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Spring 2013

Bridging Two Dynasties

Lyle Spatz

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This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the University of Nebraska Press at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of Nebraska Press -- Sample Books and Chapters by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Bridging Two Dynasties

Buy the Book Memorable Teams in History

Buy the Book Bridging Two Dynasties The 1947 Yankees

Edited by Lyle Spatz Associate Editors: Maurice Bouchard and Leonard Levin

Published by the University of Nebraska Press Lincoln & London, and the Society for American Baseball Research

Buy the Book © 2013 by the Society for American Baseball Research

A different version of chapter 22 originally appeared in Spahn, Sain, and Teddy Ballgame: ’s (Almost) Perfect Baseball Summer of 1948, edited by Bill Nowlin (Burlington ma: Rounder Books, 2008).

All photographs are courtesy of the National Baseball Hall of Fame Library, Cooperstown, New York, unless otherwise indicated.

Player statistics are courtesy of Baseball-Reference.com. Final standings in chapter 60 are courtesy of .org.

All rights reserved Manufactured in the of America

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Bridging two dynasties: the 1947 / edited by Lyle Spatz; associate editors, Maurice Bouchard and Leonard Levin. pages cm. — (Memorable teams in baseball history) Includes bibliographical references. isbn 978-0-8032-4094-0 (pbk: alk. paper) 1. New York Yankees (Baseball team)—History—20th century. I. Spatz, Lyle, 1937– gv875.n4b75 2013 796.357'64097471—dc23 2012044734

Set in Sabon by Laura Wellington.

Buy the Book Table of Contents

Acknowledgments . . ix 16. . . 60 Introduction . . xi Joseph Wancho 17. . . 64 1. The Yankees’ Ownership . . 1 Mike Huber Mark Armour and Dan Levitt 18. Rugger Ardizoia . . 68 2. How the 1947 Team Was Built . . 5 Bill Nowin Lyle Spatz 19. . . 72 3. The Hiring of . . 7 Joseph M. Schuster Art Spanjer 20. . . 76 4. Yankees in 1947 . . 10 Marc Z Aaron Walter LeConte and Bill Nowlin 21. Timeline, May 23–June 12 . . 79 5. Yankees Involvement in the Suspension of Lyle Spatz . . 13 22. . . 82 Jeffrey Marlett Mike Richard 6. Bucky Harris . . 17 23. . . 85 John Contois Rob Edelman 7. Charlie Dressen . . 22 24. . . 91 Mark Stewart Tom Hawthorn 8. . . 27 25. . . 95 C. Paul Rogers III Jimmy Keenan 9. Timeline, April 14–April 29 . . 31 26. Aaron Robinson . . 101 Lyle Spatz Mark Stewart 10. . . 33 27. Timeline, June 13–June 30 . . 105 Chris Kemmer Lyle Spatz 11. . . 36 28. . . 108 Mark Stewart Cort Vitty 12. . . 42 29. . . 112 Nicholas Diunte Steve Ferenchick 13. George McQuinn . . 46 30. . . 116 C. Paul Rogers III Chip Greene 14. . . 52 31. Ted Sepkowski . . 122 Royse Parr Jack V. Morris 15. Timeline, April 30–May 22 . . 57 32. Frank Shea . . 126 Lyle Spatz Don Harrison

