kernel of love eternal!

05 Pater Profundus (from the depths) Wie Felsenabgrund mir zu Füssen As the rocky chasm at my feet lies Auf tiefem Abgrund lastend ruht, heavy on the deep abyss, Wie tausend Bäche strahlend fliessen as a thousand streams flow sparkling Zum grausen Sturz des Schaums der Flut, to the dread rapids’ foaming drop, Wie strack, mit eig’nem kräft’gen Triebe, as straight, by its own powerful urge, Der Stamm sich in die Lüfte trägt; the tree-trunk rears into the air, So ist es die allmächt’ge Liebe, so it is almighty love Die alles bildet, alles hegt. that shapes and nurtures all. Ist um mich her ein wildes Brausen, Around me is wild tumult, Als wogte Wald und Felsengrund, as though forest and rocky floor quaked! Und doch stürzt, liebevoll im Sausen, And yet, lovingly, roaring waters’ profusion Die Wasserfülle sich zum Schlund, hurls itself into the gorge, Berufen, gleich das Tal zu wässern; ordained to water presently the valley; Der Blitz, der flammend niederschlug, the flaming lightning, hurtling downwards Die Atmosphäre zu verbessern, to render pure an atmosphere Die Gift und Dunst im Busen trug! bearing poison and fumes at its heart – Sind Liebesboten, sie verkünden, these are messengers of love, proclaiming Was ewig schaffend uns umwallt. that which ever seethes, creating, about us. Mein Inn’res mög’ es auch entzünden, Might it kindle also my inmost being,

0052 Mahler 8 booklet 20 page version.indd 6 11/01/2011 10:06:38 Wo sich der Geist, verworren, kalt, where my cold, bewildered spirit Verquält in stumpfer Sinne Schranken, agonises, confined by dulled sense, Scharfangeschloss’nem Kettenschmerz. bound fast by fetters’ pain. O Gott! beschwichtige die Gedanken, Oh, God, assuage my thoughts, Erleuchte mein bedürftig Herz! enlighten my needy heart!

06 Angels (hovering in the upper atmosphere, bearing Faust’s immortal essence) Gerettet ist das edle Glied Saved is that noble member Der Geisterwelt vom Bösen, of the spirit world from evil: ‘Wer immer strebend sich bemüht, ‘He who endeavours, ever striving, Den können wir erlösen’. him we have the power to redeem’. Und hat an ihm die Liebe gar And if love from above Von oben teilgenommen, has also played its part, Begegnet ihm die sel’ge Schar the blessed host shall answer him Mit herzlichem Willkommen. with heartfelt greeting.

Chorus of Blessed Boys (circling the highest peak) Hände verschlinget euch Link hands joyfully Freudig zum Ringverein, in the circle of union, Regt euch und singet bestir yourselves, sing Heil’ge Gefühle drein; holy sentiments thereto. Göttlich belehret, Divinely instructed, Dürft ihr vertrauen: may you be assured: Den ihr verehret, He, whom you venerate, Werdet ihr schauen. you shall behold!

07 The Younger Angels Jene Rosen aus den Händen Those roses, from the hands Liebend-heil’ger Büsserinnen of loving-holy penitent women, Halfen uns den Sieg gewinnen helped us achieve victory Und das hohe Werk vollenden, and fulfil the divine purpose, Diesen Seelenschatz erbeuten. to capture this treasured soul. Böse wichen, als wir streuten, Evil yielded as we strewed, Teufel flohen, als wir trafen. devils fled as we pelted.

0052 Mahler 8 booklet 20 page version.indd 7 11/01/2011 10:06:38 Statt gewohnter Höllenstrafen Instead of the accustomed punishments of Hell, Fühlten Liebesqual die Geister; the spirits felt the pangs of love; Selbst der alte Satans-Meister even old master-Satan War von spitzer Pein durchdrungen. was pierced by anguish keen. Jauchzet auf! es ist gelungen. Rejoice! It is fulfilled!

