Work in Progress the Alchemy of Jupiter and Pluto Conjunctions by Transit and in Natal Charts (Applies to Squares and Oppositions Too)
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DEVOTED to INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LITIGATION & ENFORCEMENT Edited by Gregory J
MAY/JUNE 2020 VOLUME 26 NUMBER 3 DEVOTED TO INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LITIGATION & ENFORCEMENT Edited by Gregory J. Battersby and Charles W. Grimes Litigator® Copyright Litigation against each other. While Skidmore’s expert, Dr. Alexander Stewart, acknowledged that a chro- Ira Sacks and Evelina Gentry matic scale and arpeggios are com- mon musical elements, he found Taurus and Stairway to Heaven similar because the descending Led Zeppelin In 1971, Led Zeppelin released chromatic scales in the two compo- Prevails in Stairway to Heaven, written by sitions skip the note E and return to Jimmy Page and Robert Plant. the tonic pitch, A, and the notes in Stairway to Wolfe died in 1997 and in 2014 the scale have the same durations. Heaven Copyright a co-trustee of his trust, Michael Led Zeppelin’s expert, Dr. Lawrence Skidmore, filed a suit alleging Ferrara, testified that the two com- Battle that Stairway to Heaven infringed positions are completely distinct. the copyright in Taurus because Dr. Ferrara testified that the simi- Nearly 40 years after Led Zeppelin the opening notes of Stairway to larities claimed by Skidmore either released Stairway to Heaven— Heaven are substantially similar to involve unprotectable common viewed by many as one of the great- the eight-measure passage at the musical elements or are random. est rock songs of all time—Led beginning of the Taurus deposit The jury returned a verdict for Zeppelin was sued for copyright copy. The claimed portion includes Led Zeppelin. The jury found that infringement. The estate of guitar- five descending notes of a chro- Skidmore owned the copyright to ist Randy Wolfe, who composed matic musical scale. -
Petitioner V
No. ________ IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES ______________________ Michael Skidmore, Trustee for the Randy Craig Wolfe Trust, Petitioner v. Led Zeppelin, et al., Respondents _______________________ On Petition for a Writ of Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. PETITION FOR A WRIT OF CERTIORARI ______________________ Alfred J. (AJ) Fluehr, Esquire Counsel of Record FRANCIS ALEXANDER LLC 280 N. Providence Road | Suite 1 Media, PA 19063 (215) 341-1063 [email protected] Attorney for Petitioner, Michael Skidmore, Trustee for the Randy Craig Wolfe Trust Dated: August 6, 2020 i Question Presented 1 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 represent the 106 years that the courts of this nation recognized that musical works were protected as created and fixed in a tangible medium under the Copyright Act of 1909—and that the deposit requirement was a technical formality. In those 106 years not one copyright trial was limited or controlled by the deposit, which was usually an incomplete outline of the song. -
What Is the Color of Pluto? - Universe Today
What is the Color of Pluto? - Universe Today space and astronomy news Universe Today Home Members Guide to Space Carnival Photos Videos Forum Contact Privacy Login NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft captured this high-resolution enhanced color view of http://www.universetoday.com/13866/color-of-pluto/[29-Mar-17 13:18:37] What is the Color of Pluto? - Universe Today Pluto on July 14, 2015. Credit: NASA/JHUAPL/SwRI WHAT IS THE COLOR OF PLUTO? Article Updated: 28 Mar , 2017 by Matt Williams When Pluto was first discovered by Clybe Tombaugh in 1930, astronomers believed that they had found the ninth and outermost planet of the Solar System. In the decades that followed, what little we were able to learn about this distant world was the product of surveys conducted