Buy the Book 33. Johnny Lucadello . . 131 52. George Stirnweiss . . 211 Richard Riis Rob Edelman 34. Timeline, July 1–July 21 . . 136 53. Jack Phillips . . 217 Lyle Spatz Charles F. Faber 35. . . 139 54. . . 221 Lawrence Baldassaro Lawrence Baldassaro 36. Reynolds and Raschi, Building Blocks of a 55. Timeline, August 29–September 19 . . 226 . . 143 Lyle Spatz Sol Gittleman 56. Sherman Lollar . . 230 37. New York Yankees in the 1947 All-Star John McMurray Game . . 147 57. Butch Wensloff . . 234 Lyle Spatz Christine L. Putnam 38. . . 148 58. Dick Starr . . 238 Ralph Berger James Lincoln Ray 39. Bobo in New York . . 152 59. . . 241 Mike Ross James Forr 40. The Yankees’ Nineteen-Game Winning 60. Timeline, September 20–September 28 . . 246 Streak . . 154 Lyle Spatz Brendan Bingham 61. . . 248 41. Timeline, July 22–August 7 . . 158 Bill Nowlin Lyle Spatz 62. Frank Crosetti . . 253 42. . . 161 Tara Krieger Rob Neyer 63. . . 259 43. . . 166 Mark Stewart Peter Mancuso 64. . . 266 44. . . 170 Warren Corbett Dave Williams 65. . . 272 45. Johnny Schulte . . 178 Curt Smith James Lincoln Ray 66. The 1947 . . 276 46. Allie . . 181 Tom Hawthorn Rick Malwitz 67. . . 282 47. Joe DiMaggio . . 185 Peter M. Gordon Lawrence Baldassaro 68. Bill Bevens’s Almost World Series 48. Timeline, August 8–August 28 . . 193 No-Hitter . . 286 Lyle Spatz Joe Dittmar 49. . . 196 69. Larry MacPhail . . 288 John Vorperian Ralph Berger 50. . . 201 70. . . 293 Dan Levitt and Mark Armour Dan Levitt 51. . . 206 71. Most Valuable Player Dan Levitt and Mark Armour Award . . 299 Lyle Spatz

Buy the Book 72. American League Rookie of the Year Award . . 300 Lyle Spatz 73. American League Award . . 301 Lyle Spatz 74. Yankees Attendance in 1947 . . 302 Gary Epilogue . . 306 Lyle Spatz Notes and References . . 309 Contributors . . 341

Buy the Book Buy the Book Acknowledgments

This book is the result of the work of many mem- Rugger Ardizoia, Dr. Bobby Brown, Allie bers of the Society for American Baseball Research Clark, Don Johnson, Randy Gumpert, Mel Queen, (sabr). Mark Armour, chairman of sabr’s Bio- Phil Rizzuto, and Dick Starr, all members of the Project Committee, and Bill Nowlin, in charge of 1947 Yankees, were most generous in sharing their team projects, fi rst had the idea for books devoted remembrances of their careers, as were the friends to specifi c teams. and families of many of the players. I thank all the contributors, those who wrote The National Baseball Library and Archive player biographies and those who wrote arti- in Cooperstown, New York, provided various cles, for their patience and cooperation. I offer authors access to their subjects’ player fi les. Patri- my grateful appreciation to Len Levin and Maury cia Kelly, of the National Baseball Library and Bouchard. Len and Maury read every word of the Archive, furnished all the photographs that appear text and made numerous corrections to both lan- in the book except for that of Frank Colman. Scott guage and statistics. Tom Bourke researched the Crawford, of the Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame genealogical history of every player and in many and Museum, provided the Colman photo. cases spoke to their descendants. Stephan Saks of the New York Public Library helped track down some diffi cult-to-fi nd New York newspaper stories.

Buy the Book Buy the Book Introduction

Marty Appel

The 1947 Yankees always seemed to stand “alone” self in baseball heaven, the Yankees. He had lost to me among the litany of champion Yankee twenty games three times. This was not a classic clubs — neither a Joe McCarthy team nor a Casey Yankee pickup. Stengel team, carrying over some wartime players Yet there was Bobo, thirty-, taking the and introducing some guys that, frankly, did not mound as a starting in his baggy gray New feel like Yankees. York uniform, starting Game Three of the 1947 I mean, what were George McQuinn (a St. World Series in , the park where he Louis Brownie!), Bobo Newsom (who played had broken in at age twenty. His teammates then everywhere!), and Aaron Robinson (a who included , Davey Bancroft, and Max was neither Dickey nor Berra) doing in Yankee Carey, and his was , ? who broke in in 1885! He had more than fi ve thou- And for that matter, what was Bucky Harris sand professional under his belt, and there doing managing the Yankees? As Larry MacPhail he was—a Yankee in a World was remaking the team following his purchase of Series, surrounded by Joe DiMaggio, Tommy the club in 1945 (with Dan Topping and Del Webb), Henrich, and Phil Rizzuto. this made little sense. Harris was a career Amer- This would be the game in which Yogi Berra, ican Leaguer with little connection to MacPhail, pinch-hitting for , lofted a pinch- and even less a connection to the Yanks. This home in the seventh off , was the man who would manage the team? You which would, incredibly, be pinch-hit thought of Harris, and you thought of the Sena- in World Series history. tors. The Yankees? Yes, there was something very interesting about It all seemed so strange. this team. There was at second McQuinn, for example, was best known for base, a chance to prove he was not just a “war- holding down fi rst base for the -winning time” player, as he paired with Rizzuto to form Browns in 1944—their only pennant—but even an excellent -play combination. And there then, he was a .250 hitter of rather pedestrian were Allie Reynolds and Vic Raschi, not quite the skills. Reynolds-Raschi-Lopat trio who would prove so Newsom! Don’t get me started! He had this dominant in coming years, but enjoying their fi rst clownish nickname, and he was so un-Yankee, year as teammates and picking up World Series having started playing pro ball in 1928 and - rings in the process. Reynolds came from Cleve- ing for , the Cubs, the Browns, the Sen- land for and won nineteen, while Ras- ators, the Red Sox, the Browns again, the Tigers, chi, homegrown and signed by ’s scout, the Senators again, the Dodgers again, the Browns Paul Krichell, came up from Portland in July and again, the Senators again, the Athletics, and the went 7-2. Senators again, before waking up and fi nding him- Fireman Joe Page was a special fi gure in 1947, a