08 The More Perfect Angels Uns bleibt ein Erdenrest To us remains some earthly residue Zu tragen peinlich, painful to bear, Und wär’ er von Asbest, and be it unyielding, Er ist nicht reinlich. yet it is not stainless. Wenn starke Geisteskraft When the spirit’s mighty power Die Elemente has gathered fast An sich herangerafft, the elements unto itself, Kein Engel trennte no angel could sunder Geeinte Zwienatur the twin natures in unity Der innigen beiden, of this kindred pair; Die ewige Liebe nur only love everlasting Vermag’s zu scheiden. could divide them.

09 The Younger Angels Ich spür’ soeben, I sense at this moment, Nebelnd um Felsenhöh’, nebulous round the rocky heights, Ein Geisterleben, living spirits Regend sich in der Näh’. stirring close by; Seliger Knaben I see a moving host Seh’ ich bewegte Schar, of blessed children, Los von der Erde Druck, freed from earth’s burden, Im Kreis gesellt, in a circle joined, Die sich erlaben themselves delighting Am neuen Lenz und Schmuck in the new springtide and adornment Der obern Welt. of the world above.

0052 Mahler 8 booklet 20 page version.indd 8 11/01/2011 10:06:38 Doctor Marianus (in the highest, purest essence) Hier ist die Aussicht frei, The prospect is free here, Der Geist erhoben. the spirit elevated.

The Younger Angels Sei er zum Anbeginn, Let him, at the outset, Steigendem Vollgewinn be joined with these Diesen gesellt! in highest gain ever-increasing.

Doctor Marianus Dort ziehen Frauen vorbei, Women pass by there, Schwebend nach oben. soaring on high, Die Herrliche mittenin at the centre, she who is glorious, Im Sternenkranze, wreathed in stars, Die Himmelskönigin, the Queen of Heaven Ich seh’s am Glanze. I perceive by her splendour!

Chorus of Blessed Boys Freudig empfangen wir Joyfully we receive Diesen im Puppenstand; this chrysalis entity; Also erlangen wir thus we achieve Englisches Unterpfand. the angels’ pledge. Löset die Flocken los, Dissolve the cocoon Die ihn umgeben, that envelops him. Schon ist er schön und gross He is already beautiful, tall, Von heiligem Leben. through the holy life.

10 Doctor Marianus Höchste Herrscherin der Welt! Most exalted Empress of the World, Lasse mich im blauen, in the blue outspread Ausgespannten Himmelszelt vault of heaven, Dein Geheimnis schauen. let me behold thy mystery! Bill’ge, was des Mannes Brust Sanction that which moves man’s heart Ernst und zart bewegt gravely, tenderly,

0052 Mahler 8 booklet 20 page version.indd 9 11/01/2011 10:06:38 Und mit heil’ger Liebeslust and which, with love’s holy joy, Dir entgegenträgt! he offers up to thee. Unbezwinglich unser Mut, Invincible our courage, Wenn du hehr gebietest; when thou, sublime, commandest; Plötzlich mildert sich die Glut, passion at once subsides, Wenn du uns befriedest. when thou dost pacify us.

Doctor Marianus and Chorus Jungfrau, rein im schönsten Sinne, Virgin, most beauteously pure, Mutter, Ehren würdig, Mother, worthy of honour, Uns erwählte Königin, our elected Queen, Göttern ebenbürtig. equal of gods!

(Mater Gloriosa floats into view.)

11 Chorus Dir, der Unberührbaren, Thou, unassailable one, Ist es nicht benommen, art not denied Dass die leicht Verführbaren those easily seduced Traulich zu dir kommen. easefully approaching thee. In die Schwachheit hingerafft, Carried away in frailty, Sind sie schwer zu retten. they are difficult to save. Wer zerreisst aus eig’ner Kraft Who, by his own strength, can break free Der Gelüste Ketten? from lust’s fetters? Wie entgleitet schnell der Fuss How quickly slips the foot Schiefem, glattem Boden? on a sloping, smooth floor!

Penitent Women (with Una Poenitentium (Gretchen)) Du schwebst zu Höhen Thou soarest to the heights Der ewigen Reiche, of the eternal kingdom, Vernimm das Flehen, hear our prayer, Du Gnadenreiche, thou full of grace, Du Ohnegleiche! thou incomparable!

