Hyperinflation in Venezuela: How to Address the Problem
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Uncertainty and Hyperinflation: European Inflation Dynamics After World War I
FEDERAL RESERVE BANK OF SAN FRANCISCO WORKING PAPER SERIES Uncertainty and Hyperinflation: European Inflation Dynamics after World War I Jose A. Lopez Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco Kris James Mitchener Santa Clara University CAGE, CEPR, CES-ifo & NBER June 2018 Working Paper 2018-06 https://www.frbsf.org/economic-research/publications/working-papers/2018/06/ Suggested citation: Lopez, Jose A., Kris James Mitchener. 2018. “Uncertainty and Hyperinflation: European Inflation Dynamics after World War I,” Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco Working Paper 2018-06. https://doi.org/10.24148/wp2018-06 The views in this paper are solely the responsibility of the authors and should not be interpreted as reflecting the views of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco or the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Uncertainty and Hyperinflation: European Inflation Dynamics after World War I Jose A. Lopez Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco Kris James Mitchener Santa Clara University CAGE, CEPR, CES-ifo & NBER* May 9, 2018 ABSTRACT. Fiscal deficits, elevated debt-to-GDP ratios, and high inflation rates suggest hyperinflation could have potentially emerged in many European countries after World War I. We demonstrate that economic policy uncertainty was instrumental in pushing a subset of European countries into hyperinflation shortly after the end of the war. Germany, Austria, Poland, and Hungary (GAPH) suffered from frequent uncertainty shocks – and correspondingly high levels of uncertainty – caused by protracted political negotiations over reparations payments, the apportionment of the Austro-Hungarian debt, and border disputes. In contrast, other European countries exhibited lower levels of measured uncertainty between 1919 and 1925, allowing them more capacity with which to implement credible commitments to their fiscal and monetary policies. -
No Room for Debate the National Constituent Assembly and the Crumbling of the Rule of Law in Venezuela
No Room for Debate The National Constituent Assembly and the Crumbling of the Rule of Law in Venezuela July 2019 Composed of 60 eminent judges and lawyers from all regions of the world, the International Commission of Jurists promotes and protects human rights through the Rule of Law, by using its unique legal expertise to develop and strengthen national and international justice systems. Established in 1952 and active on the five continents, the ICJ aims to ensure the progressive development and effective implementation of international human rights and international humanitarian law; secure the realization of civil, cultural, economic, political and social rights; safeguard the separation of powers; and guarantee the independence of the judiciary and legal profession. ® No Room for Debate - The National Constituent Assembly and the Crumbling of the Rule of Law in Venezuela © Copyright International Commission of Jurists Published in July 2019 The International Commission of Jurists (ICJ) permits free reproduction of extracts from any of its publications provided that due acknowledgment is given and a copy of the publication carrying the extract is sent to its headquarters at the following address: International Commission of Jurists P.O. Box 91 Rue des Bains 33 Geneva Switzerland No Room for Debate The National Constituent Assembly and the Crumbling of the Rule of Law in Venezuela This report was written by Santiago Martínez Neira, consultant to the International Commission of Jurists. Carlos Ayala, Sam Zarifi and Ian Seiderman provided legal and policy review. This report was written in Spanish and translated to English by Leslie Carmichael. 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary ............................................................................................... -
Topics in Applied Economics VII: Economic History
Topics in Applied Economics VII: Economic History 2017-2018 Academic Year Master of Research in Economics, Finance and Management 1. Description of the subject Topics in Applied Economics VII Code: 32366 Total credits: 3 ECTS Workload: 75 hours Term: 3rd Type of subject: Optative Department of Economics and Business Teaching team: Claudia Rei (Vanderbilt University) Topics in Applied Economics VII 2. Teaching guide Introduction This course explores topics of interest to economic historians such as the long run international convergence/divergence pattern, institutions and property rights, the industrial revolution, population growth and migration, inequality, and cultural persistence. We focus mostly on the West and the specificities that allowed for its rise so to understand the region’s long-term economic success. To this end, we will first study historical changes