Census of 2011

KERALA

PART XII-A SERIES-33

DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK

KANNUR

VILLAGE AND TOWN DIRECTORY

DIRECTORATE OF CENSUS OPERATIONS

2

CENSUS OF INDIA 2011

KERALA

SERIES-33 PART XII-A

DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK

Village and Town Directory

KANNUR

Directorate of Census Operations, Kerala

3 MOTIF

Theyyam or Theyyattam also known as “Kaliyattam” is a popular ritual dance of Kerala. The strong- holds of this ancient art are the Northern parts of Kerala especially . The evolution of Hindu religion from its primitive form can be traced to this dance form. It is a living cult with a tradition, rituals and customs going back to several centuries and embraces almost all castes and classes of Hindu Religion of this region.

The word ‘’ is a corrupt form of the word “Deivam”which means God. It is a rare combination of dance and music and reflects important features of a tribal culture. According to the legend- ary “Keralolpathy” Parasurama sanctioned the festivals like ‘Kaliyattam’, ‘Deviyattam’ or ‘Theyyatam’ to the people of Kerala. The dances are traditionally performed by indegenious communities like Panan, Velan, Vannan, Malayan, Mavilan, Pulayan and Koppalan which are considered as depressed castes. The dance or ‘Invocation’ is usually performed in front of village shrines or houses as ancestor workship with elaborate rites and rituals, for propitiating Gods and Goddesses to bless the family or community. There are ‘’of different manifestations of a deity, a historical, or a legendary figure. There is a close resem- blance between the Theyyam Art and ‘Kathakali’ in make up, costumes, and dance and musical instru- ments.

4 CONTENTS Pages 1. Foreword 7 2. Preface 9 3. Acknowledgements 11 4. History and scope of the District Census Handbook 13 5. Brief history of the district 15 6. Analytical Note 17 Village and Town Directory Brief Note on Village and Town Directory 141 7. Section I - Village Directory (a) List of Villages merged in towns and outgrowths at 2011 Census (b) Taluk Maps (c) Alphabetical list of Villages along with location code 2001 and 2011 (d) Taluk wise Village Directory (e) Appendices to Village Directory Appendix I : Summary showing total number of villages having Educational, 180 Medical and other amenities in villages - Taluk level Appendix I A : Villages by number of Primary Schools 182 Appendix I B : Villages by Primary, Middle and Secondary Schools 182 Appendix I C : Villages with different sources of drinking water facilities 182 available Appendix II : Villages with 5,000 and above population which do not have 183 one or more amenities available Appendix III : Land utilization data in respect of Census towns 184 Appendix IV : Taluk wise list of inhabited villages where no amenity other 184 than drinking water facility is available Appendix V : Summary showing number of Villages not having Scheduled 185 Caste population Appendix VI : Summary showing number of Villages not having Scheduled 185 Tribe population Appendix VII A : List of villages according to the proportion of the Scheduled 185 Castes to the total population by ranges

5 Pages Appendix VII B : List of villages according to the proportion of the Scheduled 187 Tribes to the total population by ranges Appendix VIII : Number of villages under each Gram Panchayat (Taluk wise) 189 8. Section II - Town Directory (a) Town Directory Statement I - Status and Growth History 200 (b) Town Directory Statement II - Physical aspects and location of 206 towns, 2009 (c) Town Directory Statement III - Civic and other amenities, 2009 210 (d) Town Directory Statement IV - Medical Facilities, 2009 216 (e) Town Directory Statement V - Educational, Recreational and cultural 220 facilities,2009 (f) Town Directory Statement VI - Industry and banking, 2009 228 (g) Town Directory Statement VII - Civic and other amenities in 230 slums, 2009 (h) Appendix to Town Directory - Towns showing their outgrowth with 230 population

6 FOREWORD

The District Census Handbook (DCHB) is an important publication of the Census Organization since 1951. It contains both Census and non Census data of urban and rural areas for each District. The Census data provide information on demographic and socio-economic characteristics of population at the lowest administrative unit i.e. of each Village and Town and ward of the District. The Primary Census Abstract (PCA) part of this publication contains Census data including data on household amenities collected during 1st.phase of the Census i.e. House Listing and Housing Census. The non Census data presented in the DCHB is in the form of Village Directory and Town Directory contain information on various infrastructure facilities available in the village and town viz; education, medical, drinking water, communication and transport, post and telegraph, electricity, banking, and other miscellaneous facilities. Later on, the Telegraph Services were closed by the Government of India on 15th July, 2013. The data of DCHB are of considerable importance in the context of planning and development at the grass-root level. 2. In the 1961 Census, DCHB provided a descriptive account of the District, administrative statistics, Census tables and Village and Town Directory including Primary Census Abstract. This pattern was changed in 1971 Census and the DCHB was published in three parts: Part-A related to Village and Town Directory, Part-B to Village and Town PCA and Part-C comprised analytical report, administrative statistics, District Census tables and certain analytical tables based on PCA and amenity data in respect of Villages. The 1981 Census DCHB was published in two parts: Part-A contained Village and Town Directory and Part-B the PCA of Village and Town including the SCs and STs PCA up to Tahsil/Town levels. New features along with restructuring of the formats of Village and Town Directory were added. In Village Directory, all amenities except electricity were brought together and if any amenity was not available in the referent Village, the distance in broad ranges from the nearest place having such an amenity, was given. 3. The pattern of 1981 Census was followed by and large for the DCHB of 1991 Census except the format of PCA. It was restructured. Nine-fold industrial classification of main workers was given against the four-fold industrial classification presented in the 1981 Census. In addition, sex wise population in 0- 6 age group was included in the PCA for the first time with a view to enable the data users to compile more realistic literacy rate as all children below 7 years of age had been treated as illiterate at the time of 1991 Census. One of the important innovations in the 1991 Census was the Community Development Block (CD Block) level presentation of Village Directory and PCA data instead of the traditional Tahsil/Taluk/PS level presentation. 4. As regards DCHB of 2001 Census, the scope of Village Directory was improved by including some other amenities like banking, recreational and cultural facilities, newspapers & magazines and ‘most important commodity’ manufactured in a Village in addition to prescribed facilities of earlier Censuses. In Town Directory, the statement on Slums was modified and its coverage was enlarged by including details on all slums instead of ‘notified slums’. 5. The scope and coverage of Village Directory of 2011 DCHB has been widened by including a number of new amenities in addition to those of 2001. These newly added amenities are: Pre-Primary School, Engineering College, Medical College, Management Institute, Polytechnic, Non-formal Training Centre, Special School for Disabled, Community Health Centre, Veterinary Hospital, Mobile Health Clinic, Medical Practitioner with MBBS Degree, Medical Practitioner with no degree, Traditional Practitioner and faith Healer, Medicine Shop, Community Toilet, Rural Sanitary Mart or Sanitary Hardware Outlet in the Village, Community Bio- gas, Sub Post Office, Village Pin Code, Public Call Office, Mobile Phone Coverage, Internet

7 Cafes/ Common Service Centre, Private Courier Facility, Auto/Modified Autos, Taxis and Vans, Tractors, Cycle-pulled Rickshaws, Carts driven by Animals, Village connected to National Highway, State Highway, Major District Road, and Other District Road, Availability of Water Bounded Macadam Roads in Village, ATM, Self-Help Group, Public Distribution System(PDS) Shop, Mandis/Regular Market, Weekly Haat, Agricultural Marketing Society, Nutritional Centers (ICDS), Anganwadi Centre, ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist), Sports Field, Public Library, Public Reading Room, Assembly Polling station, Birth & Death Registration Office. In the Town Directory, seven Statements containing the details and the data of each Town have been presented viz.; (i)-Status and Growth History of Towns,(ii)- Physical Aspects and Location of Towns, (iii)-Civic and other Amenities, (iv)-Medical Facilities, (v)-Educational, Recreational & Cultural Facilities, (vi)- Industry & Banking, and (vii)- Civic & other amenities in Slums respectively. Taluk wise data of Village Directory and Village PCA have been presented in DCHB of 2011 Census as presented in earlier Census. 6. The data of DCHB 2011 Census have been presented in two parts, Part-A contains Village and Town Directory and Part-B contains Village and Town wise Primary Census Abstract. Both the Parts have been published in separate volumes in 2011 Census. 7. The Village and Town level amenities data have been collected, compiled and computerized under the supervision of Dr.V.M. Gopala Menon, IAS, Director of Census Operations, Kerala. The task of Planning, Designing and Co-ordination of this publication was carried out by Dr. Pratibha Kumari, Assistant Registrar General (SS) under the guidance & supervision of Dr. R.C.Sethi, Ex-Addl. RGI and Shri Deepak Rastogi present Addl.RGI. Shri A.P. Singh, Deputy Registrar General, (Map) provided the technical guidance in the preparation of maps. Shri A.K. Arora, Joint Director of Data Processing Division under the overall supervision of Shri M.S.Thapa, Addl. Director (EDP) provided full cooperation in preparation of record structure for digitization and validity checking of Village and Town Directory data and the programme for the generation of Village Directory and Town Directory including various analytical inset tables as well as Primary Census Abstract (PCA). The work of preparation of DCHB, 2011 Census has been monitored in the Social Studies Division. I am thankful to all of them and others who have contributed to bring out this publication in time.

New (Dr. C.Chandramouli) Dated: - 16-06-2014. Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.

8 PREFACE

District Census Hand Book is a unique publication brought out un-interruptedly by the Census Organization since 1951 Census. The publication is widely used by Administrators, Planners, Demographers, Research Scholars and other data users. It contains village-wise and town-wise demographic and socio- economic characteristics of the district along with the status of availability of civic amenities, infrastructural facilities etc.

In earlier censuses, District Census Handbooks were published in single volume with two parts. Part-A of DCHB contained Village and Town Directory and Part -B contained Village and Town Primary Census Abstract data for each district. But this time, it is published in two volumes separately for Part-A and Part-B of each district without changing the nomenclature of DCHB of 2001. This volume contains the Village and Town Directory .

From 2001 Census onwards, the software designed/created by the Data Processing Division of the Office of the Registrar General, India has been used for generation of tables. It reduced considerably the time taken for preparation of the District Census Handbooks. District Census Handbooks are published in Electronic form (pdf files) for the first time during the current Census.

I express my deep gratitude to Dr. C. Chandramouli, Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India, for his encouragement and valuable guidance for completion of this volume within the timeframe. I thank Shri Deepak Rastogi, Additional Registrar General (C&T), Shri A.P. Singh, Deputy Registrar General (Map), Dr. Pratibha Kumari, Assistant Registrar General (SS) of Office of the Registrar General, India for their guidance at each step in the preparation of DCHB. Special thanks are due to Shri M.S. Thapa, Additional Director (EDP), Shri Anil Kumar Arora, Joint Director (EDP) and Shri Anurag Gupta, DPA (EDP). Without their untiring efforts and support, we could not have completed the District Census Handbooks within this time. They were always willing to listen to our requests and find solution for the problems we faced.

All Departments of the State Government co-operated in giving data for inclusion in the publication. I thank the District Collectors, Tahsildars of every Taluk and Secretaries of Municipal Corporations and Municipalities in the State who painstakingly collected and furnished all the information needed by us. I also thank all the Departments of the State Government who co-operated with us in giving the data, especially, Directorate of Public Instruction, Forest Department, Rural Development Commissionerate, Industries Department, Economics & Statistics Department, Tourism Department and State Planning Board.

I am very much thankful to Dr. V. M. Gopala Menon, Ex. Director of Census Operations, Kerala for his support and valuable guidance for drafting this volume. In the beginning, non census data for District Census Handbook were collected under the guidance of Smt. P. Girija, then Joint Director of Census Operations. Information for preparation of analytical notes and all data other than Census data were prepared and scrutinized under the guidance of Shri Francis. K. Manuel, Deputy Director, Shri P. P. Joy, Deputy Director and Smt. L. Ajitha, Asst. Director. Shri A.K. Raman, Statistical Investigator, Gr.I (Retd.) and Smt. Biji.C.R., Statistical Investigator, Gr.I did a great job of putting all the details together and checking them. My sincere thanks are due to them also. The Statistical Investigators Gr. I & II and Compilers who assisted in the work also did a tremendous job. Digitized maps were used in the District Census Handbooks. This has improved the quality of the maps. I thank Shri K. Selvam, Senior Geographer and Shri K. Shasikanth, Senior Draughtsman who helped in expediting the work. I am thankful to Shri A. N. Rajeev, Deputy Director, Shri A. Sri Raghu, Asst. Director and Smt. P. Lakshmikutty, Asst. Director and their team in Census

9 Section for the efforts taken for finalization of the Primary Census Abstract (PCA). My thanks are due to Smt. L. Ajitha, Shri K. Gireesh Kumar, Smt. P. Lakshmikutty, Shri Aswani Kumar. P. M., Shri Shailendra . A. and Shri K. Gnanaprakasam, Assistant Directors for preparation of DCHB Volumes . My sincere thanks are also due to Shri Francis. K. Manuel, Deputy Director who was in charge of Data Centre, under whose guidance and supervision, the data entry of Village Directory and Town Directory could be completed timely. I am grateful to Shri Jose. T. Varghese, Deputy Director under whose guidance and supervision this publication has been finalised. The effort of many persons have gone into the preparation and publishing of this volume. I take this opportunity to record my gratitude to all of them.

Thiruvananthapuram N.RAVICHANDRAN 14.12.2015 Joint Director of Census Operations, Kerala

10 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Name of Officers engaged

Shri Francis K Manuel Deputy Director Shri Jose T. Varghese Deputy Director Shri P.P. Joy Deputy Director Smt. L. Ajitha Assistant Director Smt.P. Lakshmikutty Assistant Director Compilation , checking of Data and Preparation of CRC

Smt. Biji. C.R. Statistical Investigator Gr.I Smt. Jane Jos Statistical Investigator Gr.II Smt. Sajitha.J Statistical Investigator Gr.II Smt.S.Geethamony Compiler Smt. Rajni Jose Compiler Smt.Rihana.M. Compiler Smt.Remya.D.S. Compiler Shri. A.K. Raman Statistical Investigator Gr.I (Retd.) Shri.R.Chandrachoodan Statistical Investigator Gr.I (Retd.) Smt. B. Valsala Kumari Statistical Investigator Gr.II(Retd.) Smt. B. Prasanna Kumari Statistical Investigator Gr.II(Retd.)

Data Processing

Shri N.Jayakumar(Late) Data Processing Assistant Shri B.Madhu Kumar Data Processing Assistant Shri Sajithraj.K Data Entry Operator, Grade B Shri.Sajan.M.A. Data Entry Operator, Grade B Mapping

Shri K. Selvam Senior Geographer Shri N.Venu Nair Senior Draughtsman Shri Shashikanth Senior Draughtsman Shri S.K.Sajeesh Senior Draughtsman

11 ORGI- Data Processing Division Shri Jaspal SIngh Lamba Deputy Director Ms. Usha Assistant Director Shri Anurag Gupta DPA Grade ‘A ‘ Shri Mukesh Kumar Mahawar DPA Grade ‘A ‘ Ms. Shagufta Nasreen Bhat DPA Grade ‘A ‘ Ms. Shashi Seth Sr. Supervisor Shri Khem Verma Jadon Sr. Consultant Shri Yashwant Singh Jr. Consultant

12 HISTORY AND SCOPE OF THE DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK

The need of data at the grass root level for the administrative and planning purposes at sub micro level as well as academic studies prompted the innovation of District Census Handbook. District Census Handbook is a unique publication from the Census organization which provides most authentic details of census and non-census information from village and town level to district level. The District Census Handbook was firstly introduced during the 1951 Census. It contains both census and non census data of urban as well as rural areas for each district. The census data contain several demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the lowest administrative unit i.e. of each village and town and ward of the district. The non census data comprise of data on availability of various civic amenities and infrastructural facilities etc. at the town and village level which constitute Village Directory and Town Directory part of the DCHB. The data of DCHB are of considerable importance in the context of planning and development at grass-root level. In 1961 census DCHB provided a descriptive account of the district, administrative statistics, census tables and village and town directory including Primary Census Abstract. This pattern was changed in 1971 Census and the DCHB was published in three parts: Part-A related to village and town directory, Part-B to village and town PCA and Part-C comprised analytical report, administrative statistics, district census tables and certain analytical tables based on PCA and amenity data in respect of villages. The 1981 census DCHB was published in two parts: Part-A contained village and town directory and Part-B the PCA of village and town including the SCs and STs PCA up to tahsil/town levels. New features along with restructuring of the formats of village and town directory were added into it. In Village Directory, all amenities except electricity were brought together and if any amenity was not available in the referent village, the distance in broad ranges from the nearest place having such an amenity, was given. The pattern of 1981 census was followed by and large for the DCHB of 1991 Census except the format of PCA. It was restructured. Nine-fold industrial classification of main workers was given against the four-fold industrial classification presented in the 1981 census. In addition, sex wise population in 0-6 age group was included in the PCA for the first time with a view to enable the data users to compile more realistic literacy rate as all children below 7 years of age had been treated as illiterate at the time of 1991 census. One of the important innovations in the 1991 Census was the Community Development Block (CD Block) level presentation of village directory and PCA data instead of the traditional tahsil/taluk/PS level presentation. As regards DCHB of 2001 Census, the scope of Village Directory was improved by including some other amenities like banking, recreational and cultural facilities, newspapers & magazines and ‘most important commodity’ manufactured in a village in addition to prescribed facilities of earlier censuses. In Town Directory, the statement on Slums was modified and its coverage was enlarged by including details on all slums instead of ‘notified slums’. The scope and coverage of Village Directory of 2011 DCHB has been widened by including a number of new amenities in addition to those of 2001. In the Town Directory, seven Statements containing the details and the data of each town have been presented viz.; (i)-Status and Growth History of towns, (ii)- Physical Aspects and Location of Towns, (iii)-

13 Civic and other Amenities, (iv)-Medical Facilities, (v)-Educational, Recreational & Cultural Facilities, (vi)- Industry & Banking, and (vii)- Civic & other amenities in Slums respectively. Taluk wise data of Village Directory and Village PCA have been presented in DCHB of 2011 Census as presented in earlier Censuses. The data of DCHB 2011 Census have been presented in two parts, Part-A contains Village and Town Directory and Part-B contains Village and Town wise Primary Census Abstract. Both the Parts have been published in separate volumes in 2011 Census.

14 BRIEF HISTORY OF THE DISTRICT

The Travelogues by Pliny (23-79 AD), Periplus (1st Century AD), Ptolemy (150 AD), Yuan Chwang (7th Century), Arab Merchants like Khurdabeh (844-848 AD) and Sulaiman (851 AD), Marco Polo (13th Century) and Ibn Batuta (1342-47) provide excellent description of the life and culture of the people of Malabar. The accounts of the Portuguese, the Dutch and the British administrators also give an insight into the vivid features of this region. The ancient Tamil Works like Patittupattu, Agananuru, Purananuru, Chilappathikaram, etc., provide valuable data on Sangam age which covers the first few centuries of AD.

According to Sangam Literature, the present Kannur District formed part of Poozhinad (which extended from to ) and Karkanad (which covered Wayanad-Gudalore area). During Sangam Age this region was administered by the Kings with Ezhimala as the Capital of the King- dom. Of the rulers of the Ezhimala Kingdom, Nannan was the most illustrious ruler under whom it reached the zenith of glory. He brought Wayanad, Gudalore and northern parts of Coimbatore under his control. Following these victories he made several endeavours to expand his territory. Nannan’s victorious career ended in his defeat. He was killed by Narmudicheral, a Chera ruler, in the Battle of Vakaiperumthurai. With this, Poozhinad came under the sway of Cheras. The later history of the Ezhimala Kingdom has gone into obscurity.

Very little is known of the Post-Sangam period covering the three centuries, sixth to eighth. It is believed that the Mushaka Kings, the descendants of Nannan, were ruling this area when Chalukyas (543- 755) and Mahakulas (598-610) made some successful conquest in North Kerala.

Early in the ninth century when Cheras re-established their political power in Kerala, the South- East part of Kannur District formed a part of the Chera Empire. The remaining portion of the district was under Mushaka Dynasty. King Sreekantha of the Mushaka Dynasty ruled this region towards the end of the 11th century.

By the fourteenth century the Mushaka Kingdom took the name Kolathunad and its ruler was styled as . The earliest reference to this kingdom is seen in the Travelogues of Marco Polo who visited Kerala towards the end of the 13th century. He describes the Kingdom of Eli, which is identical with Kolathunad. The jurisdiction of the kingdom extended from the in the north to the Korappuzha in the south and from Kutakumala in the east to the Sea in the west. At one time the principalities of , , and Kadathanad formed part of Kolathunad. The famous rulers of this dynasty were Raaghava, Kerala Verma and Udaya Varman. At that time Kannur town and adjoining areas were under the control of Arackkal Rajas. The had to accept the suzerainty of of Kozhikode, consequent on the incidence, which led to the love, elopement and matrimonial alliance of a prince of Kolathunad with a princess of the royal family of . In the period of Kolathiris, Kottayam Rajas acquired supremacy over the territory on the south-eastern tract of the present district. This royal house was divided into 3 branches, the eastern, the southern and the western. Of these the first two branches had their seat at Kottayam.

The political history of the district came into limelight in the 15th century. The voyage of Vasco Da Gama, the famous Portuguese Navigator during the close of the 15th century is an important landmark in the . His contact with the Kolathiris in August 1498 at the latter’s invitation made it possible for him to have informal agreements on trade with Portugal. In 1505, the Portuguese established Kannur Fort and called it as St. Angelo’s Fort. The Portuguese could not sustain their influence for more than 150 years. Their fanatic policies against the local people made them very unpopular.

The next foreign power which entered into the political field was the Dutch. They captured Fort St. Angelo’s from the Portuguese in February 1663 and signed a treaty with Kolathiris on March 20, 1663. The Dutch followed a policy of religious tolerance.

15 The Mysorean invasion was another important event in the history of Kannur. In 1766 Haider Ali’s Forces attacked the palace of Kolathiri at Chirakkal and took possession of it. Later Haider appointed Prince Regent of Kolathunad as his representative to rule . At the instance of Haider, Prince of Kolathunad assisted the French in retaining Mahe. But later when Haider’s Forces were defeated by the British, the Local Chieftains of North Kerala gained confidence to resist Haider and overrun his garrisons in the region. Haider passed away in December 1782 and his son Tippu ascended Kannur and entered into a treaty with Arackkal Bibi. In the next year the British signed a treaty with Tippu at by which they gave up their supremacy over the rulers of Malabar. Due to his unpopular policies people rose in revolt against Tippu. In 1789 Tippu came to Malabar for a second time and Local Chieftains and their followers took asylum in the Fort. When Tippu was defeated by the British at Srirangapatanam in 1782, the whole of Malabar except Wayanad was ceded to the British. Thus the present Kannur District became a part of British Territory by the end of 18th century. The Mysorean invasions had resulted in political, social and economic changes. These attacks shattered the feudal system prevailing in this region and introduced a new system of governance of landed properties. Politically Malabar was divided into Northern and South- ern administrative divisions and the headquarters of northern division was established at Thalassery. Malabar became a separate district in on 21st May, 1800 and Major Maclaod took charge as the first Principal Collector on 1st October, 1801.

The history of the district is interwoven with the history of freedom struggle of North Kerala launched against the British by the heroic personality of Kerala Varma Raja, known as . The first Pazhassi Revolt (1793-97) and the second revolt (1800-05) were memorable movements organised by a man of superb ability and amazing popularity. Though Pazhassi was defeated by the British, his struggle later inspired the freedom movement. As a part of the national movement for freedom and independence a branch of the All India Home Rule League was established at Thalassery in 1916.

The important political events of the district, which made indelible political events of the freedom movement, were the Third Political Conference (1923) at Thalassery, the Fourth All Kerala Conference at Payyannur (1928), Salt Satyagraha at Payyannur Beach (April 21, 1930) and subsequent arrest of Kelappan followed by agitations, North Malabar District Conference (June 15, 1932), Civil Disobedience Movements during 1932-34, rise of Muslim League and Communist Party (1937) and Quit India Movement (1942). The impact of these movements had their influence on the polity of Kerala. When States Reorganisation Act of 1956 was implemented Malabar became a part of newly formed Kerala State on November 1st, 1956. On 1st January, 1957 three new districts, namely, Kannur, Kozhikode and Palghat were formed out of Malabar District. Along with the formation of districts, taluks were also reorganised. The erstwhile was bifurcated into Kasaragod and Hosdurg taluks, Chirakkal Taluk into Kannur and taluks and Wayanad Taluk into North Wayanad and South Wayanad taluks. Kottayam Taluk was renamed as Thalassery Taluk. Kannur District was formed consisting of Kasaragod, Hosdurg, Taliparamba, Kannur, Thalassery, North Wayanad and South Wayanad taluks. South Wayanad Taluk was transferred to in 1957. After formation of in 1980, Kannur District remained with five taluks namely Kasaragod, Hosdurg, Taliparamba, Kannur, and Thalassery. In 1984, when was formed, the two northern taluks of Kasaragod and Hosdurg were taken away.

Kannur was known as Cannanore, the anglicised form of the Malayalam word till 1991 Census. The present Kannur District is bound on the north by of Kasaragod District, in the east by State and on the southern boundaries by Taluk of Wayanad, Vadakara Taluk of Kozhikode and Mahe of Pondicherry. On the west lies the Lakshadweep Sea.

16 ANALYTICAL NOTE

i) PHYSICAL FEATURES

Natural Region The Natural Regions of the State are based on the Regional Classifications designed by the Census Organisation. According to the classification, the whole Country is divided into 4 Macro Regions viz., (i) the Northern Mountains, (ii) the Great Plains, (iii) the Deccan Plateau and (iv) the Coastal Plains and Islands. Kerala belongs to the 4th Macro Region – ‘The Coastal Plains and Islands’, which is again divided into 4 Meso Regions. Of the 4 Meso Regions Kerala falls under the Western Coastal Region which covers the coastal tract from Maharashtra to Kerala State. The Meso Region is further divided into 6 Micro Regions. The entire State of Kerala falls into three such Micro Regions viz., (i) North Kerala Coast, (ii) Central Kerala Coast and (iii) South Kerala Coast. Kannur District falls in the North Kerala Coast. Each Micro Region is further divided into Sub-micro Regions on the basis of topography, geology, soils, climate and natural vegetation.

Kannur District falls under four such Sub-micro Regions viz. (i) Kannur Coast, (ii) - Mattannur Undulating Upland, (iii) Taliparamba-Koothuparamba plain and (iv) Kannoth Forested Hills. The regional divisions constituting Kannur District is depicted in the chart given in the next page:

17 REGIONAL DIVISIONS OF KERALA

KANNUR DISTRICT

INDIA

Macro Region

(i) The Northern (ii) The Great Plains (iii) The Deccan Plateau (iv) The Coastal Plains Mountains & Islands

Meso Region

Gujarath Coastal Western Coastal Eastern Coastal Region The Islands Planes Region

Micro Region

Maharashtra Karnataka North Kerala Central Kerala South Kerala Littoral Coast Coast Coast Coast Coast

Kannur Sub - Micro Region

Cannanore Peringome-Mattannur Taliparamba Kannoth Forested Coast Undulating Upland Koothuparamba Plain Hills

18 Location and size

With the district Kasaragod in the North, in the East (Coorg District of Karnataka State), the Lakshadweep Sea in the West and Mahe, Kozhikode and Wayanad districts in the South, Kannur District is bound by a wealth of natural beauty.

Kannur District lies between latitudes 11º 40' to 12º 48' North and longitudes 74º 52' to 75º 56' east.

Area

The total area of the district is 2961sq.kms. Kannur ranks the 6th in the State among the districts in area. Physiography

i) Cannanore Coast

This region lies as a narrow coastal strip on the western side of the district and cutting longitudinally and all taluks of the district. The central tract is generally flat except the rocky cliff near Ezhimala (260 m.) and in certain isolated pockets in the northern coast and around Thalassery Coast. Lateritic Cliffs of Pre-Cambrian Age are found here. ii) Peringome - Mattannur Undulating Upland

This region is bound by Kasaragod Table-Land in the North, Karnataka State in the East, Kannoth Forested Hills in the South and Taliparamba-Koothuparamba Plain and Cannanore Coast in the West. This region has undulating terrain with number of isolated hills. The differentiation of heights and its recurring character explain for the plantation surfaces of different ages. This phenomenon has been conformed by the cross profiles drawn. The maximum height (933 m.) is recorded at Desom of Eruvassy Village of . The 100 m. contour which reveals the minimum height occurs mostly over the western portion. The terrain slopes towards west. iii) Taliparamba – Koothuparamba Plain This region is bound on the North and East by Peringome-Mattannur Undulating Upland, on the South by Kozhikode District and on the West by Kannur Coastal Plain. This rolling plain gently slopes towards west. The maximum height (159 m.) lies in its southern tip at the Kolavelloor Desom of Kolavelloor Village of Thalassery Taluk and its minimum height (63 m.) lies at Desom of Pattuvam Village of Taliparamba Taluk. This area has large number of lateritic mesa especially around Taliparamba area. Subdued lateritic hills occur here and there, apart from the isolated hills like Ezhimala. The development of flood plains as well as river terraces is planked by moderate slopes. The undulating topography is quite evident over Thalassery area which is drained by the Ancharakandy, the Thalassery and the Mahe Rivers. iv) Kannoth Forested Hills This region is bound on the north by the Peringome-Mattannur Undulating Upland, on the east by Karnataka State, on the south by Wayanad and Kozhikode Districts and on the west by the Taliparamba – Koothuparamba Plain. Its steep slope area borders the Wayanad Plateau and there is a sudden drop in gradient within a short distance. The maximum height of this region is 1,047 m. located at Desom of Cheruvanchery Village of Thalassery Taluk. The 100 m. contour line, which reveals its minimum height, runs along its western border. This region forms the catchment area of the River, the Aralampuzha, the Bavalipuzha and the Anjarakandy Rivers. The river originating from the ridgelines along the border of the Wayanad Plateau plunge down to the mid-land forming deep gorges.This region slopes towards the

19 west. Occasional landslides are the feature of the region during monsoons.

Mountains

The mountains are a continuation of the midland region, gradually ascending to the main ridge of the Western Ghats. The highest peak of this district is Veidalmala/ of Taliparamba taluk with a height of 1371.60 metres (4500 feet). Mount Eli or Ezhimala is a conspicuous isolated hill with a height of 260.60 metres (855 feet) projecting into the Lakshadweep Sea. It is an important landmark for mariners from old times. There are wooded hills on the eastern side of Thalassery Taluk.

Veidalmala/Paithalmala Drainage

Rivers Kannur District is endowed with a fine river system. Except for a few minor ones, most of the rivers are perennial and provide good scope for irrigation and for controlling floods through minor irrigation works. The names, places of origin and the length of the rivers in kilometers are given below:

Sl.No. Name of River Place of origin Length in Kms.

Total Navigable 1 Ramapuram Village. 19 6 2 Kuppam (Mattool) Padinalkad Forests. 71 24 3 Valapattanam Brahmagiri Ghats. 113 45 4 Ancharakandy Kannoth Forests. 64 27 5 Thalassery (Ponniyam) Kannoth Forests. 29 22 6 Mahe Wayanad Ghats. 55 24

The important rivers having a length of 50 km. and above are the Valapattanam, the Kuppam, the Ancharakandy and the Mahe Rivers. The , the longest river in the district originates from the Brahmagiri Ghats located about 15 km. north of Mananthavady (in Wayanad District) passes through the villages of , Edakkunnam, Perumanna, and and joins the Lakshadweep Sea about 10 km. north of Kannur at Azhikkal. It has total catchment area of 1191 sq.km. of which 528 sq.km. is in Karnataka State. The main tributaries of the Valapattanam River are Valiapuzha and Aralampuzha.

20 The Kuppam (Mattool) River originates from the Padinalkad Ghat reserve forest in the of Karnataka State and flows westward through Thadikkadavu, Kooveri and Taliparamba and joins the Valapattanam River. It has a catchment area of 536 sq.km. The Ancharakandy River originates from Kannoth Forests in Thalassery Taluk and passes through , and Vemmanal before it joins the Lakshadweep Sea at Moithupalam. It has a catchment area of 113 sq.km. The Mahe River also known as Mayyazhipuzha, originates from the Wayanad Ghats and passes through Mananthavady Taluk of Wayanad District, Vadakara Taluk of Kozhikode District and Thalassery Taluk before it joins the Lakshadweep Sea at Mahe about 6 km. south of Thalassery. It has a catchment area of about 233 sq.km. Most of the rivers are navigable. The Valapattanam River has the longest navigable length of 113km followed by the river Ancharakandy. Because of the peculiar topography, bulk of the rain water, which is the only source of ground water recharge, escapes as run off. Only 10 per cent of the total rainfall can be considered as contributing to recharge. It was observed that the water found in the wells is of good quality and could be used for domestic, industrial and irrigation purposes. Preliminary studies indicate that ground water resources of the coastal sandy tract are fairly good for development, whereas, in the laterite covered areas it was very limited. Climate The district has humid climate with oppressive hot season from March to the end of May. This is followed by the South-West Monsoon which continues till the end of September. October and November form the post monsoon or retreating monsoon season. The north-east monsoon, which follows, extends up to the end of February, although the rain generally ceases after December. During the months of April and May, the mean daily maximum temperature is about 35 °C. Temperature is low in December and January and the minimum temperature is about 20 °C. On certain days the night temperature may go down to 16 °C, although this is extremely rare. The annual average rainfall is 3438 mm and more than 80 per cent of it occurs during the period of South-West monsoon. The rainfall during July is very heavy and the district receives 68 per cent of the annual rainfall during this season. Rainfall During the period 2007-2010 the annual average rainfall is 3490 mm. More than 80 per cent of this rain occurs during the period of south-west monsoon. The rainfall received during June and July is heavy when compared to the other periods in the year. The following table gives a clear picture of the rainfall in the District and the State.

Actual and normal rainfall (in mm.) with percentage departures from normal rainfall from July to June of each year

2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011

State/District Actual Actual Actual Actual Normal Normal Normal Normal % departure % departure % departure % departure Kerala State 3428.4 3097.1 10.7 2333.3 3097.1 -24.7 3068.7 3097.1 -0.9 3259.8 3016.8 8.1 Kannur District 3939.7 3373.5 16.8 2657.7 3373.5 -21.2 3706.9 3373.5 9.9 3657.7 3335.6 9.7 Source: Agricultural Statistics for the years 2007-08,08-09,09-10 and 10-11 published by Department of Economics & Statistics,Govt. of Kerala.

21 The above table shows that the actual rainfall recieved for Kannur District was more than normal rainfall during the period 2007, 2009 and 2010. During 2008, the district received 21.2 per cent less than the normal rainfall. During the period from 2007 to 2010, Kannur District has received more rainfall than the state average. It is noteworthy that in 2007 -08 the district had received 3940 mm. rainfall which was the maximum rainfall during 2007-2011.

Monthly Rainfall of the district (in mm.) during the years 2007 - 2011. Month/ Annual 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 1 2 3 4 5 July 1115.9 483.6 1456.5 959.6 August 783.8 480.3 299.5 511 September 595.6 396.4 320.4 269.3 October 315.1 392.5 200.3 345.7 November 72.3 3 306.8 338.1 December 0.2 9.8 48.7 2.3 January 0 0 19.1 0 February 0.5 0 0 0 March 250.2 0 9.4 0 April 23.7 97.2 65.3 90.4 May 56.6 169.6 137 47.3 June 725.8 625.3 843.9 1094 Annual 3939.7 2657.7 3706.9 3657.7 Source: Agricultural Statistics for the years 2007-08, 08-09, 09-10 and 10-11 published by Department of Economics & Statistics A cursory glance of the above table shows that Kannur has been receiving maximum rainfall either during June or July. In the period under reference (2007-2010) the months of January, February and March are almost dry except in the year 2010 when the district received 19.1 mm. rainfall during January. The maximum rainfall was recorded in the month of July, 2009. Forests

The most common forests in Kannur District are the tropical moist deciduous forests, the peculiarity of which is that the trees shed their leaves in summer. They are found at an elevation of less than 750 metres with an annual rainfall of 2000 mm. The trees grow up to a height of 36 metres. Bamboo, Teak, Rosewood, Maruthu, etc. are found here. Tropical Semi-Evergreen Forests are found in some parts of Kannoth and . These forests are generally situated at an elevation of 750 metres above sea level. Tropical Wet Evergreen Forests are found in a small area in Kannoth and Kottiyoor. These forests exist at an elevation of 1200 metres above sea level where the annual rainfall is over 2000 mm.

The forest in the district comes under Kannur Forest Division. The total forest area coming under Kannur is 295.52 sq.km. Major forest trees are Sandalwood, Rosewood, Teak, Vallapine, Irul, Poovam, Chadachis, Maruthu, Anjily, Vayana, Mylellu, Neeli, Vellakil, Cheeralam, Kambakam, Vaka, Karakil, Varangu, Manimaruthu, Pali, Mullan, etc. Flora and Fauna

Kannur District is very rich in vegetation. Natural vegetation, except in some coastal regions, consists of different types of forests. But vegetation is not uniform throughout the villages in the district in spite of favourable climatic conditions. In restricted regions, with their own micro climate or special edaphic

22 features, plant formations assume different characters. Thus plant communities, ranging from psammophytes and mangroves to evergreen forests are seen in this district. The coastal region is a comparatively narrow zone, characterised by secondary soil which is rather loose and sandy. The sterile sandy tract supports only poor vegetation of the psammophyte type. Plants are few and mostly prostrate. Erect species are small and short. Owing to very poor water holding capacity of the soil, these plants are provided with special xerophytic adaptations. Another conspicuous feature of this area is the Mangrove Vegetation, found at the estuaries of rivers and backwaters and often extending to the interior along their banks. Human interference has much changed the vegetation of the coastal region.

Kandalkadu (Mangroves) at Valapattanam river bed Major part of the district comes under midland region with numerous hills and dales and it presents an undulating surface gradually ascending and merging into the slopes of the Western Ghats. Soil is secondary and lateritic with underlying rock of laterite or disintegrated gneiss. Typical flora of this area is deciduous forest consisting of a mixture of evergreen and deciduous trees. Undergrowth consists of a variety of annuals and perennials. The mountains are a continuation of the midland region, gradually ascending to the main ridge of the Western Ghats. Soil in the western slopes is a ferrugenous red, sandy loam. Vegetation over the whole area is of the forest type. Irregular distribution of teak, localised areas of bamboo dominance, change of good quality forest into open grasslands, etc., are characteristics of this area. Sambar, the fastest Deer, is seen in some forest areas. Wild Boars are also seen in the forest. Geology Geologically, Kannur Coast Region is of recent bed-soil alluvium. Peringome – Mattannur Undulating Upland is of Charnockite bed with the intrusion of ridge of Dharwar Group. A small portion is of Quilon and Warkalai bed of Miocene Age in the eastern part. The northern portion of Taliparamba – Koothuparamba Plain has Quilon and Warkalai bed of Miocene Age. The rest of the area has charnockite bed except in its south-west portion where a small area falls under chordierite gneiss or other unclassified crystallines. Kannoth Forested Hills is full of charnockite bed with the intrusion of Dharwar Group. Minerals and Mining China Clay is found in abundance in Taliparamba and Kannur Taluks of Kannur District. The resources are not fully utilised in the district. The district is endowed with rich deposits of clay. Various types are mined at many places for pottery, tile and ceramic industries. The most important areas where clay has been found are Pattuvam, Korom, Perumba and . Good quality Kaolin occurs below the lateriate capping around and Taliparamba.

23 There are a number of tile manufacturing centres along the coastal areas. Laterite is quarried for bricks throughout the district on a small scale to meet the local demand. Extensive quarrying is done in Kambil, Kalliasseri and areas.The horizons of lignite are noted in the cliff section at Kannur Coast, and Meenkunnu Beach. Sands containing Ilmenites, Monazite, Zircon, Thorianite occur along the coast, especially to the south of the Valapattanam River Mouth and near Azhikode. Other minerals discovered are Sillimanite near Chandirukunnu, Graphite near Payyavur, and minor bands of Iron Ore near Railway Station. Many occurrences of Bauxite deposits have been brought to light in the district at , Korom, Payyavur and Pattuam near Taliparamba. Limeshells used for the manufacture of white cement and for industrial purposes is found in the Backwaters of the River, the Dharmadompuzha, the Ancharakandy River around Thalassery and Dharmadam as well as Valapattanam River in the east of Azhikkal Ferry. Tenancy

The important land tenures prevailing in the district before the enactment of the Kerala Land Reform Act, 1963, were Jenman, Inam, Anubhogam, Adima, Kanam, Kuzhikanam, Customary Verumpattam, Kudiyiruppu, Cultivating Verumpattom, Ulkudi, Protected Ulkudi, Mulgeni, Chalgeni, Arwar, Illidarwar, Vaidegeni, Netticut and Kumri, etc. The Land Reforms Act which was a landmark in the history of agrarian reforms of the Country and the State and the subsequent amendments in 1966, 1969, 1971 and 1972 helped the tenants to become owners of tenancy land. A number of landless agricultural labourers became holders of land. Based on the Land Reforms Act and subsequent amendments, the implementation of ceiling on holding and distribution of surplus land came into force from early 1970. The ceiling area was fixed as 5 standard acres in the case of an adult unmarried person or a family consisting of a single surviving member and 10 acres for a family consisting of two or more members. A family is not allowed to hold more than 20 acres in any case. Certain plantations were exempted from ceiling limits. Surplus lands were taken over by the government and distributed to landless poor, preference being given to Scheduled Castes and Sched- uled Tribes. A notable impact of these reforms was the reduction in the number of landless agricultural households and the elimination of absentee landlordism.

Soils

Kannur coast Major Soil is sandy alluvium of recent deposit, which is technically classified as orthents-udalfs, fluvents-tropepts. Psamments-Aquents-Sandy alluvial soils of deposits are formed due to the influence of water. Peringome–Mattannur Undulating Upland The major soil is fluvents-tropepts, which include lateritic soil. The Riverine Alluvium Soil developed along the river valley cuts across the lateritic soil, which varies in surface texture ranging from sandy loam to clay. It is fertile with having high water holding capacity. In the eastern portion it has Udalfs-tropepts. It includes forest loam. Taliparamba- Plains This region has Orthents psamments-aquents i.e. alluvial soil of recent origin formed due to the influence of water.

Kannoth Forested Hills The soil mainly is Fluvents-tropepts. In its eastern portion it has Forest Loam. The upper layer is highly enriched with organic matter but poor in bases.

24 Land and Land Use Patterns

As per Report on Agricultural statistics, 2010-11, Kannur District has an area of about 2971 sq.km. It accounts for 7.62 percentage of the total area of the State (38863 Sq Kms). The composition of the geographical features is given below.

Classification of Area on the basis of Land Utilisation

Sl.No. Type of Land Area(Sq.km.) 1 Total Geographical Area 2971 2 Forest 487.34 3 Land put to non agricultural use 298.58 4 Barren&Uncultivable Land 17.95 5 Permanent Pastures&other grazing land 0 6 Land Under misc.tree crops 2.06 7 Cultivable waste 62.85 8 Fallow other than current fallow 30.46 9 Current fallow 0 10 Marshy Land 0.96 11 Still Water 62.61 12 Water Logged Area 3.91 13 Social Forestry 0.73 14 Net area sown 2003.67 15 Area sown more than once 104.84 16 Total cropped Area 2108.51 Source: Report on Agricultural Statistics, 2010-11, Department of Economics & Statistics, Kerala

The land use area is classified as (i) Forests, (ii) Land put to non-agriculture uses, (iii) Barren and Uncultivable Land, (iv) Permanent Pastures and Other Grazing Lands, (v) Land under miscellaneous tree crops, (vi) Cultivable Waste, (vii) Fallows other than current fallows, (viii) Current fallows, (ix) marshy land,(x) still water (xi) water logged area , (xii) social forestry (xiii) Net area sown and (xiv) Area sown more than once. According to agricultural statistics for 2010-11, the data on land use pattern of the district reveals that forest occupies around 16.4 per cent. In view of the high density of population, the pressure for non- agricultural use is increasing. Agriculture The district has all the common characteristics of the State. Extended coastal line, hilly regions with predominance of agriculture and midland are the peculiarities of the district. The main contribution for the economy of the district comes from agriculture. Majority of the population of the district is directly or indirectly dependent on agriculture for their livelihood. In percapita income, the district ranks 9th in the declining trend during the last five years. Rice production in the District is 2.5 percentage of total rice production of the State during the year 2010-11. Rice production in summer season is negligible. Black pepper, , banana, plantain and rubber are contributed considerable share in the agricultural income in the District. The table on the next page shows the production of rice in Kannur District.

25 Season-wise production of Rice during the period 2000-2011

Year Autumn Winter Summer Total Area (in ha.) Production Area (in ha.) Production Area (in ha.) Production Area (in ha.) Production (in tonnes) (in tonnes) (in tonnes) (in tonnes)

2001-02 5915 10557 4703 8392 369 514 10987 19463 2002-03 6369 11911 4636 8455 318 428 11323 20794 2003-04 5287 10147 3983 6169 191 202 9461 16518 2004-05 4877 9257 4107 7692 118 149 9102 17098 2005-06 5302 9980 3839 7314 82 89 9223 17383 2006-07 4602 8733 4142 8522 99 120 8843 17375 2007-08 3470 6321 3641 7601 12 189 7123 14111 2008-09 3723 6541 3808 6904 118 192 7649 13637 2009-10 4098 7843 2924 5843 108 157 7130 13843 2010-11 3054 6536 3177 6530 108 242 6339 13308 Source: Statistics for Planning, 2005 & 2009 and Agricultural Statistics for the years 2007-08, 08-09, 09-10 and 10-11 published by Department of Economics & Statistics, Govt. of Kerala

The production pattern of rice during last 10 years as revealed in the above table shows that the production of rice is steadily declining in the district. The district witnessed sharp decline in production of rice during 2001-11 in which period the production has reduced to 13308 tonnes from 19463 tonnes. The maximum production was recorded during 2002-03.

Paddy occupies the largest area among annual crops. The first crop of paddy is mostly a wet land crop and it covers slightly more than the area under the second crop and four times the area under the summer crop. Under high-yielding variety programme, substantial increase in paddy production has been achieved, even though the percentage of area sown under paddy is decreasing year after year due to conversion of paddy fields for other purposes. The following table shows the important crops with area, production and productivity in the year 2010-11. Important Crops with Area during 2010-2011 Crops Area covered ( in hectares) 1 2 Paddy 6339 Pulses 226 Sugar Crops 77 Pepper 9569 Ginger 77 Turmeric 95 Cardamom 128 Areacanut 11666 Tamarind 644 Vanilla 52 Cloves 16 Nutmeg 236 Jack 7273 Mango 6750 Banana 2372

26 Important Crops with Area during 2010-2011 (Contd…) Crops Area covered ( in hectares) 1 2 Plantain 3211 Pineapple 132 Pappaya 1802 Other Fresh Fruits 917 Cashew 17295 76917 Tapioca 1819 Tubers 590 Vegetables 2628 Rubber 44780 Source: Report on Agricultural Statistics, 2010-11, Department of Economics & Statistics, Kerala

Another important cash crop grown in the district is cashew nut. The district plays a major role in its cultivation and production. Vast stretches of suitable wastelands with low fertility status extend scope for expansion of cashew cultivation and allied industries. Among spices, pepper occupies an important place covering an area of 9569 hectares. Pepper is mostly grown as an inter-crop with coconut, arecanut and various fruit trees. In the hilly areas of the district, the inter-cultivation is done with rubber and cashew. It is also grown in the homestead of marginal farmers. The production of rice in the district during 2010-11 was 13308 tonnes while that of the State was 522738 tonnes. The contribution of the district towards rice production of the State is only 2.5 per cent. Coconut plantation spreads over 76917 hectares in 2010-11 wherein in 2000-01 it was 96975 hectares. Coconut is extensively grown throughout the district. Paddy is grown in the district over 6339 hectares in 2010-11 whereas in 2000-01 it was 6926 hectares. Production of coconut in 2010-11 is 529 million nuts. The second largest cultivation is of rubber, which is cultivated nearly 44780 hectares of the district and production was 61110 tonnes during 2010-11, which was 7.9 per cent of the State production (770580 tonnes). Rubber is the most important industrial cash crop among the plantation crops. In 2000-01 area under rubber was 33944 hectares. Cashew is cultivated in an extent of 17295 hectares of land and production during the year is 22522 tonnes. Agricultural Marketing Co-operatives The cropping pattern of Kerala is dominated by export-oriented cash crops, the production of which is largely concentrated in the small farm sector. Organized marketing support is critically important. In the context of the severe competition, which the Kerala’s commodities have to face in the international market, the co-operatives in Kerala have to enlarge their area of activities and expand coverage. The main agencies functioning in the Co-operative Sector for marketing of agricultural produce are MARKETFED, RUBBERMARK, RUBCO, CAMPCO, RAIDCO and KERAFED. Central State Farm at The Central State Farm located at Aralam about 60 kms. from Kannur Town, is a unit of the State Farmers Corporation of India Limited, New Delhi under the Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India. The main objective of starting this farm in 1971 was for large scale production of seeds and planting materials of all important plantations and horticultural crops of Kerala and Neighbouring States. The farm is one of the main centres of production of hybrid coconut seeds in the country. Pepper Research Station at Panniyur The Institution is located in the Hilly Terrain, six kilometres away from Taliparamba on the Taliparamba-Alakode Route and it spreads over 25.55 hectares. Pepper Research Station, Panniyur, started

27 in 1952 as part of a scheme to improve pepper cultivation, was uplifted to the status of a research station under the Kerala Agricultural University in 1972. The station concentrates on crop improvement, crop management and crop protection aspects of black pepper. It is an important co-ordinating centre of the All India Co-ordinated Research Project on Spices of the ICAR. Besides research, nucleus planting materials of released varieties of black pepper, viz. Panniyur 1, Panniyur 2, Panniyur 3, Panniyur 4 and Panniyur 5 are also been distributed. Lead function is research on pepper. Research on various aspects of black pepper including production of new high-yielding varieties, is being conducted here. It has developed the first ever hybrid pepper in the world and has named it Panniyur. The station is well known for its production of rooted cuttings. The highest germplasm collection of about 900 accessions of pepper vines is maintained in the research station. Brown’s Plantation at Ancharakandy Asia’s largest Plantation of Cinnamon, the famous Brown’s Plantation, is situated at Ancharakandy near Thalassery. It has an area of nearly 500 acres. The plantation was started by the English East India Company in 1767. Spices like pepper, nutmeg, clove and cinnamon were cultivated here but finally only cinnamon alone flourished. The Regional Agro Industrial Development Co-operative of Kerala The Regional Agro Industrial Development Co-operative of Kerala better known as the RAIDCO was started in 1972 with its headquarters at Kannur and jurisdiction confined to Kannur District only. In 1973, it was converted as a Regional Co-operative. In 1992, it was elevated as a State Level Co-operative. The aim of RAIDCO is to cater to the needs of farmers in agricultural machinery and implement and assist them in new ventures in the co-operative sector. Irrigation

Kannur District has 16,835 hectares under irrigation, which is 3.24 per cent of the gross irrigated area in the State. In terms of total area under irrigation, Kannur District ranks last among districts in the State. Well density per sq.km. is 160 in coastal area, 90 in midland area and 48 in highland area and it is estimated that there are 1.59 lakh wells in Kannur District. Only five per cent of the ground water potential is utilised at present for irrigation. There are about 8609 minor irrigation schemes consisting of lift irrigation, wells and tanks in the district. The district does not have any major or medium irrigation scheme in operation. Of the two irrigation projects viz. Pazhassi and , Pazhassi Project, is a medium project, expected to irrigate 16,299 hectares of land and has been completed. Animal Husbandry

Cattle Wealth is of considerable importance to the people of the district whose main occupation is agriculture. Animal Husbandry assumes greater importance because it is a venture helping to create more Mandays in the production region with profitability and to generate increased production through the least use of land. In Kannur District, as in other parts of the State, bullocks and male buffaloes are used for agricultural work on the fields and cows and female buffaloes are reared for breeding and milk production. In rural parts of the district, more importance is attached to the draught animals and in the towns to the milk animals. The Livestock Population in the District as per the Livestock Census, 2007 are given below:

28 Livestock Population in the year 2007 1 2 3 Livestock 1 Cattle 119144 2 Buffalo 733 3 Goat 88941 4 Pig 4031 Total 212851 Poultry 5 Fowls 513509 6 Ducks 4689 7 Others 10734 Total 528932 Source: Livestock Census 2007 published by Directorate of Animal Husbandry As compared to Livestock Census of 1996, cattle population in the district has declined from 252,130 in 1996 to 119144 in 2007. There is 52.74 per cent decline in cattle population during 1996-2007. The Buffalo population in the district during 2003 census was 1119 and it declined to 733 during the 2007 recording 34 per cent. The following table shows the number of various institutions related to Animal Husbandry as on 31-3-2011.

Institutions under Animal Husbandry Department in Kannur as on 31.3.2011 Sl.No Institution Numbers 1 District Veterinary Centre 1 2 Veterinary Hospital 12 3 Veterinary Dispensary 72 4 Veterinary Poly Clinic 5 5 Regional Artificial Insementation Centre 4 6 Mobile Veterinary Dispensary 1 Total 95 Source:" Report on Integrated Sample Survey, 2010-11 " published by the Directorate of Animal Husbandry,

There is increase in the number of Veterinary Institutions in the district during the decade 2000- 2010. The number of Veterinary dispensaries has increased to 72. The only Regional Poultry Farm is located at Mundayad. There is a Goat Farm at Kommeri. The Broiler Farm at Mattannur is another Veterinary Institution in the district. The only Mobile Veterinary Hospital is functioning at Kannur. Artificial Insemination Units are functioning at Iritty, Kommeri, Payyannur and Kannur. Milk Production The genetic upgradation attained through the Artificial Insemination Programme launched by the State with the support of Frozen Semen Technology has helped it to attain increase in milk production.

29 Milk produced in the district is not however enough to meet its domestic demand. Traditionally milk and curd have been brought from State. Milk is also brought from other Co-operative Societies of other districts of the State. There are about 172 milk Co-operative Societies in Kannur District. MILMA has pasteurization plant at Puzhathi with a capacity of 10,000 liters of milk and a chilling plant at Thundiyil with a capacity of 2,000 liters of milk. Kannur Dairy under Kannur Co-operative Milk Marketing Federation has a handling capacity of 10,000 liters per day. The following table shows the performance record of Kannur Dairy during 2008 to 2010. Record of performance of the Diary under Kannur Co-operative Milk Marketing Federation during 2008-2010

Year Procurement (in Lakh Litres) Sales (in Lakh Litres)

2008 517.29 327.81 2009 235.89 381.95 2010 149.8 374.39 Total 902.98 1084.15 Source: Economic Review, State Planning Board

According to a report on integrated sample survey conducted by the Animal Husbandry Department in 2010, the District produced 129222 tonnes of milk. During 1996 the District produced only 86195 tonnes of milk. The production of milk has increased by nearly 50 percent during 1996-2010. The production of milk in the district is less than the State average. The per capita availability of milk is 149 grams while the require- ment per head is 280 grams.

Fisheries

Kannur District has a very important place in the fisheries map of Kerala. It has an 82 km. coastline from Kavvayil in the North to Kurichiyil in the South. It is only 14 per cent of the total coast line of the State. The area of continental shelf in the district is 5912 sq.km. This area is very suitable for fishing using nets. The annual procurement of fish per head is 386.46 kilograms. During 2008-2010, the average annual production of fish in the district was 24206 metric tonnes. It was only 3.86 per cent of the total fish production of the State. Several rivers like Valapatanam and Ancharakandy and their tributaries, swamps, irrigation tanks, paddy fields and household tanks offer vast potential for fisheries development in the Inland Sector. The inshore water of the district have immense potential for fishing, especially for the commercially important varieties such as Oil Sardines (Mathichala), Mackerel (Ayila), Prawns (Chemmeen) and Silver Bellies (Mullan).

Formerly indigenous methods which were employed only big, medium and small size country crafts, nets and lines for fishing. Since the last few decades, mechanised fishing has become increasingly popular. However, the impact of mechanisation is yet to be felt. The Fishing Harbours at Valapattanam and Mappila Bay provide facilities to fishing crafts for launch- ing, landing, mooring, repairing, processing and marketing. Kavvayil, Palakkode, Puthiyangadi, Mattool, Azhikode, Azheekkal, Kannur City, , , Ezharakkadappuram, Gopalapetta and Thalassery are some of the important fishing centres. The three inland sector fishing villages are Kattampally, Andallur and Eranholi. The Government is successfully implementing many schemes with the co-operation of various agencies. The FFDA was established in the year 1986 to promote scientific fresh water fish culture in the districts by identifying fish forming areas reclamation of old and neglected ponds and construction of new ponds with financial assistance. Brackish Water Fish Farmer’s Development Agency (BWFFDA), established in 1990, promotes prawn farming activities in the distirct. Its affairs are managed by a Managing Committee under the Chairmanship of the District Collector. The MATYSYAFED (Fishermen

30 Co-operative) takes care of fishermen’s welfare. Its district office is at Kannur. The coastal fisheries belt is divided into 11 fisheries villages and each of such village has a Fishermen Welfare Society formed under KFWSA of 1980. Species-wise composition of marine fish landing in Kannur District for the period 2008 to 2010 is given in table 6 shown below.

Species Wise Composition of Marine Fish Landing in Kannur District during 2008-2010 (in tonnes)

Sl No Species 2008 2009 2010 1 2 3 4 5 1 Elasmobranchs 117 116 111 2 Chirocentrius 2 3 3 3 Oilsardines 4668 4649 4578 4 Lesser Sardines 939 937 910 5 Anchovilla 402 400 393 6 Trisocles 372 368 363 7 Other Culpeids 458 455 441 8 Saurid&Saurus 66 66 64 9 Hemirhamphus&Belone 10 10 10 10 Perches 1091 1085 1048 11 Sciniaenids 541 538 514 12 Ribbon Fish 678 676 650 13 Caranx 578 574 570 14 Chlorinemus 0 0 0 15 Other Carangids 733 729 702 16 Leiognathus 440 436 430 17 Lactrious 212 211 210 18 Pomfrets 68 68 69 19 Mackerel 2951 2932 2929 20 Seerfish 174 173 170 21 Tunnis 120 119 119 22 Sphyraena 16 16 16 23 Mugil 206 205 55 24 Soles 1034 1028 1015 25 Penaid Prawn 4165 4138 4058 26 Lobsters 26 26 25 27 Crabs 407 402 414 28 Cephalopodes 130 129 126 29 Miscellaneous 3883 3842 3808 Total 24487 24331 23801 Source: Kerala Marine Fisheries Statistics 2009, 2010 published by Department of Fisheries, Govt. of Kerala The fish landing contribution of the district during 2009-10 (23801 tonnes) is only 4.17 per cent of the State landing (570013 tonnes). The landing of marine fish in the district does not show much variation during the period 2008 to 2010. Species-wise composition of fish landing in Kannur District in the marine sector shows that the major landings during 2010 were common varieties of fish such as Oil Sardine, Mack- erel, Prawn etc. During 2008-2010 landing of speices like Oil Sardine, Prawn and Mackerel varieties of fish is more or less stable as is evident in the above table. The landing of Oil Sardine was 4578 lakh tonnes in the district, which comes to 2.97 per cent of the State landing (154136 tonnes). The landing of Mackerel (2929 tonnes) is 6.4 per cent of the State landing (45405 tonnes). In the case of Prawn, the landing was 4058 tonnes, which is 8.4 per cent of the State landing of 48401 tonnes.

31 Industry

Being blessed with a variety of factors such as good soil, salubrious climate, rich forests, enormous fishing potentials, minerals as well as infrastructural facilities like road, rail, inland water transport, etc. the district offers ample scope for the development of industries. Nevertheless, Kannur is an industrially backward district in the State. Keltron Complex, Managattuparamba and Western India Plywoods, Valapattanam are the two major industries in the district. The Western India Plywood is one of the biggest wood-based industrial complexes in South East Asia. The district has about 41 medium and large scale industries, most of which are Cotton Textiles, Plywood, Rubber products and Electrical Manufacturing Units.

Textiles, Beedi and Coir are the important traditional industries in the district. About one lakh people depend on the textile industry for livelihood. The textile industry which accounts for 40 per cent of all small scale units in the district was introduced in early 19th century by the German Basal Evangelical Mission. Available statistics shows from the industrial sector, 10478 industrial units registered under SSI/ MSME act in the District in the tune of total investment of 47615.4 lakhs and generated 48117 employment opportunities.

The Kerala Khadi and Village Industries Board is vested with the responsibility of organising, devel- oping and promoting Khadi and Village Industries in the district. The Khadi and Village Industries Commis- sion is extending financial assistance like loans for the development of Khadi and Village Industries

Handloom Handloom Industry is the most important and the largest in the district. The handloom clothes of Kannur have won international reputation. Kannur is known as the Land of Looms and Lores, because of the loom industries functioning in the district and ritualistic folk arts held in temples. The Hosiery Industry allied to the handloom and cotton textile sectors is one of the oldest and important branches of textile industry in this district. The first hosiery factory in Kerala was set up at Kannur by the German Basal Evangelical Mission at the close of the 19th century. Stiff competition from other States, non-availability of raw materials, high labour cost etc., have contributed to the present low level of production and closure of several hosiery units. There were 74 Handloom Weavers Co-operative Societies in the district. Kerala State Handloom Development Corporation, known as HANVEEV, has been functioning at Kannur since 1968. Handloom Training Institute was established in April, 1990. It conducts short term and long term training programmes on weaving, dyeing, designing and printing on handloom fabrics and on management. The Institute has a laboratory for testing new raw materials, consumables and finished handloom goods.

Details of industries of SSI/ MSME

Category Kannur Kerala SC 158 7992 ST 68 1589 No of SSI/MSME promoted by General 10252 196820 Total 10478 205987 Woman 2187 52294 Total investments (in lakhs) 47615.4 1083169 Value of goods and services produced (in lakhs) 94012.73 3715570 Employment generated (nos) 48117 1021162 Source:Panchayath Statistics, Kannur, DES 2011

32 Details of Industrial Co-operative Societies Category Kannur Kerala SC 35 449 Industrial co-operative ST 5 93 societies registered General 90 1113 during the 2011-12 Total 193 2466 Women 63 811 SC 9 134 ST 16 Total No. of working 1 General 265 societies 31.03.2012 51 Total 87 582 Women 26 167 Source: Panchayath Statistics, Kannur, DES, 2011

Transport

The district is well connected by road and rail. The nearest Airport within the State is Kozhikode. Kannur International Airport is an upcoming international airport located at in Kannur District. Roads The district is well connected through roads. The West Coast Road from Mahe to Talapady is the backbone of the road system in Kannur District. This is part of the National Highway. Thalassery-Coorg Road and Thalassery- Road are the other important roads. Kannur is connected to Kodagu, Mysore and in Karnataka through the Thalassery–Coorg–Mysore interstate highway. The National Highway- 17 (now known as NH-66) between Kozhikode and Mangalore passes through the district from Azhiyoor (near Mahe) to Karivellur. The length of NH-17 is 25.75 km. in Taliparamba Taluk, 42.50 kms. in and 12.50 km. in Thalassery Taluk. Other District Roads and Village Roads have been fully transferred to Local Self Government from 2005. In 2010 the district has a total length of 2.8 kms. of Cement Concrete Roads. The length of Black Topped Road is 1650.54 kms. and that of road with other types of materials used for surface is 44.52 kms.

Motor Vehicles

Motor Vehicles in the District during the period 2007-2010 Sl.No. Category 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 1 2 3 4 5 1 Goods Vehicles 21166 22909 24788 2 Buses 9115 9489 9842 3 Cars and Station Wagons including Taxies and Jeeps 45808 48088 62992 4 Three Wheelers 29054 31197 34131 5 Two Wheelers 123163 135047 149193 6 Others 2752 3029 4343 Total 231058 249759 285289 Source: Economic Review, State Planning Board

The total number of vehicles in the State is 4880059 during 2009-2010, while it is 285289 in the district. It is 5.8 per cent of the total number of vehicles in the State. The percentage increase of vehicles during the period 2008-2010 is 22.61 per cent in the district.

33 Railways

The Railway Line runs through Kannur District for 57 kms. starting from Jagannath Temple Gate Station in the South to the Payyannur station in the North. There are 13 Railway Stations in Kannur District.

The biggest Station in Kannur District is Kannur, the headquarters of the district. The Railway Station of Kannur was built in 1902. Thalassery and Payyannur are the other two major Stations in the district. This portion of the Railway Line is the Mangalore-Shornur Section of Division of the Southern Railway.

Airways

The nearest Airport within the State is Kozhikode. The Airports at Managalore in Karnataka State and Kozhikode are about 125 kms. away from Kannur. Construction activities of Kannur International Airport is in progress. The airport is the fourth international airport in Kerala. The in its order GO (MS) No.2/ 98/ Tran on 17 January 1998, accorded sanction for setting up Kannur International Airport and acquisition activities and construction activities are going on now with the intention to be made Seaports Thalassery, Kannur and Azhikkal are the Minor Ports in the district. Kannur is an Ancient Port. The nearest all weather seaport is Mangalore in Karnataka State. The Inland Water Transport System connecting Perumba and Taliparamba was constructed in 1766 by of Kannur. This 3.8 kms. long canal is known as the Sulthan’s Canal. The west flowing rivers are used for navigation. Electricity and Power There is no major Power Project in the district and the main source of electric power is the Kuttiadi Hydro Electric Project in Kozhikode District with an installed capacity of 75 MW. All the revenue villages in the district are electrified. However, low-tension electric lines are still to be extended to several remote pockets. There are four 110 KV Sub-Stations at Payyannur, Mangad, Mundayad, Thalassery and three 66 KV Sub-Stations at Koothuparamba, Nedumpoyil and Mattannur. Grama Panchayats

As per the recommendations of Shri Belavantha Rai Mehta Committee and the Administrative Implementation Committee headed by Shri E.M.S. Namboothiripad, the Kerala Panchayat Act, 1960 was passed with a view to promote development of democratic institutions and to secure greater measure of participation by the people in development plans and in Local Government Affairs by decentralization of power and functions. The Act came into effect on 1-1-1962. Accordingly, 922 Panchayats were formed comprising the entire rural areas of the State. At the time of 2011 Census there were 81 Panchayats in the District.

In course of time certain Panchayats were converted into Municipalities and big Panchayats were divided into smaller ones. The Kerala Panchayat Act, 1994 is enacted for planned rural development and to ensure people’s participation in the increased development of local area based on 73rd Amendment of Indian Constitution. This Act was amended in 1995 and in 1999 and based on Recommendations of Decen- tralization Committee, First Finance Committee and Election Commission; basic changes were incorpo- rated in 105 Departments out of total of 285 Departments. The special feature of these amendments is that almost all administrative control of the State on Local Administration was done away with. In 2000 it was amended again and power for division of wards and reservation of wards, etc., was given to Election Commission. In 2001 the OMBUDSMAN Act was amended providing for only a single member.

34 As per the Act, three tiers of administration namely Grama Panchayat, Block Panchayat and District Panchayat were formed in each district of the State. A special feature of the Panchayat Raj is the formation of Gramasabha where the common people can participate in the decision making.

Jurisdiction of Grama Panchayat is usually a village. However in certain cases more than one village constitutes the area of the Panchayat and viceversa. The Panchayat is divided into wards. Elections to the Panchayat are democratically conducted by the State Election Commission. Each ward of the Panchayat has an elected member. The tenure of the elected member is five years. From the members of the wards the President and Vice-President are elected. President is the head of the Grama Panchayat. For administra- tive purposes a Grama Panchayat Secretary is appointed. He is a Government Employee.

Grama Panchayats play a very important role in the developmental activities of the village. The Gramasabha is held at least four times in a year and developmental plans are discussed, finalized and implemented in the Gramasabha by the participation of people. Overall progress of the rural population has considerably increased, especially in the sphere of economy, education, culture and social activities, in the last few years. In Kerala the 9th Five Year Plan was introduced through a special scheme called “Janakeeya Asuthranam” (people’s planning), which means grass root level planning by the people themselves. Through this scheme, power was decentralized up to the grass root level.

In order to give a meaningful direction to the progress of decentralization; a decision was taken by the State Government vide G.O. (Ms.) No. 10/96/ Plg. dated 30-7-1996 that the plan programmes should consist of schemes formulated and implemented by the Local Bodies within their area of responsibilities. Accordingly the funds, which the State Government received from Central Government for implementa- tion of various schemes under the five-year plan, are earmarked for Corporations, Municipalities, District Panchayats, Block Panchayats and Grama Panchayats. The funds are transferred to the Local Bodies in two components - The State Sponsored Schemes and Grant-in-Aid to Local Bodies. The former schemes are formulated by the Head of the Department at the State level and implemented by the Local Bodies. The second scheme is for various plans formulated by the Local Bodies themselves under the people’s grass root level planning programme (Janakeeya Asuthranam).

The Grant-in-Aid to Local Bodies is given in three components: (i) General Sector, (ii) SCP (Special Component Plan) and (iii) TSP (Tribal Sub Plan).

