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ISSUE 04 • 2020 Photo Essay: Covid-19 Gallery: HSS Awards Covid-19 BRICS ACADEMIC REVIEW BRICS: LIFE IN THE TIME OF COVID-19 BRASILIA: BRAZIL’S SEAT OF POWER BRICS 2020 THEME: BRICS STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP FOR GLOBAL STABILITY, SHARED SECURITY AND INNOVATIVE GROWTH CONNECT WITH US DIGITALLY! You can also download it here www.nihss.ac.za/ content/ brics-academic- If you wish to receive an review electronic copy of BAR email [email protected] Contents Covid-19 EDITOR Vuyo Dlamini PUBLISHER Lifestyle Media ART DIRECTOR Charl Malherbe COPY EDITOR Colette Braudo Copyright © 2020 by Lifestye Media. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Opinions expressed in this Photo Essay: BRICS on Lockdown publication are not necessarily those of the editors, 68 publisher, or advertisers. Overview BRICS Round-Up 8 CONTRIBUTORS Thekiso Anthony Lefifi, Prof Gerhard Erasmus, Coronavirus: How are BRICS Countries Responding to Critique 14 the Economic Crisis? Danilo Matoso Macedo, Sylvia Ficher, Priti Darooka, Shubha Chacko, Vladmir Korovkin, Freedom Mazwi, Covid-19 and the legal Measures Employed to Upfront 16 Prof Samir Saran, Minister Mmamoloko Kubayi-Ngubane, Deal with the Crisis Prof William Gumede, Ashraf Patel, Prof Dovhani Thakathi Agenda Priorities of the Russian BRICS Chairship in 2020 22 Brazil Feature Brasilia: Preservation of a Modernist City 24 Intertwined: Women and Water – Towards a Policy at the New Feature 30 Development Bank Insight Will Africa Close the Digital Divide? 36 What Africa Can Learn from Cuba in Combating Opinion 40 the Covid-19 Pandemic Co-existing with Covid-19: Saving Lives and Analysis 44 the Economy in India NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR THE HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES Report Brics Academic Forum Brasilia, 2019 48 Road to Recovery for the Tourism Sector: Tourism 52 Email: [email protected] The South African Perspective Tel: +27 11 480 2300 Viewpoint The case for IBSA’s relevance 56 Fax: +27 11 482 3068 2nd Floor, 24 St Andrews Johannesburg, Essays BRICS Economies 59 Parktown Gauteng, 2193 Photo Essay BRICS on Lockdown 68 Postnet Suite 413 P/Bag X30500 Houghton, 2041 Events Gallery Humanities and Social Sciences Awards 2020 78 www.nihss.ac.za CEO NOTE science, technology and innovation; It could not be otherwise. Covid-19 energy and development; transnational has brought unimaginable challenges crime; and agriculture. for Africa and the rest of the world. In addition to the the issues listed At the time of writing this editorial, above, delegates also discussed an estimated 345 122 people have died exploring ways to achieve greater after contracting the disease, leaving BRICS market integration. These many families grieving the loss of included determining common rules loved ones or fearing having to face for banking systems and stock markets, death alone. Seeing the World as well as for clearing procedures The burden of sickness and death Through the and preventing anti-corruption and has fallen overwhelmingly on the most Covid-19 Lens offshore activities. The possibility vulnerable in society: those living in of creating a BRICS visa was also conditions of poverty and deprivation. discussed. While the correlation between race, We were looking forward to poverty and health is well documented, reporting on more resolutions from this pandemic has brought the crisis W Brasilia, such as the establishment of right to the forefront and serves as a a common digital trade policy agenda, grim reminder of how much still needs the promotion of food security, and the to be achieved to redress inequality. growth of transnational crime linked At a national level, the virus We started the year 2020 with all to increased access to the internet. is being tackled on many fronts. the hope and positivity that a new Then everything changed. The From doctors, epidemiologists, decade brings. Rolling up our sleeves, coronavirus Covid-19 pandemic broke herbalists and other health workers we were ready to put in the work out, spreading like wildfire across the to politicians, educators, media required to build our organisations and globe and setting off a chain reaction practitioners and technologists, businesses. We were similarly primed that was felt everywhere – including professionals are weighing in and to implement the resolutions from the in the production of this edition of the offering their expertise to help us 11th BRICS Academic Forum – held BRICS Academic Review. Just as we were through this unprecedented crisis. On in Brasilia, the capital of Brazil, in in the throes of putting this publication a global scale, we have seen nations September last year – dealing with together, the situation forced a change in collaborating to halt the spread of the the following key issues: financing for editorial direction