in the medieval economy and then focus on the consequences of the industrial revolution. Students will have the opportunity of getting familiar with recent (and not so recent but classic) economic history research, understanding the methodology used in the economic analysis, and applying the economics concepts learned in Micro and Macro Theory Contents The reading list fully based on paper that can be accessed online through the university network. Every paper denoted by * will be discussed by the instructor during the class. Every paper denoted by # will be discussed in class by a student or a group of students. Non-marked papers are listed for interested students who would like to know more on a given topic. Every paper denoted by * or # can be covered in the final exam. THE FIELD OF ECONOMIC HISTORY Carlos, A. -
2015 Financials
CONTENTS ANNUAL REPORT 2015 AND 2014 6 CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 9 DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPANY 11 DIRECTORS 12 INVESTMENT PERFORMANCE 17 DESCRIPTION OF MAJOR INVESTMENTS 31 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 5 MONEDA CHILE FUND LIMITED INVESTMENT FUND CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT Dear Investors: I would like to report on the results of Moneda Chile Fund in the fiscal year ending December 31, 2015. In 2015, the external setting was again adverse for Latin America: growth continued to shift from emerging countries to developed countries; fears about the Chinese economy were on the rise; there was an excess supply on the oil and other commodities markets; and there was a real possibility of the Fed putting an end to its monetary stimulus. This led to a crash in the prices of the raw materials exported by the region. The region’s economies also faced a decline in important external financial conditions. So, the growth of Latin America in 2015 was estimated to be -0.3%. In Chile, the economy grew 2.1% in 2015, similar to the growth in 2014 (1.9%). The worsening outlook abroad contributed to the slow growth, with a drop in the price of copper from US$3.11/lb in 2014 to US$2.50/lb in 2015. Also adversely impacting were the rise in taxes under the tax reform passed the previous year and the great uncertainty associated with the proposed labor reforms and new constitution. This prolonged the low level of confidence seen in the private sector that prevented a recovery in domestic demand and braked the export effort driven by the strong real devaluation in the peso (14.4%). -
Alba and Free Trade in the Americas
CUBA AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF ALTERNATIVE GLOBAL TRADE SYSTEMS: ALBA AND FREE TRADE IN THE AMERICAS LARRY CATÁ BACKER* & AUGUSTO MOLINA** ABSTRACT The ALBA (Alternativa Bolivariana para los Pueblos de Nuestra América) (Bolivarian Alternative for The People of Our America), the command economy alternative to the free trade model of globalization, is one of the greatest and least understood contributions of Cuba to the current conversation about globalization and economic harmonization. Originally conceived as a means for forging a unified front against the United States by Cuba and Venezuela, the organization now includes Nicaragua, Honduras, Dominica, and Bolivia. ALBA is grounded in the notion that globalization cannot be left to the private sector but must be overseen by the state in order to maximize the welfare of its citizens. The purpose of this Article is to carefully examine ALBA as both a system of free trade and as a nexus point for legal and political resistance to economic globalization and legal internationalism sponsored by developed states. The Article starts with an examination of ALBA’s ideology and institutionalization. It then examines ALBA as both a trade organization and as a political vehicle for confronting the power of developed states in the trade context within which it operates. ALBA remains * W. Richard and Mary Eshelman Faculty Scholar and Professor of Law, Dickinson Law School; Affiliate Professor, School of International Affairs, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania; and Director, Coalition for Peace & Ethics, Washington, D.C. The author may be contacted at [email protected]. An earlier version of this article was presented at the Conference, The Measure of a Revolution: Cuba 1959-2009, held May 7–9, 2009 at Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada. -
The Oppressive Pressures of Globalization and Neoliberalism on Mexican Maquiladora Garment Workers
