Shaping of T Cell Functions by Trogocytosis
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity Riiia and Mediate Γ
Effector Memory αβ T Lymphocytes Can Express Fc γRIIIa and Mediate Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity This information is current as Béatrice Clémenceau, Régine Vivien, Mathilde Berthomé, of September 27, 2021. Nelly Robillard, Richard Garand, Géraldine Gallot, Solène Vollant and Henri Vié J Immunol 2008; 180:5327-5334; ; doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.180.8.5327 http://www.jimmunol.org/content/180/8/5327 Downloaded from References This article cites 43 articles, 21 of which you can access for free at: http://www.jimmunol.org/content/180/8/5327.full#ref-list-1 http://www.jimmunol.org/ Why The JI? Submit online. • Rapid Reviews! 30 days* from submission to initial decision • No Triage! Every submission reviewed by practicing scientists • Fast Publication! 4 weeks from acceptance to publication by guest on September 27, 2021 *average Subscription Information about subscribing to The Journal of Immunology is online at: http://jimmunol.org/subscription Permissions Submit copyright permission requests at: http://www.aai.org/About/Publications/JI/copyright.html Email Alerts Receive free email-alerts when new articles cite this article. Sign up at: http://jimmunol.org/alerts The Journal of Immunology is published twice each month by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc., 1451 Rockville Pike, Suite 650, Rockville, MD 20852 Copyright © 2008 by The American Association of Immunologists All rights reserved. Print ISSN: 0022-1767 Online ISSN: 1550-6606. The Journal of Immunology Effector Memory ␣ T Lymphocytes Can Express Fc␥RIIIa and Mediate Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity1 Be´atrice Cle´menceau,*† Re´gine Vivien,*† Mathilde Berthome´,*† Nelly Robillard,‡ Richard Garand,‡ Ge´raldine Gallot,*† Sole`ne Vollant,*† and Henri Vie´2*† Human memory T cells are comprised of distinct populations with different homing potential and effector functions: central memory T cells that mount recall responses to Ags in secondary lymphoid organs, and effector memory T cells that confer immediate protection in peripheral tissues. -
Trogocytosis of Peptide–MHC Class II Complexes from Dendritic Cells Confers Antigen-Presenting Ability on Basophils
Trogocytosis of peptide–MHC class II complexes from dendritic cells confers antigen-presenting ability on basophils Kensuke Miyakea, Nozomu Shiozawaa, Toshihisa Nagaoa, Soichiro Yoshikawaa, Yoshinori Yamanishia, and Hajime Karasuyamaa,1 aDepartment of Immune Regulation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8510, Japan Edited by Ruslan Medzhitov, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, and approved December 7, 2016 (received for review September 26, 2016) Th2 immunity plays important roles in both protective and allergic function as antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and induce Th2 dif- responses. Nevertheless, the nature of antigen-presenting cells ferentiation in cooperation with basophil-derived IL-4. responsible for Th2 cell differentiation remains ill-defined com- Reports from three independent groups further expanded the pared with the nature of the cells responsible for Th1 and Th17 cell role for basophils in Th2 differentiation and demonstrated in differentiation. Basophils have attracted attention as a producer of three distinct experimental settings that basophils, rather than Th2-inducing cytokine IL-4, whereas their MHC class II (MHC-II) DCs, are the critical APCs for driving Th2 differentiation (5–7). expression and function as antigen-presenting cells are matters of In all settings, basophils expressed both MHC class II (MHC-II) considerable controversy. Here we revisited the MHC-II expression and costimulatory molecules (CD80, CD86, or CD40) necessary for on basophils and explored its functional relevance in Th2 cell APC function, and could process and present antigens. Depletion differentiation. Basophils generated in vitro from bone marrow of basophils but not DCs abolished Th2 differentiation in vivo. -
A Novel CD4+ CTL Subtype Characterized by Chemotaxis and Inflammation Is Involved in the Pathogenesis of Graves’ Orbitopa
