Archaeological and Built Heritage Assessment of the Proposed Glanmire Road Improvements & Sustainable Transport Works, County Cork
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ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND BUILT HERITAGE ASSESSMENT OF THE PROPOSED GLANMIRE ROAD IMPROVEMENTS & SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT WORKS, COUNTY CORK ON BEHALF OF: AECOM & CORK COUNTY COUNCIL AUTHOR: FAITH BAILEY APRIL 2018 Glanmire Road Improvements & Archaeological and Built Heritage Assessment Sustainable Transport Works, Co. Cork ABSTRACT Irish Archaeological Consultancy Ltd has prepared this report on behalf of Aecom and Cork County Council, to describe the impact, if any, on the archaeological, architectural and historical resource as a result of multiple traffic and pedestrian schemes that form part of the Glanmire Road Improvements and Sustainable Transport Works, Glanmire, Co. Cork. The assessment has been carried out by Faith Bailey of IAC Ltd. There is a total of 14 recorded monuments located within 250m of the proposed schemes. These sites/ structures are all post medieval in date and of the sites, ten are listed as protected structures. The closest sites to the proposed schemes consist of Glanmire Bridge (CO064‐111) and Riverstown Bridge (CO075‐048). A review of the relevant Local Authority development plan has revealed that there are 21 individual or groups of protected structures located within 250m of the proposed schemes. Of these, ten are listed as recorded monuments and 15 are included in the NIAH survey. The closest structures to the proposed schemes consist of Glanmire Bridge (RPS 00483), Riverstown Bridge (RPS 00394) and the original entrance into Richmond demesne (RPS 001305). There are no National Monuments or Monuments under Preservation Order, or Architectural Conservation Areas within the vicinity of the proposed schemes. A total of 28 structures listed within the NIAH survey are located within 250m of the proposed scheme. Of these, 20 are subject to statutory protection, either as recorded monuments or protected structures (or both). No adverse impacts are predicted upon the archaeological or architectural resources as a result of a number of the proposed schemes going ahead. This is due to the developed suburban nature of the portions of the study area. The proposed works associated with the realignment of the Dunkettle Road; a new bridge at Glanmire and works to the south of Glanmire House, will have a number of direct impacts on the existing built heritage resource and the potential archaeological resource. As such, a suite of mitigation measures have been recommended, including the rebuilding of walls to be demolished, archaeological monitoring and built heritage survey works. In addition, where impacts may occur as a result of works within the channel of the Glashaboy River, underwater archaeological assessments have been recommended. These assessments, which require a licence from the Department of Heritage, Arts and the Gaeltacht, may lead to further mitigation, such as the preservation in‐situ/ by record of any archaeological features that are identified and/or archaeological monitoring. IRISH ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONSULTANCY LTD i Glanmire Road Improvements & Archaeological and Built Heritage Assessment Sustainable Transport Works, Co. Cork CONTENTS ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................................... I CONTENTS ........................................................................................................................ II List of Figures ............................................................................................................... iii List of Plates ................................................................................................................. iii 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 1 1.1 General .............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 The Development .............................................................................................. 1 2 METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................ 6 2.1 Paper Survey ...................................................................................................... 6 2.2 Field Inspection ................................................................................................. 8 3 BASELINE ANALYSIS .................................................................................................. 9 3.1 Archaeological and Historical Background ....................................................... 9 3.2 Summary of Previous Archaeological Fieldwork ............................................ 13 3.3 Cartographic Analysis ...................................................................................... 13 3.4 County Development Plan .............................................................................. 