Ministry of Energy
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Public Disclosure Authorized GOVERNMENT OF SIERRA LEONE Ministry of Energy ENHANCING SIERRA LEONE ENERGY ACCESS (P171059) Public Disclosure Authorized Environmental and Social Management Framework Public Disclosure Authorized November 2020 Public Disclosure Authorized Table of Contents ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ...................................................................................................... VI EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................ IX SECTION ONE ................................................................................................................................................. 14 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................ 14 1.1 BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................................... 14 1.2 SECTORAL CONTEXT ......................................................................................................................... 16 1.2.1 Energy Policy Objectives .............................................................................................................. 17 1.2.2 Evolution of the energy sector in Sierra Leone ............................................................................. 17 1.2.3 Sierra Leone’s Medium-Term National Development Plan 2019-2023 ....................................... 18 1.3 ENHANCING SIERRA LEONE ENERGY ACCESS (PROJECT DESCRIPTION)ESLEA ............................ 19 1.3.1 Component 1: Electrification of Towns and Communities through Grid Extension ................... 20 1.3.2 Component 2: Electrification through Mini-Grid and Standalone Solar Systems (IDA and PHRD) 20 1.3.3 Component 3: Human Capital Development and Project Implementation Support .................... 22 1.4 OBJECTIVES AND RATIONALE FOR THE ESMF ................................................................................. 24 1.4.1 The objectives of the ESMF ........................................................................................................... 25 1.4.2 The Rationale for the ESMF ......................................................................................................... 25 SECTION TWO................................................................................................................................................. 27 POLICY, LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ..................................................................... 27 2.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................. 27 2.1 NATIONAL POLICIES AND REGULATIONS ........................................................................................ 27 2.1.1 The Forestry Act, 1988 ................................................................................................................. 27 2.1.2 The Forestry Regulations, 1989 .................................................................................................... 28 2.1.3 The National Forestry Policy, 2010 .............................................................................................. 29 2.1.4 Wildlife Conservation Amendment Act, 1990 ............................................................................. 29 2.1.5 The National Environment Policy, 1994 ...................................................................................... 30 2.1.6 The Sierra Leone Environment Protection Act, 2008/2010 ......................................................... 30 2.1.7 National Electricity Act of 2011 ................................................................................................... 33 2.1.8 The Sierra Leone Electricity and Water Regulatory Act 2011 ..................................................... 34 2.1.9 The Factories Act, 1974 ................................................................................................................ 34 2.1.10 The Local Government Act, 2004 ............................................................................................ 35 2.1.11 Nuclear Safety and Radiation Protection Act, 2012 ................................................................ 35 2.1.12 The National Lands Policy, Sierra Leone, 2015 ....................................................................... 36 2.1.13 The Sierra Leone Electricity and Water Regulatory Commission (SLEWRC) Act, 2011 ....... 36 2.2 INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL INSTRUMENTS/OBLIGATIONS FOR SIERRA LEONE.................. 37 2.2.1 The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) ........................................ 37 2.2.2 World Bank (WB) Guidelines: Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines, General EHS Guidelines, 2007 ......................................................................................................................................... 38 2.2.3 World Bank Environmental, Health, And Safety Guidelines for Electric Power Transmission and Distribution ................................................................................................................................................ 38 2.2.4 World Bank Environmental and Social Standards (ESSs) ........................................................... 39 i 2.2.5 Comparison of Sierra Leonean Regulations and World Bank’s ESS 2 ......................................... 45 2.3 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ........................................................................................................... 50 2.3.1 The Ministry of Energy (MoE)..................................................................................................... 50 2.3.2 The Ministry of the Environment................................................................................................. 50 2.3.3 Electricity Generation and Transmission Company (EGTC) ...................................................... 51 2.3.4 The Electricity Distribution and Supply Authority (EDSA) ....................................................... 51 2.3.5 The Electricity and Water Regulatory Commission ..................................................................... 51 2.3.6 Nuclear Safety and Radiation Protection Authority .................................................................... 52 2.3.7 Environment Protection Agency - Sierra Leone (EPA-SL) .......................................................... 52 2.3.8 The Sierra Leone Roads Authority (SLRA) .................................................................................. 52 SECTION THREE ............................................................................................................................................. 53 BASELINE CONDITIONS ............................................................................................................................. 53 3.1 PROJECT BIOPHYSICAL SETTING ....................................................................................................... 53 3.1.1 Description of the project area ...................................................................................................... 53 3.1.2 Climate .......................................................................................................................................... 61 3.1.3 Land Cover Classification in the Project Area .............................................................................. 62 3.1.4 Physiography ................................................................................................................................ 64 3.1.5 Hydrography................................................................................................................................. 64 3.1.6 Soil Characteristics ....................................................................................................................... 65 3.1.7 Protected and Sensitive Areas ...................................................................................................... 65 3.1.8 Flora and Fauna ............................................................................................................................ 66 3.3 SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS ................................................................................................................. 67 3.3.1 Population Characteristics ............................................................................................................ 67 3.3.2 Livelihood and Economy ............................................................................................................... 67 3.3.3 Education and Literacy ................................................................................................................. 69 3.3.4 Health - Infectious diseases ........................................................................................................... 70 3.3.5 Land Ownership Structure ........................................................................................................... 71 3.3.6 The Current Status of Battery and Solar Panel Collection, Transport, Storage and Disposal in Sierra Leone ................................................................................................................................................ 72 SECTION FOUR ..............................................................................................................................................