Cellular & Molecular Immunology www.nature.com/cmi ARTICLE OPEN A novel CD4+ CTL subtype characterized by chemotaxis and inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of Graves’ orbitopathy Yue Wang1,2,3,4, Ziyi Chen 1, Tingjie Wang1,2, Hui Guo1, Yufeng Liu2,3,5, Ningxin Dang3, Shiqian Hu1, Liping Wu1, Chengsheng Zhang4,6,KaiYe2,3,7 and Bingyin Shi1 Graves’ orbitopathy (GO), the most severe manifestation of Graves’ hyperthyroidism (GH), is an autoimmune-mediated inflammatory disorder, and treatments often exhibit a low efficacy. CD4+ T cells have been reported to play vital roles in GO progression. To explore the pathogenic CD4+ T cell types that drive GO progression, we applied single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq), T cell receptor sequencing (TCR-Seq), flow cytometry, immunofluorescence and mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assays to evaluate CD4+ T cells from GO and GH patients. scRNA-Seq revealed the novel GO-specific cell type CD4+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), which are characterized by chemotactic and inflammatory features. The clonal expansion of this CD4+ CTL population, as demonstrated by TCR-Seq, along with their strong cytotoxic response to autoantigens, localization in orbital sites, and potential relationship with disease relapse provide strong evidence for the pathogenic roles of GZMB and IFN-γ-secreting CD4+ CTLs in GO. Therefore, cytotoxic pathways may become potential therapeutic targets for GO. 1234567890();,: Keywords: Graves’ orbitopathy; single-cell RNA sequencing; CD4+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes Cellular & Molecular Immunology -
Understanding the Immune System: How It Works
Understanding the Immune System How It Works U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Cancer Institute Understanding the Immune System How It Works U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Cancer Institute NIH Publication No. 03-5423 September 2003 www.niaid.nih.gov www.nci.nih.gov Contents 1 Introduction 2 Self and Nonself 3 The Structure of the Immune System 7 Immune Cells and Their Products 19 Mounting an Immune Response 24 Immunity: Natural and Acquired 28 Disorders of the Immune System 34 Immunology and Transplants 36 Immunity and Cancer 39 The Immune System and the Nervous System 40 Frontiers in Immunology 45 Summary 47 Glossary Introduction he immune system is a network of Tcells, tissues*, and organs that work together to defend the body against attacks by “foreign” invaders. These are primarily microbes (germs)—tiny, infection-causing Bacteria: organisms such as bacteria, viruses, streptococci parasites, and fungi. Because the human body provides an ideal environment for many microbes, they try to break in. It is the immune system’s job to keep them out or, failing that, to seek out and destroy them. Virus: When the immune system hits the wrong herpes virus target or is crippled, however, it can unleash a torrent of diseases, including allergy, arthritis, or AIDS. The immune system is amazingly complex. It can recognize and remember millions of Parasite: different enemies, and it can produce schistosome secretions and cells to match up with and wipe out each one of them. -
Late Stages of T Cell Maturation in the Thymus
ARTICLES Late stages of T cell maturation in the thymus involve NF-B and tonic type I interferon signaling Yan Xing, Xiaodan Wang, Stephen C Jameson & Kristin A Hogquist Positive selection occurs in the thymic cortex, but critical maturation events occur later in the medulla. Here we defined the precise stage at which T cells acquired competence to proliferate and emigrate. Transcriptome analysis of late gene changes suggested roles for the transcription factor NF-B and interferon signaling. Mice lacking the inhibitor of NF-B (IB) kinase (IKK) kinase TAK1 underwent normal positive selection but exhibited a specific block in functional maturation. NF-B signaling provided protection from death mediated by the cytokine TNF and was required for proliferation and emigration. The interferon signature was independent of NF-B; however, thymocytes deficient in the interferon- (IFN-) receptor IFN-R showed reduced expression of the transcription factor STAT1 and phenotypic abnormality but were able to proliferate. Thus, both NF-B and tonic interferon signals are involved in the final maturation of thymocytes into naive T cells. T cell development occurs in the thymus, which provides a unique reside predominantly in the medulla; however, not all SP thymocytes microenvironment and presents ligands consisting of self peptide and are equivalent. major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules to T cell anti- CD24hiQa2lo SP thymocytes have been defined as ‘semi-mature’ gen receptors (TCRs). In the cortex of the thymus, low-affinity TCR and have been shown to be susceptible to apoptosis when triggered interactions initiate positive selection signals in CD4+CD8+ double- through the TCR6. -
