Chinese Ashes Fraxinus Spp
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Oystershell Scale (Lepidosaphes Ulmi) on Green Ash (Fraxinus Pennsylvanica)
Esther Buck(Senior) Oystershell Scale (Lepidosaphes ulmi) on Green Ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) I found a green ash tree (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) outside the law building that was covered with Oystershell Scale, (Lepidosaphes ulmi). Oystershell Scale insects on Green Ash twig Oystershell Scale insects The Green Ash normally has an upright oval growth habit growing up to 50ft tall. The Green Ash that I found was only about 20ft tall. The tree also had some twig and branch dieback. The overall health of the plant was fair, it was on the shorter side and did have some dieback but it looked like it could last for a while longer. The dwarfed growth and dieback of branches and twigs was probably a result of the high infestation of Oystershell Scale (Lepidosaphes ulmi) insect on the branches of the tree. Scale insects feeding on plant sap slowly reduce plant vigor, so I think this sample may have been shorter due to the infestation of Scale insects. As with this tree, heavily infested plants grow poorly and may suffer dieback of twigs and branches. An infested host is occasionally so weakened that it dies. The scale insects resemble a small oyster shell and are usually in clusters all over the bark of branches on trees such as dogwood, elm, hickory, ash, poplar, apple etc. The Oystershell Scale insect has two stages, a crawler stage, which settles after a few days. Then the insect develops a scale which is like an outer shell, which is usually what you will see on an infested host. The scales are white in color at first but become brown with maturity. -
Regional Woody Plant Test Project 2005
Regional Woody Plant Test Project 2005 CDCS Crop Diversification Centre South Brooks, Alberta Pamphlet #2006-3 Regional Woody Plant Test Project 2005 Christine L. Murray, Ph.D., Nursery Crop Specialist Nigel G. Seymour, Dipl. Hort. Technologist Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development Crop Diversification Centre South SS 4, Brooks, Alberta, Canada T1R 1E6 email: [email protected] Phone (403) 362-1313 Fax (403) 362-1306 [email protected] Phone (403) 362-1350 Fax (403) 362-1306 website: http://www1.agric.gov.ab.ca/$department/deptdocs.nsf/all/opp4045?opendocument Table of Contents Index - Botanical Names ........................................... i-iv Index - Common Names......................................... iv-vii Introduction ................................................................ viii Acknowledgements ................................................... viii Recent Graduates ........................................................ ix Trial Locations .............................................................. x Definitions of categories in report ............................. xi Summary report of graduates .............................. 1 - 77 Index – Botanical Name Abies balsamea ‘Nana’ .......................................... 1 Caragana roborovskyi ........................................... 7 Acer glabrum ......................................................... 1 Caragana tragacanthoides .................................... 7 Acer negundo ‘Sensation ...................................... 1 Celtis -
Asian Long-Horned Beetle Anoplophora Glabripennis
MSU’s invasive species factsheets Asian long-horned beetle Anoplophora glabripennis The Asian long-horned beetle is an exotic wood-boring insect that attacks various broadleaf trees and shrubs. The beetle has been detected in a few urban areas of the United States. In Michigan, food host plants for this insect are abundantly present in urban landscapes, hardwood forests and riparian habitats. This beetle is a concern to lumber, nursery, landscaping and tourism industries. Michigan risk maps for exotic plant pests. Other common name starry sky beetle Systematic position Insecta > Coleoptera > Cerambycidae > Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) Global distribution Native to East Asia (China and