The General Sector outlay is allocated to the Urban Local Bodies and Three tier Panchayats on the basis of urban - rural population in the respective areas. The provision for Urban Local Bodies is distributed among the Corporations and Municipalities according to their population. The allotment for the Three tier Panchayats was distributed to Grama Panchayats, Block Panchayats and District Panchayats in the ratio of 75: 17 : 8 in the budget for 2007-08, 2008-09 and 2009-10. The Plan Outlay is again distributed on the basis of population in each Local Body.

The provision under Special Component Plan (SCP) is distributed among Corporations, Municipali- ties and Three tier Panchayats on the basis of Scheduled Caste population in each area. The share for each tier i.e., Grama Panchayats, Block Panchayats and District Panchayats was distributed in the ratio of 60 : 20 : 20 in the budget for 2007-08, 2008-09 and 2009-10.

The share under TSP (Tribal Sub Plan) has also been divided among the three tier Panchayats on the basis of urban and rural Scheduled Tribe population. The share for the three tier Panchayats i.e., Grama Panchayats, Block Panchayats and District Panchayats is in the ratio of 50: 20: 30 in the budget for 2007-08, 2008-09 and 2009-10. Table 10 gives an account of Plan Assistance as Grant-in-Aid to Local Bodies during the years 2007-08, 2008-09 and 2009-10

35 Plan Assistance as Grant-in-Aid to Local Bodies for development expenditure in Kannur District during 2007-08, 2008-09 and 2009-10 Year Name of Local Body Grant-in Aid (Rs.in thousands)

General Sector SCP TSP Total 1 2 3 4 5 6 2007-08 Grama Panchayat 470742 62516 29429 562687 Block Panchayat 99517 20571 11776 131864 District Panchayat 61729 18292 13912 93933 Municipality/Corporation 45542 4905 1161 51608 Total 677530 106284 56278 840092 2008-09 Grama Panchayat 518002 68737 32366 619105 Block Panchayat 109508 22630 12953 145091 District Panchayat 110303 22627 19286 152216 Municipality/Corporation 149470 22924 0 172394 Total 887283 136918 64605 1088806 2009-10 Grama Panchayat 569991 75609 35598 681198 Block Panchayat 9630 22974 4461 37065 District Panchayat 100275 20570 17534 138379 Municipality/Corporation 135816 20840 0 156656 Total 815712 139993 57593 1013298 Source: Department of Finance, Government of Kerala

Kudumbashree Kudumbashree was conceived as a joint programme of the Government of Kerala and NABARD implemented through Community Development Societies (CDSs) of Poor Women, serving as the commu- nity wing of Local Governments. Kudumbashree is formally registered as the “State Poverty Eradication Mission” (SPEM), a society registered under the Literary, Scientific and Charitable Societ- ies Act 1955. It has a governing body chaired by the State Minister of LSG. There is a state mission with a field officer in each district. This official structure supports and facilitates the activities of the community net- work across the state. Kudumbashree differs from conventional programmes in that it perceives poverty not just as the deprivation of money, but also as the deprivation of basic rights. The poor need to find a collective voice to help claim these rights.

The grassroots of Kudumbashree are Neighbourhood Groups (NHG in short) or Ayal koottam that send representatives to the ward level Area Development Societies (ADS). The ADS sends its representa- tives to the Community Development Society (CDS), which completes the unique three-tier structure of Kudumbashree. Today, there are 1.94 lakhs NHGs, over 17,000 ADSs and 1061 CDSs in Kudumbashree. It is this network that brings women to the Grama Sabhas and helps them bring the needs of the poor to the attention of the local governments. The Community Development Societies are also very active in Govern- ment programmes and play significant roles in development activities ranging from socio-economic sur- veys and enterprise development to community management and social audit. Though its efforts to en- gage women in civil society in development issues and opportunities, Kudumbashree in association with the local self government of Kerala is charting out new meaning and possibilities for local economic devel- opment and citizen centric governance. An initiative for poverty alleviation, this model was launched on May 17th 1998. It is now one of the largest women empowerment related movements in Asia, having a total participation of about 37.8 Lakhs. This mission is a joint initiative of the Government of Kerala and NABARD. It defines poverty as the depri- vation of basic rights and money. By its attempt to bring poor women in the state within its range, Kudumbasree is now present in each & every Gram Panchayat; every welfare and development activity is

36 related and dependent on kudumbasree to provide the community interface. This mission is mainly centred on providing enterpreneurial, marketing and management opportunities to poor women and thus making them self dependent in financial terms through vegetable farming and selling/marketing of farm products. There are 11589 neighbourhood groups (NHG) functioning in Kannur District. ii) CENSUS CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS Building: A ‘Building’ is generally a single structure on the ground. Usually a structure will have four walls and a roof. Sometimes it is made up of more than one component unit which are used or likely to be used as dwellings (residences) or establishments such as shops, business houses, offices, factories, workshops, work sheds, Schools, places of entertainment, places of worship, godowns, stores etc. It is also possible that building which have component units may be used for a combination of purposes such as shop-cum-residence, workshop-cum-residence, office-cum-residence etc. But in some areas the very nature of construction of houses is such that there may not be any wall. Such is the case of conical structures where entrance is also provided but they may not have any walls. Therefore, such of the conical structures are also treated as separate buildings. Pucca houses: Houses, the walls and roof of which are made of permanent materials. The material of walls can be any one from the following, namely, Stones (duly packed with lime or cement mortar), G.I/ metal/ asbestos sheets, Burnt bricks, Cement bricks, Concrete. Roof may be made of from any one of the following materials, namely, Machine-made tiles, Cement tiles, Burnt bricks, Cement bricks, Stone, Slate, G.I/Metal/Asbestos sheets, Concrete. Such houses are treated as Pucca house. Kutcha houses: Houses in which both walls and roof are made of materials, which have to be replaced frequently. Walls may be made from any one of the following temporary materials, namely, grass, Unburnt bricks, bamboos, mud, grass, reeds, thatch, plastic /polythene, loosed packed stone, etc. Such houses are treated as Kutcha house. Dwelling Room: A room is treated as a dwelling room if it has walls with a doorway and a roof and should be wide and long enough for a person to sleep in, i.e. it should have a length of not less than 2 meters and a breadth of at least 1.5 meters and a height of 2 meters. A dwelling room would include living room, bedroom, dining room, drawing room, study room, servant’s room and other habitable rooms. Kitchen, bathroom, latrine, store room, passageway and verandah which are not normally usable for living are not considered as dwelling rooms. A room, used for multipurpose such as sleeping, sitting, dining, storing, cooking, etc., is regarded as a dwelling room. In a situation where a census house is used as a shop or office., etc., and the household also stays in it then the room is not considered as a dwelling room. But if a garage or servant quarter is used by a servant and if she/ he also lives in it as a separate household then this has been considered as a dwelling room available to the servant’s household. Tent or conical shaped hut if used for living by any household is also considered as dwelling room. A dwelling room, which is shared by more than one household, has not been counted for any of them. If two households have a dwelling room each but in addition also share a common dwelling room, then the common room has not been counted for either of the households. Census House : A ‘census house’ is a building or part of a building used or recognized as a separate unit because of having a separate main entrance from the road or common courtyard or staircase, etc. It may be occupied or vacant. It may be used for residential or non- residential purpose or both. If a building has a number of Flats or Blocks/Wings, which are independent of one another having separate entrances of their own from the road or a common staircase or a common courtyard leading to a main gate, these are considered as a separate Census house. Village: The basic unit for rural areas is the revenue village, which has definite surveyed boundaries. The revenue village may comprise of one or more hamlets but the entire village is treated as one unit for presentation of data. In un surveyed areas, like villages within forest areas, each habitation area with locally recognized boundaries is treated as one village. Rural-Urban area: The data in the census are presented separately for rural and urban areas. The

37 unit of classification in this regard is ‘town’ for urban areas and ‘village’ for rural areas. The urban area comprises two types of towns viz; statutory towns and Census towns. In the Census of India 2011, the definition of urban area adopted is as follows: (a) Statutory Towns : All places with a municipality, corporation, cantonment board or notified town area committee, etc are known as statutory towns. (b) Census owns: All other places satisfying the following three criteria simultaneously are treated as Census Towns. i) A minimum population of 5,000; ii) At least 75 per cent of male working population engaged in non-agricultural pursuits; and iii) A density of population of at least 400 per sq. km. (1,000 per sq. mile) For identification of places which would qualify to be classified as ‘urban’ all villages, which, as per the 2001 Census had a population of 4,000 and above, a population density of 400 persons per sq. km. and having at least 75 per cent of male working population engaged in non-agricultural activity were consid- ered. To work out the proportion of male working population referred to above against (b) (ii), the data relating to main workers were taken into account. In addition the above stated towns, urban areas also constitutes of OGs which are the parts of UAs.

Urban Agglomeration: An Urban Agglomeration is a continuous urban spread constituting a town and its adjoining urban outgrowths (OGs) or two or more physically contiguous towns together with or without urban outgrowths of such towns. In some cases, railway colonies, university campuses, port areas, military camps etc; may come up near a statutory town outside its statutory limits but within the revenue limits of a village or villages contiguous to the town. Each such individual area by itself may not satisfy the minimum population limit to qualify it to be treated as an independent urban unit but may qualify to be clubbed with the exiting town as their continuous urban spread (i.e., an Out Growth). Each such town together with its outgrowth(s) is treated as an integrated urban area and is designated as an ‘urban agglomeration’. For the purpose of delineation of Urban Agglomerations during Census of India 2011, following criteria has been adopted: The core town or at least one of the constituent towns of an urban agglomeration should necessarily be a statutory town; and The total population of an Urban Agglomeration (i.e. all the constituents put together) should not be less than 20,000 as per the 2001 Census. In varying local conditions, there were similar other combinations which have been treated as urban agglomerations satisfying the basic condition of contiguity. Out Growth (OG): The outgrowth is a viable unit such as a village or a hamlet or an enumeration block and clearly identifiable in terms of its boundaries and location. While determining the outgrowth of a town, it has been ensured that it possesses the urban features in terms of infrastructure and amenities such as pucca roads, electricity, taps, drainage system for disposal of waste water etc., educational institutions, post offices, medical facilities, banks etc and physically contiguous with the core town of the UA. City: Towns with population of 100,000 and above are called cities. Household: A ‘household’ is usually a group of persons who normally live together and take their meals from a common kitchen unless the exigencies of work prevent any of them from doing so. Persons in a household may be related or unrelated or a mix of both. However, if a group of unrelated persons live in a census house but do not take their meals from the common kitchen, then they are not constituent of a common household. Each such person was to be treated as a separate household. The important link in finding out whether it was a household or not was a common kitchen/common cooking. There may be one member households, two member households or multi-member households. Institutional Household: A group of unrelated persons who live in an institution and take their meals from a common kitchen is called an Institutional Household. Examples of Institutional Households

38 are boarding houses, messes, hostels, hotels, rescue homes, observation homes, beggars homes, jails, ashrams, old age homes, children homes, orphanages, etc. To make the definition more clearly perceptible to the enumerators at the Census 2011, it was specifically mentioned that this category or households would cover only those households where a group of unrelated persons live in an institution and share a common kitchen. Houseless household : Households who do not live in buildings or census houses but live in the open or roadside, pavements, in hume pipes, under flyovers and staircases, or in the open places of worship, mandaps, railway platforms, etc., are treated as Houseless Households. Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe

Article 341 of the Constitution of India provides that the President may, with respect to any State or Union Territory, specify the Castes, Races or Tribes or parts of or groups within Castes, Races or Tribes which shall for the purposes of the Constitution be deemed to be Scheduled Castes in relation to that State or Union Territory. Article 342 similarly provides for specification of Tribes or Tribal Communities or parts of or groups within Tribes or Tribal Communities which are to be deemed for the purposes of the Constitution to be Scheduled Tribes in relation to the various States and Union Territories. In pursuance of these provisions, the list of Scheduled Castes and / or Scheduled Tribes are notified for each State and Union Territory and are valid only within the jurisdiction of that State or Union Territory and not outside.

It is important to mention here that under the Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order, 1950, no person who professed a religion different from was deemed to be a member of a Scheduled Caste in addition to every member of the Ramdasi, Kabirpanthi, Majhabi or Sikligar Caste resident in Punjab or Patiala and East Punjab States Union were in relation to that State whether they professed the Hindu or the Sikh religion. Subsequently, in September 1956, by an amendment, the Presidential Order of 1950 and in all subsequent Presidential Orders relating to Scheduled Castes, the Hindu and the Sikh Religions were placed on the same footing with regard to the specification of Scheduled Castes. Later on, as per the amendment made in the Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order 1990, the Hindu, the Sikh and the Buddhist were placed on the same footing with regard to the recognition of the Scheduled Castes. A member of Scheduled Tribe may belong to any religion. However a person will be reckoned as belonging to Scheduled Tribe only if the name of the Tribe appears in the list of Scheduled Tribes applicable to the State.

The lists containing the names of the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes applicable for Census of India 2011 in the State are given below:

Scheduled castes 1. Adi Andhra 2. Adi Dravida 3. Adi Karnataka 4. Ajila 5. Arunthathiyar 6. Ayyanavar 7. Baira 8. Bakuda 9. Bathada 10. Bharathar (other than Parathar), Paravan 11. Chakkiliyan 12. Chamar, Muchi 13. Chandala 14. Cheruman 15. Domban 16. Gosangi

39 17. Hasla 18. Holeya 19. Kadaiyan 20. Kakkalan, Kakkan 21. Kalladi 22. Kanakkan, Padanna, Padannan 23. Kavara(other than Telugu speaking or Tamil speaking Balija, Kavarai, Gavara, Gavarai, Gavara Naidu, Balija Naidu, Gajalu Balija or Valai Chetty) 24. Koosa 25. Kootan, Koodan 26. Kudumban 27. Kuravan, Sidhanar, Kuravar, Kurava, Sidhana 28. Maila 29. Malayan [in the areas comprising the Malabar district as specified by sub- section(2) of section 5 of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956 (37 of 1956)] 30. Mannan, Pathiyan, Perumannan, Vannan, Velan 31. Moger (other than Mogeyar) 32. Mundala 33. Nalakeyava 34. Nalkadaya 35. Nayadi 36. Pallan 37. Palluvan 38. Pambada 39. Panan 40. Paraiyan, Parayan, Sambavar, Sambavan, Sambava, Paraya, Paraiya, Parayar 41. Pulayan, Cheramar, Pulaya, Pulayar, Cherama, Cheraman, Wayanad Pulayan, Wayanadan Pulayan, Matha, Matha Pulayan 42. Puthirai Vannan 43. Raneyar 44. Samagara 45. Samban 46. Semman, Chemman, Chemmar 47. Thandan (excluding Ezhuvas and Thiyyas who are known as Thandan in the erstwhile Cochin and Malabar areas) and (Carpenters who are knownas Thachan, in the erstwhile Cochin and Travancore State) 48. Thoti 49. Vallon 50. Valluvan 51. Vetan 52. Vettuvan, Pulaya Vettuvan(in the areas of erstwhile Cochin State only 53. Nerian * Malabar district comprised of Kannur (earlier Cannanore), Kozhikode, , Kasargod, Wayanad, districts and Palakkad (earlier Palaghat) district excluding Chittur taluk

Scheduled Tribes 1. Adiyan 2. Arandan, Aranadan 3. Eravallan 4. Hill Pulaya, Mala Pulayan, Kurumba Pulayan, Karavazhi Pulayan, Pamba Pulaya

40 5. Irular, Irulan 6. Kadar, Wayanad Kadar 7. Kanikaran, Kanikkar 8. Kattunayakan 9. Kochuvelan 10. Koraga 11. Kudiya, Melakudi 12. Kurichchan, Kurichiyan 13. Kurumans, Mullu Kuruman, Mulla Kuruman, Mala Kuruman 14. Kurumbas, Kurumbar, Kurumban 15 Maha Malasar 16. Malai Arayan, Mala Arayan 17 Malai Pandaram 18 Malai Vedan, Malavedan 19. Malakkuravan 20 Malasar 21. Malayan, Nattu Malayan, Konga Malayan (excluding the areas comprising the Kasargode, Cannanore, Wayanad and Kozhikode districts) 22. Malayarayar 23. Mannan 24. Muthuvan, Mudugar, Muduvan 25. Palleyan, Palliyan, Palliyar, Paliyan 26. Paniyan 27. Ulladan, Ullatan 28 Uraly 29. Mala Vettuvan( in Kasargode and Kannur districts) 30. Ten Kurumban, Jenu Kurumban 31. Thachanadan, Thachanadan Moopan 32. Cholanaickan 33. Mavilan 34. Karimpalan 35. Vetta Kuruman 36 Mala Panickar

Language and Mother tongue

As per the census concept, each language is a group of mother tongues. The census questionnaire collects information on the mother tongue of each person and mother tongue is defined as the language spoken in childhood by the person’s mother to the person. If the mother died in infancy, the language mainly spoken in the person’s home in childhood will be the mother tongue. In the case of infants and deaf mutes, the language usually spoken by the mother is considered as mother tongue. It is not necessary that the language spoken as mother tongue should have a script. The mother tongues returned by the respondents in census are classified and grouped under appropriate languages according to their linguistic characteristics. Literate A person age 7 years and above who can both read and write with understanding in any language is taken as literate. A person who can only read but cannot write is not literate. It is not necessary that to be considered as literate, a person should have received any formal education or passed any minimum educational standard. Literacy could also have been achieved through adult literacy classes or through any non-formal educational system. People who are blind and can read in Braille are treated as literates.

41 Literacy rate

Literacy rate of the population is defined as the percentage of literates in the age group seven years and above. For different age groups the percentage of literates in that age group gives the literacy rate. Educational level The highest level of education a person has completed. Work Work is defined as participation in any economically productive activity with or without compensation, wages or profit. Such participation may be physical and/or mental in nature. Work involves not only actual work but also includes effective supervision and direction of work. It even includes part time help or unpaid work on farm, family enterprise or in any other economic activity. All persons engaged in ‘work’ as defined above are workers. Persons who are engaged in cultivation or milk production even solely for domestic consumption are also treated as workers. Reference period for determining a person as worker and non-worker is one year preceding the date of enumeration. Main worker A person who has worked for major part of the reference period (i.e. six months or more during the last one year preceding the date of enumeration) in any economically productive activity is termed as ‘Main worker’. Marginal worker A person who worked for less than six months of the reference period (i.e. in the last one year preceding the date of enumeration) in any economic activity is termed as ‘Marginal worker’. Non - worker A person who has not worked at all in any economically productive activity during the reference period (i.e. last one year preceding the date of enumeration) is termed as ‘Non worker’. Cultivator For purposes of the Census a person is classified as cultivator if he or she is engaged in cultivation on land owned or held from government or held from private persons or institutions for payment in money, kind or share. Cultivation includes effective supervision or direction in cultivation. A person who has given out her/his land to another person or persons or institution(s) for cultivation for money, kind or share of crop and who does not even supervise or direct cultivation in exchange of land, is not treated as cultivator. Similarly, a person working on another person’s land for wages in cash or kind or a combination of both (agricultural labourer) is not treated as cultivator. Cultivation involves ploughing, sowing, harvesting and production of cereals and millet crops such as wheat, paddy, jowar, bajra, ragi, etc., and other crops such as sugarcane, tobacco, ground-nuts, tapioca, etc., and pulses, raw jute and kindred fiber crop, cotton, cinchona and other medicinal plants, fruit growing, vegetable growing or keeping orchards or groves, etc. Cultivation does not include the following plantation crops – tea, coffee, rubber, coconut and betel-nuts (areca). Agricultural labourer A person who works on another person’s land for wages in money or kind or share is regarded as an agricultural labourer. She/he has no risk in the cultivation, but merely works on another person’s land for wages. An agricultural labourer has no right of lease or contract on land on which she/he works.

42 Household industry worker Household industry is defined as an industry conducted by the head of the household herself/ himself and or by the members of the household at home or within the village in rural areas and only within the precincts of the house where the household lives in urban areas. The larger proportion of workers in household industry should consist of members of the household including the head. The industry should not be run on the scale of a registered factory which would qualify or has to be registered under the Indian Factories Act and should be engaged in manufacturing, processing, servicing and repairs of goods. It does not include professions such as a pleader, Doctor, Musician, Dancer, Waterman, Astrologer, Dhobi, Barber, etc. or merely trade or business, even if such professions, trade or services are run at home by members of the household. Other worker A person who has been engaged in some economic activity during the reference period but not as a cultivator or agricultural labourer or in Household Industry is termed as a ‘Other Worker (OW)’. The type of workers that come under this category of ‘OW’ include all government servants, municipal employees, teachers, factory workers, plantation workers, those engaged in trade, commerce, business, transport, banking, mining, construction, political or social work, priests, entertainment artists, etc. In effect, all those workers other than cultivators or agricultural labourers or household industry workers, are ‘Other Workers’. Work participation rate Percentage of workers (main + marginal) to total population Population density Population density is the number of persons inhabited per square kilometre of the area. Age Age is measured in terms of the completed number of years. Sex ratio Number of females per 1000 males in a population. iii) NON-CENSUS CONCEPTS

Concepts used in VD and TD of DCHB: 1. Educational Amenities:- The type of different educational facilities available in the village is given in numbers. Both Government and private educational facilities / institutions are considered for this- purpose. If there are composite schools like Middle schools with Primary classes, or Secondary schools with middle classes, these are included in the number of Primary and Middle schools respectively. For example, if in a village there are two Primary schools and one Middle school with primary classes, the number of Primary schools in the village are given as three and that of Middle school as one even though there may be only three educational institutions. So also in case of Secondary schools. For better understanding, the distinctiveness of different types of schools is depicted hereunder: 1.1 Pre-primary (PP): Now-a-days, the children are sent to schools at a very early stage. Lot of pre- primary schools, private schools in particular, have come up in villages and towns. These may or may not be recognized by the competent authorities. Even many Secondary schools have classes

43 starting from pre-primary level. Pre-primary classes include Nursery, K.G., Pre-basic, Play school, etc. 1.2 Primary School (P): Schools providing education from Standard 1 and upward up to and inclusive of Standard V are classified as Primary Schools. 1.3 Middle School (M): Schools providing education from Standard VI and upward up to and inclusive of Standard VIII are classified as Middle Schools. A School with Class 1 to VIII is treated as two units, i.e. one Primary School and one Middle School. 1.4 Secondary School (S): Schools providing education from Standard IX and upwards up to and inclusive of Standard X are classified as Secondary Schools. A composite school with 1 to X standard is treated as three separate units and counted separately under the categories of Primary School, Middle School and Secondary School. 1.5 Senior Secondary School (SS): Schools and colleges that provide education for Standards XI and XII and first and second year of the Pre-University Course fall under this category. There are Senior Secondary Schools with Standard I and upwards up to Standard XII.

1.6. Degree College: (i) Arts/Science/Commerce: These are all educational institutions that provide post-PUC level education leading to University degree/diploma in any subject or combination of subjects and also post-graduate levels of education. The college offering courses in Arts, Science or Commerce either separately or in combination are covered under this category. (ii) Engineering College (E):It is a graduate/post-graduate degree college providing Bachelor of Engineering (BE) or Bachelor of Technology (B. Tech.) or post-graduate engineering degrees like M.Tech. (iii) Medical Colleges: These are graduate/post-graduate degree colleges providing MBBS or equivalent degree in alternative medicine like Ayurveda, Unani, Homeopathy etc. or post- graduate medical degrees like M.D or equivalent in the above branches of medicine. 1.7. Management College/ Institute (MI): It offers courses like Diploma in Management, Post-Graduate Diploma in Management, Masters of Business Administration (MBA) and specializations in different disciplines of Management like Marketing, Human Resources Development (HRD) etc. 1.8. Polytechnic (Pt): An Institution providing certificate/diploma (not equivalent to degree) in any technical subject like engineering, vocational courses like embroidery, fashion designing etc. It may be both Government and Private. 1.9. Vocational School/ITI: It is a vocational training institute imparting trainings in specific fields acquiring necessary skill, which will make the trainees employable or create them opportunities of self-employment. Trainings offered by Industrial Training Institutes (ITI) fall under this category. 1.10. Non-formal Education/Training Centre (NFTC): Non-vocational education centers, established by the Central and State Governments provide educational facilities to the interested persons irrespective of educational qualification, and age. These education centers are open to all. 1.11. Special School for Disabled: There are Government and Government recognized institutions/ organizations engaged for providing education to different groups of disabled persons. 2. Medical Facilities:

2.1 Hospital-Allopathic and Hospital-Alternative medicine: A hospital is an institution, where sick or injured are given medical or surgical care. Bed strength differs from hospital to hospital ranging

44 from 31 to 500 depending upon whether these are sub-district, sub-divisional or district hospitals. If there is hospitals providing facilities under different systems of medicines such as Allopathy, Ayuveda, Unani and Homeopathy etc., these details are given separately. (a) Allopathy: The system of medical practice, which treats disease by the use of remedies which produce effects different from those produced by the disease under treatment. (b) Ayurveda: Ayurveda means ‘Science of life’. The philosophy of Ayurveda is based on the theory of Pancha Mahabhootas (Five elements) of which all the objects and living bodies are composed of. The combination of these five elements are represented in the form of Tridosha: Vata, Pitta and Kapha. These three ‘doshas’ are physiological entities of living beings. Ayurveda developed into eight distinct specialities, i.e., Internal Medicine, Pediatrics, Psychiatry, Eye and ENT, Surgery, Toxicology, Geriatrics and Science of virility. Two types of treatments, Preventive and Curative, are given in Ayurveda. (c) Unani: Treatment of Unani consists of three components namely, preventive, promotive and curative. Unani system of medicine has been found to be efficacious in conditions like Rheumatic Artharitis, Jaundice, Filarisis, Eczema, Sinusitis and Bronchial Asthma. For the prevention of the disease and promotion of health, the Unani System emphasizes six essentials: pure air, food and water, physical movement and rest, psychic movement and rest, sleep and wakefulness and retention of useful materials and evacuation of waste materials from the body. (d) Homoeopathy: Treatment in Homoeopathy, which is holistic in nature, focuses on an individual’s response to a specific environment. Homoeopathic medicines are prepared mainly from natural substances such as plant products, minerals and animal sources. Homoeopathic medicines do not have any toxic, poisonous or side effects. Homoeopathic treatment is economical as well and has a very broad public acceptance. 2.2 Community Health Centre (CHC): Community Health Centres are designed to provide referral health care for cases from PHC and those in need of specialist health care approaching the CHC directly. 4 PHCs are included under each CHC thus catering approximately 80,000 populations in tribal/hilly areas and 1, 20,000 populations for plain areas. CHC is a 30- bedded hospital providing specialist care in Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Surgery and Paediatrics. 2.3 Primary Health Centre (PHC): A Primary Health Centre is the first contact point between a village community and the Government medical officer. A PHC covers a population of 20,000 in hilly, tribal or difficult areas and 30,000 populations in plain areas with 4-6 indoor/observation beds. It acts as a referral unit for 6 sub-centres. It has a medical officer and para medical staff. 2.4 Primary Health Sub- Centre (PHS): A Primary Health Sub-centre is the first contact point between the primary health care system and the community. As per the population norms, one PHS is established for every 5,000 population in plain areas and 3,000 population in hilly/ tribal/ desert areas. Each PHS has a sanctioned strength of one male and one female heath worker. 2.5 Maternity and Child Welfare Centre (MCW): It provides pre-natal and post-natal services for both mother and child. The services include regular check-up of pregnant women, giving folic tablets, counseling, delivery, immunization of children with check-up etc. 2.6 TB Clinic (TBC): The diagnosis and treatment of TB are functions of the general health services and hence it is a part and parcel of Primary Health Care. Specialized units such as the District Tuberculosis Centre (DTC) act as referral centres. TB clinics are established by the Government of India under the National Tuberculosis Control Programme and implemented through a network of DTC. The DTC is the nodal point for TB control activities in the district and it also functions as a specialized referral centre. The functions of sub-district level Tuberculosis Unit (TU) are implementation, monitoring and supervision of TB control activities in its designated geographical areas.

45 2.7 Health Centre: Clinic where medicine and medical supplies are dispensed. It has no in-patient facility. A clinic (or an outpatient clinic) is a small private or public health facility that is devoted to the care of outpatients, often in a community, in contrast to larger hospitals, which also treat inpatients. 2.8 Dispensary: Place where patients are treated and medicines provided but with no in-patient facility. Immunizations, MCH Services and sometimes pathological tests are carried out here. It may be of allopathic or any alternative medicine. 2.9 Veterinary Hospital: Mostly run by the State Government or local body for treatment and preventive measures against diseases of domestic animals like cows, buffaloes etc in rural areas. 2.10 Mobile Health Clinic: These are Mobile vans well equipped with a range of health services to villages located far away from the CHCs, PHCs or any public health sources. The vans visit villages on designated days to deliver the health care services. The services generally offered are OPD, ante-natal and post-natal, B.P. examination, X-ray, ECG, Immunization, First Aid etc. 2.11 Family Welfare Centre: Check-up and counseling is provided to the pregnant and married women regarding small family norm and devices for having a small family. Temporary and permanent contraceptive devices are provided here. 2.12 Nursing Home: A nursing home is a long term care facility licensed by the state that offers 24-hour room and board and health care services including basic and skilled nursing care, rehabilitation and a full range of other therapies., treatments and programs to old and sick people. The difference between a hospital and a nursing home is that a nursing home gives importance to convalescence from a disease while a hospital gives medical treatment for the disease. 2.13 Medicine Shop: A shop which sells drugs and medicines of any system of medicine viz. allopathic, homeopathic, ayurvedic or unani medicines, is considered as a medicine shop. Sometimes some shops and Paan shops also keep ordinary medicines like Crocin, Burnol etc. These shops are not taken as medicine shops. 3. Drinking water: The following are the main source of drinking water facility (ies) available in the village.

3.1 Tap Water-treated: This source of drinking water refers to a source of drinking water which is provided to the villagers through pipes within their premises or to the villagers through common taps (public taps/community water points) by the Government departments, local bodies, panchayats, public or private estate agencies, etc. after treatment. Such a source is treated as ‘Tap water from treated source’. 3.2 Tap Water-un-treated: If the villagers are drawing drinking water through pipes either directly from a well or bore well or after pumping the well or tube well water, or the water is supplied through pipes to the households of the village or through public taps without treatment. Such a source is treated as ‘Tap water from un-treated source’. 3.3 Covered Well (CW): A well that is (1) covered on sides from run-off water (i.e., excess water from rain, snowmelt or other sources flows over the land) through a wall lining or casting that is raised above ground level on a platform that diverts spilled water away from the well and (2) covered so that bird droppings and animals cannot fall down the hole. It is considered as covered well. 3.4 Un-covered Well (UW): A well which is (1) un-covered on sides from runoff water, (2) un-covered from bird droppings and animals; or (3) both. 3.5 Hand Pump (HP): Hand pump means where ground water is taken out manually by operating a hand pump.

46 3.6 Tube Well / Borehole (TW): Tube well denotes the ground water source from where ground water is taken out through electrical or diesel pump. Spring, River/Canal, Tank/Pond/Lark are self explanatory. 4. Community Toilet Complex : Community Toilet may be constructed and maintained by Gram Panchayats or Private NGOs like Sulabh Sauchalaya or likes.

5. Rural Sanitary Mart or Sanitary Hardware Outlet (RSM): It is an outlet dealing with the materials, hardware and designs required for the construction of not only sanitary latrines but other sanitary facilities such as compost pit, washing platform and other sanitation and hygiene accessories required for individuals, households and the environment in the rural areas.

6. Community bio-gas or recycle of waste for productive use: Many of the solid wastes having economic values but put for disposal can be recycled for reuse. For example, food, cow dung, leaves, vegetable, paper, wood, plastics, old cloth etc. However, some of the wastes are not recyclable. These are carbon paper, thermo coal etc. When recyclable solid wastes is subjected to decomposition, bio-gas could be produced under favourable conditions. These systems of recycling may be there at the village level organized by Gram Panchayats with technical support from Governments or non-government organi- zations.

7. Communication and transport Facilities:

7.1 Post Office (PO): Self-explanatory.7.2 Sub-Post Office (SPO): Sub-post office includes Extra Departmental Post Offices and those providing franchise postal services and also part time services in lieu of some honorarium. The limited postal services include sale of stamps, receipt of letters and money orders and also distribution of letters. 7.3 Post & Telegraph Office (PTO): Telegraph office is set up by the Government to enable people to send or receive telegrams. If the phonogram facility is available (though the Telegraph office may not be equipped with Morse Code Transmitters), the village is considered to be having telegraph facility.

7.4 Telephones (landlines): If the village is having the Public Call Office (PCO) either run by the Post Office or by individuals or by a private shop, then the village is considered to be having telephone facility. 7.5 Public Call Office (PCO)/Mobile PCO: Self explanatory.

7.6 Mobile Phone Coverage: Mobile phones are now very common particularly in urban areas. Some villages by virtue of being in close proximity to the urban areas also enjoy the benefits of the mobile phone services. Even if a few villagers avail the services of mobile phones, then the village is considered to be having access to mobile phone.

7.7 Internet Cafes/Common Service Centres (CSC): If the village is having the facility of Cyber Cafes or shops owned by private individuals providing the facility of surfing of the internet, then the village is considered to be having access to internet/cyber cafe facility. Government of India formulated the scheme of CSC with the vision of providing all government services in an integrated manner at the door step of the citizen at an affordable cost even in the remotest corners of the country through a combination of it based as well as non-IT based services.

7.8 National Highway (NH): These are main highways running through the length and breadth of the country. Each NH is numbered like NH-1, NH-2 for easy identification.

47 7.9 State Highway (SH): These are roads of a state linking district headquarters and important cities within a State and connecting them with NHs or Highways of the neighboring States. 7.10 Major District Roads (MDR): These are important roads within a district, serving areas of production and markets and connecting these with each other or with the main Highways. 7.11 Other District Roads (ODR): These are roads serving rural areas of production and providing them with outlet to market centres, taluk headquarters, block development head quarters or other main roads. 7.12 Village Road:The approach to village refers to the state of road etc., leading to the village. This is to see whether the village is approachable both in fair and foul weather, and whether it is inaccessible only for some time in the year. 7.13. Black-Topped (Pucca) Road (BTR): A road provided with a bituminous surfacing. 7.14 Gravel (Kuchha) Road (GR): A road constructed using well compacted crushed rock or gravel material (coarse sand, small stones), which is fairly resilient and does not become slippery when wet. 7.15 Water Bound Macadam (WBM): This is the road layer made of crushed or broken mixture of sand and rock fragments mechanically interlocked by rolling and voids filled with screening and binding material with the assistance of water. 7.16 Foot Path (FP): A trodden path for the use by pedestrians and in some cases bicycles. The Foot Paths are not suitable for vehicular traffic except bicycles in some cases. Most of the interior/ forest villages are connected by Foot Paths. 8. Banks and Credit Societies: -Banking facility means a place where a person can operate a bank account.

8.1 Commercial Bank (CB): These may be banks wholly owned by the Government of India or by Indian or Foreign Companies. 8.2 Cooperative Banks (Coop. B): A co-operative bank is a financial entity which belongs to its members, who are at the same time the owners and the customers of their bank. Cooperative banks are often created by persons belonging to the some local or professional community or sharing a common interest. These banks are registered under the Cooperative Societies Act. The cooperative banks are regulated by RBI and are covered by the Banking Regulations Act, 1949. 8.3 Agricultural Credit Society (ACS): Major objectives of the ACS are to supply agricultural credit to meet the requirements of funds for agricultural production, the distribution of essential consumer commodities, the provision of storage and marketing facilities and for light agricultural implements and machinery. 8.4 Non-Agricultural Credit Society (NCS): These societies include consumer cooperative societies and also credit cooperative societies of certain categories of persons like teachers, health workers, etc. 9. Miscellaneous Facilities:

9.1 Self-help Group (SHG): Self-Help Groups are groups of between 10-25 women created by either NGOs or under the SGSY (Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana) for the purposes of meeting local credit needs. They are sometimes called Mahila Mandals in villages. 9. 2. Public Distribution System (PDS) shop: The shops through which some essential commodities are sold by the government at subsidized rates. They may also be known as ration shops and control shops.

48 9.3. Mandis/Regular Market: These are those clusters of shops with or without fixed premises which are open on at least six days a week and opens at least from morning hours to dusk. 9.4. Weekly Haat: These are those clusters of shops with or without fixed premises which are open once a week. 9.5. Agricultural Marketing Society: It is a common platform to analyse the issues among all the individuals and institutions in the field of agricultural marketing. 9.6. Nutrition Centre: Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS): The Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme set up by the Government of India with the objective of providing following package of services to the children under 6 years and pregnant and lactating mothers in villages such as; Immunization, Health Check-up, Referral Services, Pre-school Non- formal Education and Nutrition & Health Education. 9.7. Anganwadi Centre: Each centre under the ICDS scheme is run by an Anganwadi Worker. One Anganwadi worker is appointed for specified population of the village. They are basically local women. They are assisted by Anganwadi helper. They provide pre-school non-formal education at the Centre and provide food to the children. 9.8. Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA): ASHA is a health activist in the community who will create awareness on health and its social determinants and mobilize the community towards local health planning and increased utilization and accountability of the existing health services. She would be a promoter of good health practices. She will also provide a minimum package of curative care as appropriate and feasible for that level and make timely referrals. She will act as a motivator of different types of health related activities. Unlike ANM, she will not be involved in any clinical activities like immunization. 9.9. Sports Club/Recreation Centre: Indoor and out-door games are arranged by the Club and activities like wrestling, Judo Karate etc. are also done there. 9.10. Cinema/Video Hall (CV): If regular cinema houses licensed by Government is available, then the town/village is considered to be having the facility of Cinema Hall. Video hall owners screen films in their own or hired premises. 9.11. Public Library: Books are kept there which can be accessed by the public on loan basis. These may be sponsored by Government or Local Body or Panchayat or any influential person. Free service or nominal charges are made for using the facility. 9.12. Public Reading Room: Here the public may read newspapers and magazines. These may be sponsored by Government or Local Body or Panchayat or any influential person. 9.13. Newspaper Supply: The availability of the Newspaper(s), both in English or vernacular, in the village is considered to having the said facility. 10. Availability of Electricity/Power. If power is actually available, whatever may be the form of its use, it is indicated affirmative.If the village is having electricity for domestic purposes and the residents are using the same for domestic use, then it is considered that domestic power supply is available. If the electricity authority has not given domestic supply to the households on their request and people are using unauthorized electricity either by stealthily or misuse the supply meant for agricultural or indus- trial purposes, then it is not considered as availability of electricity for domestic purposes. However, if the village goes out of power due to temporary technical problems such as, transformer failures, theft of electrical equipment, etc., it is considered that electricity is available. Supply of electricity is consid- ered available even when there is a temporary ban on new domestic connections. Connections to residential houses, bungalows, clubs, hostels and hospitals run on non-commercial basis, charitable, educational and religious institutions are included in the domestic category.

49 10.1 Power Supply for domestic use:This category includes electricity used only for domestic consumption. 10.2 Power supply for agricultural use: This category includes all electricity connections given to the farmers for conducting various agricultural activities including irrigation.10.3 Power supply for commercial use: This category includes electricity connections given for workshops, industries etc. or for any commercial purposes. 10.4 Power supply for all uses: This category includes electricity connection is available for domestic use, agricultural use, and for any commercial purposes. 11. Land Use Pattern: The land use area of the villages is given in hectares. The land use pattern in the Village Directory conform to the pattern of classification of land use as recommended by the Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India. The Ministry has recommended the maintenance of records of land use pattern under the 9 categories as indicated in the Village Directory.

12. System of drainage : Generally, by drainage system, we mean the network of mains and branches of underground conduits for the conveyance of sewerage to the point of disposal. Sewers that carry only household and industrial wastage are called separate sewers; those that carry storm water from roofs, streets and other surfaces are known as storm water drains, while those carrying both sewage and storm water are called combined sewers. However, in towns, which are not provided with such under- ground sewerage system, it is mentioned whether it has open drainage system. There may be possibil- ity of the town having both closed as well as open drainage systems.

13. Type of latrines: The data on various types of latrines both public and private together are collected. The three types of latrines considered here are, Pit Latrine, Flush/Pour Flush Latrine and Service Latrine.

(i) Pit System: The latrines are attached to the pit that is dug into the ground for the reception of night soil, are reckoned as pit latrine. (ii) Flush/pour flush: A flush latrine uses a cistern or holding tank for flushing water and has a water seal, which is a U-shaped pipe, below the seat or squatting pan that prevents the passage of flies and odours. A pour flush latrine uses a water seal, but unlike a flush latrine, a pour flush latrine uses water poured by hand for flushing (no cistern is used). (iii) Service: Type of latrine from where night soil is removed manually by scavengers. All other types of latrines are covered under “Others” category. 14. Protected Water Supply- Source and capacity of Storage system: There are various sources of water supply and its storage system in the town.

14.1 Service Reservoir: A service reservoir is a water storage container that holds clean water after it has been treated in a water plant, and before it is piped to the end users. These containers are covered, and are designed to keep the water safe from contamination. Their main purpose is to provide a buffer within the water supply system so that water supplies can be maintained across periods of varying demand.

14.2 River Infiltration Gallery: Infiltration Galleries are capable of supplying large quantities of water, and are used where wells are unable to supply water needs, i.e. where an impermeable rock barrier affects well efficiency, or where surface water sources are too shallow for intake screens. Infiltration galleries are one or more horizontal screens placed adjacent to (on-shore), or directly underneath (bed-mounted), a surface water source.

14.3 Bore Well Pumping System: A bore well is a well of 6" to 12" in diameter drilled into the earth for retrieving water. The depth of a bore well can vary from 50 feet to 3000 feet. Water is pumped out

50 to surface through electricity/generator. 14.4 Pressure Tank: Tank that is used to ensure consistent water pressure and for storage of water. Usually located in basement of house but sometimes (in older settings) located in well pit. 15. Road lighting (Points): Road lighting means the number of street lights that are maintained in the town.

16. Home Orphanage: Orphanageis the name to describe a residential institution devoted to the care of orphans–children whose parents are deceased or otherwise unable to care for them. Parents, and sometimes grandparents, are legally responsible for supporting children, but in the absence of these or other relatives willing to care for the children, they become a ward of the state, and orphanages are a way of providing for their care and housing.

17. Working women’s hostel: These may be recognised or non-recognised by any public authority. The data on number of working women’s hostels available in the town are collected with number of seats.

18. Old Age Home: There are two types of Old Age Homes in India. One is the “Free” type which cares for the destitute old people who have no one else to care for them. They are given shelter, food, clothing and medical care. The second type is the “Paid” home where care is provided for a fee. Nowadays, such “Retirement” homes have become very popular in India and they are well worth considering.

19. Stadium: A stadium is a place, or venue, for (mostly) outdoor sports, concerts or other events, consist- ing of a field or stage partly or completely surrounded by a structure designed to allow spectators to stand or sit and view the event.

20. Auditorium/Community Hall: These are the places where meetings, social functions etc. are organised.

Civic status of urban units: Civic Status of a town/city is determined on the basis of Civic Administrative Authority of the town e.g., Municipal Corporation / Corporation, Municipal Committee / Municipal council, Municipality etc.

Size class of U.A./town : Size-class of U.A./Town is based on the population size of the U.A./City/ Town.

U.A.s/Towns with 100,000 and above population are classified as Class I U.A.s/ Towns. Towns with 50,000 to 99,999 population are classified as Class II towns, 20,000 to 49,999 population are Class III towns, population with 10,000- 19,999 are Class IV towns, population with 5,000 and 9,999 are Class V towns and towns with less than 5,000 population are Class VI towns. Slum area : The Slum Areas (Improvement and Clearance) Act, 1956, which was enacted by the Central Government defined slums as (a) Areas where buildings are in any respect unfit for human habita- tion; or (b) are by reasons of dilapidation, overcrowding, faulty arrangement and design of such buildings, narrowness or faulty arrangement of streets, lack of ventilation, light or sanitation facilities, or any combi- nation of these factors, are detrimental to safety, health or morals.

Mega city : The concept of ‘Mega city’ is a recent phenomenon in the Urban Sociology and is defined in term of metropolitan city in the form of large size, problem of management of civic amenities and capacity to absorb the relatively high growth of population. Indian Census in 1991 treated the population size of 5 million and above as the cutoff point to identify a place as the mega city. Whereas, for the purpose of inclusion in Centrally Sponsored Scheme for Infrastructure Development in Mega cities the Ministry of Urban Affairs and employment, Department of Urban Development adopted the criteria of 4 million and above population as per 1991 Census for Mega Cities. In 2001 Census, cities with 10 millions and above population have been treated as Mega cities and the same criteria of population have been adopted in 2011 census.

51 IV) 2011 Census Findings With 25, 23,003 persons, Kannur District continued the same 8th rank in population among the Districts. 1,14,047 persons has been added to the population of Kannur District during 2001- 2011. This shows that 4.73 per cent of population has increased during 2001-2011. The decadal growth rate of the district shows a downward trend from 6.98 per cent in 2001 to 4.73 per cent in 2011 which is in tune with the downward trend of population growth-rate at state level from 9.43 in 2001 to 4.91 in 2011. Kannur district accomodates 7.6 per cent of total population of the state. Administratively, Kannur District is divided into three Taluks viz. Taliparamba, Kannur and Thalassery. These were the taluks of Malabar District and included as Taluks of Kannur District on its annexation to the State of Kerala. Statement -1 shows Percentage of population of taluk to total population of the district. Statement 1 Name Of Taluk Percentage of total population of the District 2001 2011 Taliparamba 30.1 30.3 Kannur 31.1 31.1 Thalassery 38.8 38.6

Of the three Taluks, Thalassery is the most populous taluk. In area it occupies the 2nd place. The percentages of population covered in these taluks were 30.1 for Taliparamba, 31.1 for Kannur and 38.8 for Thalassery in 2001. The corresponding percentages in 2011 are 30.3, 31.1, and 38.6 respectively. It shows that percentage of population in Taliparamba and Kannur Taluk has witnessed a slight increase during 2001- 2011 whereas in Thalassery taluk the percentage of population has declined marginally. This is the trend followed in 1991-2001 also. a) Distribution of population in Rural and Urban Areas It is a tradition in Census to present the data by rural and urban areas. The data on distribution of population by rural and urban is therefore significant from the point of view of understanding the extent to which the total population is segmented in these two distinct areas. Rural population in the district declined from 11, 96,058 to 8, 82,017 wherein the Urban Population registered an increase from 12, 12,898 in 2001 to 16 40,986 in 2011. This owes mainly to the census towns added in 2011 as most of the villages satisfied the criterion for being classified as Census Towns (CTs). In urban share of Population the district held first position with a share of 50.3 per cent of urban population in 2001 but in 2011, though urban share of population has increased to 65.0 per cent , the district came to 3rd position as Ernakulum and Thrissur districts overtook, holding first and second position with 68.07 per cent and 67.17 per cent urban population respectively. Another interesting feature of urbanisation in the district is that entire urban is contiguous that falls in one UA-i.e Kannur UA. The rural-urban distribution of population in 2001 and 2011 is diagrammatically depicted below.

52 Rural-Urban dichotomy is primarily necessary for understanding the process of urbanization in the district. The district holds third position in case of urbanization in Kerala with 65.0 per cent population as per census 2011 live in urban areas. In 2001 the district was holding the first position in urbanization (50.3 per cent popuation in 2001 lived in Urban area in Kannur District) which in 2011 came down to fourth position preceded by Eranakulam (68.1per cent), Thrissur (67.2 per cent)and Kozhikode (67.2 per cent). Talukwise, in 2011, Urbanisation is rampant in all taluks especially Kannur Taluk. 95 per cent (82 per cent in 2001) of population in Kannur taluk are living in urban areas. In Taliparamba Taluk around 36.3 per cent (18.8 per cent per cent in 2001) population are in Urban and in Thalassery Taluk 63.5 per cent (49.5 per cent in 2001) population are now living in Urban areas. Entire rural villages of Kannur Taluk except two villages –Mattool and turned as CT. In 2011 Census, the number of Villages has reduced to 56 from 78 as in 2001. The number of towns increased to 67 (60 census towns and 7 Statutory towns). Coming to Taluk-wise, it was seen that in 2011, there has 32 Villages and 9 Towns in Taliparamba Taluk, 2 Villages and 32 Towns in Kannur Taluk and 22 Villages and 24 Towns in Thalassery Taluk. It showed that Kannur Taluk was better urbanized than any other Taluks in the District. In 2001, coming to urban population, it was distributed in 7 Statutory Towns and 38 Census Towns as in 1991. In 2011, the urban population is distributed in 7 Statutory Towns and 60 Census Towns. In 1991 Census, Thalassery Municipality was the sole Class-I Town with population of 103,579 in the District. In 2001 the Town was relegated to Class-II with a population of 99,387. In 2011 also, the Municipality registered a decline in population. Among Statutory Towns, almost all registered declining trend and Kannur and Thalassery Municipalities even registered negative growth of population (-10.9 per cent and -6.9 per cent in 2011). b) Size class and status of towns, Population, Growth, Density and Sex Ratio, Work participation rate, Literacy, Religion, Availability of University education in the District. Size, Class and Status of Towns The classification of towns in each Census is based on its population in the particular census. With the growth/decline of population, the towns may change their size-classes. In addition to this, certain towns cease to exist due to merger with other towns and declassification of towns as rural. New towns may also be formed. In 2011 Census, there are 67 towns in Kannur District. For classification of towns, six size- classes have been formed. The size-classes are as follows: Class I- Population 100,000 and above. Class II- Population 50,000-99,999 Class III- Population 20,000-49,999 Class IV- 10,000-19,999 Class V- 5,000-9999 Class VI- < 5000. As in 2001, in Kannur District there is only one Town having less than 5000 population, a Statutory Town, Kannur Cantonment (4798). It falls in Size-class VI. In Kannur District, there were 67 Towns including 7 Statutory Towns in 2011. The number of towns has increased from 45 in 2001 to 67 in 2011. The following diagram shows the population size, the corresponding Size-class and number of Towns in each Size-class in 2011 Census. In 1991 Census, Thalassery Municipality was the sole Class-I Town with population of 103,579 in the District. In 2001 the Town was relegated to Class-II with a population of 99,387. As a result, the number of Class-II Towns had increased to 4 in 2001 from 3 in 1991. In 2011, out of the 67 towns 4 towns are in class –II- Thalassery, Taliparamba, Payyannur and Kannur , 27 towns in class –III, 34 towns in class –IV and 1 in class V and remaining one town i.e. Kannur Cantonment having a population 4798, falls in VI.

53

1 Less VI than 5,000

1 5,000 – 9,999 V

34 10,000 – 19,999 IV 27 III 20,000 – 49,999

4 50,000 – 99,999 II

I 0 1,00,000+

Population and growth

According to 2001 Census, the total population of the District was 24, 08,956. During 2001-2011, 0.11 million population had been added to the District, bringing its total population to 25,23,003 in 2011. The decadal growth-rate during 2001 was 7.0 per cent as against 9.4 per cent growth rate of State population in the corresponding period. The decadal growth rate of the District is 4.7 per cent in 2011 while the State has witnessed 4.9 per cent during the corresponding period. The Statement -2 shows the percentage decadal growth during 2001-2011 Statement 2

State/District/Taluk Population Percentage of Decadal Growth 2001- 2001 2011 2011 Kerala State 31841374 33406061 4.9 Kannur District 2408956 2523003 4.7 Taliparamba Taluk 725691 764888 5.4 Kannur Taluk 748465 784984 4.9 Thalassery Taluk 934800 973131 4.1

The analysis of growth rates of the District starting from the decade 1901 to 2011 tells the real story of population growth in the district. There has been an increase in population during every decade from 1901 to 2011. The District starting with 6.7 per cent of growth-rate during 1901-1911 had reached the highest growth-rate of 31.8 per cent during 1961-1971. During 1951-1961 and 1961-1971, the growth-rate was above 30 per cent. The District experienced decline in growth-rate during two earlier decades of 1911-1921 (2.4 per cent) and 1931-1941 (12.2 per cent). The growth-rate during 1911-1921 was the lowest during the last 100 years. The District is witnessing steady decline in growth-rate since 1981. The present growth-rate of 4.7 per cent is only lower than the growth-rate during 1901-1911. The District has thus receded to the growth-rate during 1901-1911 even with a six-fold increase in total population during 1901-2011 with the addition of 2 million persons. The rural growth-rate during 1901-1911 was almost the same as the total growth-rate in the corresponding decade. The difference between the total growth-rate and the rural growth-rate was marginal up to 1941-1951. The rural growth-rate alternatively decreased and increased up to 1961-1971. There after rural growth-rate had declined continuously up to 1981-1991 and was also negative. Growth-rate of population in Rural of the district is - 26.3 per cent in 2011. The urban growth-rate during 1901-1911 (4.5 per cent) was less than the total and the rural growth-rate. The urban growth-rate was negative during 1911-1921 (-5.0 per cent) and 1961-1971 (-0.1 per cent). There was phenomenal increase in urban growth-rate during 1951-1961 (156.1 per cent), 1971-1981 (190.4 per cent) and 1981-1991 (87.0 per cent). This was as a result of phenomenal increase of Towns in 1961, 1981 and 1991. The number of Towns 3 in 1961, 25 in 1981 and 45 in 1991, 45 in 2001 and 67 in 2011. In 2011, the rate of growth of population in the District and the Taluks was almost uniform. However, among the Taluks, the highest growth-rate of 5.4 per cent was seen in Taliparamba Taluk and the lowest in

54 Thalassery Taluk (4.1 per cent). Thus the population growth-rate of the district (4.7 per cent) as a whole and that of Kannur (4.9 per cent) and thalassery taluks (4.1 per cent ) were less than the growth-rate of the State (4.9 per cent ) . The rural growth-rate of the District was -16.1 per cent in 2001 which again registered a decline and in 2011 the rural growth-rate of the District came down to -26.3 per cent. In tune with the trend of negative growth-rate of the District, in both Kannur and Thalassery Taluks, rural population had decreased in districts and all taluks in the district. In 2001 there was marginal increase in rural population in Taliparamba Taluk. The urban population in all the Taluks and district had increased considerably during 2001-2011. The urban growth-rates for the urban areas of the District during 2001-2011 were 35.3 per cent. All the taluks registered a positive urban growth. The urban growth rates are 103.5 per cent, 21.5 per cent and 33.5 per cent for Taliparamba, Kannur and thalassery Taluks respectively. The growth of urban population in the district is on account of increase in number of towns in 2001-2011. Density One of the important indices of population concentration is the density of population. It is defined as the number of persons per square kilometre. With 179 persons per square kilometre in 1901, the density of the District has increased to 852 persons per square kilometre in 2011. The density has grown more than four-fold during the last hundred and ten years. The ratio of density in 1901 and 2011 is 1: 4.8. The increase in density is continuous. The density of the District remained below 400 persons per square kilometre up to 1961 Census. In 1971 Census, the density of the District witnessed a great jump and as a result it had exceeded 500 persons per sq.km. In density the District occupies the 9th place both in 2001 and 2011 Censuses. The density of Kannur District is also lower than the State average (860 persons per sq.km.). The density of population in 2001 and 2011 of Kannur district and its taluks are shown in statement-3. Statement 3 State/District/Taluk Density of Population 2001 2011 Kerala State 819 860 Kannur District 812 852 Taliparamba Taluk 545 574 Kannur Taluk 1738 1823 Thalassery Taluk 775 807

Within the District, among the Taluks, there is considerable variation in density. The density ranges from 574 per sq.km. to 1823 per sq.km. in the Taluks. The density of Taliparamba Taluk (574 ) is the lowest while Kannur Taluk has witnessed the highest density of 1823 persons per sq.km.The density of Kannur Taluk is more than three-fold greater than Taliparamba Taluk and more than two-fold greater than Talassery Taluk. If the rural areas of the Taluks are considered, it is seen that the rural areas of Kannur Taluk has the highest density of 809 persons per sq.km. It is two-fold more than the rural density of the other two Taluks.Taliparamba and Talassery Taluks have densities 450 and 428 persons per sq.km. Their density is below the rural density of the District (451) and the State (559).In the urban areas of the Taluks highest density is reported in the urban areas of Kannur Taluk with 1952 persons per sq.km. followed by Talassery Taluk with 1647 persons per sq.km. All the three Taluks have urban density above 1000. The urban density of Kannur and Talassery Taluks are higher than the urban density of the District (1635)and the urban density of Kannur district is less than the urban density of the State (2097). 23 Towns have reported density above 2000, of which 9 have density even above 3000. Among the seven statutory towns only Mattanur (M) had a density (867) below 1000. Sex-ratio An alarming increase observed in sex ratio of the district in 2011 as the district reported first posi- tion in sex ratio among the districts with 1136 women for 1000 men. The District had the 6th position in 1991 and the 3rd position in 2001. Within the District also alarming increase in sex ratio observed in all taluks in 2011. All the taluks except Taliparamba reported a sex-ratio more than the District and the State averages. The sex ratio of

55 Taliparamba Taluk (1091) which is lower among the taluks in the district is more than the State average (1084) . In 2011, the sex ratio of Kannur Taluk reached 1180. In the rural areas of the District, the sex ratio was in favour of females in all the Censuses. In 1901, beginning with a rural sex ratio of 1063, it has attained only a 73 point increase in sex ratio during the last 110 years. Statement - 4 shows 2001 and 2011 sex ratio of the District and the taluks. Statement 4

State/District/Taluk Total/ Sex-ratio Rural/ 2001 Census 2011 Census Urban Total 1058 1084 Kerala State Rural 1059 1078 Urban 1058 1091 Total 1090 1136 Kannur District Rural 1067 1072 Urban 1112 1171 Total 1054 1091 Taliparamba Taluk Rural 1047 1060 Urban 1088 1148 Total 1108 1180 Kannur Taluk Rural 1147 1192 Urban 1100 1179 Total 1103 1136 Thalassery Taluk Rural 1072 1076 Urban 1136 1172

In rural areas of Kannur the sex ratio is reported as 1072 in 2011. In all the three Taluks, irrespective of rural urban sex ratio has witnessed an increase during 2001-2011 in tune with the increase had in state level sex ratio. In urban area the sex ratio of the district increased to 1171 in 2011 and in all taluks also the same trend observed. The urban sex ratio of Taliparamba Taluk is 1148; Kannur Taluk is 1179 and Thalassery Taluk 1172 respectively in 2011. The sex ratio of the District in 2001 and 2011 is diagrammatically depicted below:

In case of urban areas, all towns except Kannur Cantonment registered a sex ratio favouring women in 2011. 20 towns had sex ratio above 1200. The highest sex ratio of urban population was in (CT) with 1260 and lowest in Irikkur CT (1066) though Kannur Cantonment has a sex ratio (408) in 2011, considering the male predominance in the area due to the existence of military camp.

56 Work Participation Rate In 2001 Census, Kannur District had 31.9 per cent workers. The work participation rate among main and marginal workers was 26.02 per cent and 5.8 per cent respectively. The residual portion constituted non-workers. In the rural areas the work participation rate of workers and marginal workers was high as compared to urban areas. The percentage of male workers among total workers, main workers and marginal workers were higher compared to female workers. More than 40 per cent of the male population was main workers. This is true both in the rural and the urban areas of the district. There were more marginal female workers in rural area than in urban area. In 2011 Census, the total work participation rate has increased in the total, rural and urban areas of the district. Similar increase in total work participation rate is also seen among males and females. As was the trend in 2001, rural area has registered higher work participation rate for males and females than urban. Statement-5 shows state/ district and taluks main, marginal and non workers 2001 and 2011. Statement 5 State/District/Taluk Percentage to Total Population Main worker Marginal worker Non worker 2001 2011 2001 2011 2001 2011 Kerala State 25.9 27.9 6.4 6.9 67.7 65.2 Kannur District 26.0 27.5 5.8 5.1 68.2 67.3 Taliparamba Taluk 26.6 29.2 8.1 6.1 65.3 64.7 Kannur Taluk 25.2 25.5 4.1 4.1 70.7 70.4 Thalassery Taluk 26.3 27.8 5.4 5.3 68.3 67.0

The work participation rate in the District is diagramatically depicted below:

Among the Taluks, in 2001 Census, the work participation rate of 34.7 per cent is recorded in Taliparamba Taluk, 31.7 per cent in Thalassery Taluk and 29.3 per cent in Kannur Taluk. There was more than five percentage point difference between the work participation rates of Taliparamba and Kannur Taluks. The highest work participation rate among males (52.2 per cent) and females (18.1 per cent) is also retained by Taliparamba Taluk. Among main workers, Taliparamba Taluk has again registered the highest work participation rate. Coming to marginal workers, it is again seen that the highest work participation rate among marginal workers is in Taliparamba Taluk. However, the second position in respect of work

57 participation rate among male marginal workers is taken by Kannur Taluk. Thalassery Taluk holds second position as regards total workers, main workers and marginal workers as also for males and females among total workers and main workers and females among marginal workers. In 2011 Census, the total work participation rate has increased in all the Taluks. The male work participation rate has crossed 53 per cent in Taliparamba Taluk and is above 52 per cent in Thalassery Taluk. In 2001, in rural area of the District, the rural areas of Taliparamba Taluk is showing the highest work participation rate among workers, main workers and marginal workers with 35.4 per cent, 26.5 per cent and 8.9 per cent respectively.

The position in 2011 Census shows that except for Kannur Taluk there has been increase in work participation rate in the rural areas of the Taluks. The work participation rate among male and female workers in the rural areas of Kannur Taluk is found to be decreased. However among female workers the work participation rate has declined from 12.6 percent to 11 percent in Kannur Taluk.

Category of Workers The four broad categories into which workers are divided are cultivators, agricultural labourers, household industry workers and other workers. The percentage of other workers as per 2011 census is the highest in the District as well as in the Taluks. It is 83.9 per cent in the District and ranges in between 78.8 per cent to 93.1 per cent among the Taluks in 2011. It is shown in the following Statement-6.

Statement - 6

State/District/Taluk Percentage to Total Workers

Household Industry Cultivators Agricultural Labourers Other workers Workers

2001 2011 2001 2011 2001 2011 2001 2011 Kerala State 7 5.8 15.8 11.4 3.6 2.3 73.6 80.5 Kannur District 6 4.4 13.3 10.1 2.5 1.6 78.3 83.9 Taliparamba Taluk 7.2 6.7 14.9 13.3 1.8 1.2 76.2 78.8 Kannur Taluk 1.5 1.1 6 3.8 3.5 2 89 93.1 Thalassery Taluk 8.2 5 17.3 11.9 2.4 1.5 72.1 81.6

The next category which follows other workers in respect of the highest percentage of workers is the category of agricultural labourers with 10.1 per cent in the District. Among the Taluks it is as low as 3.8 per cent in Kannur Taluk. Thaliparamba Taluk records the highest percentage of agricultural labourers (13.3) among the Taluks. In the District, the category next to agricultural labourers with the highest percentage of workers is cultivators. Their percentage is 4.4 in the District. Among the Taluks, in Kannur Taluk, the category with the highest percentage of workers next to the category of agricultural labourers is household industry workers (2.0 per cent). In both agricultural labourers and cultivators, Taliparamba and Thalassery Taluks are having higher percentage of workers than the District average. In case of other workers, Kannur Taluk (93.1) is registering higher percentage of workers than the District average (83.9). The category with the lowest percentage of workers is household industry (1.6) in the District. Kannur Taluk is the only Taluk in the District with higher percentage of household industry workers (2.0) than the District average (1.6). The category of workers in the District is diagramatically depicted below.

58 In the rural areas of the District, the percentage of cultivators, agricultural labourers, household industry workers and other workers are 9.3, 17.1, 1.2 and 72.4 respectively. In the rural areas of all the Taluks the percentage of workers is the highest in the category of other workers, followed by agricultural labourers, cultivators and lastly household industry workers. In the urban areas of the District, the proportion of workers in the three categories of cultivators, agricultural labourers and household industry workers are 1.3, 5.6 and 1.8 respectively. There are 91.3 per cent workers in the category of other workers. In the urban area of the Taluks, the second predominant category engaging higher percentage of workers next to agricultural labourers is the category of household industry workers. Literacy In 2011 Census, there are 21,38,434 literates in the District with a break-up of 10,12,956 male literates and 11,25,478 female literates. The rate of literacy for the District as a whole is worked out as 95.1 per cent as against 94 per cent for the State. It shows that the literacy rate of the District is higher than the State average. The present literacy rate is about 2.5 per cent higher than the literacy rate in 2001 Census (92.6 per th ce n t). It h as th e 5 position among the Districts of the State in literacy. Statement –7 shows the literacy rate district, taluk rural – urban of 2001 and 2011 . Statement 7 State /District/Taluk Total/ Rural/ Literacy rate Urban 2001 2011 Kerala State Total 90.9 94.0 Rural 90.0 93.0 Urban 93.2 95.1 Kannur District Total 92.6 95.1 Rural 91.0 93.7 Urban 94.1 95.9 Taliparamba Taluk Total 90.9 93.9 Rural 90.6 93.7 Urban 92.0 94.1 Kannur Taluk Total 93.5 95.9 Rural 90.6 94.1 Urban 94.1 96.0 Thalassery Taluk Total 93.2 95.4 Rural 91.7 93.6 Urban 94.8 96.5

59 If we analyse the rural and the urban literacy rate of the District for 2001 and 2011 Censuses it can be seen that both the rural and the urban literacy rate of the District have increased during 2001-2011. The rural literacy rate has increased from 91.0 per cent to 93. 7 per cent and that of urban literacy rate from 94.1 per cent to 95.9 per cent. The rate of increase of rural literacy is higher than the urban literacy during the corresponding period. The total, rural and urban literacy rate of the District is diagramatically depicted below:

Sex-wise break-up of literacy rate further shows that the male literacy rate of the District for 2011 Census is 97.2 per cent and that for female is 93.3 per cent. As compared to 2001 Census, both male and female litereacy rates have improved in 2011. About 3.9 per cent increase in literacy rate of females has been witnessed during 2001-2011 as compared to an increase of about one per cent in male literacy rate during the corresponding period. The break-up of male-female literacy rates in rural and urban areas further reveals that male literacy rate has increased from 95.2 per cent to 96.2 per cent in rural areas and 97.1 per cent to 97.8 per cent in urban area in 2011 Census. The rate of increase of male literacy during 2001- 2011 in urban areas is less than one per cent and it is about 1 per cent in rural areas. In the case of female literacy rate, it has increased from 87.2 per cent to 91.3 per cent and 91.5 per cent to 94.3 per cent in 2011 in rural and urban areas respectively. The rate of increase of female literacy rate is about four per cent in rural areas and it is about 2.8 per cent in urban areas. Among the taluks, the literacy rate is uniform except in Taliparamba Taluk. It is 93.9 per cent in Taliparamba Taluk and is also less than the District average (95.1 per cent). In Kannur and Thalassery taluks, the literacy rate is almost uniform. It is 95.9 per cent in Kannur Taluk and 95.4 per cent in Thalassery Taluk. However, in all the taluks, the literacy rate is above 90 per cent. In Kannur and Thalassery taluks, the literacy rate is even higher than the District average (95.1 per cent). In the rural areas of the taluks, the literacy rate is almost uniform with Kannur Taluk registering a marginally higher literacy rate. In the rural areas of taluks as a whole, the literacy rate is less than the District average (95.1 per cent). The literacy rate is above 90 per cent in the rural areas of taluks. However, the rural areas except the rural areas of Thalassery Taluk are showing a literacy rate greater than the District average for rural areas. In 2001 the rural area of Thalassery Taluk was reported to have a higher literacy rate

60 than the District average for rural (91.0 per cent) and the rural areas of Taliparamba Taluk and Kannur Taluks were reported to have a lower literacy rate than the District average for rural. As compared to 2001, the rural areas of taluks have registered an increase in literacy rate during 2001-2011. Coming to urban areas of taluks, the literacy rate ranges from 94.1 per cent in Taliparamba Taluk to 96.5 per cent in Thalassery Taluk and the literacy rate of Kannur Taluk is 96.0 per cent. In Kannur and Thalassery taluks, the urban literacy rate is above the District average (95.1 per cent) and both of these taluks are showing literacy rate higher than the District urban average (95.9 per cent). The urban literacy rate of Taliparamba Taluk (94.1 per cent) is marginally less than the District average for urban area (95.9 per cent). The break-up of male female literacy rate in the rural areas of Taluks shows that in all the Taluks, the male literacy rate was above 94 per cent in 2001. Kannur (95.5 per cent) and Thalassery (95.4 per cent) Taluks had registered a higher male rural literacy rate than the District average for rural areas (95.2 per cent) in 2001. In 2011 Census, the male rural literacy rate has increased in all the Taluks. It has exceeded 96 per cent in all the Taluks. All the Taluks except Thalassery Taluk are showing male literacy rate higher than the male District average for rural areas (96.2 per cent). As regards females, the literacy rate was above 85 per cent in the rural areas of all the Taluks in 2001. However, only rural areas of Thalassery Taluk were reported to have a higher literacy rate than the female District average for rural areas (87.2 per cent). In 2011 Census, the female literacy rate has increased in the rural areas of all the taluks. The District average for females in the rural areas has increased from 87.2 per cent in 2001 to 91.3 per cent in 2011. The rural female literacy rate is uniform in all the Taluks where it is about 91 per cent. In Kannur Taluk, the rural female literacy rate is the highest (92.0per cent) and Kannur and Taliparamba Taluks are showing female literacy rate higher than the District average for females in the rural areas. It is however lower than the District average for females (93.3 per cent). All the three Taluks are having rural female literacy rate lower than the District average for females both in the total. In the urban areas of all Taluks, male literacy rate is uniform. It is 97.1 per cent in Taliparamba Taluk, 97.83 per cent in Kannur Taluk and 97.9 per cent in Thalassery Taluk. Taliparamba Taluk is showing a little lower literacy rate (97.1 per cent) as compared to these two taluks. In all the Taluks, the male literacy rate is above 97 per cent and is also higher than the District average for males (97.2 per cent) except for Taliparanba Taluk (97.1 per cent). As regards female literacy rate in urban areas of Taluks, it ranges from 91.5 per cent in Taliparamba Taluk to 95.3 per cent in Thalassery Taluk. In Kannur (94.5 per cent) and Thalassery (95.3 per cent) Taluks, the urban female literacy rate is above 90 per cent and is above the District average for females in urban areas (94.3 per cent). In 2011 Census, among the 67 Towns, the highest literacy rate is reported in Eranholi CT (98.3 per cent) and the lowest in Irikkur CT (92.0 per cent). In all the Towns, the literacy rate is above 92 per cent. None of the towns have male literacy rate below 96 per cent. The highest male literacy rate of 98.8 per cent is reported in three towns namely CT, Peralassery CT and Eranholi CT. The lowest position goes to CT (96.1 per cent). There are 3 Towns having female literacy rate less than 90 per cent. These Towns are Kolacherry CT (89. 9 per cent, CT (89.7 per cent) and Irikkur CT (88.1 per cent). Eranholi CT is reported to have the highest female literacy rate of 97.9 per cent. The lowest female literacy rate is reported in Irikkur CT (88.1 per cent). Male- female Gap in literacy The difference between male and female literacy rates has come down and for the district the gap in 2011 is only 3.9 wherein in 2001 it was 6.7. All the taluks also registered a similar trend of declining gap.The gap in literacy of the district is less than the state average (4.0). Among taluks gap is high in Taliparamba and is 5.2 in 2011 which in 2001 was 8.5. In other 2 taluks the gap is less than the district average. The literacy rate of the males and females are diagramatically depicted in the next page.