Buy the Book before there was glamour to the role, pitch in a World Series. Well I reached all three so winning fourteen and saving seventeen (although how can I complain? Of course, it would have been saves were not an offi cial statistic back then), and nice to know all those years ago that Lavagetto Joe enjoyed the good life, perhaps more than he couldn’t hit a low inside pitch. But what the hell.” should have. But to be young and a Yankee and to Bucky Harris deserved a better fate. With hang out with Joe DiMaggio — life was good. MacPhail gone in ’48 after one too many drinks Fans were still basking in the postwar era of and one too many punches at the World Series cel- good feelings, packing Major League ballparks, ebration party in ’47 , Harris could not survive fi n- and enjoying the return of the “real guys” after ishing two and a half the following enduring years of 4-f players. DiMaggio, who had year, despite winning ninety-four games. Had he hit just .290 in 1946, needed to prove that he was been spared, as good logic suggests, he might have still Joe D., and he did, with his third mvp Award. been the man to win fi ve straight world champion- He got out of the gate quickly and peaked at .368 ships starting in 1949, as did. And on June 3. Now thirty-two, there certainly loomed then we would be speaking of Harris in the open- large questions over whether his skills were gone. ing paragraph when we write of the greatest man- Everyone — Yankee fans or not — breathed a col- agers in history. lective sigh of relief when it looked like indeed, his Yes, the ’47 Yanks were the team that did not game had returned. quite connect with the team’s past, but one that Given little chance to displace the power- made its fans feel terrifi c — the war was over, and ful defending champion , this Bombers were back on top. Real life had blend of veterans — along with rookies like Frank offi cially returned. Shea, Yogi Berra, and Bobby Brown—compiled a And all was right with the world. record-tying nineteen-game winning streak as they romped to the American League pennant. They then defeated the Brooklyn Dodgers in a classic seven-game World Series that included two of the most memorable incidents in Series history—both at the expense of the Yankees. It was in the , the fi rst to be televised, that Brooklyn’s broke up Bill Bevens’s attempt at the fi rst World Series no-hitter, when, as announced, “here comes the tying run and here comes the winning run!” And was the Brooklyn out- fi elder who Barber told us went “back, back, back, back, back . . . oh doctor!” in robbing DiMaggio of what would have been his only World Series home run in Yankee Stadium. (Neither Bevens, Gionfriddo, nor Lavagetto ever played in the big leagues again after that Series.) “Every kid has a dream, right?” said Bevens. “Mine was to meet , be a Yankee and xii marty appel