Pursuit - The Journal of Undergraduate Research at The University of Tennessee Volume 9 Issue 1 Article 7 July 2019 The Oppressive Pressures of Globalization and Neoliberalism on Mexican Maquiladora Garment Workers Jenna Demeter The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/pursuit Part of the Business Administration, Management, and Operations Commons, Business Law, Public Responsibility, and Ethics Commons, Economic History Commons, Gender and Sexuality Commons, Growth and Development Commons, Income Distribution Commons, Industrial Organization Commons, Inequality and Stratification Commons, International and Comparative Labor Relations Commons, International Economics Commons, International Relations Commons, International Trade Law Commons, Labor and Employment Law Commons, Labor Economics Commons, Latin American Studies Commons, Law and Economics Commons, Macroeconomics Commons, Political Economy Commons, Politics and Social Change Commons, Public Economics Commons, Regional Economics Commons, Rural Sociology Commons, Unions Commons, and the Work, Economy and Organizations Commons Recommended Citation Demeter, Jenna (2019) "The Oppressive Pressures of Globalization and Neoliberalism on Mexican Maquiladora Garment Workers," Pursuit - The Journal of Undergraduate Research at The University of Tennessee: Vol. 9 : Iss. 1 , Article 7. Available at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/pursuit/vol9/iss1/7 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by -
On Israel's "Hyperinflation"
SAE./No.127/September 2018 Studies in Applied Economics ON ISRAEL'S "HYPERINFLATION" Tal Boger Johns Hopkins Institute for Applied Economics, Global Health, and the Study of Business Enterprise On Israel's \Hyperinflation” Tal Boger∗ Johns Hopkins University Institute for Applied Economics, Global Health, and the Study of Business Enterprise. September 2018. Abstract Affected by the worldwide ”Stagflation” of the 1970s caused by sharp oil price rises in 1973 and 1979, Israel experienced elevated inflation rates in the 1970s. These inflation rates not only continued but also accelerated into the 1980s, as Israel saw its inflation hit triple digits at the turn of the decade. This inflation worsened, and peaked in 1984 and 1985. Noticing the sharply rising in- flation rates in Israel, many journalists and academics dubbed Israel's bout of inflation a hyperinflation, and have questioned its exclusion from the Hanke-Krus World Hyperinfla- tion Table. However, an analysis of Israel's CPI data - as reported by the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics - shows that Israel's inflation rates fell short of hyperinflation by a sizable margin. Analyzing Israel's primary CPI data, we find conclusive evidence that Israel did not hyperinflate in the 1980s, despite many credible analyses to the contrary. Keywords: Hyperinflation, Israeli inflation 1. Introduction On October 14, 1984, Hobart Rowen wrote an article for The Washington Post titled \Israel's Hyperinflation: Ravaged State of Economy a Threat to Israel's Survival." In the article, Rowen writes that \[Israel] now must deal with the reality of a hyperinflation that is running over 400 percent, and in a few days may be measured at the incomprehensible level ∗Tal Boger is a senior at Beth Tfiloh Dahan Community High School. -
The Bulgarian Financial Crisis of 1996/1997
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Berlemann, Michael; Nenovsky, Nikolay Working Paper Lending of first versus lending of last resort: The Bulgarian financial crisis of 1996/1997 Dresden Discussion Paper Series in Economics, No. 11/03 Provided in Cooperation with: Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Business and Economics Suggested Citation: Berlemann, Michael; Nenovsky, Nikolay (2003) : Lending of first versus lending of last resort: The Bulgarian financial crisis of 1996/1997, Dresden Discussion Paper Series in Economics, No. 11/03, Technische Universität Dresden, Fakultät Wirtschaftswissenschaften, Dresden This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/48137 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, -
Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and Subsidiaries
Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. y subsidiarias (Cifras expresadas en miles de pesos chilenos) COMPAÑÍA CERVECERÍAS UNIDAS S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Figures expressed in thousands of Chilean pesos) As of and for the year ended December 31, 2018 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM To the Board of Directors and shareholders of Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position of Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2018, including the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December, 31, 2018 in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the COSO. -
Study Abroad for Economic Majors PSU Allows Students to Participate
