South Coast CLSD Regional Profile

South Coast Regional Profile Overview

• Court and Crime Data Slide 3

• Fines and Work Development Orders Slide 18

• Poker Machines Slide 21

• Young People Slide 24

• Health and Family Information Slide 29

• Indicators for legal need and expressed legal need Slide 43

Need for legal assistance services (NLAS) indicators Slide 67 • 2 Crime and Court Data

3 Top driving offences in Shoalhaven City LGA Population 103, 012 rate/100,000 July 2018 – July 2019 Source: NSW Bureau of Criminal Statistics and Research www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au

Offence Type 2 Year Trend Year to June Year to June Ratio to LGA 2019 Count 2019 Rate NSW Ranking

1 Exceed The Legal Speed Limit Stable 3905 3791 1.3 55 2 Regulatory Driving Offences, Other Up 18% 2796 2714 0.8 58 3 Registration Offences Stable 2075 2014 1.5 28 4 Driver Licence Offences, Other Stable 980 951 1 46 5 Exceed The Prescribed Content Of Alcohol Stable 319 310 1.4 56 6 Drive Without A Licence Stable 280 272 1 61 7 Drive While Licence Disqualified Or Suspended Stable 260 252 1 67 8 Dangerous Or Negligent Operation (Driving) Of A Vehicle Stable 144 140 1.1 59 9 Exceed The Prescribed Content Of Illicit Drugs Stable 112 109 1.1 61 10 Unknown Driving Offence Stable 68 66 1.1 60 11 Parking Offences n/c 12 12 0.4 78 12 Driving Under The Influence Of Alcohol Or Other Substance n/c 13 13 1.1 44 13 Driving Causing Death n/c 2 2 0.9 36 14 Roadworthiness Offences n/c 1 1 0.7 39 15 Pedestrian Offences n/c 4 4 0 52 Top driving offences in Eurobodalla LGA Population 38,083 rate/100,000 July 2018 – June 2019 Source: NSW Bureau of Criminal Statistics and Research www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au

Offence Type 2 Year Trend Year to Year to June Ratio to LGA June 2019 2019 Rate NSW Ranking Count

1 Exceed The Legal Speed Limit Stable 955 2508 0.9 77 2 Regulatory Driving Offences, Other Stable 906 2379 0.7 71 3 Registration Offences Up 44% 717 1883 1.4 33 4 Driver Licence Offences, Other Stable 304 798 1 63 5 Exceed The Prescribed Content Of Alcohol Stable 185 486 2.1 18 6 Drive Without A Licence Stable 156 410 1.7 28 7 Drive While Licence Disqualified Or Suspended Up 17% 112 294 1.2 51 8 Exceed The Prescribed Content Of Illicit Drugs Stable 123 323 3.2 19 9 Dangerous Or Negligent Operation (Driving) Of A Vehicle Stable 78 205 1.6 30 10 Unknown Driving Offence Stable 32 84 1.4 42 11 Driving Under The Influence Of Alcohol Or Other Substance n/c 3 7.9 0.7 71 12 Parking Offences n/c 6 16 0.6 67 13 Pedestrian Offences n/c 0 0 0 59 14 Driving Causing Death n/c 0 0 0 45 15 Roadworthiness Offences n/c 0 0 0 48 5 Top driving offences in Bega Valley LGA Population 34,102 July 2018 – June 2019 Source: NSW Bureau of Criminal Statistics and Research www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au

Offence Type 2 Year Trend Year to Year to Ratio to LGA June 2019 June 2019 NSW Ranking Count Rate

1 Exceed The Legal Speed Limit Stable 646 1894 0.7 87 2 Regulatory Driving Offences, Other Stable 575 1686 0.5 101 3 Registration Offences Stable 420 1232 0.9 73 4 Driver Licence Offences, Other Stable 141 414 0.5 107 5 Exceed The Prescribed Content Of Alcohol Stable 111 326 1.4 49 6 Drive While Licence Disqualified Or Suspended Stable 55 161 0.7 90 7 Drive Without A Licence Stable 67 197 0.8 84 8 Parking Offences Stable 40 117 4.2 10 9 Exceed The Prescribed Content Of Illicit Drugs Stable 43 126 1.3 50 10 Dangerous Or Negligent Operation (Driving) Of A Vehicle Stable 36 106 0.8 85 11 Unknown Driving Offence n/c 16 47 0.8 83 12 Driving Under The Influence Of Alcohol Or Other Substance n/c 6 18 1.6 34 13 Pedestrian Offences n/c 0 0 0 59 14 Driving Causing Death n/c 0 0 0 45 15 Roadworthiness Offences n/c 0 0 0 48

6 Top driving offences in Kiama LGA Population 22,450 rate/100,000 July 2018 – June 2019 Source: NSW Bureau of Criminal Statistics and Research www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au

Offence Type 2 Year Trend Year to Year to Ratio to LGA June 2019 June 2019 NSW Ranking Count Rate

1 Exceed The Legal Speed Limit Down 46% 1066 4748 1.7 40 2 Regulatory Driving Offences, Other Down 29% 233 1038 0.3 117 3 Registration Offences Stable 99 887 0.7 101 4 Driver Licence Offences, Other Down 29% 103 459 0.6 104 5 Drive Without A Licence Stable 31 138 0.6 101 6 Exceed The Prescribed Content Of Alcohol Stable 35 156 0.7 99 7 Drive While Licence Disqualified Or Suspended Stable 20 89 0.4 104 8 Unknown Driving Offence n/c 7 31 0.5 99 9 Dangerous Or Negligent Operation (Driving) Of A Vehicle n/c 19 85 0.7 99 10 Exceed The Prescribed Content Of Illicit Drugs n/c 13 58 0.6 91 11 Driving Under The Influence Of Alcohol Or Other Substance n/c 3 13 1.2 43 12 Parking Offences n/c 1 5 0.2 101 13 Driving Causing Death n/c 0 0 0 45 14 Roadworthiness Offences n/c 0 0 0 48 15 Pedestrian Offences n/c 0 0 0 59 Top driving offences in Wingecarribee LGA Population 46,649 rate/100,000 July 2018 – June 2019 Source: NSW Bureau of Criminal Statistics and Research www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au