using Earth-based telescopes. Throughout this period, astronomers believed that Pluto was a dirty brown color. In recent years, thanks to improved observations and the New Horizons mission, we have finally managed to obtain a clear picture of what Pluto looks like. In addition to information about its surface features, composition and tenuous atmosphere, much has been learned about Pluto’s appearance. Because of this, we now know that the one-time “ninth planet” of the Solar System is rich and varied in color. Composition: With a mean density of 1.87 g/cm3, Pluto’s composition is differentiated between an icy mantle and a rocky core. The surface is composed of more than 98% nitrogen ice, with traces of methane and carbon monoxide. Scientists also suspect that Pluto’s internal structure is differentiated, with the rocky material having settled into a dense core surrounded by a mantle of water ice. -
The Solar System Cause Impact Craters
ASTRONOMY 161 Introduction to Solar System Astronomy Class 12 Solar System Survey Monday, February 5 Key Concepts (1) The terrestrial planets are made primarily of rock and metal. (2) The Jovian planets are made primarily of hydrogen and helium. (3) Moons (a.k.a. satellites) orbit the planets; some moons are large. (4) Asteroids, meteoroids, comets, and Kuiper Belt objects orbit the Sun. (5) Collision between objects in the Solar System cause impact craters. Family portrait of the Solar System: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, (Eris, Ceres, Pluto): My Very Excellent Mother Just Served Us Nine (Extra Cheese Pizzas). The Solar System: List of Ingredients Ingredient Percent of total mass Sun 99.8% Jupiter 0.1% other planets 0.05% everything else 0.05% The Sun dominates the Solar System Jupiter dominates the planets Object Mass Object Mass 1) Sun 330,000 2) Jupiter 320 10) Ganymede 0.025 3) Saturn 95 11) Titan 0.023 4) Neptune 17 12) Callisto 0.018 5) Uranus 15 13) Io 0.015 6) Earth 1.0 14) Moon 0.012 7) Venus 0.82 15) Europa 0.008 8) Mars 0.11 16) Triton 0.004 9) Mercury 0.055 17) Pluto 0.002 A few words about the Sun. The Sun is a large sphere of gas (mostly H, He – hydrogen and helium). The Sun shines because it is hot (T = 5,800 K). The Sun remains hot because it is powered by fusion of hydrogen to helium (H-bomb). (1) The terrestrial planets are made primarily of rock and metal. -
Pluto and Charon
National Aeronautics and Space Administration 0 300,000,000 900,000,000 1,500,000,000 2,100,000,000 2,700,000,000 3,300,000,000 3,900,000,000 4,500,000,000 5,100,000,000 5,700,000,000 kilometers Pluto and Charon www.nasa.gov Pluto is classified as a dwarf planet and is also a member of a Charon’s orbit around Pluto takes 6.4 Earth days, and one Pluto SIGNIFICANT DATES group of objects that orbit in a disc-like zone beyond the orbit of rotation (a Pluto day) takes 6.4 Earth days. Charon neither rises 1930 — Clyde Tombaugh discovers Pluto. Neptune called the Kuiper Belt. This distant realm is populated nor sets but “hovers” over the same spot on Pluto’s surface, 1977–1999 — Pluto’s lopsided orbit brings it slightly closer to with thousands of miniature icy worlds, which formed early in the and the same side of Charon always faces Pluto — this is called the Sun than Neptune. It will be at least 230 years before Pluto history of the solar system. These icy, rocky bodies are called tidal locking. Compared with most of the planets and moons, the moves inward of Neptune’s orbit for 20 years. Kuiper Belt objects or transneptunian objects. Pluto–Charon system is tipped on its side, like Uranus. Pluto’s 1978 — American astronomers James Christy and Robert Har- rotation is retrograde: it rotates “backwards,” from east to west Pluto’s 248-year-long elliptical orbit can take it as far as 49.3 as- rington discover Pluto’s unusually large moon, Charon. -
United States District Court Central District of California
