Walt Disney and His Influence in the American Society.”
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UNIVERSIDAD DE CUENCA FACULTAD DE FILOSOFÍA, LETRAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACIÓN ESCUELA DE LENGUA Y LITERATURA INGLESA “WALT DISNEY AND HIS INFLUENCE IN THE AMERICAN SOCIETY.” ABSTRACT “Walt Disney and his Influence in the American Society” is a complex topic that is explained in different aspects. All of them are based on special circumstances which are indispensable to understand the beginning, development, and success of this legendary figure. In Chapter One, there is a clear explanation of Disney´s genealogy from 1824 until 1903, his family, education, jobs, voluntary activities, personal life, some exemplifications of his first attempts at artistic talent, and his death. In Chapter Two, there are some definitions of animated cartoons. We analyze the first optical toys as a great asset in the progress of cartoons. Additionally, there is a description of some Disney´s contributions to motion pictures. In Chapter Three, there is a description of Disney´s imagination which is based on folk literature. There is an analysis relied on some of the most important Disney´s creations. In Chapter Four, there is a description of the establishment of the Disney Company in Hollywood. This AUTORAS: ROSA ELENA NIOLA SANMARTÌN MIRIAM ELIZABETH RIVERA CAJAMARCA 1 UNIVERSIDAD DE CUENCA FACULTAD DE FILOSOFÍA, LETRAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACIÓN ESCUELA DE LENGUA Y LITERATURA INGLESA “WALT DISNEY AND HIS INFLUENCE IN THE AMERICAN SOCIETY.” Company had some wonderful achievements which were a great contribution to the world. However, complicated situations and company failures were present through its development. In the Golden Age of Animation, there were some important Disney characters which represent a great asset in the evolution of sound. Chapter Five, basically covers the impact that Disney had on other people´s thinking by means of his creations. Moreover, Disney provided a great contribution in education, TV and theater. The Disney parks which attract the attention of lots of people are analyzed in few words. KEY WORDS: Infancy, adolescence, family, animation, motion pictures, best films, achievements, company, golden age, influence, America, amusement parks, education, fame. AUTORAS: ROSA ELENA NIOLA SANMARTÌN MIRIAM ELIZABETH RIVERA CAJAMARCA 2 UNIVERSIDAD DE CUENCA FACULTAD DE FILOSOFÍA, LETRAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACIÓN ESCUELA DE LENGUA Y LITERATURA INGLESA “WALT DISNEY AND HIS INFLUENCE IN THE AMERICAN SOCIETY.” CONTENTS INTRODUCCION.............................................................12 CHAPTER I WALT DISNEY BIOGRAPHY 1.1 THE DISNEY GENERATIONS..................................15 1.2 DISNEY´S LIFE FROM 1901 TO 1925.....................22 1.2.1 Infancy…........................................................22 1.2.2 Adolescence...................................................30 1.2.3 Walt Disney in World War I.............................39 1.2.4 Disney`s own family………………..................48 1.2.5 Walt as an artist.............................….............56 1.3 WALT DISNEY IN KANSAS CITY.............................60 1.3.1 Walt as a cartoonist........................................61 1.3.2 Walt Disney death..........................................69 CHAPTER II ANIMATED CARTOONS 2.1DEFINITIONS.............................................................81 2.2 THE MOST IMPORTANT CARTOONS AND AUTORAS: ROSA ELENA NIOLA SANMARTÌN MIRIAM ELIZABETH RIVERA CAJAMARCA 3 UNIVERSIDAD DE CUENCA FACULTAD DE FILOSOFÍA, LETRAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACIÓN ESCUELA DE LENGUA Y LITERATURA INGLESA “WALT DISNEY AND HIS INFLUENCE IN THE AMERICAN SOCIETY.” FILMS IN HISTORY................................................84 2.3 PROCESS OF CARTOON FILMS............................93 2.3.1Primitive Animation..........................................94 2.3.2Motion pictures..............................................103 2.3.3Sound and Color System...............................106 2.4. FILM ADVANCES THROUGH DISNEY ANIMATION...........................................110 CHAPTER III WALT DISNEY ANIMATION 3.1CREATIONS OF WALT DISNEY.............................116 3.2 ANALYSIS OF DISNEY´S MOST SUCCESSFUL CREATIONS.....................116 3.2.1 Mickey Mouse: creation, development, and success..........................119 3.2.2 Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs..............126 3.2.3 Donald the Duck...........................................132 3.2.4 Fantasia........................................................140 3.2.5 Pinocchio......................................................153 3.2.6 Alice in Wonderland.....................................157 3.2.7 Silly Symphonies..........................................162 3.2.8 Bambi...........................................................181 AUTORAS: ROSA ELENA NIOLA SANMARTÌN MIRIAM ELIZABETH RIVERA CAJAMARCA 4 UNIVERSIDAD DE CUENCA FACULTAD DE FILOSOFÍA, LETRAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACIÓN ESCUELA DE LENGUA Y LITERATURA INGLESA “WALT DISNEY AND HIS INFLUENCE IN THE AMERICAN SOCIETY.” 