Offence Type 2 Year Year to Year to Ratio to LGA Trend June 2019 June 2019 NSW Ranking Count Rate

1 Exceed The Legal Speed Limit Stable 4556 9176 3.2 19 2 Regulatory Driving Offences, Other Stable 923 1859 0.6 95 3 Registration Offences Up 59% 636 1281 0.9 71 4 Driver Licence Offences, Other Stable 290 584 0.8 91 5 Parking Offences n/c 2 4 0.1 102 6 Exceed The Prescribed Content Of Alcohol Stable 157 316 1.4 53 7 Drive Without A Licence Stable 83 167 0.7 92 8 Unknown Driving Offence n/c 18 36 0.6 93 9 Exceed The Prescribed Content Of Illicit Drugs Up 126% 61 123 1.2 53 10 Drive While Licence Disqualified Or Suspended Stable 88 177 0.7 89 11 Dangerous Or Negligent Operation (Driving) Of A Vehicle Stable 48 97 0.8 90 12 Driving Under The Influence Of Alcohol Or Other Substance n/c 1 2 0.2 101 13 Driving Causing Death n/c 0 0 0 45 14 Roadworthiness Offences n/c 0 0 0 48 15 Pedestrian Offences n/c 2 4 0 51 Shoalhaven LGA finalised charges relating to driving- driver never licensed

July 2018 – June 2019

Offence Law Part Number of Total % Indigenous Code Indigenous offenders offenders offenders Driver never licensed (section 53(5)) - first offence 78995 1 6 16 Never licensed person drive vehicle on road - first offence 79007 13 29 79 Never licensed person drive vehicle on road - prior offence 79008 12 14 85

July 2017 – June 2018

Offence Law Part Number of Total % Indigenous Code Indigenous offenders offenders offenders Driver never licensed (section 53(5)) - first offence 78995 2 7 29 Never licensed person drive vehicle on road - first offence 79007 11 28 39 Never licensed person drive vehicle on road - prior offence 79008 11 18 61

*Using statistics from the ABS Census 2016, Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander (ATSI) people made up 5.5% of the Shoalhaven LGA population (99,650 people)

Source: BOCSAR 9 Eurobodalla LGA finalised charges relating to driving- driver never licensed

July 2018– June 2019

Offence Law Part Number of Total % Indigenous Code Indigenous offenders offenders offenders Driver never licensed (section 53(5)) - first offence 78995 2 7 28 Never licensed person drive vehicle on road - first offence 79007 6 10 60 Never licensed person drive vehicle on road - prior offence 79008 6 11 54

July 2017 – June 2018

Offence Law Part Number of Total % Indigenous Code Indigenous offenders offenders offenders Driver never licensed (section 53(5)) - first offence 78995 0 4 0 Never licensed person drive vehicle on road - first offence 79007 9 19 47 Never licensed person drive vehicle on road - prior offence 79008 6 9 66

*Using statistics from the ABS Census 2016, Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander (ATSI) people made up 5.6% of the Eurobodalla LGA population (37,232 people)

Source: BOCSAR 10 Bega Valley LGA finalised charges relating to driving- driver never licensed

July 2018 – June 2019

Offence Law Part Number of Total % Indigenous Code Indigenous offenders offenders offenders Driver never licensed (section 53(5)) - first offence 78995 0 1 0 Never licensed person drive vehicle on road - first offence 79007 2 8 25 Never licensed person drive vehicle on road - prior offence 79008 3 4 75

July 2017 – June 2018

Offence Law Part Number of Total % Indigenous Code Indigenous offenders offenders offenders Driver never licensed (section 53(5)) - first offence 78995 1 2 50 Never licensed person drive vehicle on road - first offence 79007 4 5 80 Never licensed person drive vehicle on road - prior offence 79008 1 3 33

*Using statistics from the ABS Census 2016, Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander (ATSI) people made up 3.1% of the Bega Valley LGA population (33,253 people)

Source: BOCSAR 11 Kiama LGA finalised charges relating to driving- driver never licensed

July 2018 – June 2019

Offence Law Part Number of Total % Indigenous Code Indigenous offenders offenders offenders Driver never licensed (section 53(5)) - first offence 78995 0 0 0 Never licensed person drive vehicle on road - first offence 79007 0 1 0 Never licensed person drive vehicle on road - prior offence 79008 0 0 0

July 2017 – June 2018

Offence Law Part Number of Total % Indigenous Code Indigenous offenders offenders offenders Driver never licensed (section 53(5)) - first offence 78995 0 0 0 Never licensed person drive vehicle on road - first offence 79007 0 3 0 Never licensed person drive vehicle on road - prior offence 79008 0 1 0

*Using statistics from the ABS Census 2016, Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander (ATSI) people made up 2.2% of the Snowy Monaro Regional LGA population (20,218 people) Source: BOCSAR 12 Wingecarribee LGA finalised charges relating to driving- driver never licensed

July 2018 – June 2019

Offence Law Part Number of Total % Indigenous Code Indigenous offenders offenders offenders Driver never licensed (section 53(5)) - first offence 78995 0 4 0 Never licensed person drive vehicle on road - first offence 79007 1 6 16 Never licensed person drive vehicle on road - prior offence 79008 3 11 27

July 2017 – June 2018

Offence Law Part Number of Total % Indigenous Code Indigenous offenders offenders offenders Driver never licensed (section 53(5)) - first offence 78995 1 1 100 Never licensed person drive vehicle on road - first offence 79007 2 6 33 Never licensed person drive vehicle on road - prior offence 79008 0 1 0

*Using statistics from the ABS Census 2016, Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander (ATSI) people made up 2.2% of the Snowy Monaro Regional LGA population (20,218 people) Source: BOCSAR 13 DV-related harassment & threatening behaviour 2018-2019 by LGA, number & rate/100,000

Incidents Offenders Victims LGA Year to Year to 2 year trend Year to Year to 2 year trend Year to June Year to 2 year trend June count June rate June count June rate count June rate

Shoalhaven 279 271 Stable 176 192 Up 66% per 326 317 Up 38% per year year Eurobodalla 123 323 Stable 120 347 Stable 130 341 Stable Bega Valley 43 126 Stable 38 124 Stable 50 147 Stable Kiama 16 71 n/c 17 85 n/c 18 80 n/c Wingecarribee 58 116 Stable 45 102 Stable 71 143 Stable