0052 Mahler 8 booklet 20 page version.indd 10 11/01/2011 10:06:38 12 Magna Peccatrix Bei der Liebe, die den Füssen By the love that upon the feet Deines gottverklärten Sohnes of thy divinely transfigured Son Tränen liess zum Balsam fliessen, let tears flow as balsam, Trotz des Pharisäer-Hohnes; despite the Pharisees’ scorn; Beim Gefässe, das so reichlich by the vessel which so generously Tropfte Wohlgeruch hernieder, dropped sweet fragrance, Bei den Locken, die so weichlich by the tresses that so softly Trockneten die heil’gen Glieder – dried the holy limbs –

13 Mulier Samaritana Bei dem Bronn, zu dem schon weiland By the well to which of old already Abram liess die Herde führen; Abraham drove his flock, Bei dem Eimer, der dem Heiland by the pail permitted to touch Kühl die Lippe durft’ berühren; and cool the Saviour’s lips; Bei der reinen, reichen Quelle, by the pure abundant spring Die nun dorther sich ergiesset, which now pours from thence, Überflüssig, ewig helle, spilling over, ever clear, Rings durch alle Welten fliesst – flowing through all the world –

14 Maria Aegyptiaca Bei dem hochgeweihten Orte, By the most sacred place Wo den Herrn man niederliess, where they laid our Lord; Bei dem Arm, der von der Pforte, by the arm that, from the gate, Warnend mich zurücke stiess; warningly thrust me back; Bei der vierzigjähr’gen Busse, by the forty-year repentance Der ich treu in Wüsten blieb, endured faithfully in the desert, Bei dem sel’gen Scheidergrusse, by the blessed last farewell Den im Sand ich niederschrieb – I wrote in the sand –

All Three Die du grossen Sünderinnen Thou who dost not deny thy presence Deine Nähe nicht verweigerst, to women who have grievously sinned,

0052 Mahler 8 booklet 20 page version.indd 11 11/01/2011 10:06:38 Und ein büssendes Gewinnen and to eternity dost raise In die Ewigkeiten steigerst, those victorious through penitence, Gönn’ auch dieser guten Seele, grant also to this good soul Die sich einmal nur vergessen, which strayed but once, Die nicht ahnte, dass sie fehle, not knowing that it erred, Dein Verzeihen angemessen! thy just pardon!

15 Una Poenitentium (Gretchen) Neige, neige, Incline, incline, Du Ohnegleiche, Thou incomparable, Du Strahlenreiche, Thou richly radiant, Dein Antlitz gnädig meinem Glück! Thy gracious countenance upon my happiness. Der früh Geliebte, My love of yore, Nicht mehr Getrübte, beshadowed no longer, Er kommt zurück. is returning.

16 Chorus of Blessed Boys (circling nearer) Er überwächst uns schon Already he outstrips us An mächt’gen Gliedern, on mighty limbs, Wird treuer Pflege Lohn amply will he recompense Reichlich erwidern. the reward of our faithful care. Wir wurden früh entfernt We were taken early Von Lebechören; from the chorus of the living; Doch dieser hat gelernt, but this man has learnt: Er wird uns lehren. he shall teach us.

Una Poenitentium (Gretchen) Vom edlen Geisterchor umgeben, Surrounded by the noble spirits’ chorus, Wird sich der Neue kaum gewahr, the new one is of himself scarce aware, Er ahnet kaum das frische Leben, barely divines his new existence, So gleicht er schon der heil’gen Schar. already resembles thus the sacred host. Sieh, wie er jedem Erdenbande See how he throws off each earthly fetter Der alten Hülle sich entrafft, from his erstwhile shell, Und aus ätherischem Gewande and from his ethereal raiment

0052 Mahler 8 booklet 20 page version.indd 12 11/01/2011 10:06:38 Hervortritt erste Jugendkraft! with youthful vigour emerges! Vergönne mir, ihn zu belehren, Grant that I may instruct him, Noch blendet ihn der neue Tag. the new day dazzles him still!

17 Mater Gloriosa Komm! Hebe dich zu höhern Sphären! Come! Raise yourself to higher spheres! Wenn er dich ahnet, folgt er nach. Divining you, he will follow.

Chorus Komm! Komm! Come! Come!

