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Java V Open Source Gis - Geotools, Geoserver, Udig

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Java V Open Source Gis - Geotools, Geoserver, Udig JAVA V OPEN SOURCE GIS - GEOTOOLS, GEOSERVER, UDIG Java v Open Source GIS - Geotools, Geoserver, uDig Ing. Jan Jeˇzek Department of Mapping and Cartography Faculty of Civil Engineering, CTU in Prague E-mail: [email protected] Key words: Java, GIS, Open Source, uDig, Geotools, Geoserver Uvod´ Open Source GIS pokr´yv´avˇetˇsinu oblast´ıpro spr´avugeografick´ych dat. Open Source GIS produkty lze rozdˇelitna dvˇehlavn´ıskupiny, a to na produkty napsan´ev jazyce C (C++) a na produkty v jazyce JAVA. V jazyce C V tomto jazyce jsou to pˇredevˇs´ımUMN Mapserver, GRASS, Thuban a knihovny GDAL/OGR, PROJ4, GEOS. V jazyce JAVA V tomto jazyce jsou to GeoServer, uDig, Jump a knihovny GeoTools, JTS. Z´akladn´ımstavebn´ımkamenem kaˇzd´ehoOpen Source GIS je moˇznostpˇripojen´ık datab´azi PostGIS/PostgreSQL, kter´eumoˇzˇnuj´ıobˇeskupiny. Projekty v jazyce C Obecnˇeplat´ı,ˇzeprojekty v jazyce C jsou mnohem vyzr´alejˇs´ı,a to pˇredevˇs´ımd´ıkydelˇs´ımu ˇcasov´ehoobdob´ıjejich v´yvoje. Z´aklademtˇechto projekt˚ujsou softwarov´eknihovny zn´azornˇen´e na n´asleduj´ıc´ımobr´azku.Knihovny lze st´ahnoutnapˇr´ıkladjako produkt FWTools. (http:// fwtools.maptools.org/). FWTools Geinformatics FCE CTU 2006 144 JAVA V OPEN SOURCE GIS - GEOTOOLS, GEOSERVER, UDIG Sd´ılen´eknihovny PROJ4 Knihovna pro pr´acis kartografick´ymizobrazen´ımiv jazyce C. Hlavn´ımautorem obou kniho- ven je Frank Warmerdam. web site http://remotesensing.org/proj/ GEOS GEOS je \Geometry Engine, Open Source\. Jedn´ase o implementaci jednoduch´ych pro- storov´ych prvk˚upodle OGC specifikace \Simple Features for SQL" a metod pro topologii. Knihovna je vytvoˇren´av C++. web Site: http://geos.refractions.net/ Projekty v jazyce JAVA Projekty v jazyce JAVA prob´ıhaj´ıv´yvojem a moment´alnˇeproto nem˚uˇzoujeˇstˇepˇr´ıliˇskonku- rovat tˇemv jazyce C, a to pˇredevˇs´ımkv˚uliprobl´em˚umpˇripr´aciz obs´ahlejˇs´ımidaty. Pˇrestose zde vyv´ıj´ıkomplexn´ıˇreˇsen´ıvˇsech ˇc´ast´ıGIS produkt˚u.Existuje nˇekolik nez´avisl´ych projekt˚u (OpenMap), ale tak´ekomplexn´ıˇreˇsen´ına b´aziknihoven a jejich implementac´ıdo desktop i do server GIS produkt˚u.Sch´emavztah˚umezi knihovnami a GIS produkty je patrn´ez n´asleduj´ıc´ıhoobr´azku: Sd´ılen´eknihovny GeoAPI GeoAPI je skupinou JAVA rozhran´ıvych´azej´ıc´ıch z OGC specifikac´ı.GeoAPI definuje n´avrh objekt˚ua jejich metod pro z´akladn´ı operace z geografick´ymidaty. C´ılem GeoAPI je vy- tvoˇren´ıstandardn´ıhosyst´emu JAVA rozhran´ıtak, aby bylo moˇzn´epropojovat jak´ekoliv novˇe vytvoˇren´eknihovny s tˇemi st´avaj´ıc´ımi. Web Site: http://geoapi.sourceforge.net/ JTS Topology Suite Geinformatics FCE CTU 2006 145 JAVA V OPEN SOURCE GIS - GEOTOOLS, GEOSERVER, UDIG JTS Topology suite je z´akladn´ıknihovna pouˇz´ıvan´aprakticky ve vˇsech GIS produktech v jazyce JAVA. Tato knihovna pˇredstavuje obdobu knihovny GEOS v jazyce C tzn. Pˇredstavuje implementaci OpenGIS \Simple Features Specification”. Knihovna obsahuje topologick´efunkce jako Contains(), Intersects(), Touches() a Coesses(). Web Site: http://www.jump-project.org/ GeoTools Geoltools pˇredstavuje Open Source JAVA GIS toolkit pro v´yvoj GIS produkt˚uz velk´ym d˚urazemna OGC specifikace. C´ılemprojektu je v´yvoj JAVA objekt˚upotˇrebn´ych pro fin´aln´ı GIS produkty (jde o jistou obdobu ARCObjects od firmy ESRI). Velk´yd˚urazje kladen pˇredevˇs´ımna modularitu cel´ehosyst´emu, tak aby uˇzivatel mohl