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Earthquake in Haiti the Response of the Pan American Health Organization / World Health Organization Update March 3, 2010

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Earthquake in Haiti the Response of the Pan American Health Organization / World Health Organization Update March 3, 2010 Voute I Eglise Aux Plains Port-de-paix Saint Louis Du Nord Jean Rabel Mole-saint-nicolas Beau Champ Cap-haitien Bombardopolis Limbe Pepillo Salcedo Baie-de-henne Cros Morne La Plateforme Terrier Rouge Anse Rouge Plaisance Grande-riviere-du-nord Quanaminthe Gonaives Mont Organise Saint-michel-de-latalaye Pignon Dessalines Cerca Carvajal Petite-riviere-de-lartibo Hinche Saint-marc Thomassique Verrettes Bouli Mole-saint-nicolas BombardopolisLa Plateforme La Cayenne Grande Place La Chapelle Etroits Mirebalais Lascahobas CapAnse-dhainault Dame-marie Nan-mangot Port-a-pimenSaint-louis-de-sudt Arcahaie Port Salut Seringue Jeremie Cap Dame-marie Roseaux Grande Cayemite Corail Pestel Port-au-Prince Anse-a-veau Petion-ville Anse-dhainault Sources Chaudes Baraderes Henry Miragoane Petit-goave Carrefour Moussignac Marceline Lasile Trouin Tiburon Les Anglais Platon Besace Cavaillon Aquin Port-a-piment Saint-louis-de-sud Boucan Belier Jacmel Marigot Thiote Coteaux Les Cayes Laborieux Bainet Belle-anse Port Salut Ile A Vache Saint-jean Earthquake in Haiti The Response of the Pan American Health Organization / World Health Organization Update March 3, 2010 1 The Response of the Pan American Health Organization / World Health Organization to the Earthquake in Haiti The health system suffered severe damage to its infrastructure Overview and organization. In addition to many hospitals and health centers that were damaged, the Ministry of Health building The 12 January earthquake caused massive loss of life collapsed and many staff lost their lives. Also, a number of and countless injuries that required surgery and trauma health personnel died in the event. Although around 75% of management. The latest official figures report over 217,000 health staff are now reporting to work, many are not present deaths and more than 300,000 injured. The area between because they have lost their homes or must take care of their Port-au-Prince and Leogane and a 25-km radius around families. This situation has compromised the ability of Haiti’s the epicenter were directly affected, including Jacmel to a health system to respond to current needs. certain degree. Before the earthquake, there were 594 primary health care Almost two million people lost their homes. More than centers (with or without beds); 30 reference communal 500,000 have sought shelter in other areas of Haiti includ- hospitals (30-60 beds each); six centers for integrated epidemiology, mental ing Miragoane, Petit Goave, Grande Goave, Cap Haitian, diagnostics, 10 department hospitals (with 150 beds each); health, primary health Les Cayes and Gonaives. and three university hospitals (1,500 beds in total). The care mobile units, hos- total extent of the damage to Haiti’s health sector is still pital care and referrals, Many victims have become disabled and will require spe- unknown. Many hospitals have sustained damage but pharmacy, logistics, communication, among others. cialized care. Those left homeless have gathered in impro- continue to function, often with the help of NGOs. Initial In addition to the team present in Port-au-Prince, on the vised shelters or public spaces, creating overcrowding and assessments indicate that there are some 49 health facilities third day after the earthquake, PAHO/WHO sent a team poor sanitary conditions, which can lead to water-, air- with structural damage that has rendered them unusable. to Jimaní, in the Dominican Republic at the border with and vector-borne diseases and increasing the potential for Many NGOs and international medical teams are provid- Haiti. This field office acted as a logistics hub and also epidemic diseases. People were affected emotionally and ing a great number of health services. will require mental health and psychosocial support. supported local health facilities, which received over 3,000 patients in the first few days. A medical officer from PAHO/WHO supported triage PAHO/WHO in Haiti efforts in hospitals, and Dominican medical brigades were sent to Jimaní to help refer patients to hospitals in Santo PAHO/WHO’s long-term mission in Haiti is to provide Domingo. PAHO set up a coordination mechanism with technical cooperation that promotes equity in health, com- the health staff of the ‘Love a Child’ Hospital, run by bats disease and improves the quality of life for the country’s Harvard University and World Vision, to join forces in people. The team of over 50 PAHO/WHO staff who were the treatment of patients. A small pharmacy was set up to already in Haiti was immediately strengthened with 30 in- serve the hospitals. ternational experts in fields including disaster management, 2 The Response of the Pan American Health Organization / World Health Organization to the Earthquake in Haiti The field office in Jimaní has also served as a logistical base to identify and track the enormous amount of medical supplies being sent to Haiti. A two-person team used LSS/ SUMA, the humanitarian supply management system de- veloped by PAHO/WHO, to sort through tons of medical supplies that entered Haiti via the Dominican Republic, to ensure that urgently needed items reach disaster victims who needed them. On the other side of the border, more than 10,000 people sought medical attention in the locality of Fond Parisien. The existing hospital was quickly overwhelmed with patients. PAHO/WHO provided equipment and beds to enlarge its capacity. 