Doctor Marianus and Chorus Blicket auf zum Retterblick, Lift your eyes to the redeeming gaze, Alle reuig Zarten, all frail penitents, Euch zu sel’gem Glück that you be gratefully translated Dankend umzuarten! to blissful rapture. Werde jeder bess’re Sinn May every higher impulse Dir zum Dienst erbötig; be ready at your service; Jungfrau, Mutter, Königin, Virgin, Mother, Queen, Göttin, bleibe gnädig! Goddess, be ever gracious! Bleibe gnädig! Be ever gracious!

18 Chorus Mysticus Alles Vergängliche All that is transient Ist nur ein Gleichnis; is but a parable; Das Unzulängliche, here insufficiency Hier wird’s Ereignis; becomes fulfilment, Das Unbeschreibliche, here the indescribable Hier ist’s getan; is accomplished; Das Ewig-Weibliche the Eternal-Feminine Zieht uns hinan. draws us heavenward.

Veni, Creator Spiritus, ninth-century hymn, formerly attrib. Hrabanus Maurus (c780–856) Faust, Part 2, Act 5, final scene (published 1832), by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749–1832) Faust translation © Mari Prackauskasˇ

0052 Mahler 8 booklet 20 page version.indd 13 11/01/2011 10:06:38 KLAUS TENNSTEDT conductor JÚLIA VÁRADY soprano

Born in East Germany, Klaus Tennstedt studied One of the most beautiful voices of the at the Leipzig Conservatory and conducted twentieth century, lyric soprano Júlia Várady throughout his native land but it was not until looks back on an international career on the he moved to the West in 1971 that he started public stage during which she sang more to achieve world recognition. He made his than seventy roles over almost four decades. American début with the Boston Symphony Her wide-ranging repertoire includes Mozart, Orchestra in 1974 and his début with the Verdi, Puccini, Richard Strauss and Wagner as London Philharmonic Orchestra in 1977. well as contemporary roles, such as Cordelia He had an instant rapport with the in Reimann’s Lear. Her operatic performances London Philharmonic Orchestra, which took her to renowned opera houses resulted in return invitations and his throughout Europe as well as the Metropolitan appointment as the Orchestra’s Principal Opera New York. In concert she appeared at Conductor and Music Director in 1983. This the Salzburg, Munich and Edinburgh Festivals developed into a unique and remarkable amongst others. relationship until illness finally brought it to a premature end some ten years later. In her late fifties, Júlia Várady retired from opera to devote herself to teaching. She is a Tennstedt was particularly renowned guest professor at the Hochschule für Musik for his performances of Mahler and Hanns Eisler in Berlin and is a dedicated and Bruckner whose symphonies he conducted much sought-after teacher. She continues to regularly with the London Philharmonic sing in full voice during her classes with the Orchestra at the Royal Festival Hall and same intensity and generosity of spirit that on disc to huge public acclaim. His energy, characterises her performance. Júlia Várady is musicianship and emotional involvement married to baritone Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau. combined with a rare humility endeared him to audiences and musicians alike.

Klaus Tennstedt died in 1998.