Case 2:15-cv-03462-RGK-AGR Document 159 Filed 04/08/16 Page 1 of 20 Page ID #:4017 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA CIVIL MINUTES - GENERAL Case No. CV 15-3462 RGK (AGRx) Date April 8, 2016 Title Michael Skidmore v. Led Zeppelin et al. Present: The R. GARY KLAUSNER, UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE Honorable Sharon L. Williams Not Reported N/A Deputy Clerk Court Reporter / Recorder Tape No. Attorneys Present for Plaintiffs: Attorneys Present for Defendants: Not Present Not Present Proceedings: (IN CHAMBERS) Order re: Defendants’ Motion for Summary Judgment (DE 97) I. INTRODUCTION On May 31, 2014, Michael Skidmore, as trustee for the Randy Craig Wolfe Trust (“Plaintiff”) filed suit against Led Zeppelin, James Patrick Page, Robert Anthony Plant, John Paul Jones, Super Hype Publishing, Inc., and Warner Music Group Corp., which is the parent company of Warner/Chappell Music, Inc., Atlantic Recording Corporation, and Rhino Entertainment Company (“Defendants”). On October 8, 2014, Plaintiff filed a First Amended Complaint (“FAC”). The FAC claims that Defendants’ song, Stairway to Heaven, infringes another song, Taurus, created by the rock band Spirit. The lawsuit alleges: (1) Copyright Infringement and (2) Violation of the Right of Attribution. Presently before the Court is Defendants’ Motion for Summary Judgment. For the following reasons, the Court DENIES IN PART and GRANTS IN PART Defendants’ motion. II. FACTUAL BACKGROUND This case involves the vehemently contested history of two songs: the iconic Stairway to Heaven by Led Zeppelin and the lesser-known Taurus by the rock band Spirit. Because the surviving band members of each group figure prominently in the ensuing narrative, the Court briefly sets out the cast of relevant figures. -
Ruling in Laches Case May Cause a Bustle in the Hedgerow
CHICAGOLAWBULLETIN.COM MONDAY, JUNE 30, 2014 ® Volume 160, No. 128 Ruling in laches case may cause a bustle in the hedgerow have rocked to the awesome - He was no doubt thinking about brought within the three-year ness of “Stairway to Heaven” the equitable doctrine of laches, window.” for a long time. Whenever which holds that if a person is INSIDE IP LAW The court did acknowledge that I’m at a wedding, I try to get aware he has a claim but waits an in extraordinary circumstances the band to play this Led unduly long time to assert it, then the laches doctrine might come IZeppelin classic. Not since Czech the claim is foreclosed. into play in determining equitable composer Johann Stamitz (1717- Certainly the members of Spirit remedies, such as injunctive relief, 1757) has a songwriter mastered heard “Stairway” upon its release or in assessing the profits of the the art of the crescendo as Jimmy in late 1970. Randy California said WILLIAM T. infringer attributable to the Page did with “Stairway.” And no in an interview published in 1997 infringement. lyrics can surpass Robert Plant’s that “Stairway” was a “rip-off” of MCGRATH As to the critique that this mysterious tale of the lady who’s his song. But he never did would allow plaintiffs to wait and sure that all that glitters is gold. I anything about it. Randy’s see whether the infringing work have often wondered, what do statement and ensuing inactivity William T. McGrath is a member of makes money, the court said “there these lyrics really mean? Based on were, of course, foreshadowed in Davis, McGrath LLC, where he is nothing untoward about waiting some recent developments, I think the last line of verse three — as handles copyright, trademark and to see whether an infringer’s I figured it out — they are about one of “the voices of those who Internet-related litigation and exploitation undercuts the value of counseling. -
Stellium Handbook Part