PD-L1 and B7-1 Cis-Interaction: New Mechanisms in Immune Checkpoints and Immunotherapies
Trends in Molecular Medicine Opinion PD-L1 and B7-1 Cis-Interaction: New Mechanisms in Immune Checkpoints and Immunotherapies Christopher D. Nishimura,1,6 Marc C. Pulanco,1,6 Wei Cui,2 Liming Lu,3 and Xingxing Zang1,4,5,* Immune checkpoints negatively regulate immune cell responses. Programmed Highlights cell death protein 1:programmed death ligand 1 (PD-1:PD-L1) and cytotoxic Dysregulation of immune checkpoints T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4):B7-1 are among the most important contributes to the pathogenesis of immune checkpoint pathways, and are key targets for immunotherapies that cancer, autoimmunity, and organ trans- plant rejection by mediating undesired seek to modulate the balance between stimulatory and inhibitory signals to lead immune responses. to favorable therapeutic outcomes. The current dogma of these two immune checkpoint pathways has regarded them as independent with no interactions. The limited long-term therapeutic effi- However, the newly characterized PD-L1:B7-1 ligand–ligand cis-interaction and cacy of immunotherapies targeting immune checkpoints underscores the its ability to bind CTLA-4 and CD28, but not PD-1, suggests that these pathways need to better understand the underlying have significant crosstalk. Here, we propose that the PD-L1:B7-1 cis-interaction biology of these proteins. brings novel mechanistic understanding of these pathways, new insights into – mechanisms of current immunotherapies, and fresh ideas to develop better Immune checkpoint receptor ligand interactions most commonly occur in treatments in a variety of therapeutic settings. trans (e.g., the receptor and ligand are expressed on two different cells). The newly characterized PD-L1:B7-1 interac- tion occurs in cis (e.g., the receptor and Immune Checkpoint Blockade ligandareexpressedonthesamecell). -
CD29 Identifies IFN-Γ–Producing Human CD8+ T Cells with an Increased Cytotoxic Potential
+ CD29 identifies IFN-γ–producing human CD8 T cells with an increased cytotoxic potential Benoît P. Nicoleta,b, Aurélie Guislaina,b, Floris P. J. van Alphenc, Raquel Gomez-Eerlandd, Ton N. M. Schumacherd, Maartje van den Biggelaarc,e, and Monika C. Wolkersa,b,1 aDepartment of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; bLandsteiner Laboratory, Oncode Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; cDepartment of Research Facilities, Sanquin Research, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; dDivision of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and eDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Haemostasis, Sanquin Research, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands Edited by Anjana Rao, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, and approved February 12, 2020 (received for review August 12, 2019) Cytotoxic CD8+ T cells can effectively kill target cells by producing therefore developed a protocol that allowed for efficient iso- cytokines, chemokines, and granzymes. Expression of these effector lation of RNA and protein from fluorescence-activated cell molecules is however highly divergent, and tools that identify and sorting (FACS)-sorted fixed T cells after intracellular cytokine + preselect CD8 T cells with a cytotoxic expression profile are lacking. staining. With this top-down approach, we performed an un- + Human CD8 T cells can be divided into IFN-γ– and IL-2–producing biased RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and mass spectrometry cells. Unbiased transcriptomics and proteomics analysis on cytokine- γ– – + + (MS) analyses on IFN- and IL-2 producing primary human producing fixed CD8 T cells revealed that IL-2 cells produce helper + + + CD8 Tcells. -
Investigating the Role of CR3 in Trogocytosis of Trichomonas Vaginalis Cells by Neutrophil-Like Cells