0052 Mahler 8 booklet 20 page version.indd 14 11/01/2011 10:06:38 JANE EAGLEN soprano SUSAN BULLOCK soprano

Jane Eaglen has thrilled audiences worldwide Susan Bullock has appeared as Brünnhilde earning her one of the most formidable (Der Ring des Nibelungen) at the Royal Opera reputations in opera today. She has enjoyed House Covent Garden, Wiener Staatsoper, unique success with opera’s most demanding Teatro La Fenice and Teatro Nacional de São heroines including the title roles of Isolde (Tristan Carlos, Lisbon. Above all, Richard Strauss’s und Isolde), Turandot and Norma, and most Elektra has brought collaborations with some notably, Brünnhilde (Der Ring des Nibelungen). of the world’s leading conductors including Eaglen has performed at the Deutsche Oper Luisi, Bychkov, Ozawa, Elder and de Waart; and Berlin, the Metropolitan Opera New York, l’Opéra débuts with the Metropolitan Opera New York, National de Paris, Royal Opera House Covent La Scala di Milano, Washington National Opera, Garden, San Francisco Opera, Teatro alla Scala, Maggio Musicale Fiorentino, and in Dresden, and the Wiener Staatsoper. Stuttgart and Hong Kong. Other recent roles include Marie (Wozzeck) for the Royal Opera In concert, Eaglen has performed with the House Covent Garden, Katerina Ismailova (Lady Boston, Chicago and Prague Symphony Macbeth of Mtsensk) for Opera Australia, and Orchestras, the Czech, LA and New York Minnie (La fanciulla del West) at the Edinburgh Philharmonic Orchestras and the Philharmonia International Festival. She has performed the Orchestra, and has appeared at the Budapest, role of Isolde (Tristan und Isolde) in London, Edinburgh and Salzburg Festivals. Her extensive Frankfurt and Verona. discography includes her Grammy® Award- winning recording of Wagner’s Tannhäuser. Her extensive discography includes Chausson’s Le roi Arthus with the BBC Symphony Orchestra Eaglen served as Senior Artist in Residence at under Botstein for Telarc, Albert Herring with the University of Washington School of Music the City of London Sinfonia under Hickox, from 2006-2010. She has had teaching roles at Hindemith’s Sancta Susanna with the BBC Seattle Opera, the Cardiff International Academy Philharmonic Orchestra under Tortelier and of Voice and San Francisco Opera. She is currently Salome with the Philharmonia Orchestra under Professor of Voice at Baldwin Wallace College in Mackerras - all for Chandos. Ohio, and is the McGlashan International Fellow in Voice at the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama.

0052 Mahler 8 booklet 20 page version.indd 15 11/01/2011 10:06:38 TRUDELIESE SCHMIDT mezzo soprano JADWIGA RAPPÉ mezzo soprano

German mezzo soprano Trudeliese Schmidt Jadwiga Rappé studied at the Wrocław Music began her training in Saarbrücken and Rome. Academy and in 1980 won 1st Prize at the In 1965 she made her operatic début as Hansel International Bach Competition in Leipzig. (Hänsel und Gretel) in Saarbrücken and in 1969 became a member of the Deutsche Oper am She has performed at leading international Rhein in Düsseldorf. From 1971 she performed concert halls under conductors such as across Germany, and in 1974 toured Japan with Harnoncourt, Haitink, Ozawa, Chailly, López- the Bavarian State Opera of Munich. She sang Cobos, Dutoit, Maazel, Rattle and Tennstedt. Her Dorabella (Così fan tutte) at Glyndebourne festival appearances include the Handel Festspiele Festival Opera in 1976. In subsequent years in Karlsruhe, MDR-Musiksommer, Salzburger she appeared in leading opera houses across Festspiele, Brucknerfest Linz, Styriarte Graz, Europe. Maggio Musicale Fiorentino, BBC Proms in London, Wratislavia Cantans, Warsaw Autumn and the In 1985 Trudeliese Schmidt performed in Cassals Festival in Puerto Rico. Mozart’s Coronation Mass with von Karajan and the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra at a Operatic roles have ranged from Handel and special concert at the Vatican in Rome for Pope Gluck through Tchaikovsky and Verdi to Strauss John Paul II. Among her prominent roles are and Wagner. Rappé received great acclaim for her Cherubino (Le Nozze di Figaro), Rossini’s Isabella performance as Erda (Der Ring des Nibelungen) at (L’italiana in Algeri), Weber’s Fatima (Oberon) performances in the Deutsche Oper Berlin, Royal and Strauss’s Octavian (Der Rosenkavalier). Opera House Covent Garden, Théâtre Royal de la Monnaie, Festival d`Orange, Wiener Staatsoper, Oper Frankfurt and Grand Théâtre de Genève.

Jadwiga Rappé’s extended discography ranges from JS Bach, Handel and Mozart to Szymanowski, Honeggar and Penderecki, recorded for Philips, EMI, Erato, Decca and Naxos. Today, Rappé is a regular jury member of vocal competitions and teaches at the Music Academy in Warsaw.

