South Carolina Charleston I
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(NA'fiONAL HISTORIC LANDMARKS) Form 10-300 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STATE: (July 1969) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE South Carolina COUNTY: NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Charleston INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM FOR NPS USE ONLY (Type all entries — complete applicable sections) i ,.**• f» Ii C^ - QjistoricjCharleston (Extended) (That part of District officially added to area in .1966) STREET AND NUMBER: Approximately 2G8.1 acres in the lower peninsula of Charlestor CITY OR TOWN: b. U. Charleston CODE COUNTY: South Carolina harleston CATEGORY ACCESSIBLE uo OWNERSHIP (Check One) TO THE PUBLIC 55 District Q Building D Public Public Acquisition: fit Occupied Yes: Restricted D Site Q Structure |~~| Private || In Process I I Unoccupied D Object Both | ] Being Considered Unrestricted U PRESENT USE (Check One or More as Appropriate) Z> I I Agricultural IX Government 3 Park 0£ IX Commercial I ] Industrial §3 Private Residence »- [X Educational O Military [X Religious uo CS Entertainment fV] Museum Q5 Scientific OWNER'S NAME: Luhlic and Private LU STREET AND NUMBER: LU «/> Cl TY OR TOWN: STATE: Charleston South Carolina COURTHOUSE, REGISTRY OF DEEDS, ETC: Register oT Mesne Conveyance, Charleston County Court House STREET AND NUMBER: Corner of V.eetinn; and Broad Streets Cl TY OR TOWN: STATE Charleston South Carolina TITLE OF SURVEY: Survey by Carolina Art v&s J-lAi3^, (Charleston ^ 3>C, Low Country) 2.This is Charlestor o^iatiai DATE OF SURVEY: 1965 Q Federol Q State D County [X] Loc DEPOSITORY FOROR SURVEY RECORDS: ————————— l..\ fficp of irchaoology & 2. Gibbs Art Gallory STREET AND NUMBER:IUMBER: ^'F PS ^TVO t 1 OH 801 19th at. 135 Moeting St CITY OR TOWN: ..ash ing ton, U. C. 20006 Charleston^ S. C. see copy enclosed (Check One) llent Good Fair Deteriorated Ruin CD Unexposed CONDITION (Check One) (Check One) AlteredSOme S Unaltere Moved GS Original Site DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (if known) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE The district, except for the College of Charleston and th£ eastern four blocks of Broad Street, is primarily and privately owned, with buildings dating from 1712 present. The great concentration of 18th and 19th buildings (more than 650 ) give the district the flaVor^of earJ ier America. Built of brick, stucco or clapboar^ ms^fiy.^p these buildings are Charleston "single houses", one ifoom wictes; with gnble end to the street and tiered piazzas. Others' are plantation style houses. Other buildings are Georgian,^R^genc or Classic Revival. The streets present a kaleidoscope of two centuries of merica'a architectural history. In .uisonborough are complete blocks of Greek Revival masonry buildings all built in a ten year period after one of the city's great fires in 1838. On GO .Montague and Bull Streets is a complex of Regency villas, built in as suburban mansions on what was the . estern waterfront of the city in the early years of the 19th century. rn The condition of individual buildings, as well as areas within the district, vary considerably. .vhile the district is generally being upgraded through private investment and the efforts of Historic Charleston Foundation, there are still portions badly in need of renovation. Ten years ago these TO portions represented over 40?6 of the district. Today they represent 20 to 30%. 0 The majority of facades of the 18th and 19th century builc ings in the district, particularly those visible from the street, have suffered few major model alterations. Virtually all the interiors, however, have been modernized, with the addition of plumbing, wiring, heating, closets and kitchen equipment. This modernization has not necessarily harmed the interior appointments of the houses. The principal rooms of many buildings retain their original ornimentation. On the other hand, the interiors of the majority of outbuildings (stables, carriage houses, kitchen buildings) have been alterec more extensively to accommodate modern needs. Almost all of them have been turned into dwellings. \long Broad Street former residences have been made into offices, ^ilere the majority of facades were altered in the mid and late 1800s, a number after the earthquake of 1886. Broad Street is at present undergoing a major face-lifting. It dates from the 1670°' s when the fir.