2 Donna Cunningham’s Books on the Outer Planets If you’re dealing with a stellium that contains one or more outer planets, these ebooks will help you understand their role in your chart and explore ways to change difficult patterns they represent. Since The Stellium Handbook can’t cover them in the depth they deserve, you’ll gain a greater perspective through these ebooks that devote entire chapters to the meanings of Uranus, Neptune, or Pluto in a variety of contexts. The Outer Planets and Inner Life volumes are $15 each if purchased separately, or $35 for all three—a $10 savings. To order, go to PayPal.com and tell them which books you want, Donna’s email address ([email protected]), and the amount. The ebooks arrive on separate emails. If you want them sent to an email address other than the one you used, let her know. The Outer Planets and Inner Life, V.1: The Outer Planets as Career Indicators. If your stellium has outer planets in the career houses (2nd, 6th, or 10th), or if it relates to your chosen career, this book can give you helpful insights. There’s an otherworldly element when the outer planets are career markers, a sense of serving a greater purpose in human history. Each chapter of this e-book explores one of these planets in depth. See an excerpt here. The Outer Planets and Inner Life, v.2: Outer Planet Aspects to Venus and Mars. Learn about the love lives of people who have the outer planets woven in with the primary relationship planets, Venus and Mars, or in the relationship houses—the 7th, 8th, and 5th. -
US Film Industry Says
SUNDAY, JUNE 19, 2016 l i f e s t y l e F e a t u r e s Soap Opera Recaps ‘Saq Al Bamboo’ and ‘Been Galbin’: Episodes 11 and 12 By Nawara Fattahova on the phone. Eisa wants to see her, so Khawla takes him to her Been Galbin (Between Two Hearts) n’t answer as she was sitting with Bashsar. She finds out about room but Hind pretends she is sleeping. Afterwards, Ghanima Yasmin leaves the house and her mother-in-law tries to con- Aryam’s son the next day and she goes to the hospital. he Kuwait Times is publishing daily recaps of two of the comes and see them but she tells Eisa she doesn’t want to see vince her to stay. After several attempts to change her mind, Mihsen is still upset with the fact that his wife is living alone Kuwaiti soap operas showing on Al Rai TV and MBC him in the house again. She also tells Khawla that his voice Yasmin still insists on getting a divorce and living alone. Mihsen and calls Bashar to help him find a solution for this problem. So TDrama. Here is the review of the 11th and 12th episode: reminded her of his father Rashid. then tells Bashar that his sister Yasmin left the house and Dana Bashar goes with him and Noora to Yasmin’s new house to con- Hind then tells Eisa to come to her room to talk to him as she gives Bashar the address of Yasmine’s flat. -
Way-Out World
Non-fiction: Way-Out World Way-Out World By Hugh Westrup What strange satellite circles the visible edge of the solar system? The detonation of a single nuclear bomb can do catastrophic damage. So imagine the power of more than one bomb—not just two or 10 or even 10 million, but 10 billion. Astronomers have evidence that a collision with enough force to equal the explosion of 10 billion nuclear bombs once happened in the solar system. Out of that crack-up was born one of the oddest things in space. Its name is Haumea. “There is so much to learn about this newfound object, and we keep finding surprises,” says Mike Brown, an astronomer at the California Institute of Technology. “It’s just crazy.” ODD Balls The solar system is always changing. What astronomers know about it is changing even faster. Advances in telescope technology keep deepening their view of space, continually revealing new objects and new features on old objects. One example of that change in perspective is Pluto. For more than 70 years, astronomers considered it the ninth planet. Then, in 2007, the International Astronomical Union reclassified it as a dwarf planet. Like a planet, a dwarf planet orbits the sun. It also has enough mass, and therefore enough gravity, to give it a rounded shape. But it lacks pull; its gravity isn’t strong enough to clear its neighborhood of most smaller objects the way that planets do. A year later Pluto was reclassified again. Now it’s a plutoid. A plutoid is simply a dwarf planet that exists beyond Neptune, the eighth planet. -