0052 Mahler 8 booklet 20 page version.indd 16 11/01/2011 10:06:38 KENNETH RIEGEL tenor EIKE WILM SCHULTE baritone

Kenneth Riegel’s long and distinguished career Since 1991 Eike Wilm Schulte has appeared has taken him to all the major opera houses regularly at the Metropolitan Opera New York, and festivals in North America. He has sung Wiener Staatsoper, Royal Opera House Covent at the Metropolitan Opera New York, San Garden, La Scala di Milano, and in many other Francisco Opera, Lyric Opera of Chicago, Santa opera houses worldwide. His many festival Fe Festival, Wiener Staatsoper, Deutsche Oper appearances range from the Bayreuth Festival, Berlin, Hamburg State Opera, Bavarian State the Wagner Festival in Osaka and the Bregenz Opera in Munich, La Scala Milan, Rome Opera, and Munich Opera Festivals. Teatro Communale in Florence and Bologna, Royal Opera House Covent Garden, Teatro His concert appearances include Beethoven del Liceu in Barcelona, Teatro Real in Madrid, Symphony No.9 at Berlin‘s Philharmonic Hall; Brussels Opera and Geneva Opera. He enjoys a Mahler Symphony No.8 in Tanglewood under special affinity with Paris Opera, where he was Levine; and an open-air concert in Paris with the first American tenor to portray the title- the French National and Boston Symphony roles of Faust and Les Contes d’Hoffmann and Orchestras under Ozawa. His discography there he participated in the world premières includes Lohengrin, Mahler Symphony No.8 of Berg’s complete three-act version of Lulu; in for EMI and Bruckner Mass No.1 in D minor for Messiaen’s only opera St. François d’Assise and Deutsche Grammophon. in Manoury’s K. Forthcoming engagements include Heerrufer In cinema Kenneth Riegel has appeared as (Lohengrin) at Los Angeles Opera, Musiklehrer Don Ottavio (Don Giovanni directed by Joseph (Ariadne auf Naxos) at the Bavarian State Losey) and as Prince Shuisky (Boris Godunov). Opera Munich and Kurwenal in a new He has made numerous recordings including production of Tristan und Isolde at the Salome with the Vienna Philharmonic Deutsche Oper Berlin. Orchestra conducted by von Dohnányi for Deutsche Grammophon. Eike Wilm Schulte was awarded the Goethe Medal by the State of Hessen's Ministry of Culture in 2008 and was recently awarded the title of Kammersänger by the Wiesbaden State Theatre.

0052 Mahler 8 booklet 20 page version.indd 17 11/01/2011 10:06:39 HANS SOTIN bass ETON COLLEGE BOYS’ CHOIR

Hans Sotin made his operatic début in 1962 as When King Henry VI founded Eton College in the Police Commissioner (Der Rosenkavalier) honour of the Blessed Virgin Mary in 1440, his in Essen and became a principal member of foundation provided for ten men and sixteen the Hamburg State Opera in 1964, singing not boys to sing the services, and with few breaks, only traditional roles but creating new roles the choir has been singing in the chapel from in works by Blacher, Einem and Penderecki. then until the present day. The choir today In 1970 he made his British début at is directed by Ralph Allwood, Precentor and Glyndebourne Festival Opera as Sarastro (Die Director of Music at Eton College, and formed Zauberflöte) and this was followed by débuts from 54 boys in the school, most of whom have at Chicago Lyric Opera as Grand Inquisitor been choristers at cathedrals or chapels before (Don Carlos) and at the Bayreuth Festival as they come to Eton for their secondary education. the Landgrave (Tannhäuser). He has sung at The choral tradition is maintained by the the Metropolitan Opera New York, Wiener regular singing of evensong and school services Staatsoper, La Scala di Milano and Royal Opera throughout the term time. House Covent Garden.

Hans Sotin's portrayals of Tannhäuser, LONDON SYMPHONY CHORUS Lohengrin, and Gurnemanz (Parsifal) at the 1993 Bayreuth Festival elicited critical The London Symphony Chorus works with many accolades. In addition to his varied operatic leading orchestras as well as maintaining a close repertoire, Sotin has won distinction for association with the London Symphony Orchestra. his concert repertoire, most particularly in From its creation the Chorus, under the direction performances of the music of J.S. Bach, Haydn, of eminent musicians including John Alldis, Beethoven, and Mahler. Arthur Oldham, Richard Hickox, Stephen Westrop and since 2001 Joseph Cullen, has continued to expand its wide repertoire of music including the commissioning of new works and the great twentieth century choral classics. The Chorus has made over 140 recordings, many under Richard Hickox, including Britten’s Peter Grimes, which received a Grammy® Award and Billy Budd.