17 3.5 National Inventory of Architectural Heritage ................................................. 20 3.6 Aerial Photographic Analysis ........................................................................... 24 3.7 County Cork Post Medieval Heritage Survey .................................................. 25 3.8 Field Inspection ............................................................................................... 28 3.9 Conclusions ..................................................................................................... 37 4 IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION STRATEGY .............................................. 40 4.1 Impact Assessment ......................................................................................... 40 4.2 Mitigation ........................................................................................................ 42 5 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................... 46 APPENDIX 1 RMP/SMR SITE WITHIN THE SURROUNDING AREA ................................. I APPENDIX 2 RPS/NIAH STRUCTURES WITHIN THE SURROUNDING AREA ............... VIII APPENDIX 3 LEGISLATION PROTECTING THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCE ........ XXIX APPENDIX 4 LEGISLATION PROTECTING THE ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCE .......... XXXII APPENDIX 5 IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND THE CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE .. XXXV APPENDIX 6 MITIGATION MEASURES AND THE CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE XXXVII FIGURES PLATES ii IRISH ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONSULTANCY LTD Glanmire Road Improvements & Archaeological and Built Heritage Assessment Sustainable Transport Works, Co. Cork LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 Location of the proposed schemes Figure 2a Northern scheme locations showing recorded archaeological and architectural heritage sites Figure 2b Southern scheme locations showing recorded archaeological and architectural heritage sites Figure 3a Southern section of Projects 9, 2, 3, 1, 16, showing cultural heritage remains Figure 3b Central section of Projects 9, 2, 3, 1, 16, showing cultural heritage remains Figure 3c Northern section of Projects 9, 2, 3, 1, 16 (and southern section of Project 15 and 20), showing cultural heritage remains Figure 3d Northern section of Project 15 and Projects 6/4 and 4/7, showing cultural heritage remains Figure 3e Central section of Project 15 and Project 14, showing cultural heritage remains Figure 3f Projects 12 and 5, showing cultural heritage remains Figure 3g Project 13, showing cultural heritage remains Figure 3h Project 10, showing cultural heritage remains LIST OF PLATES Plate 1 Modern walling adjacent to Dunkettle Road, facing southeast Plate 2 Original section of Richmond Demesne wall, facing east Plate 3 Richmond demesne wall, facing north Plate 4 Richmond demesne wall, facing east Plate 5 Richmond demesne wall and house, facing northeast Plate 7 Detail of southern gate pillar, facing south Plate 6 Secondary entrance into Richmond demesne, facing east Plate 8 Richmond demesne wall, facing northeast Plate 9 Original entrance into Richmond (RPS 01305), facing north Plate 10 Detail of southern wall (RPS 01305), facing east Plate 11 Entrance (RPS 01305), facing east Plate 12 Recessed walls of entrance (RPS 01305), facing east Plate 13 Vernacular house on the Dunkettle Road, facing southeast Plate 14 Modified vernacular house on the Dunkettle Road, facing southeast Plate 15 Ballinglanna demesne wall, facing east Plate 16 Ballinglanna demesne wall, facing north Plate 17 Gated entrance, facing north Plate 18 Location of realigned road, facing southwest Plate 19 Stream, facing south, as it passes beneath the Dunkettle Road Plate 20 Wall along northern side of Dunkettle Road, facing northwest Plate 21 RPS 01015/6, facing northeast Plate 22 Vernacular structure, facing east Plate 23 RPS 00820, facing northeast Plate 24 Principal entrance to Dunkettle House, facing southwest Plate 25 Detail of entrance, facing west‐southwest Plate 26 Gate lodge (RPS 01406), facing west‐southwest IRISH ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONSULTANCY LTD iii Glanmire Road Improvements & Archaeological and Built Heritage Assessment Sustainable Transport Works, Co. Cork Plate 27 Surviving sections of Dunkettle demesne wall, facing west Plate 28 Northeast corner of Dunkettle demesne, facing west‐southwest Plate 29 Woodville Lodge, facing west‐northwest Plate 30 Woodlands demesne wall, facing west Plate 31 Former Woodlands House, facing southwest Plate 32 Vernacular house, facing west Plate 33 Rectory entrance and gate lodge, facing southwest Plate 34 Detail of post box Plate 35 Former demesne wall associated with Woodlands, facing northwest Plate 36 Glanmire Lodge,