to include substantial virus while a vaccine is being sought. development; trade and investment; coverage of the pandemic. The subject of vaccine development is close to the hearts of BRICS- affiliated researchers and academics. At the 10th BRICS Summit held in The Covid-19 coronavirus pandemic Johannesburg, South Africa, in 2018, leaders agreed to establish a state- broke out, spreading like wildfire across of-the-art BRICS Vaccine Research Centre in Johannesburg. The Covid-19 the globe and setting off a chain reaction outbreak has brought even greater urgency to achieving this resolution. that was felt everywhere – including in the It also highlights the need for a co- ordinated approach to be taken among production of this edition of the BRICS BRICS member states when it comes to vaccine development, ensuring that Academic Review. each country’s strengths are utilised for the benefit of this bloc and of the world at large. 4 | BRICS ACADEMIC REVIEW The theme for the event is ‘BRICS’ new vision for a better world’, and it features a line-up of plenary and panel sessions that Another major initiative that is are sure to generate a host of ideas and strengthening the BRICS bond is the Emergency Assistance Programme Loan potential solutions to the dramatic changes spearheaded by the New Development Bank to help member states combat that Covid-19 has wrought on governments Covid-19. The fast-tracking of this facility demonstrates that unity and co- and citizens worldwide. operation among the BRICS countries is actionable and practical. Certainly, closing ranks and ensuring the safety and wellness of BRICS citizens will be at the top of the agenda as a global crisis manager, world bodies in managing this crisis to date, with at this year’s BRICS Academic Forum, are able to unite and determine “rules of the presidency showing the calibre due to take place (most likely virtually) the game” that meet the interests of all of leadership that has inspired the in Moscow from 20 to 22 May. The nations, not just Western ones. confidence of its citizens by reassuring us theme for the upcoming event is The call for global solidarity has that the pandemic can be brought under “BRICS’ new vision for a better world”, been further echoed by the World control and taking the requisite action. and it features a line-up of plenary and Health Organisation’s (WHO) That said, the socio-economic fallout panel sessions that are sure to generate director-general, Dr Tedros Adhanom from Covid-19 is deeply concerning, a host of ideas and potential solutions to Ghebreyesus. “This virus is dangerous,” carrying with it the very real risk that the dramatic changes that Covid-19 he said recently. “It exploits cracks the country will be plunged further into has wrought on governments and between us. We need global solidarity a cycle of unemployment, inequality citizens worldwide. that’s cemented on genuine national and poverty, from which it will take The plenary session titled “A Shifting unity. Without national unity and global years to recover. Our ongoing survey World Order and the Emergence solidarity, trust us, the worst is yet conducted around four South African of a New Governance Paradigm: ahead of us. Let’s prevent this tragedy.” townships (in Alexandra, Diepsloot, Challenges and Opportunities for the On the home front, help in fighting Khayelitsha and Umlazi) has provided a BRICS” is particularly pertinent now, the pandemic has come from an old glimpse of the devastation being caused, when the current international order is ally. South Africa and Cuba have close with the burden of disease being carried experiencing so much economic turmoil ties as Cuba was instrumental in the by women – as usual – and uncertainty. For the BRICS bloc, fight against apartheid rule in South and sharpening the crisis around in addition to the persistent challenges Africa. The relationship has endured, unemployment and inequality. that need addressing are emerging ones and now more than 200 Cuban doctors This is not the first time South demanding immediate attention, not least have arrived on our shores to offer Africa has faced a seemingly the gridlock in the international monetary their expertise in curbing the spread insurmountable challenge. The last and trade system reforms. It will be of Covid-19. They are among 1 200 such challenge was against the ruthless fascinating to listen to the perspectives healthcare workers sent to battle Covid-19 machinery of the apartheid era. We of Academic Forum delegates on the role in 22 countries that have requested help met that challenge with the help of our that BRICS member states should play from the communist state, whose much- friends, just as we will meet this one – in shaping a new model for multilateral admired healthcare system has helped the again, with the help of our friends. global governance.
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