Buy the Book Chapter 1. The Yankees’ Ownership Mark Armour and Dan Levitt

What came to be known as the Yankees Dynasty settle it. There were also disagreements between began under the twenty-four-year stewardship of the government and the trust as to the value of . Known as “Colonel” because of its assets, including the Yankees. When Ruppert his prior service in the National Guard, Ruppert bought out Huston in 1923, the team had been owned and operated a profi table brewery, served valued at $2.5 million, but the government now four terms in the U.S. Congress, and in 1915 pur- assessed it at $5 million. The estate chose to liti- chased half of the New York Yankees. His co- gate the valuations of both the team and the brew- owner, Tillinghast L’Hommedieu Huston, rose to ery, which had the benefi t of postponing the tax the rank of lieutenant colonel in the army during payment for a few years. Nevertheless, in order to the First World War. Colonel Ruppert bought out raise the funds to settle the tax burden, the even- Colonel Huston in 1923, by which point the Yan- tual sale of the team was inevitable.1 kees were the class of the American League. In 1941 the country was drawn into the Sec- Ruppert’s willingness to invest in his team led ond World War, and most of America’s non-war- to the purchase of several players from the Boston related fi nancial activity came to a halt. The Yan- Red Sox, most notably Babe Ruth, and the new kees were now administered by the Manufacturers talent helped win a string of pennants. In the fall Trust Company, which was actively trying to sell of 1920 the Yankees’ owners hired as the team. With a war going on, though, there were one of baseball’s fi rst general managers. Two and few willing and able buyers around. a half years later the team christened the massive One interested buyer was Larry MacPhail, the Yankee Stadium, with nearly sixty thousand seats, former general manager of the Reds which became the country’s most venerated sport- and Brooklyn Dodgers, now working in the War ing facility. In 1932 Ruppert hired George Weiss to Department. In early 1943 MacPhail put together create and run one of baseball’s fi rst and best farm a syndicate to bid on the Yankees. The most prom- systems, ensuring the continuation of the dynasty. inent moneyed member of his group was John At the time of Ruppert’s death, in , Hertz, a taxicab and rental-car magnate in Chi- the club had won ten pennants and seven World cago. In February 1944 Commissioner Kenesaw Series. Ruppert had no children; he left his entire M. Landis put the brakes on the deal because estate, including his brewery and the Yankees, in Hertz owned several thoroughbred horses, and a trust for the benefi t of two nieces and the daugh- Landis wanted to avoid any relationship between ter of a deceased friend. Barrow and manager Joe baseball and gambling interests. While MacPhail McCarthy continued to ably run the club, and the backed away, Ed Barrow looked for another buyer. team made four more World Series appearances Barrow, now seventy-fi ve years old but still run- (winning three) in the next six years. ning the club and wishing to continue, had two big Meanwhile, Ruppert’s trustees were faced with reasons to disapprove of a sale to a MacPhail group. a large estate-tax burden and not enough cash to First, Barrow owned 10 percent of the club, and

1

Buy the Book MacPhail’s offer ($2.8 million for the 96.88 per- elected vice presidents. Barrow was made chair- cent of the stock owned by the Ruppert estate and man of the board, an empty title with no duties. Barrow) represented little profi t on Barrow’s invest- MacPhail was in charge. ment more than two decades earlier. The team had During the long reign of Ruppert and Barrow, enjoyed tremendous fi nancial success in the inter- the Yankees had been a businesslike, drama-free vening years, always pouring its profi ts back into operation. Ruppert gave Barrow control over the the ball club, and now also owned several Minor team, and the two men managed to keep any dis- League teams and Yankee Stadium. Moreover, agreements they may have had out of the newspa- MacPhail was a loud, domineering man who would pers. In 1931 they hired Joe McCarthy to manage surely want complete control over the operation of the club and granted him autonomy over the play- the club. Barrow would be out, he knew. ers. They deftly sidestepped Babe Ruth’s annual Barrow tried to interest his friend , lobbying (with the backing of many fans and writ- owner of the Boston Red Sox, in purchasing the ers) for the Yankees’ managerial post. Ruppert put Yankees, which would necessitate Yawkey’s fi nd- off his star until Ruth could no longer help the club ing a buyer for his own club. It is not known how on the fi eld and then sold his contract to the Bos- seriously Yawkey took Barrow’s suggestion, but ton Braves. in any case, nothing ever came of it. Barrow also Ruppert and Barrow wanted to win and were turned to , a former postmaster gen- not driven by concerns about public relations. eral, but that also went nowhere. Both men, along with Weiss and McCarthy, lived As the pressure grew on the trust to pay the quiet lives off the fi eld and proved frustrating to estate tax, MacPhail learned the trust was still the press corps. Despite the assurances to Bar- willing to accept the original terms if he could row by Topping and Webb, Larry MacPhail made come up with the money. He soon did so, more news wherever he went and would not change just successfully this time, lining up two investors from because he was taking over the hallowed and con- his original syndicate to put up most of the money: servative Yankees. Dan Topping, a sportsman-playboy who owned a With the war going on and many baseball play- professional football team in Brooklyn, and Del ers in the service, there was little opportunity for Webb, a construction and real estate magnate from reconstructing the ball club. Much of MacPhail’s . Once Barrow realized the sale was inevi- energy was instead directed toward the day-to-day table, he arranged separate meetings with Topping activities of the team, which did not sit well with and Webb to stress the importance of maintain- Joe McCarthy, who had won seven World Series ing stability in the organization. Both men assured as the Yankees’ manager. McCarthy had always him they intended to keep the team running as it been a drinker, but during the relatively calm always had. days working with Ed Barrow he had managed to The sale of the Yankees to MacPhail, Webb, and keep his habit in check. In 1945, though, his prob- Topping was announced in January 1945. Shortly lem worsened, and he left the club on July 20 to thereafter the trio acquired the small remaining return to his Buffalo home. (The press was told he interests held by others, giving the three men com- was battling health issues.) He tried to resign, but plete ownership. MacPhail borrowed most of his MacPhail encouraged him to stick it out, and he share of the purchase price from the other two returned on August 9. During McCarthy’s absence and, as the baseball man in the group, was named MacPhail had jettisoned his best pitcher. club president. Topping, Webb, and Weiss were On July 27 MacPhail sold Borowy, the