Korea). Outside the native range, the beetle infestation has been found in Austria and Canada (Toronto) and the United States: Illinois (Chicago), New Jersey, New York (Long Island), and Asian long-horned beetle. Massachusetts. Management notes Quarantine status The only effective eradication technique available in This insect is a federally quarantined organism in North America has been to cut and completely destroy the United States (NEPDN 2006). Therefore, detection infested trees (Cavey 2000). must be reported to regulatory authorities and will lead to eradication efforts. Economic and environmental significance Plant hosts to Michigan A wide range of broadleaf trees and shrubs including If the beetle establishes in Michigan, it may lead to maple (Acer spp.), poplar (Populus spp.), willow (Salix undesirable economic consequences such as restricted spp.), mulberry (Morus spp.), plum (Prunus spp.), pear movements and exports of solid wood products via (Pyrus spp.), black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) and elms quarantine, reduced marketability of lumber, and reduced (Ulmus spp.). -
Cytogenetics of Fraxinus Mandshurica and F. Quadrangulata: Ploidy Determination and Rdna Analysis
Tree Genetics & Genomes (2020) 16:26 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-020-1418-6 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Cytogenetics of Fraxinus mandshurica and F. quadrangulata: ploidy determination and rDNA analysis Nurul Islam-Faridi1,2 & Mary E. Mason3 & Jennifer L. Koch4 & C. Dana Nelson5,6 Received: 22 July 2019 /Revised: 1 January 2020 /Accepted: 16 January 2020 # The Author(s) 2020 Abstract Ashes (Fraxinus spp.) are important hardwood tree species in rural, suburban, and urban forests of the eastern USA. Unfortunately, emerald ash borer (EAB, Agrilus planipennis) an invasive insect pest that was accidentally imported from Asia in the late 1980s–early 1990s is destroying them at an alarming rate. All North American ashes are highly susceptible to EAB, although blue ash (F. quadrangulata) may have some inherent attributes that provide it some protection. In contrast Manchurian ash (F. mandshurica) is relatively resistant to EAB having coevolved with the insect pest in its native range in Asia. Given its level of resistance, Manchurian ash has been considered for use in interspecies breeding programs designed to transfer resistance to susceptible North American ash species. One prerequisite for successful interspecies breeding is consistency in chromosome ploidy level and number between the candidate species. In the current study, we cytologically determined that both Manchurian ash and blue ash are diploids (2n) and have the same number of chromosomes (2n =2x = 46). We also characterized these species’ ribosomal gene families (45S and 5S rDNA) using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Both Manchurian and blue ash showed two 45S rDNA and one 5S rDNA sites, but blue ash appears to have an additional site of 45S rDNA. -
Manchurian Ash
Manchurian Ash III-101 Manchurian Ash Environmental Requirements (Fraxinus mandshurica) Soils Soil Texture - Adapted to a wide variety of soils. Soil pH - 5.5 to 8.0. General Description Windbreak Suitability Group - 1, 1K, 2, 2K, 3, 4, 4C 5. A medium to large tree similar to the native Black Ash in leaf characteristics. Has a slightly lower moisture Cold Hardiness requirement than black ash. Produces a very dense, oval to USDA Zone 3. rounded, shapely crown. One year twigs are golden colored. Lacy-textured foliage. The largest tree in North Water Dakota is 37 feet tall with a canopy spread of 25 feet. Prefers moist well-drained soils. Leaves and Buds Light Bud Arrangement - Opposite. Partial sun to full sun. Bud Color - Black or nearly so. Uses Bud Size - Terminal buds are ovate, pointed, 1/4 inch long. Leaf Type and Shape - Pinnate compound, 9 to 11 leaflets, Conservation/Windbreaks rachis slightly winged. Medium height tree for farmstead windbreaks. Leaf Margins - Sharply serrate. Wildlife Leaf Surface - Nearly smooth, usually pilose or hispid on the veins beneath, rufous-tomentose at leaflet bases. Seeds are eaten by some birds. Leaf Length - 10 to 12 inches; leaflets 3 to 5 inches. Agroforestry Products Leaf Width - 2 to 4 inches; leaflets 1 to 2 inches. Wood - Firewood, crafts. Leaf Color - Light green above; yellow fall color. Medicinal - Used for sores and itches. Flowers and Fruits Urban/Recreational Flower Type - Dioecious. Good landscape tree on moist sites or where additional Flower Color - Greenish-yellow. moisture can be supplied. Has a tailored, dense oval form, becoming more rounded with age. -