NSW Incident count 15,195, rate 193 – Up 10% per year NSW Offender count 15,632, rate 278 – Up 7.8% per year NSW Victim count 16,733, rate 213 – Up 9.3% per year

Source: BOCSAR 14 Recorded domestic violence-related assault 2018-2019 by LGA, rate/100,000 & number

Incidents Offenders Victims LGA Year to June Year to 2 year Year to June Year to June 2 year Year to Year to 2 year count June rate trend count rate trend June count June rate trend

Shoalhaven 436 423 Stable 295 322 Stable 521 506 Stable Eurobodalla 169 444 Stable 104 300 Stable 184 483 Stable Bega Valley 100 293 Stable 74 242 Stable 104 305 Stable

Kiama 32 143 Stable 25 125 Stable 33 147 Sable Wingecarribee 99 199 Stable 66 150 Stable 107 216 Stable

NSW Incident count 30,434, rate 387 - Stable NSW Offender count 20,800, rate 303 - Stable NSW Victim count 32,588, rate 415 - Stable

Source: BOCSAR 15 Breach AVOs (DV related) 2018-2019 by LGA, number & rate/100,00

Incidents Offenders Victims LGA Year to June Year to 2 year trend Year to June Year to June 2 year Year to Year to 2 year count June rate count rate trend June count June rate trend

Shoalhaven 251 244 Stable 213 233 Stable 260 252 Up 27% per year

Eurobodalla 93 244 Stable 70 202 Stable 79 207 Stable Bega Valley 70 205 Stable 48 157 Stable 68 199 Stable Kiama 15 67 n/c 12 60 n/c 17 76 n/c Wingecarribee 53 107 Up 96% per 52 118 n/c 56 113 Up 93% year per year

NSW Incident count 15,777, rate 201 – Up 11% per year NSW Offender count 12,922, rate 188 – Up 13% per year NSW Victim count 15,223, rate 194 – Up 12 % per year Source: BOCSAR 16 Number of persons who had final AVO order granted against them in the Children’s and Local Courts by type of order

Jul 2017 - Jun 2018 Jul 2018 - Jun 2019

Domestic Personal Total Domestic Personal Total Nowra ------Cooma 2 0 2 1 0 1 Young people under Batemans Bay 13 5 18 4 3 7 18 years Bombala 0 0 0 0 0 1 Kiama ------Moruya 2 4 6 0 0 0 Narooma 1 5 6 2 1 3 Bega 4 0 4 4 4 8 Eden 0 1 1 3 0 3 Queanbeyan 11 0 11 8 5 13 Nowra 347 45 392 450 46 196 Adults Cooma 78 14 92 78 7 85 Batemans Bay 144 30 174 131 19 150 Bombala 3 2 5 8 2 10 Kiama 12 0 12 11 1 12 Moruya 35 11 46 34 14 48 Narooma 26 8 34 45 10 55 Bega 95 21 116 116 23 139 Eden 20 5 25 22 5 27 Queanbeyan 200 42 242 225 38 263 Source: NSW BOCSAR Fines and Work and Development Orders

18 Who is at risk of having a fines problem?

• Young people (particularly 18–34 year olds) • Indigenous people • Single parents

Source: http://www.lawfoundation.net.au/ljf/site/articleIDs/D5D375991CE8E1B68525823A000641F4/$file/JI _27_Fines_disadvantaged_people.pdfm .

19 Fines & WDOs: suburbs ranked by largest average debt

Clients Enforcement Total balance Clients on Unique WDO Current Average fine Rank Suburb with fines orders owed time to pay Sponsors active WDOs debt

1 Yerrinbool 45 819 $158,948 24 3 2 $3,532 2 Bodalla 55 662 $163,753 34 3 2 $2,977 3 Nowra 1,324 19,333 $3,863,620 845 49 50 $2,918 4 Batemans Bay 237 3,027 $645,101 155 16 13 $2,722 5 Narooma 153 1,505 $395,075 100 8 7 $2,582 6 Moruya 242 2,189 $608,457 152 10 16 $2,514 7 Bega 271 2,797 $679,307 171 11 - $2,506 8 Queanbeyan 742 7,040 $1,722,940 392 18 9 $2,322 9 Eden 219 2,440 $507,879 130 9 10 $2,319 10 Moss Vale 305 3,939 $690,122 170 15 5 $2,262 11 Cooma 310 3,182 $682,059 167 4 5 $2,200 12 Mittagong 198 2,577 $401,250 120 7 7 $2,026 13 Merimbula 118 1,166 $225,677 61 6 3 $1,912 14 Ulladulla 254 2,765 $449,509 163 13 11 $1,769 15 Kiama 233 2,941 $358,613 133 17 8 $1,539 Source: Revenue NSW September 2019 20 Poker Machines

21 Gambling and crime

• While no comprehensive statistics, many studies show a link between problem gambling and crime • Compulsion, convergence or crime? Criminal justice system contact as a form of gambling harm (Centre for Innovative Justice 2017) has made the case for the link between financial hardship, gambling and crime. https://www.rmit.edu.au/content/dam/rmit/documents/college-of- business/graduate-school-of-business-and-law/Gambling-Harm-Report.pdf

22 Poker machine net profit 2017 - 2018

Local Government Area (LGA) Net Profit* Gaming Machine # LGA population number as at as at 30 June 2018 June 2018

Bega valley Shire Council $24,234,595 677 34,102

Eurobodalla Shire Council $35,517,765 826 38,083

Kiama Municipal Council $8,416,631 272 22,450

Shoalhaven City Council $73,701,491 1,623 103,012

Wingecarribee Shire Council $20,520,1434 450 46,649

*Net profit has replaced turnover as the main indicator of how much communities have lost on gaming machines because it accounts for both how much people spend and the payment of jackpots in each LGA. Source: NSW Department of Industry Annual Report 2017- 2018 Young People

24 Method of Proceeding against young people July 2018 - June 2019

LGA Proceeded Youth Justice Caution (young Warning (Young Cannabis Infringement against Conference Offenders Act) Offenders Act) Caution Notice going to court Bega Valley 19 5 46 13 - 41 Kiama 5 - 5 14 - 43 Eurobodalla 50 4 70 11 - 56 Shoalhaven 206 23 138 106 - 234 Wingecarribee 57 23 10 51 - 193

Source: BOCSAR

25 School suspensions & expulsions

The NSW Ombudsman found that Aboriginal students are significantly overrepresented in suspensions from school. In 2015, while Aboriginal students comprised 7% of FTE enrolments in NSW public schools, they comprised 24% of short suspensions, and 27% of long suspensions.