3 The Response of the Pan American Health Organization / World Health Organization to the Earthquake in Haiti began operating four days after the event, when a Health 1. 2 Re-activation of the Health Information System Update on Activities Cluster Coordinator was designated to help Haitian health authorities coordinate the international health relief effort, Haiti’s Health Information System, which was already carry out an initial evaluation of needs, and map out the weak before the earthquake, was disrupted by the catastro- 1. Health cluster/sector coordination capacities and activities of NGOs, governments and UN phe. The Ministry of Public Health and Population (MSPP 1.1 Interagency collaboration and partnerships agencies to ensure that the health response would be as for its French abbreviation) lost 200 staff when its building effective as possible. collapsed; many health staff at hospitals and health centers WHO (PAHO in the Americas) is charged with coordi- were affected, and a number of them left their posts. nating the health cluster in major emergencies. In Haiti, Within the first days, OCHA had established a joint The MSPP asked for support from PAHO/WHO and other more than 314 health partners work together under the website (www.oneresponse.info), and health partners partners including UNFPA, UNICEF, U.S. Centers for Dis- Health Cluster. They include local organizations, interna- populated the site with useful data, including background ease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the Clinton Foun- tional NGOs and bilateral teams who support government information on the health situation in the country before dation to establish a Health Information Situation Room efforts to treat the injured and provide health services in the earthquake; location of hospitals and health centers; as the basis for a system for collecting and managing health the affected areas. announcements from the Ministry of Health; bulletins on activities carried out by health partners; information on information. This information should provide an overview of This tremendous influx of human resources and supplies epidemiological surveillance and health guidelines for best the needs, epidemic trends and services available to enable the creates an enormous need for coordination. The Cluster practices. MSPP to take evidence-based decisions. To ensure effectiveness, sub-groups were created to develop strategies and protocols to guide the response on the fol- lowing areas: 1) primary health care and mobile clinics; 2) hospitals and trauma care; 3) health information manage- ment; 4) mental health and psychosocial support; 5) dis- abilities; 6) medical supplies; 7) early warning of commu- nicable diseases and 8) reproductive health. The Health Cluster has also been coordinating prepared- ness for the upcoming rainy and hurricane seasons, which are expected to increase health risks, especially in tempo- rary shelters where nearly two million people are living. PAHO/WHO also participates in the Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Cluster and the Nutrition and Logistics Clusters. 4 The Response of the Pan American Health Organization / World Health Organization to the Earthquake in Haiti A simple and practical system is being developed around 1.3 Civil-military collaboration The warehouse and offices of PROMESS were spared by the following information areas: human resources for the earthquake, and in the following days, an even greater health, financial resources, provision of health services and In the aftermath of the earthquake, one of the challenges number of health supplies were given to NGOs and epidemiological information. A single form for data collec- faced by the health sector was the distribution of drugs health facilities for distribution. However, many hospitals tion is being developed for use in all health facilities and in and medical supplies to health facilities in need. The Haiti and health centers could not contact PROMESS to get settlements for the displaced. Program for Essential Medicines (PROMESS), managed medicines. by PAHO/WHO, has been in charge of procuring and Post-Disaster Needs Assessment for Reconstruction distributing medical supplies for the health system in Haiti Several days after the earthquake, the U.S. Army offered to for the past 18 years. support PROMESS in the distribution of drugs and sup- A Post-Disaster Needs Assessment (PNDA) was initi- plies. The collaboration revolved around four areas: ated on 18 February by the United Nations, the World Bank, the European Commission and the Inter-American • The U.S. Army provided 25 medical logisticians and Development Bank, at the request of the Prime Minister pharmacists who, for several weeks, worked throughout of Haiti. This group is liaising with other national and the night to update the inventory of PROMESS.
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