61 Statement -8 shows the gap in literacy of the State/District/Taluks.

Statement-8

State/District/Taluk Gap in Literacy 2001 Gap in Literacy in 2011 Kerala State 6.5 4.0 Kannur District 6.7 3.9 Taliparamba Taluk 8.5 5.2 Kannur Taluk 6.1 3.4 Thalassery Taluk 5.9 3.4

Availability of University Education The main University in the district is . Kannur University was established in 1996 to provide development of higher education in Kasaragod, Kannur, and Wayanad districts of Kerala. Kannur University is a multi-campus university, at Kannur, Kasargod, Mananthavady, Payyannur, Thalassery, and . Central University of Kerala (CUK) is one of the 15 new Central Universities established under The Central Universities Act, 2009 (Act No.25 of 2009). CUK aims to extend the scope of learning through a holistic methodology that accommodates diverse linguistic, scientific and cultural traditions. CUK is situated at Kasaragod, the northern-most district of Kerala, and has state-wide jurisdiction. Kerala Folklore Akademi is an autonomous corporate body constituted by the Government of Kerala on 28 June 1995 under the Cultural Affairs Department, Government of Kerala. Its headquarters and main study center is at Kannur in the North Malabar Region of Kerala State in Southern India. Kannur Medical College was established in 2006 at with a 500-bed hospital. Religion The collection of data on religion has been a part of Census since 1872 as religious composition of population is significant from socio-economic and demographic point of view. The data on religion was collected in 2011 Census through Question No.7 of Household Schedule where names and codes of 6 main religions were shown to facilitate the enumerator to report the code of the concerned religion of the

62 individual in the box provided. In the case of other religions, space has been provided to record the actual name. In the District, the three predominant religious groups are Hindus, Muslims and Christians. Other religious communities such as Sikhs, Buddhists and Jains are insignificant, as their percentage to total population is very negligible. In 2011 Census, out of 2523003; 1509592 persons of Kannur District are reported as hindus, 742483 are Muslims and 262526 are Christians. Besides the above three major religious groups, there are 1118 Buddhists, 193 Jains, 424 Sikhs. There are 722 persons belonging to other religious persuasions. The number of persons who have not stated their religions due to reasons unknown are 5945. Hindus, Muslims and Christians constitute about 99.66 per cent of the total population of the district. More than half of the population are Hindus (59.83 per cent). Hindus (59.83 per cent), Muslims (29.43 per cent) and Christians (10.4 per cent) together account for 39.83 per cent of the total population. c) Mother tongue, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Mother-tongue of 2001 Census Information on language is being collected from 1881 collected in India in the Census of 1881 onwards. Information on mother- tongue, which is defined as the language ordinarily spoken in the parental home of each person was collected. In 1891 also similar information was collected. In 1901, the language ordinarily used by the person was collected. In 1911, the language ordinarily spoken by a person in his own home was collected. In the later Censuses, information on language was collected generally following the above definition. In 1961 Census, mother-tongue was defined as the language spoken in the childhood by the person’s mother to the person or mainly spoken in the household. The same definition was followed in 1971. Information on bilingualism also had been collected in the Census since 1901. However there were changes in the implication of the questions in this respect. In the Census of India 1981, a new question on the ‘language mainly spoken in the household’ was asked in the Household Schedule along with two usual language questions on ‘mother-tongue’ and ‘other languages known’ in the Individual Slip. In the Census of India, 1981, if a person had a working knowledge to converse with understanding in any of the languages, Indian or Foreign, other than his mother-tongue, a maximum of two such languages were recorded in the order in which he/she spoke and understood them best. In 1981, a question on the languages mainly spoken in the household was not canvassed in the case of institutional households, which are linguistically heterogeneous. In 1991 Census, two questions on language were asked viz. ‘mother-tongue’ and ‘two other languages known’ through Question Nos. 6 and 7 respectively. In the Individual Slip ‘mother tongue’ was considered as the language spoken in the childhood by the person’s mother to the person. If the mother died in infancy, the language mainly spoken in the person’s home in childhood was considered as the mother- tongue. In the case of infants and deaf mutes, the language usually spoken by the mother was treated as mother-tongue. In case of any doubt, language mainly spoken in the household was considered. In 2001 and 2011 same questions were being canvassed. Statement 9 shows the number of speakers of prominent languages in the District during 2001 Census. Statement-9 Name of Prominent Languages No. of speakers Malayalam 2383901 Tamil 9560 Gujarathi 3364 2512

Out of 22 Scheduled Languages in the District, Malayalam, the mother-tongue of most Keralites has 2383901 speakers constituting 98.96 per cent of the total population. The three other important mother- tongues reported in the District are Tamil, Gujarathi and Kannada with 9560, 3364 and 2512 speakers respec- tively. They constitute 0.40 per cent, 0.1 per cent and 0.1 per cent respectively of the total population.Telugu

63 and Hindi are other spoken languages in the District with 2333 and 2102 speakers, which constitute 0.1per cent and 0.1 per cent of the total population.

d) Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe Population of 2011 Census According to 2011 Census the population of Scheduled Caste in the District was 83350 consisting of 40260 males and 43090 females. This accounts for 2.7 per cent of SC population in the State. As per 2001 Census there were 98991 Scheduled Castes consisting of 48275 males and 50716 females in the District. The decadal decrease among Scheduled Caste population in the district was -15.8 per cent as against -2.7 per cent in the State during 2001-2011. This decrease owes mainly to the change in Caste/Tribe composition in the scheduled caste–tribe lists in 2011. During 2001 Census there were 68 Scheduled Castes, out of which 2 castes- Karimpalan and Mavilan have been reclassified as Scheduled Tribes. Some of the castes gone out of the list such as Bandi, Bellara, Boyan, Gavara, Godagali, Godda, Panchama and some castes added to along with other castes in the lists there by 16 numbers were reduced from the list of 2001 in 2011. Statement 10 shows the percentage of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes to total population of State/ District and Taluks during 2011 Census. Statement-10 Percentage to total population State/District/Taluk Scheduled Castes Scheduled Tribes Kerala State 9.1 1.5 Kannur District 2.7 8.5 Taliparamba Taluk 0.9 3.5 Kannur Taluk 1.3 0.4 Thalassery Taluk 0.5 4.6

The population of Scheduled Tribes in the District in 2011 is 41371 consisting of 20141 males and 21230 females. This accounted for 9 per cent of Scheduled Tribe population in the State. The major Tribes in the District in 2011 are Paniyan, Karimpalan, Kurichchan, Mavilan and malavettuvan. Scheduled Castes population in the district is 2.7 per cent of total population. Scheduled Tribe population is 8.5 per cent of total population. Among taluks, Kannur has highest per cent of Scheduled Caste population (1.3 per cent) and Thalassery has highest Scheduled Tribe population (4.6 per cent). The sex-ratio of Scheduled Caste population in the District was 1070, which was lower than the general sex-ratio (1136) of the District and that of the State (1084). Statement 11 shows the Sex Ratio of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes of State, District and Taluks during 2011 Census. Statement-11 State/District/Taluk Total/ Rural/ Sex-ratio Urban Scheduled Castes Scheduled Tribes Total 1057 1035 Kerala State Rural 1057 1031 Urban 1056 1070 Total 1070 1054 Kannur District Rural 1048 1051 Urban 1079 1076 Total 1049 1044 Taliparamba Taluk Rural 1047 1042 Urban 1051 1097 Total 1089 1047 Kannur Taluk Rural 1091 852 Urban 1089 1057 Total 1065 1044 Thalassery Taluk Rural 1044 1060 Urban 1078 1086

64 The sex ratio of Scheduled Tribe population in the District was 1054, which was lower than the general sex-ratio (1136) of the District and that of the State (1084).

In Kerala the literacy rate of Scheduled Castes in 2011 Census was 88.7 per cent and that of Sched- uled Tribes was 75.8 per cent against the literacy rate of 94 per cent of the State as a whole. Kannur District has 93.1 per cent Scheduled Caste population as literates and 77.9 per cent Scheduled Tribe population as literates. All the Districts had above 81 per cent of literacy rate. The highest literacy rate among Scheduled Castes was in with 94.6 per cent and the lowest in with 81.1 per cent. Among the total Scheduled Castes population in Kannur District the male literacy rate was 96.11 per cent and female literacy rate was 90.2 per cent. In the case of rural Scheduled Caste population the male literacy rate was 94.9 per cent and female literacy rate is 88.0 per cent while urban literacy rate among male was 96.6 per cent and 91.1 per cent is for female. Statement 12 shows the Literacy Rate of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes of State / District/ Taluk during 2011 Census.

Statement-12

State/District/Taluk Literacy rate (Persons) Scheduled Castes Scheduled Tribes Kerala State 88.7 75.8 Kannur District 93.1 77.9 Taliparamba Taluk 91.7 81.5 Kannur Taluk 93.5 93.3 Thalassery Taluk 94.4 73.8

The literacy rate of Scheduled Tribes in Kerala in 2011 was 75.8 per cent, 80.8 per cent and 71.1 per cent respectively for persons, males and females. Among the Districts the highest literacy rate of Scheduled Tribes in the State was in Kottayam with 94.3 per cent and the lowest in Palakkad District with 61.5 per cent. The literacy rate among Scheduled Tribes in Kannur District was 77.9 per cent, 83.4 per cent and 72.7 per cent respectively for persons, males and females. In the case of Scheduled Tribes in the District rural the literacy rate was 76.3 per cent, 82.1 per cent and 70.8 per cent respectively for persons, males and females. The urban literacy rate among the Scheduled Tribes was greater than that of rural literacy rate, i.e., 89.9 per cent, 93.3 per cent and 86.7 per cent respectively for persons, males and females. Among the Scheduled Castes in the District 41.6 per cent were workers and 58.46 per cent were non-workers. Main Workers and marginal workers accounted for 34.2 per cent and 7.3 per cent respectively. Among Scheduled Castes 58.3 per cent of males were workers, as against 26.0 per cent female workers. As far as main work is concerned female participation is less than that of male. In the District 6.7 per cent of females have marginal work against 7.3 per cent of males. Among the main workers of Scheduled Castes in the District 10.0 per cent were agricultural labourers, 88.2 per cent were other workers. The lowest percentage of main workers was in household industry (1.0 per cent) and cultivators (0.8 per cent). Among Scheduled Tribes in the District, the majority of main workers were other workers (56.0 per cent) as in the case of Scheduled Castes. Among the main workers of Scheduled Tribes in the District 40.5 per cent were agricultural labourers, 3.1 per cent were cultivators and 0.4 per cent were engaged in household industry works.

65 v) BRIEF ANALYSIS OF PCA DATA BASED ON INSET TABLES 1 TO 35

Tables 1 to 35 are based on PCA Data and Tables 36 to 45 are based on Village and Town Directory. Brief analysis of each of these Tables is presented below. During 2011 Census the inset tables contained in District Census Hand Book were generated using computer software as done in 2001 Census.

Table 1: Decadal change in population of Tahsils by residence, 2001-2011

Sl. Tahsil Population Percentage Percentage No. decadal variation urban 2001-2011 population 2001 2011 Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban 2001 2011 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Taliparamba 725691 589450 136241 764888 487590 277298 5.40 -17.28 103.53 18.77 36.25 Kannur 748465 134736 613729 784984 39161 745823 4.88 -70.94 21.52 82.00 95.01 Thalassery 934800 471872 462928 973131 355266 617865 4.10 -24.71 33.47 49.52 63.49 District Total: 2408956 1196058 1212898 2523003 882017 1640986 4.73 -26.26 35.29 50.35 65.04

Table-1, gives the District and the Taluk-wise population for 2001 and 2011 and percentage decadal variation for 2001-2011 with rural and urban break-up and percentage of urban population to total population for 2001 and 2011 Censuses. The decadal variation for the District is 4.73 per cent with -26.26 per cent for rural and 35.29 per cent for urban. Rural decadal variation is negative in all the Taluks as well district level because of the increase in census towns. It is to be noted that urban decadal variation is the highest in Taliparamba Taluk (103.53 per cent). The percentage of urban population to total population has also increased in all taluks as well district as a whole in 2011.

Table 2: Number and percentage of inhabited villages in specified population size ranges with the related population, 2011 (Rural) Sr. Name of Taluk Total Total rural population Number and Population less Number and Population 200 - No. number of percentage than 200 percentage 499 inhabited of village of village villages Persons Males Females Males Females Males Females

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

1 05632-Taliparamba 32 4,87,590 2,36,718 2,50,872 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 2 05633-Kannur 2 39,161 17,862 21,299 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 3 05634-Thalassery 22 3,55,266 1,71,102 1,84,164 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 Total 56 8,82,017 4,25,682 4,56,335 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 0 ( 0 %) 0 0

66 Table 2: Number and percentage of inhabited villages in specified population size ranges with the related population, 2011 (Rural) (Contd…)

Sr. Name of Taluk Number and Population 500 - 999 Number and Population 1000 - Number Population 2000 - No. percentage percentage 1999 and 4999 of village of village percentage of village

Males Females Males Females Males Females

1 2 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

1 05632-Taliparamba 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 0 ( 0 %) 0 0

2 05633-Kannur 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 0 ( 0 %) 0 0

3 05634-Thalassery 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 0 ( 0 %) 0 0

Total 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 0 ( 0 %) 0 0

Table 2: Number and percentage of inhabited villages in specified population size ranges with the related population, 2011 (Rural) (Contd…)

Sr.No. Name of Taluk Number and Population 5000 - 9999 Number and Population 10000 and above percentage percentage of of village village

Males Females Males Females

1 2 22 23 24 25 26 27

1 05632-Taliparamba 8 ( 25 %) 31,946 34,977 24 ( 75 %) 2,04,772 2,15,895

2 05633-Kannur 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 2 ( 100 %) 17,862 21,299

3 05634-Thalassery 4 ( 18 %) 14,668 15,753 18 ( 82 %) 1,56,434 1,68,411

Total 12 ( 21 %) 46,614 50,730 44 ( 79 %) 3,79,068 4,05,605

Table-2, gives the number and percentage of inhabited villages in specified population size ranges with the related population as per census 2011. In the District in all, there are 56 inhabited villages. About 79 per cent of the villages (44 villages) in the District have population 10,000 and above. The remaining 21 per cent of the villages (12 villages) are having population between 5000 – 9999. In Taliparamba taluk 75 per cent villages have population 10,000 and above (24 villages). Kannur Taluk 100 per cent villages have population 10,000 and above (2 villages). In Thalassery taluk 82 per cent villages have population 10,000 and above (18 villages).

67 Table 3: New towns, de-notified, declassified and merged town in 2011 census

(a) New (i) Statutory town Nil (ii) Census town 22 Karivellur (CT) 1) Pariyaram (CT) 2) Kurumathur (CT) 3) Irikkur (CT) 4) Kuttiattoor (CT) 5) Mayyil (CT) 6) Kolacherry (CT) 7) (CT) 8) (CT) 9) (CT) 10) (CT) 11) (CT) 12) Madayi(CT) 13) Cherukunnu(CT) 14) Koodali (CT) 15) (CT) 16) (CT) 17) Kandamkunnu(CT) 18) Manantheri (CT) 19) Eruvatti (CT) 20) (CT) 21) Kolavelloor (CT) 22)

(b) Denotified (i) Statutory towns of 2001 census denotified and also did not satisfy the criteria to be treated as Nil census towns.

(ii) Statutory towns of 2001 census denotified but identified as census towns based on demographic and Nil economic criteria.

(iii) Census towns of 2001 census are notified as statutory town in 2011 census. Nil

(c ) Declassified Nil

(d) Wholly merged with other town(s). Nil

*Declassified means the census towns of 2001 census which failed to satisfy the demographic and economic criteria.

68 Table -3 gives the details of new towns, de-notified, declassified and merged town in 2011 Census. In 2011 Census, 22 Census Towns have been newly added and had no declassification/ de notification of towns. Table 4: Sex ratio of the state and district, 1901-2011 Census Year Kerala State Kannur District Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1901 1004 1008 953 1060 1063 1035 1911 1008 1012 957 1079 1083 1041 1921 1011 1016 958 1121 1123 1106 1931 1022 1028 964 1106 1110 1074 1941 1027 1033 979 1110 1121 1019 1951 1028 1033 992 1074 1075 1059 1961 1022 1027 991 1048 1059 999 1971 1016 1020 997 1033 1037 1007 1981 1032 1034 1021 1040 1040 1038 1991 1036 1037 1034 1049 1028 1071 2001 1058 1059 1058 1090 1067 1112 2011 1084 1078 1091 1136 1072 1171 Note :- Sex ratio has been defined here as the number of females per 1000 males

Table- 4 provides sex- ratio of the State and the District separately for total, rural and urban areas for 1901 to 2011 Censuses. The trend of sex-ratio of the State reveals that, there is a continuous increase in the sex-ratio up to 1951 Census. Thereafter sex-ratio has declined in 1961 and 1971 Censuses. Since 1981, sex- ratio is steadily increasing. The sex-ratio of 2011 Census has broken the records of all previous Censuses with 1084 females per 1000 males. In the District, the trend of sex-ratio is not uniform. Up to 1921 Census, there was continuous increase in sex-ratio. Thereafter the sex-ratio had alternately declined and increased up to 1951 Census. From 1951 Census onwards, there was continuous decline in sex-ratio up to 1971 Census. Since 1981 Census, sex-ratio has steadily increased and reached at 1136 females per 1000 males in 2011 Census. Table 5: Sex ratio by Taluk, 2011 Sr.No. Name of Taluk Sex ratio Total Rural Urban 1 2 3 4 5 1 05632-Taliparamba 1091 1060 1148 2 05633-Kannur 1180 1192 1179 3 05634-Thalassery 1136 1076 1172 District: 589-Kannur 1136 1072 1171

Table-5 provides the District and Taluk-wise sex-ratio with rural and urban break-up. Urban sex-ratio of the District is higher than the rural sex-ratio. All taluks have sex-ratio above 1000. In Kannur taluk the total sex-ratio is higher than the District sex-ratio and Taliparamba taluk has lowest sex ratio (1091).

69 Table 6: Sex ratio by CD Blocks, 2011 Sr.No. Name of CD block Sex ratio

1 2 3

1 0005-Payyannur 1087 2 0006-Taliparamba 1065

3 0007-Irikkur 1055 4 0008-Kannur 0

5 0009-Edakkad 0 6 0010-Iritty 1050

7 0011- 1064 8 0012-Koothuparamba 1161

9 0013-Thalassery 0 Total 1072

Table-6 provides CD Block wise sex-ratio. There are 9 C D Blocks in Kannur District of which three CD Blocks viz., Kannur, Edakkad and Thalassery CD Blocks are purely urban. In the remaining six rural CD Blocks, sex-ratio is higher than 1000 and in two CD Blocks viz., Payyannur, Koothuparamba, sex- ratio is even higher than the District average for rural areas (1072).

Table 7: Sex ratio of rural population by ranges, 2011

Range of sex ratio for Number of inhabited Percentage of villages in Population 2011 Percentage villages villages each range distribution of population

1 2 3 4 5

Less than 700 0 0.00 0 0.00 700 - 749 0 0.00 0 0.00 750 - 799 0 0.00 0 0.00 800 - 849 0 0.00 0 0.00 850 - 899 0 0.00 0 0.00 900 - 949 1 1.79 16721 1.90 950 - 999 2 3.57 48311 5.48 1000 - 1099 35 62.50 570471 64.68 1100+ 18 32.14 246514 27.95 District: Kannur (589) 56 100 882017 100 Sex ratio District (Rural):1072

In table-7, 56 inhabited villages of the District are distributed in nine ranges of sex-ratio based on the total sex-ratio of villages. In Kannur District, 62.50 per cent of the villages (35 villages) have sex-ratio range 1000 – 1099. 32.14 per cent of the villages (18 villages) have sex ratio and they cover 27.95 per cent population. 3 villages are lying in the range below 1000.

70 Table 8: Sex ratio of towns, 2011 Sr.No. Name of town Urban status of town Sex ratio 1 2 3 4 1 803257-Payyannur (M) (M) 1159 2 803258-Taliparamba (M) (M) 1145 3 627209-Karivellur (CT) (CT) 1159 4 627210-Pariyaram (CT) (CT) 1130 5 627211-Kurumathur (CT) (CT) 1137 6 627212-Irikkur (CT) (CT) 1066 7 627213-Kuttiattoor (CT) (CT) 1112 8 627214-Mayyil (CT) (CT) 1165 9 627215-Kolacherry (CT) (CT) 1179 10 627216-Cheleri (CT) (CT) 1226 11 627217-Maniyoor (CT) (CT) 1149 12 803259-Kannur (M) (M) 1161 13 803260-Kannur Cantonment (CB) (CB) 408 14 627220-Kunhimangalam (CT) (CT) 1248 15 627221-Cheruthazham (CT) (CT) 1163 16 627222-Kadannappalli (CT) (CT) 1151 17 627223-Ezhome (CT) (CT) 1210 18 627224-Madayi (CT) (CT) 1220 19 627225-Cherukunnu (CT) (CT) 1252 20 627226- (CT) (CT) 1246 21 627227- (CT) (CT) 1190 22 627228- (CT) (CT) 1198 23 627229-Kalliasseri (CT) (CT) 1206 24 627230-Azhikode North (CT) (CT) 1179 25 627231-Azhikode South (CT) (CT) 1216 26 627232-Valapattanam (CT) (CT) 1163 27 627233-Chirakkal (CT) (CT) 1159 28 627234- (CT) (CT) 1258 29 627235-Munderi (CT) (CT) 1189 30 627236-Kanhirode (CT) (CT) 1163 31 627237-Varam (CT) (CT) 1220 32 627238-Puzhathi (CT) (CT) 1081 33 627239-Pallikkunnu (CT) (CT) 1185 34 627240-Elayavoor (CT) (CT) 1186 35 627241- (CT) (CT) 1206 36 627242-Ancharakandy (CT) (CT) 1163 37 627243- (CT) (CT) 1189 38 627244-Chala (CT) (CT) 1220 39 627245- (CT) (CT) 1208 40 627246-Kadachira (CT) (CT) 1182 41 627247- (CT) (CT) 1197

71 Table 8: Sex ratio of towns, 2011 Sr.No. Name of town Urban status of town Sex ratio

1 2 3 4

42 627248-Peralassery (CT) (CT) 1188

43 627249- (CT) (CT) 1162

44 803261-Mattannur (M) (M) 1078

45 803262-Koothuparamba (M) (M) 1202

46 803263-Thalassery (M) (M) 1180

47 627272-Koodali (CT) (CT) 1154

48 627273-Keezhallur (CT) (CT) 1095

49 627274- (CT) (CT) 1113

50 627275- (CT) (CT) 1156

51 627276-Mangattidam (CT) (CT) 1116

52 627277-Kandamkunnu (CT) (CT) 1122

53 627278-Manantheri (CT) (CT) 1115

54 627279-Kottayam-Malabar (CT) (CT) 1176

55 627280-Eruvatti (CT) (CT) 1176

56 627281- (CT) (CT) 1158

57 627282- (CT) (CT) 1202

58 627283-Eranholi (CT) (CT) 1199

59 627284- (CT) (CT) 1232

60 627285- (CT) (CT) 1190

61 627286-Mokeri (CT) (CT) 1178

62 627287-Kolavelloor (CT) (CT) 1175

63 627288- (CT) (CT) 1226

64 627289- (CT) (CT) 1220

65 627290-New Mahe (CT) (CT) 1260

66 627291-Chockli (CT) (CT) 1241

67 627292- (CT) (CT) 1181 Sex ratio (Urban) district: 1171

Table-8 provides the District urban and town-wise sex-ratio. In all, there are 67 Towns in Kannur District in 2011. 67 Towns contains 6 Municipalities, 60 Census Towns and 1 Cantonment Board. The sex- ratio of Kannur Cantonment is the lowest among towns (408 females per 1000 males). It is the only Town having a sex-ratio less than 1000. 28 individual Towns have sex-ratio below the urban sex-ratio of the District (1171). 20 Towns have sex-ratio even above 1200. Highest sex-ratio of 1260 females per 1000 males is reported in New Mahe Census Town.

72 Table 9: Sex ratio of population in the age group 0-6 for Taluk, 2011 Sr.No. Name of Taluk Total/ Total population in 0-6 age group Sex ratio for 0- Rural/ 6 age group Urban Persons Males Females 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 05632-Taliparamba Total 83132 42235 40897 968 Rural 51168 26126 25042 959 Urban 31964 16109 15855 984 2 05633-Kannur Total 86888 43942 42946 977 Rural 5259 2643 2616 990 Urban 81629 41299 40330 977 3 05634-Thalassery Total 104298 52982 51316 969 Rural 38796 19659 19137 973 Urban 65502 33323 32179 966 District: 589-Kannur Total 274318 139159 135159 971 Rural 95223 48428 46795 966 Urban 179095 90731 88364 974

Table-9 is provided with sex-wise 0-6 population and 0-6 age-group sex-ratio for the total, rural and urban areas of the District and the Taluks. In the age-group 0-6, sex-ratio is less than 1000 for the District and the Taluks for both rural and urban areas. In the District, urban sex-ratio (974) is higher than the rural sex-ratio (966). Among Taluks, Kannur taluk has highest sex ratio among 0-6 in rural areas 990 and Taliparamba taluk has the highest sex ratio in case of urban (984).

Table 10: Sex ratio of population in the age group 0-6 for CD Blocks, 2011 Sr.No. Name of CD Block Total population in 0-6 age group Sex ratio for 0-6 Persons Males Females age group 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 0005-Payyannur 19591 9981 9610 963 2 0006-Taliparamba 19956 10113 9843 973 3 0007-Irikkur 16880 8675 8205 946 4 0008-Kannur 0 0 0 0 5 0009-Edakkad 0 0 0 0 6 0010-Iritty 16525 8422 8103 962 7 0011-Peravoor 13947 7060 6887 975 8 0012-Koothuparamba 8324 4177 4147 993 9 0013-Thalassery 0 0 0 0 Total 95223 48428 46795 966

CD Block-wise population for the age-group 0-6 with sex break-up and sex-ratio for child population are given in Table-10. In all the 6 CD Blocks sex-ratio is less than 1000. District average sex-ratio for rural areas is 966. Koothuparamba CD Block has reported the highest sex-ratio of population in the age-group 0-6 among CD Blocks (993) and Irikkur CD Block has the lowest sex-ratio ( 946).

73 Table 11: Sex ratio of rural population in the age group 0-6 by ranges, 2011 Range of sex ratio for Number of inhabited Percentage distribution of Population 2011 Percentage villages villages villages distribution of population 1 2 3 4 5 Less than 700 0 0.00 0 0.00 700 - 749 0 0.00 0 0.00 750 - 799 0 0.00 0 0.00 800 - 849 1 1.79 2017 2.12 850 - 899 4 7.14 7281 7.65 900 - 949 14 25.00 19989 20.99 950 - 999 23 41.07 46862 49.21 1000 - 1099 14 25.00 19074 20.03 1100+ 0 0.00 0 0.00 District: Kannur (589) 56 100 95223 100 Sex ratio District (Rural):966

In table-11, villages have been distributed in nine ranges of sex-ratio for 0-6 population. There are 95223 persons in the age-group 0-6 in the District. 14 villages (25 per cent) have sex ratio above 1000 and these villages possess 19074 child population in the age group 0-6 consisting of 20.03 per cent of child population. 23 villages (41.07 per cent of the villages) constituting 49.21 per cent of the rural population in the age-group 0-6 have child sex-ratio between 950 and 999. 14 villages (25 per cent) have child sex-ratio in 900-949 range with population 20.99 per cent. There is only one village falling in the sex-ratio range of 800- 849 and there is no village in the range 1100+.

Table 12: Sex ratio of population in the age group 0-6 of towns, 2011 Sr.No. Name of town Urban status Total population in 0-6 age group Sex ratio for of town 0-6 age group Persons Males Females 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 803257-Payyannur (M) (M) 7252 3717 3535 951 2 803258-Taliparamba (M) (M) 8418 4267 4151 973 3 627209-Karivellur (CT) (CT) 1194 575 619 1077 4 627210-Pariyaram (CT) (CT) 2519 1249 1270 1017 5 627211-Kurumathur (CT) (CT) 2382 1191 1191 1000 6 627212-Irikkur (CT) (CT) 2019 1014 1005 991 7 627213-Kuttiattoor (CT) (CT) 1378 689 689 1000 8 627214-Mayyil (CT) (CT) 1557 771 786 1019 9 627215-Kolacherry (CT) (CT) 2263 1128 1135 1006 10 627216-Cheleri (CT) (CT) 1384 674 710 1053 11 627217-Maniyoor (CT) (CT) 1598 834 764 916 12 803259-Kannur (M) (M) 6376 3252 3124 961 13 803260-Kannur Cantonment (CB) (CB) 236 122 114 934 14 627220-Kunhimangalam (CT) (CT) 1967 982 985 1003 15 627221-Cheruthazham (CT) (CT) 3013 1513 1500 991

74 Table 12: Sex ratio of population in the age group 0-6 of towns, 2011 Sr.No. Name of town Urban status Total population in 0-6 age group Sex ratio for of town 0-6 age group Persons Males Females 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

16 627222-Kadannappalli (CT) (CT) 1097 535 562 1050 17 627223-Ezhome (CT) (CT) 2152 1099 1053 958 18 627224-Madayi (CT) (CT) 4875 2525 2350 931 19 627225-Cherukunnu (CT) (CT) 1908 962 946 983 20 627226-Kannapuram (CT) (CT) 1709 862 847 983 21 627227-Narath (CT) (CT) 1655 802 853 1064 22 627228-Pappinisseri (CT) (CT) 3981 1974 2007 1017 23 627229-Kalliasseri (CT) (CT) 3183 1629 1554 954 24 627230-Azhikode North (CT) (CT) 2387 1241 1146 923 25 627231-Azhikode South (CT) (CT) 2561 1297 1264 975 26 627232-Valapattanam (CT) (CT) 1077 549 528 962 27 627233-Chirakkal (CT) (CT) 4902 2412 2490 1032 28 627234-Kannadiparamba (CT) (CT) 1738 893 845 946 29 627235-Munderi (CT) (CT) 2673 1302 1371 1053 30 627236-Kanhirode (CT) (CT) 1786 923 863 935 31 627237-Varam (CT) (CT) 1944 1019 925 908 32 627238-Puzhathi (CT) (CT) 3737 1895 1842 972 33 627239-Pallikkunnu (CT) (CT) 2639 1298 1341 1033 34 627240-Elayavoor (CT) (CT) 3418 1728 1690 978 35 627241-Chelora (CT) (CT) 2327 1178 1149 975 36 627242-Ancharakandy (CT) (CT) 2364 1195 1169 978 37 627243-Iriveri (CT) (CT) 2027 1025 1002 978 38 627244-Chala (CT) (CT) 1904 952 952 1000 39 627245-Thottada (CT) (CT) 4290 2227 2063 926 40 627246-Kadachira (CT) (CT) 1937 1012 925 914 41 627247-Mavilayi (CT) (CT) 1295 631 664 1052 42 627248-Peralassery (CT) (CT) 1731 884 847 958 43 627249-Muzhappilangad (CT) (CT) 2740 1381 1359 984 44 803261-Mattannur (M) (M) 5416 2749 2667 970 45 803262-Koothuparamba (M) (M) 3110 1568 1542 983 46 803263-Thalassery (M) (M) 8866 4587 4279 933 47 627272-Koodali (CT) (CT) 1555 810 745 920 48 627273-Keezhallur (CT) (CT) 2225 1143 1082 947 49 627274-Paduvilayi (CT) (CT) 2321 1152 1169 1015 50 627275-Pathiriyad (CT) (CT) 1883 954 929 974 51 627276-Mangattidam (CT) (CT) 1830 919 911 991 52 627277-Kandamkunnu (CT) (CT) 1845 981 864 881 53 627278-Manantheri (CT) (CT) 1580 809 771 953 54 627279-Kottayam-Malabar (CT) (CT) 2302 1141 1161 1018 55 627280-Eruvatti (CT) (CT) 1591 807 784 971

75 Table 12: Sex ratio of population in the age group 0-6 of towns, 2011 Sr.No. Name of town Urban status Total population in 0-6 age group Sex ratio for of town 0-6 age group Persons Males Females 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 56 627281-Pinarayi (CT) (CT) 1518 784 734 936 57 627282-Dharmadom (CT) (CT) 2838 1429 1409 986 58 627283-Eranholi (CT) (CT) 2224 1118 1106 989 59 627284-Kadirur (CT) (CT) 3030 1509 1521 1008 60 627285-Pattiom (CT) (CT) 1945 973 972 999 61 627286-Mokeri (CT) (CT) 2169 1090 1079 990 62 627287-Kolavelloor (CT) (CT) 2402 1237 1165 942 63 627288-Panoor (CT) (CT) 2315 1174 1141 972 64 627289-Panniyannur (CT) (CT) 2411 1193 1218 1021 65 627290-New Mahe (CT) (CT) 1287 669 618 924 66 627291-Chockli (CT) (CT) 3787 1882 1905 1012 67 627292-Peringathur (CT) (CT) 5052 2645 2407 910 District (Urban): 589-Kannur 179095 90731 88364 974

In table-12, sex-wise total population in the age-group 0-6 and child sex-ratio are given for Towns. 18 towns have sex ratio more than 1000. 3 towns sex ratio is equal to 1000. Kandamkunnu (CT) has the lowest sex ratio 881 and Karivellur (CT) has the highest sex ratio 1077. District urban Sex ratio in the age- group 0-6 is 974.

Table 13: Number and percentage of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes population in Taluk, 2011

Sr.No. Name of Taluk Total/ Total Total Total Percentage of Percentage of Rural/ population scheduled scheduled scheduled castes scheduled tribes Urban castes tribes population to population to population population total population total population 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 05632-Taliparamba Total 764888 28684 16954 3.75 2.22 Rural 487590 16688 16457 3.42 3.38 Urban 277298 11996 497 4.33 0.18 2 05633-Kannur Total 784984 38904 2106 4.96 0.27 Rural 39161 1075 100 2.75 0.26 Urban 745823 37829 2006 5.07 0.27 3 05634-Thalassery Total 973131 15762 22311 1.62 2.29 Rural 355266 5799 19745 1.63 5.56 Urban 617865 9963 2566 1.61 0.42 589-Kannur Total 2523003 83350 41371 3.30 1.64 Rural 882017 23562 36302 2.67 4.12 Urban 1640986 59788 5069 3.64 0.31

In Table-13, the District and the Taluk-wise total population, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population and percentage of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population to total population for total, rural and urban areas are given.

76 The percentage of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population to the total population in the District are 3.30 per cent and 1.64 per cent respectively. Among the taluks, the percentage of Scheduled Castes population to total population is the highest in Kannur Taluk (4.96 per cent) and the least is in Thalassery Taluk (1.62 per cent). As regards Scheduled Tribes population, 2.29 per cent of the total population of Thalassery Taluk are Scheduled Tribes which is the highest among the Taluks.

Table 14: Number and percentage of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes (rural) population in CD Blocks, 2011 Sr.No. Name of CD Block Total population Total Total scheduled Percentage of Percentage of scheduled tribes scheduled scheduled tribes castes population castes population to population population to total population total population 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 0005-Payyannur 179741 6494 2310 3.61 1.29 2 0006-Taliparamba 187567 6413 7652 3.42 4.08 3 0007-Irikkur 159443 4856 6595 3.05 4.14 4 0008-Kannur 0 0 0 0 0 5 0009-Edakkad 0 0 0 0 0 6 0010-Iritty 149915 2762 7420 1.84 4.95 7 0011-Peravoor 136313 2108 10360 1.55 7.6 8 0012-Koothuparamba 69038 929 1965 1.35 2.85 9 0013-Thalassery 0 0 0 0 0 Total 882017 23562 36302 2.67 4.12

Table-14 provides for the District and the CD Block-wise total population, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population and their percentages to total population. Payyannur CD Block has the highest percentage of Scheduled Castes population to total population (3.61 per cent). In Payyannur, Taliparamba and Irikkur CD Blocks, the percentage of Scheduled Castes population is even higher than the District rural average (2.67 per cent). In the case of percentage of Scheduled Tribes population to total population, Iritty and Irikkur CD Blocks have percentages higher than the District rural average (4.12 per cent).

Table 15: Proportion of scheduled castes population to total population in villages, 2011 Percentage range of Number of Percentage Scheduled castes Percentage scheduled castes population villages population to total population 1 2 3 4 5 NIL 0 0.00 0 0.00 Less than 5 49 87.50 17155 72.81 5 - 10 7 12.50 6407 27.19 11 - 20 0 0.00 0 0.00 21 - 30 0 0.00 0 0.00 31 - 40 0 0.00 0 0.00 41 - 50 0 0.00 0 0.00 51 - 75 0 0.00 0 0.00 76 and above 0 0.00 0 0.00 District: Kannur(589) 56 100.00 23562 100.00

77 In table-15, villages have been distributed in various percentage range of Scheduled Castes population to total population based on percentage of Scheduled Castes in each village. All the 56 villages have percentage of Scheduled Castes population to total population 10 or below 10 per cent. In 87.50 per cent of the villages (49 villages), the percentage of Scheduled Castes population to total population is even less than 5 per cent. In the District 12.5 per cent of villages (7 villages) falling in the range 5-10 accommodate 27.19 per cent of the rural Scheduled Castes population.

Table 16: Proportion of scheduled tribes population to total population in villages, 2011

Percentage range of Number of villages Percentage Scheduled tribes Percentage scheduled tribes population population to total population

1 2 3 4 5 NIL 0 0.00 0 0.00 Less than 5 41 73.21 10797 29.74 5 - 10 10 17.86 13945 38.41 11 - 20 4 7.14 8530 23.50 21 - 30 1 1.79 3030 8.35 31 - 40 0 0.00 0 0.00 41 - 50 0 0.00 0 0.00 51 - 75 0 0.00 0 0.00 76 and above 0 0.00 0 0.00 District: Kannur(589) 56 100.00 36302 100.00

In table -16, villages have been distributed in various percentage range of Scheduled Tribes population to total population based on the percentage of Scheduled Tribes in each village. All villages in Kannur district have Scheduled Tribes population. 41 villages (73.21 per cent of villages) have ST population to total population less than 5 per cent and these villages cover 29.74 per cent of the ST population. In 7.14 per cent of the villages (4 villages), 11-20 per cent of the population is reported as Scheduled Tribes. In one village (1.79 per cent of villages) 21 – 30 per cent of the population are STs and these villages cover 8.35 per cent of ST population.

Table 17: Number and percentage of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes population in towns, 2011

Sr.No. Name of town Total Total Total Percentage of Percentage of Population scheduled scheduled scheduled scheduled castes tribes castes tribes population population population to population to total population total population 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 803257-Payyannur (M) 72111 4018 153 5.57 0.21 2 803258-Taliparamba (M) 72465 2814 152 3.88 0.21 3 627209-Karivellur (CT) 13498 530 12 3.93 0.09 4 627210-Pariyaram (CT) 20405 988 33 4.84 0.16 5 627211-Kurumathur (CT) 18641 641 36 3.44 0.19 6 627212-Irikkur (CT) 13820 151 20 1.09 0.14 7 627213-Kuttiattoor (CT) 13244 681 6 5.14 0.05

78 Table 17: Number and percentage of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes population in towns, 2011 Sr.No. Name of town Total Total scheduled Total Percentage of Percentage of Populat castes scheduled scheduled castes scheduled ion population tribes population to total tribes population population population to total population 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 627214-Mayyil (CT) 12490 284 23 2.27 0.18 9 627215-Kolacherry (CT) 17095 922 30 5.39 0.18 10 627216-Cheleri (CT) 10848 566 6 5.22 0.06 11 627217-Maniyoor (CT) 12681 401 26 3.16 0.21 12 803259-Kannur (M) 56823 2674 159 4.71 0.28 13 803260-Kannur Cantonment (CB) 4798 194 23 4.04 0.48 14 627220-Kunhimangalam (CT) 18965 1103 25 5.82 0.13 15 627221-Cheruthazham (CT) 29348 1565 41 5.33 0.14 16 627222-Kadannappalli (CT) 10430 343 41 3.29 0.39 17 627223-Ezhome (CT) 19261 1729 33 8.98 0.17 18 627224-Madayi (CT) 35888 2564 53 7.14 0.15 19 627225-Cherukunnu (CT) 16111 1158 40 7.19 0.25 20 627226-Kannapuram (CT) 18459 1299 23 7.04 0.12 21 627227-Narath (CT) 13092 1624 38 12.4 0.29 22 627228-Pappinisseri (CT) 35134 3025 68 8.61 0.19 23 627229-Kalliasseri (CT) 31122 1497 87 4.81 0.28 24 627230-Azhikode North (CT) 22128 1722 43 7.78 0.19 25 627231-Azhikode South (CT) 25195 917 33 3.64 0.13 26 627232-Valapattanam (CT) 7955 184 26 2.31 0.33 27 627233-Chirakkal (CT) 45601 2702 128 5.93 0.28 28 627234-Kannadiparamba (CT) 13677 1439 37 10.52 0.27 29 627235-Munderi (CT) 21676 1030 30 4.75 0.14 30 627236-Kanhirode (CT) 15353 160 38 1.04 0.25 31 627237-Varam (CT) 17008 1480 93 8.7 0.55 32 627238-Puzhathi (CT) 35212 2857 166 8.11 0.47 33 627239-Pallikkunnu (CT) 27820 1238 106 4.45 0.38 34 627240-Elayavoor (CT) 33853 1268 62 3.75 0.18 35 627241-Chelora (CT) 20952 526 118 2.51 0.56 36 627242-Ancharakandy (CT) 23030 370 72 1.61 0.31 37 627243-Iriveri (CT) 17231 229 25 1.33 0.15 38 627244-Chala (CT) 17088 254 27 1.49 0.16 39 627245-Thottada (CT) 40818 1294 199 3.17 0.49 40 627246-Kadachira (CT) 18979 290 58 1.53 0.31 41 627247-Mavilayi (CT) 12286 246 21 2 0.17 42 627248-Peralassery (CT) 16821 397 27 2.36 0.16 43 627249-Muzhappilangad (CT) 23709 451 66 1.9 0.28 44 803261-Mattannur (M) 47078 945 132 2.01 0.28 45 803262-Koothuparamba (M) 29619 402 108 1.36 0.36

79 Table 17: Number and percentage of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes population in towns, 2011

Sr.No. Name of town Total Total scheduled Total Percentage of Percentage of Population castes population scheduled scheduled castes scheduled tribes population to total tribes population population population to total population

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

46 803263-Thalassery (M) 92558 2096 267 2.26 0.29

47 627272-Koodali (CT) 15236 288 31 1.89 0.2

48 627273-Keezhallur (CT) 20440 386 82 1.89 0.4

49 627274-Paduvilayi (CT) 20598 192 61 0.93 0.3

50 627275-Pathiriyad (CT) 18008 345 59 1.92 0.33

51 627276-Mangattidam (CT) 18627 267 84 1.43 0.45

52 627277-Kandamkunnu (CT) 16025 271 54 1.69 0.34

53 627278-Manantheri (CT) 14667 115 959 0.78 6.54

54 627279-Kottayam-Malabar (CT) 19176 268 61 1.4 0.32

55 627280-Eruvatti (CT) 16905 202 45 1.19 0.27

56 627281-Pinarayi (CT) 16801 360 28 2.14 0.17

57 627282-Dharmadom (CT) 30804 615 56 2 0.18

58 627283-Eranholi (CT) 25818 363 57 1.41 0.22

59 627284-Kadirur (CT) 31087 366 75 1.18 0.24

60 627285-Pattiom (CT) 20161 183 11 0.91 0.05

61 627286-Mokeri (CT) 19684 197 21 1 0.11

62 627287-Kolavelloor (CT) 19817 219 62 1.11 0.31

63 627288-Panoor (CT) 17438 139 60 0.8 0.34

64 627289-Panniyannur (CT) 22308 223 37 1 0.17

65 627290-New Mahe (CT) 10986 84 33 0.76 0.3

66 627291-Chockli (CT) 33732 678 112 2.01 0.33

67 627292-Peringathur (CT) 40292 759 71 1.88 0.18 District (Urban) : 589-Kannur 1640986 59788 5069 3.64 0.31

Total population, Total Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribes population and percentage of Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribes population to total population are given for Towns in Kannur district in table-17. Percentage of Scheduled Castes population to total population in district urban is only 3.64 and that of Scheduled Tribes population is only 0.31 per cent. As regards Scheduled Castes, their percentage to total population is the highest in Narath (CT) (12.4 per cent) and the lowest in New Mahe (0.76 per cent). 17 Towns have percentage of Scheduled Castes to total population above 5 per cent. Number of Scheduled Tribes is very negligible in almost all towns. The

80 percentage of Scheduled Tribes population to total population is less than 1 per cent in all the Towns except Manantheri (CT) (6.54 per cent). Table 18: Sex ratio among scheduled castes and scheduled tribes (rural) in CD Blocks, 2011

Sr.No. Name of C.D.block Scheduled castes sex ratio Scheduled tribes sex ratio 1 2 3 4 1 0005-Payyannur 1075 1100 2 0006-Taliparamba 1041 1035 3 0007-Irikkur 1026 1028 4 0008-Kannur 0 0 5 0009-Edakkad 0 0 6 0010-Iritty 1058 1024 7 0011-Peravoor 1019 1076 8 0012-Koothuparamba 1060 1113 9 0013-Thalassery 0 0 Total 1048 1051

CD Block-wise sex- ratio of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population is given in Table -18. The District rural sex- ratio for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes is more than 1000 and are 1048 and 1051 respectively. Sex- ratio for Scheduled Castes is more than 1000 in all CD Blocks and the same is lowest in Peravoor CD Block (1019) and highest in Payyannur CD Block (1075).

Koothuparamba CD Block has highest sex-ratio for Scheduled Tribes (1113) and lowest is in Iritty CD Block (1024). Table 19: Sex ratio among scheduled castes and scheduled tribes in towns, 2011 Sr.No. Name of town Scheduled castes sex ratio Scheduled tribes sex ratio 1 2 3 4 1 803257-Payyannur (M) 1092 912 2 803258-Taliparamba (M) 1081 1203 3 627209-Karivellur (CT) 1078 1000 4 627210-Pariyaram (CT) 1058 1200 5 627211-Kurumathur (CT) 942 636 6 627212-Irikkur (CT) 1013 1857 7 627213-Kuttiattoor (CT) 881 2000 8 627214-Mayyil (CT) 1014 769 9 627215-Kolacherry (CT) 1067 2000 10 627216-Cheleri (CT) 952 5000 11 627217-Maniyoor (CT) 1046 1167 12 803259-Kannur (M) 1086 1409 13 803260-Kannur Cantonment (CB) 1064 769 14 627220-Kunhimangalam (CT) 1142 2571 15 627221-Cheruthazham (CT) 1084 952 16 627222-Kadannappalli (CT) 1213 1412 17 627223-Ezhome (CT) 1046 1200 18 627224-Madayi (CT) 1033 828 19 627225-Cherukunnu (CT) 1083 818

81 Table 19: Sex ratio among scheduled castes and scheduled tribes in towns, 2011 Sr.No. Name of town Scheduled castes sex ratio Scheduled tribes sex ratio 1 2 3 4 20 627226-Kannapuram (CT) 1176 917 21 627227-Narath (CT) 1061 1533 22 627228-Pappinisseri (CT) 1072 1125 23 627229-Kalliasseri (CT) 1062 1289 24 627230-Azhikode North (CT) 1194 955 25 627231-Azhikode South (CT) 1133 1062 26 627232-Valapattanam (CT) 1300 1889 27 627233-Chirakkal (CT) 1113 969 28 627234-Kannadiparamba (CT) 1104 542 29 627235-Munderi (CT) 1056 875 30 627236-Kanhirode (CT) 1078 810 31 627237-Varam (CT) 1105 1268 32 627238-Puzhathi (CT) 1023 1213 33 627239-Pallikkunnu (CT) 1203 893 34 627240-Elayavoor (CT) 1082 1000 35 627241-Chelora (CT) 1063 1070 36 627242-Ancharakandy (CT) 1126 946 37 627243-Iriveri (CT) 1045 786 38 627244-Chala (CT) 1082 1077 39 627245-Thottada (CT) 1077 990 40 627246-Kadachira (CT) 959 1148 41 627247-Mavilayi (CT) 1121 750 42 627248-Peralassery (CT) 1068 1455 43 627249-Muzhappilangad (CT) 1069 610 44 803261-Mattannur (M) 1086 913 45 803262-Koothuparamba (M) 1271 1250 46 803263-Thalassery (M) 1181 1153 47 627272-Koodali (CT) 1087 550 48 627273-Keezhallur (CT) 940 1103 49 627274-Paduvilayi (CT) 979 1542 50 627275-Pathiriyad (CT) 1054 735 51 627276-Mangattidam (CT) 1038 1000 52 627277-Kandamkunnu (CT) 1007 1000 53 627278-Manantheri (CT) 855 1049 54 627279-Kottayam-Malabar (CT) 1000 1259 55 627280-Eruvatti (CT) 980 1045 56 627281-Pinarayi (CT) 1000 1545 57 627282-Dharmadom (CT) 1165 1074 58 627283-Eranholi (CT) 921 1591 59 627284-Kadirur (CT) 1045 1273 60 627285-Pattiom (CT) 1033 833 61 627286-Mokeri (CT) 913 1100

82 Table 19: Sex ratio among scheduled castes and scheduled tribes in towns, 2011 Sr.No. Name of town Scheduled castes sex ratio Scheduled tribes sex ratio 1 2 3 4 62 627287-Kolavelloor (CT) 1009 771 63 627288-Panoor (CT) 986 1000 64 627289-Panniyannur (CT) 1165 2364 65 627290-New Mahe (CT) 1471 571 66 627291-Chockli (CT) 1132 1383 67 627292-Peringathur (CT) 1003 1152 District (Urban): 589-Kannur 1079 1076

Sex-ratio among Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes is given for 67 Towns in Kannur in table-19. The highest Scheduled Castes sex-ratio of 1471 females per 1000 males is reported in New Mahe (CT) and the lowest in Manantheri (CT) (855). In 11 Towns, Scheduled Castes sex-ratio is lower than 1000. The District average for Scheduled Castes Sex ratio is 1079. 18 towns have Scheduled Castes sex ratio more than 1100. In the case of Scheduled Tribes, district level Sex ratio is 1076. Lowest sex ratio reported in Kannadiparamba (CT) (542) and highest in (5000) Cheleri (CT) and the aberrations observed to a greater extend is due to less number or percentage of population in these categories.

Table 20: Number of literates and illiterates, literacy rate by sex in Taluk, 2011 Sr. Name of Taluk Total/ Number of literates and illiterates Literacy rate Gap in No. Rural/ Number of literates Number of illiterates male- Urban female Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females literacy rate 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1 05632-Taliparamba Total 639845 312453 327392 125043 53358 71685 93.85 96.56 91.4 5.16 Rural 409010 202747 206263 78580 33971 44609 93.72 96.27 91.34 4.93 Urban 230835 109706 121129 46463 19387 27076 94.09 97.1 91.52 5.58 2 05633-Kannur Total 669734 309095 360639 115250 50991 64259 95.94 97.77 94.42 3.35 Rural 31894 14707 17187 7267 3155 4112 94.08 96.64 91.99 4.65 Urban 637840 294388 343452 107983 47836 60147 96.03 97.83 94.54 3.29 3 05634-Thalassery Total 828855 391408 437447 144276 64141 80135 95.4 97.23 93.82 3.41 Rural 296063 145576 150487 59203 25526 33677 93.55 96.13 91.19 4.94 Urban 532792 245832 286960 85073 38615 46458 96.46 97.89 95.26 2.63 District: Kannur(589) Total 2138434 1012956 1125478 384569 168490 216079 95.1 97.19 93.29 3.9 Rural 736967 363030 373937 145050 62652 82398 93.67 96.23 91.31 4.92 Urban 1401467 649926 751541 239519 105838 133681 95.87 97.73 94.31 3.42

Table-20 gives sex-wise population of literates and illiterates and percentage of literates for total, rural and urban areas for the District and the Taluks. The gap in male and female literacy rate is also shown for total, rural and urban areas. The literacy rate of the District is 95.1 per cent. Urban literacy rate of the District is higher than the rural literacy rate. It is true in the case of males and females also. Kannur (95.94 per cent) and Thalassery (95.4 per cent) taluks have literacy rate higher than the District average (95.1 per cent) . Male literacy rate is higher than the female literacy rate in all the Taluks. The gap in male-female literacy rate is the highest in Taliparamba Taluk (5.16 per cent) where the total literacy rate (93.85 per cent) is lower than the District average (95.1 per cent) .

83 Table 21: Number of literates and illiterates, literacy rate by sex in CD Blocks (rural), 2011 Sr. Name of CD Block Number of literates and illiterates Literacy rate Gap in No. Number of literates Number of illiterates male- female literacy Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females rate

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 0005-Payyannur 149407 72968 76439 30334 13160 17174 93.29 95.83 91 4.83 2 0006-Taliparamba 156867 77760 79107 30700 13092 17608 93.59 96.31 91.06 5.25 3 0007-Irikkur 134630 66726 67904 24813 10874 13939 94.44 96.81 92.21 4.6 4 0008-Kannur 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0009-Edakkad 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0010-Iritty 124564 62104 62460 25351 11025 14326 93.38 95.98 90.94 5.04 7 0011-Peravoor 114403 56596 57807 21910 9437 12473 93.49 95.97 91.19 4.78 8 0012-Koothuparamba 57096 26876 30220 11942 5064 6878 94.04 96.81 91.71 5.1 9 0013-Thalassery 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 736967 363030 373937 145050 62652 82398 93.67 96.23 91.31 4.92

Table-21 provides for the sex-wise population of literates and illiterates and percentage of literates for the District and the CD Blocks. Gap in male-female literacy rate is also shown. District rural literacy rate is 93.67 and that of male is 96.23 per cent and female is 91.31 per cent. Gap in literacy for district rural is 4.92 per cent. Gap in literacy is highest in Taliparamba CD Block (5.25 per cent) and lowest in Irikkur (4.6 per cent) .

Table 22: Distribution of villages by literacy rate range, 2011

Range of literacy rate for Number of inhabited Percentage distribution Population Percentage villages villages of villages distribution of population

1 2 3 4 5 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 1 - 10 0 0.00 0 0.00 11 - 20 0 0.00 0 0.00 21 - 30 0 0.00 0 0.00 31 - 40 0 0.00 0 0.00 41 - 50 0 0.00 0 0.00 51 - 60 0 0.00 0 0.00 61 - 70 0 0.00 0 0.00 71 - 80 0 0.00 0 0.00 81 - 90 1 1.79 29328 3.33 91 - 99 55 98.21 852689 96.67 100 0 0.00 0 0.00 Kannur(589) 56 100.00 882017 100.00 District: 93.67

In table-22, villages have been distributed in various literacy ranges based on literacy rates of villages. Literacy rate for District rural is 93.67 per cent. All the 56 villages have literacy rate above 80 percent and 55 villages (covering 96.67 per cent population) have literacy rate above 90 per cent. Only 1 village have less than 90 per cent literacy rate. It covers 3.33 per cent of rural population.

84 Table 23: Number of literates and illiterates, literacy rate by sex in towns, 2011 Sr. Name of town Number of literates and illiterates Literacy rate Gap in No. Number of literates Number of illiterates male- female Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females literacy rate 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 803257-Payyannur (M) 61019 28804 32215 11092 4601 6491 94.08 97.02 91.6 5.42 2 803258-Taliparamba (M) 60914 28775 32139 11551 5004 6547 95.11 97.5 93.06 4.44 3 627209-Karivellur (CT) 11756 5569 6187 1742 683 1059 95.55 98.1 93.36 4.74 4 627210-Pariyaram (CT) 16668 8067 8601 3737 1515 2222 93.19 96.81 90.03 6.78 5 627211-Kurumathur (CT) 15181 7275 7906 3460 1448 2012 93.37 96.59 90.59 6 6 627212-Irikkur (CT) 10861 5466 5395 2959 1224 1735 92.03 96.3 88.08 8.22 7 627213-Kuttiattoor (CT) 11196 5419 5777 2048 853 1195 94.35 97.06 91.95 5.11 8 627214-Mayyil (CT) 10131 4805 5326 2359 963 1396 92.66 96.16 89.72 6.44 9 627215-Kolacherry (CT) 13808 6515 7293 3287 1332 1955 93.1 96.96 89.89 7.07 10 627216-Cheleri (CT) 8892 4101 4791 1956 772 1184 93.96 97.67 91 6.67 11 627217-Maniyoor (CT) 10409 4910 5499 2272 992 1280 93.92 96.88 91.42 5.46 12 803259-Kannur (M) 48536 22457 26079 8287 3841 4446 96.21 97.44 95.18 2.26 13 803260-Kannur Cantonment (CB) 4474 3229 1245 324 179 145 98.07 98.27 97.57 0.7 14 627220-Kunhimangalam (CT) 16045 7258 8787 2920 1180 1740 94.39 97.34 92.09 5.25 15 627221-Cheruthazham (CT) 25012 11782 13230 4336 1789 2547 94.98 97.71 92.67 5.04 16 627222-Kadannappalli (CT) 8705 4172 4533 1725 676 1049 93.27 96.73 90.3 6.43 17 627223-Ezhome (CT) 16307 7463 8844 2954 1253 1701 95.31 97.98 93.17 4.81 18 627224-Madayi (CT) 29191 13185 16006 6697 2983 3714 94.13 96.64 92.15 4.49 19 627225-Cherukunnu (CT) 13546 6056 7490 2565 1097 1468 95.37 97.82 93.48 4.34 20 627226-Kannapuram (CT) 15998 7225 8773 2461 995 1466 95.51 98.19 93.41 4.78 21 627227-Narath (CT) 10647 4980 5667 2445 999 1446 93.09 96.19 90.53 5.66 22 627228-Pappinisseri (CT) 29766 13672 16094 5368 2316 3052 95.55 97.56 93.9 3.66 23 627229-Kalliasseri (CT) 26785 12231 14554 4337 1880 2457 95.87 97.99 94.16 3.83 24 627230-Azhikode North (CT) 19094 8747 10347 3034 1410 1624 96.72 98.1 95.58 2.52 25 627231-Azhikode South (CT) 22047 9941 12106 3148 1428 1720 97.41 98.7 96.37 2.33 26 627232-Valapattanam (CT) 6564 3039 3525 1391 638 753 95.43 97.15 94 3.15 27 627233-Chirakkal (CT) 39093 18256 20837 6508 2867 3641 96.05 97.57 94.77 2.8 28 627234-Kannadiparamba (CT) 11120 4991 6129 2557 1065 1492 93.14 96.67 90.45 6.22 29 627235-Munderi (CT) 18033 8397 9636 3643 1507 2136 94.9 97.62 92.64 4.98 30 627236-Kanhirode (CT) 13010 6064 6946 2343 1035 1308 95.89 98.19 93.98 4.21 31 627237-Varam (CT) 14228 6444 7784 2780 1217 1563 94.45 97.02 92.42 4.6 32 627238-Puzhathi (CT) 30109 14666 15443 5103 2258 2845 95.66 97.58 93.9 3.68 33 627239-Pallikkunnu (CT) 24655 11252 13403 3165 1480 1685 97.91 98.41 97.5 0.91 34 627240-Elayavoor (CT) 29697 13577 16120 4156 1907 2249 97.58 98.7 96.65 2.05 35 627241-Chelora (CT) 18079 8183 9896 2873 1314 1559 97.07 98.37 96.02 2.35 36 627242-Ancharakandy (CT) 20116 9313 10803 2914 1333 1581 97.34 98.54 96.33 2.21 37 627243-Iriveri (CT) 14671 6724 7947 2560 1149 1411 96.49 98.19 95.11 3.08 38 627244-Chala (CT) 14686 6600 8086 2402 1098 1304 96.72 97.84 95.83 2.01 39 627245-Thottada (CT) 35281 15896 19385 5537 2587 2950 96.59 97.79 95.62 2.17

85 Table 23: Number of literates and illiterates, literacy rate by sex in towns, 2011 (Contd…) Sr. Name of town Number of literates and illiterates Literacy rate Gap in No. Number of literates Number of illiterates male- female Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females literacy rate 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 40 627246-Kadachira (CT) 16652 7595 9057 2327 1103 1224 97.71 98.82 96.8 2.02 41 627247-Mavilayi (CT) 10621 4878 5743 1665 715 950 96.63 98.31 95.26 3.05 42 627248-Peralassery (CT) 14766 6723 8043 2055 964 1091 97.85 98.82 97.06 1.76 43 627249-Muzhappilangad (CT) 20306 9392 10914 3403 1573 1830 96.84 98 95.86 2.14 44 803261-Mattannur (M) 39499 19438 20061 7579 3220 4359 94.81 97.63 92.22 5.41 45 803262-Koothuparamba (M) 25651 11670 13981 3968 1784 2184 96.76 98.18 95.61 2.57 46 803263-Thalassery (M) 81320 37029 44291 11238 5432 5806 97.17 97.77 96.67 1.1 47 627272-Koodali (CT) 13113 6116 6997 2123 958 1165 95.85 97.64 94.34 3.3 48 627273-Keezhallur (CT) 17397 8419 8978 3043 1337 1706 95.51 97.75 93.5 4.25 49 627274-Paduvilayi (CT) 17444 8402 9042 3154 1346 1808 95.44 97.74 93.4 4.34 50 627275-Pathiriyad (CT) 15565 7249 8316 2443 1104 1339 96.53 97.97 95.3 2.67 51 627276-Mangattidam (CT) 16059 7718 8341 2568 1087 1481 95.61 97.87 93.6 4.27 52 627277-Kandamkunnu (CT) 13533 6423 7110 2492 1129 1363 95.44 97.75 93.44 4.31 53 627278-Manantheri (CT) 12222 5888 6334 2445 1048 1397 93.39 96.1 91.01 5.09 54 627279-Kottayam-Malabar (CT) 16234 7492 8742 2942 1321 1621 96.21 97.65 95 2.65 55 627280-Eruvatti (CT) 14862 6840 8022 2043 929 1114 97.05 98.25 96.05 2.2 56 627281-Pinarayi (CT) 14887 6909 7978 1914 877 1037 97.41 98.67 96.34 2.33 57 627282-Dharmadom (CT) 27192 12352 14840 3612 1635 1977 97.23 98.36 96.31 2.05 58 627283-Eranholi (CT) 23191 10498 12693 2627 1243 1384 98.29 98.82 97.86 0.96 59 627284-Kadirur (CT) 27403 12231 15172 3684 1695 1989 97.67 98.5 97.01 1.49 60 627285-Pattiom (CT) 17623 8066 9557 2538 1139 1399 96.74 97.98 95.72 2.26 61 627286-Mokeri (CT) 16805 7768 9037 2879 1271 1608 95.95 97.72 94.47 3.25 62 627287-Kolavelloor (CT) 16473 7638 8835 3344 1472 1872 94.59 97.02 92.59 4.43 63 627288-Panoor (CT) 14493 6497 7996 2945 1337 1608 95.83 97.55 94.48 3.07 64 627289-Panniyannur (CT) 19368 8691 10677 2940 1356 1584 97.34 98.16 96.69 1.47 65 627290-New Mahe (CT) 9439 4094 5345 1547 767 780 97.32 97.66 97.06 0.6 66 627291-Chockli (CT) 29190 12945 16245 4542 2110 2432 97.48 98.27 96.86 1.41 67 627292-Peringathur (CT) 33829 15459 18370 6463 3018 3445 96 97.64 94.65 2.99 District (Urban): Kannur(589) 1401467 649926 751541 239519 105838 133681 95.87 97.73 94.31 3.42

In table 23, the number of literates and illiterates, literacy rates and gap in literacy in 67 towns of the districts are given. Urban literacy rate of the district is 95.87 per cent and that for male is 97.73 per cent and for female 94.31 per cent. District urban gap in literacy for the district is 3.42 per cent. Irikkur (CT) has highest gap (8.22 per cent) in literacy among towns in the district and lowest in New Mahe (CT) (0.6 per cent). 3 towns have female literacy less than 90 per cent - Irikkur (CT) 88.08 per cent, Mayyil (CT) 89.72 per cent and Kolacherry (CT) 89.89 per cent.

86 Table 24: Number of scheduled castes literates and illiterates, literacy rate by sex in CD Blocks, 2011 Sr.No. Name of CD Block Number of literates and illiterates Literacy rate Gap in Number of literates Number of illiterates male- female literacy Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females rate

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 0005-Payyannur 5384 2681 2703 1110 448 662 91.36 95.17 87.87 7.3 2 0006-Taliparamba 5310 2713 2597 1103 429 674 91.05 94.93 87.32 7.61 3 0007-Irikkur 4088 2104 1984 768 293 475 91.45 95.55 87.48 8.07 4 0008-Kannur 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0009-Edakkad 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0010-Iritty 2236 1128 1108 526 214 312 90.05 93.38 86.9 6.48 7 0011-Peravoor 1759 891 868 349 153 196 92.34 94.29 90.42 3.87 8 0012-Koothuparamba 812 397 415 117 54 63 94.75 95.66 93.89 1.77 9 0013-Thalassery 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 19589 9914 9675 3973 1591 2382 91.37 94.92 87.99 6.93 According to table 24, the literacy rate for Scheduled Castes in the rural area of the District is 91.37 per cent with 94.92 per cent for males and 87.99 per cent for females. Male literacy rate is higher than the female literacy rate in all the CD Blocks. The literacy rate is highest in Koothuparamba CD Block, 94.75 per cent with 95.66 per cent for males and 93.89 per cent for females. The gap in Scheduled Castes male-female literacy rate in the rural area of the District is 6.93. The gap in male-female literacy rate in respect of Scheduled Castes population is the lowest in Koothuparamba CD Block (1.77 per cent).

Table 25: Distribution of villages by literacy rate range for scheduled castes population (rural), 2011 Range of literacy rate for Number of inhabited Percentage Scheduled castes Percentage villages villages having Scheduled distribution of population distribution of castes villages population 1 2 3 4 5 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 1 - 10 0 0.00 0 0.00 11 - 20 0 0.00 0 0.00 21 - 30 0 0.00 0 0.00 31 - 40 0 0.00 0 0.00 41 - 50 0 0.00 0 0.00 51 - 60 0 0.00 0 0.00 61 - 70 0 0.00 0 0.00 71 - 80 0 0.00 0 0.00 81 - 90 18 32.14 6889 29.24 91 - 99 38 67.86 16673 70.76 100 0 0.00 0 0.00 Total 56 100.00 23562 100.00 Literacy rate: 91.37

87 In table 25, villages are distributed according to the range of literacy rate for Schedule Castes population in 2011 Census. From the table, it is seen that in all the 56 villages of the District, literacy rate is above 80 per cent. In 32.14 per cent of the villages (18 villages), literacy rate lies between 81-90 per cent with 29.24 per cent of Scheduled Castes population in the District. In 38 Villages (67.86 per cent) of the District literacy rate is between 91-99 per cent and they cover 70.76 per cent of Scheduled Castes population.