Source: NSW Ombudsman Inquiry into Behaviour Management in Schools (Report, August 2017) https://www.ombo.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/47241/NSW-Ombudsman-Inquiry-into-behaviour-management-in- schools.pdf

The Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research (BOCSAR) found that: • not being in school, • having being suspended or expelled from school, and • having had several prior contacts with the criminal justice system all independently increased the likelihood of a young person receiving another conviction.

Source: http://www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au/Documents/CJB/cjb109.pdf

The 2015 NSW Young People in Custody Health Survey found that 96% of young people in custody in 2015 had been suspended from school at least once and 78% reported being suspended three or more times.

Source: 2015 Young People (YP) in Custody Health Survey www.justicehealth.nsw.gov.au 26 School suspensions & expulsions 2018– Illawarra Shoalhaven

SHORT SUSPENSIONS * LONG SUSPENSIONS ** total # total # % students NSW total # total # % students NSW incidents students suspended % incidents students suspended % * suspension up to 4 days in FACS area in FACS area ** suspension up to 20 days 3,999 2,359 5.3% 4% 964 698 1.6% 1.5%

In order to protect individual students’ EXPULSIONS identities values 5 and for for Total Total under are represented as misbehaviour unsatisfactory expulsions Expulsions <5 and n/a is used in the participation Illawarra NSW ‘total’ column. Shoalhaven

16 <5 n/a 297 Illawarra Shoalhaven FACS region has 5.3% of the NSW population and Source: Department of Education & Training contains the following LGAs: Kiama, https://data.cese.nsw.gov.au/data/dataset/c0a90a6f-2509-45c5-ba77- cf5b00350043/resource/ea9e87ba-25d2-4239-a724-3982a9aa9b33/download/2018-suspensions-and- Shellharbour, Shoalhaven, expulsions-aa.pdf Wollongong. 27 School suspensions & expulsions 2018 – Southern NSW

SHORT SUSPENSIONS * LONG SUSPENSIONS ** * suspension up to 4 total # total # % students NSW total # total # % students NSW days incidents students suspended % incidents students suspended % in FACS area in FACS area ** suspension up to 20 days

1,799 1,084 5.2% 4% 707 515 2.5% 1.5%

In order to protect EXPULSIONS individual students’ for for Total Total identities values 5 and Misbehaviour unsatisfactory expulsions Expulsions under are represented as participation Illawarra NSW <5 and n/a is used in the Shoalhaven ‘total’ column. <5 <5 n/a 297 Southern NSW FACS region has 2.7% of the NSW population and contains the following Department of Education & Training LGAs: Bega Valley, Bombala, Cooma-Monaro, https://data.cese.nsw.gov.au/data/dataset/c0a90a6f-2509-45c5-ba77- Eurobodalla, Goulburn Mulwaree, Palerang, cf5b00350043/resource/ea9e87ba-25d2-4239-a724- Queanbeyan, Snowy River, Upper Lachlan 3982a9aa9b33/download/2016-suspensions-and-expulsions-aa.pdf Shire, Yass Valley. Health and Family Information

Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District covers: Kiama, Shellharbour, Shoalhaven and Wollongong LGAs.

Southern NSW Local Health District covers: Bega Valley, Bombala, Cooma-Monaro, Eurobodalla, Goulburn Mulwaree, Palerang Queanbeyan, Snowy River, Upper Lachlan and Yass Valley LGAs.

Source: http://www.healthstats.nsw.gov.au/ 29 Estimated number of homeless people by LGA in 2011 and 2016

LGA Number 2011 Number 2016 ABS defines homelessness as: When a person does not have suitable Bega Valley 104 114 accommodation alternative they are considered homeless if their current living arrangement: Eurobodalla 78 121 - is in a dwelling that is inadequate - has no tenure, or if their initial tenure is short Shoalhaven City 224 279 and not extendable; or - does not allow them to have control of, and Goulburn 101 93 access to, space for social relations. Mulwaree Queanbeyan - 127 121 Palerang Snowy Monaro 89

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics Census of Population and Housing: Estimating Homelessness, 2016: http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/[email protected]/PrimaryMainFeatures/2049.0?OpenDocument. 30 Department of Communities & Justice (DCJ) Illawarra Shoalhaven District

Source: https://public.tableau.com/profile/facs.statistics#!/vizhome/DistrictProfile-IllawarraShoalhaven/Dashboard1

31 DCJ Southern NSW District

https://public.tableau.com/profile/facs.statistics#!/vizhome/DistrictProfile-SouthernNSW/Dashboard1 Risk of significant harm (ROSH) Reports – Illawarra Shoalhaven and Southern Districts

Source: DCJ Dashboard https://public.tableau.com/profile/facs.statistics#!/vizhome/Objective2-Improvingthelivesofchildrenandyoungpeople/Dashboard4 Out of home care (OOHC) Placements Illawarra Shoalhaven and Southern Districts

Source: https://public.tableau.com/profile/facs.statistics#!/vizhome/Objective2-Improvingthelivesofchildrenandyoungpeople/Dashboard4 34 Interpersonal violence-related hospitalisations – Illawarra Shoalhaven

All ages 15-24 year-olds

Source: http://www.healthstats.nsw.gov.au 35 Interpersonal violence-related hospitalisations - Southern

All ages 15-24 year-olds

Source: http://www.healthstats.nsw.gov.au 36 Meth-related hospitalisations/presentations

Illawarra Shoalhaven Southern

Source: http://www.healthstats.nsw.gov.au Meth-related hospitalisations/presentations NSW

Source: http://www.healthstats.nsw.gov.au 38 Mental Health: intentional self-harm

Illawarra Shoalhaven Southern

Source: http://www.healthstats.nsw.gov.au 39 Mental Health: suicide rate

Illawarra Shoalhaven Southern

Source: http://www.healthstats.nsw.gov.au Mental health: high – very high psychological distress