vyuˇz´ıvat jen ty ˇc´asti,kter´e skuteˇcnˇepotˇrebuje. Web Site: http://docs.codehaus.org/display/GEOTOOLS/Home Vybran´eGIS produkty GeoServer Geoserver je implementac´ıWeb Feature Server specification OpenGIS konsorcia zaloˇzen´ena jazyce JAVA (J2EE). Aplikace je postavena na knihovnˇeGeotools, coˇzumoˇzˇnujeoddˇelenou spr´avuz´akladn´ılogiky. Z technick´ehohlediska se jedn´ao webovou aplikaci zaloˇzenouna JSP a servletech funguj´ıc´ıpod nˇekter´ymz aplikaˇcn´ıch server˚u(napˇr.Tomcat). Z´akladn´ıpˇr´ıklad aplikace m˚uˇzetevidˇetnapˇr.na adrese http://b9701.fsv.cvut.cz:7080/geoserver/. Oproti nejrozˇs´ıˇrenˇejˇs´ıobdobn´eaplikaci UMN Mapserver vynik´apˇredevˇs´ımjednoduˇsˇs´ıinsta- lac´ıi obsluhou. V souˇcasnostiumoˇzˇnuje serverovat tyto datov´eform´aty: Oracle Spatial ArcSDE PostGIS ESRI Shape Files Tato data jsou zpˇr´ıstupnˇenajako sluˇzby WFS, WMS nebo WFS-T (Sluˇzbaumoˇzˇnuj´ıc´ıi editaci dat). Zat´ımbohuˇzeljeˇstˇenebyla implementov´anapodpora serverov´an´ırastrov´ych dat, avˇsak jej´ızakomponov´an´ıje ot´azkou pˇr´ıˇst´ıch mˇes´ıc˚u.Zaj´ımavost´ıje pl´anovan´apodpora sluˇzby WCS (Web Coverage Service ), kter´aumoˇzˇnujeserverovat multidimenzion´aln´ırastrov´adata napˇr. rastrov´adata spolu s informac´ıo nadmoˇrsk´ev´yˇscepixelu (digit´aln´ımodel ter´enu). Dalˇs´ım v´yhodou oproti kunkurenˇcn´ım produkt˚umje moˇznostserverovat data ve form´atu KML, a tak je zobrazovat v aplikaci Google Earth viz obr. uDig Produkt uDig (User-friendly Desktop Internet GIS) pˇredstavuje desktop GIS produkt. Spolu s aplikacemi Geserver, GeoTools i PostGIS je i uDig vyv´ıjenfirmou Refractions Research. Je postaven na knihovnˇeGeoTools a na technologii Eclipse Rich Client Platform. V Souˇcasnosti uDig poskytuje tuto funkcionalitu: Geinformatics FCE CTU 2006 146 JAVA V OPEN SOURCE GIS - GEOTOOLS, GEOSERVER, UDIG Geoserver + Google Earth WFS client read/write umoˇzˇnujejak prohl´ıˇzen´ıtak editaci dat poskytovan´ych prostˇrednictv´ım sluˇzby WFS a WFS-T. WMS client umoˇzˇnujeprohl´ıˇzen´ıdat zprostˇredkovyn´ych pomoc´ıWMS sluˇzby Podporuje Styled Layer Descriptor (SLD), umoˇzˇnujebarevnou tematizaci gra- fick´ych podklad˚u(pˇridˇelen´ıbarvy prvku dle hodnoty jeho atributu) Podpora tiskov´eho v´ystupu Podpora standardn´ıch GIS form´at˚u podpora pr´acese souˇradnicov´ymisyst´emy Podpora pˇripojen´ıdatab´az´ı- PostGIS, OracleSpatial, ArcSDE, and MySQL. uDig je nez´avisl´yna platformˇe Windows, OS/X, and Linux. Z´avˇer Rozˇs´ıˇren´ı jazyku Java se v´yraznˇeodr´aˇz´ı i ve v´yvoji Open Source GIS. Popsan´askupina produkt˚unaznaˇcujebudouc´ı v´yvoj v t´etooblasti. Kladem uveden´ehoˇreˇsen´ı je pˇredevˇs´ım velik´amodularita a podpora OGC specifikac´ı. Bˇehem pˇr´ıˇst´ıch let bude zaj´ımav´esledovat v´yvoj tˇechto produkt˚u,kter´ejsou moˇznouopen source alternativou ke komerˇcn´ımprodukt˚u firmy ESRI. PostGIS jako alternativa ArcSDE, geoserver jako alternativa ARCIMS, uDig jako alternativa ArcMap, GeoTools jako alterantiva ArcObjects. St´alese vˇsakjedn´ao produkty ve Geinformatics FCE CTU 2006 147 JAVA V OPEN SOURCE GIS - GEOTOOLS, GEOSERVER, UDIG uDig v´yvoji, kter´ese pot´ykaj´ıs ˇradou probl´em˚u,pˇredevˇs´ımco se t´yˇcerychlosti a pr´aces obs´ahl´ymi daty. Reference 1. Open Geospatial Consortium,Inc1 - Open Geospatial Consortium,Inc. Home Page [2006- 05-10] 2. Refractions Research2 - Refractions Research Home Page [2006-05-10] 3. FWTools3 - FWTools Home Page [2006-05-10] 1http://www.opengeospatial.org/ 2http://www.refractions.net/ 3http://fwtools.maptools.org/ Geinformatics FCE CTU 2006 148.
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