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Selection and Use of Nest Sites by Barn Owls in Norfolk, England
j Raptor Res. 28(3):149-153 ¸ 1994 The Raptor ResearchFoundation, Inc. SELECTION AND USE OF NEST SITES BY BARN OWLS IN NORFOLK, ENGLAND PAUL N. JOHNSON The Durrell Instituteof Conservationand Ecology,The University,Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NX United Kingdom AI•STR•CT.--Between1989 and 1993 reproductionwas monitoredat 96 barn owl (Tyro alba) breeding sitesin England. Nestswere locatedin tree cavities,buildings, and nest boxesin farm buildingsand maturetrees. Many of the sitesother than nestboxes used by owls were of human origin, but the number of thosedeclined during the courseof the study due to deteriorationof human-madestructures and competitionfrom otherspecies. Nest boxesincreased the populationdensity from 15 breedingpairs/100 km2 to 27 pairs.Over the studyperiod, pairs usingnest boxes produced significantly larger clutchesthan at other sites,but the numberof fledglingswas not significantlydifferent amongtypes of nest sites. KEY WORDS: barn owl; breedingecology; England; human-altered habitats; nest boxes; Tyro alba. Selecci6ny usode sitiosde nidificaci6npor Tyroalba en Norfolk, Inglaterra RESUMEN.--Entre1989 y 1993 semonitore6 la reproducci6nen 96 sitiosreproductivos de Tyroalba. Los nidosse localizaron en cavidadesde firboles,edificios, cajas anideras en construccionesagricolas y firboles madufos.Mucho de estossitios, aparte de las cajasanideras, usados por T. alba fueron de origen humano, peroel nfimerode ellosdeclin6 durante el cursodel estudiodebido al deteriorode las estructurasartificiales y a la competenciacon otras especies.Las cajasanideras incrementaron la densidadpoblacional de 15 parejasreproductivas/100 km 2 a 27 parejas.En el periodode estudio,las parejasque usaronlas cajas aniderasprodujeron nidadas significativamentemils grandesqueen otros sitios, pero el nfimero de volantonesno fue significativamentediferente entre los distintostipos de sitios. [Traducci6n de Ivan Lazo] The barn owl (Tyro alba) is currentlyclassified box studieshas been criticized by Moller (1989, as vulnerable in northwest Norfolk, England by 1992). -
Barn Owl (Tyto Alba) Caleb G
Barn Owl (Tyto alba) Caleb G. Putnam Status: State Endangered, Casual (MBRC) these reports occurred during MBBA II, two one-day wonders at Tawas Point State Park, Iosco County, were clearly migrants and may have pertained to the same individual. The third, present for two days in July 2002 in Washtenaw County, yielded possible breeding evidence. This compares to one breeding confirmation and five non-breeding season observations during MBBA I. After the MBBA II period, a single Barn Owl was observed in and near a barn on 7 September 2009 in Penn Township, Cass County and several dropped feathers were retrieved (MBRC 2010, Putnam 2010). Still, it seems likely that the period between the two Tawas Point, Iosco County, MI. 5/17/2007 atlases witnessed the conclusion of this species’ © Caleb Putnam regular breeding in the state. The monkey-faced Barn Owl has the dubious Historically, breeding activity occurred distinction of being one of Michigan’s few primarily from March to June, with occasional extirpated breeding bird species. Formerly an records into October during times of high uncommon to rare breeder in the southern LP, microtine abundance. The species shows a the species last nested in the early 1980s and has marked preference for human-made nest since been only infrequently encountered. This structures, in which a clutch of 3-11 eggs is laid. species is one of the most widely distributed of Eggs are incubated for about 30-34 days and the all land birds, being found on six continents and young are brooded an additional 52-56 days constituting approximately 28 to 35 subspecies (Ehrlich et al. -
Bald Eagles Chippewa National Forest “Celebrating 100 Years” 1908-2008
bald eagles Chippewa National Forest “Celebrating 100 years” 1908-2008 RETURN OF THE EAGLE The grace, strength and beauty of the bald eagle has been admired through the ages. It is difficult to believe that this majestic bird, our national symbol, faced extinction just a few decades ago. Bald eagle populations were at an all time low in the 1960's, with less than 12 known pairs on the Chippewa National Forest. Today, the Forest supports one of the highest breeding densities of bald eagles in the continental United States. Over the last 18 years, the Chippewa National Forests bald eagle monitoring shows an annual average of 150 active breeding pairs, and 100 successful breading pairs producing each year. The Chippewa National Forest Biologists gather information on eagles by recording the number plumage and can begin breeding at four or five of nesting pairs each spring, and young years of age. produced each July. The return of the bald eagle is one of America's greatest wildlife Young bald eagles remain flecked with brown conservation success stories. and white and can be mistaken for golden eagles, though golden eagles are not found in Minnesota. Eagles mate for life, and return to BALD EAGLE NATURAL HISTORY the same nest area each year. With a wingspan of seven feet, the bald eagle is Large red and white pines on the Forest make the largest bird of prey in northern Minnesota. excellent eagle nesting sites although aspen and The adult eagle is easily identified by it's striking others are occasionally used. Nests sometimes white head and tail. -