Table 26: Number of scheduled castes literates and illiterates, literacy rate by sex in towns, 2011

Sr. Name of Town Number of literates and illiterates Literacy rate Gap in No. Number of literates Number of illiterates male- Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females female literacy rate 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

1 803257-Payyannur (M) 3339 1660 1679 679 261 418 91.73 95.57 88.2 7.34 2 803258-Taliparamba (M) 2434 1206 1228 380 146 234 94.82 97.73 92.1 5.61 3 627209-Karivellur (CT) 431 223 208 99 32 67 89.23 95.3 83.5 11.77 4 627210-Pariyaram (CT) 820 408 412 168 72 96 91.42 94.23 88.8 5.44 5 627211-Kurumathur (CT) 552 297 255 89 33 56 92.62 95.81 89.2 6.65 6 627212-Irikkur (CT) 127 64 63 24 11 13 92.03 96.97 87.5 9.47 7 627213-Kuttiattoor (CT) 566 311 255 115 51 64 94.18 98.11 89.8 8.32 8 627214-Mayyil (CT) 242 122 120 42 19 23 93.44 97.6 89.6 8.05 9 627215-Kolacherry (CT) 733 378 355 189 68 121 89.28 95.21 83.7 11.48 10 627216-Cheleri (CT) 485 261 224 81 29 52 93.81 98.12 89.2 8.88 11 627217-Maniyoor (CT) 342 170 172 59 26 33 93.19 96.59 90.1 6.54 12 803259-Kannur (M) 2336 1140 1196 338 142 196 95.11 97.77 92.7 5.06 13 803260-Kannur Cantonment (CB) 162 84 78 32 10 22 89.5 96.55 83 13.57 14 627220-Kunhimangalam (CT) 913 443 470 190 72 118 91.03 95.27 87.4 7.91 15 627221-Cheruthazham (CT) 1314 648 666 251 103 148 92.86 95.72 90.2 5.48 16 627222-Kadannappalli (CT) 289 140 149 54 15 39 91.46 97.22 86.6 10.59 17 627223-Ezhome (CT) 1499 761 738 230 84 146 93.86 98.07 89.9 8.18 18 627224-Madayi (CT) 2156 1089 1067 408 172 236 92.73 96.29 89.4 6.93 19 627225-Cherukunnu (CT) 1007 489 518 151 67 84 94.73 96.45 93.2 3.28 20 627226-Kannapuram (CT) 1105 534 571 194 63 131 94.28 98.71 90.5 8.22 21 627227-Narath (CT) 1340 689 651 284 99 185 90.42 94.51 86.5 8.06 22 627228-Pappinisseri (CT) 2574 1293 1281 451 167 284 92.72 96.71 89 7.69 23 627229-Kalliasseri (CT) 1265 639 626 232 87 145 92.67 96.82 88.8 8.03 24 627230-Azhikode North (CT) 1463 690 773 259 95 164 93.9 97.18 91.2 6.02 25 627231-Azhikode South (CT) 815 389 426 102 41 61 96.45 99.49 93.8 5.66 26 627232-Valapattanam (CT) 153 63 90 31 17 14 94.44 94.03 94.7 -0.71 27 627233-Chirakkal (CT) 2280 1105 1175 422 174 248 92.35 94.69 90.3 4.44 28 627234-Kannadiparamba (CT) 1190 588 602 249 96 153 90.15 94.84 86 8.84 29 627235-Munderi (CT) 895 441 454 135 60 75 94.21 96.5 92.1 4.41 30 627236-Kanhirode (CT) 140 68 72 20 9 11 95.24 97.14 93.5 3.63 31 627237-Varam (CT) 1278 611 667 202 92 110 93.9 95.92 92.1 3.79 32 627238-Puzhathi (CT) 2434 1252 1182 423 160 263 92.97 96.16 89.8 6.34

88 Table 26: Number of scheduled castes literates and illiterates, literacy rate by sex in towns, 2011

Sr. Name of Town Number of literates and illiterates Literacy rate Gap in No. Number of literates Number of illiterates male- Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females female literacy rate 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

33 627239-Pallikkunnu (CT) 1112 498 614 126 64 62 96.86 97.27 96.5 0.73 34 627240-Elayavoor (CT) 1090 524 566 178 85 93 95.45 98.13 93.1 5.04 35 627241-Chelora (CT) 465 229 236 61 26 35 97.48 99.13 95.9 3.2 36 627242-Ancharakandy (CT) 329 157 172 41 17 24 96.76 100 94 6.01 37 627243-Iriveri (CT) 192 98 94 37 14 23 96.48 97.03 95.9 1.11 38 627244-Chala (CT) 219 108 111 35 14 21 91.25 92.31 90.2 2.07 39 627245-Thottada (CT) 1114 541 573 180 82 98 93.69 95.58 92 3.61 40 627246-Kadachira (CT) 253 126 127 37 22 15 97.31 99.21 95.5 3.72 41 627247-Mavilayi (CT) 221 103 118 25 13 12 96.93 97.17 96.7 0.45 42 627248-Peralassery (CT) 355 172 183 42 20 22 98.07 99.42 96.8 2.59 43 627249-Muzhappilangad (CT) 380 190 190 71 28 43 92.68 95.48 90.1 5.43 44 803261-Mattannur (M) 810 401 409 135 52 83 94.96 96.63 93.4 3.25 45 803262-Koothuparamba (M) 353 161 192 49 16 33 94.13 95.27 93.2 2.07 46 803263-Thalassery (M) 1848 842 1006 248 119 129 95.85 96.34 95.5 0.89 47 627272-Koodali (CT) 253 121 132 35 17 18 94.76 96.8 93 3.84 48 627273-Keezhallur (CT) 341 173 168 45 26 19 95.79 97.19 94.4 2.81 49 627274-Paduvilayi (CT) 168 83 85 24 14 10 96 94.32 97.7 -3.38 50 627275-Pathiriyad (CT) 290 142 148 55 26 29 94.16 95.3 93.1 2.22 51 627276-Mangattidam (CT) 234 110 124 33 21 12 96.69 96.49 96.9 -0.39 52 627277-Kandamkunnu (CT) 234 118 116 37 17 20 95.51 95.93 95.1 0.85 53 627278-Manantheri (CT) 102 53 49 13 9 4 97.14 100 94.2 5.77 54 627279-Kottayam-Malabar (CT) 234 113 121 34 21 13 98.32 98.26 98.4 -0.11 55 627280-Eruvatti (CT) 185 91 94 17 11 6 98.4 98.91 97.9 0.99 56 627281-Pinarayi (CT) 319 163 156 41 17 24 95.8 98.19 93.4 4.78 57 627282-Dharmadom (CT) 529 253 276 86 31 55 94.8 96.93 92.9 4 58 627283-Eranholi (CT) 324 167 157 39 22 17 97.3 97.66 96.9 0.75 59 627284-Kadirur (CT) 330 163 167 36 16 20 98.21 98.79 97.7 1.13 60 627285-Pattiom (CT) 153 70 83 30 20 10 96.84 94.59 98.8 -4.22 61 627286-Mokeri (CT) 170 87 83 27 16 11 95.51 95.6 95.4 0.2 62 627287-Kolavelloor (CT) 189 95 94 30 14 16 95.45 97.94 93.1 4.87 63 627288-Panoor (CT) 120 58 62 19 12 7 92.31 95.08 89.9 5.22 64 627289-Panniyannur (CT) 181 83 98 42 20 22 91.88 93.26 90.7 2.52 65 627290-New Mahe (CT) 71 28 43 13 6 7 100 100 100 0 66 627291-Chockli (CT) 605 286 319 73 32 41 97.58 98.62 96.7 1.95 67 627292-Peringathur (CT) 654 329 325 105 50 55 97.61 98.21 97 1.2 District: Kannur (589) 51106 25192 25914 8682 3563 5119 93.73 96.59 91.1 5.48

Table–26 gives the number of literates and illiterates and percentage of literates with sex wise break-up and the gap in male-female literacy rate of Scheduled Castes population for 67 Towns of the District.

89 The literacy rate for Scheduled Castes population in the urban area of the District is 93.73 per cent with 96.59 per cent for males and 91.11 per cent for females. In most of the Towns of the District, Scheduled Castes literacy rate is above 90 per cent and higher than the Scheduled Castes literacy rate for the urban area of the District. The gap in male-female literacy rate of Scheduled Castes population is 5.48 per cent in the urban area of the District. The gap in male-female literacy rate of Scheduled Castes is the highest in Kannur Cantonment (CB) (13.57 per cent). Gap in literacy is found negative in 4 towns -Valapattanam (CT) (-0.71 per cent), Paduvilayi (CT) (-3.38 per cent), Kottayam-Malabar (CT) ( -0.11 per cent), Pattiom (CT) (-4.22 per cent)

Table 27: Number and percentage of scheduled tribes literates and illiterates by sex in CD Blocks, 2011

Sr. Name of CD Block Number of literates and illiterates Literacy rate Gap in male- No. female Number of literates Number of illiterates literacy rate

Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

1 0005-Payyannur 1602 804 798 708 296 412 77.43 82.46 73 9.52

2 0006-Taliparamba 5532 2887 2645 2120 873 1247 80.83 85.67 76 9.53

3 0007-Irikkur 4921 2560 2361 1674 692 982 82.94 88.64 78 11.1

4 0008-Kannur 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

5 0009-Edakkad 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

6 0010-Iritty 4299 2305 1994 3121 1361 1760 66.42 72.23 61 11.46

7 0011-Peravoor 6914 3602 3312 3446 1389 2057 74.73 81.24 69 12.5

8 0012-Koothuparamba 1397 712 685 568 218 350 79.15 86.83 72 14.34

9 0013-Thalassery 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 24665 12870 11795 11637 4829 6808 76.28 82.09 71 11.28

Table-27 depicts the number of literates and illiterates and percentage of literates with sex break- up and the gap in male-female literacy rate in respect of Scheduled Tribes in the CD Blocks, in 2011 Census.

The literacy rate of Scheduled Tribes in the rural area of the District is 76.28 per cent with 82.09 per cent for males and 70.81 per cent for females. All the CD Blocks have Scheduled Tribes literacy rate above 65 per cent.

The Scheduled Tribes literacy rate is the highest in Irikkur CD Block, 82.94 per cent with 88.64 per cent literacy rate for males and 77.54 per cent for females. The gap in male-female literacy rate for Scheduled Tribes in the rural area of the District is 11.28. Gap is highest in Koothuparamba CD Block (14.34 per cent) and lowest in Payyannur CD Block (9.52 per cent).

90 Table 28: Distribution of villages by literacy rate range for scheduled tribes population (rural), 2011 Range of literacy Number of inhabited villages Percentage Scheduled tribes Percentage distribution rate for villages having Scheduled tribes distribution of villages population of population 1 2 3 4 5 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 1 - 10 0 0.00 0 0.00 11 - 20 0 0.00 0 0.00 21 - 30 0 0.00 0 0.00 31 - 40 0 0.00 0 0.00 41 - 50 0 0.00 0 0.00 51 - 60 1 1.79 153 0.42 61 - 70 8 14.29 10243 28.22 71 - 80 19 33.93 12616 34.75 81 - 90 17 30.36 12522 34.49 91 - 99 10 17.86 755 2.08 100 1 1.79 13 0.04 District: Kannur(589) 56 100.00 36302 100.00 Literacy rate for District: 76.28

Villages having Scheduled Tribes population are distributed according to range of literacy rate for Scheduled Tribes population in 2011 Census in table 28. All villages have literacy rate above 50 per cent. One village (1.79 per cent) covering 0.42 per cent of ST population has literacy rate in the range 51 – 60, 8 villages (14.29 per cent) covering 28.22 per cent of ST population has literacy rate in the range 61 – 70, 19 villages (33.93 per cent) covering 34.75 per cent of ST population has literacy rate in the range 71 – 80, 17villages (30.36 per cent) covering 34.49 per cent of ST population has literacy rate in the range 81 – 90, 10 villages (17.86 per cent) covering 2.08 per cent of ST population has literacy rate in the range 91 – 99 and one village has 100 per cent literacy.

Table 29: Number and percentage of scheduled tribe literates and illiterates by sex in towns, 2011 Sr. Name of town Number of Literates and Illiterates Literacy rate Gap in male- No. Number of literates Number of illiterates female Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females literacy rate 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 803257-Payyannur (M) 120 70 50 33 10 23 91.6 98.6 83.33 15.26 2 803258-Taliparamba (M) 124 60 64 28 9 19 96.12 100 92.75 7.25 3 627209-Karivellur (CT) 11 6 5 1 0 1 100 100 100 0 4 627210-Pariyaram (CT) 21 10 11 12 5 7 91.3 100 84.62 15.38 5 627211-Kurumathur (CT) 25 14 11 11 8 3 92.59 93.3 91.67 1.66 6 627212-Irikkur (CT) 16 5 11 4 2 2 84.21 83.3 84.62 -1.29 7 627213-Kuttiattoor (CT) 4 2 2 2 0 2 100 100 100 0 8 627214-Mayyil (CT) 17 10 7 6 3 3 89.47 100 77.78 22.22 9 627215-Kolacherry (CT) 21 8 13 9 2 7 87.5 100 81.25 18.75 10 627216-Cheleri (CT) 6 1 5 0 0 0 100 100 100 0 11 627217-Maniyoor (CT) 22 10 12 4 2 2 100 100 100 0 12 803259-Kannur (M) 143 59 84 16 7 9 95.97 96.7 95.45 1.27

91 Table 29: Number and percentage of scheduled tribe literates and illiterates by sex in towns, 2011 (Contd…) Sr. Name of town Number of Literates and Illiterates Literacy rate Gap in No. Number of literates Number of illiterates male- Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females female literacy rate 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 803260-Kannur Cantonment (CB) 22 13 9 1 0 1 100 100 100 0 14 627220-Kunhimangalam (CT) 15 6 9 10 1 9 93.75 100 90 10 15 627221-Cheruthazham (CT) 35 17 18 6 4 2 100 100 100 0 16 627222-Kadannappalli (CT) 25 12 13 16 5 11 73.53 85.71 65 20.71 17 627223-Ezhome (CT) 28 11 17 5 4 1 93.33 91.67 94.44 -2.77 18 627224-Madayi (CT) 41 23 18 12 6 6 91.11 92 90 2 19 627225-Cherukunnu (CT) 26 14 12 14 8 6 89.66 87.5 92.31 -4.81 20 627226-Kannapuram (CT) 20 11 9 3 1 2 95.24 91.67 100 -8.33 21 627227-Narath (CT) 33 13 20 5 2 3 94.29 100 90.91 9.09 22 627228-Pappinisseri (CT) 55 27 28 13 5 8 96.49 100 93.33 6.67 23 627229-Kalliasseri (CT) 66 32 34 21 6 15 86.84 91.43 82.93 8.5 24 627230-Azhikode North (CT) 34 15 19 9 7 2 100 100 100 0 25 627231-Azhikode South (CT) 27 13 14 6 3 3 96.43 100 93.33 6.67 26 627232-Valapattanam (CT) 18 5 13 8 4 4 90 100 86.67 13.33 27 627233-Chirakkal (CT) 94 51 43 34 14 20 92.16 98.08 86 12.08 28 627234-Kannadiparamba (CT) 29 18 11 8 6 2 96.67 94.74 100 -5.26 29 627235-Munderi (CT) 19 7 12 11 9 2 100 100 100 0 30 627236-Kanhirode (CT) 32 17 15 6 4 2 100 100 100 0 31 627237-Varam (CT) 60 27 33 33 14 19 75.95 77.14 75 2.14 32 627238-Puzhathi (CT) 125 60 65 41 15 26 88.65 92.31 85.53 6.78 33 627239-Pallikkunnu (CT) 93 51 42 13 5 8 98.94 100 97.67 2.33 34 627240-Elayavoor (CT) 53 24 29 9 7 2 92.98 92.31 93.55 -1.24 35 627241-Chelora (CT) 94 49 45 24 8 16 95.92 98 93.75 4.25 36 627242-Ancharakandy (CT) 58 31 27 14 6 8 90.62 96.88 84.38 12.5 37 627243-Iriveri (CT) 16 8 8 9 6 3 94.12 100 88.89 11.11 38 627244-Chala (CT) 21 10 11 6 3 3 100 100 100 0 39 627245-Thottada (CT) 163 83 80 36 17 19 96.45 95.4 97.56 -2.16 40 627246-Kadachira (CT) 48 24 24 10 3 7 97.96 100 96 4 41 627247-Mavilayi (CT) 16 10 6 5 2 3 100 100 100 0 42 627248-Peralassery (CT) 18 7 11 9 4 5 90 87.5 91.67 -4.17 43 627249-Muzhappilangad (CT) 54 34 20 12 7 5 98.18 100 95.24 4.76 44 803261-Mattannur (M) 108 56 52 24 13 11 97.3 96.55 98.11 -1.56 45 803262-Koothuparamba (M) 88 39 49 20 9 11 91.67 97.5 87.5 10 46 803263-Thalassery (M) 231 105 126 36 19 17 96.25 96.33 96.18 0.15 47 627272-Koodali (CT) 28 18 10 3 2 1 100 100 100 0 48 627273-Keezhallur (CT) 68 32 36 14 7 7 91.89 94.12 90 4.12 49 627274-Paduvilayi (CT) 44 19 25 17 5 12 93.62 100 89.29 10.71 50 627275-Pathiriyad (CT) 45 23 22 14 11 3 100 100 100 0 51 627276-Mangattidam (CT) 66 34 32 18 8 10 95.65 94.44 96.97 -2.53

92 Table 29: Number and percentage of scheduled tribe literates and illiterates by sex in towns, 2011 (Contd…) Sr. Name of town Number of Literates and Illiterates Literacy rate Gap in No. Number of literates Number of illiterates male- Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females female literacy rate 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 52 627277-Kandamkunnu (CT) 48 26 22 6 1 5 94.12 100 88 12 53 627278-Manantheri (CT) 654 355 299 305 113 192 75.87 84.73 67.49 17.24 54 627279-Kottayam-Malabar (CT) 48 24 24 13 3 10 94.12 96 92.31 3.69 55 627280-Eruvatti (CT) 35 19 16 10 3 7 85.37 95 76.19 18.81 56 627281-Pinarayi (CT) 25 8 17 3 3 0 100 100 100 0 57 627282-Dharmadom (CT) 47 23 24 9 4 5 90.38 92 88.89 3.11 58 627283-Eranholi (CT) 50 19 31 7 3 4 96.15 100 93.94 6.06 59 627284-Kadirur (CT) 63 26 37 12 7 5 94.03 92.86 94.87 -2.01 60 627285-Pattiom (CT) 8 5 3 3 1 2 100 100 100 0 61 627286-Mokeri (CT) 17 8 9 4 2 2 89.47 88.89 90 -1.11 62 627287-Kolavelloor (CT) 55 31 24 7 4 3 94.83 96.88 92.31 4.57 63 627288-Panoor (CT) 31 17 14 29 13 16 55.36 60.71 50 10.71 64 627289-Panniyannur (CT) 33 10 23 4 1 3 97.06 90.91 100 -9.09 65 627290-New Mahe (CT) 29 18 11 4 3 1 100 100 100 0 66 627291-Chockli (CT) 92 40 52 20 7 13 94.85 95.24 94.55 0.69 67 627292-Peringathur (CT) 59 27 32 12 6 6 93.65 90 96.97 -6.97 District (Urban): Kannur(589) 3940 1960 1980 1129 482 647 89.87 93.33 86.69 6.64

Table–29 denotes the number of literates and illiterates and percentage of literates with sex break- up and the gap in male-female literacy rate for all Towns in respect of Scheduled Tribes in 2011 Census. The Urban Scheduled Tribes literacy is 89.87 per cent with 93.33 per cent for males and 86.69 per cent for females and gap in literacy is 6.64 per cent. 14 towns have female literacy greater than male. Among towns gap in literacy is highest in Mayyil (CT) (22.22 per cent). Table 30: Number and percentage of main workers, marginal workers, and non-workers by sex in Taluk, 2011 Sr. Name of Taluk Persons Total Main workers Marginal Total workers Non workers No. / Males/ population workers (main and Females marginal workers) Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent age age age age 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 05632-Taliparamba Persons 764888 223693 29.25 46537 6.08 270230 35.33 494658 64.67 Males 365811 172704 47.21 24074 6.58 196778 53.79 169033 46.21 Females 399077 50989 12.78 22463 5.63 73452 18.41 325625 81.59 2 05633-Kannur Persons 784984 200240 25.51 32034 4.08 232274 29.59 552710 70.41 Males 360086 156904 43.57 17444 4.84 174348 48.42 185738 51.58 Females 424898 43336 10.20 14590 3.43 57926 13.63 366972 86.37 3 05634-Thalassery Persons 973131 270276 27.77 51336 5.28 321612 33.05 651519 66.95 Males 455549 210087 46.12 28164 6.18 238251 52.30 217298 47.70 Females 517582 60189 11.63 23172 4.48 83361 16.11 434221 83.89 District: Kannur (589) Persons 2523003 694209 27.52 129907 5.15 824116 32.66 1698887 67.34 Males 1181446 539695 45.68 69682 5.90 609377 51.58 572069 48.42 Females 1341557 154514 11.52 60225 4.49 214739 16.01 1126818 83.99

93 In table-30, number and percentage of main workers, marginal workers, total workers and non- workers for the District and Taluks are given separately for males and females. 32.66 per cent of the population are workers in the District of which 27.52 per cent are main workers. 45.68 per cent of male and 11.52 per cent of female are main workers and 5.90 per cent of male and 4.49 per cent of female are marginal workers. 67.34% of persons are non workers in the district. There is higher percentage of workers among the males than the females. Male workers are more than three-fold of female workers in the District. Among the Taluks, the percentage of workers is the highest in Taliparamba Taluk (35.33 per cent) followed by Thalassery Taluk (33.05 per cent).

Table 31: Number and percentage of main workers, marginal workers and non-workers by Sex in CD Blocks, 2011

Sr. Name of CD Block Persons Total Main workers Marginal Total workers Non workers No. / Males/ population workers (main and Females marginal workers) Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent age age age age 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 0005-Payyannur Persons 179741 53848 29.96 11054 6.15 64902 36.11 114839 63.89 Males 86128 41107 47.73 6026 7.00 47133 54.72 38995 45.28 Females 93613 12741 13.61 5028 5.37 17769 18.98 75844 81.02 2 0006-Taliparamba Persons 187567 56331 30.03 12039 6.42 68370 36.45 119197 63.55 Males 90852 43906 48.33 6204 6.83 50110 55.16 40742 44.84 Females 96715 12425 12.85 5835 6.03 18260 18.88 78455 81.12 3 0007-Irikkur Persons 159443 46235 29.00 12949 8.12 59184 37.12 100259 62.88 Males 77600 36074 46.49 6647 8.57 42721 55.05 34879 44.95 Females 81843 10161 12.42 6302 7.70 16463 20.12 65380 79.88 4 0008-Kannur Persons 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 Males 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 Females 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 5 0009-Edakkad Persons 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 Males 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 Females 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 6 0010-Iritty Persons 149915 46144 30.78 8674 5.79 54818 36.57 95097 63.43 Males 73129 35192 48.12 4748 6.49 39940 54.62 33189 45.38 Females 76786 10952 14.26 3926 5.11 14878 19.38 61908 80.62 7 0011-Peravoor Persons 136313 43254 31.73 10886 7.99 54140 39.72 82173 60.28 Males 66033 32150 48.69 5659 8.57 37809 57.26 28224 42.74 Females 70280 11104 15.80 5227 7.44 16331 23.24 53949 76.76 8 0012-Koothuparamba Persons 69038 16791 24.32 4176 6.05 20967 30.37 48071 69.63 Males 31940 13547 42.41 2409 7.54 15956 49.96 15984 50.04 Females 37098 3244 8.74 1767 4.76 5011 13.51 32087 86.49 9 0013-Thalassery Persons 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 Males 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 Females 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 Total Persons 882017 262603 29.77 59778 6.78 322381 36.55 559636 63.45 Males 425682 201976 47.45 31693 7.45 233669 54.89 192013 45.11 Females 456335 60627 13.29 28085 6.15 88712 19.44 367623 80.56

94 In table - 31, sex-wise number and percentage of main workers, marginal workers, total workers and non-workers are given for the District and the CD Blocks. The percentage of workers in the rural areas of the District is 36.55 per cent. Male workers predominates female workers. About three-fold of the female workers are male workers. The highest percentage of workers is reported in Peravoor CD Block (39.72 per cent) and the lowest in Koothuparamba CD Block (30.37 per cent).

Table 32: Number and percentage of main workers, marginal workers, and non-workers by sex in towns, 2011 Sr. Name of Persons Total Main workers Marginal workers Total workers Non workers No. town / Males/ populati (main and Females on marginal workers) Number Percen Number Percen Number Percen Number Percen tage tage tage tage 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 803257- Persons 72111 22273 30.89 3212 4.45 25485 35.34 46626 64.66 Payyannur (M) Males 33405 16293 48.77 1238 3.71 17531 52.48 15874 47.52 Females 38706 5980 15.45 1974 5.10 7954 20.55 30752 79.45 2 803258- Persons 72465 18937 26.13 2377 3.28 21314 29.41 51151 70.59 Taliparamba (M) Males 33779 15186 44.96 1413 4.18 16599 49.14 17180 50.86 Females 38686 3751 9.70 964 2.49 4715 12.19 33971 87.81 3 627209- Persons 13498 4602 34.09 578 4.28 5180 38.38 8318 61.62 Karivellur (CT) Males 6252 3063 48.99 262 4.19 3325 53.18 2927 46.82 Females 7246 1539 21.24 316 4.36 1855 25.60 5391 74.40 4 627210- Persons 20405 5767 28.26 1188 5.82 6955 34.08 13450 65.92 Pariyaram (CT) Males 9582 4374 45.65 564 5.89 4938 51.53 4644 48.47 Females 10823 1393 12.87 624 5.77 2017 18.64 8806 81.36 5 627211- Persons 18641 4780 25.64 1090 5.85 5870 31.49 12771 68.51 Kurumathur (CT) Males 8723 3795 43.51 552 6.33 4347 49.83 4376 50.17 Females 9918 985 9.93 538 5.42 1523 15.36 8395 84.64 6 627212-Irikkur Persons 13820 2845 20.59 867 6.27 3712 26.86 10108 73.14 (CT) Males 6690 2457 36.73 659 9.85 3116 46.58 3574 53.42 Females 7130 388 5.44 208 2.92 596 8.36 6534 91.64 7 627213- Persons 13244 3479 26.27 1031 7.78 4510 34.05 8734 65.95 Kuttiattoor (CT) Males 6272 2709 43.19 618 9.85 3327 53.05 2945 46.95 Females 6972 770 11.04 413 5.92 1183 16.97 5789 83.03 8 627214-Mayyil Persons 12490 3257 26.08 586 4.69 3843 30.77 8647 69.23 (CT) Males 5768 2556 44.31 274 4.75 2830 49.06 2938 50.94 Females 6722 701 10.43 312 4.64 1013 15.07 5709 84.93 9 627215- Persons 17095 3799 22.22 671 3.93 4470 26.15 12625 73.85 Kolacherry (CT) Males 7847 3071 39.14 353 4.50 3424 43.63 4423 56.37 Females 9248 728 7.87 318 3.44 1046 11.31 8202 88.69 10 627216-Cheleri Persons 10848 2375 21.89 304 2.80 2679 24.70 8169 75.30 (CT) Males 4873 1974 40.51 145 2.98 2119 43.48 2754 56.52 Females 5975 401 6.71 159 2.66 560 9.37 5415 90.63 11 627217- Persons 12681 3189 25.15 536 4.23 3725 29.37 8956 70.63 Maniyoor (CT) Males 5902 2572 43.58 312 5.29 2884 48.86 3018 51.14 Females 6779 617 9.10 224 3.30 841 12.41 5938 87.59

95 Table 32: Number and percentage of main workers, marginal workers, and non-workers by sex in towns, 2011 (Contd….) Sr. Name of Persons Total Main workers Marginal workers Total workers Non workers No. town / Males/ populati (main and Females on marginal workers) Number Percen Number Percen Number Percen Number Percen tage tage tage tage 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 12 803259-Kannur Persons 56823 13973 24.59 1351 2.38 15324 26.97 41499 73.03 (M) Males 26298 11550 43.92 874 3.32 12424 47.24 13874 52.76 Females 30525 2423 7.94 477 1.56 2900 9.50 27625 90.50 13 803260-Kannur Persons 4798 3015 62.84 33 0.69 3048 63.53 1750 36.47 Cantonment (CB) Males 3408 2755 80.84 17 0.50 2772 81.34 636 18.66 Females 1390 260 18.71 16 1.15 276 19.86 1114 80.14 14 627220- Persons 18965 5399 28.47 770 4.06 6169 32.53 12796 67.47 Kunhimangalam Males 8438 3883 46.02 304 3.60 4187 49.62 4251 50.38 (CT) Females 10527 1516 14.40 466 4.43 1982 18.83 8545 81.17 15 627221- Persons 29348 8427 28.71 1517 5.17 9944 33.88 19404 66.12 Cheruthazham Males 13571 6275 46.24 829 6.11 7104 52.35 6467 47.65 (CT) Females 15777 2152 13.64 688 4.36 2840 18.00 12937 82.00 16 627222- Persons 10430 3176 30.45 734 7.04 3910 37.49 6520 62.51 Kadannappalli Males 4848 2252 46.45 368 7.59 2620 54.04 2228 45.96 (CT) Females 5582 924 16.55 366 6.56 1290 23.11 4292 76.89 17 627223-Ezhome Persons 19261 4536 23.55 1131 5.87 5667 29.42 13594 70.58 (CT) Males 8716 3552 40.75 548 6.29 4100 47.04 4616 52.96 Females 10545 984 9.33 583 5.53 1567 14.86 8978 85.14 18 627224-Madayi Persons 35888 7415 20.66 1009 2.81 8424 23.47 27464 76.53 (CT) Males 16168 5880 36.37 717 4.43 6597 40.80 9571 59.20 Females 19720 1535 7.78 292 1.48 1827 9.26 17893 90.74 19 627225- Persons 16111 3344 20.76 1289 8.00 4633 28.76 11478 71.24 Cherukunnu (CT) Males 7153 2595 36.28 729 10.19 3324 46.47 3829 53.53 Females 8958 749 8.36 560 6.25 1309 14.61 7649 85.39 20 627226- Persons 18459 4921 26.66 1050 5.69 5971 32.35 12488 67.65 Kannapuram Males 8220 3666 44.60 474 5.77 4140 50.36 4080 49.64 (CT) Females 10239 1255 12.26 576 5.63 1831 17.88 8408 82.12 21 627227-Narath Persons 13092 3045 23.26 626 4.78 3671 28.04 9421 71.96 (CT) Males 5979 2509 41.96 306 5.12 2815 47.08 3164 52.92 Females 7113 536 7.54 320 4.50 856 12.03 6257 87.97 22 627228- Persons 35134 8073 22.98 1675 4.77 9748 27.75 25386 72.25 Pappinisseri (CT) Males 15988 6532 40.86 984 6.15 7516 47.01 8472 52.99 Females 19146 1541 8.05 691 3.61 2232 11.66 16914 88.34 23 627229- Persons 31122 8095 26.01 1129 3.63 9224 29.64 21898 70.36 Kalliasseri (CT) Males 14111 6137 43.49 556 3.94 6693 47.43 7418 52.57 Females 17011 1958 11.51 573 3.37 2531 14.88 14480 85.12 24 627230- Persons 22128 5877 26.56 819 3.70 6696 30.26 15432 69.74 Azhikode North Males 10157 4834 47.59 427 4.20 5261 51.80 4896 48.20 (CT) Females 11971 1043 8.71 392 3.27 1435 11.99 10536 88.01

96 Table 32: Number and percentage of main workers, marginal workers, and non-workers by sex in towns, 2011 (Contd….) Sr. Name of Persons Total Main workers Marginal workers Total workers Non workers No. town / Males/ populati (main and Females on marginal workers) Number Percen Number Percen Number Percen Number Percen tage tage tage tage 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 25 627231- Persons 25195 6252 24.81 902 3.58 7154 28.39 18041 71.61 Azhikode South Males 11369 5047 44.39 563 4.95 5610 49.34 5759 50.66 (CT) Females 13826 1205 8.72 339 2.45 1544 11.17 12282 88.83 26 627232- Persons 7955 1504 18.91 370 4.65 1874 23.56 6081 76.44 Valapattanam Males 3677 1391 37.83 268 7.29 1659 45.12 2018 54.88 (CT) Females 4278 113 2.64 102 2.38 215 5.03 4063 94.97 27 627233- Persons 45601 11828 25.94 1681 3.69 13509 29.62 32092 70.38 Chirakkal (CT) Males 21123 9669 45.77 990 4.69 10659 50.46 10464 49.54 Females 24478 2159 8.82 691 2.82 2850 11.64 21628 88.36 28 627234- Persons 13677 3431 25.09 797 5.83 4228 30.91 9449 69.09 Kannadiparamba Males 6056 2512 41.48 315 5.20 2827 46.68 3229 53.32 (CT) Females 7621 919 12.06 482 6.32 1401 18.38 6220 81.62 29 627235-Munderi Persons 21676 5685 26.23 1220 5.63 6905 31.86 14771 68.14 (CT) Males 9904 4321 43.63 637 6.43 4958 50.06 4946 49.94 Females 11772 1364 11.59 583 4.95 1947 16.54 9825 83.46 30 627236- Persons 15353 4173 27.18 599 3.90 4772 31.08 10581 68.92 Kanhirode (CT) Males 7099 3169 44.64 244 3.44 3413 48.08 3686 51.92 Females 8254 1004 12.16 355 4.30 1359 16.46 6895 83.54 31 627237-Varam Persons 17008 4193 24.65 711 4.18 4904 28.83 12104 71.17 (CT) Males 7661 3254 42.47 410 5.35 3664 47.83 3997 52.17 Females 9347 939 10.05 301 3.22 1240 13.27 8107 86.73 32 627238-Puzhathi Persons 35212 9163 26.02 1248 3.54 10411 29.57 24801 70.43 (CT) Males 16924 7414 43.81 594 3.51 8008 47.32 8916 52.68 Females 18288 1749 9.56 654 3.58 2403 13.14 15885 86.86 33 627239- Persons 27820 7329 26.34 782 2.81 8111 29.16 19709 70.84 Pallikkunnu (CT) Males 12732 5764 45.27 444 3.49 6208 48.76 6524 51.24 Females 15088 1565 10.37 338 2.24 1903 12.61 13185 87.39 34 627240- Persons 33853 8981 26.53 965 2.85 9946 29.38 23907 70.62 Elayavoor (CT) Males 15484 6912 44.64 519 3.35 7431 47.99 8053 52.01 Females 18369 2069 11.26 446 2.43 2515 13.69 15854 86.31 35 627241-Chelora Persons 20952 5257 25.09 1190 5.68 6447 30.77 14505 69.23 (CT) Males 9497 4096 43.13 703 7.40 4799 50.53 4698 49.47 Females 11455 1161 10.14 487 4.25 1648 14.39 9807 85.61 36 627242- Persons 23030 6851 29.75 1186 5.15 8037 34.90 14993 65.10 Ancharakandy Males 10646 4949 46.49 589 5.53 5538 52.02 5108 47.98 (CT) Females 12384 1902 15.36 597 4.82 2499 20.18 9885 79.82 37 627243-Iriveri Persons 17231 4591 26.64 624 3.62 5215 30.27 12016 69.73 (CT) Males 7873 3450 43.82 306 3.89 3756 47.71 4117 52.29 Females 9358 1141 12.19 318 3.40 1459 15.59 7899 84.41

97 Table 32: Number and percentage of main workers, marginal workers, and non-workers by sex in towns, 2011 (Contd….) Sr. Name of Persons Total Main workers Marginal workers Total workers Non workers No. town / Males/ populati (main and Females on marginal workers) Number Percen Number Percen Number Percen Number Percen tage tage tage tage 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 38 627244-Chala Persons 17088 4197 24.56 453 2.65 4650 27.21 12438 72.79 (CT) Males 7698 3378 43.88 227 2.95 3605 46.83 4093 53.17 Females 9390 819 8.72 226 2.41 1045 11.13 8345 88.87 39 627245-Thottada Persons 40818 10592 25.95 1468 3.60 12060 29.55 28758 70.45 (CT) Males 18483 8137 44.02 816 4.41 8953 48.44 9530 51.56 Females 22335 2455 10.99 652 2.92 3107 13.91 19228 86.09 40 627246- Persons 18979 4566 24.06 796 4.19 5362 28.25 13617 71.75 Kadachira (CT) Males 8698 3583 41.19 444 5.10 4027 46.30 4671 53.70 Females 10281 983 9.56 352 3.42 1335 12.99 8946 87.01 41 627247-Mavilayi Persons 12286 3743 30.47 334 2.72 4077 33.18 8209 66.82 (CT) Males 5593 2655 47.47 138 2.47 2793 49.94 2800 50.06 Females 6693 1088 16.26 196 2.93 1284 19.18 5409 80.82 42 627248- Persons 16821 4670 27.76 800 4.76 5470 32.52 11351 67.48 Peralassery (CT) Males 7687 3316 43.14 440 5.72 3756 48.86 3931 51.14 Females 9134 1354 14.82 360 3.94 1714 18.77 7420 81.23 43 627249- Persons 23709 5914 24.94 830 3.50 6744 28.44 16965 71.56 Muzhappilangad Males 10965 5034 45.91 471 4.30 5505 50.21 5460 49.79 (CT) Females 12744 880 6.91 359 2.82 1239 9.72 11505 90.28 44 803261- Persons 47078 14111 29.97 3192 6.78 17303 36.75 29775 63.25 Mattannur (M) Males 22658 10834 47.82 1684 7.43 12518 55.25 10140 44.75 Females 24420 3277 13.42 1508 6.18 4785 19.59 19635 80.41 45 803262- Persons 29619 8713 29.42 943 3.18 9656 32.60 19963 67.40 Koothuparamba Males 13454 6630 49.28 456 3.39 7086 52.67 6368 47.33 (M) Females 16165 2083 12.89 487 3.01 2570 15.90 13595 84.10 46 803263- Persons 92558 24390 26.35 2486 2.69 26876 29.04 65682 70.96 Thalassery (M) Males 42461 19854 46.76 1508 3.55 21362 50.31 21099 49.69 Females 50097 4536 9.05 978 1.95 5514 11.01 44583 88.99 47 627272-Koodali Persons 15236 4284 28.12 1013 6.65 5297 34.77 9939 65.23 (CT) Males 7074 3235 45.73 470 6.64 3705 52.37 3369 47.63 Females 8162 1049 12.85 543 6.65 1592 19.51 6570 80.49 48 627273- Persons 20440 5066 24.78 1822 8.91 6888 33.70 13552 66.30 Keezhallur (CT) Males 9756 3982 40.82 1145 11.74 5127 52.55 4629 47.45 Females 10684 1084 10.15 677 6.34 1761 16.48 8923 83.52 49 627274- Persons 20598 5686 27.60 1121 5.44 6807 33.05 13791 66.95 Paduvilayi (CT) Males 9748 4466 45.81 581 5.96 5047 51.77 4701 48.23 Females 10850 1220 11.24 540 4.98 1760 16.22 9090 83.78 50 627275- Persons 18008 5220 28.99 941 5.23 6161 34.21 11847 65.79 Pathiriyad (CT) Males 8353 3793 45.41 483 5.78 4276 51.19 4077 48.81 Females 9655 1427 14.78 458 4.74 1885 19.52 7770 80.48

98 Table 32: Number and percentage of main workers, marginal workers, and non-workers by sex in towns, 2011 (Contd….) Sr. Name of Persons Total Main workers Marginal workers Total workers Non workers No. town / Males/ populati (main and Females on marginal workers) Number Percen Number Percen Number Percen Number Percen tage tage tage tage 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 51 627276- Persons 18627 5560 29.85 1002 5.38 6562 35.23 12065 64.77 Mangattidam Males 8805 4182 47.50 588 6.68 4770 54.17 4035 45.83 (CT) Females 9822 1378 14.03 414 4.22 1792 18.24 8030 81.76 52 627277- Persons 16025 4323 26.98 551 3.44 4874 30.41 11151 69.59 Kandamkunnu Males 7552 3455 45.75 334 4.42 3789 50.17 3763 49.83 (CT) Females 8473 868 10.24 217 2.56 1085 12.81 7388 87.19 53 627278- Persons 14667 3908 26.64 1303 8.88 5211 35.53 9456 64.47 Manantheri (CT) Males 6936 3045 43.90 749 10.80 3794 54.70 3142 45.30 Females 7731 863 11.16 554 7.17 1417 18.33 6314 81.67 54 627279- Persons 19176 4465 23.28 1070 5.58 5535 28.86 13641 71.14 Kottayam- Males 8813 3642 41.33 657 7.45 4299 48.78 4514 51.22 Malabar (CT) Females 10363 823 7.94 413 3.99 1236 11.93 9127 88.07 55 627280-Eruvatti Persons 16905 5443 32.20 986 5.83 6429 38.03 10476 61.97 (CT) Males 7769 3892 50.10 462 5.95 4354 56.04 3415 43.96 Females 9136 1551 16.98 524 5.74 2075 22.71 7061 77.29 56 627281-Pinarayi Persons 16801 5739 34.16 547 3.26 6286 37.41 10515 62.59 (CT) Males 7786 4019 51.62 227 2.92 4246 54.53 3540 45.47 Females 9015 1720 19.08 320 3.55 2040 22.63 6975 77.37 57 627282- Persons 30804 8879 28.82 1011 3.28 9890 32.11 20914 67.89 Dharmadom (CT) Males 13987 6862 49.06 466 3.33 7328 52.39 6659 47.61 Females 16817 2017 11.99 545 3.24 2562 15.23 14255 84.77 58 627283-Eranholi Persons 25818 7821 30.29 1520 5.89 9341 36.18 16477 63.82 (CT) Males 11741 5830 49.66 610 5.20 6440 54.85 5301 45.15 Females 14077 1991 14.14 910 6.46 2901 20.61 11176 79.39 59 627284-Kadirur Persons 31087 8470 27.25 911 2.93 9381 30.18 21706 69.82 (CT) Males 13926 6619 47.53 435 3.12 7054 50.65 6872 49.35 Females 17161 1851 10.79 476 2.77 2327 13.56 14834 86.44 60 627285-Pattiom Persons 20161 5583 27.69 1164 5.77 6747 33.47 13414 66.53 (CT) Males 9205 4233 45.99 711 7.72 4944 53.71 4261 46.29 Females 10956 1350 12.32 453 4.13 1803 16.46 9153 83.54 61 627286-Mokeri Persons 19684 5160 26.21 819 4.16 5979 30.37 13705 69.63 (CT) Males 9039 4198 46.44 457 5.06 4655 51.50 4384 48.50 Females 10645 962 9.04 362 3.40 1324 12.44 9321 87.56 62 627287- Persons 19817 4413 22.27 928 4.68 5341 26.95 14476 73.05 Kolavelloor (CT) Males 9110 3700 40.61 624 6.85 4324 47.46 4786 52.54 Females 10707 713 6.66 304 2.84 1017 9.50 9690 90.50 63 627288-Panoor Persons 17438 3922 22.49 569 3.26 4491 25.75 12947 74.25 (CT) Males 7834 3335 42.57 249 3.18 3584 45.75 4250 54.25 Females 9604 587 6.11 320 3.33 907 9.44 8697 90.56

99 Table 32: Number and percentage of main workers, marginal workers, and non-workers by sex in towns, 2011 (Contd….) Sr. Name of Persons Total Main workers Marginal workers Total workers Non workers No. town / Males/ populati (main and Females on marginal workers) Number Percen Number Percen Number Percen Number Percen tage tage tage tage 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 64 627289- Persons 22308 4923 22.07 948 4.25 5871 26.32 16437 73.68 Panniyannur Males 10047 4079 40.60 649 6.46 4728 47.06 5319 52.94 (CT) Females 12261 844 6.88 299 2.44 1143 9.32 11118 90.68 65 627290-New Persons 10986 2498 22.74 171 1.56 2669 24.29 8317 75.71 Mahe (CT) Males 4861 2204 45.34 85 1.75 2289 47.09 2572 52.91 Females 6125 294 4.80 86 1.40 380 6.20 5745 93.80 66 627291-Chockli Persons 33732 7440 22.06 1014 3.01 8454 25.06 25278 74.94 (CT) Males 15055 6190 41.12 671 4.46 6861 45.57 8194 54.43 Females 18677 1250 6.69 343 1.84 1593 8.53 17084 91.47 67 627292- Persons 40292 8070 20.03 1568 3.89 9638 23.92 30654 76.08 Peringathur (CT) Males 18477 6919 37.45 1047 5.67 7966 43.11 10511 56.89 Females 21815 1151 5.28 521 2.39 1672 7.66 20143 92.34 District(Urban): Persons 1640986 431606 26.30 70129 4.27 501735 30.58 1139251 69.42 Kannur(589) Males 755764 337719 44.69 37989 5.03 375708 49.71 380056 50.29 Females 885222 93887 10.61 32140 3.63 126027 14.24 759195 85.76

In table 32, Number and percentage of main workers, marginal workers, and non-workers by sex in towns is given. 30.58 per cent of persons in urban are workers, out of it 26.30 per cent are main and 4.27 per cent are marginal workers. Non workers for urban area of the district are 69.42 per cent and male non workers 50.29 per cent. Valapattanam (CT) has lowest main 18.91 per cent workers and Madayi (CT) has highest percentage of non workers (76.53 per cent). Kannur Cantonment (CB) has highest percentage of workers (63.53 per cent). Kannur Cantonment (CB) has highest percentage of main workers (62.84 per cent).

Table 33: Distribution of workers by sex in four categories of economic activity in Taluk, 2011

Sr. Name of Taluk Persons/ Total Total Category of workers No. Males/ population workers Cultivators Agricultural Household Other workers Females (main + Number Perce Numberlabourers Perce Numberindustry Perce Number Perce marginal ntage ntage ntage ntage workers) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1 05632-Taliparamba Persons 764888 270230 17989 6.66 35903 13.29 3340 1.24 212998 78.82 Males 365811 196778 14177 7.20 20475 10.41 2126 1.08 160000 81.31 Females 399077 73452 3812 5.19 15428 21.00 1214 1.65 52998 72.15 2 05633-Kannur Persons 784984 232274 2633 1.13 8857 3.81 4610 1.98 216174 93.07 Males 360086 174348 1784 1.02 4745 2.72 2899 1.66 164920 94.59 Females 424898 57926 849 1.47 4112 7.10 1711 2.95 51254 88.48 3 05634-Thalassery Persons 973131 321612 15927 4.95 38228 11.89 4925 1.53 262532 81.63 Males 455549 238251 12499 5.25 23140 9.71 3190 1.34 199422 83.70 Females 517582 83361 3428 4.11 15088 18.10 1735 2.08 63110 75.71 District: Kannur (589) Persons 2523003 824116 36549 4.43 82988 10.07 12875 1.56 691704 83.93 Males 1181446 609377 28460 4.67 48360 7.94 8215 1.35 524342 86.05 Females 1341557 214739 8089 3.77 34628 16.13 4660 2.17 167362 77.94

100 In table 33 sex-wise break-up of total number of workers and categories of workers along with their percentage to total population and total workers respectively are given for the District and the Taluks.

In the District, among the four categories of workers, other workers constitute 83.93per cent of the total workers. The least is the household industry workers with 1.56per cent.

Among the Taluks, the highest percentage of household industry workers and other workers are reported in Kannur Taluk (1.98per cent and other and 93.07per cent respectively). Highest percentage of cultivators and agricultural labourers is reported in Taliparamba Taluk (6.66per cent and 13.29per cent respectively).

Table 34: Distribution of workers by sex in four categories of economic activity in CD blocks, 2011 Sr. Name of CD Persons Total Total Category of Workers No. Block / Males/ population workers Cultivators Agricultural Household Other workers Females (main + labourers industry marginal workers workers) Number Percent Number Percen Number Perce Number Perce age tage ntage ntage 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1 0005-Payyannur Persons 179741 64902 4198 6.47 8618 13.28 718 1.11 51368 79.15 Males 86128 47133 3093 6.56 4727 10.03 437 0.93 38876 82.48 Females 93613 17769 1105 6.22 3891 21.90 281 1.58 12492 70.30 2 0006-Taliparamba Persons 187567 68370 4527 6.62 8438 12.34 826 1.21 54579 79.83 Males 90852 50110 3630 7.24 4996 9.97 590 1.18 40894 81.61 Females 96715 18260 897 4.91 3442 18.85 236 1.29 13685 74.95 3 0007-Irikkur Persons 159443 59184 7697 13.01 11938 20.17 611 1.03 38938 65.79 Males 77600 42721 6522 15.27 7229 16.92 415 0.97 28555 66.84 Females 81843 16463 1175 7.14 4709 28.60 196 1.19 10383 63.07 4 0008-Kannur Persons 0 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 Males 0 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 Females 0 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 5 0009-Edakkad Persons 0 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 Males 0 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 Females 0 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 6 0010-Iritty Persons 149915 54818 5926 10.81 12345 22.52 703 1.28 35844 65.39 Males 73129 39940 4948 12.39 7428 18.60 463 1.16 27101 67.85 Females 76786 14878 978 6.57 4917 33.05 240 1.61 8743 58.76 7 0011-Peravoor Persons 136313 54140 6570 12.14 11127 20.55 627 1.16 35816 66.15 Males 66033 37809 5010 13.25 6628 17.53 396 1.05 25775 68.17 Females 70280 16331 1560 9.55 4499 27.55 231 1.41 10041 61.48 8 0012-KoothuparambaPersons 69038 20967 1147 5.47 2633 12.56 277 1.32 16910 80.65 Males 31940 15956 827 5.18 1609 10.08 229 1.44 13291 83.30 Females 37098 5011 320 6.39 1024 20.44 48 0.96 3619 72.22 9 0013-Thalassery Persons 0 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 Males 0 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 Females 0 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 Total Persons 882017 322381 30065 9.33 55099 17.09 3762 1.17 233455 72.42 Males 425682 233669 24030 10.28 32617 13.96 2530 1.08 174492 74.67 Females 456335 88712 6035 6.80 22482 25.34 1232 1.39 58963 66.47

101 In table-34, total number of workers and their percentage to total population and four categories of workers along with their percentage to total workers are given for males and females separately in respect of the District and the CD Blocks. In all the CD Blocks the percentage of Other Workers is above 60per cent. The highest percentage of Other Workers is reported in Koothuparamba CD Block (80.65 per cent). As regards Household Industry Workers, in all the CD Blocks, the percentage is less than 2. Agricultural Labourers form the second predominant category of workers in the District. It is as high as 22.52per cent in Iritty CD Block and as low as 12.4per cent in Taliparamba CD Block. In respect of Cultivators, Irikkur CD Block has come out with 13.01 per cent which is the highest among the CD Blocks.

Table 35: Distribution of workers by sex in four categories of economic activity in Towns, 2011 Sr. Name of town Persons/ Total Total Category of workers No. Males/ popula workers Cultivators Agricultural Household Other workers Females tion (main + labourers industry marginal Number Percen Number Percen Numberworkers Percen Number Percent workers) tage tage tage age 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1 803257- Persons 72111 25485 831 3.26 2546 9.99 492 1.93 21616 84.82 Payyannur (M) Males 33405 17531 457 2.61 1059 6.04 306 1.75 15709 89.61 Females 38706 7954 374 4.70 1487 18.69 186 2.34 5907 74.26 2 803258- Persons 72465 21314 109 0.51 729 3.42 256 1.20 20220 94.87 Taliparamba Males 33779 16599 84 0.51 383 2.31 170 1.02 15962 96.16 (M) Females 38686 4715 25 0.53 346 7.34 86 1.82 4258 90.31 3 627209- Persons 13498 5180 151 2.92 743 14.34 232 4.48 4054 78.26 Karivellur (CT) Males 6252 3325 101 3.04 401 12.06 74 2.23 2749 82.68 Females 7246 1855 50 2.70 342 18.44 158 8.52 1305 70.35 4 627210- Persons 20405 6955 229 3.29 556 7.99 121 1.74 6049 86.97 Pariyaram (CT) Males 9582 4938 153 3.10 297 6.01 77 1.56 4411 89.33 Females 10823 2017 76 3.77 259 12.84 44 2.18 1638 81.21 5 627211- Persons 18641 5870 140 2.39 447 7.61 57 0.97 5226 89.03 Kurumathur Males 8723 4347 81 1.86 230 5.29 31 0.71 4005 92.13 (CT) Females 9918 1523 59 3.87 217 14.25 26 1.71 1221 80.17 6 627212-Irikkur Persons 13820 3712 40 1.08 253 6.82 18 0.48 3401 91.62 (CT) Males 6690 3116 36 1.16 154 4.94 15 0.48 2911 93.42 Females 7130 596 4 0.67 99 16.61 3 0.50 490 82.21 7 627213- Persons 13244 4510 220 4.88 897 19.89 47 1.04 3346 74.19 Kuttiattoor Males 6272 3327 167 5.02 528 15.87 35 1.05 2597 78.06 (CT) Females 6972 1183 53 4.48 369 31.19 12 1.01 749 63.31 8 627214-Mayyil Persons 12490 3843 143 3.72 676 17.59 58 1.51 2966 77.18 (CT) Males 5768 2830 92 3.25 425 15.02 33 1.17 2280 80.57 Females 6722 1013 51 5.03 251 24.78 25 2.47 686 67.72 9 627215- Persons 17095 4470 55 1.23 396 8.86 54 1.21 3965 88.70 Kolacherry Males 7847 3424 48 1.40 217 6.34 46 1.34 3113 90.92 (CT) Females 9248 1046 7 0.67 179 17.11 8 0.76 852 81.45

102 Table 35: Distribution of workers by sex in four categories of economic activity in Towns, 2011 (Contd…) Sr. Name of town Persons/ Total Total Category of workers No. Males/ popula workers Cultivators Agricultural Household Other workers Females tion (main + labourers industry marginal Number Percen Number Percen Numberworkers Percen Number Percent workers) tage tage tage age 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 10 627216-Cheleri Persons 10848 2679 32 1.19 155 5.79 27 1.01 2465 92.01 (CT) Males 4873 2119 26 1.23 104 4.91 14 0.66 1975 93.20 Females 5975 560 6 1.07 51 9.11 13 2.32 490 87.50 11 627217- Persons 12681 3725 64 1.72 389 10.44 30 0.81 3242 87.03 Maniyoor (CT) Males 5902 2884 45 1.56 217 7.52 18 0.62 2604 90.29 Females 6779 841 19 2.26 172 20.45 12 1.43 638 75.86 12 803259-Kannur Persons 56823 15324 26 0.17 56 0.37 224 1.46 15018 98.00 (M) Males 26298 12424 21 0.17 37 0.30 180 1.45 12186 98.08 Females 30525 2900 5 0.17 19 0.66 44 1.52 2832 97.66 13 803260-Kannur Persons 4798 3048 1 0.03 0 0.00 0 0.00 3047 99.97 Cantonment Males 3408 2772 1 0.04 0 0.00 0 0.00 2771 99.96 (CB) Females 1390 276 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 276 100.00 14 627220- Persons 18965 6169 304 4.93 640 10.37 140 2.27 5085 82.43 Kunhimangala Males 8438 4187 192 4.59 256 6.11 67 1.60 3672 87.70 m (CT) Females 10527 1982 112 5.65 384 19.37 73 3.68 1413 71.29 15 627221- Persons 29348 9944 271 2.73 1016 10.22 99 1.00 8558 86.06 Cheruthazham Males 13571 7104 173 2.44 442 6.22 62 0.87 6427 90.47 (CT) Females 15777 2840 98 3.45 574 20.21 37 1.30 2131 75.04 16 627222- Persons 10430 3910 177 4.53 644 16.47 30 0.77 3059 78.24 Kadannappalli Males 4848 2620 107 4.08 296 11.30 18 0.69 2199 83.93 (CT) Females 5582 1290 70 5.43 348 26.98 12 0.93 860 66.67 17 627223- Persons 19261 5667 123 2.17 455 8.03 41 0.72 5048 89.08 Ezhome (CT) Males 8716 4100 83 2.02 160 3.90 30 0.73 3827 93.34 Females 10545 1567 40 2.55 295 18.83 11 0.70 1221 77.92 18 627224-Madayi Persons 35888 8424 89 1.06 224 2.66 115 1.37 7996 94.92 (CT) Males 16168 6597 61 0.92 136 2.06 61 0.92 6339 96.09 Females 19720 1827 28 1.53 88 4.82 54 2.96 1657 90.70 19 627225- Persons 16111 4633 54 1.17 174 3.76 47 1.01 4358 94.06 Cherukunnu Males 7153 3324 27 0.81 72 2.17 27 0.81 3198 96.21 (CT) Females 8958 1309 27 2.06 102 7.79 20 1.53 1160 88.62 20 627226- Persons 18459 5971 100 1.67 419 7.02 96 1.61 5356 89.70 Kannapuram Males 8220 4140 50 1.21 176 4.25 75 1.81 3839 92.73 (CT) Females 10239 1831 50 2.73 243 13.27 21 1.15 1517 82.85 21 627227-Narath Persons 13092 3671 26 0.71 238 6.48 139 3.79 3268 89.02 (CT) Males 5979 2815 19 0.67 129 4.58 92 3.27 2575 91.47 Females 7113 856 7 0.82 109 12.73 47 5.49 693 80.96 22 627228- Persons 35134 9748 54 0.55 181 1.86 116 1.19 9397 96.40 Pappinisseri Males 15988 7516 36 0.48 112 1.49 93 1.24 7275 96.79 (CT) Females 19146 2232 18 0.81 69 3.09 23 1.03 2122 95.07

103 Table 35: Distribution of workers by sex in four categories of economic activity in Towns, 2011 (Contd…) Sr. Name of town Persons/ Total Total Category of workers No. Males/ popula workers Cultivators Agricultural Household Other workers Females tion (main + labourers industry marginal Number Percen Number Percen Numberworkers Percen Number Percent workers) tage tage tage age 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 23 627229- Persons 31122 9224 110 1.19 366 3.97 195 2.11 8553 92.73 Kalliasseri (CT) Males 14111 6693 85 1.27 169 2.53 129 1.93 6310 94.28 Females 17011 2531 25 0.99 197 7.78 66 2.61 2243 88.62 24 627230- Persons 22128 6696 58 0.87 104 1.55 98 1.46 6436 96.12 Azhikode Males 10157 5261 27 0.51 57 1.08 53 1.01 5124 97.40 North (CT) Females 11971 1435 31 2.16 47 3.28 45 3.14 1312 91.43 25 627231- Persons 25195 7154 33 0.46 102 1.43 162 2.26 6857 95.85 Azhikode South Males 11369 5610 19 0.34 93 1.66 99 1.76 5399 96.24 (CT) Females 13826 1544 14 0.91 9 0.58 63 4.08 1458 94.43 26 627232- Persons 7955 1874 2 0.11 9 0.48 20 1.07 1843 98.35 Valapattanam Males 3677 1659 2 0.12 8 0.48 17 1.02 1632 98.37 (CT) Females 4278 215 0 0.00 1 0.47 3 1.40 211 98.14 27 627233- Persons 45601 13509 28 0.21 237 1.75 315 2.33 12929 95.71 Chirakkal (CT) Males 21123 10659 20 0.19 188 1.76 225 2.11 10226 95.94 Females 24478 2850 8 0.28 49 1.72 90 3.16 2703 94.84 28 627234- Persons 13677 4228 37 0.88 138 3.26 81 1.92 3972 93.95 Kannadiparamb Males 6056 2827 32 1.13 71 2.51 46 1.63 2678 94.73 a (CT) Females 7621 1401 5 0.36 67 4.78 35 2.50 1294 92.36 29 627235- Persons 21676 6905 167 2.42 347 5.03 250 3.62 6141 88.94 Munderi (CT) Males 9904 4958 105 2.12 199 4.01 138 2.78 4516 91.09 Females 11772 1947 62 3.18 148 7.60 112 5.75 1625 83.46 30 627236- Persons 15353 4772 53 1.11 305 6.39 257 5.39 4157 87.11 Kanhirode (CT) Males 7099 3413 41 1.20 158 4.63 167 4.89 3047 89.28 Females 8254 1359 12 0.88 147 10.82 90 6.62 1110 81.68 31 627237-Varam Persons 17008 4904 32 0.65 115 2.35 72 1.47 4685 95.53 (CT) Males 7661 3664 23 0.63 75 2.05 42 1.15 3524 96.18 Females 9347 1240 9 0.73 40 3.23 30 2.42 1161 93.63 32 627238- Persons 35212 10411 50 0.48 103 0.99 195 1.87 10063 96.66 Puzhathi (CT) Males 16924 8008 40 0.50 71 0.89 147 1.84 7750 96.78 Females 18288 2403 10 0.42 32 1.33 48 2.00 2313 96.25 33 627239- Persons 27820 8111 26 0.32 65 0.80 143 1.76 7877 97.12 Pallikkunnu Males 12732 6208 15 0.24 49 0.79 102 1.64 6042 97.33 (CT) Females 15088 1903 11 0.58 16 0.84 41 2.15 1835 96.43 34 627240- Persons 33853 9946 26 0.26 103 1.04 170 1.71 9647 96.99 Elayavoor (CT) Males 15484 7431 11 0.15 81 1.09 104 1.40 7235 97.36 Females 18369 2515 15 0.60 22 0.87 66 2.62 2412 95.90 35 627241- Persons 20952 6447 48 0.74 230 3.57 149 2.31 6020 93.38 Chelora (CT) Males 9497 4799 27 0.56 152 3.17 94 1.96 4526 94.31 Females 11455 1648 21 1.27 78 4.73 55 3.34 1494 90.66

104 Table 35: Distribution of workers by sex in four categories of economic activity in Towns, 2011 (Contd…) Sr. Name of town Persons/ Total Total Category of workers No. Males/ popula workers Cultivators Agricultural Household Other workers Females tion (main + labourers industry marginal Number Percen Number Percen Numberworkers Percen Number Percent workers) tage tage tage age 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 36 627242- Persons 23030 8037 52 0.65 285 3.55 162 2.02 7538 93.79 Ancharakandy Males 10646 5538 42 0.76 164 2.96 78 1.41 5254 94.87 (CT) Females 12384 2499 10 0.40 121 4.84 84 3.36 2284 91.40 37 627243-Iriveri Persons 17231 5215 34 0.65 235 4.51 138 2.65 4808 92.20 (CT) Males 7873 3756 25 0.67 132 3.51 70 1.86 3529 93.96 Females 9358 1459 9 0.62 103 7.06 68 4.66 1279 87.66 38 627244-Chala Persons 17088 4650 16 0.34 122 2.62 89 1.91 4423 95.12 (CT) Males 7698 3605 9 0.25 89 2.47 46 1.28 3461 96.01 Females 9390 1045 7 0.67 33 3.16 43 4.11 962 92.06 39 627245- Persons 40818 12060 46 0.38 184 1.53 307 2.55 11523 95.55 Thottada (CT) Males 18483 8953 31 0.35 144 1.61 217 2.42 8561 95.62 Females 22335 3107 15 0.48 40 1.29 90 2.90 2962 95.33 40 627246- Persons 18979 5362 25 0.47 259 4.83 124 2.31 4954 92.39 Kadachira (CT) Males 8698 4027 20 0.50 132 3.28 102 2.53 3773 93.69 Females 10281 1335 5 0.37 127 9.51 22 1.65 1181 88.46 41 627247- Persons 12286 4077 43 1.05 202 4.95 70 1.72 3762 92.27 Mavilayi (CT) Males 5593 2793 29 1.04 120 4.30 25 0.90 2619 93.77 Females 6693 1284 14 1.09 82 6.39 45 3.50 1143 89.02 42 627248- Persons 16821 5470 32 0.59 231 4.22 278 5.08 4929 90.11 Peralassery Males 7687 3756 23 0.61 134 3.57 105 2.80 3494 93.02 (CT) Females 9134 1714 9 0.53 97 5.66 173 10.09 1435 83.72 43 627249- Persons 23709 6744 43 0.64 190 2.82 81 1.20 6430 95.34 Muzhappilanga Males 10965 5505 30 0.54 151 2.74 53 0.96 5271 95.75 d (CT) Females 12744 1239 13 1.05 39 3.15 28 2.26 1159 93.54 44 803261- Persons 47078 17303 593 3.43 2838 16.40 334 1.93 13538 78.24 Mattannur (M) Males 22658 12518 405 3.24 1469 11.74 192 1.53 10452 83.50 Females 24420 4785 188 3.93 1369 28.61 142 2.97 3086 64.49 45 803262- Persons 29619 9656 127 1.32 520 5.39 187 1.94 8822 91.36 Koothuparamba Males 13454 7086 94 1.33 319 4.50 112 1.58 6561 92.59 (M) Females 16165 2570 33 1.28 201 7.82 75 2.92 2261 87.98 46 803263- Persons 92558 26876 89 0.33 278 1.03 369 1.37 26140 97.26 Thalassery (M) Males 42461 21362 60 0.28 222 1.04 297 1.39 20783 97.29 Females 50097 5514 29 0.53 56 1.02 72 1.31 5357 97.15 47 627272- Persons 15236 5297 66 1.25 659 12.44 33 0.62 4539 85.69 Koodali (CT) Males 7074 3705 52 1.40 418 11.28 18 0.49 3217 86.83 Females 8162 1592 14 0.88 241 15.14 15 0.94 1322 83.04 48 627273- Persons 20440 6888 172 2.50 821 11.92 144 2.09 5751 83.49 Keezhallur Males 9756 5127 142 2.77 495 9.65 94 1.83 4396 85.74 (CT) Females 10684 1761 30 1.70 326 18.51 50 2.84 1355 76.94

105 Table 35: Distribution of workers by sex in four categories of economic activity in Towns, 2011 (Contd…) Sr. Name of town Persons/ Total Total Category of workers No. Males/ popula workers Cultivators Agricultural Household Other workers Females tion (main + labourers industry marginal Number Percen Number Percen Numberworkers Percen Number Percent workers) tage tage tage age 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 49 627274- Persons 20598 6807 49 0.72 444 6.52 264 3.88 6050 88.88 Paduvilayi (CT) Males 9748 5047 41 0.81 247 4.89 170 3.37 4589 90.93 Females 10850 1760 8 0.45 197 11.19 94 5.34 1461 83.01 50 627275- Persons 18008 6161 61 0.99 464 7.53 255 4.14 5381 87.34 Pathiriyad (CT) Males 8353 4276 49 1.15 278 6.50 102 2.39 3847 89.97 Females 9655 1885 12 0.64 186 9.87 153 8.12 1534 81.38 51 627276- Persons 18627 6562 91 1.39 571 8.70 220 3.35 5680 86.56 Mangattidam Males 8805 4770 69 1.45 357 7.48 123 2.58 4221 88.49 (CT) Females 9822 1792 22 1.23 214 11.94 97 5.41 1459 81.42 52 627277- Persons 16025 4874 88 1.81 392 8.04 56 1.15 4338 89.00 Kandamkunnu Males 7552 3789 74 1.95 210 5.54 28 0.74 3477 91.77 (CT) Females 8473 1085 14 1.29 182 16.77 28 2.58 861 79.35 53 627278- Persons 14667 5211 70 1.34 518 9.94 34 0.65 4589 88.06 Manantheri Males 6936 3794 60 1.58 288 7.59 19 0.50 3427 90.33 (CT) Females 7731 1417 10 0.71 230 16.23 15 1.06 1162 82.00 54 627279- Persons 19176 5535 46 0.83 251 4.53 181 3.27 5057 91.36 Kottayam- Males 8813 4299 32 0.74 144 3.35 142 3.30 3981 92.60 Malabar (CT) Females 10363 1236 14 1.13 107 8.66 39 3.16 1076 87.06 55 627280- Persons 16905 6429 45 0.70 469 7.30 143 2.22 5772 89.78 Eruvatti (CT) Males 7769 4354 39 0.90 288 6.61 81 1.86 3946 90.63 Females 9136 2075 6 0.29 181 8.72 62 2.99 1826 88.00 56 627281- Persons 16801 6286 36 0.57 146 2.32 104 1.65 6000 95.45 Pinarayi (CT) Males 7786 4246 23 0.54 83 1.95 44 1.04 4096 96.47 Females 9015 2040 13 0.64 63 3.09 60 2.94 1904 93.33 57 627282- Persons 30804 9890 57 0.58 104 1.05 113 1.14 9616 97.23 Dharmadom Males 13987 7328 42 0.57 65 0.89 58 0.79 7163 97.75 (CT) Females 16817 2562 15 0.59 39 1.52 55 2.15 2453 95.75 58 627283- Persons 25818 9341 65 0.70 175 1.87 136 1.46 8965 95.97 Eranholi (CT) Males 11741 6440 29 0.45 112 1.74 77 1.20 6222 96.61 Females 14077 2901 36 1.24 63 2.17 59 2.03 2743 94.55 59 627284-Kadirur Persons 31087 9381 82 0.87 341 3.64 179 1.91 8779 93.58 (CT) Males 13926 7054 65 0.92 232 3.29 107 1.52 6650 94.27 Females 17161 2327 17 0.73 109 4.68 72 3.09 2129 91.49 60 627285- Persons 20161 6747 117 1.73 334 4.95 106 1.57 6190 91.74 Pattiom (CT) Males 9205 4944 84 1.70 229 4.63 74 1.50 4557 92.17 Females 10956 1803 33 1.83 105 5.82 32 1.77 1633 90.57 61 627286-Mokeri Persons 19684 5979 109 1.82 475 7.94 75 1.25 5320 88.98 (CT) Males 9039 4655 92 1.98 321 6.90 57 1.22 4185 89.90 Females 10645 1324 17 1.28 154 11.63 18 1.36 1135 85.73

106 Table 35: Distribution of workers by sex in four categories of economic activity in Towns, 2011 (Contd…) Sr. Name of town Persons/ Total Total Category of workers No. Males/ popula workers Cultivators Agricultural Household Other workers Females tion (main + labourers industry marginal Number Percen Number Percen Numberworkers Percen Number Percent workers) tage tage tage age 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 62 627287- Persons 19817 5341 102 1.91 625 11.70 26 0.49 4588 85.90 Kolavelloor (CT) Males 9110 4324 79 1.83 441 10.20 21 0.49 3783 87.49 Females 10707 1017 23 2.26 184 18.09 5 0.49 805 79.15

63 627288-Panoor Persons 17438 4491 51 1.14 245 5.46 43 0.96 4152 92.45 (CT) Males 7834 3584 45 1.26 158 4.41 33 0.92 3348 93.42

Females 9604 907 6 0.66 87 9.59 10 1.10 804 88.64

64 627289- Persons 22308 5871 38 0.65 201 3.42 87 1.48 5545 94.45 Panniyannur (CT) Males 10047 4728 32 0.68 148 3.13 62 1.31 4486 94.88 Females 12261 1143 6 0.52 53 4.64 25 2.19 1059 92.65

65 627290-New Persons 10986 2669 11 0.41 11 0.41 25 0.94 2622 98.24 Mahe (CT) Males 4861 2289 6 0.26 9 0.39 22 0.96 2252 98.38

Females 6125 380 5 1.32 2 0.53 3 0.79 370 97.37

66 627291- Persons 33732 8454 49 0.58 414 4.90 138 1.63 7853 92.89 Chockli (CT) Males 15055 6861 37 0.54 320 4.66 115 1.68 6389 93.12

Females 18677 1593 12 0.75 94 5.90 23 1.44 1464 91.90

67 627292- Persons 40292 9638 70 0.73 827 8.58 66 0.68 8675 90.01 Peringathur (CT) Males 18477 7966 63 0.79 622 7.81 54 0.68 7227 90.72 Females 21815 1672 7 0.42 205 12.26 12 0.72 1448 86.60

District Persons 1640986 501735 6484 1.29 27889 5.56 9113 1.82 458249 91.33 (Urban): Kannur(589) Males 755764 375708 4430 1.18 15743 4.19 5685 1.51 349850 93.12 Females 885222 126027 2054 1.63 12146 9.64 3428 2.72 108399 86.01

In table 35, number and percentage of workers and category of workers are given for 67 Towns with sex-break-up. The Percentage of cultivators, Agricultural labourers, Household industry workers and other workers in the district urban are1.29 per cent, 5.56 per cent, 1.82per cent, 91.33 per cent respectively. Among urban male the ratios are 1.18 per cent, 4.19per cent, 1.51 per cent and 93.12 per cent respectively and among urban female 1.63 per cent, 9.64 per cent, 2.72 per cent and 86.01 per cent respectively. Kunhimangalam (CT) has highest Percentage of cultivators among towns (4.93 per cent), Kuttiattoor (CT) has highest Percentage of Agricultural labourers (19.89 per cent), Kanhirode (CT) has highest percentage of Household industry workers (5.39 per cent) and Kannur Cantonment (CB) has highest percentage of other workers (99.97 per cent).