By LHD in 2017 By socio-economic status

Source: http://www.healthstats.nsw.gov.au 41 Alcohol attributable hospitalisations by LHD 2017-2018

Source: http://www.healthstats.nsw.gov.au 42 South Coast CSP catchment (LGA based)

Indicators for Legal Need & Expressed Legal Need

Prepared by the Law and Justice Foundation of NSW using the Legal Assistance Services Data Digest

Enquiries to: [email protected]

© Law and Justice Foundation of New South Wales, October 2019. This publication is copyright. It may be reproduced in part or in whole for educational purposes as long as proper credit is given to the Foundation. Prepared by Delphine Bellerose. This data pack provides a profile of the South Coast Collaborative Service Planning (CSP) catchment area using data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) and the Legal Assistance Services Data Digest (LASDD) compiled by the Law and Justice Foundation. It also uses the Foundation’s Collaborative Planning Resource (CPR) to present data on Need for Legal Assistance Service (NLAS) indicators and priority groups. The purpose of this pack is to provide data on both indicators for legal need and expressed legal need (enquiries to services) to better inform collaborative service planning in the area.  About the CPR  Definitions for the Foundation’s CPR NLAS indicators and CPR priority groups

CSP catchment areas are based on suburb boundaries. However, for readability reasons, LASDD data is presented by Local Government Area (LGA) in tables and graphs. Maps present data by postcode for a more precise visual representation and may therefore cover a slightly larger area than the CSP catchment area.  About the geographies, including LGAs and postal areas, used by the Australian Bureau of Statistics

October 2019 44 South Coast CSP catchment area and LGA boundaries

Suburb boundaries

LGA boundaries

LGA name

CSP catchment area

45 Source: ABS 2016 ASGS October 2019 South Coast CSP catchment area and postcode boundaries

Suburb boundaries

Postcode boundaries

postcode

CSP catchment area

46 Source: ABS 2016 ASGS October 2019 Where do people live in the South Coast CSP catchment? Population number by postcode

Major roads Number increases with darker shading.

47 Source: ABS 2016 Census October 2019 Where do Aboriginal people live in the South Coast CSP catchment?

Population number by postcode

Major roads Number increases with darker shading.

48 Source: ABS 2016 Census October 2019 Where do legal enquiries come from in the South Coast CSP catchment?

Number (Rate per 1,000) by postcode

Major roads Number increases with darker shading.

Source: LJF LASDD LawAccess NSW, Legal 49 October 2019 Aid NSW (Advice) and NSW CLCs (2016) Need for Legal Assistance Services (NLAS) indicators in the South Coast CSP catchment population numbers and percentages by LGA

Indicator / Population Bega Valley Eurobodalla Shoalhaven Jervis Bay Region NSW N N N N N N NLAS(Capability) 2,160 2,610 7,330 20 12,120 414,200 NLAS(ATSILS) 710 1,410 3,560 150 5,830 68,770 NLAS(CALD) 430 630 1,830 0 2,890 734,490 NLAS($52K) 3,650 4,230 11,730 40 19,650 718,720 NLAS(65+) 790 990 2,750 10 4,540 159,530 Population (all) 33,250 37,230 99,650 400 170,530 7,480,230 Population (15 and over) 28,000 31,910 83,330 310 143,550 6,093,900 Population (15-64) 19,390 20,540 56,980 290 97,200 4,876,260 Population (65 and over) 8,600 11,380 26,350 30 46,360 1,217,640

Indicator Bega Valley Eurobodalla Shoalhaven Jervis Bay Region NSW % % % % % % NLAS(Capability) 11.2 12.7 12.9 6.1 8.4 8.5 NLAS(ATSILS) 2.4 4.2 4.0 42.2 3.8 1.1 NLAS(CALD) 1.5 2.0 2.2 0.0 3.0 12.1 NLAS($52K) 18.8 20.6 20.6 12.3 13.7 14.7 NLAS(65+) 9.2 8.7 10.4 24.0 9.8 13.1

Note: These are minimum counts based on persons declaring these characteristics to the Census. Numbers are rounded to the nearest 10. Region is the combined area of the three LGAs and the Jervis Bay territory. Red cells indicate the LGA has a higher proportion of the priority group than the state average. Green cells indicate it is lower. Percentages for NLAS(Capability) and NLAS($52K) are based on the 15-64 population. Percentages for NLAS(CALD) are based on the 15+ population. Source: ABS 2016 Census Percentages for NLAS(ATSILS) are based on the 10+ population. Percentages for NLAS (65+) are based on the 65+ population. 50 October 2019 NLAS indicators in the South Coast CSP catchment – percentages

45.0

40.0

35.0

30.0

25.0

Percentage 20.0

15.0

10.0

5.0

0.0 Bega Valley Eurobodalla Shoalhaven Jervis Bay Region NSW

NLAS(Capability) NLAS(ATSILS) NLAS(CALD) NLAS($52K) NLAS(65+)

Note: These are minimum counts based on persons declaring these characteristics to the Census. Region is the combined area of the three LGAs and the Jervis Bay territory. Percentages for NLAS(Capability) and NLAS($52K) are based on the 15-64 population. Percentages for NLAS(CALD) are based on the 15+ population. Percentages for NLAS(ATSILS) are based on the 10+ population. Percentages for NLAS (65+) are based on the 65+ population. Source: ABS 2016 Census 51 October 2019 South Coast CSP – Need for legal assistance services

NLAS(Capability) Population number by postcode

Major roads Number increases with darker shading.

NLAS(Capability): a count of people aged 15 to 64 who are likely to need legal assistance should they experience a problem due to their low level of personal income and educational attainment. • personal income < $500/week or < $25,990/year • highest year of school completion is Year 12 for those aged 15-39, Year 11 for those aged 40-49, Year 10 for those aged 50-64 • not currently a full time or part time student • do not have a non-school qualification.

Note: These are minimum counts based on persons declaring these characteristics to the Census.

52 October 2019 Source: ABS 2016 Census South Coast CSP – Need for legal assistance services

NLAS(52K) Population number by postcode

Major roads Number increases with darker shading.