3.3. OTHER CREATIONS OF WALT DISNEY AND THEIR IMPORTANCE............................................191 CHAPTER IV THE WALT DISNEY COMPANY 4.1 THE BEGINNING OF WALT DISNEY IN HOLLYWOOD...................................................202 4.2 SUCCESS AND FAILURES OF THE DISNEY COMPANY................................209 4.3 BANK OF AMERICA...............................................220 4.4 THE GOLDEN AGE OF ANIMATION......................228 4.5 ACADEMY AWARDS..............................................234 4.6 THE DISNEY COMPANY IN HOLLYWOOD...........242 4.7 THE DISNEY COMPANY TODAY..........................245 CHAPTER V INFLUENCE OF WALT DISNEY IN AMERICAN SOCIETY AUTORAS: ROSA ELENA NIOLA SANMARTÌN MIRIAM ELIZABETH RIVERA CAJAMARCA 5 UNIVERSIDAD DE CUENCA FACULTAD DE FILOSOFÍA, LETRAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACIÓN ESCUELA DE LENGUA Y LITERATURA INGLESA “WALT DISNEY AND HIS INFLUENCE IN THE AMERICAN SOCIETY.” 5.1 AMERICANS AND WALT DISNEY.........................253 5.2. DISNEY AND EDUCATION...................................272 5.2.1 The California Institute of the Arts................275 5.2.2 Disney Educational Programs......................278 5.3. DISNEY INFLUENCE ON DIFFERENT ASPECTS.........................................285 5.3.1. Disney and Theatre.....................................286 5.3.2. Disney and Television.................................292 5.4. DISNEY PARKS.....................................................308 5.4.1.Disneyland....................................................309 5.4.2.DisneyWorld.................................................316 5.4.3. Disneyland Paris..........................................320 5.4.4Tokyo Disneyland......................................... 322 5.5. DISNEY COMPANY AFTER DISNEY´S DEATH................................................326 5.6 WALT DISNEY AS A LEGEND...............................331 CONCLUSIONS............................................................337 BIBLIOGRAPHY............................................................340 NOTES..........................................................................343 AUTORAS: ROSA ELENA NIOLA SANMARTÌN MIRIAM ELIZABETH RIVERA CAJAMARCA 6 UNIVERSIDAD DE CUENCA FACULTAD DE FILOSOFÍA, LETRAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACIÓN ESCUELA DE LENGUA Y LITERATURA INGLESA “WALT DISNEY AND HIS INFLUENCE IN THE AMERICAN SOCIETY.” UNIVERSIDAD DE CUENCA FACULTAD DE FILOSOFÍA, LETRAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACIÓN ESCUELA DE LENGUA Y LITERATURA INGLESA “WALT DISNEY AND HIS INFLUENCE IN THE AMERICAN SOCIETY.” Tesis previa a la obtención del Título de Licenciada en Ciencias de la Educación en la Especialización de Lengua y Literatura Inglesa. AUTORAS: ROSA ELENA NIOLA SANMARTÌN MIRIAM ELIZABETH RIVERA CAJAMARCA DIRECTOR: DR. FABIÁN RODAS P. CUENCA - ECUADOR 2010 AUTORAS: ROSA ELENA NIOLA SANMARTÌN MIRIAM ELIZABETH RIVERA CAJAMARCA 7 UNIVERSIDAD DE CUENCA FACULTAD DE FILOSOFÍA, LETRAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACIÓN ESCUELA DE LENGUA Y LITERATURA INGLESA “WALT DISNEY AND HIS INFLUENCE IN THE AMERICAN SOCIETY.” ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all, we thank God for giving us life and intelligence to develop this thesis. We are also very grateful to Carol Dubs since she became the light in our path, for sharing her knowledge and experience with us, for her dedication and patience throughout the duration of this thesis, and her big heart and affection to us. To Dr. Fabian Rodas for his work and advice in the writing of the thesis. Also to our parents and family for their unconditional support. Finally, our regards to all of those who helped us in any respect during this achievement. AUTORAS: ROSA ELENA NIOLA SANMARTÌN MIRIAM ELIZABETH RIVERA CAJAMARCA 8 UNIVERSIDAD DE CUENCA FACULTAD DE FILOSOFÍA, LETRAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACIÓN ESCUELA DE LENGUA Y LITERATURA INGLESA “WALT DISNEY AND HIS INFLUENCE IN THE AMERICAN SOCIETY.” DEDICATION It is a pleasure to dedicate this thesis to those who made this work possible: First of all, I owe my deepest gratitude to my mother, María, whose strength, wisdom, and support motivated me from the beginning until the end of my academic career. Also, I am heartily thankful to my husband, Jovanny, who helped me with his patience and affection to face off all the adversities in the development of this thesis. Finally, to my daughter, Melany, who inspirited me with her innocence and tenderness to accomplish this investigation. AUTORAS: ROSA ELENA NIOLA SANMARTÌN MIRIAM ELIZABETH RIVERA CAJAMARCA 9 UNIVERSIDAD DE CUENCA FACULTAD DE FILOSOFÍA, LETRAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACIÓN ESCUELA DE LENGUA Y LITERATURA INGLESA