0052 Mahler 8 booklet 20 page version.indd 18 11/01/2011 10:06:39 LONDON PHILHARMONIC CHOIR LONDON PHILHARMONIC ORCHESTRA

The London Philharmonic Choir was founded Recognised today as one of the finest in 1947 as the chorus for the London orchestras on the international stage, the Philharmonic Orchestra. It is widely regarded London Philharmonic Orchestra was founded as one of Britain’s finest choirs and consistently in 1932 by Sir Thomas Beecham. Since then, its meets with critical acclaim. The Choir’s Artistic Principal Conductors have included Sir Adrian Director is Neville Creed. Performing regularly Boult, Bernard Haitink, Sir Georg Solti, Klaus with the London Philharmonic Orchestra, the Tennstedt, Kurt Masur and Vladimir Jurowski, London Philharmonic Choir also works with the Orchestra’s current Principal Conductor. many other orchestras throughout the United Kingdom and makes annual appearances at The London Philharmonic Orchestra has the BBC Proms. It has performed under some been performing at Southbank Centre’s Royal of the world’s most eminent conductors – Festival Hall since it opened in 1951, becoming among them Pierre Boulez, Sir Mark Elder, Sir Resident Orchestra in 1992. It also performs John Eliot Gardiner, Bernard Haitink, Vladimir regularly around the UK and overseas and, Jurowski, Kurt Masur, Sir Roger Norrington, in summer, plays for Glyndebourne Festival Sir Simon Rattle, Sir Georg Solti and Klaus Opera. The Orchestra has broadcast regularly on LONDON SYMPHONY CHORUS Tennstedt. television and radio, and recorded soundtracks for blockbuster films including The Lord of the The London Philharmonic Choir has made Rings trilogy. It has made many distinguished numerous recordings for CD, radio and recordings over the years and in 2005 began television. The Choir often travels overseas and releasing live, studio and archive recordings on in recent years it has given concerts in many its own CD label. European countries, Hong Kong, Malaysia and Australia. www.lpo.org.uk

0052 Mahler 8 booklet 20 page version.indd 19 11/01/2011 10:06:39 GUSTAV MAHLER (1860–1911)

87:01 Symphony No.8

CD1 26:19 Part 1. Hymn: Veni, Creator Spiritus 01 01:30 Veni, Creator Spiritus 02 04:18 Imple superna gratia 03 02:30 Infirma nostri corporis 04 01:17 Tempo 1: Allegro, etwas hastig 05 03:26 Infirma nostri corporis 06 05:24 Accende lumen sensibus 07 05:13 Veni, Creator Spiritus 08 02:41 Gloria Patri Domino CD2 60:42 Part 2. Final Scene from Goethe’s Faust 01 06:37 Poco adagio 02 03:26 Piu mosso: Allegro moderato 03 04:41 Waldung, sie schwankt heran 04 01:44 Ewiger Wonnebrand 05 04:55 Wie Felsenabgrund mir zu Füssen 06 00:59 Gerettet ist das edle Glied – Hände verschlinget euch 07 01:57 Jene Rosen aus den Händen 08 02:21 Uns bleibt ein Erdenrest 09 01:13 Ich spür’ soeben – Hier ist die Aussicht frei – Freudig empfangen wir 10 04:28 Höchste Herrscherin der Welt! 11 03:54 Dir, der Unberührbaren – Du schwebst zu Höhen der ewigen Reiche 12 01:12 Bei der Liebe, die den Füssen 13 01:42 Bei dem Bronn, zu dem schon weiland 14 02:51 Bei dem hochgeweihten Orte 15 01:00 Neige, neige, du Ohnegleiche 16 03:55 Er überwächst uns schon – Vom edlen Geisterchor umgeben 17 07:55 Komm! Hebe dich zu höhern Sphären! – Blicket auf zum Retterblick, alle reuig Zarten 18 05:52 Alles Vergängliche ist nur ein Gleichnis

KLAUS TENNSTEDT conductor LONDON PHILHARMONIC ORCHESTRA David Nolan leader Recorded live at Southbank Centre’s ROYAL FESTIVAL HALL, London LPO – 0052

0052 Mahler 8 booklet 20 page version.indd 20 11/01/2011 10:06:39