Study Abroad for Economic Majors PSU allows students to participate in any study abroad program that is good for them – the following are only suggestions. Short Term: PSU short term faculty-led programs change from year to year. Keep an eye out for posters and announcements in your classes to learn about short term faculty led programs. K-State and KU and other universities’ short term study abroad programs are open to PSU students. These also change from year to year. Summer Programs available through PSU’s affiliate organizations: (deadline to apply – March 1st for summer abroad): API – most courses taught in English – http://www.apistudyabroad.com/ • England – London: Introductory Macroeconomics, Essential Statistics for Economics and Econometrics, Intermediate Macroeconomics, Introduction to Econometrics, Public Finance, Development Economics, International Economics IFSA Butler – most courses taught in English – www.ifsa-butler.org • England – Cambridge: Introduction to Finance and Methods of Quantitative Analysis, Financial Markets and Institutions • England – Sussex: Global Economic Issues, Introduction to Development Economics, Corporate Finance - Financial Strategic Planning GlobaLinks – most courses taught in English – globalinksabroad.org • Australia – Adelaide: East Asian Economies II, Sports Economics III, Semester Programs: (deadline to apply October 1st for spring abroad, March 1st for fall abroad): Exchange Partner Universities: Finland: University of Oulu – http://www.oulu.fi/english/studentexchange/studying Classes -
Causes, Solutions and References for the Subprime Lending Crisis
Vol. 1, No. 2 International Journal of Economics and Finance Causes, Solutions and References for the Subprime Lending Crisis Caiying Tian School of Accounting, Shandong Economic University Ji’nan 250014, China E-mail: [email protected] Abstract The subprime lending crisis and a series of relative problems have aroused wide concerns by various governments, especially by financial institutions, which have begun to suspect the easy money policy, the risk regulation of financial institution, and the rating agency. Based on the analysis of the cause of the subprime lending crisis, using foreign solutions for references, some advices were proposed in the article for China to face the financial crisis, i.e. guiding by the Basel agreement, disposing the relationship between financial innovation and risk regulation, establishing the independent currency policy frame, and recovering the market liquidity and confidence. Keywords: Subprime lending crisis, Currency policy, Financial regulation 1. Cause of formation of US subprime lending crisis 1.1 Too easy-money policy The current fluctuation of financial market has been induced by the global easy monetary management since the beginning of the year of 2002. Easy currency policy, increasingly progressive financial technology, continually ascending risk burden and financial lever boosted the current mess together. Especially, when the prices of various assets rise, the international credit can be gained freely by a cheap price. These too easy global credit conditions reflect the mutual function among the currency policy, the exchange rate system selected by some countries (especially by the developing countries with abundant labor forces), and the important change of the global financial system. -
Economics.Pdf
Economics 1 ECONOMICS Anne B Royalty Associate Professor G Bryan School of Business and Economics Martin Sparre Andersen Dora GichevaG 462 Bryan Building Christopher Aaron SwannG 336-256-1010 Martijn Van HasseltG http://economics.uncg.edu Assistant Professor Anne Royalty, Department Head Nir Eilam Dora Gicheva, Graduate Program Director Marie C. HullG Sebastian Laumer Mission Timothy Ryan Moreland G The Department of Economics supports the teaching, research, and Matthew Arnold Schaffer service missions of the university and the Bryan School of Business and Senior Lecturer Economics. The department’s undergraduate courses and programs G Jeff K. Sarbaum prepare students for the competitive global marketplace, career and professional development, and graduate education. Its innovative Lecturer graduate programs, the M.A. in Applied Economics and the Ph.D. in Eric S Howard Economics with a focus on applied microeconomics, provide students with a mastery of advanced empirical and analytical methods so they can G Graduate-level faculty conduct high-quality research and contribute to the knowledge base in business, government, nonprofit, and research settings. The department • Economics, B.A. (https://catalog.uncg.edu/business-economics/ conducts high-quality nationally recognized research that supports its economics/economics-ba/) academic programs, promotes economic understanding, and fosters • Economics, B.S. (https://catalog.uncg.edu/business-economics/ economic development in the Triad and in the State. economics/economics-bs/) • Economics Undergraduate Minor (https://catalog.uncg.edu/business- Undergraduate economics/economics/economics-minor/) Economics is a discipline concerned with the choices made by people, • Applied Economics, M.A. (https://catalog.uncg.edu/business- firms, and governments and with public policies that affect those economics/economics/applied-economics-ma/) choices including protection of the environment, the quality and cost of health care, business productivity, inflation and unemployment, poverty, • Economics, Ph.D.