107 Inset tables based on village Directory and Town Directory Data - Tables 36 to 45 Table 36- to 45 is based on Village Directory and Town Directory Data.

Table 36: Distribution of villages according to availability of different amenities, 2011 Sr. Name of Taluk Num Type of amenity available No. ber of Educati Medical Drinking Post Teleph Transp Banks@ Agricultu Approa Power inhab on* ^ water office # one ** ort ral credit ch by supply ited commu societies pucca villag nicatio road es ns $ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1 05632-Taliparamba 32 32 ( 100) 32 ( 100) 32 ( 100) 32 ( 100) 32 ( 100) 32 ( 100) 32 ( 100) 18 ( 56.25) 32 ( 100) 32 ( 100) 2 05633-Kannur 2 2 ( 100) 2 ( 100) 2 ( 100) 2 ( 100) 2 ( 100) 2 ( 100) 2 ( 100) 1 ( 50) 2 ( 100) 2 ( 100) 3 05634-Thalassery 22 22 ( 100) 22 ( 100) 22 ( 100) 22 ( 100) 22 ( 100) 22 ( 100) 22 ( 100) 16 ( 72.73) 22 ( 100) 22 ( 100) Total 56 56 ( 100) 56 ( 100) 56 ( 100) 56 ( 100) 56 ( 100) 56 ( 100) 56 ( 100) 35 ( 62.5) 56 ( 100) 56 ( 100) Note:- * Education includes all education facilities. ^ Medical includes all medical facilities. # Post office includes post office, telegraph office and Post and telegraph office. $ Transport communication includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways. @ Bank includes Commercial Bank and Cooperative Bank. ** Telephone includes Telephone,PCO and Mobile.

In table 36, District and Taluk-wise distribution of various amenities available in the Villages is given. All the Taluks have cent per cent educational, medical, drinking water, postal, telephone, transport and communications, approach by pucca road and power supply facilities, in the sense that all the Villages in these Taluks are covered by these facilities. All villages have cent per cent amenities, except the amenity of Agricultural Credit Societies.

Table 37: Number and percentage of rural population served by different amenities, 2011 Sr. Name of Taluk Total Type of amenity available No. population Educati Medic Drinki Post Telep Transp Banks Agricul Approa Power of inhabited on* al^ ng office hone ort @ tural ch by supply villages water # ** commu credit pucca nicatio societie road ns $ s 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1 05632-Taliparamba 487590 487590 487590 487590 487590 487590 487590 487590 321274 487590 487590 ( 100) ( 100) ( 100) ( 100) ( 100) ( 100) ( 100) ( 65.89) ( 100) ( 100) 2 05633-Kannur 39161 39161 39161 39161 39161 39161 39161 39161 11355 39161 39161 ( 100) ( 100) ( 100) ( 100) ( 100) ( 100) ( 100) ( 29) ( 100) ( 100) 3 05634-Thalassery 355266 355266 355266 355266 355266 355266 355266 355266 262490 355266 355266 ( 100) ( 100) ( 100) ( 100) ( 100) ( 100) ( 100) ( 73.89) ( 100) ( 100)

Total 882017 882017 882017 882017 882017 882017 882017 882017 595119 882017 882017 ( 100) ( 100) ( 100) ( 100) ( 100) ( 100) ( 100) ( 67.47) ( 100) ( 100) Note:- * Education includes all education facilities. ^ Medical includes all medical facilities. # Post office includes post office, telegraph office and Post and telegraph office. $ Transport communication includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways. @ Bank includes Commercial Bank and Cooperative Bank. ** Telephone includes Telephone,PCO and Mobile.

108 In table 37, absolute number and percentage of rural population served by different amenities are given for the District and the Taluks. In the District as a whole, educational, medical, drinking water, post office, telephone, transport and communications, approach by pucca road, Banking and power supply facilities are covered by cent per cent of the population. In all the Taluks cent per cent of the population are covered by these facilities. Agricultural Credit Societies is the main amenity not available in some of the villages.

Table 38: Distribution of villages not having certain amenities, arranged by distance ranges from the places where these are available, 2011 Village not having the amenity of Distance range of place from the villages where the amenity is available Less than 5 kilometres 5-10 kilometres 10+ kilometres Total (Col. 2-4) 1 2 3 4 5 1. Education:- (a) Primary school 0 0 0 0 (b) Middle school 0 1 0 1 (c) Degree college 17 16 19 52 2. Medical:- (a) Hospital 0 2 53 55 (b) PHC 1 11 5 17 3. Post office- 0 0 0 0 4. Telephone 0 0 0 0 5. Bus service 0 0 0 0 6. Bank:- (a) Commercial Bank 2 7 1 10 (b) Cooprative bank 0 2 0 2 7. Agricultural credit societies 1 16 4 21 Degree college includes Art,Engineering and Medicine Hospital includes Allopathic & Alternative Medicine Post office includes post office, telegraph office and post & telegraph office Telephone includes Telephone,PCO and mobiles Bus includes private and public

In table-38, villages not having certain amenities are distributed by distance ranges from the places where these amenities are available. The facility of Degree College is absent in 52 villages out of 56 villages in the District. For 19 villages, the facility is available only within the distance range of 10+ kilometres. There are no Hospitals in 55 villages. 17 villages are devoid of the facility of Primary Health Centre. In as many as 53 villages, Hospital facility is available within the distance range of 10+ kilometres. In the case of 10 villages, there are no Commercial Banking facilities. Further 21 villages are having no Agricultural Credit Societies. In 20 villages these facilities are available within the distance range of 5+ kilometres.

109 Table 39: Distribution of villages according to the distance from the nearest statutory town and availability of different amenities, 2011 Distance Range Number\ Number of Type of amenity available from the nearest Percentag Inhabited Educ Medical Post Telep Transport Bank Agricultu Approach Statutory Town (In e Villages in ation ^ Office# hone Communicatio s @ ral Credit by Pucca Kilometres) Each Range * ** ns $ Societies Road 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Less than 5 Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Percentage 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 - 15 Number 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 10 18 Percentage 100 100 100 100 100 100 55.6 100 16- 50 Number 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 25 38 Percentage 100 100 100 100 100 100 65.8 100 51+ Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Percentage 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Unspecified Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Percentage 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total Number 56 56 56 56 56 56 56 35 56 Percentage 100 100 100 100 100 100 62.5 100 Note: * Education includes all education facilities. ^ Medical includes all medical facilities. # Post office includes post office, telegraph office and Post and telegraph office. $ Transport communication includes bus service, railway facility and navigable waterways. @ Bank includes Commercial Bank and Cooperative Bank. ** Telephone includes Telephone,PCO and Mobile. In table-39, villages are distributed according to distance from the nearest Statutory Town based on availability of different amenities. 18 villages are located at a distance range of 5-15 km., followed by 38 villages in the distance range of 16-50 km. In all villages all facilities except the facility of agricultural credit societies are available. Agricultural Credit Societies are absent in 21 villages .

Table 40: Distribution of villages according to population range and amenities available, 2011 Population Number\ Number of Type of amenity available range Percentage inhabited Educ Med Drink Post Telep Transport Bank Agricultu Approach Power @ villages in ation ical^ ing office hone communicat s ral credit by pucca supply each range * water # ** ions $ societies road 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1-499 Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P ercentage 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500-999 Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P ercentage 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 - 1999 Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P ercentage 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2000 - 4999 Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P ercentage 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5000 - 9999 Number 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 4 12 12 P ercentage 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 33.33 100 100 10000 + Number 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 31 44 44 P ercentage 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 70.45 100 100 District Total Number 56 56 56 56 56 56 56 56 35 56 56 P ercentage 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 62.5 100 100 Note: * Education includes all education facilities. ^ Medical includes all medical facilities. # Post office includes post office, telegraph office and Post and telegraph office. $ Transport communication includes bus service, railway facility and navigable waterways. @ Bank includes Commercial Bank and Cooperative Bank. ** Telephone includes Telephone,PCO and Mobile.

110 In table 40, villages are distributed according to population range and amenities available. All the villages in the District are large sized villages and fall in the population range of 5000+. As many as 44 villages fall in the population range of 10000+. All the villages in the population range of 5000-9999 and 10000+ are covered by all the facilities except Agricultural Credit Societies. Agricultural Credit Societies are covered only in 35 villages in the District.

Table 41: Distribution of villages according to land use, 2011 Sr.No. Name of Taluk Number of Total area (in Percentage of Percentage of inhabited villages Hectares) cultivable area to irrigated area to total area total cultivable area 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 05632-Taliparamba 32 108426.00 79.28 19.58 2 05633-Kannur 2 4841.00 62.47 69.25 3 05634-Thalassery 22 83095.00 67.95 18.39 Total 56 196362.00 74.07 20.15 Note:- Culativable area= irrigated area + unirrigated area

In table 41, villages are distributed according to land use; 74.07 per cent of total rural area of the District is cultivable. Of this, 20.15 per cent is irrigated. The large chunk of cultivable area remains unirrigated in the District. In Taliparamba Taluk, 79.28 per cent of the total rural area is cultivable, whereas only 19.58 per cent of the cultivable area is irrigated. In Kannur Taluk 69.25 per cent of the cultivable area has the facility of irrigation. Table 42: Schools/ colleges per 10,000 population in towns, 2011 Sr. No. Name of the town Type of educational institution (Approx. numbers) Primary Middle Secondary / Senior College* matriculation secondary 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 803257-Payyannur (M) 2 1 1 1 0 2 803258-Taliparamba (M) 3 2 1 0 0 3 627209-Karivellur (CT) 2 2 1 1 0 4 627210-Pariyaram (CT) 1 0 0 0 0 5 627211-Kurumathur (CT) 2 1 1 0 0 6 627212-Irikkur (CT) 1 1 1 1 0 7 627213-Kuttiattoor (CT) 5 2 1 1 1 8 627214-Mayyil (CT) 6 2 1 1 1 9 627215-Kolacherry (CT) 5 2 1 0 1 10 627216-Cheleri (CT) 6 2 0 0 0 11 627217-Maniyoor (CT) 3 3 1 1 0 12 803259-Kannur (M) 3 1 2 2 1 13 803260-Kannur Cantonment (CB) 6 4 6 6 0 14 627220-Kunhimangalam (CT) 3 2 2 2 1 15 627221-Cheruthazham (CT) 5 2 1 1 1 16 627222-Kadannappalli (CT) 6 1 1 1 0 17 627223-Ezhome (CT) 4 1 1 1 1 18 627224-Madayi (CT) 4 1 1 1 0 19 627225-Cherukunnu (CT) 10 1 1 1 0 20 627226-Kannapuram (CT) 3 2 2 1 0 21 627227-Narath (CT) 5 2 1 1 0 22 627228-Pappinisseri (CT) 2 1 1 0 0

111 Table 42: Schools/ colleges per 10,000 population in towns, 2011 (Contd…) Sr. No. Name of the town Type of educational institution (Approx. numbers) Primary Middle Secondary / Senior College* matriculation secondary 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 23 627229-Kalliasseri (CT) 2 1 0 0 0 24 627230-Azhikode North (CT) 3 2 0 0 0 25 627231-Azhikode South (CT) 4 0 1 1 0 26 627232-Valapattanam (CT) 6 4 1 1 0 27 627233-Chirakkal (CT) 3 1 1 0 0 28 627234-Kannadiparamba (CT) 4 1 1 0 0 29 627235-Munderi (CT) 4 1 0 0 0 30 627236-Kanhirode (CT) 5 2 1 1 0 31 627237-Varam (CT) 5 1 1 0 0 32 627238-Puzhathi (CT) 1 1 0 0 0 33 627239-Pallikkunnu (CT) 2 2 0 0 0 34 627240-Elayavoor (CT) 2 3 1 1 0 35 627241-Chelora (CT) 4 2 0 0 0 36 627242-Ancharakandy (CT) 9 1 0 0 0 37 627243-Iriveri (CT) 7 1 1 0 0 38 627244-Chala (CT) 8 2 1 1 0 39 627245-Thottada (CT) 4 2 0 0 0 40 627246-Kadachira (CT) 5 2 2 2 0 41 627247-Mavilayi (CT) 4 2 0 0 0 42 627248-Peralassery (CT) 8 2 1 1 2 43 627249-Muzhappilangad (CT) 3 1 0 0 0 44 803261-Mattannur (M) 3 1 0 0 1 45 803262-Koothuparamba (M) 5 2 1 1 1 46 803263-Thalassery (M) 0 5 2 1 1 47 627272-Koodali (CT) 4 2 1 1 0 48 627273-Keezhallur (CT) 6 2 0 0 0 49 627274-Paduvilayi (CT) 7 3 0 0 0 50 627275-Pathiriyad (CT) 8 4 2 2 0 51 627276-Mangattidam (CT) 3 1 0 0 0 52 627277-Kandamkunnu (CT) 4 2 1 1 0 53 627278-Manantheri (CT) 5 1 1 1 0 54 627279-Kottayam-Malabar (CT) 8 1 1 1 1 55 627280-Eruvatti (CT) 3 1 0 0 0 56 627281-Pinarayi (CT) 6 3 1 1 0 57 627282-Dharmadom (CT) 6 2 0 0 0 58 627283-Eranholi (CT) 6 3 0 0 0 59 627284-Kadirur (CT) 8 2 1 1 0 60 627285-Pattiom (CT) 5 3 0 0 0 61 627286-Mokeri (CT) 4 2 1 1 1 62 627287-Kolavelloor (CT) 4 2 1 1 0 63 627288-Panoor (CT) 9 5 2 1 1 64 627289-Panniyannur (CT) 8 2 0 0 0 65 627290-New Mahe (CT) 7 2 1 1 0 66 627291-Chockli (CT) 8 2 1 1 0 67 627292-Peringathur (CT) 4 2 0 0 0 District: Kannur (589) 4 2 1 1 0 Note- * College includes Arts/ Science/ Commerce College (Degree Level and above)

112 In Table 42 number of Schools/Colleges per 10,000 population is given for 67 Statutory Towns of the District. Cherukunnu (CT) has highest proportion of primary schools; Thalassery (M) has highest proportion of middle school. Kannur Cantonment (CB) has highest proportion of Secondary / matriculation school.

Table 43: Number of beds in medical institutions in towns, 2011 Sr. No. Name of the town Number of beds in medical institutions per 10,000 population (Approx. numbers) 1 2 3 1 803257-Payyannur (M) 25 2 803258-Taliparamba (M) 43 3 627209-Karivellur (CT) 0 4 627210-Pariyaram (CT) 0 5 627211-Kurumathur (CT) 0 6 627212-Irikkur (CT) 0 7 627213-Kuttiattoor (CT) 0 8 627214-Mayyil (CT) 0 9 627215-Kolacherry (CT) 0 10 627216-Cheleri (CT) 5 11 627217-Maniyoor (CT) 0 12 803259-Kannur (M) 23 13 803260-Kannur Cantonment (CB) 1386 14 627220-Kunhimangalam (CT) 0 15 627221-Cheruthazham (CT) 8 16 627222-Kadannappalli (CT) 0 17 627223-Ezhome (CT) 1 18 627224-Madayi (CT) 0 19 627225-Cherukunnu (CT) 6 20 627226-Kannapuram (CT) 0 21 627227-Narath (CT) 0 22 627228-Pappinisseri (CT) 0 23 627229-Kalliasseri (CT) 6 24 627230-Azhikode North (CT) 18 25 627231-Azhikode South (CT) 12 26 627232-Valapattanam (CT) 0 27 627233-Chirakkal (CT) 0 28 627234-Kannadiparamba (CT) 0 29 627235-Munderi (CT) 0 30 627236-Kanhirode (CT) 0 31 627237-Varam (CT) 0 32 627238-Puzhathi (CT) 0 33 627239-Pallikkunnu (CT) 0 34 627240-Elayavoor (CT) 3 35 627241-Chelora (CT) 0 36 627242-Ancharakandy (CT) 0 37 627243-Iriveri (CT) 7 38 627244-Chala (CT) 0

113 Table 43: Number of beds in medical institutions in towns, 2011 (Contd…)

Sr. No. Name of the town Number of beds in medical institutions per 10,000 population (Approx. numbers)

1 2 3 39 627245-Thottada (CT) 0 40 627246-Kadachira (CT) 0 41 627247-Mavilayi (CT) 0 42 627248-Peralassery (CT) 0 43 627249-Muzhappilangad (CT) 0 44 803261-Mattannur (M) 0 45 803262-Koothuparamba (M) 0 46 803263-Thalassery (M) 61 47 627272-Koodali (CT) 13 48 627273-Keezhallur (CT) 2 49 627274-Paduvilayi (CT) 0 50 627275-Pathiriyad (CT) 1 51 627276-Mangattidam (CT) 0 52 627277-Kandamkunnu (CT) 0 53 627278-Manantheri (CT) 0 54 627279-Kottayam-Malabar (CT) 0 55 627280-Eruvatti (CT) 0 56 627281-Pinarayi (CT) 0 57 627282-Dharmadom (CT) 0 58 627283-Eranholi (CT) 0 59 627284-Kadirur (CT) 0 60 627285-Pattiom (CT) 0 61 627286-Mokeri (CT) 0 62 627287-Kolavelloor (CT) 0 63 627288-Panoor (CT) 0 64 627289-Panniyannur (CT) 0 65 627290-New Mahe (CT) 0 66 627291-Chockli (CT) 0 67 627292-Peringathur (CT) 0 District: Kannur (589) 12

In table 43, number of beds per 10,000 population is given for 67 Towns of the District. The Towns are arranged in location code order. In 50 Census Towns there are no beds in Medical Institutions. The highest number of beds per 10,000 population is reported in Kannur Cantonment (1386) followed by Thalassery Municipality (61). Table 44: Proportion of slum population in towns, 2011 Sr.No. Name of the town having Total population Slum population Percentage of slum population to total slum population 1 2 3 4 5

NIL

In Table 44, slum population details are given, No slum reported in Kannur district.

114 Table 45: Most important commodity manufactured in towns, 2011

Sr. No. Name of the town Name of three most important commodities manufactured 1 2 3

1 803257-Payyannur (M) Khadi, Handloom, Bell Metal 2 803258-Taliparamba (M) Handloom, Bread, Curry Powder 3 627209-Karivellur (CT) Rice, Cloth 4 627210-Pariyaram (CT) Rice, Coconut Oil, Rubber Products 5 627211-Kurumathur (CT) Rice, Coconut Oil, Rubber Products 6 627212-Irikkur (CT) Coconut Oil 7 627213-Kuttiattoor (CT) Granite 8 627214-Mayyil (CT) Coconut Oil 9 627215-Kolacherry (CT) Laterite Stone 10 627216-Cheleri (CT) Coconut Oil 11 627217-Maniyoor (CT) Clothes 12 803259-Kannur (M) Textiles, Beedi, Plywood 13 803260-Kannur Cantonment (CB) 14 627220-Kunhimangalam (CT) Handloom, Coir Products, Bell Metal 15 627221-Cheruthazham (CT) Rice, Coconut Oil, Cashew Nut 16 627222-Kadannappalli (CT) Tarpolin Sheet 17 627223-Ezhome (CT) Plywood, Rice Flake, Prawns 18 627224-Madayi (CT) Coconut Oil, Processed Fish 19 627225-Cherukunnu (CT) Plywood, Coir, Coconut Oil 20 627226-Kannapuram (CT) Handloom, Bakery Products, Clay Products 21 627227-Narath (CT) Handloom, Blackboard 22 627228-Pappinisseri (CT) Tiles, Plywood, Handloom 23 627229-Kalliasseri (CT) Handloom, Plywood, Beedi 24 627230-Azhikode North (CT) Handloom, Plywood, Blockboard 25 627231-Azhikode South (CT) Handloom, Metal Products, Blockboard 26 627232-Valapattanam (CT) Handloom, Plywood, Processed Fish 27 627233-Chirakkal (CT) Textile, Beedi, Blockboard 28 627234-Kannadiparamba (CT) Handloom, Blackboard 29 627235-Munderi (CT) Handloom, Leather Bag, Beedi 30 627236-Kanhirode (CT) Handloom, Leather Bag, Beedi 31 627237-Varam (CT) Leather, Beedi, Handloom 32 627238-Puzhathi (CT) Handloom, Beedi, Plywood 33 627239-Pallikkunnu (CT) Textiles, Beedi, Milk Products 34 627240-Elayavoor (CT) Handloom 35 627241-Chelora (CT) Coconut Oil, Paddy, Cashew Nut 36 627242-Ancharakandy (CT) Beedi, Thread, Cinnamon Oil 37 627243-Iriveri (CT) Beedi, Handloom 38 627244-Chala (CT) Beedi, Handloom 39 627245-Thottada (CT) Handloom, Coir, Beedi 40 627246-Kadachira (CT) Coconut Products, Beedi, Handloom 41 627247-Mavilayi (CT) Curry Powder, Beedi, Farm Manure 42 627248-Peralassery (CT) Beedi, Handloom, Coir

115 Table 45: Most important commodity manufactured in towns, 2011 (Contd…)

Sr. No. Name of the town Name of three most important commodities manufactured

1 2 3

43 627249-Muzhappilangad (CT) Handloom, Beedi, Coir 44 803261-Mattannur (M) Coconut Oil, Cashew Nut, Rubber Products 45 803262-Koothuparamba (M) Handloom, Beedi, Banian 46 803263-Thalassery (M) Handloom, Beedi, Wood Vineers 47 627272-Koodali (CT) Handloom, Beedi 48 627273-Keezhallur (CT) Plywood, Textiles, Hollow Bricks 49 627274-Paduvilayi (CT) Coconut Oil, Handloom, Pvc Pipe 50 627275-Pathiriyad (CT) Handloom, Hollow Bricks 51 627276-Mangattidam (CT) Coconut Oil 52 627277-Kandamkunnu (CT) Cashew Nut 53 627278-Manantheri (CT) Housing Articles 54 627279-Kottayam-Malabar (CT) Handloom, Beedi, Food Products 55 627280-Eruvatti (CT) Beedi, Handloom, Food Product 56 627281-Pinarayi (CT) Beedi, Clothes, Food Products 57 627282-Dharmadom (CT) Plastic Goods, Beedi, Coir 58 627283-Eranholi (CT) Beedi, Steel Vessels, Handloom 59 627284-Kadirur (CT) Beedi, Handloom, Garments 60 627285-Pattiom (CT) Ayurvedic Medicines, Handloom, Copra 61 627286-Mokeri (CT) Wooden Articles, Handloom 62 627287-Kolavelloor (CT) Pickles, Furniture 63 627288-Panoor (CT) Pepper, Copra 64 627289-Panniyannur (CT) Furniture, Beedi 65 627290-New Mahe (CT) Banian Cloth, Handloom, Prawn 66 627291-Chockli (CT) Copra 67 627292-Peringathur (CT) Coconut Oil

This table gives the names of the most important commodities manufactured in the Towns of the District. Handloom cloths are manufactured in majority of the Towns in the District. Among the other important commodities manufactured, Beedi is in the prominent position.

Vii) MAJOR SOCIAL AND CULTURAL EVENTS, NATURAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE DEVELOPMENTS AND SIGNIFICANT ACTIVITIES DURING THE DECADE

Kannur District was well known as a centre of learning and culture from the early and medieval periods. Taliparamba became the seat of enlightenment and culture in the 14th and 15th centuries. Kolathiri Rajas patronised all activities connected with culture. The Temple of Taliparamba became the hub of cultural activities and competitions were a regular feature. Those who came out successfully in these competitions were held in high esteem. Competitions used to take place in Koothu, Padhakam, Koodiattam, Melam, Music, etc., Chakyars used to make their debut from this temple. When Chirakkal became the Capital of Kolathiris later, it took the place of Taliparamba in cultural activities. It is significant to note that

116 the Kolathiris continued their patronage for culture all through. Kottayam was the third important cultural centre in the medieval period. This centre was partronised by Kottayam (Cotiote) Rulers. The Art of Kathakali reached its pinnacle of excellence at Kottayam during the 17th and 18th centuries. The institution of Kathakali gained in progress and richness during the time of the Raja of Kottayam between 1665 AD and 1725 AD. The then Raja of Kottayam who was a brilliant actor-dancer structured several compositions to complete the transition of Kathakali from its earlier form Ramanattam developed by Thampuran. Many dedicated artists like Chathu Panicker also endeavoured towards laying the foundations for what is known as Kathakali now. Their efforts were concentrated on the rituals, classical details and scriptural perfection. Even now Kathakali has not changed from this format considerabley in basic details. Bakavadham, Kirmeeravadham, Kalyana saugandhikam and Nivathakayacha kalakeyavadham are the four perfect Kottayam works . After this the most important changes in Kathakali were brought about through the effors of a single person namely, Kaplingad Narayanan . After basic instructions in various faculties of the art in Vettathu Kalari of North Malabar, he shifted to Travancore and there in its capital and many other centres he found many willing to co-operate with him in bringing about these reformations. Kannur District is abundant in the wealth of natural beauty. The district has been a key contributor to the cultural, religious, political and industrial heritage of the State. In addition, Kannur enjoys the credit of having been the cradle of many colourful folk arts and folk music of Kerala. Though the social set up has been effaced by time, the cultural life of the people remains unchanged. Godamuri or Godaveri is an entertaining folk play of a quasi-religious nature which is performed in the central parts of Kannur District by the Malayans who are experts in devil dancing. The central figure in the performance is a boy in a girl’s make -up, enclosed in a frame-work of the spathe of the arecanut tree modelled in the shape of a cow with head and tail. The boy is accompanied by a drummer and a number of men who wear fantastic masks and their bodies smeared with ashes. The performers recite a song, the theme of which is the sacredness and the virtues of the cow and its benefits to mankind. The cow is called Godamuri from which this ceremonial play derives its name. The Godaveri group of players confines their visits to agricultural families, thus emphasising the character of the play as a fertility rite.

117 Vedan Padal (Vedan Pattu) is a peculiar ceremony observed in certain parts of the district in the month of Karkidakam (July-August), which coincides with the season of scarcity in Kerala. Theyyam is a highly ritualistic dance, well preserved with its rare and grotesque make-up and costume, lively footwork and gymnastic fervor. It represents a glorious period of folk life in Kannur as well in Kerala. The gods and goddesses are supposed to come in our midst through the medium of the possessed dancers and converse with us on matters of even contemporary significance. It is sometimes found that Theyyams pronounce judgments on temporal matters and give blessings to the believers. The performers belong to Mannan, Velan and Malayan communities. They were patronised by feudal chiefs of Ezhinadu, Puzhinadu and such other places where the Dravidian Culture was maintaining its supremacy. The Theyyam dance is performed during the festivals of the shrines known by names like muchilode, kavu, palliyera mundya, tanam, madhappura etc. It had grown through centuries to its present form. Theyyam is essentially a human creation; it has an absolute relationship with man in giving vent to his strong feelings against injustice and wickedness and his desire to maintain the well-being of the society. The folk singer while he sings out in a loud voice accompanying theyyam or along with his own dancing steps uses simple but effective language and straight but thought-provoking images. The rudiments of the dance music which later developed and evolved into the art of “Krishnattam” and “Kathakali” can be clearly found in theyyam music. Theyyam songs belong to a literary tradition of the farthest past which had not evolved through any conscious process of sophistication, but served as a life-giving vehicle of the feeling of village communities.

DEVAKKOOTH THEYYAM (Lady Theyyam, Sthree Theyyam)

It is the only theyyam in North Kerala performed by a lady. One who perform the theyyam has to follow certain customs as per the tradition. She has to under go forty one days fasting, dieting, observe vegetarianism and undergoing a kind of solitary life without mingling with local people. The people adores the deity with great expectations and believes that Goddess bless the people with prosperity, happiness, wealth and health, and eradicate fatal diseases from the locality. The performance usually witnessed by

118 people from different walks of life like media, photographers, research scholars, anthropologists, and also the huge presence of foreign nationals give a devotional ambiance to the program. The function starts with an attractive ceremony in which the lady is carried by a wooden boat from Ayiram Thengu Valluvan Kadavu to Thekkumbad Kadavu before two days of theyyam performance. She is then brought toward to the shrine with a colorful procession. It is called ‘Thalapoli’ in which the local people carry the different items like metal plates, divine books, special clothes, palm umbrella, oil lamp etc. For two days she will be staying in a temporary shed constructed near the shrine called “Koochil”, made by coconut leaves. There will not be any contact with outsiders. On the theyyam day only her close relatives like her husband or son will do the make up works. The make up is comparatively simple with a face painting, a colorful head dress, breast plates, arm ornaments, bangles, garlands and cotton garments. The overall make up gives a ferocious image of a Goddess and she became a real embodiment of God, a person completely metamorphoses in to a Goddess which describes the ancient myth and legends. After the make up the drum start to beat outside her shed and all are eagerly waiting outside to receive the theyyam. Slowly she will come out with a curtain and move towards the temple precincts. The simple dance along with footsteps will starts along with melodious songs of the theyyam artists which describes the myths and legends of the particular deity. After a few minutes another deity appears and he is ‘Naradan’ and both of them dance along with the drummers. The plot of the story is a pretty girl along with her maids comes down from heaven to collect rare flowers from the small island. It was described that Thekkumbad island was enriched with rare wild flowers which was a great attraction for celestial nymphs. Suddenly the girl became isolated and she entangled inside the forest. Others searched her a lot but in vein they left the place. Unable to move she became worried and prayed for the help of Naradan. He appeared and helped the girl and moved to the area of Thayakavu. Further they reached Koolom area and she had put up in a temporary shed with coconut leaves for changing the dress. Later on both of them crossed the Thekkumbad river in a wooden trough and reached Ayiram Thengu Valluvan Kadavu to move to heaven.

Marathukali is a fusion of two different styles of cultural arts that prevailed in this region. One of them is of arguments and counter arguments of two groups which comprises of scholars in scientific subjects and the other is Poorakkali demonstration of their supporters. It is a competitive “game art” conducted in temple yards. So, naturally it gained ritualistic importance. The game lasts for a long time; at times it extends to even a day or more.

119 Poorakkali is a temple festival held in the Bhagavathy temples in the month of Meenam. In this festival which lasts for nine days, we find rejoicing on the rebirth of Kama, the god of love, and the enjoyment of people in regaining the feeling of love. It has a dramatic folklore touch and its literature is embellished with glorious deeds of Lord Siva and Lord .

Vadakken Pattukal: Ballads sung in praise of the exploits of local heroes form an important source of inspiration for the community. These ballads are sometimes connected with deities. Some of them are on the miraculous life and deeds of heroes and heroines. The ballads which originated in the northern parts of Kerala, known as “Vadakken Pattukal”, are the most popular among them. Almost all Vadakken Pattukals are closely associated with Kalari (martial) and Payattu (fight). Most of the songs in this category are in praise of the members of two families in North Kerala namely Potturam Veedu and Tacholi Manikkottu Veedu’, of which the former belonged to Tiyya and the latter to Nayar sub castes of the Hindus. Evidently, these ballads of Kannur, which belonged to the 16th century A.D., portray a social system which demands every youth to undergo martial training. Kalaripayattu: Kalari meaning school and Payattu meaning combat, Kalaripayattu is one of the advanced combat sciences of the world and has reproduced many a hero whose exploits are celebrated in legends and folk songs. Kalarippayattu is a Dravidian martial art from Kerala, possibly one of the oldest fighting systems in existence, which is still practiced in Kerala. The word is spelled variously as kalari payat, kalarippayatta, kalaripayatt and many others depending on the dialect and romanisation system used. It includes strikes, kicks, grappling, preset forms, weaponry and healing methods.Regional variants are classified according to geographical position in Kerala; these are the northern style, the southern style and the central style. Northern kalari payat is based on the principle of hard technique, while the southern style primarily follows the soft techniques, even though both systems make use of internal and external concepts.

120 In the past, each desom or locality had its kalari or gymnasium, presided over by the guardian deity called Kalari Paradevatha or Bhagavathi. Most of the heroes of medieval Kerala were products of the kalari system. Both boys and girls received training in the kalari. It is the training and practice in kalari that are known by the term kalaripayattu and this is valued very much from the point of view of physical culture. The whole philosophy underlying kalaripayattu is that the system is to be used only for noble causes and never for self aggrandisement. The glorious days of kalaripayattu had set with the dawn of the 17th century, with increasing use of guns and cannons. The objectives of the courses are to familiarise the trainees with classical and contamporary trends and techniques in the respective field of art to teach them art application and history of art and to enable them to utilise art better, in their daily life. Circus: As art in which the Keralites distinguished themselves is the Circus. Kannur-Thalassery Region is not only the home of Circus in Kerala, but also the whole of India. Area Games Scheme Gymnastic Centre was established in the district at Thalassery on 6th May, 1990, considering the Circus parentage of Thalassery. Most of the reputed circus companies, existing at present are of thalassery people. Festivals

The Festival of Vishu, the vernal equinox, is observed in this district on a grant scale. The most important ceremony connected with this is the Kanikanal (literally means the first sight).

121 , the harvest festival of Kerala, is celebrated in Kannur also. The Pooram Festival of nine days begins on the day of Karthika Asterism and ends on the day of Pooram. During the festival days the image of Kamadeva is installed in every Hindu home and unmarried girls offer pooja. The Pooram season is an occassion for rejoicing and merry making. An interesting feature of the Pooram Festival is that it is accompanied by Poora Vilakku (illumination) and Poorakkali in the Temples. Pooram is celebrated usher in northern part of Kannur. Administrative developments and significant activities during the decade

Kannur International Airport

Acquisition activities and construction activities related with Kannur International Airport are going on now with the intention to be made operational by 2015. Kannur International Airport is an upcoming international airport located at Mattannur. The airport is the fourth international airport in Kerala. Kannur International Airport is expected to be operational by 2015. The department is hoping to conclude test flights by December 2015 and commercial flight operations commencing by April 2016. The proposal for the development of the Kannur International Airport received in-principle clearance from the Ministry of Civil Aviation in February 2008 and final approval later. The project will be implemented on a public–private partnership (PPP) basis and on a build-own-operate (BOO) model. The airport will come up in an area of 2,500 acres (1,000 ha) about 25 km away from Kannur. 1,600 acres (650 ha) has already been acquired. Ezhimala Naval Academy

Full fledged Functioning of Ezhimala Naval Academy was made during this decade. On 6 April 2005, the Naval base depot INS Zamorin was commissioned as a part of Phase I of the academy was inaugurated on 8 January 2009. On 8 January 2009 the , was inaugurated by the Prime Minister Manmohan singh. viii) BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PLACES OF RELIGIOUS, HISTORICAL OR ARCHEOLOGICAL AND TOURIST IMPORTANCE IN VILLAGES AND PLACES OF TOURIST INTEREST IN THE TOWNS OF THE DISTRICT

a) Places of Religious Importance

Payyannur Subrahmanya temple: shines as the land of Subrahmanya Swami in the minds of the devotees because of the presence of the Subrahmanya Swami temple called as Dakshina pazhani. Payyanur derives its name from the famous Sri Subrahmanya Swami Temple located at the heart of the city. Payyan is an appellation of Lord Subrahmanya and Ooru meaning the place. Thus Payyanur meaning the land of Lord Subrahmanya. Payyanur Sri Subrahmanya Swami Temple is believed to be constructed by Lord Parashurama, the incarnation of Lord Vishnu. Payyannur Pavithram or Pavithra Mothiram is internationally famous like” Mirror “or “Ambalapuzha Palpayasam”. Pavithram is the particular ring worn during performing vedic or holy rituals or during the “pithrubali” (ceremony performed for the well-being of the forefathers or departed souls) in the Hindu tradition. The traditional Pavitram is usually made of “dharba” grass. The formation of Payyanur Pavitram is closely related with Payyanur Sree Subrahmanya Swami Temple. According to the legends, Pavitram made of gold was recommended to avoid the inconvenience of making it many times a day for the various poojas and rituals

122 Raja Rajeswara/ry temple:

Rajarajeswara (Rajarajeswara is one of the names of ) Temple is situated at Taliparamba. This temple has a prominent place amongst the numerous Shiva temples in . If any problem is encountered in temples of South India, the final solution is sought in this Temple through a prasna, a traditional method of astrological decision making. The prasna is conducted on a peedha (a raised platform) situated outside the temple. Taliparamba is one among 108 Shiva Temples in Kerala (ancient Kerala from Gokarnam to Kanyakumari) created by Lord Parasurama. Taliparamba is regarded as one of the ancient Shakti Peethams. Legend has it that the head of Sati fell here after Shiva’s tandavam following Sati’s self- immolation. So this temple is popularly known as Rajarajeswari Temple. Siro Peetham or Sirassu is the other names given for Rajarajeswari Temple in some ancient documents. Interestingly Taliparamba Rajarajeswari Temple is also included in the list of 108 Durga Temples created by Lord Parasuram. In the list Taliparamba is mentioned as “Sirassilum”. Trichambaram Temple

The Trichambaram temple is dedicated to Lord Krishna. The pratishta here was said to be performed by Sambara Maharshi and hence the temple is known as Trichambaram. The belief is that the idol in the temple was what had been installed at Dhwaraka. It is significant that around the temple, the water level is high. There is an elanji tree just in front of the temple, which bears no fruits but only flowers. The Temple Vazhipadus like payasam and thousand appams are believed to bless the devotees with Santhanavardhanavu. Mosque at Madayi

The most interesting building at Madayi is the beautiful old mosque, which was founded by Malik Ibin Dinar. A block of white marble in the mosque is believed to have been brought from Mecca by the founder himself. The grave of an Arab Divine, who renovated this mosque, is also seen here. Madayikkavu

Madayikkavu, also known as Thiruvar Kadu Bhagavathi Temple, is a famous Hindu temple dedicated to Kali Amma in Kerala; India. Madayikkavu is believed to be the oldest one built in Kerala. The origin of the temple is ancient, and the main deity worshipped here is Madayi Kavu Amma or Thiruvar Kadu Bhagavathi

123 in the form of Maha Kali. The temple, situated in Madayi near Payangadi, is an important site of worship in the Kannur District and Kerala region. ‘Madayikavu Amma’, Goddess who is known for her blessings on devotees is worshipped as Mother Kali and it is a belief that any devotee who worships this Goddess with faith will be free from the black magic’s and witchcrafts of the enemies. Annapurneswari Temple

The Annapurneswari Temple, situated at Cherukunnu near Taliparamba, is believed to have been constructed by Parasurama. Parassinikadavu Temple

The famous Muthappan (Siva) Temple is on the right bank of the Valapattanam River. This Pilgrim Centre is famous for the Muthappan Theyyam performed every morning and evening. According to tradition, the main abode of Muthappan was Puralimala near Mattannur.

It is an accepted dictum here, that whatever is received by way of gifts or offerings should be spent for the benefits of the pilgrims. The daily offerings made to Muthappan are also different from what they are in other temples. It has been customary to offer toddy, fish and meat as ‘nivedyams’ to this deity. People of all castes and communities including members of the Muslim as well as Christian communities are known to donate sums of money as ‘Vazhipadu’ to Muthappan. The annual festival which falls on December 1st provides a special occasion for pilgrims to throng the Parassinikadavu Temple. Kadalai temple

The Kadalai Sree Krishna Temple, belonging to the Chirakkal Kovilakom, is noted for its exquisite woodcarvings. There is an opinion that the original name of the district, Kannur was derived from the name of the deity of the Katalayi Temple i.e., Kannan (Krishna) and Ur (place). Thiruvangad Temple

The Thiruvangad Temple, dedicated to Sri Rama, is an important temple. The temple is generally known as the Brass Pagoda from the copper sheeting of its roof.

124 A part of the temple was damaged by Tippu’s Troops in the 18th Century, but the temple itself is believed to have been saved from destruction by a miracle. It was one of the outposts of the Thalassery Fort in the eighteenth century. In its precincts were held many conferences between the officials of the East India Company and Local Leaders, at which political treaties and agreements were signed. The temple contains some interesting sculptures and lithic records. The annual festival of temple commences on Vishu Day in Medam (April-May) and lasts for seven days. Jagannatha Temple

The Jagannatha Temple, set up by Sree Narayana Guru in 1908, is another important temple. It is situated on a raised ground in the midst of paddy fields and was built by raising funds from the rich and the poor alike.

St.John’s Church

The St. John’s Church, situated beneath the walls of the Thalassery Fort, was built in 1869 with the funds provided by the Master Attendant, Mr. Edward Brennen.

125 Mosque at Thalassery

The Juma Masjid situated near the Maidan in the heart of Thalassery Town is one of the most beautiful mosques in the district. It is said to be more than a thousand years old and has been rebuilt in the Indo Saracenic Style of Architecture Andaloorkkavu

Sree Andaloorkkavu is a famous and prominant temple situated at Andalur in Dharmadam village of Kannur district, North Kerala. This old and famous temple is in the name of Lord Rama and the main festival is celebrated in the mid of February that is first week of the month Kumbam of Malayalam calendar. Being a part of North Malabar, in Andalur kavu also theyyam or theyaattam is the main ritual of worship. Its one of the rare places where Yuddha kanda of Ramayana - the great epic is been visualised and performed.The main deities are Sri Rama, Lakshmana and Hanuman. Also significance for this kavu is that it has two holi places called Mele Kavu and Thazhe kavu. Subrahmanya swamy Temple: This is one of the famous Sri Subramanya swami temples in kerala. This temple is also famous for Naga Pooja (serpent worship). The main offerings (“vazhipaddu”) in this temple are “Subramania Puja” and “Mutta Oppikal” (offering of eggs to the revered snake deity- to get wishes from snake gods). According to myths, Lord Rama and Lakshmana stopped over at this temple while they were travelling to Lanka to fulfill their mission of freeing Sita, and left his bangle in this place. It was believed to be evolution behind the name of this place. Peralasseri was known as ‘Peruvalasseri’ related to the event of Sri Rama. After many years it was shortened as ‘Péralasseri. Thodikkalam temple: Temples and Palaces were the ancient galleries for mural paintings in Kerala. One such temple which has been attracting a large number of art lovers from all over the world is Sri Thodikkalam Siva Temple near Kannavam. The temple has some beautiful mural painting which represents scenes from Hindu mythology like rugmini swayamvaram; raavana vadham etc. It has made a remarkable position in the tourist map of Kerala. Sri Thodeekalam Siva Temple is located about 2 km from Kannavam near Thalassery on the way to Manathavadi, Kannur district, north Kerala. This temple said to have been constructed 2000 years ago, has sanctum sanctorum constructed in two storeys and is square in shape. The outer buildings,

126 which are almost destroyed by Lord Tippu and an incomplete Mukhamandapam (portico) in front of the central shrine completes the whole structure. Since there is no Dwaja Sthamba (Flag post) infront of the temple, there is no long lasting festival in this temple. Still on the days of ‘Sapthami’ and ‘Ashtami’ in Malayalam month ‘Vrishika’, and on Sivarathri (on Malayalam month of ‘Kumba’), there will be festivals. Elephant is restricted in this temple for festivals. Kottiyur temples

The most important pilgrim centre in the district is Kottiyur, otherwise known as the “Varanasi” of the south. There are two temples at Kottiyur viz. Akkare Kottiyur and Ikkare Kottiyur lying in the deep forests. A sword from the Muthirikavu, Tavinal Village, is brought to Ikkara Kottiyur and this marks the beginning of the festival. It is believed that this sword is the one with which Daksha is believed to have been hacked to death and it is an object of daily worship of Muthirikavu. This festival is akin to the yaga performed by Daksha. The special ceremonies connected with the festival are Neyyattam and Elaneerattam, literally meaning the pouring of ghee and water of tender coconut respectively.

b) Places of Historical or Archaeological Importance Payyannur

Payyanur is one of extant ancient civilized places in Kerala. This northern town of Kerala claims a rich and glorious recorded history. The archeological remains excavated from Payyanur and nearby places prove the existence of a city in this area centuries ago. The earliest known mention of this town is in the Brahmanda Purana, when Garga Muni talks about this place to the Pandavas, during their exile. The famous travellers, who visited here, have described about this area with high praise. The famous traveller Ibn Bathutha visited Ezhimala in AD 1342 and wrote about the large seaport and the Chinese ships anchored here. In AD 1273, Abul Fida, and in AD 1293, the world-famous traveller, Marco Polo, and in 15th century, the Italian traveller Nicholo Konti all visited this place, and have given good and extensive accounts of

127 Ezhimala port, which known by the name of “Heli”. Centuries back, Payyanur was a part of the Ezhimala/ Mushika/Kolathiri Kingdom. King Nandan who ruled this Kingdom was mighty and well known as a great warrior and ruler. The books written during the Sangam period describe about this country and this King with much importance. At certain times, Ezhimala was also under the rule of the Cheras. ‘Payyanur’ is an important place in the freedom struggle movement of India. Payyanur witnessed non-violent and violent struggles as a part of the freedom movement. The historic ‘salt satyagraha’, ‘Pattini jatha’, ‘Ayithochadana Prakshobam’, Quit India movement etc started from here reveals this. Ezhimala

Ezhimala, in Village - the capital of the ancient Mushika Kings and Kolathiri Raja, is considered to be an ancient historical site. It is a conspicuous, isolated cluster of hills, forming a promontory, 38 kms. north of Kannur. As it is that Tippu Sulthan had given training to his cavalry in the hills of Ezhimala, a flourishing seaport and centre of trade in ancient Kerala, it was one of the major battlefields of the Chola-Chera war of the 11th century. It is believed that Lord Buddha had visited Ezhimala. An old mosque believed to contain the mortal remains of Shaikh Abdul Latif, a Muslim reformist, is also located here. A wealth of rare medicinal herbs is also found. Naval Academy – Ezhimala

The Kerala Government has earmarked an area of 992 hectares of land at Ezhimala towards setting up of a Naval Academy which would impart training to Officers of Indian Navy. The Academy is located in the picturesque landscape surrounded by Ettikulam village in the south and Ramanthali village in the north. NAVAC was established in May 1969, while its Ezhimala campus was inaugurated on 8 January 2009. It shares the 2,452 acres (9.92 km2) site with the naval base depot, INS Zamorin, and the naval hospital, INHS Navjivani.

Chirakkal

Chirakkal is Situated 9 kms. North of Kannur, Chirakkal was the seat of Chirakkal or Kolathiri Rajas. According to the late Sri Raja Ravivarma of , quoted by Sri K.P. Padmanabha Menon in his History of Kerala (Vol. II) “The Kingdom of Kolathiri Raja extended from Kasaragod in the north to Korappuzha in the south. The eastern boundary was Kutakumala and the west, the Sea”. Kolathiri House had matrimonial

128 alliance with the Travancore Royal House, at least from the 14th century. The huge rectangular tank at Chirakkal, attached to the palace, popularly known as Chirakkal Chira, with an area of 14.70 acres (5.95 hectares) is a prominent landmark visible even from the air while travelling by aeroplane. The Katalayi Sree Krishna Temple, belonging to the Chirakkal Kovilakom, is noted for its exquisite woodcarvings. There is an opinion that the original name of the district, Kannur was derived from the name of the deity of the Katalayi Temple i.e., Kannan (Krishna) and Ur (place). Pallikunnu

Central Prison, situated in Pallikunnu at a distance of 3 kms. away from Kannur Town. It is a centre of attraction in historic prospective in the sense that many National Leaders of Freedom Struggle and various local peasant revoltees were either brutally imprisoned or mercilessly executed here. A sale counter for the sale of jail produces is also functioning in the prisons premises. Dharmadam known earlier as Dharmapattanam was a Buddhist stronghold. The Dharmadam Island is located 100 metres away from the mainland at Dharmadam. It is known for the 100-year-old Government Brennen College and Dharmadam Island. Dharmadam is also home to famous Kavu. India’s premier circus Academy, Circus Academy Thalassery is also located at Dharmadam. Geographically, Dharmadam is an island, en route Thalassery and Kannur. It is surrounded by the Anjarakandy River on three sides and by the Arabian Sea on the fourth side. The Jews and the Arabs have named this place Dahfattan in their records in the 12th century; the British named it Darmapatam and the Portuguese called it Darmapatao. The last perumal of Kerala Cheraman Perumal left for Arabia from Poyanad province north of Dharmadam. The relics of the fort of Perumal’s sister Sreedevi and nephew Mahabali is seen in the vicinity of Govt. Brennan College. Fort St. Angelos

Fort St. Angelos is in the west of Kannur Town. It was built in 1505 by the first Portuguese Viceroy, Don Francisco De Almeida, with the permission of the Kolathiris. This fort is in a fairly good state of preservation, though parts of it have collapsed. A few obsolete guns are seen at the place. The fort is a protected monument under the Archaeological Survey of India. Thalassery Fort

In 1700, the British built the Thalassery Fort on a small hill called Thiruvellapadkunnu and in 1708, it was strengthened with bastions and by increasing its height. The fort is a square structure built of laterite and is distinguished by its massive ventilated walls and strong flanking bastions. Kannavam

Situated 27 kms. east of Thalassery and 30 kms. east of Koothuparamba on the Periya Ghat Road, it became prominent during the Pazhassi Revolt. Two Pazhassi Patriots, Kannavam and Peruvayal Nambiars were hanged on the hills of Kannavam and their houses confiscated. A Siva Temple and the three rock cut caves are at Thodikkalam, one kilometre north-west of Kannavam. The temple is noted for its rectangular Garbhagriha with a Pyramidal Sikhara and Globular Stupika in tiles. There are the deities Ganapathy, Parvathy and Ayyappa also in the temple. The mural paintings which depict the scenes from Hindu Mythology such as Rugmini Swayamvaram, Ravanavadham etc. are master pieces. A tribal colony for Kurichiyas is located at the Kannoth Reserves. A tourist bungalow owned by the Forest Department is situated here. Koothuparamba

Situated 14 kms. north east of Thalassery, Koothuparamba is an important place on the Thalassery- Kodagu Road and it is the headquarters of Koothuparamba Development Block. Koothuparamba is well connected by road to all places in the district. The present Traveller’s Bungalow stands on the mud fort occupied by the British troops during the Pazhassi Struggle for freedom. Before reaching Koothuparamba

129 there is a large tank in the Kottayam-Malabar Census Town and on its banks, the eastern and southern palaces of Kottayam Rajas are situated. Mattannur Mattannur is the name of a Desom in Pazhassi Village which is historically important because of the heroic resistance for freedom against the British by Pazhassi Kerala Varma Raja. It is located 27 kilometres away from Kannur as well as Thalassery. Apart from being a warrior of iron will, who organised the Kurichiya tribes of Wayanad to fight the British, Pazhassi Raja was a poet and writer of Kathakali Pieces. Pazhassi Irrigation Project is one of the important irrigation projects of North Malabar. The main office of the irrigation project is located at Mattannur. c) Places of Tourist Importance Ezhimala Indian Naval Academy is located in Ezhimala. There is a famous temple dedicated to Lord Hanuman and the Mount Deli Lighthouse also located here. It is maintained by the Indian Navy and is a restricted area. The beach sand is of a different texture and the sea is bluer than in other areas. At the Ettikulam Bay, one can enjoy watching dolphins. The topography of Ezhimala, with Mount Dilli abutting on the Arabian Sea has, since ancient times, inspired the local people to weave a number of legends. The most popular is the one connected with the Ramayana tradition. At one stage in the war between Rama and Ravana, many of Rama’s forces, including his brother Lakshman, were killed. An anxious Rama consulted Jambavan, the senior most in the Vanara sena. It was decided to bring four medicinal herbs, shalya karani, vishalya karani, and sandhana karani and mritha sanjivani from the Himalayas for removing the arrows, healing the wounds, stitching the cuts and finally bringing the dead to life. Hanuman was entrusted with the task of collecting these herbs and he at once set out for the Himalayas. On reaching the Himalayas, however, Hanuman realised that he was unable to recognise the ayurvedic herbs. So he did the next best thing - he plucked the entire Rishabadri Mountain itself and flew back. On his way southwards, a piece of the mountain fell down near the sea and that is Ezhimala. The local people believe that Ezhimala still possesses these rare ayurvedic herbs.

Madayi Para It is a beautiful spot of historical and religious importance. There are several ancient temples and mosques in . It is a place of great eco-diversity dotted with rare kinds of floral species.

130 Madayipara is a significant spot owing to its bio-diversity as well as history. In the past, Madayipara was the administrative center of the Ezhimala kings. In and around Madayipara, one can find remnants from the past. At the southern side of the hill, stand the remains of a fort called Pazhi Kotta (Kotta means fort in Malayalam). Here one can also find watchtowers at the four corners of the fort. Between AD 14 and AD 18, Madayipara used to be the site for the coronation ceremony of the rulers of the princely state of the erstwhile . The hillock of Madayipara, which carries several signs of historic relevance, is also a place important from a religious point of view. Here, a pond in the shape of a hand held mirror, connected to ancient Jewish setllers is another historic attraction. Similarly, a temple at this site, called Vadukunda Siva Temple and the adjoining lake, about an acre in extension form yet another attraction at Madayipara. The lake near the temple will not go dry even in hot summer months and remains a source of nourishment to life forms at Madayipara. The pooram festival of Madayi Kavu family temples and those in the midst of thick vegetation held at Madayipara has been responsible for much of its fame. With regard to the bio- diversity of Madayipara, it has been found that the region contains about 300 flowering plants, about 30 varieties of grass, and several insect-eating plant species. Madayipara is also home to several rare medicinal herbs, which are sought by people from near and far off places. Coming to avian life, Madayipara sustains about 100 species of butterflies and about 150 species of birds. Among the biggest butterflies in the world, the Atlas butterfly is a visitor to Madayipara. Payyambalam Beach Resort The Payyambalam Beach is one of the beautiful beaches in the State and is an ideal place to spend evenings irrespective of seasons. It is very near to Kannur Town. Moppila Bay Moppila Bay, a natural fishing harbour developed under the Indo-Norwegian Pact, is lying near Fort St. Angelos. A sea-wall projecting from the fort separates the rough sea and inland water. The Bay was famous during the Kolathiris’ regime as a commercial harbour that linked Kolathunadu with the Lakshadweep and foreign countries for imports and exports. It is situated close to Kannur town. This was the palace of the old Arakkal Kingdom, the only Muslim royal family in Kerala. Now it is converted into a museum. The Arrakkal Museum is a museum dedicated to the Arakkal family, the only Muslim royal family in Kerala, south India. The museum is actually a section of the Arakkalkettu (Arakkal Palace). The durbar hall section of the palace has been converted into a museum by the Government of Kerala. Arakkal family is the royal family which ruled Kannur for several centuries. They had family relationship with Kolathiris, the rulers of the neighbouring Chirakkal kingdom. Arakkal family had trade relationship with Arabs and later with Europeans. The islands of Lakshadweep and Maldives were ruled by Arakkal family. The king of Arakkal kingdom was known as Arakkal Raja and the Queen was known as Arakkal Beevi. Dharmadam Island The small island covered with coconut palms and dense bushes is a beautiful sight from the beach. It is close to . During low tide, one can just walk to the island from the beach. Dharmadam Island is a small private island in between Kannur and Thalassery. It lies 100 metres from the mainland at Dharmadam. Ezhimala beach The beautiful beach here has a hillock nearby (286 m high). Carved stone pillars and an ancient burial chamber can be seen at the foot of the hills promontory extending itself into the Arabian Sea with beautiful beach nearby. The hills are noted for rare medicinal herbs.

131 Kerala Folklore Academy Located at Chirakkal is the head quarters of Kerala Folklore Academy. The academy is formed to promote traditional art forms of Kerala. For those keen to follow and understand the artistic heritage during their visits to Kerala, it would be an ideal choice to drop in at The Kerala Folklore Academy, located at Chirakkal in Kannur, the northern district of Kerala. Established in 1995, welfare of the folk artistes is the prime concern of the academy. Muzhapilangad Drive-in-Beach It is the only drive-in-beach in India. One can drive the entire 4km length of the beach. Overbury’s Folly The folly is located on a hill near Thalassery District Court and is adjacent to a park. It slopes down from the sub-collector’s bungalow to the rocks below and is named after its builder, E. N. Overbury, a Briton who served as a local judge at Thalassery in the 1870s. Parassinkkadavu Snake Park The park is dedicated to the preservation and conservation of snakes. There is a large collection of poisonous and non-poisonous snakes.

Pythal Mala/Vaithal Mala This enchanting hill station, situated 4,500 ft. above sea level near the Kerala - Karnataka border, is rich in flora and fauna. It is a 6 km trek to the top of the hills. Thalassery Fort It was constructed in 1708 AD, when the British East India Company established its settlement on the ; they built the Thalassery Fort, as a testimonial to their colonial imperialism. The square fort, with its massive walls, secret tunnels to the sea and intricately carved huge doors, is an imposing structure. Malayala Kala Gramam Located at New Mahe , it is a centre for art and ideas which aims at providing children and youngsters a Kalari (stage) to practise and perform all forms of fine arts. The centre offers part time as well as full time courses in painting, sculpture, music and dance and art pottery.

132 Aralam Wildlife Sanctuary Aralam wildlife sanctuary is the northernmost protected area of Kerala state, situated in the southeast part of Kannur District. Elephants, sloth bears, sambars, mouse, deer etc. can be found in the 55 sq. km sanctuary. Other attractions: Nature trails, soft trekking, bamboo rafting, coracle boating, stay at tree houses in Pariputhodu and Bhoothamkallu, bathing in the stream at Memutty. Kannur Fort Constructed by the first Portuguese Viceroy, Don Francesco de Almeida in 1505, St. Angelo’s Fort today is a protected monument under the Archaeological Survey of India. The fort offers a fascinating view of the Moppila Bay and Dharmadom Island. Kavvayi Backwaters/Valiyaparamba Island Kavvayi Backwaters located near Payyannur is the third largest backwater in Kerala and the largest one in north Kerala. The Kavvayi Kayal (Backwaters) is dotted with several small and large islands. Valiyaparamba Island is the largest among them and stretches over 16 sq.km Meenkunnu Beach

A serene beach with golden sands comes as an extension of payyambalam beach towards north.

An ideal retreat for tourists, the dam site is famous for its scenic beauty. Kizhunna-Ezhara Beach

Kizhunna-Ezhara beaches are very well defined and untouched beaches in Kerala. Thottada Beach

Thottada Beach is close to Kannur but away from the crowd. Gundert Bungalow

Situated near Thalasseri town at Illikunnu. Dr. Herman Gundert, the revered German missionary, scholar and lexicographer lived in this bungalow for 20 years from 1839.

ix) MAJOR CHARECTERISTICS OF THE DITRICT, CONTRIBUTION OF THE DISTRICT IN THE FORM OF ANY HISTORICAL FIGURE ASSOCIATED WITH THE DISTRICT. Kaumudi Teacher, (1917- 2009) Kaumudi Teacher, (1917- 2009) was a Gandhian and an Indian freedom fighter from Kannur. She was known for voluntarily donating her ornaments to Gandhi when the later visited in January 14,

133 1934 which was acknowledged by Gandhi when he wrote an article “Kaumudi’s renunciation” in Young India.Kaumudi Teacher died on 4 August 2009 at Kadachira in Kannur.

Dr. Herman Gundert (1814-1893) Hermann Gundert, (1814–1893) German missionary and scholar, the author of Keralolpathi (1843), Pazhancholmala (1845), Malayalabhaasha Vyakaranam(1851), Paathamala (1860) the first Malayalam school text book, Kerala pazhama(1868), Malayalabhasha Nighandu, the first Malayalam dictionary (1872), Malayalarajyam(1879)-, Rajya Samacharam (1847 June) the first Malayalam news paper, Paschimodayam (1879)-Magazine lived in Thalassery at illikkunnu , Kannur for 20 years.

Vengayil Kunhiraman Nayanar (1861-1915) Vengayil Kunhiraman Nayanar, who is known to the world of letters by his pen-name ‘Kesari’ was a celebrated literary figure of this district. He was one of the pioneers of and

134 contributed to leading Malayalam Journals, articles dealing with such social themes as Marumakkathayam. He excelled in the field of humour and satire and is referred to by some writers as the Mark Twain of Malayalam Literature. M. Seshagiri Prabhu (1855-1924) M. Seshagiri Prabhu of Thalassery was another noted Malayalam writer of the modern age. Among his works may be mentioned Sri Harshacharitam, Naganandam, Vedvyasan, Vyakaranamitram, Vyakaranadarsa etc. Seshagiri Prabhu was honoured with title of Sahitya Kusalam by the Maharaja of Cochin in 1918. Chengalathu Cheriya Kunhiraman Menon (1882-1940) He was popularly known by his pen name ‘MRKC’ and was born at Balia Patam (Valapattanam) in this district. His important works are Malayalathil Jenmikal, Raghuvamsa Charithram, Bhargavaramam, Velluvakkamaran and several short stories. Of those, the most important work is Velluvakkamaran dealing with the story of the Nair youth who became a convert to Islam and served Haider Ali with the name Shaik Ayaz. Ramunni Nair (1903-1942) Ramunni Nair is commonly known by his pen name ‘Sanjayan’ was born in Thalassery and later made Calicut the seat of his literary activities. He too specialised in the field of humour and satire and wrote essays and articles on a variety of social and political themes in contemporary journals. He also edited two magazines, Viswarupam and Sanjayan. His important works are Hasyanjali and Anithiopaharam. He also translated into Malayalam, famous play ‘Othello’ of Shakespear. Murkoth Kumaran (1874-1941) He was another distinguished literary figure of the district who had written several works in Malayalam which included the biographies of famous novelist O. Chandu Menon, the distinguished writter Vengayil Kunhiraman Nayanar and the social reformer Sri Narayana Guru. Sankaranatha Jyotsiar (1799-1858) Kannur District had made significant contributions in the field of literature and learning in the 18th and 19th centuries. An outstanding scholar and statesman of this district who flourished in the first half of 19th century was Sankaranatha Jyotsiar. Born in Karivallur Madh, Payyannur, he acquired mastery in several branches of learning but specialised particularly in Astrology, Ornithology and Vedanta Philosophy. He travelled extensively all over India and enriched his knowledge and experience. His abilities attracted the attention of Ranjit Singh, the ‘Lion of Punjab’ and he appointed him as a member of his Council of Ministers at Lahore. Swathithirunal, the then Maharaja of Travancore who came to know of the versatile gifts of Sankaranatha Jyotsiar invited him to Thiruvananthapuram and appointed him successively as Judge and Chief Judge of Sadr Court and later as the Foujdari Commission in the royal palace at the suggestion of Swathithirunal. Sankaranatha Jyotsiar undertook the translation of a Sanskrit work entitled Devi Bhagavatham which he had brought from Punjab. He could translate only eight cantos of this work and after his death the translation was completed by his son Attukal Sankara Pillai. Keeleri Kunhikkannan In Thalassery Taluk the great Circus Acharya of Kerala, Sri Keelari Kunhikkannan Teacher, was born in 1858. He was successful in making radical reforms in the Circus Art by originating and accomplishing a variety of thrilling feats and creating Circus Stars out of village urchins. The stars he moulded out of obscure village youths attained the height of fame and glory which enabled them to carry this art from generation to generation. In the early days Kunhikannan showed great interest in arts such as ‘Kalaripayattu’ and Wrestling. He visited neighbouring places like Mysore, Madurai, Tiruchi, etc., to learn the art of Wrestling practised in those places. He further enriched his knowledge by a study of the modes of Gymnastics and

135 sports practised by the Westerners. Keelari was appointed as a Gymnastics Teacher in B.E.M.P High School, Thalassery in 1884. The first Circus Training Institute was established in Thalassery with Kunhikkannan as teacher in 1901. This was the second school of its kind in India.

Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja (also known as Cotiote Rajah or Pazhassi Raja) was one of the earliest freedom fighters in India. He was the prince regent of the princely state of Kottayam or Cotiote in Malabar, India between 1774 and 1805. His struggles with English East India Company is known as Cotiote War. He is popularly known as Kerala Simham (Lion of Kerala) on account of his martial exploits. Pazhassi Raja was a member of the western branch of the Kottayam royal clan. When Hyder Ali of the Kingdom of Mysore occupied Malabar in 1773 the Raja of Kottayam found political asylum in Travancore. Pazhassi Raja, the fourth prince in line for succession to the throne during this period, became one of the de facto heads of state surpassing several of his elder royals. He fought a war of resistance on Mysorean army from 1774 to 1793. On account of his refusal to flee and resolve to fight invaders, people of Kottayam stood firmly behind the Raja who had not abandoned them in their hour of misfortune. Raja’s troops were drawn from ranks of the Nambiar, Thiyya and also the tribal clans like Kurichias and Mullukurumbas.

Thinakkal Padmanabhan Thinakkal Padmanabhan, popularly known as T. Padmanabhan is a short story writer in Malayalam. He has written more than 170 stories. Prakasam Parathunna Penkutty (The Girl Who Spreads Radiance, 1955), Oru Kathakrithu Kurishil (A Story Writer being Crucified, 1956), Makhan Singhinte Maranam (The

136 Death of Makhan Singh, 1958), Kala Bhairavan and Gouri (1993) are some of his major works. His stories have been translated in almost every Indian languages and foreign languages such as Russian, French and English. He received the Vayalar Award in 2001 for his story Puzha Kadannu Marangalude Edayileku. He has also received Kendra Sahitya Akademi Award, Award, Vallathol Award and Lalithambika Andharjanam Award. Sukumar Azhikode Sukumar Azhikode the famous writer, critic and orator, acknowledged for his contributions to Malayalam language and insights on Indian philosophy was born in Azhikode, kannur . He was a scholar in Sanskrit, Malayalam, and English languages. Azhikode was a bachelor and lived in Eravimangalam near Thrissur, Kerala state.

M. N. Vijayan Master M. N. Vijayan Master was born in the Lokamaleshwaram district of Thrissur, Kerala. He worked as a lecturer Brennen College, Thalassery, in 1960 as Malayalam lecturer. He stayed at Dharmadam, Thalassery from 1960 to 1999.