And Lepidoptera Associated with Fraxinus Pennsylvanica Marshall (Oleaceae) in the Red River Valley of Eastern North Dakota
A FAUNAL SURVEY OF COLEOPTERA, HEMIPTERA (HETEROPTERA), AND LEPIDOPTERA ASSOCIATED WITH FRAXINUS PENNSYLVANICA MARSHALL (OLEACEAE) IN THE RED RIVER VALLEY OF EASTERN NORTH DAKOTA A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the North Dakota State University of Agriculture and Applied Science By James Samuel Walker In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Major Department: Entomology March 2014 Fargo, North Dakota North Dakota State University Graduate School North DakotaTitle State University North DaGkroadtaua Stet Sacteho Uolniversity A FAUNAL SURVEYG rOFad COLEOPTERA,uate School HEMIPTERA (HETEROPTERA), AND LEPIDOPTERA ASSOCIATED WITH Title A FFRAXINUSAUNAL S UPENNSYLVANICARVEY OF COLEO MARSHALLPTERTAitl,e HEM (OLEACEAE)IPTERA (HET INER THEOPTE REDRA), AND LAE FPAIDUONPATLE RSUAR AVSESYO COIFA CTOEDLE WOIPTTHE RFRAA, XHIENMUISP PTENRNAS (YHLEVTAENRICOAP TMEARRAS),H AANLDL RIVER VALLEY OF EASTERN NORTH DAKOTA L(EOPLIDEAOCPTEEAREA) I ANS TSHOEC RIAETDE RDI VWEITRH V FARLALXEIYN UOSF P EEANSNTSEYRLNV ANNOICRAT HM DAARKSHOATALL (OLEACEAE) IN THE RED RIVER VAL LEY OF EASTERN NORTH DAKOTA ByB y By JAMESJAME SSAMUEL SAMUE LWALKER WALKER JAMES SAMUEL WALKER TheThe Su pSupervisoryervisory C oCommitteemmittee c ecertifiesrtifies t hthatat t hthisis ddisquisition isquisition complies complie swith wit hNorth Nor tDakotah Dako ta State State University’s regulations and meets the accepted standards for the degree of The Supervisory Committee certifies that this disquisition complies with North Dakota State University’s regulations and meets the accepted standards for the degree of University’s regulations and meetMASTERs the acce pOFted SCIENCE standards for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE MASTER OF SCIENCE SUPERVISORY COMMITTEE: SUPERVISORY COMMITTEE: SUPERVISORY COMMITTEE: David A. Rider DCoa-CCo-Chairvhiadi rA. -
Recommended Trees to Plant
Recommended Trees to Plant Large Sized Trees (Mature height of more than 45') (* indicates tree form only) Trees in this category require a curb/tree lawn width that measures at least a minimum of 8 feet (area between the stree edge/curb and the sidewalk). Trees should be spaced a minimum of 40 feet apart within the curb/tree lawn. Trees in this category are not compatible with power lines and thus not recommended for planting directly below or near power lines. Norway Maple, Acer platanoides Cleveland Norway Maple, Acer platanoides 'Cleveland' Columnar Norway Maple, Acer Patanoides 'Columnare' Parkway Norway Maple, Acer Platanoides 'Columnarbroad' Superform Norway Maple, Acer platanoides 'Superform' Red Maple, Acer rubrum Bowhall Red Maple, Acer rubrum 'Bowhall' Karpick Red Maple, Acer Rubrum 'Karpick' Northwood Red Maple, Acer rubrum 'Northwood' Red Sunset Red Maple, Acer Rubrum 'Franksred' Sugar Maple, Acer saccharum Commemoration Sugar Maple, Acer saccharum 'Commemoration' Endowment Sugar Maple, Acer saccharum 'Endowment' Green Mountain Sugar Maple, Acer saccharum 'Green Mountain' Majesty Sugar Maple, Acer saccharum 'Majesty' Adirzam Sugar Maple, Acer saccharum 'Adirzam' Armstrong Freeman Maple, Acer x freemanii 'Armstrong' Celzam Freeman Maple, Acer x freemanii 'Celzam' Autumn Blaze Freeman, Acer x freemanii 'Jeffersred' Ruby Red Horsechestnut, Aesculus x carnea 'Briotii' Heritage River Birch, Betula nigra 'Heritage' *Katsura Tree, Cercidiphyllum japonicum *Turkish Filbert/Hazel, Corylus colurna Hardy Rubber Tree, Eucommia ulmoides -
Fraxinus Spp. Family: Oleaceae American Ash