NLAS(52K): a count of people aged 15 to 64 who are likely to need legal assistance should they experience a problem due to their low level of personal income and educational attainment. • personal income < $1,000/week or < $52,000/year • highest year of school completion is Year 12 for those aged 15-39, Year 11 for those aged 40-49, Year 10 for those aged 50-64 • not currently a full time or part time student • do not have a non-school qualification.

Note: These are minimum counts based on persons declaring these characteristics to the Census.

53 October 2019 Source: ABS 2016 Census South Coast CSP – NLAS(Capability) and number of enquiries NLAS(Capability) population by postcode

Number (Rate per 1,000 of the general population) of enquiries by postcode

Source: ABS 2016 Census & LJF LASDD LawAccess NSW, Legal Aid NSW (Advice) and NSW CLCs (2016) 54 October 2019 Priority group profile of the South Coast CSP catchment – population numbers

Bega Jervis Eurobodalla Shoalhaven Region NSW Population / Priority Group Valley Bay N N N N N N Population (all) 33,250 37,230 99,650 400 170,530 7,480,230 Population (15 and over) 28,000 31,910 83,330 310 143,550 6,093,900 Population (15-64) 19,390 20,540 56,980 290 97,200 4,876,260 People with a personal income <$26K (15 and over) 11,850 13,880 36,490 100 62,320 2,286,830 People with a personal income <$52K (15 and over) 19,480 22,660 57,580 140 99,860 3,674,860 People with an equivalised household income <$26K (all ages) 8,110 9,720 25,140 70 43,040 1,343,030 People with a lower education (15-64) 4,470 4,960 14,040 50 23,520 952,620 Unemployed people (15 and over) 750 990 2,590 10 4,330 225,550 Single parents (15 and over) 1,290 1,640 4,530 40 7,500 310,910 Children and youth (0-24) 8,240 8,390 26,250 150 43,030 2,324,430 Disengaged youth (15-24) 130 170 500 0 790 31,700 Older people (65 and over) 8,600 11,380 26,350 30 46,360 1,217,640 People with a disability (14 and under) 120 160 610 0 890 34,220 People with a disability (15-64) 810 1,050 2,790 10 4,660 147,100 ATSI peoples (14 and under) 390 750 1,950 60 3,140 74,270 ATSI peoples (15 and over) 650 1,330 3,550 150 5,680 141,900 ATSI peoples with personal income <$52K (15 and over) 530 1,070 2,670 90 4,360 103,670 CALD people (15 and over) 830 1,210 3,390 10 5,440 1,584,610 People with poor English proficiency (15 and over) 60 120 370 0 550 274,030 People who do not access internet from dwelling (15 and over) 3,700 4,690 11,330 60 19,770 603,050 People experiencing homelessness (all ages) 110 120 280 10 820 37,710 People living in rural or remote areas (all ages) 33,250 10,370 260 0 55,970 468,990

Bega Eurobodalla Shoalhaven Jervis Bay Region NSW Priority Group Valley % % % % % % People with a personal income <$26K (15 and over) 35.6 37.3 36.6 24.3 36.5 30.6 People with a personal income <$52K (15 and over) 58.6 60.9 57.8 35.4 58.6 49.1 People with an equivalised household income <$26K (all ages) 24.4 26.1 25.2 17.0 25.2 18.0 People with a lower education (15-64) 13.4 13.3 14.1 13.4 13.8 12.7 Unemployed people (15 and over) 2.2 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.5 3.0 Single parents (15 and over) 3.9 4.4 4.5 9.9 4.4 4.2 Children and youth (0-24) 24.8 22.5 26.3 38.2 25.2 31.1 Disengaged youth (15-24) 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.5 0.4 Older people (65 and over) 25.9 30.6 26.4 6.3 27.2 16.3 People with a disability (14 and under) 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.5 People with a disability (15-64) 2.4 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.0 ATSI peoples (14 and under) 1.2 2.0 2.0 14.7 1.8 1.0 ATSI peoples (15 and over) 2.0 3.6 3.6 36.7 3.3 1.9 ATSI peoples with personal income <$52K (15 and over) 1.6 2.9 2.7 22.5 2.6 1.4 CALD people (15 and over) 2.5 3.2 3.4 2.0 3.2 21.2 People with poor English proficiency (15 and over) 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.3 3.7 People who do not access internet from dwelling (15 and over) 11.1 12.6 11.4 14.4 11.6 8.1 People experiencing homelessness (all ages) 0.3 0.3 0.3 3.3 0.3 0.5 People living in rural or remote areas (all ages) 100.0 27.9 0.3 0.0 20.3 6.3

Note: These are minimum counts based on persons declaring these characteristics to the Census. Red cells indicate the LGA has a higher proportion of the priority group than the state average. Green cells indicate it is lower. Region is the combined area of the three LGAs and the Jervis Bay territory. Source: ABS 2016 Census Percentages are based on total population. 56 October 2019 South Coast CSP – Index of relative socio-economic disadvantage (SEIFA) by postcode

SEIFA indicator by postcode Highly Advantaged Mildly Advantaged Mildly Disadvantaged Highly Disadvantaged

Areas are assigned a score based on how relatively disadvantaged that area is compared with others. A low score indicates relatively greater disadvantage in general, whereas a high score indicates a relative lack of disadvantage in general. Areas are then ordered from lowest to highest score and divided into four groups, or ‘quartiles’.

Highly Disadvantaged: 25% of areas with the lowest scores (1st quartile) Mildly Disadvantaged: 2nd quartile, Mildly Advantaged: 3rd quartile Highly Advantaged: 25% of areas with the highest scores (4th quartile)

Source: ABS 2016 Census 57 October 2019 Legal matters enquired about in the South Coast compared to NSW by Broad Area of Law

Source: LJF LASDD - LawAccess NSW, Legal Aid NSW (Advice) and NSW Community Legal Centres 2016

Percentage of matters – South Coast CSP Percentage of matters – NSW catchment (LGA based)

Family Family 23% 25%

Civil 56% Civil Crime 61% Crime 14% 21%

58 October 2019 Top 15 legal matters enquired about in South Coast compared to NSW

Source: LJF LASDD - LawAccess NSW, Legal Aid NSW (Advice) and NSW Community Legal Centres 2016