K. Raghavan K. Raghavan popularly known as Raghavan Master was a Malayalam music composer. Raghavan was often credited for the renaissance of Malayalam film music. He was the pioneer in contributing Malyalam film songs with its own tunes and styles. He had composed around 400 songs in and was active in Malayalam film industry for nearly four decades. In the field of sports and games, many well-known personalities have adorned Kannur District. Jimmy George Jimmy George, the veteran volleyball player who was selected as one of the top 10 strikers in the world when he was playing for an Italian club was born and brought up in Kannur is often considered one

137 of the greatest volleyball players of all time. He was the first Indian volleyball player to become professional and played club volleyball in Italy. He belonged to Peravoor. Former Indian hockey goalkeeper Manuel Frederick is from Kannur. Ivan D’Cruz who hails from Kannur has represented Kerala in cricket and hockey. The famous Fort Maidan and Police Maidan provide ample facilities for the youths to excel in the field of sports and games. With the establishment of Sports Divisions in Schools in 1976, the district could produce the international stars like P.T. Usha and M.D. Valsamma in Athletics; Leelamma Thomas and Moly P. Benedict in Basketball; and Anitha Retnam and Anandvalli in Volleyball. Kannur became famous in India for Ball Badminton at the time of T.K. Ramakrishnan and Kumaran. They won many laurels for Kannur. Shri A.M. Bharathan, hailing from Kannur, was the famous Weightlifter of India. Ayillyath Kuttiari Gopalan Ayillyath Kuttiari Gopalan popularly known as A. K. Gopalan, the first leader of opposition in India was born in Peralasseri, Kannur District. AKG played an important role in the formation of Indian Coffee House, a worker cooperative initiative by organising the thrown out employees of Coffee Houses of Coffee Board to establish ICHs in late 1950s. He led the hunger march from Malabar region to Madras in 1937 and the Malabar Jatha in support of the movement for responsible government in Travancore. He joined the Indian National Congress and began playing an active role in the Khadi Movement and the upliftment of Harijans. He was arrested for participating in the salt satyagraha in 1930.

x) SCOPE OF VILLAGE DIRECTORY AND TOWN DIRECTORY The Village Directory and Town Directory Statements presented in Part-A of this volume are useful sources of data for planners and researchers. It can provide accurate and reliable data on important rural/ urban characteristics. The Village Directory Data is considered to be “the Great Indian Rural Data•base”. Unlike most other States where each Village is wholly included in one Development Block, in Kerala several Villages fall under more than one Development Block. The Village Directory Data are available for the whole village and not for parts. So it has been decided to present the Village Directory Taluk-wise as was done in previous censuses. The non-census data given in the Village Directory and Town Directory Statements are supplied by the concerned Tahsildars or Municipal Secretaries and the data was later updated/corrected in consultation with the concerned Departments.

138 The amenities available in the rural areas of the districts are presented in the Village Directory. The Village Directory consists of Statements of villages in each taluk and for each village, area, population, number of households, availability of amenities such as educational, medical, drinking water, post, telegraph and telephone, communication facilities, power supply, approach to village and land use pattern are provided. Some new item of information such as number of banks, credit societies, number of recreational and cultural facilities in the village, etc., have been added in the present volume as compared to 2001. There are appendices also showing Abstracts/ Summaries of information given in Village Directory. The Town Directory Data are presented in seven Statements. The Town Directory furnishes data in respect of status of town (i.e. Municipal Corporation, Municipality / Cantonment, Township, Census Town); growth history (population for the period 2001 to 2011); physical aspects and location of towns, municipal finance; civic and other amenities; medical, educational recreational and cultural facilities, trade; commerce, industry and banking and civic and other amenities in the slum of Class-I and Clas-II Towns. Towns showing their Out-growths with population are presented as Appendix to Town Directory. Some important demographic characteristics collected through Houselist/Household Schedules of 2011 census like Total population, Total number of Households, Total Scheduled Caste population and Total Scheduled Tribe population are also given.

139 140 VILLAGE AND TOWN DIRECTORY

SECTION I - VILLAGE DIRECTORY

141 142 BRIEF NOTE ON THE VILLAGE AND TOWN DIRECTORY FOR THE DCHB, CENSUS OF INDIA,2011 VILLAGE DIRECTORY 2011 CENSUS The Village Directory is being compiled for both inhabited and un-inhabited villages. In the village directory both private and government facilities/institutions have been given. In case of un-inhabited / depopulated villages, the location code number, name and area of the village is being given universally in Village Directory and Village PCA. The columns relating to the amenities and land use pattern etc. being left blank and it will be noted against the name of the village that it is un-inhabited/depopulated. The Appen- dices to Village Directory and Inset Tables based on village Directory data are also prepared for inhabited villages.

In the Village Directory format for 2011 Census there are 121 columns and the details there on are as follows:

Columns 1 : Serial Number: - Self explanatory. All the villages within the CD block are presented serially in the ascending order of their location code number. Columns 2 : Name of village: - Self explanatory. The name of the villages are shown against this column. This also includes the forest and uninhabited villages. Columns 3 : Location Code Number of village: - The location code number of the villages are shown against this column. Columns 4 : Area of the Village: - The area of the villages has been given in hectares. Column 5 : Total Population: - The total population of the village as per 2011 Census has been given against this column. Column6 : Number of Households: - The number of households as per 2011 Census have been given in this column. Amenities : - The availability of different infrastructural amenities such as education, medical, drinking water, post, telegraph, banks, credit societies, recreation and cultural facilities, communication, power, etc. in each village have been given in the Village Directory. Wherever the amenities are not available in the village, the distance range code viz; ‘a’ for <5 Kms, ‘b’ for 5-10 Kms and ‘c’ for 10+ Kms of the nearest where facility is available is given. Column wise details are given below: Columns No. 7 – 20 Educational Facilities : - All the different educational facilities available in the village have been given under these columns. Nursery/LKG//UKG classes are included in Pre- Primary Schools, Classes up to class V included in Primary School; Classes from VI to VIII are included in the Middle school. Classes from IX and X included in Secondary School. Classes from XI and XII are included in Senior Secondary School. In case of composite schools like middle school with primary school or secondary school with middle school, these are also included in the number of primary and middle schools, respectively. The information on the entire educational institutes is given under these columns. Columns No. 21 to 38 - Medical Facilities : - All the different medical facilities available in the village have been given under these columns. Columns No. 39 to 46 -Drinking Water : - The information on availability of various types of the drinking water facility within the village has been given under these columns. Columns No. 47 to 50 – Availability of Toilet and others :- The information on availability of toilet and Bio-Gas etc. available in the village has been given under these columns. Columns No. 51 to 67 Communication (Post & Telegraph and transport) :- The information on communication and Post Office, Sub-Post Office, & Telegraph Office, Village PIN Code number,

143 Phone-Landlines, Mobile Phone, Private Courier Facility, Internet Café, etc; available in the village has been given under these columns. The information on all various transport facilities whether public/private transport like Bus, Railway Station, or Navigable waterways, Taxi , Van, Tractors etc. available in the village has also been given under these columns. Columns No.68 to 79 – Village connected to High ways, Village Roads, Banks and Credit Societies : - The information on all roads connected to village has been given under these columns. These include National Highway, State Highway, District Roads and other district roads connected to the village, Pucca roads, Kutchcha Roads, Water Bounded Macadam Roads, Navigable Water Ways and Foot Paths has been given under these columns. Further, the information on availability of banks, ATM and Agricultural Credit societies in the village has been given under these columns. Column No. 80 to 96 Miscellaneous Facilities : - The information on various miscellaneous facilities available in the village has been given under these columns. These includes Self -Help Group, Public Distribution Shop (PDS), Mandi /Regular Market, Weekly Haat, Agricultural Marketing Society, Nutrition Centre(ICDS), Anganwadi Centre, ASHA, Community Centre, Sports Fields, Sports Club/Recreation Centre, Cinema/Video Halls, Public Library, Public Reading Room, News Paper Supply, Assembly Polling Station, Birth and Death Registration Office. Columns No. 97 to 100 – Electricity : - Availability of Power Supply in the village, whatever may be the form of its use has been given in these columns. These include Electricity for Domestic Use, Electricity for Agriculture, Use Electricity for Commercial Use, and Electricity for all purpose Domestic Uses. Column No. 101 and 102 -Nearest Town : - The name of the nearest town along with the distance range code has been in these columns. Land use and Irrigation : - The land use pattern in the Village Directory conform to the pattern of classification of land use as recommended by the Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India. The Ministry has recommended the maintenance of records of land use pattern under the following 9 categories. (i) Column No. 103 -Forests:-This includes all lands classed as forest under any legal enactment dealing with forests or administered as forests, whether state-owned or private, and whether wooded or maintained as potential forest land. The area of crops raised in the forest and grazing lands or areas open for grazing within the forests remain included under the forest area. (ii) Column No. 104 - Area under non-agricultural use:-This includes all lands occupied by buildings, roads and railways or under water, e.g. rivers and canals and other lands put to uses other than agriculture. (iii) Columns No. 105 - Barren and un-culturable land:-This includes all barren and unculturable land like mountains, deserts, etc. land which cannot be brought under cultivation except at an exorbitant cost should be classed as unculturable whether such land is in isolated blocks or within cultivated holdings. (iv) Column No. 106 - Permanent Pastures and other Grazing Lands:-This includes all grazing lands whether they are permanent pastures and meadows or not. Village common grazing land is included under this head. (v) Column No. 107 - Land under Miscellaneous Tree Crops, etc.:- This includes all cultivable land which is not included in ‘Net area sown’ but is put to some agricultural uses. Lands under Causing trees, thatching grasses, bamboo bushes and other groves for fuel, etc. which are not included under ‘Orchards’ are classed under this category.

144 (vi) Column No. 108- Culturable Waste Land: - This includes lands available for cultivation, whether not taken up for cultivation or taken up for cultivation once but not cultivated during the current year and the last five years or more in succession for one reason or other. Such lands may be either fallow or covered with shrubs and jungles which are not put to any use. They may be assessed or unassessed and may lie in isolated blocks or within cultivated holdings. Land once cultivated but not cultivated for five years in succession is also included in this category at the end of the five years. (vii) Column No. 109- Fallow Lands other than Current Fallows: - This includes all lands which were taken up for cultivation but are temporarily out of cultivation for a period of not less than one year and not more than five years. (viii) Column No. 110- Current Fallows: - This represents cropped area, which is kept fallow during the current year. For example, if any seeding area is not cropped against the same year it may be treated as current fallow. (ix) Column No. 111- Net Area Sown: - This represents the total area sown with crops and orchards. Area sown more than once; in the same year is counted only once. Column No. 112- Total Irrigated Land Area: - It includes all land which is cultivable and irrigated by any source of irrigation. The total irrigated area of the village has been given under this column. Column No. 113- Total Un-Irrigated land Area: - Un-Irrigated area includes all land which is cultivable but not irrigated by any source of irrigation. The total un-irrigated land area of the village has been given under this column. Column No. 114 to 118 - Area Irrigated by source: - The area irrigated by various source of irrigation in the village have been given under these columns. The different source of irrigation facilities available in the village are as follows: (i) Canals(C)-Govt. or Pvt., (ii) Wells/Tube-wells (W/TW), (iii) Tanks/Lake(T/L), (iv) Waterfall,(WF) (v) Others(O). Columns No.119 to 121 -Three most important commodities manufactured :- The names of three most important commodities manufactured in the village are indicated in this column. Taluk level totals of the Village Directory:-

At the end of entries for the Village Directory of each Taluk, the totals of different columns are being given wherever possible. However, in case of some of the columns, it may not be possible to work out the Taluk level totals, in such cases the particular of relevant columns are being left blank against Taluk level.

Appendices to Village Directory: - The Village Directory also includes the following appendices:

Appendix –I : Summary showing total number of villages having Educational, Medical and other amenities in villages – Taluk level.

Appendix I A : Villages by number of Primary Schools.

Appendix I B : Villages by Primary, Middle and Secondary Schools.

145 Appendix I C : Villages with different sources of drinking water facilities available.

Appendix II : Villages with 5,000 and above population which do not have one or more amenities available.

Appendix -III : Land utilization data in respect of Census towns.

Appendix -IV : Taluk wise list of inhabited villages where no amenity other than drinking water facility is available

Appendix -V : Summary showing number of Villages not having Scheduled Caste population.

Appendix -VI : Summary showing number of Villages not having Scheduled Tribe population.

Appendix VII A : List of villages according to the proportion of the Scheduled Castes to the total population by ranges.

Appendix VII B : List of villages according to the proportion of the Scheduled Tribes to the total population by ranges. Appendix -VIII : Number of villages under each Gram Panchayat (Taluk wise).

146 LIST OF VILLAGES MERGED IN TOWNS AND OUTGROWTHS AT 2011 CENSUS

List of villages Name of Town /Out-growths 1 2 Korome Payyannur Municipality Vellur do Payyannur do Taliparamba Taliparamba Municipality Andhur do do Karivellur Karivellur Census Town Pariyaram Pariyaram Census Town Kurumathur Kurumathur Census Town Irikkur Irikkur Census Town Kuttiattoor Kuttiattoor Census Town Mayyil Mayyil Census Town Kolacherry Kolacherry Census Town Cheleri Cheleri Census Town Maniyoor Maniyoor Census Town Kannur I (Part) Kannur Municipality Kannur II do Kannur I (Part) Kannur Cantonment Cantonment Board Kunhimangalam Kunhimangalam Census Town Cheruthazham Cheruthazham Census Town Kadannappalli Kadannappalli Census Town Ezhome EzhomeCensus Town Madayi MadayiCensus Town Cherukunnu CherukunnuCensus Town Kannapuram Kannapuram Census Town Narath Narath Census Town Pappinisseri Pappinisseri Census Town Kalliasseri Kalliasseri Census Town Azhikode North Azhikode North Census Town Azhikode South Azhikode South Census Town Valapattanam Valapattanam Census Town Chirakkal Chirakkal Census Town Kannadiparamba Kannadiparamba Census Town Munderi Munderi Census Town Kanhirode KanhirodeCensus Town Valiyannur Varam Census Town Puzhathi Puzhathi Census Town Pallikkunnu Pallikkunnu Census Town

147 List of villages Name of Town /Out-growths 1 2 Elayavoor Elayavoor Census Town Chelora CheloraCensus Town Ancharakandy Ancharakandy Census Town Iriveri IriveriCensus Town Chembilode ChalaCensus Town Edakkad ThottadaCensus Town Kadambur KadachiraCensus Town Mavilayi MavilayiCensus Town Makreri PeralasseryCensus Town Muzhappilangad Muzhappilangad Census Town Kolari Mattannur Municipality Pazhassi do Koothuparamba Koothuparamba Municipality Thalassery Thalassery Municipality Thiruvangad do Kodiyeri (Part) do Koodali Koodali Census Town Keezhallur Keezhallur Census Town Paduvilayi Paduvilayi Census Town Pathiriyad Pathiriyad Census Town Mangattidam MangattidamCensus Town Kandamkunnu KandamkunnuCensus Town Manantheri Manantheri Census Town Kottayam Kottayam- Malabar Census Town Eruvatti Eruvatti Census Town Pinarayi Pinarayi Census Town Dharmadom Dharmadom Census Town Eranholi Eranholi Census Town Kadirur Kadirur Census Town Pattiom Pattiom Census Town Mokeri Mokeri Census Town Kolavelloor Kolavelloor Census Town Panoor Panoor Census Town Panniyannur Panniyannur Census Town Kodiyeri(Part) New Mahe Census Town Chockli Chockli Census Town Peringathur Peringathur Census Town

148 149 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF VILLAGES ALONG WITH LOCATION CODE 2001 AND 2011

2011 Census 2001 Census Sl. No. Name of village MDDS Code PLCN 1 2 3 4 Taluk: Taliparamba 1 Alakode 627190 12700 2 627180 11700 3 627207 14700 4 627197 13600 5 627181 11800 6 Eruvassy 627199 13800 7 627204 14300 8 627179 11600 9 627208 14800 10 Kooveri 627193 13000 11 627195 13200 12 Kuttoor 627183 12000 13 627206 14600 14 627198 13700 15 New Naduvil 627192 12900 16 627201 14000 17 627203 14200 18 627194 13100 19 Pattuvam 627196 13400 20 Payyavoor 627200 13900 21 Peralam 627178 11500 22 Peringome 627185 12200 23 627182 11900 24 627188 12500 25 Ramanthali 627177 11300 26 627205 14500 27 627186 12300 28 627189 12600 29 627187 12400 30 627202 14100 31 627191 12800 32 627184 12100

150 151 Census of India 2011- Village Directory Amenities and Land use ( As in 2009 ) Name of District:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-589 Name of Taluk:-Taliparamba Location CodeNo:-05632 Number of educational amenities available. (If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Location code no. Total area of the village ( in hectares rounded up to one decimal place) Total population ( 2011 census ) Number of households (2011 census) Pre-Primary school (PP) Primary school (P) Middle school (M) Secondary School (S) Senior Secondary school (SS) Degree college of arts science & commerce (ASC) Engineering college(EC) Medical college (MC) Management institute (MI) Polytechnic (Pt) Vocational training school /ITI Non-formal training centre (NFTC) Special school for disabled (SSD) Others (specify) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 1 Ramanthali 627177 2991 25711 5082 1 8 8 4 b c c c c c b b b c 2 Peralam 627178 1092 7607 1947 1 4 1 b b b b c c b c b 1 b 3 Kankole 627179 1677 10665 2576 2 5 1 a b b 2 c c c c b b c 4 Alapadamba 627180 2525 8660 2233 1 3 2 1 1 1 b c c b c b b b 5 Eramam 627181 2165 9448 2425 3 6 2 3 1 1 b c c b 1 b b 2 6 Perinthatta 627182 1873 5416 1427 1 2 1 b b c c c c c c b c a 7 Kuttoor 627183 2258 8143 2022 1 3 2 a a a c c c c c c c b 8 Vellora 627184 3082 10239 2564 2 4 3 1 1 c c c c c c c c b 9 Peringome 627185 4181 16721 3755 5 5 1 1 1 c c c c c c c c c 10 Thimiri 627186 4730 18044 4497 1 6 6 b b 1 c c c c c c b c 11 Vayakkara 627187 3970 18687 4493 4 6 4 3 3 1 c c c c a c 1 c 12 Pulingome 627188 2880 10672 2631 2 7 3 2 2 b c c c c c c b c 13 Thirumeni 627189 2358 8611 2077 2 3 2 2 1 b c c c c c c b c 14 Alakode 627190 7268 33173 8007 4 11 8 3 2 1 c c c c c c b c 15 Vellad 627191 8094 25875 6229 2 11 9 4 3 2 c c c c c c 1 c 16 New Naduvil 627192 4931 20369 4926 5 4 2 2 a c c c c c 1 c c c 17 Kooveri 627193 3832 19033 4201 1 6 2 1 c 1 c c c c c c c c

152 Census of India 2011- Village Directory Amenities and Land use ( As in 2009 ) Name of District:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-589 Name of Taluk:-Taliparamba Location CodeNo:-05632 Number of Medical Amenities Number of Non- Availability of drinking water - available. (If not available within the Government Medical Yes / No village , the distance range code viz; a Amenities available. for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Name village Sr.No. Community health centre (CHC) Primary health centre (PHC) Primary health sub centre (PHS) Maternity and child welfare centre (MCW) T.B. clinic (TBC) Hospital-allopathic (HA) Hospital-alternative medicine (HO) Dispensary (D) Veterinary hospital (VH) Mobile health clinic (MHC) Family welfare centre (FWC) Charitable non Govt. hospital/Nursing Medical practitioner with MBBS Degree Medical practitioner with other degree Medical practitioner with no degree Traditional practitioner and faith healer . Medicine Shop Others Tap water (Treated/Untreated) Well water (Covered / Uncovered well) Hand Pump Tube wells / Bore well Spring River / Canal Tank / Pond Lake Others 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 1 2 c 2 c 2 c c c 2 1 c 2 0 3 1 1 0 2 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Ramanthali 1 b c 2 1 b c c 1 2 b c 0 5 4 4 1 4 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No Peralam 2 b 1 1 1 b c c 1 1 b 1 1 3 0 0 0 3 0 Yes Yes No Yes No No No No Kankole 3 c 1 1 1 c c c 2 1 c 1 0 3 0 0 3 1 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Alapadamba 4 c a 1 1 b c c 2 b b a 1 3 0 1 1 4 3 Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Eramam 5 b b 2 c c c c b b c b 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 Yes Yes No Yes No No No No Perinthatta 6 c 1 1 1 c c c b 1 c 1 0 3 1 0 2 1 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Kuttoor 7 b b 3 c c c c 2 b c b 2 3 1 1 1 1 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Vellora 8 1 b 3 1 1 c c 1 a c b 0 3 0 0 0 1 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No No Peringome 9 c 1 1 1 c c c 2 1 b 1 2 3 0 0 0 2 2 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Thimiri 10 c b 2 c c c c 2 2 c b 1 4 6 0 0 6 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Vayakkara 11 c 1 c 1 c c c 2 2 c 1 0 2 2 0 0 2 4 Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Pulingome 12 c c 3 c c c c 2 b c c 0 6 0 0 0 2 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Thirumeni 13 c 1 1 1 c c c 1 2 c 1 2 8 4 4 2 7 10 Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Alakode 14 b 1 a 1 c c c 1 a c 1 1 5 0 0 0 4 0 Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes No No Vellad 15 b 1 1 1 c c c 3 1 c 1 1 1 2 0 3 1 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No New Naduvil 16 c 2 2 2 c c c c c c 2 0 3 0 0 1 2 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No No Kooveri 17

153 Census of India 2011- Village Directory Amenities and Land use ( As in 2009 ) Name of District:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-589 Name of Taluk:-Taliparamba Location CodeNo:-05632 Availability of toilet Communication and transport facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is & others Yes / No given except for Village Pin Code ,If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Community toilet including bath. Community toilet excluding bath. Rural sanitary mart or hardware outlet available near the village. Community bio- gas or recycle of waste for productive use. Post office(PO) Sub post office (SPO) Post & Telegraph office (P&TO) Village Pin Code Telephones (Land lines) Public call office (PCO) Mobile phone coverage Internet cafes/ Common service centre (CSC) Private courier facility Bus service (Public & Private) Railway stations Auto/Modified Autos Taxis and Vans Tractors Cycle-pulled rickshaws (Manual & Machine driven) Carts driven by animals Sea /River ferry service 1 2 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 1 Ramanthali No No No No b Yes Yes 670308 Yes Yes Yes b b Yes b Yes Yes Yes 2 Peralam No No Yes No Yes b b 670521 Yes Yes Yes a b Yes b Yes Yes c 3 Kankole No No No No Yes b b 670307 Yes Yes Yes Yes b Yes c Yes Yes c 4 Alapadamba No Yes No No Yes b b 670307 Yes Yes Yes Yes b Yes c Yes Yes c 5 Eramam No No No No Yes Yes Yes 670307 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes c 6 Perinthatta No No No No Yes c c 670306 Yes Yes Yes b c Yes c Yes Yes c 7 Kuttoor No No No No Yes Yes c 670306 Yes Yes Yes Yes a Yes c Yes Yes c 8 Vellora No No No No Yes Yes c 670306 Yes Yes Yes c c Yes c Yes Yes c 9 Peringome Yes Yes No No Yes Yes b 670307 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes c 10 Thimiri No No No No Yes Yes c 670581 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes c 11 Vayakkara No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes 670631 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes c 12 Pulingome No No No No Yes Yes b 670511 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes c 13 Thirumeni No No Yes No Yes Yes b 670511 Yes Yes Yes b b Yes c Yes Yes c 14 Alakode No No Yes No Yes Yes Yes 670571 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes c 15 Vellad No No No No Yes Yes Yes 670571 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes c 16 New Naduvil No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 670571 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes c 17 Kooveri No No No No Yes Yes Yes 670581 Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes c Yes Yes c

154 Census of India 2011- Village Directory Amenities and Land use ( As in 2009 ) Name of District:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-589 Name of Taluk:-Taliparamba Location CodeNo:-05632 Village connected to highways,village roads, banks Availability of miscellaneous facilities (If & credit societies (If amenities available code -Yes amenities available code -Yes is given, If not is given, If not available within the village , the available within the village , the distance range distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is facility is available is given). available is given). Name village Sr.No. Connected to national highway(NH) Connected to state highway(SH) Connected to major district road (MDR) Connected to others district road Pucca roads Kutchcha roads Water bounded macadam(WBM) roads Navigable waterway (river/canal)(NW) Footpaths (FP) Commercial & Co-operative Banks ATM Agricultural Credit Societies Self-Help Group (SHG) Public distribution system (PDS) shop Mandis / Regular market Weekly Haat Agricultural marketing society Integrated Child Development Scheme (Nutritional Centres) Anganwadi Centre (Nutritional Centres) Others (Nutritional Centres) ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 2 1 b c Yes Yes Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Ramanthali 1 b c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes b b Yes Yes Yes b b Yes Yes c Yes Peralam 2 a c Yes Yes Yes Yes b b Yes Yes b c Yes Yes Yes b b Yes Yes c Yes Kankole 3 c c Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes b c Yes Yes Yes b b Yes Yes c Yes Alapadamba 4 b c Yes Yes Yes Yes b c Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Eramam 5 c c Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes c b Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes c Yes Perinthatta 6 c c Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes b c Yes Yes c Yes Kuttoor 7 c c b Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes b c Yes Yes c Yes Vellora 8 c c Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes c b Yes Yes c Yes Peringome 9 c c b Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes c b Yes Yes Yes c Yes b Yes c Yes Thimiri 10 c c Yes Yes Yes Yes b c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes c Yes c Yes Vayakkara 11 c c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes c Yes Pulingome 12 c c Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes b b Yes Yes Yes c b Yes Yes c Yes Thirumeni 13 c c Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes c Yes c Yes Alakode 14 c c Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes a Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes c Yes Vellad 15 c c Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes b Yes New Naduvil 16 c c Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes c Yes Kooveri 17

155 Census of India 2011- Village Directory Amenities and Land use ( As in 2009 ) Name of District:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-589 Name of Taluk:-Taliparamba Location CodeNo:-05632 Availability of miscellaneous Availability of Land Use facilities (If amenities available electricity Nearest Town Area under different types of code -Yes is given, If not available (Yes/No) land use ( in hectares rounded within the village , the distance up to one decimal place) range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Community centre with/without TV Sports Field, Sports Club / Recreation Centre Cinema / Video Hall Public Library Public Reading Room Newspaper Supply Assembly Polling station Birth & Death Registration Office Power Supply for Domestic Use (ED) Power Supply for Agricultural Use (EAG) Power Supply for Commercial Use (EC) Power Supply for All Uses (EA) Name Distance range code i.e. a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c 10+ kms . Forests Area under Non-agricultural Uses Barren and Un-cultivable land Permanent Pastures and Other Grazing Lands Land Under Miscellaneous Tree Crops etc. 1 2 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 1 Ramanthali Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Payyannur b 0 493 190 0 65 2 Peralam b Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes Payyannur b 0 46.7 0 0 0 3 Kankole Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Payyannur b 0 491.1 0 0 0 4 Alapadamba b Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes a Yes Yes Yes Yes Payyannur c 0 1337 0 0 0 5 Eramam b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Payyannur c 0 252.1 167.2 0 0 6 Perinthatta Yes Yes Yes c b b Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes Payyannur c 0 11.5 0 0 0 7 Kuttoor Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes a Yes Yes Yes Yes Payyannur c 0 150 100 0 0 8 Vellora b b Yes c b b Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes Payyannur c 0 201.2 90.2 0 0 9 Peringome Yes a Yes b b Yes Yes Yes a Yes Yes Yes Yes Payyannur c 0 1156 0 0 0 10 Thimiri a Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes Payyannur c 0 971 0 0 0 11 Vayakkara Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Payyannur c 0 642.3 0 0 0 12 Pulingome Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes a Yes Yes Yes Yes Payyannur c 115.5 1765 0 0 0 13 Thirumeni Yes b Yes b b b Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes Payyannur c 124.3 820 10.4 0 0 14 Alakode c c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Taliparamba c 4 201 22 0 0 15 Vellad b b a Yes b b Yes Yes a Yes Yes Yes Yes Taliparamba c 387 704 0 0 0 16 New Naduvil Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Kannur c 130 39 52 0 0 17 Kooveri c Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Taliparamba c 0 296.8 0 0 0

156 Census of India 2011- Village Directory Amenities and Land use ( As in 2009 ) Name of District:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-589 Name of Taluk:-Taliparamba Location CodeNo:-05632 Land Use Name of three most important Area under different types of land Area irrigated by source (in commodities manufactured use ( in hectares rounded up to hectare). one decimal place) Name of Village Serial Number Culturable Waste Land Fallow lands other than current fallows Current Fallows Net Area Sown Total Irrigated Land Area Total Un-irrigated Land Area Canals ( C ) Wells/Tube-wells(W/TW) Tanks/Lakes(T/L) Water Falls(WF) Others(O) First Second Third 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 2 1 51.8 12 0 2179 46.5 2210 0 0.4 3.2 0 42.9 Ramanthali 1 10.3 0 0 1035 534 500.5 0 0 0 0 534 Peralam 2 41.2 0 0 1145 569 576.2 0 0 568.5 0 0 Kankole 3 0 27 0 1162 718 470.5 0 0 0 0 718 Alapadamba 4 0 0 0 1746 896 850.2 45.6 607 81 0 162 Eramam 5 381 248 0 1232 489 991.6 72.9 384.2 31.8 0 0 Perinthatta 6 75 0 0 1933 169 1764 0 40 19 0 110 Kuttoor 7 0 0 0 2791 239 2552 0 120 30 0 89 Vellora 8 85 0 0 2940 2673 267 0 40.5 0 0 2633 Peringome 9 0 0 0 3759 255 3504 44.5 101 89 20 0 Thimiri 10 0 0 0 3328 153 3175 0 153 0 0 0 Curry Powder Vayakkara 11 0 0 0 1000 898 102 60 60 60 0 718 Pulingome 12 0 0 0 1403 205 1198 0 125 0 0 80 Thirumeni 13 0 0 0 7041 595 6446 0 345 125 0 125 Alakode 14 79 0 0 6924 526 6398 0 0 405 0 121 Vellad 15 0 0 0 4710 3640 1070 250 1750 1640 0 0 New Naduvil 16 0 0 0 3535 400 3135 0 0 0 0 400 Kooveri 17

157 Census of India 2011- Village Directory Amenities and Land use ( As in 2009 ) Name of District:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-589 Name of Taluk:-Taliparamba Location CodeNo:-05632 Number of educational amenities available. (If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Location code no. Total area of the village ( in hectares rounded up to one decimal place) Total population ( 2011 census ) Number of households (2011 census) Pre-Primary school (PP) Primary school (P) Middle school (M) Secondary School (S) Senior Secondary school (SS) Degree college of arts science & commerce (ASC) Engineering college(EC) Medical college (MC) Management institute (MI) Polytechnic (Pt) Vocational training school /ITI Non-formal training centre (NFTC) Special school for disabled (SSD) Others (specify) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 18 Panniyoor 627194 2454 12382 2673 1 6 2 b b b c c c c b c c c 19 Kuttiyeri 627195 2204 12473 2861 1 10 2 a a 1 c c c c b c c c 20 Pattuvam 627196 1681 15659 3300 1 7 4 1 2 b c c c c c c c c 21 Chuzhali 627197 4619 14759 3449 2 5 2 1 1 c c c c c b c c c 22 Nediyanga 627198 3522 15859 3838 3 6 3 1 b b b c c c c b c c 23 Eruvassy 627199 4908 19216 4694 5 7 7 3 2 b 1 c 1 c c c c c 24 Payyavoor 627200 6779 22998 5698 4 10 6 3 3 1 b c b c 1 c c b 25 Nuchiyad 627201 3003 12686 2997 2 4 3 1 b b b c b c c c c 3 26 Vayathur 627202 4340 22743 5395 5 11 7 1 1 b b c c c c b b a 27 Padiyoor 627203 2544 12114 2758 1 4 1 1 b c b c b c c c c b 28 Kalliad 627204 3002 9410 2163 b 3 b b b 1 c c c c c c c a 29 Sreekandapuram 627205 3378 17630 4122 1 8 5 3 2 3 c c c c 1 2 c 1 30 Malapattam 627206 1934 9628 2250 b 4 1 1 1 c c c c c c c c a 31 Chengalai 627207 2118 15800 3270 1 11 3 1 1 b c c c c c c c b 32 Kayaralam 627208 2033 17159 3800 1 10 3 a a a c c c c 1 c c b Taluk Total : 108426 487590 114360 66 200 106 44 28 14 3 0 1 0 5 2 3 6

158 Census of India 2011- Village Directory Amenities and Land use ( As in 2009 ) Name of District:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-589 Name of Taluk:-Taliparamba Location CodeNo:-05632 Number of Medical Amenities Number of Non- Availability of drinking water - available. (If not available within the Government Medical Yes / No village , the distance range code viz; a Amenities available. for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Name village Sr.No. Community health centre (CHC) Primary health centre (PHC) Primary health sub centre (PHS) Maternity and child welfare centre (MCW) T.B. clinic (TBC) Hospital-allopathic (HA) Hospital-alternative medicine (HO) Dispensary (D) Veterinary hospital (VH) Mobile health clinic (MHC) Family welfare centre (FWC) Charitable non Govt. hospital/Nursing Medical practitioner with MBBS Degree Medical practitioner with other degree Medical practitioner with no degree Traditional practitioner and faith healer . Medicine Shop Others Tap water (Treated/Untreated) Well water (Covered / Uncovered well) Hand Pump Tube wells / Bore well Spring River / Canal Tank / Pond Lake Others 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 1 2 b 1 b 1 b c c b b c 1 0 2 0 0 1 2 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Panniyoor 18 b 1 b 1 c b b b 1 c 1 0 3 2 0 0 8 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Kuttiyeri 19 b 1 b 1 c b b 1 1 c 1 0 4 0 0 0 4 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Pattuvam 20 b b 2 c c c c b b b b 0 2 2 0 2 1 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Chuzhali 21 c 1 1 1 c c c b 2 c 1 0 3 2 0 3 2 0 Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes No No Nediyanga 22 c 2 b 2 c c c 3 1 c 2 1 5 0 0 3 3 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Eruvassy 23 c 1 b 1 c c c b 1 c 1 2 10 2 0 2 5 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No No Payyavoor 24 c b 1 c c c c b b a b 0 3 0 0 0 3 0 Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Nuchiyad 25 b 1 2 1 c c c 1 1 b 1 0 3 7 0 2 2 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Vayathur 26 b c 1 b b c c 1 1 c c 0 5 0 0 0 2 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Padiyoor 27 c 1 c 1 c c c c 1 c 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Kalliad 28 b 1 2 1 c c c 2 1 b 1 0 5 1 0 3 5 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Sreekandapuram 29 b b b b c c c 1 1 c b 0 2 0 0 0 2 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Malapattam 30 c 1 2 1 c c c 1 1 c 1 0 3 0 0 1 3 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Chengalai 31 c c 1 c c c c 1 1 c c 0 5 0 0 0 3 0 Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Kayaralam 32 1 23 36 26 1 0 0 35 27 0 23 15 118 39 13 33 90 19 32 32 26 32 15 28 25 3 Taluk Total

159 Census of India 2011- Village Directory Amenities and Land use ( As in 2009 ) Name of District:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-589 Name of Taluk:- Taliparamba Location CodeNo:-05632 Availability of toilet Communication and transport facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is & others Yes / No given except for Village Pin Code ,If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Community toilet including bath. Community toilet excluding bath. Rural sanitary mart or hardware outlet available near the village. Community bio- gas or recycle of waste for productive use. Post office(PO) Sub post office (SPO) Post & Telegraph office (P&TO) Village Pin Code Telephones (Land lines) Public call office (PCO) Mobile phone coverage Internet cafes/ Common service centre (CSC) Private courier facility Bus service (Public & Private) Railway stations Auto/Modified Autos Taxis and Vans Tractors Cycle-pulled rickshaws (Manual & Machine driven) Carts driven by animals Sea /River ferry service 1 2 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 18 Panniyoor No No Yes No Yes Yes b 670142 Yes Yes Yes Yes b Yes c Yes Yes c 19 Kuttiyeri No No No No Yes b b 670141 Yes Yes Yes b b Yes c Yes b c 20 Pattuvam No No No No Yes Yes Yes 670143 Yes Yes Yes b b Yes b Yes Yes b 21 Chuzhali No No Yes No Yes b b 670142 Yes Yes Yes Yes b Yes c Yes Yes c 22 Nediyanga No No No No Yes a a 670631 Yes Yes Yes a a Yes c Yes Yes c 23 Eruvassy Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes 670632 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes c 24 Payyavoor No Yes No No Yes Yes c 670633 Yes Yes Yes Yes b Yes c Yes Yes c 25 Nuchiyad No No No No Yes Yes b 670705 Yes Yes Yes b b Yes c Yes Yes c 26 Vayathur Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Yes 670705 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes c 27 Padiyoor No No No No Yes Yes b 670703 Yes Yes Yes b b Yes c Yes Yes c 28 Kalliad No No Yes Yes Yes Yes b 670593 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes c 29 Sreekandapuram Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes 670631 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes c 30 Malapattam No No Yes Yes Yes b b 670631 Yes Yes Yes Yes b Yes c Yes Yes c 31 Chengalai No No No No Yes a a 670631 Yes Yes Yes a a Yes c Yes Yes c 32 Kayaralam No No Yes No Yes Yes Yes 670602 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Taluk Total : 7 12 3 31 23 12 32 32 32 32 21 13 32 0 32 31 0 0 0 1

160 Census of India 2011- Village Directory Amenities and Land use ( As in 2009 ) Name of District:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-589 Name of Taluk:- Taliparamba Location CodeNo:-05632 Village connected to highways,village roads, banks Availability of miscellaneous facilities (If & credit societies (If amenities available code -Yes amenities available code -Yes is given, If not is given, If not available within the village , the available within the village , the distance range distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is facility is available is given). available is given). Name village Sr.No. Connected to national highway(NH) Connected to state highway(SH) Connected to major district road (MDR) Connected to others district road Pucca roads Kutchcha roads Water bounded macadam(WBM) roads Navigable waterway (river/canal)(NW) Footpaths (FP) Commercial & Co-operative Banks ATM Agricultural Credit Societies Self-Help Group (SHG) Public distribution system (PDS) shop Mandis / Regular market Weekly Haat Agricultural marketing society Integrated Child Development Scheme (Nutritional Centres) Anganwadi Centre (Nutritional Centres) Others (Nutritional Centres) ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 2 1 b b Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes b c Yes Yes Yes b b Yes Yes c Yes Panniyoor 18 b b Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes b b Yes Yes Yes b b Yes Yes b Yes Kuttiyeri 19 b b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes b b Yes Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes c Yes Pattuvam 20 c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes c b Yes Yes Yes Yes Chuzhali 21 c a Yes Yes Yes Yes a c Yes Yes a b Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes b Yes Nediyanga 22 c b Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes c Yes b Yes b Yes Eruvassy 23 c b Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes c b Yes Yes c Yes Payyavoor 24 c b Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes b b Yes Yes Yes c b Yes Yes c Yes Nuchiyad 25 c b Yes Yes Yes Yes b c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes c Yes Vayathur 26 c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes b Yes Yes c Yes Padiyoor 27 c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes b c Yes Yes c b Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes c Yes Kalliad 28 c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes b Yes Sreekandapuram 29 c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes b c Yes Yes b b Yes Yes Yes c b Yes Yes Yes Yes Malapattam 30 c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes c b Yes Yes b Yes Chengalai 31 c c Yes Yes Yes Yes b c Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes b Yes Kayaralam 32 0 6 30 32 32 32 5 1 32 32 6 18 32 32 32 3 10 28 32 3 32 Taluk Total

161 Census of India 2011- Village Directory Amenities and Land use ( As in 2009 ) Name of District:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-589 Name of Taluk:-Taliparamba Location CodeNo:-05632 Availability of miscellaneous Availability of Land Use facilities (If amenities available electricity Nearest Town Area under different types of code -Yes is given, If not available (Yes/No) land use ( in hectares within the village , the distance rounded up to one decimal range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b place) for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Community centre with/without TV Sports Field, Sports Club / Recreation Centre Cinema / Video Hall Public Library Public Reading Room Newspaper Supply Assembly Polling station Birth & Death Registration Office Power Supply for Domestic Use (ED) Power Supply for Agricultural Use (EAG) Power Supply for Commercial Use (EC) Power Supply for All Uses (EA) Name Distance range code i.e. a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c 10+ kms . Forests Area under Non-agricultural Uses Barren and Un-cultivable land Permanent Pastures and Other Grazing Lands Land Under Miscellaneous Tree Crops etc. 1 2 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 18 Panniyoor b Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes Taliparamba b 0 1980 0 0 0 19 Kuttiyeri b Yes Yes b b b Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes Taliparamba b 0 734.1 0 0 0 20 Pattuvam Yes b Yes a Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Taliparamba b 0 410.5 60 0 0 21 Chuzhali Yes b Yes b b Yes Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes Taliparamba c 0 263.4 10 0 0 22 Nediyanga Yes b Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes a Yes Yes Yes Yes Taliparamba c 0 218.6 5.3 0 0 23 Eruvassy c c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Taliparamba c 19.6 134.7 0 0 0 24 Payyavoor Yes c Yes b b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Taliparamba c 733 80.9 0 0 0 25 Nuchiyad Yes b Yes b b Yes Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes Taliparamba c 209 404 0 0 0 26 Vayathur Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Taliparamba c 0 650 0 0 0 27 Padiyoor Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes a Yes Yes Yes Yes Taliparamba c 0 252 0 0 0 28 Kalliad b Yes Yes c Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Mattannur c 0 2442 0 0 0 29 Sreekandapuram Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Taliparamba c 0 218 0 0 0 30 Malapattam Yes Yes Yes b b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Taliparamba c 0 214 1 0 0 31 Chengalai Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Taliparamba c 0 4 26.3 0 0 32 Kayaralam Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Kannur c 0 801 0 0 0 Taluk Total : 20 19 31 14 22 26 32 32 16 32 32 32 32 0 0 1722 18384 734.4 0 65

162 Census of India 2011- Village Directory Amenities and Land use ( As in 2009 ) Name of District:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-589 Name of Taluk:-Taliparamba Location CodeNo:-05632 Land Use Name of three most important Area under different types of land Area irrigated by source (in commodities manufactured use ( in hectares rounded up to one hectare). decimal place) Name of Village Serial Number Culturable Waste Land Fallow lands other than current fallows Current Fallows Net Area Sown Total Irrigated Land Area Total Un-irrigated Land Area Canals ( C ) Wells/Tube-wells(W/TW) Tanks/Lakes(T/L) Water Falls(WF) Others(O) First Second Third 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 2 1 409 0 0 65.3 41.1 24.2 29 10.2 2 0 0 Panniyoor 18 50 44.4 0 1375.5 655.9 764 0 0 0 0 656 Plywood Kuttiyeri 19 70.5 0 0 1140 168.9 971.1 128 0 0 0 40.5 Coconut Oil Pattuvam 20 0 0 0 4345.6 80 4266 0 0 0 0 80 Chuzhali 21 2.8 15.9 0 3279.4 80.9 3214 20.2 0 0 0 60.7 Nediyanga 22 161 0 0 4592.5 737.1 3855 0 167.1 80 0 490 Eruvassy 23 0 2.4 0 5963.1 429 5537 0 0 0 0 429 Payyavoor 24 72 0 0 2318.2 140.5 2178 0 0 100 0 40.5 Nuchiyad 25 50 60 0 3580 0 3640 0 0 0 0 0 Vayathur 26 0 353 0 1938.6 92 2200 35 10 12 0 35 Padiyoor 27 84.6 0 0 475.3 348.6 126.7 0 287.3 0 0 61.3 Kalliad 28 0 239 0 2920.8 260 2900 0 0 0 0 260 Sreekandapuram 29 0 0 0 1719 191 1528 31 120 0 0 40 Khadi Nirman Malapattam 30 0 21 0 2066.6 127.6 1960 0 0 7 0 121 Chengalai 31 0 22 0 1210 471.5 760.5 219 121.4 30.4 0 101 Steel Wood Products Kayaralam 32 1623 1045 0 84852 16829 69134 935 4442 3284 20 Taluk Total

163 164 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF VILLAGES ALONG WITH LOCATION CODE 2001 AND 2011

2011 Census 2001 Census Sl. No. Name of village MDDS Code PLCN 1 2 3 4 Taluk: Kannur 1 Mattool 627219 16000 2 Panapuzha 627218 15400

165 Census of India 2011- Village Directory Amenities and Land use ( As in 2009 ) Name of District:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-589 Name of Taluk:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-05633 Number of educational amenities available. (If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Location code no. Total area of the village ( in hectares rounded up to one decimal place) Total population ( 2011 census ) Number of households (2011 census) Pre-Primary school (PP) Primary school (P) Middle school (M) Secondary School (S) Senior Secondary school (SS) Degree college of arts science & commerce (ASC) Engineering college(EC) Medical college (MC) Management institute (MI) Polytechnic (Pt) Vocational training school /ITI Non-formal training centre (NFTC) Special school for disabled (SSD) Others (specify) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 1 Panapuzha 627218 3557 11355 2701 1 4 2 b b c c c c c b c c c 2 Mattool 627219 1284 27806 4564 5 9 5 3 1 c c c c c 1 c 1 c Taluk Total : 4841 39161 7265 6 13 7 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0

166 Census of India 2011- Village Directory Amenities and Land use ( As in 2009 ) Name of District:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-589 Name of Taluk:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-05633 Number of Medical Amenities Number of Non- Availability of drinking water - available. (If not available within the Government Medical Yes / No village , the distance range code viz; a Amenities available. for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Name village Sr.No. Community health centre (CHC) Primary health centre (PHC) Primary health sub centre (PHS) Maternity and child welfare centre (MCW) T.B. clinic (TBC) Hospital-allopathic (HA) Hospital-alternative medicine (HO) Dispensary (D) Veterinary hospital (VH) Mobile health clinic (MHC) Family welfare centre (FWC) Charitable non Govt. hospital/Nursing Medical practitioner with MBBS Degree Medical practitioner with other degree Medical practitioner with no degree Traditional practitioner and faith healer . Medicine Shop Others Tap water (Treated/Untreated) Well water (Covered / Uncovered well) Hand Pump Tube wells / Bore well Spring River / Canal Tank / Pond Lake Others 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 1 2 b 1 1 1 c c c a c c 1 0 3 0 0 0 4 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Panapuzha 1 c 1 c 1 c 1 1 1 1 c 1 0 3 1 3 1 2 0 Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No No Mattool 2 0 2 1 2 0 1 1 1 1 0 2 0 6 1 3 1 6 0 2 2 1 2 0 2 1 0 Taluk Total

167 Census of India 2011- Village Directory Amenities and Land use ( As in 2009 ) Name of District:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-589 Name of Taluk:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-05633 Availability of toilet Communication and transport facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is & others Yes / No given except for Village Pin Code ,If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Community toilet including bath. Community toilet excluding bath. Rural sanitary mart or hardware outlet available near the village. Community bio- gas or recycle of waste for productive use. Post office(PO) Sub post office (SPO) Post & Telegraph office (P&TO) Village Pin Code Telephones (Land lines) Public call office (PCO) Mobile phone coverage Internet cafes/ Common service centre (CSC) Private courier facility Bus service (Public & Private) Railway stations Auto/Modified Autos Taxis and Vans Tractors Cycle-pulled rickshaws (Manual & Machine driven) Carts driven by animals Sea /River ferry service 1 2 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 1 Panapuzha No No Yes No Yes Yes b 670306 Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes c Yes Yes c 2 Mattool No No No No Yes Yes Yes 670302 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes Taluk T otal: 0 0 1 0 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 0 2 2 0 0 0 1

168 Census of India 2011- Village Directory Amenities and Land use ( As in 2009 ) Name of District:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-589 Name of Taluk:- Kannur Location CodeNo:-05633 Village connected to highways,village roads, banks Availability of miscellaneous facilities (If & credit societies (If amenities available code -Yes amenities available code -Yes is given, If not is given, If not available within the village , the available within the village , the distance range distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is facility is available is given). available is given). Name village Sr.No. Connected to national highway(NH) Connected to state highway(SH) Connected to major district road (MDR) Connected to others district road Pucca roads Kutchcha roads Water bounded macadam(WBM) roads Navigable waterway (river/canal)(NW) Footpaths (FP) Commercial & Co-operative Banks ATM Agricultural Credit Societies Self-Help Group (SHG) Public distribution system (PDS) shop Mandis / Regular market Weekly Haat Agricultural marketing society Integrated Child Development Scheme (Nutritional Centres) Anganwadi Centre (Nutritional Centres) Others (Nutritional Centres) ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 2 1 c c Yes Yes Yes Yes b c Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Panapuzha 1 c c Yes Yes Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Mattool 2 0 0 2 2 2 2 0 1 2 2 0 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Taluk T otal

169 Census of India 2011- Village Directory Amenities and Land use ( As in 2009 ) Name of District:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-589 Name of Taluk:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-05633 Availability of miscellaneous Availability of Land Use facilities (If amenities available electricity Nearest Town Area under different types of code -Yes is given, If not available (Yes/No) land use ( in hectares within the village , the distance rounded up to one decimal range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b place) for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Community centre with/without TV Sports Field, Sports Club / Recreation Centre Cinema / Video Hall Public Library Public Reading Room Newspaper Supply Assembly Polling station Birth & Death Registration Office Power Supply for Domestic Use (ED) Power Supply for Agricultural Use (EAG) Power Supply for Commercial Use (EC) Power Supply for All Uses (EA) Name Distance range code i.e. a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c 10+ kms . Forests Area under Non-agricultural Uses Barren and Un-cultivable land Permanent Pastures and Other Grazing Lands Land Under Miscellaneous Tree Crops etc. 1 2 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 1 Panapuzha Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Payyannur c 0 1300 0 0 0 2 Mattool Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Kannur c 0 400 0 0 0 Taluk T otal 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 1700 0 0 0

170 Census of India 2011- Village Directory Amenities and Land use ( As in 2009 ) Name of District:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-589 Name of Taluk:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-05633 Land Use Name of three most important Area under different types of land Area irrigated by source (in commodities manufactured use ( in hectares rounded up to one hectare). decimal place) Name of Village Serial Number Culturable Waste Land Fallow lands other than current fallows Current Fallows Net Area Sown Total Irrigated Land Area Total Un-irrigated Land Area Canals ( C ) Wells/Tube-wells(W/TW) Tanks/Lakes(T/L) Water Falls(WF) Others(O) First Second Third 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 2 1 117 30 0 2110 1377 763 0 415 0 0 962 Panapuzha 1 0 0 0 884 717 167 0 131 0 0 586 Mattool 2 117 30 0 2994 2094 930 0 546 0 0 Taluk T otal

171 172 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF VILLAGES ALONG WITH LOCATION CODE 2001 AND 2011

2011 Census 2001 Census Sl. No. Name of village MDDS Code PLCN 1 2 3 4 Taluk: Thalassery 1 Aralam 627256 16900 2 627255 16800 3 627251 16400 4 Cheruvanchery 627269 18700 5 627259 17200 6 Kannavam 627267 18000 7 627252 16500 8 Kelakam 627258 17100 9 627266 17900 10 Kottiyoor 627257 17000 11 627260 17300 12 627261 17400 13 Pattannur 627250 16100 14 Payam 627253 16600 15 Puthoor 627270 18800 16 Sivapuram 627268 18100 17 627262 17500 18 627263 17600 19 627271 19000 20 627265 17800 21 Vellarvelly 627264 17700 22 627254 16700

173 Census of India 2011- Village Directory Amenities and Land use ( As in 2009 ) Name of District:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-589 Name of Taluk:-Thalassery Location CodeNo:-05634 Number of educational amenities available. (If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Location code no. Total area of the village ( in hectares rounded up to one decimal place) Total population ( 2011 census ) Number of households (2011 census) Pre-Primary school (PP) Primary school (P) Middle school (M) Secondary School (S) Senior Secondary school (SS) Degree college of arts science & commerce (ASC) Engineering college(EC) Medical college (MC) Management institute (MI) Polytechnic (Pt) Vocational training school /ITI Non-formal training centre (NFTC) Special school for disabled (SSD) Others (specify) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 1 Pattannur 627250 2355 15003 3110 2 7 3 1 1 b c c c b c c b c 2 Chavassery 627251 2311 22480 4380 2 5 3 2 2 b c c c b 1 c 1 c 3 Keezhur 627252 1862 16597 3622 2 5 2 2 b 1 c c c c c c c c 4 Payam 627253 1902 15429 3667 2 4 3 1 c b c c c c c c 1 c 5 Vilamana 627254 1630 14059 3206 3 4 3 2 1 b c c c c c c b c 6 Ayyankunnu 627255 8828 22436 5387 1 7 3 2 1 1 c c c c c c c c 7 Aralam 627256 11245 29328 6904 2 10 4 3 3 b c c c c c c 1 c 8 Kottiyoor 627257 15501 16698 4156 2 6 4 1 1 c c c c c c c 2 c 9 Kelakam 627258 7793 16211 4026 3 6 4 2 b c c c c c 1 c 1 c 10 Kanichar 627259 5196 15789 3838 1 2 2 1 1 c c c c c c c b c 11 Manathana 627260 1802 15935 3777 1 6 4 1 1 c c c c c b c c c 12 Muzhakkunnu 627261 3103 21807 4881 6 6 6 2 2 1 c c c c 1 c c c 13 Thillenkeri 627262 2506 14583 3204 3 8 4 1 b c c c c c b c c c 14 Tholambra 627263 1610 6267 1422 2 3 2 1 1 c c c c c c b b b 15 Vellarvelly 627264 1608 7769 1851 2 3 2 1 a c c c c c c c c 1 16 Vekkalam 627265 1630 7174 1740 1 4 3 b b c c c c c c c c b 17 Koloyad 627266 1685 12616 2915 3 5 3 1 b c c c c c 1 c 1 b 18 Kannavam 627267 1674 9211 2084 1 6 1 a a c c c c c c c a c 19 Sivapuram 627268 2528 16047 3495 2 8 3 1 b b c c c b c 2 c c 20 Cheruvanchery 627269 1521 10341 2179 1 5 3 1 c 1 c c c c b b b c 21 Puthoor 627270 1566 19575 4224 3 17 6 1 a a c c c c c c c c 22 Thrippangottur 627271 3239 29911 6536 2 19 4 1 1 2 c c c c 1 c c c Taluk Total : 83095 355266 80604 47 146 72 28 15 6 0 0 0 0 5 2 7 1 District T otal : 196362 882017 202229 119 359 185 75 44 20 3 0 1 0 11 4 11 7

174 Census of India 2011- Village Directory Amenities and Land use ( As in 2009 ) Name of District:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-589 Name of Taluk:-Thalassery Location CodeNo:-05634 Number of Medical Amenities Number of Non- Availability of drinking water - available. (If not available within the Government Medical Yes / No village , the distance range code viz; a Amenities available. for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Name village Sr.No. Community health centre (CHC) Primary health centre (PHC) Primary health sub centre (PHS) Maternity and child welfare centre (MCW) T.B. clinic (TBC) Hospital-allopathic (HA) Hospital-alternative medicine (HO) Dispensary (D) Veterinary hospital (VH) Mobile health clinic (MHC) Family welfare centre (FWC) Charitable non Govt. hospital/Nursing Medical practitioner with MBBS Degree Medical practitioner with other degree Medical practitioner with no degree Traditional practitioner and faith healer . Medicine Shop Others Tap water (Treated/Untreated) Well water (Covered / Uncovered well) Hand Pump Tube wells / Bore well Spring River / Canal Tank / Pond Lake Others 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 1 2 c 2 b 2 c c c 2 1 c 2 0 4 0 0 0 3 0 Yes Yes No Yes No Yes Yes No Pattannur 1 c c 1 b b c c 1 b c c 0 3 2 0 1 1 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Chavassery 2 c b 2 c c c c 1 1 c b 1 6 3 0 2 11 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Keezhur 3 c b b c c c c a a a b 1 3 0 4 0 1 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Payam 4 b 1 b 1 b c c a b b 1 0 2 2 0 1 2 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Vilamana 5 c 2 c 2 c c c 1 1 a 2 0 5 0 0 1 2 0 Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes No No Ayyankunnu 6 b 1 b 1 c c c b 1 1 1 0 5 0 0 1 2 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Aralam 7 c 1 3 1 c c c 2 1 c 1 1 3 1 1 2 1 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Kottiyoor 8 c 1 3 1 b c c 3 2 c 1 0 3 0 0 2 4 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Kelakam 9 b 1 3 1 b c c b 1 b 1 0 6 0 0 0 1 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Kanichar 10 b 1 b 1 c c c 1 1 1 1 0 9 3 0 0 7 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Manathana 11 c 1 3 1 b c c 3 2 c 1 0 3 1 0 0 4 0 Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes No Muzhakkunnu 12 b 1 2 1 c c c 1 1 c 1 0 3 0 0 1 1 0 Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Thillenkeri 13 b 1 1 1 b c c 1 1 b 1 0 5 0 0 0 2 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Tholambra 14 c b b a c c c a a c b 0 4 0 0 0 1 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Vellarvelly 15 b b 1 b c c c b a c b 0 4 0 1 0 4 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Vekkalam 16 c 1 b 1 c c c c 1 c 1 0 2 1 0 2 2 0 Yes Yes Yes No No Yes Yes No Koloyad 17 b 1 1 1 c c c b a c 1 0 5 0 0 0 1 0 Yes Yes No Yes No Yes Yes No Kannavam 18 b 1 b 1 c c c 1 b c 1 0 5 0 0 0 2 0 Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Sivapuram 19 b 1 b 1 c c c 2 1 c 1 0 4 0 0 1 2 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Cheruvanchery 20 b 1 c 1 c c c 1 a a 1 1 3 0 1 0 1 0 Yes Yes No Yes No No No No Puthoor 21 b 1 2 1 2 c c 3 1 b 1 0 6 3 0 0 4 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Thrippangottur 22 0 19 22 19 2 0 0 23 16 2 19 4 93 16 7 14 59 0 22 22 16 20 14 21 18 0 Taluk Total 1 44 59 47 3 1 1 59 44 2 44 19 217 56 23 48 155 19 56 56 43 54 29 51 44 3 District T otal

175 Census of India 2011- Village Directory Amenities and Land use ( As in 2009 ) Name of District:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-589 Name of Taluk:-Thalassery Location CodeNo:-05634 Availability of toilet Communication and transport facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is & others Yes / No given except for Village Pin Code ,If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Community toilet including bath. Community toilet excluding bath. Rural sanitary mart or hardware outlet available near the village. Community bio- gas or recycle of waste for productive use. Post office(PO) Sub post office (SPO) Post & Telegraph office (P&TO) Village Pin Code Telephones (Land lines) Public call office (PCO) Mobile phone coverage Internet cafes/ Common service centre (CSC) Private courier facility Bus service (Public & Private) Railway stations Auto/Modified Autos Taxis and Vans Tractors Cycle-pulled rickshaws (Manual & Machine driven) Carts driven by animals Sea /River ferry service 1 2 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 1 Pattannur No No Yes No Yes Yes b 670595 Yes Yes Yes b b Yes c Yes Yes c 2 Chavassery No No Yes No Yes Yes b 670702 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes c 3 Keezhur Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Yes 670703 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes c 4 Payam No No No No Yes a Yes 670704 Yes Yes Yes a a Yes c Yes Yes c 5 Vilamana Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes 670704 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes c 6 Ayyankunnu No No Yes No Yes Yes Yes 670704 Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes c Yes Yes c 7 Aralam No No Yes No Yes Yes Yes 670704 Yes Yes Yes Yes b Yes c Yes Yes c 8 Kottiyoor No No No No Yes Yes Yes 670651 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes c 9 Kelakam No Yes No No Yes Yes Yes 670674 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes c 10 Kanichar No No Yes No Yes Yes b 670674 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes c 11 Manathana Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Yes 670674 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes c 12 Muzhakkunnu No Yes Yes No Yes Yes b 670673 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes c 13 Thillenkeri No No No No Yes c c 670702 Yes Yes Yes c c Yes c Yes Yes c 14 Tholambra No No No No Yes Yes b 670673 Yes Yes Yes b b Yes c Yes Yes c 15 Vellarvelly No No No No Yes Yes Yes 670673 Yes Yes Yes a a Yes c Yes Yes c 16 Vekkalam No Yes Yes No Yes Yes b 670650 Yes Yes Yes Yes b Yes c Yes Yes c 17 Koloyad No No No No Yes Yes Yes 670650 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes c 18 Kannavam No No No No Yes Yes Yes 670650 Yes Yes Yes a a Yes c Yes Yes c 19 Sivapuram No No No No Yes Yes b 670702 Yes Yes Yes Yes b Yes c Yes Yes c 20 Cheruvanchery No Yes No No Yes b Yes 670650 Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes c Yes Yes c 21 Puthoor No No No No Yes Yes a 670692 Yes Yes Yes a a Yes c Yes Yes c 22 Thrippangottur No No Yes No Yes Yes Yes 670693 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes c Taluk Total : 3 7 9 0 22 19 13 22 22 22 22 15 10 22 0 22 22 0 0 0 0 District T otal : 7 14 22 3 55 44 26 56 56 56 56 38 24 56 0 56 55 0 0 0 2

176 Census of India 2011- Village Directory Amenities and Land use ( As in 2009 ) Name of District:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-589 Name of Taluk:-Thalassery Location CodeNo:-05634 Village connected to highways,village roads, banks Availability of miscellaneous facilities (If & credit societies (If amenities available code -Yes amenities available code -Yes is given, If not is given, If not available within the village , the available within the village , the distance range distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is facility is available is given). available is given). Name village Sr.No. Connected to national highway(NH) Connected to state highway(SH) Connected to major district road (MDR) Connected to others district road Pucca roads Kutchcha roads Water bounded macadam(WBM) roads Navigable waterway (river/canal)(NW) Footpaths (FP) Commercial & Co-operative Banks ATM Agricultural Credit Societies Self-Help Group (SHG) Public distribution system (PDS) shop Mandis / Regular market Weekly Haat Agricultural marketing society Integrated Child Development Scheme (Nutritional Centres) Anganwadi Centre (Nutritional Centres) Others (Nutritional Centres) ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 2 1 c b Yes Yes Yes Yes b b Yes Yes b b Yes Yes Yes c b Yes Yes c Yes Pattannur 1 c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes b Yes Yes c Yes Chavassery 2 c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c b Yes Yes c Yes Keezhur 3 c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes a a Yes Yes Yes c Yes a Yes b Yes Payam 4 c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes b c Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes b Yes b Yes Vilamana 5 c b Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes c Yes Ayyankunnu 6 c b Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes b b Yes Yes Yes b b Yes Yes c Yes Aralam 7 c c Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes c b Yes Yes b Yes Kottiyoor 8 c c Yes Yes Yes Yes b c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c b Yes Yes Yes Yes Kelakam 9 c c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes b Yes Kanichar 10 c b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes c Yes Manathana 11 c b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes b Yes Yes b Yes Muzhakkunnu 12 c b Yes Yes Yes Yes a c Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes c Yes Thillenkeri 13 c c Yes Yes Yes Yes b c Yes Yes b b Yes Yes Yes c b Yes Yes c Yes Tholambra 14 c c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes a Yes Yes Yes Yes c b Yes Yes c Yes Vellarvelly 15 c c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes c b Yes Yes Yes c b Yes Yes c Yes Vekkalam 16 c c Yes Yes Yes Yes b c Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes c b Yes Yes Yes Yes Koloyad 17 c c Yes Yes Yes Yes b c Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes c a Yes Yes b Yes Kannavam 18 c c Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes c b Yes Yes c Yes Sivapuram 19 c c Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes b Yes Cheruvanchery 20 c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes a b Yes Yes Yes a Yes Yes Yes b Yes Puthoor 21 c b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes c Yes Thrippangottur 22 0 5 22 22 22 22 8 2 22 22 3 16 22 22 22 2 6 20 22 2 22 Taluk Total 0 11 54 56 56 56 13 4 56 56 9 35 56 56 56 7 18 50 56 7 56 District Total

177 Census of India 2011- Village Directory Amenities and Land use ( As in 2009 ) Name of District:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-589 Name of Taluk:-Thalassery Location CodeNo:-05634 Availability of miscellaneous Availability of Land Use facilities (If amenities available electricity Nearest Town Area under different types code -Yes is given, If not available (Yes/No) of land use ( in hectares within the village , the distance rounded up to one decimal range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b place) for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Community centre with/without TV Sports Field, Sports Club / Recreation Centre Cinema / Video Hall Public Library Public Reading Room Newspaper Supply Assembly Polling station Birth & Death Registration Office Power Supply for Domestic Use (ED) Power Supply for Agricultural Use (EAG) Power Supply for Commercial Use (EC) Power Supply for All Uses (EA) Name Distance range code i.e. a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c 10+ kms . Forests Area under Non-agricultural Uses Barren and Un-cultivable land Permanent Pastures and Other Grazing Lands Land Under Miscellaneous Tree Crops etc. 1 2 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 1 Pattannur Yes b Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes a Yes Yes Yes Yes Kannur c 0 708.3 0 0 0 2 Chavassery Yes Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes Mattannur b 0 204.5 0 0 0 3 Keezhur Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Mattannur b 0 6.1 0 0 0 4 Payam b Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Mattannur b 0 404.3 0 0 0 5 Vilamana b b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes a Yes Yes Yes Yes Mattannur c 0 0 0 0 0 6 Ayyankunnu b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Mattannur c 1250 253.1 1036 0 0 7 Aralam Yes Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Mattannur c 2488 0 0 0 0 8 Kottiyoor Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Koothuparamba c 11322 10.6 0 0 0 9 Kelakam Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes Koothuparamba c 130.2 154.8 0.9 0 0 10 Kanichar Yes b Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Koothuparamba c 41 1573 0 0 120 11 Manathana Yes a Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Mattannur c 0 250 0 0 0 12 Muzhakkunnu b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Mattannur c 0 145 0 0 0 13 Thillenkeri b b Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Mattannur c 0 492 0 0 0 14 Tholambra Yes Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes Koothuparamba c 65.9 25.2 2.1 0 0 15 Vellarvelly b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes a Yes Yes Yes Yes Koothuparamba c 35.2 27.3 0 0 0 16 Vekkalam Yes Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes a Yes Yes Yes Yes Koothuparamba c 0 22.5 0 0 0 17 Koloyad Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Koothuparamba c 0 0 0 0 0 18 Kannavam Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes a Yes Yes Yes Yes Koothuparamba c 3.9 14.5 0 0 0 19 Sivapuram Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Mattannur b 0 43.5 0 0 0 20 Cheruvanchery Yes b Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes Koothuparamba c 0 42.2 15.2 0 0 21 Puthoor b b Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Koothuparamba c 0 1213 0 0 0 22 Thrippangottur Yes Yes Yes b Yes b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Thalassery c 101.2 12.3 0 0 0 Taluk Total : 15 14 22 9 22 21 22 22 13 22 22 22 22 0 0 15437 5603 1054 0 120 District T otal : 37 35 55 25 46 49 56 56 31 56 56 56 56 0 0 17159 25687 1788 0 185

178 Census of India 2011- Village Directory Amenities and Land use ( As in 2009 ) Name of District:-Kannur Location CodeNo:-589 Name of Taluk:-KannurThalassery Location CodeNo:-05634 Land Use Name of three most important Area under different types of land Area irrigated by source (in commodities manufactured use ( in hectares rounded up to one hectare). decimal place) Name of Village Serial Number Culturable Waste Land Fallow lands other than current fallows Current Fallows Net Area Sown Total Irrigated Land Area Total Un-irrigated Land Area Canals ( C ) Wells/Tube-wells(W/TW) Tanks/Lakes(T/L) Water Falls(WF) Others(O) First Second Third 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 2 1 0 0 0 1646.7 157.8 1489 0 121.4 20.2 0 16.2 Pattannur 1 0 0 0 2106.5 80.9 2026 4.1 28.3 8.1 0 40.4 Chavassery 2 0 12.4 0 1843.6 155.2 1701 0 0 0 0 155 Keezhur 3 0 8.1 0 1489.6 290.2 1208 72.9 65.5 26.3 0 126 Payam 4 0 0 0 1630 607 1023 0 99 60 0 448 Vilamana 5 0 1593 0 4696.2 170 6119 0 40 0 0 130 Ayyankunnu 6 0 0 0 8757.3 3428 5330 100 253.6 0.7 1.3 3072 Aralam 7 4 0 0 4164.4 137 4028 45.3 1 0.2 0 90.5 Kottiyoor 8 3360 0 0 4147.6 49.4 4098 10 15 0.4 0 24 Kelakam 9 0 0 0 3461.3 42.9 3539 0 0 0 0 42.9 Kanichar 10 0 0 0 1552 10.1 1542 0 0 0 0 10.1 Manathana 11 10 0 0 2948 71.7 2876 0 37.3 0 0 34.4 Muzhakkunnu 12 2.4 15 0 1996.6 221.7 1790 53.4 20.2 8.1 0 140 Thillenkeri 13 107 0 0 1409.5 52.6 1357 0 18.2 0 0 34.4 Tholambra 14 0 300 0 1245.5 1504 41.3 0 1.7 0.2 0 1502 Crumb Rubber Vellarvelly 15 0 0 0 1607.5 105.9 1502 78.2 0 7 0 20.7 Vekkalam 16 0 10 0 1675 1685 0 0 0.1 0 0 1685 Koloyad 17 1058 0 0 597.3 597.3 0 0 0 19.3 0 578 Cement Products Wood Product Kannavam 18 0 0 0 2484.5 132.1 2352 95.9 24.3 0 0 11.9 Sivapuram 19 0 10 0 1453.6 483.4 980.2 0 371.7 42.9 0 68.8 Cheruvanchery 20 0 0 0 353 15.3 337.7 0 0 0 0 15.3 Puthoor 21 0 0 0 3125.5 384.4 2741 0 222.6 40.5 0 121 Thrippangottur 22 4541 1949 0 54391 10382 46079 460 1320 233.9 1.3 Taluk Total 6282 3024 0 142238 29305 1E+05 1395 6308 3518 22 District T otal