Fraxinus spp. Family: Oleaceae American Ash Ash ( Fraxinus sp.) is composed of 40 to 70 species, with 21 in Central and North America and 50 species in Eurasia. All species look alike microscopically. The name fraxinus is the classical Latin name for ash. Fraxinus americana*- American White Ash, Biltmore Ash, Biltmore White Ash, Canadian Ash, Cane Ash, Green Ash, Ground Ash, Mountain Ash, Quebec Ash, Red Ash, Smallseed White Ash, White Ash , White River Ash, White Southern Ash Fraxinus anomala-Dwarf Ash, Singleleaf Ash Fraxinus berlandierana-Berlandier Ash , Mexican Ash Fraxinus caroliniana-Carolina Ash , Florida Ash, Pop Ash, Swamp Ash, Water Ash Fraxinus cuspidata-Flowering Ash, Fragrant Ash Fraxinus dipetala-California Flwoering Ash, California Shrub Ash, Foothill Ash, Flowering Ash, Fringe- flowering Ash, Mountain Ash, Two-petal Ash Fraxinus gooddingii-Goodding Ash Fraxinus greggii-Dogleg Ash, Gregg Ash, Littleleaf Ash Fraxinus latifolia*-Basket Ash, Oregon Ash, Water Ash, White Ash Fraxinus nigra*-American Black Ash, Basket Ash, Black Ash , Brown Ash, Canadian Ash, Hoop Ash, Splinter Ash, Swamp Ash, Water Ash Fraxinus papillosa-Chihuahua Ash Fraxinus pennsylvanica*-Bastard Ash, Black Ash, Blue Ash, Brown Ash, Canadian Ash, Darlington Ash, Gray Ash, Green Ash , Piss Ash, Pumpkin Ash, Red Ash, Rim Ash, River Ash, Soft Ash,Swamp Ash, Water Ash, White Ash Fraxinus profunda*-Pumpkin Ash, Red Ash Fraxinus quadrangulata*-Blue Ash , Virginia Ash Fraxinus texensis-Texas Ash Fraxinus velutina-Arizona Ash, Desert Ash, Leatherleaf Ash, Modesto Ash, Smooth Ash, Toumey Ash, Velvet Ash (* commercial species) Distribution The north temperate regions of the globe. The Tree Ashes are trees or shrubs with large, opposite, pinnately compound leaves, which are shed in the fall. -
Winter Tree Identification Pocket Guide
Pocket Reference for Winter Tree Identification If found please send to P.O. Box 1040, Mahomet, IL 61853 or drop off at any of the Champaign County Forest Preserves. Characteristics To Look For In Winter ID • Bud arrangement - opposite (M.A.D. Horse Bucks) Maples Ashes Dogwoods Horse Chestnuts Buckeyes - alternate (Others) - whorled (Catalpa sp.) • Shape and color of buds • Shape and color of leaf scars • Color and structure of tree bark General Notes • Species with opposite arrangements are near the front of the reference, while species with alternate and whorled arrangements are near the back. • Each species has the common name, genus and species, as well as the family name listed. Genus and species names are in italics and the family names all end in “AE.” • A species marked with a denotes a species that we would like to have a location reported, so we can collect seed when the time is right. Lastly, this is by no means a complete guide to native trees in Illinois. It is simply a compilation of common trees that could be encountered during a hike in the woods. More trees will be added to this reference in the future so that a more complete guide can be generated Thank You and Enjoy! Maple Aceraceae Acer sp. Box Elder Acer negundo Distinguishing features • Buds are opposite. • Twig color is red. • White hairs are present on buds, creating a white “frost” on twig. Maple Aceraceae Acer sp. Sugar Maple Acer saccharum Distinguishing features • Buds are opposite and pointed. • Bud color is dark brown or shades of red. -
Ecological Impacts of Emerald Ash Borer in Forests at the Epicenter of the Invasion in North America
Review Ecological Impacts of Emerald Ash Borer in Forests at the Epicenter of the Invasion in North America Wendy S. Klooster 1,*, Kamal J. K. Gandhi 2, Lawrence C. Long 3, Kayla I. Perry 4 ID , Kevin B. Rice 5 and Daniel A. Herms 6 1 Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA 2 Daniel B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; [email protected] 3 Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; [email protected] 4 Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; [email protected] 5 Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; [email protected] 6 The Davey Tree Expert Company, Kent, OH 44240, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-614-292-2764 