2 mark armour and dan levitt

Buy the Book club’s most effective pitcher, to the Cubs their 1948 pennant. Nonetheless, Reynolds’s eight for ninety-seven thousand dollars. This was some- stellar years anchoring the team’s pitching staff what shocking, as the Yankees did not seem to made this an excellent deal for MacPhail. In Jan- be in need of money. MacPhail feebly noted that uary 1947 MacPhail signed veteran fi rst baseman Borowy was a poor second-half pitcher, but the George McQuinn to take over for the disappointing hurler fi nished 11-2 for Chicago and helped lead . McQuinn was nearly thirty-seven and them to the pennant.2 MacPhail, was coming off a poor season with the Philadelphia it was assumed, just wanted to shake up his team Athletics, but he still had one excellent season left. and to show the troops who was boss. The Yan- In the spring of 1947 Larry MacPhail was kees were 4 games behind the Tigers at the time of involved in a bit of drama whose echoes would the sale and fi nished 6½ back. be felt throughout the season and beyond. During In 1946, with the war over, MacPhail was ready spring training the Yankees and Dodgers played to make more of an impact. He installed lights a series of exhibition games in , . at Yankee Stadium, as he had done in Cincinnati After one of the contests, Dodger president Branch (the fi rst in the Major Leagues) and Brooklyn. He Rickey told the press that there were “notorious added a new Stadium Club (which offered more gamblers” sitting in MacPhail’s box. Dodger man- luxurious seating and brought in five hundred ager Leo Durocher had been warned by Com- thousand dollars before the season even started), missioner about his own off- reinstalled fi fteen thousand seats, and added more the-fi eld associates, so Rickey, and Durocher in a promotional events. The Yankees drew an all-time subsequent newspaper column, wondered why the record 2,265,512 customers in 1946, a sign that rules were not the same for MacPhail. The angry much of MacPhail’s work was paying off. Yankee boss denied that he even knew the peo- On the fi eld the Yankees won 87 games, well ple who were sitting near him and demanded a short of the powerful Boston Red Sox. Joe McCar- hearing with Chandler. At the two meetings, both thy again had to leave the team for “health” rea- Durocher and Rickey apologized for their appar- sons, and this time he did not return. Longtime ent mistake, and MacPhail walked over to Leo and catcher took over the club in May, but hugged him, saying, “You’ve always been a great quit in September when he realized that MacPhail guy with me, and you always will be a great guy. would not renew him for 1947, admitting that get- Forget it buddy, it’s over.”4 ting along with MacPhail was a challenge.3 Johnny Unfortunately, Commissioner Chandler did not Neun fi nished out the year, but left after the sea- agree, suspending Durocher for the entire 1947 son to manage the . MacPhail season for his unnamed nefarious off-fi eld activi- then hired Bucky Harris, a managerial veteran of ties (none of them related to the MacPhail matter). twenty seasons. The Dodgers were fl abbergasted, as was MacPhail, MacPhail made two important moves during who spent most of the rest of the year trying to the off-season. First, he traded get Durocher reinstated. Chandler demanded that Joe Gordon to the Indians for pitcher no one in the hearing talk about what went on, Allie Reynolds. The thirty-one-year-old Gordon a demand MacPhail ignored. MacPhail had been had hit just .210 in 1946, and MacPhail proba- the man most responsible for Chandler’s becom- bly thought he would not recover his prewar form. ing commissioner in 1945, but the Durocher deci- In fact, Gordon did bounce back to give the Indi- sion so angered him that it effectively ended their ans a few excellent seasons and help lead them to friendship. the yankees’ ownership 3

