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Forslag til Plan for nye verneområder på Svalbard Verneplan Sysselmannen på Svalbard Sysselmannens Postboks 633 N-9171 Longyearbyen rapportserie Tlf. 79 02 43 00 Fax 79 02 11 66 Nr. 1/2002 [email protected] Ellen M. Devold Omslagsfoto: Alkhornet, foto: Sissel Aarvik/Sysselmannentdalen, åpning 4. april 1959. Foto: SNSKs arkiv. Grafisk utforming: Peder Norbye Grafisk AS Trykk: Peder Norbye Grafisk AS Opplag: 500 ISBN-nr. 82-91850-23-2 Longyearbyen, juni 2002 Publikasjoner i Sysselmannens rapportserie 1998/Nr. 1 Glimt fra et åremål – utdrag fra sysselmann Ann-Kristin Olsens rapport til Justisdepartementet for perioden 1995–1998. ISBN-nr. 82-91850-10-0. 1998/Nr. 2 Avfall og avfallshåndtering på Svalbard – Status og forslag til tiltak. ISBN-nr. 82-91850-11-19. 1998/Nr. 3 Ferdsel knyttet til turisme på Svalbard. ISBN-nr. 82-91850-12-7. 1999/Nr. 1 Prosjekt "Steinalder på Svalbard?" – Revurdering av tidligere funn og resultater fra nye undersøkelser. ISBN-nr. 82-91850-13-5. 1999/Nr. 2 Helhetlig plan for miljøtiltak i gruveområdet i Ny-Ålesund (Kings Bay). – Perspektiv på historie, kulturminner, industrielle etterlatenskaper, forsøpling og forurensing. ISBN-nr. 82-91850-17-8. 1999/Nr. 3 Overvåknig av kulturmiljø på Svalbard – Målsetning, metode, lokaliteter og overvåkning. ISBN-nr. 82-91850-18-6. 2000/Nr. 1 Kulturminneplan for Svalbard 2000-2005 ISBN 82-1850-20-8. 2000/Nr. 2 Det teknisk industrielle kulturmiljøet i Longyearbyen og omegn. Verne og utviklingsplan. ISBN 82-91850-19-4. 2001/Nr. 1 1998-2002 Svalbard - inn i et nytt årtusen . Utdrag fra sysselmann Morten Ruuds rapport til Justisdepartementet for åremålsperioden 1998-2002. ISBN 82-91850-21-6. Rapportene kan bestilles fra: Sysselmannen på Svalbard Postboks 633 N-9171 Longyearbyen Tlf. 79 02 43 00 Fax. 79 02 11 66 [email protected] FORORD Ved sin behandling av St.meld. nr. 22 (1994-95) Om Miljøvern på Svalbard, pekte Stortinget på at dagens verneområder i liten grad omfatter de delene av Svalbards landområder som har biologisk produksjon. Stortinget ba Regjeringen legge fram forslag til nye verneområder der slike landområder sikres vern. På denne bakgrunn har Sysselmannen fått i oppdrag å utarbeide forslag til nye verneområder på Svalbard. I forbindelse med utarbeidelsen av verneplanen, er det gjennomført en konsekvensutredning. Gjennom denne er det belyst hvilke konsekvenser opprettelsen av nye verneområder vil få for samfunnet og for utnyttelsen av naturressursene på Svalbard. Samtidig med verneforslaget sendes også konsekvensutredningen på høring. Disse to rapportene må ses i sammenheng. Det er også utarbeidet en brosjyre, som er et sammendrag av verneplanen og konsekvens- utredningen. Ivar Haugen (engasjert) og naturvernrådgiver Sissel Aarvik har skrevet verneplanen. Longyearbyen, juni 2002 Odd Olsen Ingerø Åsmund Sæther sysselmann miljøvernsjef 3 INNHOLD 1 SAMMENDRAG ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 5 2 INNLEDNING ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 3 NATURFORHOLDENE PÅ SVALBARD .............................................................................................................................. 8 3.1 Geologi................................................................................................................................................................................................................8 3.2 Landskap............................................................................................................................................................................................................9 3.3 Klima og værforhold............................................................................................................................................................................10 3.4 Planteliv...........................................................................................................................................................................................................11 3.5 Dyreliv..............................................................................................................................................................................................................12 4 KULTURMINNER PÅ SVALBARD..............................................................................................................................................13 4.1 Vesteuropeisk hvalfangst (ca. 1600-1750) ........................................................................................................................14 4.2 Russisk overvintringsfangst (ca. 1700-1850) .................................................................................................................14 4.3 Norsk overvintringsfangst (ca. 1800 til i dag) ...............................................................................................................15 4.4 Vitenskapelige og eventyrlige ekspedisjoner (fra ca. 1800) ..............................................................................15 4.5 Industrielle kulturminner (fra ca. 1900) ..............................................................................................................................16 4.6 Krigsminner (1940-45) ......................................................................................................................................................................16 5 AREALBRUK OG NATURINNGREP PÅ SVALBARD...........................................................................................17 5.1 Fangstvirksomhet....................................................................................................................................................................................17 5.2 Industriell virksomhet .........................................................................................................................................................................17 5.3 Turistvirksomhet......................................................................................................................................................................................18 5.4 Forsknings- og undervisningsaktivitet..................................................................................................................................19 5.5 Fritidsbruk og fangst ............................................................................................................................................................................19 6 LOVGRUNNLAGET.....................................................................................................................................................................................20 7 STATUS FOR OMRÅDEVERNET ...............................................................................................................................................21 8 EVALUERING AV OMRÅDEVERNET PÅ SVALBARD.......................................................................................22 9UTVELGELSE AV NYE VERNEOMRÅDER....................................................................................................................23 9.1 Verneverdier ................................................................................................................................................................................................23 9.2 Valg av verneform ..................................................................................................................................................................................25 9.3 Konsekvensutredning ..........................................................................................................................................................................26 10 VERNEFORSLAG ...........................................................................................................................................................................................28 10.1 Nye verneområder ...........................................................................................................................................................................28 10.2 Endring av etablerte verneområder...................................................................................................................................29 10.3 Kulturminner og verneområder............................................................................................................................................30 10.4 Områdebeskrivelser........................................................................................................................................................................30 10.5 Forslag til fredningsforskrifter..............................................................................................................................................54 11 FRAMDRIFTSPLAN ....................................................................................................................................................................................80 12 LITTERATUR ......................................................................................................................................................................................................81
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