179 APPENDICES TO VILLAGE DIRECTORY

Appendix I - Village Directory Summary showing total number of villages having educational, medical and other amenities -Taluk wise District: Kannur (589) Sr. Name of Taluk Total Total Villages having educational institutions No. number of population inhabited of taluk Pre- Primary Middle Secon Senior Degree Degree Medical villages in primary school school dary second college of college college the taluk school school ary arts sceince of school & commerce engineer (SS) ing

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 05632-Taliparamba 32 487590 30 32 31 23 17 11 2 0 2 05633-Kannur 2 39161 2 2 2 1 1 0 0 0 3 05634-Thalassery 22 355266 22 22 22 20 11 5 0 0 Total 56 882017 54 56 55 44 29 16 2 0

Sr. Name of Taluk Villages having educational institutions (contd.) Villages having Medical institutions No. Man Poly Vocatio Non- Special Others No Comm Primary Primary Mater T.B. Hos age tech nal formal school (specify) educat unity health health nity clinic pital- ment nic training traini for ional health centre sub and allop instit school ng disabled facility centre centre child athic ute /ITI centre welfare centre 1 2 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 1 05632-Taliparamba 1 0 5 1 3 3 0 1 20 22 23 1 0 2 05633-Kannur 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 2 1 2 0 1 3 05634-Thalassery 0 0 5 1 6 1 0 0 17 11 17 1 0 Total 1 0 11 2 10 4 0 1 39 34 42 2 1

Sr. Name of Taluk Villages having Medical institutions (contd.) … No. Hospital- Dispen Veterinary Mobile Family Medical Medical Medi Others No alternative sary hospital health welfare practioner practioner cine medical medicine clinic centre (with (with shop facility MBBS other Degree) degree)

1 2 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 1 05632-Taliparamba 0 22 22 0 20 32 16 32 4 0 2 05633-Kannur 1 1 1 0 2 2 1 2 0 0 3 05634-Thalassery 0 14 14 2 17 22 8 22 0 0 Total 1 37 37 2 39 56 25 56 4 0

180 APPENDICES TO VILLAGE DIRECTORY

Appendix I - Village Directory Summary showing total number of villages having educational, medical and other amenities - Taluk wise

Sr. Name of Taluk Villages having drinking water Villages having Post & No. Telegraph Tap water Well Hand Tube Spring River Tank/ Oth No Post Sub Post & Phone (treated/ water pump well/ / pond/ ers drinking office post telegra (land untreated) (coverd/ bore canal lake water office ph lines) uncover well facility office ed well)

1 2 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 1 05632-Taliparamba 32 32 26 32 15 28 25 3 0 31 23 12 32 2 05633-Kannur 2 2 1 2 0 2 1 0 0 2 2 1 2 3 05634-Thalassery 22 22 16 20 14 21 18 0 0 22 19 13 22 Total 56 56 43 54 29 51 44 3 0 55 44 26 56

Sr. Name of Taluk Villages having Post & Villages having transport No. Telegraph Public Mobile Internet Village Bus Railway Auto/ Taxi Tractors Navigable call phone cafes/ roads- service station modified & water ways office coverage Common pucca (public/ autos vans (river/canal/ service road private) sea ferry centre service)

1 2 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 1 05632-Taliparamba 32 32 21 32 32 0 32 31 0 1 2 05633-Kannur 2 2 2 2 2 0 2 2 0 1 3 05634-Thalassery 22 22 15 22 22 0 22 22 0 2 Total 56 56 38 56 56 0 56 55 0 4

Sr. Name of Taluk Banks Credit Villages having recreation Miscellaneous Villages having No. societies facility power supply Comm ATM Agricult Cine Pu Public Avail Public We Asemb Birth Available Not ercial ural ma / blic reading ability distributi ekly ly & availa & co- credit video libr rooms of on haat polling death ble operati societies halls ary news system station registr ve paper (PDS) ation shop office 1 2 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 1 05632-Taliparamba 32 6 18 14 22 26 32 32 3 32 16 32 0 2 05633-Kannur 2 0 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 3 05634-Thalassery 22 3 16 9 22 21 22 22 2 22 13 22 0 Total 56 9 35 25 46 49 56 56 7 56 31 56 0

181 Appendix IA - Village directory Villages by number of primary schools District: Kannur (589) Sr.No. Name of Taluk Total number Number of primary schools of inhabited None One Two Three Four + villages

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 05632-Taliparamba 32 0 0 1 4 27 2 05633-Kannur 2 0 0 0 0 2 3 05634-Thalassery 22 0 0 1 2 19 Total 56 0 0 2 6 48

Appendix IB - Village directory Villages by primary, middle and secondary schools District: Kannur (589) Sr.No. Name of Taluk Total number of Type of educational institutions available inhabited villages No school At least one At least one At least one middle primary primary school school and one school and and one middle secondary school no middle school school

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 05632-Taliparamba 32 0 1 31 23 2 05633-Kannur 2 0 0 2 1 3 05634-Thalassery 22 0 0 22 20 Total 56 0 1 55 44

Appendix IC - Village Directory Villages with different sources of drinking water facilities available District: Kannur (589) Sr.No. Name of Taluk Number of villages with different sources of drinking water facilities available Only tap Only well Only Only More than one source (treated/ (covered / tubewell handpump only from tap, well, untreated) uncovered) /borewell tubewell,hand pump

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 05632-Taliparamba 0 0 0 0 32 2 05633-Kannur 0 0 0 0 2 3 05634-Thalassery 0 0 0 0 22 Total 0 0 0 0 56

182 Appendix II- Village Directory Villages with 5000 and above population which do not have one or more amenities available. District: Kannur (589) Sr. Name of Taluk Name of Location Popula Amenities not available (indicate N.A. where amenity not available) No. village code tion Senior College Primary Tap Bus Approach Banks number secondary health drinking facility by pucca school sub water road centre 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 05632-Taliparamba Ramanthali 627177 25711 N.A. N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available 2 05632-Taliparamba Peralam 627178 7607 N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available Available 3 05632-Taliparamba Kankole 627179 10665 N.A. Available Available Available Available Available Available 4 05632-Taliparamba Perinthatta 627182 5416 N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available Available 5 05632-Taliparamba Kuttoor 627183 8143 N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available Available 6 05632-Taliparamba Vellora 627184 10239 Available N.A. Available Available Available Available Available 7 05632-Taliparamba Peringome 627185 16721 Available N.A. Available Available Available Available Available 8 05632-Taliparamba Thimiri 627186 18044 N.A. Available Available Available Available Available Available 9 05632-Taliparamba Pulingome 627188 10672 Available N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available 10 05632-Taliparamba Thirumeni 627189 8611 Available N.A. Available Available Available Available Available 11 05632-Taliparamba Vellad 627191 25875 Available Available N.A. Available Available Available Available 12 05632-Taliparamba New Naduvil 627192 20369 N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available Available 13 05632-Taliparamba Kooveri 627193 19033 N.A. Available Available Available Available Available Available 14 05632-Taliparamba Panniyoor 627194 12382 N.A. N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available 15 05632-Taliparamba Kuttiyeri 627195 12473 N.A. Available N.A. Available Available Available Available 16 05632-Taliparamba Pattuvam 627196 15659 Available N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available 17 05632-Taliparamba Chuzhali 627197 14759 Available N.A. Available Available Available Available Available 18 05632-Taliparamba Nediyanga 627198 15859 N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available Available 19 05632-Taliparamba Eruvassy 627199 19216 Available Available N.A. Available Available Available Available 20 05632-Taliparamba Payyavoor 627200 22998 Available Available N.A. Available Available Available Available 21 05632-Taliparamba Nuchiyad 627201 12686 N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available Available 22 05632-Taliparamba Vayathur 627202 22743 Available N.A. Available Available Available Available Available 23 05632-Taliparamba Padiyoor 627203 12114 N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available Available 24 05632-Taliparamba Kalliad 627204 9410 N.A. Available N.A. Available Available Available Available 25 05632-Taliparamba Malapattam 627206 9628 Available N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available 26 05632-Taliparamba Chengalai 627207 15800 Available N.A. Available Available Available Available Available 27 05632-Taliparamba Kayaralam 627208 17159 N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available Available 28 05633-Kannur Panapuzha 627218 11355 N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available Available 29 05633-Kannur Mattool 627219 27806 Available N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available 30 05634-Thalassery Pattannur 627250 15003 Available N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available 31 05634-Thalassery Chavassery 627251 22480 Available N.A. Available Available Available Available Available 32 05634-Thalassery Keezhur 627252 16597 N.A. Available Available Available Available Available Available 33 05634-Thalassery Payam 627253 15429 N.A. N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available 34 05634-Thalassery Vilamana 627254 14059 Available N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available 35 05634-Thalassery Ayyankunnu 627255 22436 Available Available N.A. Available Available Available Available 36 05634-Thalassery Aralam 627256 29328 Available N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available 37 05634-Thalassery Kottiyoor 627257 16698 Available N.A. Available Available Available Available Available

183 Appendix II- Village Directory Villages with 5000 and above population which do not have one or more amenities available. (Contd…) District: Kannur (589) Sr. Name of Taluk Name of Location Popula Amenities not available (indicate N.A. where amenity not available) No. village code tion Senior College Primary Tap Bus Approach Banks number secondary health drinking facility by pucca school sub water road centre 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 38 05634-Thalassery Kelakam 627258 16211 N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available Available 39 05634-Thalassery Kanichar 627259 15789 Available N.A. Available Available Available Available Available 40 05634-Thalassery Manathana 627260 15935 Available N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available 41 05634-Thalassery Thillenkeri 627262 14583 N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available Available 42 05634-Thalassery Tholambra 627263 6267 Available N.A. Available Available Available Available Available 43 05634-Thalassery Vellarvelly 627264 7769 N.A. N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available 44 05634-Thalassery Vekkalam 627265 7174 N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available Available 45 05634-Thalassery Koloyad 627266 12616 N.A. N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available 46 05634-Thalassery Kannavam 627267 9211 N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available Available 47 05634-Thalassery Sivapuram 627268 16047 N.A. N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available 48 05634-Thalassery Cheruvanchery627269 10341 N.A. Available N.A. Available Available Available Available 49 05634-Thalassery Puthoor 627270 19575 N.A. N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available

Appendix III-Village Directory Land Utilization data in respect of Census Towns District : Kannur (589) Sr. Name of Total Area Barren Permanent Land Culturable Fallow Current Net Total Total Un- No. Census Forest under and Pastures under waste Lands Fallows Area irrigated irrigated Towns and Area Non- uncultiv and other Miscella lands other sown Land Land C.D.Blocks agricult able Grazing neous than Area Area within ural land lands Tree Current Bracket Uses Crops Fallows etc. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Not Available

Appendix IV-Village Directory Taluk wise list of Inhabited villages where no amenity other than drinking water facility is available District : Kannur(589) Sr. No. Location Code Number Name of Village 1 2 3

Nil

184 Appendix V- Village Directory Summary showing number of villages not having scheduled castes population District: Kannur (589) Sr.No. Name of Taluk Total villages Uninhabited Inhabited Number of inhabited villages villages villages having no scheduled castes population

1 2 3 4 5 6 1 05632-Taliparamba 32 0 32 0 2 05633-Kannur 2 0 2 0 3 05634-Thalassery 22 0 22 0 Total 56 0 56 0

Appendix VI- Village Directory Summary showing number of villages not having scheduled tribes population District: Kannur (589) Sr.No. Name of Taluk Total villages Uninhabited Inhabited Number of inhabited villages villages villages having no scheduled tribes population 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 05632-Taliparamba 32 0 32 0 2 05633-Kannur 2 0 2 0 3 05634-Thalassery 22 0 22 0 Total 56 0 56 0

Appendix VII A - Village Directory List of villages according to the proportion of the scheduled castes and the scheduled tribes to the total population by ranges. Name of District:-Kannur Location Code No:-589 A - Scheduled Castes Range of scheduled Location code number Name of village castes population (Percentages) 1 2 3 Name of Taluk:-Taliparamba Location Code No:-05632 Less than 5 627177 Ramanthali Less than 5 627181 Eramam Less than 5 627182 Perinthatta Less than 5 627183 Kuttoor Less than 5 627184 Vellora Less than 5 627185 Peringome Less than 5 627186 Thimiri

185 Appendix VII A - Village Directory List of villages according to the proportion of the scheduled castes and the scheduled tribes to the total population by ranges. (Contd…) Name of District:-Kannur Location Code No:-589 A - Scheduled Castes Range of scheduled Location code number Name of village castes population (Percentages) 1 2 3 Name of Taluk:-Taliparamba Location Code No:-05632 Less than 5 627187 Vayakkara Less than 5 627188 Pulingome Less than 5 627189 Thirumeni Less than 5 627190 Alakode Less than 5 627191 Vellad Less than 5 627192 New Naduvil Less than 5 627193 Kooveri Less than 5 627194 Panniyoor Less than 5 627195 Kuttiyeri Less than 5 627197 Chuzhali Less than 5 627198 Nediyanga Less than 5 627199 Eruvassy Less than 5 627200 Payyavoor Less than 5 627201 Nuchiyad Less than 5 627202 Vayathur Less than 5 627203 Padiyoor Less than 5 627204 Kalliad Less than 5 627206 Malapattam 5 - 10 627178 Peralam 5 - 10 627179 Kankole 5 - 10 627180 Alapadamba 5 - 10 627196 Pattuvam 5 - 10 627205 Sreekandapuram 5 - 10 627207 Chengalai 5 - 10 627208 Kayaralam

Name of Taluk:-Kannur Location Code No:-05633

Less than 5 627218 Panapuzha Less than 5 627219 Mattool

Name of Taluk:-Thalassery Location Code No:-05634

Less than 5 627250 Pattannur Less than 5 627251 Chavassery Less than 5 627252 Keezhur Less than 5 627253 Payam

186 Appendix VII A - Village Directory List of villages according to the proportion of the scheduled castes and the scheduled tribes to the total population by ranges. (Contd…) Name of District:-Kannur Location Code No:-589 A - Scheduled Castes Range of scheduled Location code number Name of village castes population (Percentages) 1 2 3 Name of Taluk:-Thalassery Location Code No:-05634

Less than 5 627254 Vilamana Less than 5 627255 Ayyankunnu Less than 5 627256 Aralam Less than 5 627257 Kottiyoor Less than 5 627258 Kelakam Less than 5 627259 Kanichar Less than 5 627260 Manathana Less than 5 627261 Muzhakkunnu Less than 5 627262 Thillenkeri Less than 5 627263 Tholambra Less than 5 627264 Vellarvelly Less than 5 627265 Vekkalam Less than 5 627266 Koloyad Less than 5 627267 Kannavam Less than 5 627268 Sivapuram Less than 5 627269 Cheruvanchery Less than 5 627270 Puthoor Less than 5 627271 Thrippangottur

Appendix VII B - Village Directory List of villages according to the proportion of the scheduled castes and the scheduled tribes to the total population by ranges. Name of District:-Kannur Location Code No:-589 B - Scheduled Tribes Range of scheduled tribes Location code number Name of village population (percentages)

1 2 3 Name of Taluk:-Taliparamba Location Code No:-05632 Less than 5 627177 Ramanthali Less than 5 627178 Peralam Less than 5 627179 Kankole Less than 5 627180 Alapadamba Less than 5 627181 Eramam Less than 5 627182 Perinthatta Less than 5 627183 Kuttoor Less than 5 627184 Vellora

187 Appendix VII B - Village Directory List of villages according to the proportion of the scheduled castes and the scheduled tribes to the total population by ranges. (C0ntd….) Name of District:-Kannur Location Code No:-589 B - Scheduled Tribes Range of scheduled tribes Location code number Name of village population (percentages)

1 2 3 Name of Taluk:-Taliparamba Location Code No:-05632

Less than 5 627185 Peringome Less than 5 627186 Thimiri Less than 5 627187 Vayakkara Less than 5 627188 Pulingome Less than 5 627193 Kooveri Less than 5 627194 Panniyoor Less than 5 627195 Kuttiyeri Less than 5 627196 Pattuvam Less than 5 627197 Chuzhali Less than 5 627198 Nediyanga Less than 5 627202 Vayathur Less than 5 627204 Kalliad Less than 5 627205 Sreekandapuram Less than 5 627206 Malapattam Less than 5 627207 Chengalai Less than 5 627208 Kayaralam 5 - 10 627189 Thirumeni 5 - 10 627190 Alakode 5 - 10 627191 Vellad 5 - 10 627192 New Naduvil 5 - 10 627199 Eruvassy 5 - 10 627200 Payyavoor 5 - 10 627201 Nuchiyad 5 - 10 627203 Padiyoor

Name of Taluk:-Kannur Location Code No:-05633

Less than 5 627218 Panapuzha Less than 5 627219 Mattool

Name of Taluk:-Thalassery Location Code No:-05634

Less than 5 627250 Pattannur Less than 5 627251 Chavassery Less than 5 627252 Keezhur Less than 5 627253 Payam Less than 5 627254 Vilamana

188 Appendix VII B - Village Directory List of villages according to the proportion of the scheduled castes and the scheduled tribes to the total population by ranges. (C0ntd….) Name of District:-Kannur Location Code No:-589 B - Scheduled Tribes Range of scheduled tribes Location code number Name of village population (percentages)

1 2 3

Name of Taluk:-Thalassery Location Code No:-05634

Less than 5 627255 Ayyankunnu Less than 5 627260 Manathana Less than 5 627261 Muzhakkunnu Less than 5 627262 Thillenkeri Less than 5 627263 Tholambra Less than 5 627264 Vellarvelly Less than 5 627267 Kannavam Less than 5 627268 Sivapuram Less than 5 627270 Puthoor Less than 5 627271 Thrippangottur 5 - 10 627257 Kottiyoor 5 - 10 627258 Kelakam 11 - 20 627256 Aralam 11 - 20 627259 Kanichar 11 - 20 627265 Vekkalam 11 - 20 627269 Cheruvanchery 21 - 30 627266 Koloyad

Appendix-VIII-Village Directory Number of villages under each Gram Panchayat(Taluk-wise) District Kannur(589) Sl. Name of Gram Area Number of villages with Location code No. of Total Total Total No. Panchayat and in numbers households Population Scheduled Scheduled Location Code hect- Number Location Name of Village Caste Tribe Number ares Code Population Population Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Name of Taluk : Taliparamba C.D.Block Payyannur 1 Ramanthali (01) N.A 1 627177 Ramanthali 5082 25711 1208 52 2 Karivellur-peralam N.A 2 627178 Peralam 5410 21105 921 23 (02) 627209 Karivellur(CT) 3 Kankole- N.A 2 627179 Kankole 4809 19325 1162 79 Alapadamba (3) 627180 Alapadamba

189 Appendix-VIII-Village Directory Number of villages under each Gram Panchayat(Taluk-wise) (Contd…) District Kannur(589) Sl. Name of Gram Area Number of villages with Location code No. of Total Total Total No. Panchayat and in numbers households Population Scheduled Scheduled Location Code hect- Number Location Name of Village Caste Tribe Number ares Code Population Population Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Name of Taluk : Taliparamba C.D.Block Payyannur 4 Eramam- Kuttoor(4) N.A 3 627181 Eramam 7011 27830 670 256 627183 Kuttoor 627184 Vellora 5 Peringome- N.A 3 627182 Perinthatta 6881 29374 1198 254 Vayakkara(5) 627185 Peringome 627187 Vayakkara 6 (06) N.A 3 627188 Pulingome 7502 30733 790 1558 627187 Vayakkara 627189 Thirumeni C.D.Block Taliparamba 1 N.A 3 627186 Thimiri 7191 31622 1086 363 (01) 627193 Kooveri 627191 Vellad 2 Alakode (02) N.A 3 627186 Thimiri 8548 34878 846 2021 627190 Alakode 627191 Vellad 3 Udayagiri (03) N.A 2 627190 Alakode 4597 18804 196 1741 627191 Vellad 4 Naduvil (04) N.A 2 627191 Vellad 7524 31190 254 3147 627192 New Naduvil 5 Kurumathur (05) N.A 2 627194 Panniyoor 6790 31023 923 50 627211 Kurumathur(CT) 6 Pariyaram (06) N.A 2 627195 Kuttiyeri 7441 32878 1526 71 627210 Pariyaram (CT) 7 Pattuvam (07) N.A 1 627196 Pattuvam 3300 15659 1288 56 8 Chengalai (08) 2 627197 Chuzhali 6719 30559 1923 272 627207 Chengalai C.D.Block Irikkur

1 Sreekandapuram N.A 2 627198 Nediyanga 7960 33489 1712 726 (01) 627205 Sreekandapuram 2 Eruvassy (02) N.A 1 627199 Eruvassy 4694 19216 272 1107 3 Payyavoor (03) N.A 1 627200 Payyavoor 5698 22998 203 1855 4 (04) N.A 2 627201 Nuchiyad 8392 35429 504 1887 627202 Vayathur

190 Appendix-VIII-Village Directory Number of villages under each Gram Panchayat(Taluk-wise) (Contd….) District Kannur(589) Sl. Name of Gram Area Number of villages with Location code No. of Total Total Total No. Panchayat and in numbers households Population Scheduled Scheduled Location Code hect- Number Location Name of Village Caste Tribe Number ares Code Population Population Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Name of Taluk : Taliparamba C.D.Block Irikkur

5 Padiyoor-Kalliad N.A 2 627203 Padiyoor 4921 21524 535 985 (05) 627204 Kalliad 6 Malapattam (06) N.A 1 627206 Malapattam 2250 9628 481 27 7 Mayyil (07) N.A 2 627208 Kayaralam 6387 29649 1433 31 627214 Mayyil(CT) 8 Irikkur (08) N.A 1 627212 Irikkur(CT) 2327 13820 151 20 9 Kuttiattoor (09) N.A 2 627213 Kuttiattoor(CT) 5611 25925 1082 32 627217 Maniyoor(CT) 10 Kolacherry (10) N.A 2 627215 Kolacherry(CT) 5457 27943 1488 36 627216 Cheleri(CT) Name of Taluk : Kannur C.D.Block Payyannur (Part) 1 Kadannappalli - N.A 2 627218 Panapuzha 5307 21785 585 75 Panapuzha (07) 627222 Kadannappalli(CT) 2 Mattool (08) N.A 1 627219 Mattool 4564 27806 833 66 3 Kunhimangalam N.A 1 627220 Kunhimangalam(CT) 4533 18965 1103 25 (09) 4 Cheruthazham N.A 1 627221 Cheruthazham(CT) 7074 29348 1565 41 (10) 5 Ezhome (11) N.A 1 627223 Ezhome(CT) 4297 19261 1729 33 6 Madayi (12) N.A 1 627224 Madayi(CT) 6687 35888 2564 53 C.D.Block Taliparamba (Part) 1 Cherukunnu (09) N.A 1 627225 Cherukunnu(CT) 3418 16111 1158 40 2 Kannapuram (10) N.A 1 627226 Kannapuram(CT) 4531 18459 1299 23 3 Narath (11) N.A 2 627227 Narath(CT) 5348 26769 3063 75 627234 Kannadiparamba(CT) 4 Pappinisseri (12) N.A 1 627228 Pappinisseri(CT) 7225 35134 3025 68 5 Kalliasseri (13) 1 627229 Kalliasseri(CT) 7149 31122 1497 87

C.D.Block Kannur 1 Azhikode (01) N.A 2 627230 Azhikode North(CT) 10015 47323 2639 76 627231 Azhikode South(CT) 2 Valapattanam (02) N.A 1 627232 Valapattanam(CT) 1329 7955 184 26 3 Chirakkal (03) N.A 1 627233 Chirakkal(CT) 9599 45601 2702 128 4 Puzhathi (04) N.A 1 627238 Puzhathi(CT) 7083 35212 2857 166 5 Pallikkunnu (05) N.A 1 627239 Pallikkunnu(CT) 6125 27820 1238 106

191 Appendix-VIII-Village Directory Number of villages under each Gram Panchayat(Taluk-wise) (Contd….) District Kannur(589) Sl. Name of Gram Area Number of villages with Location code No. of Total Total Total No. Panchayat and in numbers households Population Scheduled Scheduled Location Code hect- Number Location Name of Village Caste Tribe Number ares Code Population Population Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Name of Taluk : Kannur C.D.Block Edakkad 1 Munderi (01) N.A 2 627235 Munderi(CT) 7391 37029 1190 68 627236 Kanhirode(CT) 2 Chelora (02) N.A 2 627237 Varam(CT) 7796 37960 2006 211 627241 Chelora(CT) 3 Elayavoor (03) N.A 1 627240 Elayavoor (CT) 7453 33853 1268 62 4 Ancharakandy (04) N.A 1 627242 Ancharakandy (CT) 5245 23030 370 72 5 Chembilode (05) N.A 2 627243 Iriveri (CT) 7050 34319 483 52 627244 Chala (CT) 6 Edakkad (06) N.A 1 627245 Thottada (CT) 8798 40818 1294 199 7 Kadambur (07) N.A 1 627246 Kadachira (CT) 4127 18979 290 58 8 Peralassery (08) N.A 2 627247 Mavilayi(CT) 6529 29107 643 48 627248 Peralassery (CT) 9 Muzhappilangad N.A 1 627249 Muzhappilangad (CT) 4460 23709 451 66 (09) Name of Taluk : Thalassery C.D.Block Iritty 1 Koodali (01) N.A 2 627250 Pattannur 6557 30239 572 87 627272 Koodali(CT) 2 Keezhur-Chavassery N.A 3 627251 Chavassery 8323 40369 574 997 (02) 627252 Keezhur 627253 Payam 3 Payam (03) N.A 2 627253 Payam 6552 28196 879 652 627254 Vilamana 4 Ayyankunnu (04) N.A 1 627255 Ayyankunnu 5387 22436 389 956 5 Aralam (05) N.A 1 627256 Aralam 6904 29328 388 4359 6 Thillenkeri (06) N.A 1 627262 Thillenkeri 3204 14583 248 400 7 Kezhallur (07) N.A 1 627273 Keezhallur (CT) 4434 20440 386 82

C.D.Block Peravoor 1 Kottiyoor (01) N.A 2 627257 Kottiyoor 4173 16768 450 1125 627258 Kelakam 2 Kelakam (02) N.A 2 627258 Kelakam 4110 16506 238 1043 627259 Kanichar 3 Kanichar (03) N.A 2 627259 Kanichar 3781 15570 263 1757 627260 Manathana

192 Appendix-VIII-Village Directory Number of villages under each Gram Panchayat(Taluk-wise) (Contd…) District Kannur(589) Sl. Name of Gram Area Number of villages with Location code No. of Total Total Total No. Panchayat and in numbers households Population Scheduled Scheduled Location Code hect- Number Location Name of Village Caste Tribe Number ares Code Population Population Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Name of Taluk : Thalassery C.D.Block: Peravoor 4 Peravoor (04) N.A 2 627260 Manathana 5584 23558 403 931 627264 Vellarvelly 5 Muzhakkunnu (05) N.A 1 627261 Muzhakkunnu 4881 21807 237 1082 6 Malur (06) N.A 2 627263 Tholambra 4917 22314 307 413 627268 Sivapuram 7 Koloyad (07) N.A 2 627265 Vekkalam 4655 19790 210 4009 627266 Koloyad C.D.Block:Koothuparamba 1 Chittariparamba N.A 2 627267 Kannavam 5303 23878 231 1112 (01) 627278 Manantheri (CT) 2 Pattiom (02) N.A 2 627285 Pattiom (CT) 6840 30502 325 1368 627269 Cheruvanchery 3 Kunnothuparmba N.A 2 627270 Puthoor 8596 39392 403 115 (03) 627287 Kolavelloor (CT) 4 Thrippangottur N.A 1 627271 Thrippangottur 6536 29911 487 402 (04) 5 (05) N.A 2 627274 Paduvilayi (CT) 8127 38606 537 120 627275 Pathiriyad (CT) 6 Mangattidam (06) N.A 2 627276 Mangattidam (CT) 7506 34652 538 138 627277 Kandamkunnu (CT) 7 Mokeri (07) N.A 1 627286 Mokeri (CT) 4292 19684 197 21 8 Panoor (08) N.A 1 627288 Panoor (CT) 3590 17438 139 60 9 Panniyannur (09) N.A 1 627289 Panniyannur (CT) 4866 22308 223 37 C.D.Block Thalassery 1 Kottayam - Malabar N.A 1 627279 Koottayam- Malabar (CT) 3815 19176 268 61 (01) 2 Pinarayi (02) N.A 2 627280 Eruvatti(CT) 7833 33706 562 73 627281 Pinarayi (CT) 3 Dharmadom (03) N.A 1 627282 Dharmadom (CT) 6751 30804 615 56 4 Eranholi (04) N.A 1 627283 Eranholi (CT) 6042 25818 363 57 5 Kadirur (05) N.A 1 627284 Kadirur (CT) 6817 31087 366 75 6 New Mahe (06) N.A 2 627290 New Mahe (CT) 3165 16303 189 47 627291 Chockli (CT) 7 Chockli (07) N.A 1 627291 Chockli (CT) 6031 28415 573 98 8 (08) N.A 1 627292 Peringathur (CT) 4209 20747 439 29 9 (09) N.A 1 627292 Peringathur (CT) 3992 19545 320 42

Note: The data depicted from col.no. 7 to 10 pertains to the Gram Panchayat as mentioned under col. no. 2.

193 194 SECTION II- TOWN DIRECTORY

195 196 NOTE EXPLAINING THE ABBREVIATIONS USED IN TOWN DIRECTORY 2011 CENSUS Statement I :- Status and Growth History:

Column 1 :– Serial Number:- Self explanatory Column 2 :- Class, Name and civic status of town:- The Class is presented according to population of the towns in 2011 Census as follows:

Population Class Population Class

1,00,000 & above I 10,000-19,999 IV

50,000-99,999 II 5,000-9,999 V

20,000-49,999 III Below 5000 VI

The following abbreviations are used to denote the Civic Status of the town.

Civic Status Codes Civic Status Codes i-Municipal Corporation M.Corp. xii – Notified Town Area NTA ii-Municipal Committee MC xiii – Industrial Notified Area INA iii-Municipal Council M Cl xiv – Industrial Township ITS iv-City Municipal Council CMC xv – Township TS v-Town Municipal Council TMC xvi – Town Panchayat TP vi- Municipal Board MB xvii – Nagar Panchayat NP Vii –Municipality M xviii – Town Committee/ Town Area TC Committee viii- Cantonment CB xix – Small Town Committee ST Board/Cantonment ix- Notified Area NA xx – Estate Office EO x –Notified Town NT xxi –Gram Panchayat GP xi - Notified Area Committee/ NAC xxii – Census Town CT Notified Area Council

Column 3 - 25: - These columns are self explanatory Statement II : - Physical Aspects and Location of town, 2009.

Column 1 - 2 Serial number and Name of town: - Self explanatory Columns 3 to 5 - Physical Aspects :- In these columns the Rainfall and Maximum and Minimum Temperature of the town is recorded. Columns 6 to 12 :- Name and road distance of the town (in kms.) from the State headquarters, District headquarters, Sub-divisional/Taluk/Tahsil/ Police station/Development Block/Island HQ., Nearest city with population of one lakh and more, Nearest city with population of five lakh and more, Railway station and Bus route is recorded in these columns respectively. If the names mentioned in these columns are the same as the referent town itself, the distance is recorded as (0) zero.

197 Statement III – Civic and other Amenities, 2009:-

Column 1 - 2 Serial number and Name of town : - Self explanatory Column 3 – Road length (in km.) :- The information about the road length (in km.) within the limit of the town is recorded in this column. Columns 4 to 7- System of drainage : - The system of drainage available in the town is indicated in these columns by the following codes: System of drainage Codes Open drains OD Closed drains CD Both drains BD Columns 8 to 11-Number of latrines : - The number of various types of latrines available in the town is indicated in these columns. Columns No. 12 & 13 – Protected water supply : - The information on source of water supply and system of water storage with capacity available in the town are given in these columns in the following codes: Column 12 (Source of water supply):- (i) Tap water T (ii) Tube-well water TW (iii) Tank Water TK (iv) Well water W

Column 13 (System of water storage):- (i) Over Head Tank OHT (ii) Service Reservoir SR (iii) River Infiltration Gallery RIG (iv) Bore Well Pumping System BWP (v) Pressure Tank PT The information on 2 major source of water supply is given in column 12 and the system of water storage with capacity against each in kilo-litres (in bracket) is presented in column 13. Columns 14 Fire Fighting Service : - In case the fire fighting service is available in the referent town, ‘yes’ is recorded. If the facility is not available within the town, the name of the nearest place having this facility with its distance from the referent town has been recorded. Columns 15 to 19- Electrification (Number of connections) :- Different types of electric connections have been shown in these columns, i.e., Domestic, Industrial, Commercial, Road lighting (points) & others. Statement IV: Medical Facilities, 2009 :- Columns 1 - 2 Serial number and Name of town : - Self explanatory

198 Columns 3 to 13 :- The number of various medical institutions such as Hospitals, Dispensaries, Health Center, Family Welfare Center, Maternity and Child Welfare Center, Maternity Homes, T.B. Hospital/clinic, Nursing Homes, Charitable Hospital/Nursing Home, Mobile Health Clinic and Others as available in the town, are indicated in these columns (along with number of beds in brackets). If a medical facility is not available in the town, the name of the nearest place and its distance in kilometers from the town where the facility is available is mentioned.

Column 14 - Veterinary Hospital :- The Number of Veterinary Hospitals available in the town is given in this column. Column 15 - Medicine Shop :- The number of Medicine shops available in the town is given in this column. Statement V : Educational, Recreational and Cultural Facilities, 2009 :-

Columns 1 - 2 Serial number and Name of town : - Self explanatory Columns 3 to 15 Educational Facilities :- The information on number of Primary school, Middle school, Secondary school, Senior Secondary school, Arts/Science/ Commerce colleges (of degree level and above), Medical colleges, Engineering colleges, Management Institute/Colleges, Polytechnics, Recognized Shorthand, Typewriting and vocational training Institutions, Non-formal Education Center (Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan Center), Special School for disabled and Others available in the town, are indicated in these columns. If an educational facility is not available in the town, the name of the nearest place and its distance in kilometers from the town where the facility is available is mentioned.

Columns 16 to 23 – Number of Social, Recreational and Culture Facilities :- The information on No. of Home Orphanage, Working women’s hostels (with No. of seats in bracket), No. of Old Age Home, Stadium, Cinema Theatre, Auditorium/Community halls, Public libraries and Reading rooms available in the town are given under these column. Statement VI: Industry and Banking 2009:- Columns 1 - 2 Serial number and Name of town : - Self explanatory Columns 3 to 5 - Names of three most important commodities manufactured :- The names of three most important commodities manufactured in the town are given under these columns. Columns 6 to 8 - Number of banks : - The number of banks available in the referent town both Commercial and Co-operative banks are recorded against these columns. Columns 9 & 10 – Number of Agricultural and Non Agricultural Credit Societies : - The number of Agricultural and Non Agricultural Credit Societies available in the referent town are given in these columns. Statement VII: Civic and other Amenities in Slums, 2009 :-

This statement VII provides information on civic and other amenities in all slums whether notified or not and for all towns having statutory bodies, like Municipality, Municipal Corporation, Town area com- mittee etc.

199 STATEMENT - I Status and Growth History Sr. Class, name and civic status Location Code Name of Name of Area Number of Scheduled Schedul No. of town No. Taluk/ CD block (sq. households Castes ed Tahsil/ Km.) including Population Tribes Police houseless (2011 Populati Station/Isla households Census) on (2011 nds etc. (2011 Census) Census)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 II, Payyannur (M), M 3258905632803257 Taliparamba 54.63 16996 4018 153 2 II, Taliparamba (M), M 3258905632803258 Taliparamba 43.08 15874 2814 152 3 IV, Karivellur (CT), CT 3258905632627209 Taliparamba Payyannur 11.33 3463 530 12 4 III, Pariyaram (CT), CT 3258905632627210 Taliparamba Taliparamba 32.68 4580 988 33 5 IV, Kurumathur (CT), CT 3258905632627211 Taliparamba Taliparamba 26.26 4117 641 36 6 IV, Irikkur (CT), CT 3258905632627212 Taliparamba Irikkur 11.28 2327 151 20 7 IV, Kuttiattoor (CT), CT 3258905632627213 Taliparamba Irikkur 20.9 3017 681 6 8 IV, Mayyil (CT), CT 3258905632627214 Taliparamba Irikkur 12.77 2587 284 23 9 IV, Kolacherry (CT), CT 3258905632627215 Taliparamba Irikkur 10.89 3307 922 30 10 IV, Cheleri (CT), CT 3258905632627216 Taliparamba Irikkur 8.56 2150 566 6 11 IV, Maniyoor (CT), CT 3258905632627217 Taliparamba Irikkur 14.02 2594 401 26 12 II, Kannur (M), M 3258905633803259 Kannur 11.03 11418 2674 159 13 VI, Kannur Cantonment (CB), CB 3258905633803260 Kannur 1.79 772 194 23 14 IV, Kunhimangalam (CT), CT 3258905633627220 Kannur Payyannur 15.34 4533 1103 25 15 III, Cheruthazham (CT), CT 3258905633627221 Kannur Payyannur 32.17 7074 1565 41 16 IV, Kadannappalli (CT), CT 3258905633627222 Kannur Payyannur 18.08 2606 343 41 17 IV, Ezhome (CT), CT 3258905633627223 Kannur Payyannur 18.9 4297 1729 33 18 III, Madayi (CT), CT 3258905633627224 Kannur Payyannur 17.08 6687 2564 53 19 IV, Cherukunnu (CT), CT 3258905633627225 Kannur Taliparamba 15.33 3418 1158 40 20 IV, Kannapuram (CT), CT 3258905633627226 Kannur Taliparamba 14.34 4531 1299 23 21 IV, Narath (CT), CT 3258905633627227 Kannur Taliparamba 8.29 2557 1624 38 22 III, Pappinisseri (CT), CT 3258905633627228 Kannur Taliparamba 15.22 7225 3025 68 23 III, Kalliasseri (CT), CT 3258905633627229 Kannur Taliparamba 15.74 7149 1497 87 24 III, Azhikode North (CT), CT 3258905633627230 Kannur Kannur 8.54 4503 1722 43 25 III, Azhikode South (CT), CT 3258905633627231 Kannur Kannur 7.44 5512 917 33 26 V, Valapattanam (CT), CT 3258905633627232 Kannur Kannur 2.03 1329 184 26 27 III, Chirakkal (CT), CT 3258905633627233 Kannur Kannur 13.48 9599 2702 128 28 IV, Kannadiparamba (CT), CT 3258905633627234 Kannur Taliparamba 8.93 2791 1439 37 29 III, Munderi (CT), CT 3258905633627235 Kannur Edakkad 12.29 4246 1030 30 30 IV, Kanhirode (CT), CT 3258905633627236 Kannur Edakkad 8.13 3145 160 38 31 IV, Varam (CT), CT 3258905633627237 Kannur Edakkad 9.81 3269 1480 93 32 III, Puzhathi (CT), CT 3258905633627238 Kannur Kannur 9.1 7083 2857 166

200 STATEMENT - I Status and Growth History Population and growth rate (in brackets) of the town at the Censuses of Class, name and civic status Sr. 1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 of town No.

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 2 1 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) II, Payyannur (M ), M 1

0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 12894 (0) II,Taliparamba (M), M 2 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) IV, Karivellur (CT), CT 3 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) III, Pariyaram (CT), CT 4 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) IV, Kurumathur (CT), CT 5 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) IV, Irikkur (CT), CT 6 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) IV, Kuttiattoor (CT), CT 7 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) IV, Mayyil (CT), CT 8 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) IV, Kolacherry (CT), CT 9 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) IV, Cheleri (CT), CT 10 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) IV, Maniyoor (CT), CT 11 27811 (0) 28957 (4.1) 27705 (-4.3) 34236 (23.6) 34649 (1.2) 42431 (22.5) 46101 (8.7) II, Kannur (M), M 12 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 2859 (0) VI, Kannur Cantonment (CB), CB 13 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) IV,Kunhimangalam(CT),CT 14 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) III, Cheruthazham(CT), CT 15 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) IV, Kadannappalli (CT), CT 16 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) IV, Ezhome (CT), CT 17 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) III, Madayi (CT), CT 18 IV, 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) Cherukunnu (CT), CT 19 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) IV, Kannapuram (CT), CT 20 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) IV, Narath (CT), CT 21 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 16420 (0) III, Pappinisseri (CT), CT 22 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) III, Kalliasseri (CT), CT 23 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) III, Azhikode North (CT), CT 24 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 24212 (0) III, Azhikode South (CT), CT 25 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 5746 (0) V, Valapattanam (CT), CT 26 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 12285 (0) III, Chirakkal (CT), CT 27 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) IV, Kannadiparamba (CT), CT 28 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) III, Munderi (CT), CT 29 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) IV, Kanhirode (CT), CT 30 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) IV, Varam (CT) CT 31 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 15214 (0) III, Puzhathi (CT), CT 32

201 STATEMENT - I Status and Growth History Sr. Class, name and civic status Population and growth rate (in brackets) of the town at the Densi Sex ratio No. of town Censuses of ty 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 (2011 1991 2001 2011 Cens us)

1 2 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 1 II, Payyannur (M), M 26524 (0) 0 (0) 64032 (0) 68734 (7.3) 72111 (4.91) 1320 1067 1102 1159 2 II, Taliparamba (M), M 16227 (25.9) 29901 (84.3) 60226 (101) 67507 (12.1) 72465 (7.34) 1682 1021 1074 1145 3 IV, Karivellur (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 13498 (0) 1191 0 0 1159 4 III, Pariyaram (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 20405 (0) 624 0 0 1130 5 IV, Kurumathur (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 18641 (0) 710 0 0 1137 6 IV, Irikkur (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 13820 (0) 1225 0 0 1066 7 IV, Kuttiattoor (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 13244 (0) 634 0 0 1112 8 IV, Mayyil (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 12490 (0) 978 0 0 1165 9 IV, Kolacherry (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 17095 (0) 1570 0 0 1179 10 IV, Cheleri (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 10848 (0) 1267 0 0 1226 11 IV, Maniyoor (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 12681 (0) 904 0 0 1149 12 II, Kannur (M), M 55162 (19.7) 60904 (10.4) 65238 (7.1) 63797 (-2.2) 56823 (-10.93) 5152 1036 1091 1161 13 VI, Kannur Cantonment (CB), CB 4750 (66.1) 4489 (-5.5) 4820 (7.4) 4699 (-2.5) 4798 (2.11) 2680 594 528 408 14 IV, Kunhimangalam (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 18965 (0) 1236 0 0 1248 15 III, Cheruthazham (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 23099 (0) 26239 (13) 29348 (0) 912 1082 1115 1163 16 IV, Kadannappalli (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 10430 (0) 577 0 0 1151 17 IV, Ezhome (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 19261 (0) 1019 0 0 1210 18 III, Madayi (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 35888 (0) 2101 0 0 1220 19 IV, Cherukunnu (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 16111 (0) 1051 0 0 1252 20 IV, Kannapuram (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 18158 (0) 18527 (2) 18459 (0) 1287 1158 1169 1246 21 IV, Narath (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 12554 (0) 13092 (0) 1579 0 1095 1190 22 III, Pappinisseri (CT), CT 21952 (33.7) 27062 (23.3) 30754 (13.6) 33273 (8.2) 35134 (0) 2308 1025 1089 1198 23 III, Kalliasseri (CT), CT 0 (0) 20497 (0) 25005 (22) 28068 (12.2) 31122 (0) 1977 1081 1120 1206 24 III, Azhikode North (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 19277 (0) 22002 (14.1) 22128 (0) 2591 1049 1014 1179 25 III, Azhikode South (CT), CT 0 (0) 37273 (0) 23077 (-38.1) 23949 (3.8) 25195 (0) 3386 1066 1125 1216 26 V, Valapattanam (CT), CT 7296 (27) 8080 (10.8) 8920 (10.4) 8370 (-6.2) 7955 (0) 3919 948 1014 1163 27 III, Chirakkal (CT), CT 0 (0) 36124 (0) 39838 (10.3) 43287 (8.7) 45601 (0) 3383 1057 1082 1159 28 IV, Kannadiparamba (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 11599 (0) 12658 (9.1) 13677 (0) 1532 1054 1127 1258 29 III, Munderi (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 17358 (0) 19478 (12.2) 21676 (11.28) 1764 1088 1113 1189 30 IV, Kanhirode (CT), CT 0 (0) 10327 (0) 12543 (21.5) 13955 (11.3) 15353 (10.02) 1888 1062 1117 1163 31 IV, Varam (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 13777 (0) 14741 (7) 17008 (15.38) 1734 1077 1158 1220 32 III, Puzhathi (CT), CT 0 (0) 26099 (0) 30616 (17.3) 33471 (9.3) 35212 (0) 3869 968 1030 1081

202 STATEMENT - I Status and Growth History Sr. Class, name and civic status Location Code Name of Name of Area Number of Scheduled Schedul No. of town No. Taluk/ CD block (sq. households Castes ed Tahsil/ Km.) including Population Tribes Police houseless (2011 Populati Station/Isla households Census) on (2011 nds etc. (2011 Census) Census)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 33 III, Pallikkunnu (CT), CT 3258905633627239 Kannur Kannur 6.84 6125 1238 106 34 III, Elayavoor (CT), CT 3258905633627240 Kannur Edakkad 11.53 7453 1268 62 35 III, Chelora (CT), CT 3258905633627241 Kannur Edakkad 11.35 4527 526 118 36 III, Ancharakandy (CT), CT 3258905633627242 Kannur Edakkad 15.45 5245 370 72 37 IV, Iriveri (CT), CT 3258905633627243 Kannur Edakkad 11.77 3564 229 25 38 IV, Chala (CT), CT 3258905633627244 Kannur Edakkad 9.29 3486 254 27 39 III, Thottada (CT), CT 3258905633627245 Kannur Edakkad 18.37 8798 1294 199 40 IV, Kadachira (CT), CT 3258905633627246 Kannur Edakkad 7.94 4127 290 58 41 IV, Mavilayi (CT), CT 3258905633627247 Kannur Edakkad 8.6 2699 246 21 42 IV, Peralassery (CT), CT 3258905633627248 Kannur Edakkad 10.76 3830 397 27 43 III, Muzhappilangad (CT), CT 3258905633627249 Kannur Edakkad 7.19 4460 451 66 44 III, Mattannur (M), M 3258905634803261 Thalassery 54.32 9788 945 132 45 III, Koothuparamba (M), M 3258905634803262 Thalassery 16.76 6465 402 108 46 II, Thalassery (M), M 3258905634803263 Thalassery 23.96 19577 2096 267 47 IV, Koodali (CT), CT 3258905634627272 Thalassery Iritty 16.85 3447 288 31 48 III, Keezhallur (CT), CT 3258905634627273 Thalassery Iritty 29.02 4434 386 82 49 III, Paduvilayi (CT), CT 3258905634627274 Thalassery Koothuparamba15.08 4213 192 61 50 IV, Pathiriyad (CT), CT 3258905634627275 Thalassery Koothuparamba13.01 3914 345 59 51 IV, Mangattidam (CT), CT 3258905634627276 Thalassery Koothuparamba16.38 4169 267 84 52 IV, Kandamkunnu (CT), CT 3258905634627277 Thalassery Koothuparamba16.93 3337 271 54 53 IV, Manantheri (CT), CT 3258905634627278 Thalassery Koothuparamba17.06 3219 115 959 54 IV, Kottayam-Malabar (CT), CT 3258905634627279 Thalassery Thalassery 8.43 3815 268 61 55 IV, Eruvatti (CT), CT 3258905634627280 Thalassery Thalassery 10.41 3911 202 45 56 IV, Pinarayi (CT), CT 3258905634627281 Thalassery Thalassery 9.63 3922 360 28 57 III, Dharmadom (CT), CT 3258905634627282 Thalassery Thalassery 10.66 6751 615 56 58 III, Eranholi (CT), CT 3258905634627283 Thalassery Thalassery 10.08 6042 363 57 59 III, Kadirur (CT), CT 3258905634627284 Thalassery Thalassery 12.3 6817 366 75 60 III, Pattiom (CT), CT 3258905634627285 Thalassery Koothuparamba12.67 4661 183 11 61 IV, Mokeri (CT), CT 3258905634627286 Thalassery Koothuparamba10.53 4292 197 21 62 IV, Kolavelloor (CT), CT 3258905634627287 Thalassery Koothuparamba14.11 4372 219 62 63 IV, Panoor (CT), CT 3258905634627288 Thalassery Koothuparamba8.54 3590 139 60 64 III, Panniyannur (CT), CT 3258905634627289 Thalassery Koothuparamba10.02 4866 223 37 65 IV, New Mahe (CT), CT 3258905634627290 Thalassery Thalassery 3.66 2144 84 33 66 III, Chockli (CT), CT 3258905634627291 Thalassery Thalassery 14.24 7052 678 112 67 III, Peringathur (CT), CT 3258905634627292 Thalassery Thalassery 20.46 8201 759 71

203 STATEMENT - I Status and Growth History Sr. Class, name and civic status Population and growth rate (in brackets) of the town at the Censuses of No. of town 1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961

1 2 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 33 III, Pallikkunnu (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 11810 (0) 34 III, Elayavoor (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 6345 (0) 35 III, Chelora (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 36 III, Ancharakandy (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 37 IV, Iriveri (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 38 IV, Chala (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 39 III, Thottada (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 40 IV, Kadachira (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 41 IV, Mavilayi (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 42 IV, Peralassery (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 43 III, Muzhappilangad (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 44 III, Mattannur (M), M 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 45 III, Koothuparamba (M), M 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 46 II, Thalassery (M), M 27883 (0) 29258 (4.9) 27576 (-5.8) 30349 (10.1) 36320 (19.7) 40040 (10.2) 44763 (11.8) 47 IV, Koodali (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 48 III, Keezhallur (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 49 III, Paduvilayi (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 50 IV, Pathiriyad (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 51 IV, Mangattidam (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 52 IV, Kandamkunnu (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 53 IV, Manantheri (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 54 IV, Kottayam-Malabar (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 55 IV, Eruvatti (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 56 IV, Pinarayi (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 57 III, Dharmadom (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 58 III, Eranholi (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 59 III, Kadirur (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 60 III, Pattiom (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 61 IV, Mokeri (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 62 IV, Kolavelloor (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 63 IV, Panoor (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 64 III, Panniyannur (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 65 IV, New Mahe (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 66 III, Chockli (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 67 III, Peringathur (CT), CT 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0)

204 STATEMENT - I Status and Growth History Population and growth rate (in brackets) of the town at the Densi Sex ratio Class, name and civic status Sr. Censuses of ty of town No. 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 (2011 1991 2001 2011 Cens us)

17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 2 1 0 (0) 22101 (0) 25057 (13.4) 26965 (7.6) 27820 (0) 4067 1071 1142 1185 III, Pallikkunnu (CT), CT 33 0 (0) 25481 (0) 29239 (14.8) 31537 (7.9) 33853 (7.34) 2936 1098 1117 1186 III, Elayavoor (CT), CT 34 0 (0) 14549 (0) 17314 (19) 19566 (13) 20952 (7.08) 1846 1041 1104 1206 III, Chelora (CT), CT 35 0 (0) 0 (0) 20683 (0) 21878 (5.8) 23030 (5.27) 1491 1051 1108 1163 III, Ancharakandy (CT), CT 36 0 (0) 0 (0) 14162 (0) 15669 (10.6) 17231 (9.97) 1464 1065 1093 1189 IV, Iriveri (CT), CT 37 0 (0) 12645 (0) 14854 (17.5) 15530 (4.6)17088 (10.03) 1839 1068 1149 1220 IV, Chala (CT), CT 38 0 (0) 29474 (0) 33261 (12.9) 36358 (9.3)40818 (12.27) 2222 1095 1153 1208 III, Thottada (CT), CT 39 0 (0) 14782 (0) 16441 (11.2) 17439 (6.1) 18979 (8.83) 2390 1090 1143 1182 IV, Kadachira (CT), CT 40 0 (0) 0 (0) 11453 (0) 11954 (4.4) 12286 (2.78) 1429 1070 1119 1197 IV, Mavilayi (CT), CT 41 0 (0) 13395 (0) 15209 (13.5) 15816 (4) 16821 (6.35) 1563 1077 1119 1188 IV, Peralassery (CT), CT 42 0 (0) 14345 (0) 18812 (31.1) 21949 (16.7) 23709 (8.02) 3297 1074 1112 1162 III, Muzhappilangad (CT), CT 43 0 (0) 0 (0) 40506 (0) 44313 (9.4) 47078 (6.24) 867 1009 1046 1078 III, Mattannur (M), M 44 10305 (0) 24690 (139) 28907 (17.1) 29532 (2.2) 29619 (0.29) 1767 1094 1124 1202 III, Koothuparamba (M), M 45 68759 (53.6) 75561 (9.9) 103579 (37.1) 99387 (-4) 92558 (-6.87) 3863 1077 1125 1180 II, Thalassery (M), M 46 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 15236 (0) 904 0 0 1154 IV, Koodali (CT), CT 47 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 20440 (0) 704 0 0 1095 III, Keezhallur (CT), CT 48 0 (0) 0 (0) 17517 (0) 19190 (9.6) 20598 (7.34) 1366 1029 1065 1113 III, Paduvilayi (CT), CT 49 0 (0) 0 (0) 14737 (0) 16611 (12.7) 18008 (8.41) 1384 1065 1093 1156 IV, Pathiriyad (CT), CT 50 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 18627 (0) 1137 0 0 1116 IV, Mangattidam (CT), CT 51 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 16025 (0) 947 0 0 1122 IV, Kandamkunnu (CT), CT 52 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 14667 (0) 860 0 0 1115 IV, Manantheri (CT), CT 53 0 (0) 14519 (0) 16526 (13.8) 17501 (5.9) 19176 (9.57) 2275 1054 1108 1176 IV, Kottayam-Malabar (CT), CT 54 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 16905 (0) 1624 0 0 1176 IV, Eruvatti (CT), CT 55 0 (0) 13107 (0) 14696 (12.1) 15831 (7.7) 16801 (6.13) 1745 1081 1117 1158 IV, Pinarayi (CT), CT 56 0 (0) 23143 (0) 26705 (15.4) 29162 (9.2) 30804 (5.63) 2890 1086 1121 1202 III, Dharmadom (CT), CT 57 0 (0) 21521 (0) 23584 (9.6) 24604 (4.3) 25818 (4.93) 2561 1121 1169 1199 III, Eranholi (CT), CT 58 0 (0) 0 (0) 26586 (0) 28989 (9) 31087 (7.24) 2527 1118 1157 1232 III, Kadirur (CT), CT 59 0 (0) 0 (0) 19074 (0) 19955 (4.6) 20161 (1.03) 1591 1122 1167 1190 III, Pattiom (CT), CT 60 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 19684 (0) 1869 0 0 1178 IV, Mokeri (CT), CT 61 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 19817 (0) 1404 0 0 1175 IV, Kolavelloor (CT), CT 62 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 16288 (0) 17438 (7.06) 2042 0 1191 1226 IV, Panoor (CT), CT 63 0 (0) 0 (0) 19312 (0) 20863 (8) 22308 (6.93) 2226 1196 1181 1220 III, Panniyannur (CT), CT 64 0 (0) 32590 (0) 11939 (-63.4) 11231 (-5.9) 10986 (-2.18) 3002 1138 1188 1260 IV, New Mahe (CT), CT 65 0 (0) 0 (0) 31642 (0) 31772 (0.4) 33732 (6.17) 2369 1175 1216 1241 III, Chockli (CT), CT 66 0 (0) 0 (0) 35035 (0) 37699 (7.6) 40292 (6.88) 1969 1163 1197 1181 III, Peringathur (CT), CT 67

205 STATEMENT-II Physical Aspects and Location of Towns, 2009 Sr. Name of town Physical aspects Name of and road distance (in kms.) from No. Rainfall Temperature State HQ. District Sub-Division/ Taluk/ (in mm) (in centigrade) HQ. Tahsil / Police station/ Maximum Minimum Development Block/ Island HQ. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 Payyannur (M) 2996 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (540) Kannur (43) Taliparamba (23) 2 Taliparamba (M) 2995 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (545) Kannur (23) Taliparamba (0) 3 Karivellur (CT) 2995 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (545) Kannur (50) Taliparamba (10)

4 Pariyaram (CT) 2990 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (545) Kannur (24) Taliparamba (8) 5 Kurumathur (CT) 2990 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (545) Kannur (30) Taliparamba (10) 6 Irikkur (CT) 2990 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (550) Kannur (35) Taliparamba (35) 7 Kuttiattoor (CT) 2980 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (535) Kannur (20) Taliparamba (25) 8 Mayyil (CT) 2990 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (533) Kannur (23) Taliparamba (26) 9 Kolacherry (CT) 2990 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (530) Kannur (16) Taliparamba (16) 10 Cheleri (CT) 2990 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (530) Kannur (16) Taliparamba (18) 11 Maniyoor (CT) 2990 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (530) Kannur (16) Taliparamba (20) 12 Kannur (M) 2996 32 22 Thiruvananthapuram (515) Kannur (0) Kannur (0) 13 Kannur Cantonment 2657.7 30 23 Thiruvananthapuram (528) Kannur (1) Kannur (1) (CB) 14 Kunhimangalam (CT) 2990 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (534) Kannur (30) Kannur (30) 15 Cheruthazham (CT) 2995 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (535) Kannur (30) Kannur (30) 16 Kadannappalli (CT) 2990 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (530) Kannur (35) Kannur (35) 17 Ezhome (CT) 2990 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (538) Kannur (26) Kannur (26) 18 Madayi (CT) 2990 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (555) Kannur (38) Kannur (38) 19 Cherukunnu (CT) 2990 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (531) Kannur (16) Kannur (16) 20 Kannapuram (CT) 2995 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (530) Kannur (17) Kannur (17) 21 Narath (CT) 2995 32 27 Thiruvananthapuram (530) Kannur (13) Kannur (13) 22 Pappinisseri (CT) 2996 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (527) Kannur (12) Kannur (12) 23 Kalliasseri (CT) 2996 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (513) Kannur (13) Kannur (13) 24 Azhikode North (CT) 2995 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (524) Kannur (9) Kannur (9) 25 Azhikode South (CT) 2996 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (524) Kannur (9) Kannur (9) 26 Valapattanam (CT) 2996 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (524) Kannur (8) Kannur (8) 27 Chirakkal (CT) 2996 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (505) Kannur (5) Kannur (5) 28 Kannadiparamba (CT) 2995 29 27 Thiruvananthapuram (528) Kannur (12) Kannur (12) 29 Munderi (CT) 2996 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (525) Kannur (15) Kannur (15) 30 Kanhirode (CT) 2996 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (525) Kannur (14) Kannur (14) 31 Varam (CT) 3470 35 25 Thiruvananthapuram (538) Kannur (8) Kannur (8) 32 Puzhathi (CT) 2996 34 28 Thiruvananthapuram (515) Kannur (3) Kannur (3) 33 Pallikkunnu (CT) 2996 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (504) Kannur (9) Kannur (9) 34 Elayavoor (CT) 2996 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (525) Kannur (3) Kannur (3) 35 Chelora (CT) 2995 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (523) Kannur (8) Kannur (8) 36 Ancharakandy (CT) 2996 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (515) Kannur (16) Kannur (16) 37 Iriveri (CT) 2996 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (525) Kannur (15) Kannur (15)

206 STATEMENT-II Physical Aspects and Location of Towns, 2009 Name of and road distance (in kms.) from Railway station Bus route Name of town Sr. Nearest city with Nearest city with population of No. population of one lakh and five lakh and more more

9 10 11 12 2 1 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (30) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (120) Payyannur (0) Payyannur (0) Payyannur (M) 1 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (50) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (100) Kannur (22) Taliparamba (0) Taliparamba (M) 2 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (30) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (120) North Karivellur (0) Karivellur (CT) 3 Thrikkaripur (8) KANHANGAD (M + OG) (40) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (110) Payyannur (12) Pariyaram (0) Pariyaram (CT) 4 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (55) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (100) Kannur (30) Kurumathur (0) Kurumathur (CT) 5 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (75) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (136) Kannur (35) Irikkur (0) Irikkur (CT) 6 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (110) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (110) Kannur (20) Kuttiattoor (0) Kuttiattoor (CT) 7 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (92) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (160) Kannur (23) Mayyil (0) Mayyil (CT) 8 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (96) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (120) Kannur (16) Kolacherry (0) Kolacherry (CT) 9 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (95) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (120) Kannur (16) Cheleri (0) Cheleri (CT) 10 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (110) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (120) Kannur (16) Maniyoor (0) Maniyoor (CT) 11 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (65) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (90) Kannur (0) Kannur (0) Kannur (M) 12 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (66) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (89) Kannur (1) Kannur Kannur Cantonment 13 Cantonment (0) (CB) KANHANGAD (M + OG) (40) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (124) Ezhimala (10) Kunhimangalam (0) Kunhimangalam (CT) 14 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (36) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (119) Pazhayangadi (5) Cheruthazham (0) Cheruthazham (CT) 15 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (36) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (120) Pazhayangadi (12) Kadannappalli (0) Kadannappalli (CT) 16 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (42) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (102) Pazhayangadi (14) Ezhome (0) Ezhome (CT) 17 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (43) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (120) Pazhayangadi (10) Madayi (0) Madayi (CT) 18 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (43) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (110) Kannapuram (1) Cherukunnu (0) Cherukunnu (CT) 19 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (45) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (112) Kannapuram (0) Kannapuram (0) Kannapuram (CT) 20 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (63) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (98) Kannur (13) Narath (0) Narath (CT) 21 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (55) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (102) Pappinisseri (0) Pappinisseri (0) Pappinisseri (CT) 22 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (57) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (96) Kannapuram (8) Kalliasseri (0) Kalliasseri (CT) 23 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (59) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (96) Valapattanam (1) Azhikode North (0) Azhikode North (CT) 24 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (59) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (94) Valapattanam (4) Azhikode South (0) Azhikode South (CT) 25 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (60) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (90) Valapattanam (0) Valapattanam (0) Valapattanam (CT) 26 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (61) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (94) Chirakkal (0) Chirakkal (0) Chirakkal (CT) 27 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (65) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (102) Kannur (12) Kannadiparamba (0) Kannadiparamba (CT) 28 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (38) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (116) Kannur (15) Munderi (0) Munderi (CT) 29 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (70) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (115) Kannur (14) Kanhirode (0) Kanhirode (CT) 30 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (69) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (105) Kannur (8) Varam (0) Varam (CT) 31 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (63) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (95) Kannur (3) Puzhathi (0) Puzhathi (CT) 32 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (63) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (94) Kannur (9) Pallikkunnu (0) Pallikkunnu (CT) 33 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (67) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (97) Kannur (3) Elayavoor (0) Elayavoor (CT) 34 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (69) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (90) Kannur (8) Chelora (0) Chelora (CT) 35 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (72) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (105) Kannur (16) Ancharakandy (0) Ancharakandy (CT) 36 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (75) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (104) Kannur (15) Iriveri (0) Iriveri (CT) 37

207 STATEMENT-II Physical Aspects and Location of Towns, 2009 Sr. Name of town Physical aspects Name of and road distance (in kms.) from No. Rainfall Temperature State HQ. District Sub-Division/ Taluk/ (in mm) (in centigrade) HQ. Tahsil / Police station/ Maximum Minimum Development Block/ Island HQ. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 38 Chala (CT) 2996 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (502) Kannur (10) Kannur (10) 39 Thottada (CT) 2996 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (516) Kannur (9) Kannur (9) 40 Kadachira (CT) 2996 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (528) Kannur (8) Kannur (8) 41 Mavilayi (CT) 2996 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (521) Kannur (15) Kannur (15) 42 Peralassery (CT) 2996 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (520) Kannur (15) Kannur (15) 43 Muzhappilangad (CT) 2996 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (502) Kannur (13) Kannur (13) 44 Mattannur (M) 3526 32 25 Thiruvananthapuram (539) Kannur (27) Thalassery (21) 45 Koothuparamba (M) 3335 30 24 Thiruvananthapuram (507) Kannur (24) Thalassery (15) 46 Thalassery (M) 2570 33 22 Thiruvananthapuram (492) Kannur (23) Thalassery (0) 47 Koodali (CT) 3000 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (525) Kannur (20) Thalassery (22) 48 Keezhallur (CT) 2996 32 23 Thiruvananthapuram (540) Kannur (22) Thalassery (25) 49 Paduvilayi (CT) 3479 33 25 Thiruvananthapuram (507) Kannur (19) Thalassery (15) 50 Pathiriyad (CT) 3479 33 25 Thiruvananthapuram (504) Kannur (21) Thalassery (12) 51 Mangattidam (CT) 3479 33 25 Thiruvananthapuram (511) Kannur (19) Thalassery (19) 52 Kandamkunnu (CT) 3479 33 25 Thiruvananthapuram (525) Kannur (25) Thalassery (18) 53 Manantheri (CT) 3479 33 25 Thiruvananthapuram (520) Kannur (40) Thalassery (19) 54 Kottayam-Malabar (CT) 3479 33 25 Thiruvananthapuram (503) Kannur (22) Thalassery (11) 55 Eruvatti (CT) 3479 33 25 Thiruvananthapuram (500) Kannur (22) Thalassery (10) 56 Pinarayi (CT) 3479 33 25 Thiruvananthapuram (492) Kannur (14) Thalassery (8) 57 Dharmadom (CT) 3335 32 22 Thiruvananthapuram (495) Kannur (15) Thalassery (3) 58 Eranholi (CT) 3335 32 22 Thiruvananthapuram (482) Kannur (25) Thalassery (7) 59 Kadirur (CT) 3335 32 22 Thiruvananthapuram (499) Kannur (23) Thalassery (8) 60 Pattiom (CT) 3335 32 22 Thiruvananthapuram (506) Kannur (23) Thalassery (14) 61 Mokeri (CT) 3335 32 22 Thiruvananthapuram (500) Kannur (22) Thalassery (15) 62 Kolavelloor (CT) 3335 32 22 Thiruvananthapuram (511) Kannur (41) Thalassery (19) 63 Panoor (CT) 2570 33 22 Thiruvananthapuram (492) Kannur (33) Thalassery (11) 64 Panniyannur (CT) 2570 33 22 Thiruvananthapuram (490) Kannur (30) Thalassery (9) 65 New Mahe (CT) 2570 33 22 Thiruvananthapuram (480) Kannur (24) Thalassery (3) 66 Chockli (CT) 2570 33 22 Thiruvananthapuram (482) Kannur (32) Thalassery (10) 67 Peringathur (CT) 2570 33 22 Thiruvananthapuram (482) Kannur (29) Thalassery (14)

208 STATEMENT-II Physical Aspects and Location of Towns, 2009 Name of and road distance (in kms.) from Railway station Bus route Name of town Sr. Nearest city with Nearest city with population of No. population of one lakh and five lakh and more more

9 10 11 12 2 1 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (75) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (109) Kannur (10) Chala (0) Chala (CT) 38 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (78) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (108) Edakkad (9) Thottada (0) Thottada (CT) 39 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (78) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (104) Kannur (8) Kadachira (0) Kadachira (CT) 40 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (79) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (104) Kannur (15) Mavilayi (0) Mavilayi (CT) 41 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (75) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (82) Kannur (15) Peralassery (0) Peralassery (CT) 42 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (72) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (70) Kannur (13) Muzhappilangad (0) Muzhappilangad (CT) 43 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (82) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (96) Thalassery (21) Mattannur (0) Mattannur (M) 44 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (82) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (82) Thalassery (15) Koothuparamba (0) Koothuparamba (M) 45 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (79) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (70) Thalassery (0) Thalassery (0) Thalassery (M) 46 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (79) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (105) Kannur (22) Koodali (0) Koodali (CT) 47 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (82) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (102) Kannur (22) Keezhallur (0) Keezhallur (CT) 48 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (75) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (83) Thalassery (15) Paduvilayi (0) Paduvilayi (CT) 49 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (79) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (79) Thalassery (12) Pathiriyad (0) Pathiriyad (CT) 50 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (89) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (89) Thalassery (19) Mangattidam (0) Mangattidam (CT) 51 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (99) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (88) Thalassery (18) Kandamkunnu (0) Kandamkunnu (CT) 52 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (99) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (86) Thalassery (19) Manantheri (0) Manantheri (CT) 53 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (80) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (78) Thalassery (11) Kottayam-Malabar (0)Kottayam-Malabar (CT)54 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (77) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (77) Thalassery (10) Eruvatti (0) Eruvatti (CT) 55 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (72) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (72) Thalassery (8) Pinarayi (0) Pinarayi (CT) 56 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (70) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (70) Dharmadom (0) Dharmadom (0) Dharmadom (CT) 57 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (74) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (74) Thalassery (7) Eranholi (0) Eranholi (CT) 58 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (75) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (75) Thalassery (8) Kadirur (0) Kadirur (CT) 59 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (85) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (83) Thalassery (14) Pattiom (0) Pattiom (CT) 60 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (86) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (83) Thalassery (15) Mokeri (0) Mokeri (CT) 61 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (83) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (83) Thalassery (19) Kolavelloor (0) Kolavelloor (CT) 62 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (86) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (68) Thalassery (11) Panoor (0) Panoor (CT) 63 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (87) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (67) Thalassery (9) Panniyannur (0) Panniyannur (CT) 64 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (90) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (66) Thalassery (3) New Mahe (0) New Mahe (CT) 65 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (95) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (66) Mahe (2) Chockli (0) Chockli (CT) 66 KANHANGAD (M + OG) (98) KOZHIKODE (M Corp. + OG) (68) Mahe (5) Peringathur (0) Peringathur (CT) 67