Investigating the role of CR3 in trogocytosis of Trichomonas vaginalis cells by Neutrophil-like cells. Senior Thesis California State Polytechnic University, Department of Biology Aljona Leka Team Members: Jose Moran Mercer Lab Spring 2020 Table of Contents 1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. Results a) PLB-985 cells differentiate into Neutrophil-like cells b) Strategy for functional deletion of CD11b c) Generation of CD11b knockout cell lines with CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing system showed low cell viability post transfection d) NLCs kill T. vaginalis in the presence of human serum e) NLCs kill T. vaginalis in the presence of heat inactivated human serum 4. Methods a. Promyelocytic cell lines and culture b. Immunolabeling for CD11b and CD18 c. Generation of genetically modified cells d. Culturing transfectants e. Single cell dilution f. Culturing T. vaginalis cells g. Cytotoxicity assay h. Plasmid Construction i. Isolating the px459construct for transfection 5. Discussion 6. References 7. Acknowledgements 8. Supporting information Abstract Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis) causes the non-viral sexually transmitted infection (STI), trichomoniasis. Trichomoniasis affected almost 276.4 million people globally in 2008 alone, with most incidents occurring in underserved communities. The main curative treatment for T. vaginalis is an antibiotic, Metronidazole, though antibiotic resistance is on the rise. Neutrophils are the first responders against T. vaginalis, killing the parasite through a recently discovered process called trogocytosis, in which the neutrophils “nibble” on the parasite’s membrane leading to killing of the parasite. However, current literature lacks the knowledge of which molecular components are involved in trogocytosis of T. vaginalis. Trogocytosis is a contact- dependent process mediated through opsonins, specifically iC3b, which serves as a tag to make the pathogens “tasty” for the neutrophils. -
Download Helper and Cytotoxic T Cells.Pdf
Category: Cells Helper and Cytotoxic T cells Original author: Tracy Hussell, University of Manchester, UK UpdatedMelissa Bedard, by: Hannah MRC Jeffery,Human Immunology University of Unit, Birmingham University of Oxford T cells are so called because they are predominantly produced in the thymus. They recognise foreign particles (antigen) by a surface expressed, highly variable, T cell receptor (TCR). There are two major types of T cells: the helper T cell and the cytotoxic T cell. As the names suggest helper T cells ‘help’ other cells of the immune system, whilst cytotoxic T cells kill virally infected cells and tumours. Unlike antibody, the TCR cannot bind antigen directly. Instead it needs to have broken-down peptides of the antigen ‘presented’ to it by an antigen presenting cell (APC). The molecules on the APC that present the antigen are called major histocompatibility complexes (MHC). There are two types of MHC: MHC class I and MHC class II. MHC class I presents to cytotoxic T cells; MHC class II presents to helper T cells. The binding of the TCR to the MHC molecule containing the antigen peptide is a little unstable and so co-receptors are required. The CD4 co-receptor (left image, below) is expressed by helper T cells and the CD8 co-receptor (right image, below) by cytotoxic T cells. Although most T cells express either CD4 or CD8, some express both and proportion do not express either (“double negative” (DN)). Most T cells are defined as CD4 or CD8 but some are classified into additional types such as invariant Natural Killer T cells (iNKT), and Mucosal Associated Invariant T cells (MAIT) The TCR is made up of multiple chains to assist the transmission of the signal to the T cell. -
Cross-Tissue Immune Cell Analysis Reveals Tissue-Specific Adaptations and Clonal Architecture 2 Across the Human Body
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.28.441762; this version posted April 28, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC 4.0 International license. 1 Cross-tissue immune cell analysis reveals tissue-specific adaptations and clonal architecture 2 across the human body 3 Authors: 4 Domínguez Conde C1, *, Gomes T 1,*, Jarvis LB2, *, Xu C 1,*, Howlett SK 2, Rainbow DB 2, Suchanek O3 , 5 King HW 4, Mamanova L 1, Polanski K 1, Huang N1 , Fasouli E 1, Mahbubani KT 5, Prete M 1, Campos L 1,6, 6 Mousa HS 2, Needham EJ 2, Pritchard S 1,, Li T 1,, Elmentaite R 1,, Park J 1,, Menon DK 7, Bayraktar OA 1, 7 James LK 4, Meyer KB 1,, Clatworthy MR 1,3, Saeb-Parsy K 5,#, Jones JL 2, #, Teichmann SA 1,8, # 8 Affiliations: 9 1. Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK 10 2. Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge 11 3. Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK 12 4. Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK 13 5. Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research 14 Centre, Cambridge, UK 15 6. West Suffolk Hospital NHS Trust, Bury Saint Edmunds, UK 16 7. Department of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK 17 8. Theory of Condensed Matter, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of 18 Cambridge, Cambridge, UK 19 *Co-first authors 20 #Corresponding authors 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.28.441762; this version posted April 28, 2021. -