^t settlers laid it out as part of the Grand Model for the walled town. \ Broad -treet P.eautification Plan sponsored by Historic Charleston Foundation began in the spring of 1968, concerned with four blocks of the street from King to [Cast Bay streets, SIGNIFICANCE PERIOD (fCheek One or More as Appropriate) Q Pre-Columbian | I I 16th Century QB 18th Century 20th Century Q IStti Century D 17th Century (X 19th Century SPECIFIC DATECSk (It Applicable and Known) AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE (Check One or Afore as Appropriate) Abor iginal [^£ Education CSJ Political f I Urban Planning O Prehistoric ( 6 Engineering SI Religion/Phi CH Other (Specify) 123 Historic PI Industry losophy Colonial Ierlod f~l Agriculture r~! Invention I | Science Revolutionary PQ Architecture Fy) Landscape [ | Sculpture and Civil War ® Art Architecture I | Social/Human [ | Commerce |X) Literature itarian [ | Communications Q Military f~l Theater [ | Conservation CH Music I | Transportation STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Charleston, South Carolina played an important, role in Colonial, Revolutionary, ante-bellum and Civil ,ar America. The city was a major Colonial seaport, an active (af later occupied) participant in the Revolution, a seat of ri'de '£nd cotton culture and a leader of secession. Today mucli, of the nation's social and architectural history can be visibly appre ciated because of the great concentration of period buildings that still line the city's streets. In the district outlined in this nomination form there are more than 650 18th and 19th century buildings valuable to architectural historians. \ number of these have real signif icance to our national historic and/or architectural heritage. These lattor include forty six buildings listed in HISTORIC AMERICAN BUILDINGS SURVEY, SECONDS OF BUILDINGS IN UflARL^STON AND T!.!E SOUTH CAROLINA LOVv COUNTRY, Harley J. McKee, Compiler, NATIONAL KUHi SCKVICE, United States Department of the Interior Eastern Office, Design and Construction, Philadelphia, 1965. They are listed as follows: Bank of South Carolina, 50 Broad St. Bank of United States, NE. corner Broad and Meeting Sts. !3ennett, Thomas, Blouse, 89 Smith St. 'Hacklock , 7i 11 iam, Mouse , 18 <lull li t . Blacklock, Ailliam, Carriage House yBlacklock, William, Gazebo Uake, Daniel, Tenements, 2-4 Court House Square i'ocquet, Major Peter, Jr., House, 95 Broad St. Charleston County Court Mouse, NW. corner Broad and Meeting Sts. Cliisholm, .ilexander '-cobert, Aouse, 6 Montague St. College of Charleston, 66 George St. County Records Building, 100 Meeting St. at Chalmers St. Exchange Building and Custom Aouse, 122-26 East Bay St. Farmers 1 and Exchange Sank, 141 iSast Any St. Gate, 96 ishley ,ve. "Glebe House",' 6 Glebe St. Alebe Street l-'resbytorinn Church, 7 Glebe St. Glover, Dr. Joseph, House, 81 Kutledge Ave. Aarvey-Lining Aouse and Iharmacy, Broad St. at King St. iliiii!!^ This is Charleston - Carolina Art Association - 1944 Architects of Charleston - Beatrice ot. Julien kavenel - 194,c The Octagon Library of Early xmerican \rchitecture, Volume I Charleston, bouth Carolina - Kdited by oimons & Lanham - 1 927 The Dwelling Houses of Charleston, bout!/ Carolina - \'. n. q. Smith & D. ft. luger Jmith - 1917 U.iRa, Survey - 1965 South Carolina Historical Society Manuscripts Records of Alosne Conveyance of Charleston County LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE COORDINATES LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE COORDINATES DEFINING A RECTANGLE LOCATING THE PROPERTY D DEFINING THE CENTER POINT OF A PROPERTY ROF LESS THAN TEN ACRES — — •»•-• — - ——— ———————— CORNER LATITUDE LONGITUDE LATITUDE LONGITUDE Degrees Minutes Seconds Degrees Minutes Seconds Degrees Minutes Seconds Degrees Minutes Seconds NW 32 47 ' 17 79 ° 56' 47" 0 o NE 32 47 ' Itf 79 ° 55' 29" SE 32 46 ' 2o 79 ° 55' 29" sw r?i> 4fi • pr* TQ * .~fi« 47" APPROXIMATE ACREAGE OP NOMINATED PROPERTY: '"^fifi 1 LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES STATE: CODE COUNTY CODE rn rn STATE: CODE COUNTY: CODE STATE: CODE COUNTY: CODE ^ CO STATE: CODE COUNTY: CODE H 70 ilitliiilM^^ cz NAME AND TITLE: Mrs. S. Henry Edmunds n ORGANIZATION DATE Historic Charleston Foundation 1 /27/70 STREET AND NUMBER: 5 1 Air e t i ri£ Street CITY OR TOWN: STATE CODE Charleston $outh Carolina As the designated State Liaison Officer for the Na I hereby certify that this property is included in the tional Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89-665), I hereby nominate this property for inclusion National Register. in the National Register and certify that it has been evaluated according to the criteria and procedures set forth by the National Park Service. The recommended Chief, Office of Archeology and Historic Presepwfton- level of significance of this nomination is: National jVf State Q s\ Local Q \i ~^/l I <Q'7rt Date ML<^, -JU / 7/C/ 1 ' ' ' u ATTEST: •——•7C__A^—L /^ Title J^iO/S^A/ LfywU^Lf—1" / *!/^^/u^ (AJ Keeper of Thd National ERegister \ L -0 ^/ / *"/ ~7 ^ Date /^fltv^ • '~* / / / / <-' Date \ \ ffi l\j ' / Form 10-300o UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STATE (July 1969) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE South Carolina NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES COUN TY Charleston INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM FOR NPS USE ONLY ENTRY NUMBER (Continuation Sheet) (Number all entries) /~.T j^ \ \- <~> ULiJ l\.j\U HISTORIC CHARLESTON (EXTENDED) 7. DESCUIrTION (Page 2)______ the financial district of Charleston. vll the principal banns have their main offices here. Lwayers, r^al estate agents, insurance men and stock brokers occupy most of the other build ings* On it. are nationally important buildings such as St. Michael's Church, cornerstone laid in 1752; the Court [louse, 1792; and the Exchange Building, 1767. Many buildings used as business offices date from the 1700's, and among these are examples of commercial Victorian Buildings.