QUBIC e LITEBIRD Preventivi 2020

Sezione Milano Bicocca QUBIC: Q and U Bolometric Interferometer for Cosmology QUBIC : STATUS: •QUBIC aims at measuring the •The QUBIC demonstrator (final polarization of the cosmic microwave instrument with reduced optics and background, using the original 1/4 of the detectors) has been method of bolometric interferometry. integrated and tested at APC Paris. •QUBIC is an international •Bolometric interferometry has been collaboration involving universities demonstrated for the first time in a and laboratories in France, Italy, CMB polarimeter Argentina, the U.K. and the U.S.A.; the •All the components of the detection PI is J.C. Hamilton @ APC Paris. chain perform as expected. •In Italy, QUBIC is supported by INFN •A general review is planned for the and involves the sections of Roma1, fall, and shipment to the Roma2, Milano, Milano Bicocca. measurement site in Argentina •The national coordinator is prof. immediately after. Silvia Masi (Roma1). See http://qubic.in2p3.fr/QUBIC/Home.html See also astro-ph/1609.04372 -QUBIC technical design report QUBIC: scientific target • Anisotropic Thomson scattering of CMB photons at recombination produces a faint linear polarization degree of the CMB. • The symmetry properties of the CMB polarization patter depend on the characteristics of the perturbations of the metric. • Density perturbations (originating structures) produce an irrotational pattern of linear polarization (E-modes) •Tensor perturbations (gravitational waves) produce also a curl pattern of linear polarization (B-modes): a signature of cosmic inflation. International Context

QUBIC is the only interferometer in this list ! QUBIC: instrument concept QUBIC HW implementation: main features QUBIC FI Mirrors Manufactured, verified and ready to be shipped to Paris

Cost ~10k€

First estimate was 100k€

Smart solution: mold manufacturer instead of mirror manufacturer QUBIC FI Horns Manufactured by UNIMI, characterized by UNIMIB @ 150 and 220 GHz (in September) HORN-ID TYPE OF MEASUREMENT

C-19 E-Plane, H-Plane, CrossPolar E-17 E-Plane, H-Plane F-3 E-Plane, H-Plane, CrossPolar, ± π/4 planes F-8 E-Plane, H-Plane J-1 E-Plane, H-Plane K-11 E-Plane, H-Plane, CrossPolar, ± π/4 planes L-16 E-Plane, H-Plane O-14 E-Plane, H-Plane, CrossPolar P-5 E-Plane, H-Plane S-19 E-Plane, H-Plane V-10 E-Plane, H-Plane QUBIC switch coils problem

TD switch array was assembled using coils and blades procured by APC in 2016

UNIMIB manufacturedTD switch mechanics (APC design) with INFN funding

UNIMIB designed and manufactured switch electronics (TD and FI) with INFN funding

UNIMIB positively tested TD switch @ 4K inside UNIMIB cryofacility

In October 2018 TD switch and electronics were sent to APC for integration QUBIC switch TD test

TD switch was tested in the UNIMIB cryofacility @4K (nominal T=1K)

4 out of 64 switch marked as not working

The in-house electronics (ready for FI but some connectors and cables) successfully operates and read the switch position via phase delay QUBIC switch coils problem

In July 2018 it was clear that the original solenoids TO5 size weren’t available any more.

The spare funding for FI switches and cryogenic cables were given back to CSN2 (20k€) waiting for a solution.

Many alternatives were evaluated, all of them too big to fit the available room (horns have been already manufactured)

A solution was found last spring: microminiaturized BISTABLE shutters manufactured by TAKANO Japan.

Already tested a sample @5K. No problem (24k cycles).

Unit cost is 130$ + shipping and taxes

Unit cost for 500 is 55€ + shipping and taxes QUBIC switch coils problem

Already found a mechanical arrangement (and in production in house) for the TD switch.

Footprint is the same for FI.

We are working on PCB.

What to do: • Finalize FI mechanical design (manufacturer already under contract) • Finalize PCB design (both TD and FI) • Acquire TAKANO shutters • Acquire shutter blades (Lasertech) • Adapt electronics UNIMIB unit 2020 requests

Apparatuses: • 40k€ for TAKANO shutters • 6k€ for external harness

Consumables: UNIMIB unit 2020 FTE • 5(+1)k€ pcb for FI (cost driven by microD connectors) • 1k€ AISI shutter blades 100µm thick Mario Zannoni 20% • 0.5k€ AISI micro-screws Massimo Gervasi 20% Federico Nati 20% Travels: • 4.5(+1.5)k€ To Paris (0.75k€ per person per mission of 3 days) • 6k€ To Argentina (3k€ per person per mission of 10 days)

Maintenance: • 0(+6.5k€) VNA periodic maintenance