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Odonatos De Francia.Pdf MUSEUM NATIONAL D'HISTOIRE NA1URELLE ~mWrnmTI'ill~mrn~ ®rn ~illoomrn Œ'il ®rn ~~®mrn FASCICULE 36 ANNEE 1987 JEAN - LOUIS DOMMANGET I.N .R.A. IETUDIE fAUNllSTllQUIE IET IaHIalHOGIUIPHHQUIE DIES ODONATIES DIE fRANCIE SECRETARIAT DE LA FAUNE ET DE LA FLORE PARIS IETUDIE lFAUNllSTllQUIE IET JallJalllOGRAIPIHIllQUIE DIES ODONATIES DIE lFRANCIE MUSEUM NATIONAL D'HISTOIRE NATURELLE ~œwmœTI'&~~rn~ mm ~illrnJœm mTI' mm ~~®~rn FASCICULE 36 ANNEE 1987 JEAN - LOUIS DOMMANGET I.N.R.A. IETUDIE lFAUNHSTliQUIE IET lB)lilB)lLJ o GlRAlPIHIllQUIE DIES ODONATIES DIE lF~ANceIE Réimpression 1995 Les travaux et publications du SECRETARIAT DE LA FAUNE ET DE LA FLORE sont réalisés pour le compte du MINISTERE DE L'ENVIRONNEMENT DIRE,CTION DE LA PROTECTION DE LA NATURE SECRETARIAT DE LA FAUNE ET DE LA FLORE PARIS Edité par le SECRETARIAT DE LA FAUNE ET DE LA FLORE MUSEUM NATIONAL D'HISTOIRE NATURELLE Service scientifique national associé par convention permanente au MINISTERE de L'ENVIRONNEMENT dans la collection: « INVENTAIRES DE FAUNE ET DE FLORE» Directeur de la Publication: François de BEAUFORT Secrétaire de Rédaction: Hervé MAURIN Comité Permanent du Secrétariat de la Faune et de la Flore J. ALLARDI, G. BERNARDI Président, H. BRISSE, J.-P. GASC, J.-M. GEHU, G. JARRY J.-Cl. LEFEUVRE, J.-P. LUMARET, L. OLIVIER, J.-Cl. QUERO, P. QUEZEL, M. RICARD Diffusé par la SOCIETE POUR L'INVENTAIRE DE LA FAUNE ET DE LA FLORE cio Secrétariat de la Faune et de la Flore Copyright © 1987, 1995 by Secrétariat de la Faune et de la Flore Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle 57, rue Cuvier -75231 PARIS CEDEX 05 ISSN 0246 - 3881 ISSN 2 - 86515 - 031 - 3 Dépôt légal 1987 Dépôt légal 1cr trimestre 1995 (réimpression) Edité en février 1987 Réimpression février 1995 Adresse de l'Auteur : 7, rue Lamartine F-78390 BOIS-d'ARCY 5 SOM MAI RE ET TABLE DES ILLUSTRATIONS, - Résumé .•......................•.......•.......•..•...... p. 6 - Summary .•...................•...............••.....•.... p. 7 - Zusammenfassung .........•...•........................... p. 8 Avant-propos et remerciements p. 9 Première partie: ETUDE FAUNISTIQUE DES ODONATES DE FRANCE. Chap i tre 1: CATALOGUE COMMENTE ....•........••.....•..•....... p. 15 Introduction .•...........•...............•.•..... p. 17 Liste des espèces . p. 20 Catalogue . p. 23 Phénologie .•.•....••....•.........•.............. p. 78 Chapitre 2: DISTRIBUTION DES ESPECES •........................ p. 83 Introduction ........•.....................•...... p. 85 Cartes de distribution ..•.....•.................. p. 87 Analyse des données faunistiques . p. 103 Chapitre 3: LISTE ROUGE DES ESPECES MENACEES ........•.......• p. 111 Introduction et Liste Rouge •.......•............. p. 113 Commentaires . p. 117 Chapitre 4: MILIEUX DE DEVELOPPEMENT •.........•.....•........ p. 121 Perception par l' Homme . p. 123 Evolution des zones humides . p. 127 Biotopes odonatologiques ......•.................. p. 134 Protection: actions possibles . p. 149 Seconde partie: ETUDE BIBLIOGRAPHIQUE DES ODONATES DE FRANCE. Introduction .................•................... p. 155 Index Alphabétique .........•..................... p. 159 Addenda ••..........•....................... p. 220 Index Thèmatique .....•.............•......•...... p. 223 Commentaires . p. 239 ANNEXES: 1: Inventaire des Odonates de France (Programme INVOD) ..••... p. 245 2: Inventaires Z.N.I.E.F.F. .........................•........ p. 255 3: Bulletin de liaison "MARTINIA" . p. 261 4: Société Internationale d'Odonatologie (S.I.O.) . p. 263 5: Code déontologique de l' Odonatologue .......•.............. p. 265 Bibliographie des articles non cités en seconde partie . p. 269 Index des noms latins o •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••••• p. 282 Table des illustrations. Dessins de R. Rousso (I.N.R.A., Versailles) réalisés dtaprès des diapositives de l'auteur. Emergence d'Anax imperator 1. (Le Tarn, Aveyron) .......•••........•.... p. 2 Emergence d'Anax imperator 2. (Le Tarn, Aveyron) .•................•.... p. 14 Orthetrum albistylum (Brenne, Indre) •....................•............. p. 16 Accouplement de Coenagrion puelIa (Versailles, Yvelines) ......•........ p. 84 Macromia splendens (inspiré de ISHIDA, 1969;') ................•.......... p. 112 "La Libellule et l'Homme" (Calopteryx) p. 122 Cordulegaster boltonii (Gargilesse, Indre) ..•...•.......•.............. p. 156 Pyrrhosoma nymphula (Versailles, Yvelines) .......•.............•....... p. 160 Calopteryx xanthostoma (Le Tarn, Aveyron) .•...•............•.•.....•... p. 224 Orthetrum brunneum (Brenne, Indre) ..........•.....•..•...•............. p. 240 Ischnura pumilio (Brenne, Indre) ........•.......•....•.•............... p. 254 6 RESur~E ETUDE FAUNISTIQUE ET BIBLIOGRAPHIQUE DES ODONATES DE FRANCE par J.