Buy the Book Meanwhile, the Yankees surged to ninety-seven a complimentary remark about Rickey. MacPhail wins and won the pennant fairly easily. After their then accosted Weiss, who was sitting with his dramatic World Series victory over the Dodgers, wife, eventually fi ring the Yankees’ accomplished ending with a win in Yankee Stadium farm director. When Dan Topping tried to inter- on October 6, the Yankees’ front offi ce had every vene, MacPhail shouted at his partner, “You’re reason to feel satisfi ed with their accomplishment just a guy who was born with a silver spoon in and their future. your mouth and never made a dollar in your life.” Yet MacPhail’s bizarre reaction to the club’s As MacPhail walked away, Topping grabbed him, victory would ultimately take over the story. Just saying, “Come here you. . . . I have taken all of this minutes after the fi nal game, he stormed into the I am going to take.” Topping forced MacPhail into team’s clubhouse and announced his resignation, a an adjoining kitchen and closed the door.7 decision fi rst thought to be fueled by emotion (he Mrs. MacPhail was in tears. “What’s Danny was reportedly crying) and alcohol. A few hours doing to him?” she cried. “He’s a mighty sick, ner- later, MacPhail arrived at the Biltmore Hotel, in vous man.” Topping emerged alone, having forced , where the three owners were hosting the somewhat calmer MacPhail out a side door. a lavish “Victory Dinner.” The press was waiting MacPhail returned sometime later, freshened up for him, but he angrily shouted, “Stay away or get with neatly combed hair. He berated at least one punched.” Sid Keener, of the St. Louis Star-Times, Yankee player after his return, but the drama was managed to get a few quotes. “I’m simply tired of largely over.8 it all,” said MacPhail. “Too much worry. The crit- Topping and Webb quickly assessed the situa- ical New York press gets me down. Besides, there tion and concluded that they could not leave their are a lot of guys in baseball I don’t like — and don’t investment in the hands of the obviously unsta- care to associate with.” He specifi cally mentioned ble Larry MacPhail. The following day the Yan- Chandler and Rickey. “Well, I gave New York kees announced Webb and Topping had bought another championship, didn’t I? And what are they out MacPhail’s shares for $2 million. Topping was saying about it around here? That I’m nothing but elected president, and Weiss was named general a big popoff. Maybe I am, but I deliver the goods, manager. “MacPhail’s connection with the Yan- don’t I?”5 kees is ended,” said Topping. MacPhail had turned It later came out that MacPhail had been fl us- his initial $250,000 investment into $2 million in tered by a brief exchange with Rickey after the less than three years, but he would never work in fi nal game, before MacPhail entered the Yankees’ baseball again. locker room. MacPhail offered his hand, which Dan Daniel, writing in the , sum- Rickey took while saying, “I’m shaking hands marized the dramatic events this way: “After three with you because a thousand people are looking years of turbulence and equivocation under the on, but I don’t like you.” Rickey later acknowl- sometimes inspired, and often much less than that, edged this conversation.6 administration of Col. Leland Stanford MacPhail, When he fi nally made it inside to the dinner, the Yankees have returned to quiet and the peace- MacPhail only made things worse. He stum- ful pursuit of baseball happiness.”9 The team of bled drunk around the dining room, alternating Webb, Topping, and Weiss would remain in place between bouts of sentimental crying and irrational for thirteen years, capturing ten pennants and raging. He slugged John McDonald, former trav- seven World Series titles. eling secretary with the Dodgers, who had made

4 mark armour and dan levitt

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