Measuring Owl Flight Noise
Measuring owl flight noise Thomas GEYER1; Ennes SARRADJ2; Christoph FRITZSCHE3 1;2 Chair for Technical Acoustics, BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg, Germany 3 now with the Thuringian State Institute for Environment and Geology, Germany ABSTRACT It is well known that most genera of owls are able to fly almost silently in order to hunt their prey. However, this knowledge is actually based on very few quantitative studies only. This is especially interesting regarding the fact that, against the background of increasing air traffic, the unique plumage adaptations of the owl responsible for the silent flight are the motivation behind various airframe noise reduction techniques such as serrations or porous trailing edges. Both by reviewing existing data and by means of appropriate experiments, the paper will first illustrate the special feather adaptations of owls and will expand upon their contribution to the silent flight. Then, following a brief review of existing measurement data on the silent owl flight from past studies, the paper will focus on more recent measurements of the noise generated by gliding owls. Thereby, two different approaches were followed: First, outdoor measurements of the noise emitted by gliding owls were performed using microphone array technology and a high speed camera setup to capture the flight path of the birds. Second, indoor measurements in an aeroacoustic open jet wind tunnel revealed the noise generated by prepared wings as well as their aerodynamic performance in terms of lift and drag forces. In both cases, special attention was paid to the difference between the flight noise of the owl compared to the noise of other, non-silently flying birds. -
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1 Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science 2 (1996) Volume 105 p. 21-28 NESTING BY BARN OWLS IN INDIANA Allen R. Parker and John S. Castrale Indiana Department of Natural Resources Division of Fish and Wildlife Nongame and Endangered Species Program 553 East Miller Drive Bloomington, Indiana 47401 ABSTRACT: Indiana nesting records for the barn owl (Tyto alba) indicate a statewide distribution before the population decline of the last thirty years. To document recent nestings, a program of advertising for public sightings, interviewing observers, and inspecting sites was conducted from 1983 to 1993. A total of 112 barn owls (19% of the 588 reports received) and 61 nest sites were confirmed. All nests were found south of 40 degrees latitude. Nest attempts were found in nest boxes (43%), tree cavities (38%), silos (9%), and other sites (10%). Success to banding age was most probable for nest boxes (78%). The average number of young per successful nest peaked every third year and was 4.0 overall. Between 1984 and 1991, the loss of known nest sites was 19.6%. The number of banding age young per nest attempt (2.74) exceeded the normal range of young per breeding female for a stable population (1.86-2.18). KEYWORDS: Banding age young, barn owls, distribution, nest boxes, productivity. INTRODUCTION The barn owl was first noted in Indiana after 1879 (Butler, 1898; Mumford and Keller, 1984), following settlement and forest clearing. Nest records from historical times to 1986 (Whitaker and Gammon, 1988) indicate a statewide distribution. Declines in barn owl numbers in the last 30 years have resulted in the species being considered endangered by the Indiana Department of Natural Resources (IDNR). -
Barn Owls — Family Tytonidae
282 Barn Owls — Family Tytonidae Barn Owls — Family Tytonidae Barn Owl Tyto alba An uncommon permanent resident through much of San Diego County, the Barn Owl is the county’s most urban owl. It nests in buildings and among the bases of palm leaves more often than in cavities in native trees or on natural cliff ledges. Also, the owls readily use nest boxes designed for them. An increas- ing number of San Diegans are turning to the Barn Owl as an agent of natural rodent control, encourag- ing the owls by hanging these boxes in trees. Breeding distribution: The Barn Owl is widespread on the coastal slope of San Diego County at low to moderate elevations, occurring in riparian and oak woodland as Photo by Anthony Mercieca well as in any open area where trees, buildings, or other man-made structures offer secure sites for roosting and the nature of the surrounding habitat, provided that there nesting. Its numbers are greatest in the inland valleys, is ample open ground over which the owls can hunt. with up to 12 in Poway (M12) 10 June and 15 July 1998 In the higher mountains the Barn Owl is rare but (P. von Hendy), and 10 at Wilderness Gardens (D11) 5 recorded as high as around 5000 feet elevation near the April 1997 (V. Dineen). The availability of suitable nest upper end of the middle fork of Borrego Palm Canyon sites probably governs the species’ numbers more than (E21; one on 18 June 1999, K. L. Weaver, C. R. Mahrdt) and about 4650 feet near Camp Hual-Cu-Cuish, Cuyamaca Mountains (M20; one on 2 July 2000, R. -