-L. Dommanget. -- Ce travail, qui est exclusivement limité à la faune de France, constitue une synthèse élargie et une mise à jour des données systématiques, faunistiques et bibliographiques relatives à ce groupe d'insectes. Au total, près d'un mi 11 i er de références sont menti onnées, dont plus de 800 consacrées à l'étude des Odonates en France. Dans la PREMIERE PARTIE, un premier chapitre concerne le catalogue commenté, qui fait le point sur les 97 taxa connus actuellement de France. Pour chaque espèce sept rubriques au maximum sont utilisées: Synonyme(s): il s'agit des changements intervenus depuis le travail de P. AGUESSE; Bibliographie: ce sont principalement les articles étho-écologiques; Observations: mention des sous-espèces et des formes, considérations générales et observations diverses; Statut: une cote de l à 10 a été attribuée à chaque espèce en fonction de son abondance et des caractéristiques de son habitat. Les autres rubriques concer­ nent les Périodes de vol, les caractéristiques des Milieux de développement larvaire et la Distribution des espèces. A la suite de ce catalogue sont énumé­ rées les espèces étrangères qui seraient susceptibles ct' être rencontrées en France et une analyse succinte des périodes de vol termine ce chapitre. Le second chapitre regroupe les cartes de distribution réalisées à partir des informations bibliographiques; pour chaque département, les données sont présentées avec diverses précisions: "avant 1900", "entre 1900 et 1960", "après 1960", "informations imprécises". A la suite des 90 cartes, quelques commentaires sont apportés sur l'importance des informations disponibles et les différents types de répartition des espèces. Le troisième chapitre est consacré à la Liste Rouge des Odonates menacés; cette première liste mentionne 40 espèces, soit environ 45% de la faune de France, mais il faut noter qu'à l'instar des autres pays industria­ lisés, c'est la quasi-totalité des espèces qui est plus ou moins en régression suivant les régions. Le quatrième chapitre traite de la diminution des habitats larvaires, aspect essentiel de la protection des Libellules et cause principale de leur raréfaction. En France, les zones humides ont considérablement diminuées; en effet, près de 2,5 millions d'hectares ont disparu, soit environ 64%. Les surfaces existantes, qui régressent chaque année d'environ 10 000 ha, ne cons­ tituent aujourd 'hui que des lambeaux très fragmentaires des zones humides originelles. De plus, l'importance des micromilieux (ruisselets, suintements, fossés, mares, etc.) est fréquemment sous-estimée, voire ignorée, de la part des protecteurs de la Nature J dans le cadre de la conservation des zones humides. Une classification des biotopes odonatologiques est ensuite proposée et quelques considérations sur la conservation ou l'aménagement de biotopes favorables aux Odonates terminent cette première partie. La SECONDE PARTIE est consacrée à l'inventaire des publications faites uniquement sur du matériel français, que ce soit sur le plan systémati­ que, faunistique, étho-écologique, physiologique, ou paléontologique. Plus de 800 références ont ainsi été réunies; celles-ci sont présentées par ordre alphabétique, puis par index géographique (départements) et thématique (mots­ clés). Une rapide analyse indique une nette progression depuis 1960 des travaux relatifs aux Odonates de France. Diverses ANNEXES apportent des informations sur les inventaires actuellement en cours (Inventaires Il INVOD" et "ZNIEFF"), sur la création d'un bulletin de liaison "MARTINIA" et sur le rôle et les possibilités offertes par la Société Internationale d' Odonatologie. Enfin, un code déontologique des Odonatologues est proposé, afin d'attirer l'attention sur la fragilité des zones humides et de limiter les prélèvements; une bibliographie des articles mentionnés dans le texte mais non cités en seconde partie (référence suivie d'un astérique) et un index des noms latins, terminent ce travail. 7 SUMr1ARY FAUNISTIC STUDY AND BIBLIOGRAPHIE REVIEW OF THE ODONATA OF FRANCE by J. -L. Dommanget. Thi s work represents a synthesi s of the i nformat ion available about the dragonfly fauna of France. The bibliographie section brings together more than 800 references concerned with the systematics and distribu­ tion of dragonflies in France. In total, more than 1000 references are ment i oned. The text falls into two parts. Part one, which makes up the first four chapters, comprises a catalogue of the species, distribution maps and a discussion of the species DOW endangered in France. Chapter one, the catalogue, incorporates a detailed systematic list of the 97 taxa known in France (inclu­ ding synonymy, sub-species, forms etc.) and a summary of the ecology and habit (including flight period, larval habitat and
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