T Cells Via Trogocytosis + Apcs Onto CD8 Programmed Death Ligand 1
Antigen-Specific Transfer of Functional Programmed Death Ligand 1 from Human APCs onto CD8+ T Cells via Trogocytosis This information is current as Regina Gary, Simon Voelkl, Ralf Palmisano, Evelyn Ullrich, of October 1, 2021. Jacobus J. Bosch and Andreas Mackensen J Immunol 2012; 188:744-752; Prepublished online 14 December 2011; doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1101412 http://www.jimmunol.org/content/188/2/744 Downloaded from Supplementary http://www.jimmunol.org/content/suppl/2011/12/14/jimmunol.110141 Material 2.DC1 http://www.jimmunol.org/ References This article cites 44 articles, 23 of which you can access for free at: http://www.jimmunol.org/content/188/2/744.full#ref-list-1 Why The JI? Submit online. • Rapid Reviews! 30 days* from submission to initial decision • No Triage! Every submission reviewed by practicing scientists by guest on October 1, 2021 • Fast Publication! 4 weeks from acceptance to publication *average Subscription Information about subscribing to The Journal of Immunology is online at: http://jimmunol.org/subscription Permissions Submit copyright permission requests at: http://www.aai.org/About/Publications/JI/copyright.html Email Alerts Receive free email-alerts when new articles cite this article. Sign up at: http://jimmunol.org/alerts The Journal of Immunology is published twice each month by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc., 1451 Rockville Pike, Suite 650, Rockville, MD 20852 Copyright © 2012 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. All rights reserved. Print ISSN: 0022-1767 Online ISSN: 1550-6606. The Journal of Immunology Antigen-Specific Transfer of Functional Programmed Death Ligand 1 from Human APCs onto CD8+ T Cells via Trogocytosis Regina Gary,* Simon Voelkl,* Ralf Palmisano,† Evelyn Ullrich,* Jacobus J. -
Trogocytosis of Peptide–MHC Class II Complexes from Dendritic Cells Confers Antigen-Presenting Ability on Basophils
Trogocytosis of peptide–MHC class II complexes from dendritic cells confers antigen-presenting ability on basophils Kensuke Miyakea, Nozomu Shiozawaa, Toshihisa Nagaoa, Soichiro Yoshikawaa, Yoshinori Yamanishia, and Hajime Karasuyamaa,1 aDepartment of Immune Regulation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8510, Japan Edited by Ruslan Medzhitov, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, and approved December 7, 2016 (received for review September 26, 2016) Th2 immunity plays important roles in both protective and allergic function as antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and induce Th2 dif- responses. Nevertheless, the nature of antigen-presenting cells ferentiation in cooperation with basophil-derived IL-4. responsible for Th2 cell differentiation remains ill-defined com- Reports from three independent groups further expanded the pared with the nature of the cells responsible for Th1 and Th17 cell role for basophils in Th2 differentiation and demonstrated in differentiation. Basophils have attracted attention as a producer of three distinct experimental settings that basophils, rather than Th2-inducing cytokine IL-4, whereas their MHC class II (MHC-II) DCs, are the critical APCs for driving Th2 differentiation (5–7). expression and function as antigen-presenting cells are matters of In all settings, basophils expressed both MHC class II (MHC-II) considerable controversy. Here we revisited the MHC-II expression and costimulatory molecules (CD80, CD86, or CD40) necessary for on basophils and explored its functional relevance in Th2 cell APC function, and could process and present antigens. Depletion differentiation. Basophils generated in vitro from bone marrow of basophils but not DCs abolished Th2 differentiation in vivo.