South Coast CSP catchment (LGA based) NSW

Legal matters N % Legal matters N % Live with/Spend time with 1,087 13.3 Live with/Spend time with 33,373 10.9 Tenancy 678 8.3 Tenancy 13,204 4.3 Property 357 4.4 Visas/Residency 12,595 4.1 Other Driving/Traffic offences 11,829 3.8 Civil - other 355 4.3 Property 11,537 3.8 Money Owed by Client 304 3.7 Money Owed by Client 10,394 3.4 Wills/Probate/Administration 248 3 ADVO 9,285 3 Pensions/Allowances 245 3 Fines 8,652 2.8 Fines 222 2.7 Money Owed to Client 8,540 2.8 Criminal Injuries Compensation 220 2.7 Pensions/Allowances 8,030 2.6 Eviction 213 2.6 Domestic violence related assault/harassment 7,832 2.5 Neighbours 202 2.5 Family - other 7,820 2.5 Other Driving/Traffic offences 199 2.4 Neighbours 7,674 2.5 Money Owed to Client 180 2.2 Employment - other 7,228 2.4 Domestic violence related assault/harassment 147 1.8 Civil - other 7,159 2.3 Wages/Entitlements 144 1.8 Total NSW 307,319 100 Total Region 8,203 100

Note: Enquiries made about prison related matters or by prisoners are not included.

59 October 2019 Top 10 legal matters enquired about by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in the South Coast - compared to NSW

Source: LJF LASDD - LawAccess NSW, Legal Aid NSW (Advice) and NSW Community Legal Centres 2016

South Coast CSP catchment (LGA based) NSW

Legal matters N % Legal matters N % Live with/Spend time with 116 12.8 Live with/Spend time with 2,783 12.9 Civil - other 74 8.1 Tenancy 994 4.6 Service Provider - Financial Products 39 4.3 Civil - other 901 4.2 Tenancy 37 4.1 Other Driving/Traffic offences 801 3.7 Criminal Injuries Compensation 33 3.6 Criminal Injuries Compensation 798 3.7 Fines 32 3.5 Fines 796 3.7 Money Owed by Client 28 3.1 ADVO 742 3.4 Wills/Probate/Administration 28 3.1 Money Owed by Client 665 3.1 Care and Protection Orders 26 2.9 Family - other 629 2.9 Domestic violence related assault/harassment 21 2.3 Domestic violence related assault/harassment 622 2.9 Employment - other 21 2.3 Total NSW 21,611 100 Pensions/Allowances 21 2.3 Total Region 909 100

Note: Enquiries made about prison related matters or by prisoners are not included.

60 October 2019 South Coast – Civil law problem enquiries, rate per 1,000 people Source: LJF LASDD - LawAccess NSW, Legal Aid NSW (Advice) and NSW Community Legal Centres 2016

Shoalhaven Bega Valley Eurobodalla Region NSW Type of legal problem & Jervis Bay Rate per 1,000 Business/Investment 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 Note: Due to small numbers, Jervis Bay territory is amalgamated with the LGA of Shoalhaven for the Consumer 1.9 2.4 2.8 2.5 2.5 analysis of legal enquiries by problem type for Debt and Credit 5.6 5.1 6.3 5.9 4.9 confidentiality and privacy reasons. Employment 1.1 1.9 2.7 2.2 2.6 Housing 5.8 7.0 5.6 5.9 2.6 Neighbours/Planning/Environment 1.1 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.3 Human Rights & Discrimination 0.2 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.3 Government/Administrative law 1.8 2.8 2.6 2.5 1.6 Immigration/Refugee Status 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 2.2 Mental Health 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 Accidents/Injury/Victims' Compensation 1.2 1.9 2.9 2.4 1.7 Wills/Estates/Guardianship 1.8 2.4 2.7 2.4 1.6 7.0

6.0 Region 5.0 NSW 4.0

3.0

2.0

1.0 Rate Rate perof 1,000 enquiries 0.0

61 October 2019 Type of legal problem South Coast – Civil law problem enquiries, rate per 1,000 people

Source: LJF LASDD - LawAccess NSW, Legal Aid NSW (Advice) and NSW Community Legal Centres 2016

8.0

7.0 Bega Valley Eurobodalla Shoalhaven & Jervis Bay 6.0 NSW

5.0

4.0

Rate Rate perof 1,000 enquiries 3.0

2.0

1.0

0.0

Type of legal problem

62 October 2019 South Coast – Family law problem enquiries, rate per 1,000 people

Source: LJF LASDD - LawAccess NSW, Legal Aid NSW (Advice) and NSW Community Legal Centres 2016

Shoalhaven Bega Valley Eurobodalla Region NSW Type of legal problem & Jervis Bay Rate per 1,000 Care and Protection 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.0 0.6 Child Support 0.3 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.5 Parenting Arrangements 7.1 5.5 7.1 6.7 4.9 Property/Maintenance 2.3 1.6 2.2 2.1 1.6 Relationships 0.6 0.6 1.1 0.9 1.0

8.0

7.0 Region NSW 6.0

5.0

4.0

3.0

2.0

Rate Rate perof 1,000 enquiries 1.0

0.0

Type of legal problem 63 October 2019 South Coast – Family law problem enquiries, rate per 1,000 people

Source: LJF LASDD - LawAccess NSW, Legal Aid NSW (Advice) and NSW Community Legal Centres 2016

8.0

Bega Valley

7.0 Eurobodalla

Shoalhaven & Jervis Bay 6.0 NSW

5.0

4.0

3.0 Rate Rate perof 1,000 enquiries

2.0

1.0

0.0 Care and Protection Child Support Parenting Arrangements Property/Maintenance Relationships

Type of legal problem

64 October 2019 South Coast – Criminal law problem enquiries, rate per 1,000 people Source: LJF LASDD - LawAccess NSW, Legal Aid NSW (Advice) and NSW Community Legal Centres 2016 Bega Shoalhaven Eurobodalla Region NSW Type of legal problem Valley & Jervis Bay Rate per 1,000 Domestic Violence/ADVOs 1.5 1.7 1.8 1.7 2.3 Offences Against Persons 0.8 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.3 Robbery 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 Drug offences 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5 Firearms/Weapons/Explosives 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.2 Fraud/Dishonesty 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 Theft/Break and Enter 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.5 Property/Environment Damage 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 Public Order offences 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 Driving/Traffic offences 1.1 1.9 1.9 1.7 2.1 Justice offences 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 Civil Matters Arising from Crime 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.2 2.5 Region NSW 2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