209 STATEMENT - III Civic and other Amenities, 2009 Sr. Name of Town Road length (in System of drainage Number of latrines No. kms.) Open Closed Both -Open Nil Pit System Flush/Pour (OD) (CD) & Closed Flush (BD) (Water borne) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 Payyannur (M) 210 BD 1000 16520 2 Taliparamba (M) 307 BD 300 17008 3 Karivellur (CT) 70 BD 600 2800 4 Pariyaram (CT) 115 OD 2000 2500 5 Kurumathur (CT) 35 BD 2950 810 6 Irikkur (CT) 40 BD 950 1100 7 Kuttiattoor (CT) 76 OD 2465 2208 8 Mayyil (CT) 106 BD 1700 1000 9 Kolacherry (CT) 95 BD 1000 2600 10 Cheleri (CT) 35 BD 1000 1700 11 Maniyoor (CT) 52 BD 200 2000 12 Kannur (M) 158 OD 1000 11000 13 Kannur Cantonment (CB) 30 BD 0 751 14 Kunhimangalam (CT) 25 BD 3200 1398 15 Cheruthazham (CT) 130 BD 2000 5084 16 Kadannappalli (CT) 96 BD 10 2500 17 Ezhome (CT) 50 BD 400 4000 18 Madayi (CT) 50 BD 2826 4735 19 Cherukunnu (CT) 41 OD 2560 690 20 Kannapuram (CT) 132 BD 5000 4684 21 Narath (CT) 45 OD 100 2318 22 Pappinisseri (CT) 50 BD 2444 5702 23 Kalliasseri (CT) 80 BD 50 6500 24 Azhikode North (CT) 52 OD 14 4960 25 Azhikode South (CT) 110 BD 91 5100 26 Valapattanam (CT) 25 BD 10 1433 27 Chirakkal (CT) 100 BD 4000 5213 28 Kannadiparamba (CT) 64 BD 10 2712 29 Munderi (CT) 62 BD 500 3000 30 Kanhirode (CT) 51 BD 700 2300 31 Varam (CT) 90 BD 100 2885 32 Puzhathi (CT) 90 BD 1810 4640 33 Pallikkunnu (CT) 65 OD 300 5045 34 Elayavoor (CT) 175 BD 2800 4816 35 Chelora (CT) 102 BD 400 3400 36 Ancharakandy (CT) 70 BD 800 3500 37 Iriveri (CT) 70 OD 3130 970 38 Chala (CT) 155 BD 26 3610

210 STATEMENT - III Civic and other Amenities, 2009 Number of latrines Protected water supply Fire fighting service* Name of Town Sr. Service Others Source of supply System of storage with No. (Codes) @ capacity in kilo litres (along with Codes) @

10 11 12 13 14 2 1 0 0 CW,UW OHT(125) Yes Payyannur (M) 1 0 0 UW,CW OHT(1000) Yes Taliparamba (M) 2 0 0 UW,CW OHT(100) No,Thrikkaripur(7) Karivellur (CT) 3 0 0 TT,TU OHT(100) No,Taliparamba(8) Pariyaram (CT) 4 0 0 UW,TW/B (),BWP(100) No,Taliparamba(10) Kurumathur (CT) 5 0 0 CW,HP OHT(75),BWP(50) No,Mattannur(20) Irikkur (CT) 6 0 0 CW,R/C OHT(150),SR(100) No,Taliparamba(25) Kuttiattoor (CT) 7 0 0 TT,CW OHT(100) No,Taliparamba(26) Mayyil (CT) 8 0 0 TT,UW OHT(100) No,Kannur(16) Kolacherry (CT) 9 0 0 UW,TU OHT(125) No,Kannur(16) Cheleri (CT) 10 0 0 TT,TU OHT(150),SR(50) No,Kannur(16) Maniyoor (CT) 11 0 0 TT,UW OHT(1100),SR(680) Yes Kannur (M) 12 0 0 UW,CW OHT(1000) Yes Kannur Cantonment (CB) 13 0 0 UW,CW OHT(100) No,Kannur(30) Kunhimangalam (CT) 14 0 0 CW,TU OHT(100),BWP(50) No,Payyannur(6) Cheruthazham (CT) 15 0 0 UW,TW/B OHT(100),BWP(100) No,Payyannur(12) Kadannappalli (CT) 16 0 0 TT,TU OHT(56),SR(30) No,Kannur(26) Ezhome (CT) 17 0 0 TT,TU OHT(300),SR(100) No,Kannur(38) Madayi (CT) 18 0 0 TU,UW OHT(400) No,Kannur(16) Cherukunnu (CT) 19 0 0 UW,TW/B OHT(100) No,Kannur(17) Kannapuram (CT) 20 0 0 UW,TT OHT(60) No,Kannur(13) Narath (CT) 21 0 0 UW,HP OHT(100),BWP(40) No,Kannur(12) Pappinisseri (CT) 22 0 0 TT,CW OHT(50) No,Taliparamba(4) Kalliasseri (CT) 23 0 0 TT,TK/P/L OHT(80) No,Kannur(9) Azhikode North (CT) 24 0 0 TT,TU OHT(130) No,Kannur(9) Azhikode South (CT) 25 0 0 TT,TW/B OHT(200),BWP(50) No,Kannur(8) Valapattanam (CT) 26 0 0 TT,TW/B OHT(500),BWP(25) No,Kannur(5) Chirakkal (CT) 27 0 0 TT,CW OHT(300),BWP(50) No,Kannur(12) Kannadiparamba (CT) 28 0 0 UW,CW OHT(100) No,Kannur(15) Munderi (CT) 29 0 0 UW,TW/B OHT(50),BWP(3) No,Kannur(14) Kanhirode (CT) 30 0 0 TT,TU OHT(100) No,Kannur(8) Varam (CT) 31 0 0 TT,CW OHT(100) No,Kannur(3) Puzhathi (CT) 32 0 0 TT,UW OHT(100) No,Kannur(9) Pallikkunnu (CT) 33 0 0 CW,UW OHT(500),BWP(200) No,Kannur(3) Elayavoor (CT) 34 0 0 TT,UW OHT(100) No,Kannur(8) Chelora (CT) 35 0 0 TT,TW/B OHT(100),BWP(50) No,Kannur(16) Ancharakandy (CT) 36 0 0 TU,UW OHT(100) No,Kannur(15) Iriveri (CT) 37 0 0 CW,UW OHT(421) No,Kannur(10) Chala (CT) 38

211 STATEMENT - III Civic and other Amenities, 2009 Electrification (Number of connections) Name of Town Sr. Domestic Industrial Commercial Road lighting Others No. (points)

15 16 17 18 19 2 1 18054 291 5826 2620 1037 Payyannur (M) 1 17324 521 5159 146 910 Taliparamba (M) 2 3485 33 703 252 0 Karivellur (CT) 3 3500 3 100 200 0 Pariyaram (CT) 4 2100 150 450 300 200 Kurumathur (CT) 5 2050 100 300 400 0 Irikkur (CT) 6 3093 4 220 110 5 Kuttiattoor (CT) 7 2600 5 100 200 0 Mayyil (CT) 8 2800 10 400 350 0 Kolacherry (CT) 9 2700 10 50 70 0 Cheleri (CT) 10 2000 3 500 250 100 Maniyoor (CT) 11 13235 281 11384 4000 14 Kannur (M) 12 1000 0 100 227 0 Kannur Cantonment (CB) 13 4650 89 118 100 352 Kunhimangalam (CT) 14 5294 38 724 226 0 Cheruthazham (CT) 15 2200 10 600 100 0 Kadannappalli (CT) 16 4402 39 183 131 112 Ezhome (CT) 17 5600 619 147 400 0 Madayi (CT) 18 3200 6 150 450 43 Cherukunnu (CT) 19 5792 60 850 527 100 Kannapuram (CT) 20 2201 6 282 68 0 Narath (CT) 21 6517 747 600 580 0 Pappinisseri (CT) 22 6500 60 250 250 0 Kalliasseri (CT) 23 4900 40 280 246 0 Azhikode North (CT) 24 5040 32 344 530 0 Azhikode South (CT) 25 1412 30 205 853 0 Valapattanam (CT) 26 7000 30 678 1149 27 Chirakkal (CT) 27 2712 10 100 177 0 Kannadiparamba (CT) 28 4900 2 375 135 0 Munderi (CT) 29 3216 19 486 126 0 Kanhirode (CT) 30 2900 5 90 320 0 Varam (CT) 31 4640 216 386 418 0 Puzhathi (CT) 32 5300 2 430 173 0 Pallikkunnu (CT) 33 5314 70 400 296 0 Elayavoor (CT) 34 3461 25 214 596 0 Chelora (CT) 35 4520 10 100 200 0 Ancharakandy (CT) 36 3236 148 241 141 0 Iriveri (CT) 37 3700 32 300 369 0 Chala (CT) 38

212 STATEMENT - III Civic and other Amenities, 2009 Sr. Name of Town Road length (in System of drainage Number of latrines No. kms.) Open Closed Both -Open Nil Pit System Flush/Pour (OD) (CD) & Closed Flush (BD) (Water borne) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 39 Thottada (CT) 90 BD 2012 6800 40 Kadachira (CT) 70 BD 4344 1200 41 Mavilayi (CT) 110 BD 100 3413 42 Peralassery (CT) 137 BD 154 3900 43 Muzhappilangad (CT) 70 BD 21 4600 44 Mattannur (M) 137 BD 1683 7767 45 Koothuparamba (M) 207 BD 12 6280 46 Thalassery (M) 298 OD 500 25678 47 Koodali (CT) 40 BD 3180 1120 48 Keezhallur (CT) 60 BD 1600 2700 49 Paduvilayi (CT) 70 BD 100 4326 50 Pathiriyad (CT) 52 BD 700 3000 51 Mangattidam (CT) 55 BD 812 3495 52 Kandamkunnu (CT) 39 BD 2000 3393 53 Manantheri (CT) 25 BD 100 2549 54 Kottayam-Malabar (CT) 75 BD 1068 3010 55 Eruvatti (CT) 20 BD 1100 2797 56 Pinarayi (CT) 111 BD 500 4200 57 Dharmadom (CT) 85 BD 700 7327 58 Eranholi (CT) 68 OD 123 6258 59 Kadirur (CT) 103 BD 1300 5100 60 Pattiom (CT) 139 BD 1400 6075 61 Mokeri (CT) 98 BD 223 4238 62 Kolavelloor (CT) 47 BD 457 4894 63 Panoor (CT) 89 BD 100 3300 64 Panniyannur (CT) 92 OD 300 4200 65 New Mahe (CT) 80 OD 423 3000 66 Chockli (CT) 84 BD 267 8437 67 Peringathur (CT) 147 OD 500 9000

*In case this service is not available in the town, the name of the nearest place and its distance from the town where facility is available has been given

@Two major source only Abbreviation TT: Tap water from treated source TU:Tap water from un-treated source CW: Covered well UW: Un-covered well HP:Hand pump TW/B:Tubewell /Borehole RW:Rainwater S:Spring TK/P/L:Tank/Pond/Lake O:Others OHT:Over head Tank SR:Service Reservoir RIG:River Infiltration Gallery BWP:Bore Well Pumping system PT:Pressure Tank N\A,NA,N.A.: Not Avialable

213 STATEMENT - III Civic and other Amenities, 2009 Sr. Name of Town Number of latrines Protected water supply Fire fighting service* No Service Others Source of System of storage . supply with capacity in kilo (Codes) @ litres (along with Codes) @ 1 2 10 11 12 13 14 39 Thottada (CT) 0 0 TT,UW OHT(600),BWP(100) No,Kannur(9) 40 Kadachira (CT) 0 0 CW,TW/B OHT(450),BWP(100) No,Kannur(8) 41 Mavilayi (CT) 0 0 CW,TK/P/L OHT(400),BWP(100) No,Kannur(15) 42 Peralassery (CT) 0 0 UW,CW OHT(82) No,Kannur(15) 43 Muzhappilangad (CT) 0 0 UW,TW/B OHT(450),PT(123) No,Thalassery(7) 44 Mattannur (M) 0 0 UW,HP OHT(570),SR() Yes 45 Koothuparamba (M) 0 0 UW,TW/B OHT(150) Yes 46 Thalassery (M) 0 0 UW,TT OHT(515),SR(335) Yes 47 Koodali (CT) 0 0 UW,CW OHT(120) No,Mattannur(15) 48 Keezhallur (CT) 0 0 TT,UW OHT(100) No,Mattannur(6) 49 Paduvilayi (CT) 0 0 UW,HP OHT(570) No,Koothuparamba(10) 50 Pathiriyad (CT) 0 0 UW,HP OHT() No,Koothuparamba(10) 51 Mangattidam (CT) 0 0 UW,TU OHT(95) No,Koothuparamba(5) 52 Kandamkunnu (CT) 0 0 UW,CW OHT(200) No,Koothuparamba(4) 53 Manantheri (CT) 0 0 UW,TU OHT(150) No,Koothuparamba(10) 54 Kottayam-Malabar (CT) 0 0 UW,TU OHT(150) No,Koothuparamba(4) 55 Eruvatti (CT) 0 0 TU,UW OHT(150) No,Thalassery(10) 56 Pinarayi (CT) 0 0 TU,UW OHT(200) No,Thalassery(8) 57 Dharmadom (CT) 0 0 TT,CW OHT(700),BWP(50) No,Thalassery(3) 58 Eranholi (CT) 0 0 CW,TK/P/L OHT(500) No,Thalassery(7) 59 Kadirur (CT) 0 0 TT,CW OHT(75),BWP(100) No,Thalassery(8) 60 Pattiom (CT) 0 0 UW,TW/B OHT(518),BWP(27) No,Thalassery(14) 61 Mokeri (CT) 0 0 TT,CW OHT(250) No,Koothuparamba(6) 62 Kolavelloor (CT) 0 0 TU,UW OHT(500) No,Koothuparamba(4) 63 Panoor (CT) 0 0 TT,CW OHT(500) No,Thalassery(11) 64 Panniyannur (CT) 0 0 TT,CW OHT(775) No,Thalassery(9) 65 New Mahe (CT) 0 0 TT,TK/P/L OHT(150) No,Mahe(3) 66 Chockli (CT) 0 0 UW,CW OHT(50) No,Mahe(3) 67 Peringathur (CT) 0 0 UW,TK/P/L OHT(100) No,Thalassery(14)

*In case this service is not available in the town, the name of the nearest place and its distance from the town where facility is available has been given

@Two major source only Abbreviation TT: Tap water from treated source TU:Tap water from un-treated source CW: Covered well UW: Un-covered well HP:Hand pump TW/B:Tubewell /Borehole RW:Rainwater S:Spring TK/P/L:Tank/Pond/Lake O:Others OHT:Over head Tank SR:Service Reservoir RIG:River Infiltration Gallery BWP:Bore Well Pumping system PT:Pressure Tank N\A,NA,N.A.: Not Avialable

214 STATEMENT - III Civic and other Amenities, 2009 Electrification (Number of connections) Name of Town Sr. Domestic Industrial Commercial Road lighting Others No. (points)

15 16 17 18 19 2 1 8000 18 456 2216 0 Thottada (CT) 39 4240 25 25 196 0 Kadachira (CT) 40 3348 4 627 148 0 Mavilayi (CT) 41 4000 10 458 836 0 Peralassery (CT) 42 4480 1 728 446 0 Muzhappilangad (CT) 43 9305 96 2246 1156 128 Mattannur (M) 44 7498 187 3119 540 379 Koothuparamba (M) 45 19089 311 5597 6223 1068 Thalassery (M) 46 4164 47 860 347 0 Koodali (CT) 47 3200 58 390 400 0 Keezhallur (CT) 48 4220 42 350 360 0 Paduvilayi (CT) 49 3792 10 100 302 0 Pathiriyad (CT) 50 3625 48 225 378 118 Mangattidam (CT) 51 3600 20 10 240 0 Kandamkunnu (CT) 52 2129 83 323 492 123 Manantheri (CT) 53 3910 63 276 496 0 Kottayam-Malabar (CT) 54 3609 12 135 150 88 Eruvatti (CT) 55 3825 3 20 250 0 Pinarayi (CT) 56 8100 100 723 1200 8 Dharmadom (CT) 57 6201 58 183 425 0 Eranholi (CT) 58 5400 80 109 600 62 Kadirur (CT) 59 6293 74 825 829 0 Pattiom (CT) 60 4462 14 268 276 46 Mokeri (CT) 61 4648 18 908 312 283 Kolavelloor (CT) 62 3340 0 941 502 0 Panoor (CT) 63 5026 6 250 695 50 Panniyannur (CT) 64 2955 2 100 300 0 New Mahe (CT) 65 7500 64 1200 820 0 Chockli (CT) 66 8450 27 1015 130 22 Peringathur (CT) 67

*In case this service is not available in the town, the name of the nearest place and its distance from the town where facility is available has been given

@Two major source only Abbreviation TT: Tap water from treated source TU:Tap water from un-treated source CW: Covered well UW: Un-covered well HP:Hand pump TW/B:Tubewell /Borehole RW:Rainwater S:Spring TK/P/L:Tank/Pond/Lake O:Others OHT:Over head Tank SR:Service Reservoir RIG:River Infiltration Gallery BWP:Bore Well Pumping system PT:Pressure Tank N\A,NA,N.A.: Not Avialable

215 STATEMENT - IV Medical Facilities, 2009 Sr. Name of Town No. of Medical facilities* (with number of beds in brackets) No. Hospitals Dispensaries / Family Welfare Maternity and Maternity (Allopathic & Health Center Center Child Welfare Homes Others) Center

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 Payyannur (M) 2(180) 1(0) 5(0) 34 Kms. 40 Kms. 2 Taliparamba (M) 2(260) 4(0) 6(0) 4(0) 3(50) 3 Karivellur (CT) 8 Kms. 4 Kms. 2(0) 8 Kms. 8 Kms. 4 Pariyaram (CT) 4 Kms. 1(0) 4 Kms. 4 Kms. 4 Kms. 5 Kurumathur (CT) 8 Kms. 1(0) 1(0) 8 Kms. 8 Kms. 6 Irikkur (CT) 8 Kms. 1(0) 1(0) 12 Kms. 8 Kms. 7 Kuttiattoor (CT) 14 Kms. 1(0) 3(0) 18 Kms. 22 Kms. 8 Mayyil (CT) 11 Kms. 1(0) 1(0) 23 Kms. 15 Kms. 9 Kolacherry (CT) 2 Kms. 1(0) 1(0) 5 Kms. 5 Kms. 10 Cheleri (CT) 8 Kms. 1(5) 2(0) 6 Kms. 15 Kms. 11 Maniyoor (CT) 4 Kms. 1 Kms. 1(0) 4 Kms. 4 Kms. 12 Kannur (M) 2(125) 11(0) 8 Kms. 1(5) 12 Kms. 13 Kannur Cantonment (CB) 2(665) 5 Kms. 3 Kms. 2 Kms. 3 Kms. 14 Kunhimangalam (CT) 10 Kms. 2(0) 4(0) 6 Kms. 2 Kms. 15 Cheruthazham (CT) 1 Kms. 1(24) 4(0) 6 Kms. 6 Kms. 16 Kadannappalli (CT) 8 Kms. 2 Kms. 2(0) 12 Kms. 12 Kms. 17 Ezhome (CT) 12 Kms. 1(0) 1(0) 12 Kms. 12 Kms. 18 Madayi (CT) 11 Kms. 10 Kms. 4(0) 10 Kms. 1(0) 19 Cherukunnu (CT) 1(10) 1(0) 3 Kms. 2 Kms. 3 Kms. 20 Kannapuram (CT) 17 Kms. 2(0) 3(0) 17 Kms. 17 Kms. 21 Narath (CT) 24 Kms. 1(0) 24 Kms. 24 Kms. 24 Kms. 22 Pappinisseri (CT) 13 Kms. 1(0) 1(0) 3(0) 6 Kms. 23 Kalliasseri (CT) 13 Kms. 2(0) 2(0) 1(20) 13 Kms. 24 Azhikode North (CT) 6 Kms. 1(40) 3(0) 6 Kms. 6 Kms. 25 Azhikode South (CT) 9 Kms. 1(30) 4(0) 9 Kms. 9 Kms. 26 Valapattanam (CT) 5 Kms. 1(0) 1(0) 9 Kms. 9 Kms. 27 Chirakkal (CT) 5 Kms. 1(0) 2(0) 1(0) 5 Kms. 28 Kannadiparamba (CT) 12 Kms. 1(0) 2 Kms. 12 Kms. 2 Kms. 29 Munderi (CT) 6 Kms. 1(0) 3(0) 1(0) 10 Kms. 30 Kanhirode (CT) 3 Kms. 1(0) 1(0) 4 Kms. 3 Kms. 31 Varam (CT) 6 Kms. 1 Kms. 1 Kms. 10 Kms. 10 Kms. 32 Puzhathi (CT) 3 Kms. 1(0) 3 Kms. 3 Kms. 3 Kms. 33 Pallikkunnu (CT) 14 Kms. 1(0) 2 Kms. 2 Kms. 6 Kms. 34 Elayavoor (CT) 6 Kms. 1(10) 6 Kms. 6 Kms. 6 Kms. 35 Chelora (CT) 10 Kms. 1(0) 1(0) 10 Kms. 10 Kms. 36 Ancharakandy (CT) 12 Kms. 4 Kms. 3(0) 21 Kms. 6 Kms. 37 Iriveri (CT) 15 Kms. 1(12) 15 Kms. 15 Kms. 15 Kms. 38 Chala (CT) 10 Kms. 6 Kms. 1(0) 1(0) 10 Kms.

216 STATEMENT - IV Medical Facilities, 2009 No. of Medical facilities* (with number of beds in brackets) Charitable Medicine Name of Town Sr. T.B.Hospital/ Nursing Veterinary Mobile Others etc. Hospital/N Shop No. Clinic Homes Hospital Health ursing (Numbers) Clinic Home (Numbers) 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 18 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 6 Kms. 10 Kms. 0 30 Payyannur (M) 1 3(0) N.A. 2(0) 1(0) 14 Kms. 0 44 Taliparamba (M) 2 8 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 8 Kms. 11 Kms. 0 8 Karivellur (CT) 3 4 Kms. N.A. 4 Kms. 4 Kms. 4 Kms. 0 4 Pariyaram (CT) 4 8 Kms. N.A. 10 Kms. 10 Kms. 8 Kms. 0 4 Kurumathur (CT) 5 30 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 12 Kms. 10 Kms. 2 4 Irikkur (CT) 6 22 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 14 Kms. 15 Kms. 0 4 Kuttiattoor (CT) 7 25 Kms. N.A. 10 Kms. 25 Kms. 25 Kms. 0 3 Mayyil (CT) 8 14 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 16 Kms. 20 Kms. 1 4 Kolacherry (CT) 9 15 Kms. N.A. 5 Kms. 5 Kms. 15 Kms. 0 4 Cheleri (CT) 10 4 Kms. N.A. 4 Kms. 22 Kms. 18 Kms. 0 4 Maniyoor (CT) 11 15 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 12 Kms. 16 Kms. 1 142 Kannur (M) 12 1(0) N.A. 3 Kms. 5 Kms. 19 Kms. 0 5 Kannur Cantonment (CB) 13 8 Kms. N.A. 2(0) 5 Kms. 22 Kms. 0 4 Kunhimangalam (CT) 14 6 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 6 Kms. 20 Kms. 0 11 Cheruthazham (CT) 15 42 Kms. N.A. 3 Kms. 8 Kms. 5 Kms. 0 3 Kadannappalli (CT) 16 12 Kms. N.A. 1(1) 1(0) 1(0) 0 3 Ezhome (CT) 17 10 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 10 Kms. 6 Kms. 0 4 Madayi (CT) 18 10 Kms. N.A. 2(0) 10 Kms. 8 Kms. 0 4 Cherukunnu (CT) 19 17 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 6 Kms. 11 Kms. 1 8 Kannapuram (CT) 20 24 Kms. N.A. 24 Kms. 24 Kms. 12 Kms. 0 2 Narath (CT) 21 12 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 12 Kms. 10 Kms. 0 4 Pappinisseri (CT) 22 13 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 13 Kms. 13 Kms. 0 2 Kalliasseri (CT) 23 6 Kms. N.A. 1 Kms. 6 Kms. 14 Kms. 0 2 Azhikode North (CT) 24 9 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 9 Kms. 10 Kms. 0 7 Azhikode South (CT) 25 9 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 10 Kms. 12 Kms. 0 4 Valapattanam (CT) 26 5 Kms. N.A. 5 Kms. 5 Kms. 14 Kms. 0 5 Chirakkal (CT) 27 14 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 14 Kms. 2(0) 0 2 Kannadiparamba (CT) 28 15 Kms. N.A. 4 Kms. 15 Kms. 15 Kms. 0 4 Munderi (CT) 29 14 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 12 Kms. 10 Kms. 0 3 Kanhirode (CT) 30 10 Kms. N.A. 10 Kms. 10 Kms. 12 Kms. 1 4 Varam (CT) 31 3 Kms. N.A. 2 Kms. 3 Kms. 8 Kms. 0 8 Puzhathi (CT) 32 3 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 2 Kms. 10 Kms. 0 14 Pallikkunnu (CT) 33 6 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 6 Kms. 11 Kms. 3 12 Elayavoor (CT) 34 10 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 10 Kms. 14 Kms. 2 3 Chelora (CT) 35 21 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 21 Kms. 9 Kms. 2 3 Ancharakandy (CT) 36 15 Kms. N.A. 15 Kms. 6 Kms. 11 Kms. 0 6 Iriveri (CT) 37 28 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 8 Kms. 12 Kms. 0 2 Chala (CT) 38

217 STATEMENT - IV Medical Facilities, 2009 Sr.No. Name of Town No. of Medical facilities* (with number of beds in brackets) Hospitals Dispensaries / Family Maternity and Maternity (Allopathic & Health Center Welfare Child Welfare Homes Others) Center Center

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 39 Thottada (CT) 10 Kms. 3(0) 1(0) 8 Kms. 8 Kms. 40 Kadachira (CT) 14 Kms. 3(0) 1(0) 14 Kms. 14 Kms. 41 Mavilayi (CT) 14 Kms. 1(0) 14 Kms. 14 Kms. 14 Kms. 42 Peralassery (CT) 5 Kms. 2(0) 15 Kms. 15 Kms. 15 Kms. 43 Muzhappilangad (CT) 15 Kms. 1(0) 7 Kms. 7 Kms. 7 Kms. 44 Mattannur (M) 13 Kms. 5 Kms. 5(0) 27 Kms. 27 Kms. 45 Koothuparamba (M) 14 Kms. 6(0) 14 Kms. 14 Kms. 14 Kms. 46 Thalassery (M) 2(561) 2(0) 3(0) 1(0) 10 Kms. 47 Koodali (CT) 3 Kms. 1(0) 5 Kms. 8 Kms. 8 Kms. 48 Keezhallur (CT) 8 Kms. 1(4) 1(0) 2(0) 8 Kms. 49 Paduvilayi (CT) 8 Kms. 1(0) 2(0) 8 Kms. 20 Kms. 50 Pathiriyad (CT) 4 Kms. 1(2) 2(0) 4 Kms. 4 Kms. 51 Mangattidam (CT) 5 Kms. 2(0) 3(0) 15 Kms. 15 Kms. 52 Kandamkunnu (CT) 2 Kms. 2 Kms. 1(0) 2 Kms. 2 Kms. 53 Manantheri (CT) 6 Kms. 7 Kms. 1(0) 10 Kms. 6 Kms. 54 Kottayam-Malabar (CT) 4 Kms. 1(0) 4 Kms. 5 Kms. 11 Kms. 55 Eruvatti (CT) 10 Kms. 1(0) 1(0) 10 Kms. 10 Kms. 56 Pinarayi (CT) 3 Kms. 1(0) 2(0) 8 Kms. 8 Kms. 57 Dharmadom (CT) 3 Kms. 1(0) 3 Kms. 3 Kms. 3 Kms. 58 Eranholi (CT) 7 Kms. 1(0) 1(0) 29 Kms. 7 Kms. 59 Kadirur (CT) 12 Kms. 1(0) 6(0) 7 Kms. 7 Kms. 60 Pattiom (CT) 6 Kms. 1(0) 6 Kms. 6 Kms. 6 Kms. 61 Mokeri (CT) 4 Kms. 1(0) 4 Kms. 6 Kms. 6 Kms. 62 Kolavelloor (CT) 7 Kms. 7 Kms. 7 Kms. 19 Kms. 19 Kms. 63 Panoor (CT) 10 Kms. 6 Kms. 4(0) 11 Kms. 11 Kms. 64 Panniyannur (CT) 8 Kms. 2(0) 3(0) 8 Kms. 8 Kms. 65 New Mahe (CT) 3 Kms. 1(0) 3 Kms. 3 Kms. 3 Kms. 66 Chockli (CT) 5 Kms. 4(0) 1(0) 3 Kms. 3 Kms. 67 Peringathur (CT) 14 Kms. 2(0) 4(0) 6 Kms. 6 Kms.

*If a medical facility is not available in the town,nearest place distance from the town where facility is available has been given *N.A.:Not Available

218 STATEMENT - IV Medical Facilities, 2009 No. of Medical facilities* (with number of beds in brackets) Charitable Medicine Name of Town Sr. T.B.Hospital/ Nursing Veterinary Mobile Others etc. Hospital/N Shop No. Clinic Homes Hospital Health ursing (Numbers) Clinic Home (Numbers) 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 8 Kms. N.A. 2(0) 10 Kms. 14 Kms. 0 5 Thottada (CT) 39 14 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 12 Kms. 8 Kms. 0 8 Kadachira (CT) 40 14 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 14 Kms. 9 Kms. 0 13 Mavilayi (CT) 41 15 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 15 Kms. 12 Kms. 0 4 Peralassery (CT) 42 6 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 12 Kms. 11 Kms. 0 3 Muzhappilangad (CT) 43 27 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 13 Kms. 13 Kms. 0 8 Mattannur (M) 44 28 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 14 Kms. 12 Kms. 2 23 Koothuparamba (M) 45 20 Kms. N.A. 2(0) 10 Kms. 5 Kms. 0 63 Thalassery (M) 46 22 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 22 Kms. 1(20) 0 4 Koodali (CT) 47 8 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 8 Kms. 4 Kms. 0 11 Keezhallur (CT) 48 20 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 14 Kms. 6 Kms. 0 9 Paduvilayi (CT) 49 4 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 12 Kms. 8 Kms. 0 3 Pathiriyad (CT) 50 42 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 42 Kms. 7 Kms. 0 9 Mangattidam (CT) 51 2 Kms. N.A. 2 Kms. 2 Kms. 12 Kms. 0 4 Kandamkunnu (CT) 52 6 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 14 Kms. 10 Kms. 0 4 Manantheri (CT) 53 33 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 33 Kms. 11 Kms. 0 6 Kottayam-Malabar (CT) 54 16 Kms. N.A. 3 Kms. 10 Kms. 12 Kms. 0 3 Eruvatti (CT) 55 17 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 8 Kms. 6 Kms. 0 8 Pinarayi (CT) 56 3 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 3 Kms. 1(0) 0 3 Dharmadom (CT) 57 7 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 30 Kms. 4 Kms. 0 5 Eranholi (CT) 58 7 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 22 Kms. 6 Kms. 0 4 Kadirur (CT) 59 6 Kms. N.A. 6 Kms. 6 Kms. 4 Kms. 0 4 Pattiom (CT) 60 15 Kms. N.A. 1(0) 10 Kms. 1(0) 0 6 Mokeri (CT) 61 41 Kms. N.A. 6 Kms. 19 Kms. 6 Kms. 0 4 Kolavelloor (CT) 62 1(0) N.A. 1(0) 11 Kms. 8 Kms. 0 21 Panoor (CT) 63 8 Kms. N.A. 4 Kms. 14 Kms. 1(0) 0 3 Panniyannur (CT) 64 3 Kms. N.A. 3 Kms. 3 Kms. 6 Kms. 0 8 New Mahe (CT) 65 10 Kms. N.A. 2(0) 10 Kms. 4 Kms. 1 5 Chockli (CT) 66 6 Kms. N.A. 2(0) 10 Kms. 8 Kms. 0 5 Peringathur (CT) 67

*If a medical facility is not available in the town,nearest place distance from the town where facility is available has been given *N.A.:Not Available

219 Statement-V Educational, Recreational and Cultural Facilities, 2009 Sr. Name of Town Number of Educational Facilities* No. Primary Middle Secondry Senior Arts/ Science/ Medical Engineering school school school Secondry Commerce colleges colleges school colleges (of degree level and above)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 Payyannur (M) 13 8 9 8 2 Taliparamba(23) Taliparamba(23) 2 Taliparamba (M) 24 13 6 3 2 1 1 3 Karivellur (CT) 3 3 1 1 Payyannur(6) Taliparamba(10) Taliparamba(10) 4 Pariyaram (CT) 2 1 1 1 Taliparamba(8) 1 Taliparamba(8) 5 Kurumathur (CT) 4 2 1 Taliparamba(10) Kuttiattoor(8) Pariyaram(18) Taliparamba(10) 6 Irikkur (CT) 2 2 2 1 Kuttiattoor(6) Pariyaram(40) Taliparamba(35) 7 Kuttiattoor (CT) 7 2 1 1 1 Pariyaram(36) Taliparamba(25) 8 Mayyil (CT) 7 2 1 1 1 Pariyaram(30) Taliparamba(25) 9 Kolacherry (CT) 9 4 1 Mayyil(6) 1 Pariyaram(26) Taliparamba(16) 10 Cheleri (CT) 6 2 Maniyoor(2) Maniyoor(2) Kannur(16) 1 Taliparamba(18) 11 Maniyoor (CT) 4 4 1 1 Kannur(16) Kadannappalli(26) Taliparamba(22) 12 Kannur (M) 15 6 12 11 6 Kadannappalli(15) 1 13 Kannur Cantonment (CB) 3 2 3 3 Kannur(2) Kadannappalli(15) Kannur(1) 14 Kunhimangalam (CT) 6 3 3 3 1 Kadannappalli(8) Kannur(10) 15 Cheruthazham (CT) 14 5 2 2 3 Kadannappalli(4) Kannur(30) 16 Kadannappalli (CT) 6 1 1 1 Payyannur(12) 1 Kannur(35) 17 Ezhome (CT) 7 1 2 2 1 Kadannappalli(6) Kannur(20) 18 Madayi (CT) 16 3 4 3 1 Kadannappalli(9) Kannur(15) 19 Cherukunnu (CT) 16 1 1 1 Madayi(6) Kadannappalli(17) Kannur(13) 20 Kannapuram (CT) 6 3 3 2 Madayi(7) Kadannappalli(20) Kannur(15) 21 Narath (CT) 6 2 1 1 Puzhathi(15) Kadannappalli(20) Kannur(20) 22 Pappinisseri (CT) 6 2 2 1 Puzhathi(10) Kadannappalli(14) Kannur(12) 23 Kalliasseri (CT) 7 4 1 1 1 Kadannappalli(13) Kannur(7) 24 Azhikode North (CT) 6 4 1 1 Puzhathi(15) Kadannappalli(20) Kannur(14) 25 Azhikode South (CT) 9 1 2 2 Puzhathi(18) Ancharakandy(25) Kannur(15) 26 Valapattanam (CT) 5 3 1 1 Puzhathi(6) Ancharakandy(23) Kannur(7) 27 Chirakkal (CT) 12 6 3 Valapattanam(2) Puzhathi(6) Ancharakandy(20) Kannur(5) 28 Kannadiparamba (CT) 5 1 1 Valapattanam(12) Puzhathi(12) Ancharakandy(35) Kannur(26) 29 Munderi (CT) 8 3 Chirakkal(4) Kanhirode(4) Thottada(28) Ancharakandy(40) Kannur(24) 30 Kanhirode (CT) 7 3 1 1 Thottada(25) Ancharakandy(40) Kannur(24) 31 Varam (CT) 9 1 1 Chelora(2) Thottada(16) Ancharakandy(10) Kannur(25) 32 Puzhathi (CT) 4 4 1 1 1 Ancharakandy(30) Kannur(25) 33 Pallikkunnu (CT) 6 6 1 1 Puzhathi(1) Ancharakandy(45) Kannur(15) 34 Elayavoor (CT) 7 10 2 2 1 Ancharakandy(18) Kannur(8) 35 Chelora (CT) 9 4 1 1 Thottada(20) Ancharakandy(15) Kannur(25) 36 Ancharakandy (CT) 20 3 1 1 Thottada(21) 1 Kannur(21) 37 Iriveri (CT) 12 2 1 Ancharakandy(7) Thottada(15) Ancharakandy(8) Kannur(15)

220 Statement-V Educational, Recreational and Cultural Facilities, 2009 Number of Educational Facilities* Name of Town Sr Management Polytechnics Recognised Non-formal Special School Others . Institute/ Shorthand, Education for Disabled N colleges Typewriting Center (Sarva o. and vocational Shiksha training Abhiyan institutions Center) 10 11 12 13 14 15 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 Cherukunnu(17) Payyannur (M) 1 1 Payyannur(9) 11 1 1 Cherukunnu(14) Taliparamba (M) 2 Taliparamba(10) North Thrikkaripur(6) Taliparamba(10) Payyannur(8) Peralam(4) Cherukunnu(15) Karivellur (CT) 3 Taliparamba(8) Thottada(26) Taliparamba(8) Payyannur(12) 1 Cherukunnu(16) Pariyaram (CT) 4 Taliparamba(10) Thottada(30) Taliparamba(10) Taliparamba(10) Taliparamba(10) Cherukunnu(18) Kurumathur (CT) 5 Taliparamba(35) Thottada(26) Taliparamba(35) Taliparamba(35) Taliparamba(35) Cherukunnu(14) Irikkur (CT) 6 1 Thottada(30) Taliparamba(25) Mayyil(5) Taliparamba(25) Cherukunnu(12) Kuttiattoor (CT) 7 Taliparamba(25) Thottada(30) Taliparamba(26) 1 1 Cherukunnu(15) Mayyil (CT) 8 Taliparamba(16) Kalliassery(15) Kannur(16) Mayyil(8) Andoor(5) Cherukunnu(16) Kolacherry (CT) 9 Taliparamba(16) Thottada(20) Kannur(16) Kannur(16) Andoor(8) Cherukunnu(14) Cheleri (CT) 10 Taliparamba(22) Thottada(22) Kannur(16) Mayyil(4) Mangad(22) Cherukunnu(18) Maniyoor (CT) 11 Taliparamba(16) Thottada(18) 14 27 1 Cherukunnu(13) Kannur (M) 12 Kannur(3) Thottada(7) Kannur(2) Kannur(1) Kannur(1) Cherukunnu(14) Kannur Cantonment (CB) 13 1 Korom(10) 1 Payyannur(5) Cheruthazham(6) Cherukunnu(16) Kunhimangalam (CT) 14 Kannur(30) Korom(9) 2 1 1 Cherukunnu(18) Cheruthazham (CT) 15 Kannur(35) Korom(20) 1 Ezhome(11) Cheruthazham(5) Cherukunnu(17) Kadannappalli (CT) 16 Kannur(20) Thottada(20) 1 1 1 Cherukunnu(6) Ezhome (CT) 17 Kannur(15) Korom(14) 2 1 1 Cherukunnu(8) Madayi (CT) 18 Kannur(13) Kalliassery(15) 1 Kannur(16) Cheruthazham(20) 1 Cherukunnu (CT) 19 Kannur(15) Edakkad(23) 4 Kannur(17) Cheruthazham(16) Cherukunnu(4) Kannapuram (CT) 20 Kannur(20) Thottada(20) 1 Kannur(13) Kannur(13) Cherukunnu(5) Narath (CT) 21 Kannur(12) Kalliassery(6) 1 1 Kannur(12) Cherukunnu(8) Pappinisseri (CT) 22 Kannur(7) 1 2 1 Kannur(13) Cherukunnu(7) Kalliasseri (CT) 23 Kannur(14) Thottada(10) 5 2 Kannur(9) Cherukunnu(11) Azhikode North (CT) 24 Kannur(15) Edakkad(15) 7 Pappinisseri(6) Edakkad(15) Cherukunnu(10) Azhikode South (CT) 25 Kannur(7) Thottada(9) 6 1 Kannur(8) Pallikkunnu(16) Valapattanam (CT) 26 Kannur(5) Edakkad(14) 8 Kannur(7) Kannur(5) Pallikkunnu(15) Chirakkal (CT) 27 Kannur(26) Edakkad(20) 3 3 Kannur(12) Pallikkunnu(18) Kannadiparamba (CT) 28 Kannur(24) Edakkad(17) 4 Kannur(15) Kannur(15) Pallikkunnu(10) Munderi (CT) 29 Kannur(24) Edakkad(17) 4 Kannur(14) Kannur(14) Pallikkunnu(8) Kanhirode (CT) 30 Kannur(25) Edakkad(12) 3 Kannur(8) Elayavoor(7) Pallikkunnu(6) Varam (CT) 31 Kannur(25) Thottada(6) 4 2 Kannur(3) Pallikkunnu(3) Puzhathi (CT) 32 Kannur(15) Thottada(8) 3 1 Kannur(9) 2 Pallikkunnu (CT) 33 Kannur(8) 1 6 2 1 Pallikkunnu(4) Elayavoor (CT) 34 Kannur(25) Thottada(4) 1 Kannur(8) Kannur(8) Pallikkunnu(5) Chelora (CT) 35 Kannur(21) Thottada(21) 1 4 Kannur(16) Pallikkunnu(7) Ancharakandy (CT) 36 Kannur(15) Thottada(15) 1 Kannur(15) Kannur(15) Mavilayi(9) Iriveri (CT) 37

221 Statement-V Educational, Recreational and Cultural Facilities, 2009 Sr. No. Name of Town Number of Social, Recreational and Cultural facilities No. of Orphanage Working women's No. of Old Age Stadium Home hostles Home

1 2 16 17 18 19 1 Payyannur (M) 2 1 1 2 2 Taliparamba (M) 1 1 Pattuvam(3) 3 3 Karivellur (CT) Taliparamba(10) Payyannur(8) Kadannappalli(15) Payyannur(8) 4 Pariyaram (CT) Taliparamba(8) Taliparamba(8) 1 Payyannur(12) 5 Kurumathur (CT) Taliparamba(10) Taliparamba(10) Pattuvam(10) Morazha(20) 6 Irikkur (CT) 4 Taliparamba(35) Pattuvam(30) Taliparamba(35) 7 Kuttiattoor (CT) 1 Taliparamba(25) 1 1 8 Mayyil (CT) Taliparamba(26) 1 1 1 9 Kolacherry (CT) Thottada(23) Pallikkunnu(14) Pallikkunnu(14) 1 10 Cheleri (CT) Kannur(16) Kannur(16) Pallikkunnu(19) 1 11 Maniyoor (CT) 1 Kannur(16) Pallikkunnu(20) Kannur(16) 12 Kannur (M) 4 3 2 3 13 Kannur Cantonment (CB) 1 Kannur(1) Kannur(1) Kannur(1) 14 Kunhimangalam (CT) Alapadamba(14) 1 Kadannappalli(8) 1 15 Cheruthazham (CT) 1 Kannur(30) 1 2 16 Kadannappalli (CT) Cheruthazham(5) Kannur(35) 1 Payyannur(11) 17 Ezhome (CT) Kannur(25) Kannur(25) Kadannappalli(25) Kannur(25) 18 Madayi (CT) 5 Kannur(38) 1 1 19 Cherukunnu (CT) 1 1 1 1 20 Kannapuram (CT) Kannur(17) Kannur(17) Cherukunnu(6) Kannur(17) 21 Narath (CT) 1 Kannur(14) Pallikkunnu(14) 1 22 Pappinisseri (CT) Kannur(12) Kannur(12) Cherukunnu(8) 1 23 Kalliasseri (CT) Kannur(13) Kannur(13) Pariyaram(16) 3 24 Azhikode North (CT) Kannur(10) Puzhathi(8) 2 Azhikode South(4) 25 Azhikode South (CT) Kannur(4) Pallikkunnu(6) 1 1 26 Valapattanam (CT) 1 Puzhathi(7) Pallikkunnu(8) 1 27 Chirakkal (CT) Valapattanam(2) Puzhathi(4) Pallikkunnu(4) 1 28 Kannadiparamba (CT) Kannur(12) Kannur(12) Pallikkunnu(12) 1 29 Munderi (CT) Valapattanam(15) Puzhathi(15) Pallikkunnu(15) 1 30 Kanhirode (CT) Kannur(14) Kannur(14) Kannur(14) Mangad(13) 31 Varam (CT) Kannur(8) Kannur(8) 1 Kannur(8) 32 Puzhathi (CT) Kannur(25) 1 Kannur(25) 2 33 Pallikkunnu (CT) Kannur(15) 3 1 1 34 Elayavoor (CT) Kannur(8) 1 Kannur(8) Kannur(8) 35 Chelora (CT) Kannur(8) Kannur(8) Kannur(10) Kannur(18) 36 Ancharakandy (CT) Kannur(16) Kannur(16) 1 1 37 Iriveri (CT) Kannur(15) Kannur(15) Kannur(22) 1

222 Statement-V Educational, Recreational and Cultural Facilities, 2009 Number of Social, Recreational and Cultural facilities Name of Town Sr. No. Cinema Theatre Auditorium/ Public libraries Reading rooms Community halls

20 21 22 23 2 1 5 13 8 2 Payyannur (M) 1 4 6 12 54 Taliparamba (M) 2 Payyannur(8) 2 3 3 Karivellur (CT) 3 Payyannur(4) Taliparamba(4) 2 5 Pariyaram (CT) 4 Taliparamba(10) Taliparamba(10) 1 1 Kurumathur (CT) 5 Sreekandapuram(6) Sreekandapuram(4) 1 Sreekantapuram(5) Irikkur (CT) 6 Sreekandapuram(8) 1 4 7 Kuttiattoor (CT) 7 Kannur(23) Kayaralam(6) 1 13 Mayyil (CT) 8 Kannur(16) Kalliyassery(15) 1 1 Kolacherry (CT) 9 Kannur(16) Kannur(16) 1 6 Cheleri (CT) 10 Kannur(16) Kuttiattur(1) 2 5 Maniyoor (CT) 11 5 18 5 11 Kannur (M) 12 Kannur(1) 2 Kannur(1.5) 1 Kannur Cantonment (CB) 13 1 3 7 14 Kunhimangalam (CT) 14 2 3 2 1 Cheruthazham (CT) 15 Kunhimangalam(9) 2 1 2 Kadannappalli (CT) 16 Cherukunnu(1) 1 1 1 Ezhome (CT) 17 1 2 3 16 Madayi (CT) 18 2 3 2 5 Cherukunnu (CT) 19 2 3 11 10 Kannapuram (CT) 20 Kannur(10) Kannur(10) Kannur(10) 1 Narath (CT) 21 1 1 1 17 Pappinisseri (CT) 22 2 1 8 8 Kalliasseri (CT) 23 Kannur(8) 2 1 8 Azhikode North (CT) 24 Kannur(6) 2 4 8 Azhikode South (CT) 25 2 Chirakkal(2) Kannur(9) 1 Valapattanam (CT) 26 1 4 Kannur(5) 12 Chirakkal (CT) 27 1 2 1 5 Kannadiparamba (CT) 28 Puzhathi(15) 1 4 4 Munderi (CT) 29 Kannur(14) 1 5 4 Kanhirode (CT) 30 1 1 Kannur(10) 6 Varam (CT) 31 1 2 1 3 Puzhathi (CT) 32 5 Kannur(3) Kannur(3) 5 Pallikkunnu (CT) 33 Kannur(8) 2 11 11 Elayavoor (CT) 34 Kannur(10) 1 5 6 Chelora (CT) 35 Kannur(21) 1 11 11 Ancharakandy (CT) 36 1 1 1 1 Iriveri (CT) 37

223 Statement-V Educational, Recreational and Cultural Facilities, 2009 (Contd…) Sr. Name of Town Number of Educational Facilities* N Primary Middle Secondry Senior Arts/ Science/ Medical colleges Engineering o. school school school Secondry Commerce colleges colleges school (of degree level and above)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 38 Chala (CT) 13 4 1 1 Thottada(10) Ancharakandy(12) Kannur(10) 39 Thottada (CT) 15 7 2 1 1 Ancharakandy(15) Kannur(18) 40 Kadachira (CT) 9 4 3 3 Thottada(6) Ancharakandy(20) Kannur(30) 41 Mavilayi (CT) 5 3 Mokeri(2) Kadachira(2) Thottada(14) Ancharakandy(14) Kannur(24) 42 Peralassery (CT) 14 4 1 1 3 Ancharakandy(15) Kannur(30) 43 Muzhappilangad (CT) 6 3 1 Kannur(18) Dharmadam(5) Ancharakandy(13) Kannur(8)

44 Mattannur (M) 13 6 1 2 3 Ancharakandy(13) Kannur(42) 45 Koothuparamba (M) 15 5 4 3 3 Ancharakandy(12) Kannur(9) 46 Thalassery (M) 3 42 15 13 6 Ancharakandy(22) Kannur(7) 47 Koodali (CT) 6 3 1 1 Mattannur(15) Ancharakandy(12) Kannur(35) 48 Keezhallur (CT) 12 4 1 1 Mattannur(6) Ancharakandy(25) Kannur(22) 49 Paduvilayi (CT) 14 6 1 1 Koothuparamba(10) Ancharakandy(5) Kannur(17) 50 Pathiriyad (CT) 15 7 3 3 Koothuparamba(10) Ancharakandy(6) 1 51 Mangattidam (CT) 5 2 Vengad(3) Pathiriyad(3) Koothuparamba(5) Ancharakandy(11) Pathiriyad(19) 52 Kandamkunnu (CT) 6 3 1 1 Koothuparamba(4) Ancharakandy(20) Pathiriyad(18) 53 Manantheri (CT) 8 2 1 1 Koothuparamba(10) Ancharakandy(28) Eranholi(19) 54 Kottayam-Malabar 16 2 1 1 1 Ancharakandy(20) Eranholi(10) (CT) 55 Eruvatti (CT) 5 2 Pinarayi(3) Pinarayi(3) Koothuparamba(12) Ancharakandy(8) Eranholi(5) 56 Pinarayi (CT) 10 5 1 1 Dharmadom(9) Ancharakandy(10) Eranholi(4) 57 Dharmadom (CT) 18 6 1 1 1 Ancharakandy(25) Eranholi(3) 58 Eranholi (CT) 15 7 1 1 Thalassery(7) Ancharakandy(20) 1 59 Kadirur (CT) 24 5 2 2 Koothuparamba(10) Ancharakandy(18) Eranholi(7) 60 Pattiom (CT) 10 6 1 1 Koothuparamba(10) Pariyaram(56) Eranholi(15) 61 Mokeri (CT) 8 4 1 1 1 Ancharakandy(15) Eranholi(12) 62 Kolavelloor (CT) 8 3 1 1 Koothuparamba(4) Ancharakandy(28) Eranholi(24) 63 Panoor (CT) 16 9 4 2 1 Ancharakandy(70) Eranholi(11) 64 Panniyannur (CT) 18 4 1 Panoor(4) Dharmadom(15) Pariyaram(60) Eranholi(10) 65 New Mahe (CT) 8 2 1 1 Panoor(5) Ancharakandy(25) Eranholi(3) 66 Chockli (CT) 28 7 3 2 Panoor(5) Ancharakandy(30) Eranholi(15) 67 Peringathur (CT) 17 7 2 1 Panoor(10) Pariyaram(60) Kannur(32)

*If an educational facilitiy is not available in the town, the name of the nearest place and its distance from the town where facility is available has been given

224 Statement-V Educational, Recreational and Cultural Facilities, 2009 (Contd…) Number of Educational Facilities* Name of Town Sr. Manageme Polytechnics Recognised Non-formal Special School Others No. nt Institute/ Shorthand, Education Center for Disabled colleges Typewriting and (Sarva Shiksha vocational Abhiyan Center) training institutions 10 11 12 13 14 15 2 1 Kannur(10) Thottada(10) Kannur(10) Kannur(10) Kannur(10) Mavilayi(10) Chala (CT) 38 1 1 1 9 1 Mavilayi(8) Thottada (CT) 39 1 Edakkad(6) 1 1 1 Mavilayi(3) Kadachira (CT) 40 Thottada(100)Edakkad(10) Kannur(14) Kannur(15) Kannur(15) 4 Mavilayi (CT) 41 Thottada(6) Thottada(15) 2 1 Kannur(15) Mavilayi(2) Peralassery (CT) 42 Thottada(85) Edakkad(7) 1 Thalassery(7) Edakkad(7) Koothuparamba(8) Muzhappilangad 43 (CT) Thottada(27) 1 2 1 Dharmadom(10) Koothuparamba(6) Mattannur (M) 44 Thottada(22) Mattannur(4) 3 1 2 1 Koothuparamba (M) 45 Thottada(24) Thottada(16) 8 1 1 Koothuparamba(4) Thalassery (M) 46 Thottada(20) Edakkad(22) Keezhallur(1) Kannur(22) Dharmadom(25) Koothuparamba(6) Koodali (CT) 47 Thottada(22) Mattannur(8) 2 8 Kannur(22) Koothuparamba(10) Keezhallur (CT) 48 Thottada(22) Mattannur(16) Koothuparamba(8) 1 1 Koothuparamba(15) Paduvilayi (CT) 49 Thottada(26) Thottada(15) Thalassery(18) 1 Dharmadom(12) Koothuparamba(10) Pathiriyad (CT) 50 Thottada(29) Thottada(15) Koothuparamba(6) Koothuparamba(5) Dharmadom(24) Koothuparamba(14) Mangattidam (CT) 51 Thottada(18) Thottada(25) Koothuparamba(3) 1 1 Koothuparamba(15) Kandamkunnu (CT) 52 Thottada(22) Thottada(15) Koothuparamba(11) Koothuparamba(11) Dharmadom(28) Koothuparamba(18) Manantheri (CT) 53 Thottada(20) Thottada(16) Koothuparamba(4) 3 Dharmadom(15) Koothuparamba(11) Kottayam-Malabar 54 (CT) Thottada(18) Thottada(22) Koothuparamba(12) Koothuparamba(12) Dharmadom(12) Koothuparamba(12) Eruvatti (CT) 55 Thottada(2) Thottada(15) Thalassery(8) Koothuparamba(8) Dharmadom(8) Koothuparamba(15) Pinarayi (CT) 56 Thottada(15) Thottada(14) Thalassery(7) Thalassery(3) 1 Koothuparamba(17) Dharmadom (CT) 57 Thottada(5) Thottada(24) Kadiroor(3) Thalassery(7) Dharmadom(10) Koothuparamba(12) Eranholi (CT) 58 Thottada(40) Thottada(22) Thalassery(7) 1 Dharmadom(11) Koothuparamba(14) Kadirur (CT) 59 Thottada(15) Thottada(25) Cheruvancherry(1) Koothuparamba(6) Koothuparamba(6) Koothuparamba(10) Pattiom (CT) 60 Thottada(32) Mattannur(21) Panoor(4) Panoor(4) Dharmadom(16) Koothuparamba(15) Mokeri (CT) 61 Thottada(41) Mattannur(34) Parat(1) Panoor(7) Dharmadom(23) Koothuparamba(19) Kolavelloor (CT) 62 Thottada(16) Thottada(25) Thalassery(11) 1 Kannur(25) Koothuparamba(20) Panoor (CT) 63 Thottada(30) Edakkad(24) Thalassery(7) Panoor(4) Thalassery(10) Koothuparamba(14) Panniyannur (CT) 64 Thottada(3) Thottada(17) 1 Thalassery(3) Thalassery(3) Koothuparamba(15) New Mahe (CT) 65 Thottada(35) Edakkad(30) 1 1 Dharmadom(15) Koothuparamba(12) Chockli (CT) 66 Thottada(20) Thottada(32) Thalassery(11) Panoor(4) Thalassery(5) Koothuparamba(14) Peringathur (CT) 67

*If an educational facilitiy is not available in the town, the name of the nearest place and its distance from the town where facility is available has been given

225 Statement-V Educational, Recreational and Cultural Facilities, 2009 Sr. No. Name of Town Number of Social, Recreational and Cultural facilities No. of Orphanage Working women's No. of Old Age Stadium Home hostles Home

1 2 16 17 18 19 38 Chala (CT) Kannur(10) Kannur(10) Kannur(10) 1 39 Thottada (CT) 1 1 1 2 40 Kadachira (CT) Kannur(8) Kannur(8) 1 1 41 Mavilayi (CT) Kannur(15) Kannur(15) Kannur(14) 1 42 Peralassery (CT) Kannur(15) Kannur(15) 2 2 43 Muzhappilangad (CT) Kannur(13) Kannur(13) Thalassery(7) 1 44 Mattannur (M) 1 Koothuparamba(13) Kannur(27) 1 45 Koothuparamba (M) 1 1 1 1 46 Thalassery (M) 1 2 1 2 47 Koodali (CT) Chavasserry(20) Kannur(22) Kannur(20) Kannur(20) 48 Keezhallur (CT) Kannur(22) Kannur(22) Kannur(22) Kannur(22) 49 Paduvilayi (CT) Kannur(20) Thalassery(15) Kannur(20) Thalassery(17) 50 Pathiriyad (CT) Kannur(6) Thalassery(12) 1 (5) 51 Mangattidam (CT) Kandamkunnu(9) Thalassery(19) Koothuparamba(5) Koothuparamba(5) 52 Kandamkunnu (CT) 1 Koothuparamba(15) Koothuparamba(3) 1 53 Manantheri (CT) Kandamkunnu(3) Thalassery(19) Koothuparamba(6) 1 54 Kottayam-Malabar (CT) Kandamkunnu(8) Thalassery(11) Koothuparamba(5) 2 55 Eruvatti (CT) Thalassery(10) Thalassery(10) Thalassery(10) 2 56 Pinarayi (CT) Thalassery(8) Thalassery(8) Thalassery(10) 1 57 Dharmadom (CT) Thalassery(3) Thalassery(3) 1 1 58 Eranholi (CT) Thalassery(7) Thalassery(7) Thalassery(7) 4 59 Kadirur (CT) Thalassery(8) Thalassery(8) Thalassery(8) 1 60 Pattiom (CT) Thalassery(15) Thalassery(15) Koothuparamba(5) 2 61 Mokeri (CT) Thalassery(15) Thlassery(15) Thalassery(13) 1 62 Kolavelloor (CT) Panoor(7) Thalassery(19) Thalassery(14) 1 63 Panoor (CT) 1 Thalassery(11) Koothuparamba(9) Thalassery(11) 64 Panniyannur (CT) Thalassery(10) Thalassery(10) Thalassery(9) 1 65 New Mahe (CT) Thalassery(3) Thalassery(3) Thalassery(3) Thalassery(3) 66 Chockli (CT) Thalassery(10) Thalassery(10) Thalassery(8) 1 67 Peringathur (CT) Thalassery(14) Thalassery(14) Thalassery(13) 2

*If an educational facilitiy is not available in the town, the name of the nearest place and its distance from the town where facility is available has been given

226 Statement-V Educational, Recreational and Cultural Facilities, 2009 Number of Social, Recreational and Cultural facilities Name of Town Sr. No. Cinema Theatre Auditorium/ Public libraries Reading rooms Community halls

20 21 22 23 2 1 Kannur(10) 1 2 5 Chala (CT) 38 1 1 6 2 Thottada (CT) 39 Kannur(12) 1 3 9 Kadachira (CT) 40 Kannur(14) 1 Peralassery(3) 7 Mavilayi (CT) 41 1 4 1 17 Peralassery (CT) 42 1 2 Kannur(17) 4 Muzhappilangad (CT) 43 2 2 2 57 Mattannur (M) 44 3 3 1 16 Koothuparamba (M) 45 8 5 19 11 Thalassery (M) 46 Mattannur(10) Mattannur(3) 1 1 Koodali (CT) 47 Mattannur(5) 1 6 6 Keezhallur (CT) 48 Koothuparamba(10) 1 4 11 Paduvilayi (CT) 49 Koothuparamba(10) 1 1 4 Pathiriyad (CT) 50 Koothuparamba(5) Koothuparamba(5) 4 4 Mangattidam (CT) 51 Koothuparamba(2) Koothuparamba(2) 1 1 Kandamkunnu (CT) 52 Koothuparamba(6) 1 1 6 Manantheri (CT) 53 Koothuparamba(4) Koothuparamba(4) 4 7 Kottayam-Malabar (CT) 54 Koothuparamba(8) Koothuparamba(5) 4 14 Eruvatti (CT) 55 Thalassery(8) 1 16 29 Pinarayi (CT) 56 2 1 15 15 Dharmadom (CT) 57 1 Thalassery(7) 8 21 Eranholi (CT) 58 1 3 7 25 Kadirur (CT) 59 1 1 1 15 Pattiom (CT) 60 Panoor(4) Panoor(4) 7 11 Mokeri (CT) 61 Panoor(7) 1 2 6 Kolavelloor (CT) 62 1 2 5 9 Panoor (CT) 63 Panoor(4) Panoor(4) 9 10 Panniyannur (CT) 64 1 Thalassery(3) 2 2 New Mahe (CT) 65 1 Chokli(4) 5 5 Chockli (CT) 66 Thalassery(14) 1 6 2 Peringathur (CT) 67

*If an educational facilitiy is not available in the town, the name of the nearest place and its distance from the town where facility is available has been given

227 STATEMENT - VI Industry and Banking, 2009 Sr. Name of Town Names of three most important commodities Number of banks Number Number No National Private Co- of of non- . ised Commer opera agricultu agricultur 1st 2nd 3rd Bank cial tive ral credit al credit Bank Bank societies societies 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 Payyannur (M) Khadi Handloom Bell Metal 9 2 7 15 7 2 Taliparamba (M) Handloom Bread Curry Powder 10 0 7 0 5 3 Karivellur (CT) Rice Cloth 1 0 4 0 0 4 Pariyaram (CT) Rice Coconut Oil Rubber Products 0 1 3 0 0 5 Kurumathur (CT) Rice Coconut Oil Rubber Products 1 2 3 0 0 6 Irikkur (CT) Coconut Oil 1 1 4 0 1 7 Kuttiattoor (CT) Granite 1 0 1 0 0 8 Mayyil (CT) Coconut Oil 1 0 8 1 0 9 Kolacherry (CT) Laterite Stone 0 1 5 0 0 10 Cheleri (CT) Coconut Oil 0 2 3 0 0 11 Maniyoor (CT) Clothes 1 1 5 1 0 12 Kannur (M) Textiles Beedi Plywood 31 11 12 3 26 13 Kannur Cantonment (CB) 0 0 1 0 0 14 Kunhimangalam (CT) Handloom Coir Products Bell Metal 1 0 3 0 0 15 Cheruthazham (CT) Rice Coconut Oil Cashew nut 2 0 8 0 0 16 Kadannappalli (CT) Tarpolin Sheet 0 0 2 0 1 17 Ezhome (CT) Plywood Rice Flake Prawns 4 1 3 0 1 18 Madayi (CT) Coconut Oil Processed Fish 3 1 3 0 0 19 Cherukunnu (CT) Plywood Coir Coconut Oil 0 1 3 1 0 20 Kannapuram (CT) Handloom Bakery Products Clay Products 2 1 3 1 0 21 Narath (CT) Handloom Blackboard 0 1 3 0 0 22 Pappinisseri (CT) Tiles Plywood Handloom 3 1 2 0 0 23 Kalliasseri (CT) Handloom Plywood Beedi 1 1 4 0 0 24 Azhikode North (CT) Handloom Plywood Blockboard 0 0 5 0 3 25 Azhikode South (CT) Handloom Metal products Blockboard 2 0 5 1 0 26 Valapattanam (CT) Handloom Plywood Processed Fish 2 2 1 1 0 27 Chirakkal (CT) Textile Beedi Blockboard 6 2 7 0 4 28 Kannadiparamba (CT) Handloom Blackboard 1 0 3 0 4 29 Munderi (CT) Handloom Leather Bag Beedi 0 0 3 0 2 30 Kanhirode (CT) Handloom Leather Bag Beedi 1 0 3 0 0 31 Varam (CT) Leather Beedi Handloom 0 0 6 0 2 32 Puzhathi (CT) Handloom Beedi Plywood 3 2 3 0 0 33 Pallikkunnu (CT) Textiles Beedi Milk Products 2 0 2 1 1 34 Elayavoor (CT) Handloom 3 0 1 0 3 35 Chelora (CT) Coconut oil Paddy Cashew nut 0 0 6 0 1 36 Ancharakandy (CT) Beedi Thread Cinnamon Oil 2 0 5 2 6 37 Iriveri (CT) Beedi Handloom 0 1 6 0 0 38 Chala (CT) Beedi Handloom 1 0 4 0 1 39 Thottada (CT) Handloom Coir Beedi 1 0 18 1 0 40 Kadachira (CT) Coconut Products Beedi Handloom 2 0 14 1 2 41 Mavilayi (CT) Curry Powder Beedi Farm Manure 0 0 7 1 0 42 Peralassery (CT) Beedi Handloom Coir 2 0 2 1 2 43 Muzhappilangad (CT) Handloom Beedi Coir 1 0 3 0 1 44 Mattannur (M) Coconut oil Cashew nut Rubber Products 4 1 4 3 6 45 Koothuparamba (M) Handloom Beedi Banian 5 3 10 1 4

228 STATEMENT - VI Industry and Banking, 2009 Sr. Name of Town Names of three most important commodities Number of banks Number Number No National Private Co- of of non- . ised Commer opera agricultu agricultur 1st 2nd 3rd Bank cial tive ral credit al credit Bank Bank societies societies 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 46 Thalassery (M) Handloom Beedi Wood Vineers 6 7 18 1 2 47 Koodali (CT) Handloom Beedi 0 0 2 0 0 48 Keezhallur (CT) Plywood Textiles Hollow Bricks 1 0 2 0 0 49 Paduvilayi (CT) Coconut Oil Handloom PVC Pipe 1 1 4 0 0 50 Pathiriyad (CT) Handloom Hollow Bricks 1 0 5 1 4 51 Mangattidam (CT) Coconut oil 0 0 2 1 0 52 Kandamkunnu (CT) Cashew nut 0 1 2 0 0 53 Manantheri (CT) Housing Articles 0 0 2 0 1 54 Kottayam-Malabar (CT) Handloom Beedi Food Products 0 1 1 1 0 55 Eruvatti (CT) Beedi Handloom Food Product 0 0 4 0 0 56 Pinarayi (CT) Beedi Clothes Food Products 1 1 1 0 0 57 Dharmadom (CT) Plastic Goods Beedi Coir 1 0 2 0 1 58 Eranholi (CT) Beedi Steel Vessels Handloom 0 0 3 0 7 59 Kadirur (CT) Beedi Handloom Garments 2 1 2 0 2 60 Pattiom (CT) Ayurvedic MedicinesHandloom Copra 1 0 4 0 0 61 Mokeri (CT) Wooden articles Handloom 1 0 3 0 0 62 Kolavelloor (CT) Pickles Furniture 1 0 5 0 0 63 Panoor (CT) Pepper Copra 2 1 1 2 6 64 Panniyannur (CT) Furniture Beedi 1 0 4 1 0 65 New Mahe (CT) Banian Cloth Handloom Prawn 1 0 2 0 0 66 Chockli (CT) Copra 1 0 4 0 0 67 Peringathur (CT) Coconut Oil 2 0 7 0 0

229 STATEMENT - VII Civic and other amenities in Slums, 2009 Sr.No. Class and Name of the slum Is it No. of Population of Paved System of drainage name of notified households the Slum roads (in Open Closed Both Nil town (approximate) (approximate) kms.) (Open & Closed)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Nil

STATEMENT - VII Civic and other amenities in Slums, 2009 Sr.No. Class and Number of latrines Community No. of tap Electricity (Number of connections) name of Private points/ public Domestic Road Others town Pit Flush/ Service Others hydrants lighting System Pour installed for (points) Flush supply of (Water protected borne) water 1 2 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Nil

Appendix To Town Directory Towns showing their Outgrowth with population

Sl.No. Name of Town with Location Population of Core Town Name of Outgrowth Population of Code Outgrowth 1 2 3 4 5

NIL

230

ORGI-KERALA English - (10-2011)

Directorate of Census Operations, Kerala C.G.O. Complex, Poonkulam Vellayani P.O. Thiruvananthapuram-695 522

Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.censusindia.gov.in