OWLS of OHIO C D G U I D E B O O K DIVISION of WILDLIFE Introduction O W L S O F O H I O
OWLS OF OHIO c d g u i d e b o o k DIVISION OF WILDLIFE Introduction O W L S O F O H I O Owls have longowls evoked curiosity in In the winter of of 2002, a snowy ohio owl and stygian owl are known from one people, due to their secretive and often frequented an area near Wilmington and two Texas records, respectively. nocturnal habits, fierce predatory in Clinton County, and became quite Another, the Oriental scops-owl, is behavior, and interesting appearance. a celebrity. She was visited by scores of known from two Alaska records). On Many people might be surprised by people – many whom had never seen a global scale, there are 27 genera of how common owls are; it just takes a one of these Arctic visitors – and was owls in two families, comprising a total bit of knowledge and searching to find featured in many newspapers and TV of 215 species. them. The effort is worthwhile, as news shows. A massive invasion of In Ohio and abroad, there is great owls are among our most fascinating northern owls – boreal, great gray, and variation among owls. The largest birds, both to watch and to hear. Owls Northern hawk owl – into Minnesota species in the world is the great gray are also among our most charismatic during the winter of 2004-05 became owl of North America. It is nearly three birds, and reading about species with a major source of ecotourism for the feet long with a wingspan of almost 4 names like fearful owl, barking owl, North Star State. -
Barn Owl (Tyto Alba)
Barn Owl (Tyto alba) Bird Species of Concern State Rank: S3B (vulnerable, breeding), S3N (vulnerable, non-breeding), Global Rank: G5 (secure) Identification The Barn Owl (Tyto alba) is a member of the family Tytonidae, the only representative of that family occurring in the United States. Barn Owls are on average 14 inches long with a wingspan of 44 inches. It is a large, nocturnal, and predatory bird with a large rounded head. It has pale facial disks with a dark frame. This species has tawny and gray upperparts with small black and white spots, and white underparts with scattered dark spots. The two sexes are similar to each other. The Barn Owl is easily distinguished from other owls by its face pattern. Flight patterns are similar to Long-eared and Short- eared Owls but lacks dark wrist marks. Range Barn Owls have a nearly worldwide distribution, being absent from only the high latitudes. It is found throughout most of the United States and it frequents open areas with suitable nesting areas in Pennsylvania. North American State/Province Conservation Status Map by NatureServe (2007) photo source: Jim Malone Pennsylvania Distribution by County Habitat Barn Owls require open areas with cavities for nesting. These cavities can be natural tree cavities or human-made structures such as church steeples, barns, abandoned buildings, or even nest boxes. This species needs a good population of small rodents, especially meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus). In winter, Barn Owls will sometimes roost in dense conifer trees, even plantations. Conservation/Status Barn Owls were undoubtedly rare in Pennsylvania before the cutting of the primeval forests. -
Predators in Flight in This Program, We Explore the Majestic World of Birds of Prey, Including Eagles, Falcons, Vultures, Ospreys, Hawks, and More
Men’s Programs Predators in Flight In this program, we explore the majestic world of birds of prey, including eagles, falcons, vultures, ospreys, hawks, and more. Birds of prey are also called raptors. Together, we learn more about these fierce, predatory birds from their habits to their habitats, as well as their role in legends, folklore, history, and superstition. Preparation & How-To’s • This is a copy of the complete activity. • Print photos of birds of prey for participants to view or display them on a TV screen. • Print a large-print copy of this discussion activity for participants to follow along and take with them for further study. • Read the article aloud and encourage participants to ask questions. • Use Discussion Starters to encourage conversation about this topic. • Read the Birds of Prey Trivia Q & A and solicit answers from participants. • Check out the Additional Activity for more information about this topic. Predators in Flight Introduction Birds of prey, also known as raptors, include many species of avian predators that rule the skies. Found on every continent on Earth except Antarctica, these powerful birds possess enhanced senses and phenomenal speed. Raptor and human history have been intertwined for centuries, with some birds of prey considered evil or magical, while others are thought of as pests. In contrast, they have also been celebrated as sacred or served as human hunting partners. What Makes a Raptor Most birds of prey are members of the order Accipitriformes, which is made up of 250 species. The birds are divided into diurnal and nocturnal raptors. -