Ice Ontnos: Focus on 136108 Haumea
Ice onTNOs: Focus on 136108 Haumea C. Dumas Collaborators: A. Alvarez, A. Barucci, C. deBergh, B. Carry, A. Guilbert, D. Hestroffer, P. Lacerda, F. deMeo, F. Merlin, C. Snodgrass, P. Vernazza, … Haumea Pluto (dwarf planets) DistribuTon of TNOs Largest TNOs Icy bodies in the OPSII context • Reservoir of volales in the solar system (H2O, N2, CH4, CO, CO2, C2H6, NH3OH, etc) • Small bodies populaon more hydrated than originally pictured – Main-belt comets (Hsieh and JewiZ 2006) – Themis asteroids family (Campins et al. 2010, Rivkin and Emery 2010) • Transport of water to the inner terrestrial planets (e.g. talk by Paul Hartogh) Paranal Observatory 6 SINFONI at UT4 7 SINFONI + NACO at UT4 8 SINFONI = MACAO + SPIFFI (SINFONI=Spectrograph for INtegral Field Observations in the Near Infrared) • AO SYSTEM: MACAO (Multi-Application Curvature Adaptive Optics): – Similar to UTs AO system for VLTI – 60 elements curvature sensing bimorph mirror – NGS or LGS – Developed by ESO • NEAR-IR SPECTRO: SPIFFI (SPectrometer for Infrared Faint Field Imaging): – 3-D spectrograph, 32 image slices, 1-2.5µm – Developed by MPE:Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics + NOVA: Netherlands Research School for Astronomy SINFONI - Main characteristics • Location UT4 Cassegrain • Wavelength range 1-2.5µm • Detector 2048 x 2048 HAWAII array • Gratings J,H,K,H+K • Spectral resolution 1500 (H+K-filter) to 4000 (K-band) (outside OH lines) • Limiting magnitude (0.1”/spaxel) K~18.2, H+K~19.2 in hr, SNR~10 • FoV sampling 32 slices • Spatial resolution 0.25”/slice (no-AO), 0.1”(AO), 0.025” (AO) • Resulting FoV 8”x8”, 3”x3”, 0.8”x0.8” • Modes noAO, NGS-AO, LGS-AO SINFONI - IFS Principles SINFONI - IFS Principles (Cont’d) SINFONI - products Reconstructed image PSF spectrum H+K TNOs spectroscopy Orcus (Carry et al. -
Pluto and Its Cohorts, Which Is Not Ger Passing by and Falling in Love So Much When Compared to the with Her
INTERNATIONAL SPACE SCIENCE INSTITUTE SPATIUM Published by the Association Pro ISSI No. 33, March 2014 141348_Spatium_33_(001_016).indd 1 19.03.14 13:47 Editorial A sunny spring day. A green On 20 March 2013, Dr. Hermann meadow on the gentle slopes of Boehnhardt reported on the pre- Impressum Mount Etna and a handsome sent state of our knowledge of woman gathering flowers. A stran- Pluto and its cohorts, which is not ger passing by and falling in love so much when compared to the with her. planets in our cosmic neighbour- hood, yet impressively much in SPATIUM Next time, when she is picking view of their modest size and their Published by the flowers again, the foreigner returns gargantuan distance. In fact, ob- Association Pro ISSI on four black horses. Now, he, serving dwarf planet Pluto poses Pluto, the Roman god of the un- similar challenges to watching an derworld, carries off Proserpina to astronaut’s face on the Moon. marry her and live together in the shadowland. The heartbroken We thank Dr. Boehnhardt for his Association Pro ISSI mother Ceres insists on her return; kind permission to publishing Hallerstrasse 6, CH-3012 Bern she compromises with Pluto allow- herewith a summary of his fasci- Phone +41 (0)31 631 48 96 ing Proserpina to living under the nating talk for our Pro ISSI see light of the Sun during six months association. www.issibern.ch/pro-issi.html of a year, called summer from now for the whole Spatium series on, when the flowers bloom on the Hansjörg Schlaepfer slopes of Mount Etna, while hav- Brissago, March 2014 President ing to stay in the twilight of the Prof.