Received: 31 March 2018; Accepted: 3 May 2018; Published: 5 May 2018 Abstract: We review research on ecological impacts of emerald ash borer (EAB)-induced ash mortality in the Upper Huron River watershed in southeast Michigan near the epicenter of the invasion of North America, where forests have been impacted longer than any others in North America. By 2009, mortality of green, white, and black ash exceeded 99%, and ash seed production and regeneration had ceased. This left an orphaned cohort of saplings too small to be infested, the fate of which may depend on the ability of natural enemies to regulate EAB populations at low densities. -
Fraxinus Caroliniana, Pop Ash1 Michael G
FOR 256 Fraxinus caroliniana, Pop Ash1 Michael G. Andreu, Melissa H. Friedman, Mary McKenzie, Heather V. Quintana, and Robert Northrop2 Family leaflets that are 3 to 5 inches long, are elliptical to broadly lanceolate in shape, and have coarsely serrate margins. Oleaceae, olive family. Leaves are dark green and glabrous on the topside with a paler and glabrous to slightly hairy underside. The bark is Genus light gray, thin, and scaly, and becomes rough and furrowed Fraxinus is the Latin word for the ash tree. It is also the with age. While this tree may grow with a single trunk, it is Latin word for a lance or spear made from the wood of the often found with several crooked or leaning trunks. Flowers ash. are 1/8 inch long and bloom in early spring before leaves emerge. The blooms appear in clusters of many yellow Species (male) and green (female) flowers. Fruits are 1½ to 2 inch long elliptical samaras (winged seeds) that have 1 wing (or The species name, caroliniana, refers to the tree’s origin in occasionally 3). The seed itself is yellow or tan and the fruits the Carolina region of the eastern United States. ripen between summer and fall. Common Name Allergen Pop Ash, Carolina Ash, Water Ash The ash genus is known to be a potent allergen, producing a The common name “Carolina ash” refers to its origin in the large amount of pollen. Carolinas (North and South). The name “water ash” refers to its affinity to wet habitats. Applications Commercial/Practical Description The wood of pop ash is light and weak. -
Eighth-Year Survival and Growth of Planted Replacement Tree Species in Black Ash ( Fraxinus Nigra ) Wetlands Threatened by Emera
Forest Ecology and Management 484 (2021) 118958 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Forest Ecology and Management journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/foreco Eighth-year survival and growth of planted replacement tree species in black ash (Fraxinus nigra) wetlands threatened by emerald ash borer in Minnesota, USA Brian J. Palik a,*, Anthony W. D’Amato b, Robert A. Slesak c, Doug Kastendick a, Chris Looney d, Josh Kragthorpe e a USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Grand Rapids, MN 55744, USA b Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA c USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Olympia, WA 98512, USA d USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Davis, CA 95618, USA e Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Black ash (Fraxinus nigra) is native to lowland forests of the western Great Lakes region, USA, where it often EAB comprises a majority of trees. Like all native ash in North America, black ash is threatened by emerald ash borer Foundational species (EAB; Agrilus planipennis), but the impacts from EAB mortality may be particularly severe in these forests given Tree regeneration the foundational role of black ash at regulating ecosystem function. Compounding the problem is that associated Silviculture tree species occur in low abundance and their abundance may be further reduced as habitat declines with climate Assisted migration Enrichment planting change. These converging threats point to the need for silvicultural intervention to establish replacement tree species in anticipation of EAB invasion. Here we report on a large-scale management experiment from Minne sota, USA that includes different silvicultural approaches for establishing replacement tree species in black ash forests.