Suriname! (Dani Lopez-Velasco)
Visiting a lek of the stunning Guianan Cock-of-the-Rock is definitely a must for any birder. And there´s no better place to do it than Suriname! (Dani Lopez-Velasco) SURINAME 23 FEBRUARY – 9/14 MARCH 2015 LEADER: DANI LOPEZ VELASCO and SEAN DILROSUN On our third tour to Suriname we amassed a great list of Guianan specialities, next to a splendid selection of more widespread, but rarely seen species. Our intrepid group recorded 404 species of birds, 16 mammals and some lovely ‘herps’ in this little country with its surface of about eight times Wales and its population of just over half a million people. We visited five different areas comprising three distinct ecosystems. It started with a short visit to the white sand grasslands and scrub of central Suriname where Black-faced Hawk, Bronzy Jacamar, Point-tailed Palmcreeper, Saffron-crested Tyrant–Manakin, Black Manakin and Glossy- backed Becard grabbed our attention. It continued with the famous Raleigh Falls and the Voltzberg, where many Guianan Cocks-of-the-Rock put on an unforgettable show on their lek, while other major avian highlights included brilliant Pompadour Cotingas, massive Black-throated and the very localized Band-tailed 1 BirdQuest Tour Report: Suriname www.birdquest-tours.com Antshrikes and delightful Red-billed Pied Tanagers. The misty forests of the Brownsberg were lighted up by incredibly tame Grey-winged Trumpeters and Black Curassows, rare Racket-tailed and stunning Tufted Coquettes, gaudy Blue-backed Tanagers and delicate White-fronted Manakins, colorful Rose-breasted Chats and much wanted Red-and black Grosbeaks. The coastal area held goodies like Scarlet Ibis, Rufous Crab Hawk, localized Arrowhead Piculets and Blood-coloured Woodpeckers and striking Crimson-hooded Manakins. -
(Tyto Alba) and Long-Eared Owl (Asio Otus) Mortality Along Motorways in Bourgogne-Champagne: Report and Suggestions
Barn Owl (Tyto alba) and Long-Eared Owl (Asio otus) Mortality Along Motorways in Bourgogne-Champagne: Report and Suggestions Hugues Baudvin1 The purpose of the study was to find where 305 km of motorways, from Dijon (Burgundy) and why two species of owls were killed by to Toul (Lorraine) and from Dijon to Saint- traffic along motorways. Three different factors Thibault (Champagne). Because of lack of have an important influence on the mortality of data, 46.1 km of road were not evaluated the two owl species: the biotops crossed by (discontinuous line figure 2). The distance motorways, the road elevation and the presence of small rodents, the Common Vole (Microtus arvalis) being most numerous. In order to limit the mortality caused by motorways, it is proposed to let the bordering vegetation grow naturally. Roadway-caused mortality of wildlife is a significant issue worldwide. Often, the impacts to wildlife occur along specific portions of roadways. Surveys along the roadways can identify these portions and identify the wildlife species being the most greatly impacted. Then, the management of roadside vegetation can help to reduce this negative impact. STUDY AREA AND METHODS The study area is located in the northeast of France, over the regions of Burgundy, Champagne, and Lorraine (fig. 1). It concerns Figure 2.—Owl mortality on motorways studied in northeastern France. studied is exactly 517.8 km (258.9 x 2 sides of the motorway). The study was conducted from November 1991 to December 1995. Dead animals were collected systematically along the motorway three times daily. The animals were placed in plastic bags and frozen for positive identification. -
American Kestrel (Falco Sparverius)
Morley Nelson Snake River Birds of Prey National Conservation Area American Kestrel (Falco sparverius) Description/Size The smallest falcon in North America. Like all falcons, kestrels have large heads, notched beaks, and “heavy Wing span: 20-24 inches shouldered” streamlined bodies. There is a difference Length: 8-11 inches in the plumage of each sex. In both sexes the back is Weight: 3.4 to 5.3 ounces reddish brown sparsely barred with black, the crown is blue-gray with variable amounts of rufous, the face and throat are white with a black malar (vertical stripe) below the dark eyes and another behind the cheek, the beak is blue-black and the legs and feet are yellow. Male kestrels have blue-gray wings, while females have reddish-brown wings with black barring. Males have rufous tails with one wide, black sub-terminal band and a white tip. Females have rufous tails and many black bars. The light-colored under parts of females typically are heavily streaked with brown; those of males are white to buffy orange with variable amounts of dark spotting or streaking. This adult plumage is attained at 1 year. Both sexes are slightly larger than robins but females are 10-15% larger than males. Similar Species Merlin – similar sized falcon but not as colorful; both sexes have narrow pale bands on a dark tail. Habitat/Range North America, the Bahamas and Antilles, Central America, and South America. Frequents open and partially open countryside including agriculture lands, transportation corridors such as freeways and highways, meadows, prairies, plains, and deserts.