Rate Rate perof 1,000 enquiries 0.0

65 October 2019 Type of legal problem South Coast – Criminal law problem enquiries, rate per 1,000 people

Source: LJF LASDD - LawAccess NSW, Legal Aid NSW (Advice) and NSW Community Legal Centres 2016

2.5

Bega Valley

2.0 Eurobodalla

Shoalhaven & Jervis Bay

NSW 1.5

1.0

Rate Rate perof 1,000 enquiries 0.5

0.0

Type of legal problem

66 October 2019 South Coast SA1s maps Need for legal assistance services (NLAS) indicators

The following maps show population numbers and percentages by SA1 for the following indicators:  NLAS(Capability)  NLAS(52K)  NLAS(ATSILS)  NLAS(CALD)

• NLAS indicators are made up of data and information from the Australian Bureau of Statistics Census data. • Numbers are based on 2016 Census, Population and Housing (Place of Usual Residence) unless specified otherwise. • The counts on these maps should be treated as minimum counts of persons only. • Numbers in brackets show the proportion of the NLAS population as a percentage of the general population for that SA1. • Where the count is less than 10, the percentage was not calculated and the SA1 is in the lightest shade with no label. Maps where numbers are <10 for all SA1s in that area are not included.

67 NLAS(Capability)

2016 Census

People aged 15 to 64: • with a personal income of less than $500 per week or $25,999 per year, • whose highest year of school completion is Year 12 for those aged 15-39, Year 11 for those aged 40-49, Year 10 for those aged 50-64, • who are not currently a full time or part time student, • and who do not have non-school qualifications.

68 NLAS(Capability) – Batemans Bay Numbers (percentages) – 2016 Census

Local Court <10 (-) Major roads Number increases with darker shading.

ABS Census 2016: People aged 15 to 64 with a personal income of less than $500 per week or $25,999 per year, whose highest year of school completion is Year 12 (ages 15-39), Year 11 (ages 40-49), Year 10 (ages 50-64), who are not currently a full time or part time student and who do not have a non-school qualifications. The 69 counts on these maps should be treated as minimum counts of persons only. NLAS(Capability) – Bega Numbers (percentages) – 2016 Census

Local Court <10 (-) Major roads Number increases with darker shading.

ABS Census 2016: People aged 15 to 64 with a personal income of less than $500 per week or $25,999 per year, whose highest year of school completion is Year 12 (ages 15-39), Year 11 (ages 40-49), Year 10 (ages 50-64), who are not currently a full time or part time student and who do not have a non-school qualifications. The 70 counts on these maps should be treated as minimum counts of persons only. NLAS(Capability) – Eden Numbers (percentages) – 2016 Census

Local Court <10 (-) Major roads Number increases with darker shading.

ABS Census 2016: People aged 15 to 64 with a personal income of less than $500 per week or $25,999 per year, whose highest year of school completion is Year 12 (ages 15-39), Year 11 (ages 40-49), Year 10 (ages 50-64), who are not currently a full time or part time student and who do not have a non-school qualifications. The 71 counts on these maps should be treated as minimum counts of persons only. NLAS(Capability) – Mollymook - Ulladulla Numbers (percentages) – 2016 Census

Local Court <10 (-) Major roads Number increases with darker shading.

ABS Census 2016: People aged 15 to 64 with a personal income of less than $500 per week or $25,999 per year, whose highest year of school completion is Year 12 (ages 15-39), Year 11 (ages 40-49), Year 10 (ages 50-64), who are not currently a full time or part time student and who do not have a non-school qualifications. The 72 counts on these maps should be treated as minimum counts of persons only. NLAS(Capability) – Moruya Numbers (percentages) – 2016 Census

Local Court <10 (-) Major roads Number increases with darker shading.

ABS Census 2016: People aged 15 to 64 with a personal income of less than $500 per week or $25,999 per year, whose highest year of school completion is Year 12 (ages 15-39), Year 11 (ages 40-49), Year 10 (ages 50-64), who are not currently a full time or part time student and who do not have a non-school qualifications. The 73 counts on these maps should be treated as minimum counts of persons only. NLAS(Capability) – Nowra Numbers (percentages) – 2016 Census

Local Court <10 (-) Major roads Number increases with darker shading.

ABS Census 2016: People aged 15 to 64 with a personal income of less than $500 per week or $25,999 per year, whose highest year of school completion is Year 12 (ages 15-39), Year 11 (ages 40-49), Year 10 (ages 50-64), who are not currently a full time or part time student and who do not have a non-school qualifications. The 74 counts on these maps should be treated as minimum counts of persons only. NLAS(Capability) – Sanctuary point Numbers (percentages) – 2016 Census

Local Court <10 (-) Major roads Number increases with darker shading.

ABS Census 2016: People aged 15 to 64 with a personal income of less than $500 per week or $25,999 per year, whose highest year of school completion is Year 12 (ages 15-39), Year 11 (ages 40-49), Year 10 (ages 50-64), who are not currently a full time or part time student and who do not have a non-school qualifications. The 75 counts on these maps should be treated as minimum counts of persons only. NLAS(Capability) – Tuross Head – Bodalla – Narooma Numbers (percentages) – 2016 Census

Local Court <10 (-) Major roads Number increases with darker shading.

ABS Census 2016: People aged 15 to 64 with a personal income of less than $500 per week or $25,999 per year, whose highest year of school completion is Year 12 (ages 15-39), Year 11 (ages 40-49), Year 10 (ages 50-64), who are not currently a full time or part time student and who do not have a non-school qualifications. The 76 counts on these maps should be treated as minimum counts of persons only. NLAS(52K)

2016 Census

People aged 15 to 64: • with a personal income of less than $1,000 per week or $52,000 per year, • whose highest year of school completion is Year 12 for those aged 15-39, Year 11 for those aged 40-49, Year 10 for those aged 50-64, • who are not currently a full time or part time student, • and who do not have non-school qualifications.

77 NLAS(52K) – Batemans Bay Numbers (percentages) – 2016 Census

<10 (-) Major roads