sign in sign up
<<
Home , Fuel cell, Toyota Mirai

Increase your H2IQ! What is a cell?

Takes in and puts electricity and water vapor out

Produces electricity without combustion

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 2 Fuel cells are more energy efficient

Twice as efficient as a gasoline and water out of tailpipe

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 3 What is hydrogen?

Lightest of all gases and a versatile, clean and flexible energy carrier

Produced from diverse domestic resources and used in many applications

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 4 Hydrogen’s energy content High energy by mass, low energy by volume

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 5 Why hydrogen and fuel cells? Efficient Uses domestic

Internal combustion . engine in a car 20%–30% . Renewable sources (wind, solar, , etc.) Fuel cell in a car 60% . Nuclear . Coal Efficiency Convenient Quiet Clean

Refuels in minutes No noise in operation Zero tailpipe emissions Versatile and easily scalable

Transportation Stationary

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 6 Real world applications—in the U.S.

First fuel cell fleet at airport in Memphis

Photo Credit: UPS Fuel cell delivery and parcel trucks starting World’s first fuel cell for deliveries in CA and NY maritime ports in Hawaii

Photo Credit: FedEx Photo Credit: Sandia National Laboratories

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 7 Real Worldworld Applicationsapplications –—Inin the the U.S. U.S.

Fuel cell powered lights at Fuel cell buses in surpass Super Bowl in CA 19M passengers

Photo Credit: NREL Industry demonstrates first ZH2: U.S. Army and GM collaboration heavy-duty fuel cell truck in CA First of its kind

Photo Credit: Photo Credit:

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 8 Real Worldworld Applicationsapplications –—Inin the the U.S. U.S.

Fuel cells provided backup power during Fuel cells used to power Hurricane Sandy in the U.S. Northeast World Trade Center in NYC

Increasing orders of fuel cell by Backup power installed all over the country warehouses and stores in the U.S. for cell phone towers, railroads, and utilities

Photo Credit: BMW Manufacturing Photo Credit: NREL

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 9 Fuel cells operating all over the U.S. Fuel cells used for backup power in more than 40 states

Over 240 MW in stationary fuel cell power installed

Over 8,000 backup power units deployed or on order

Source: DOE State of the States: Fuel Cells in 2016 Report U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 10 Real Worldworld Applicationsapplications –—Abroadabroad

World’s first 4-seater fuel cell plane takes off at German Airport Fuel cell cab fleet launched in Paris, France

Photo Credit: Christoph Schmidt/dpa via AP and phys.org. Photo Credit: Hyundai A town in Fukuoka, Japan World’s first cell train running on hydrogen in Germany

Photo Credit: Fukuoka Pref. Photo Credit: and Alstom

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 11 Fuel cell market growth Fuel Cell Power Shipped Worldwide (MW)

900 Transportation 800

700

600

500 Photo credit: Hyundai, Toyota, and Megawatts 400

300 Stationary Portable

200

100

0 2015 2016 2017 2018

Source: DOE and E4tech Photo credit: NREL Photo credit: FCHEA 800 MW 68,500 Approximately fuel cell power fuel cell units $2.3 Billion shipped worldwide shipped worldwide fuel cell revenue Source: DOE, E4tech U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 12 U.S. fuel cell car sales

8,000 Over 7,500 Aug. 2019 7,000

6,000

5,000 Over 7,500 fuel 4,000 cell on the

3,000 road

2,000

1,000

0 Jun-14 Jun-16 Jun-18

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 13 A simple example: gasoline vs. fuel cell car

miles X gallon = 300 miles 20 gallon 15 tank

dollars gallons X = 15 4 gallon $60

Gasoline Car Note: Illustrative example, does not reflect current gasoline prices

miles kg (gge) = 300 miles 60 kg (gge) X 5 tank

kg dollars 5 tank X 10 kg (gge) = $50 Fuel Cell Car gge: gallon of gasoline equivalent Note: 1 kg of hydrogen has the same amount of energy as 1 gallon of gasoline

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 14 DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program

Applied research, development and • Energy security Early R&D innovation in emerging hydrogen • Energy resiliency Focus and fuel cell technologies leading to: • Strong domestic economy Early R&D Areas Early R&D Impact 60% Lower Fuel Cell Cost $/KW $124/KW At high-volume

Fuel Cells Hydrogen $50/KW At 100K/yr. • PGM-free catalysts • Production 2006 Today • Durable MEAs pathways Greater Fuel Cell Durability • • Delivery performance components 4X more hours • Advanced materials of fuel cell lifetime since 2006 for storage PGM = group metals 80% Lower Electrolyzer Cost MEA = Membrane electrode assembly for H2 production since 2002

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 15 Examples of technology enabled by DOE

700-bar pressure Air compressors vessels

Humidifiers

5 nm

Fuel cell stack systems DOE: U.S. Department of Energy

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 16 Hydrogen is an industrial commodity

U.S. annual Largest users in the U.S. Petroleum Fertilizer 10 million metric tons Processing 68% Production 21%

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 17 H2 stations now open in selected U.S. regions

California Over 40 open retail Funding for 200

Open - Retail Open Non-Retail In Progress Hub

Northeast Approx. 12 to 25 stations planned

Others with interest: Hawaii, Ohio, Texas, Colorado, South Carolina, and others

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 18 H2 stations look similar to regular gas stations

Photo courtesy: CaFCP U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 19 What does hydrogen refueling look like?

• Takes minutes • Similar dispenser to gasoline • Safe and familiar process

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 20 Many energy sources for hydrogen Domestic energy sources can be used to produce hydrogen Most of today’s hydrogen comes from natural gas

Learn more at: http://www.energy.gov/eere/fuelcells/hydrogen-resources

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 21 Many ways to produce hydrogen Most of today’s hydrogen is produced through steam reforming

Electricity Microbes or Energy from Steam and separates water enzymes break direct sunlight into oxygen and down plants and and sun heat come together hydrogen produce splits under high hydrogen temperature

Learn more at: http://www.energy.gov/eere/fuelcells/hydrogen-production-processes

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 22 Multiple uses for hydrogen Hydrogen can be used in many sectors throughout the economy

Including Good for Interest from Largest use Second other mobile limiting cell phone of hydrogen largest use applications renewable towers, data produced of hydrogen like buses, power centers, today produced trucks, and curtailing and hospitals, and today forklifts stabilizing grid supermarkets

Learn more at: https://energy.gov/eere/fuelcells/fuel-cell-technologies-educational-publications

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 23 Putting it all together: H2@Scale vision

Conventional Storage

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 24 H2@Scale: Enabling a reliable, affordable, secure, and clean energy future

ADDITIONAL BENEFITS Security Flexibility Jobs Health Resiliency

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 25 Hydrogen for education – resources

Sign up to receive news and latest developments • https://energy.gov/eere/fuelcells/fuel-cell-technologies-office-newsletter Learn more with DOE’s educational resources, videos and more! • http://www.energy.gov/eere/fuelcells/students-and-educators • http://energy.gov/eere/videos/energy-101-fuel-cell-technology Share the knowledge and give an Increase your H2IQ presentation! • https://www.energy.gov/eere/fuelcells/increase-your-h2iq • https://energy.gov/eere/fuelcells/

Visit H2Tools.org A resources portal

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 26 Take part in it!

Celebrate Hydrogen & Fuel Cell Day on 10/8 or October 8 (held on its very own atomic- weight-day)

Learn more: energy.gov/eere/fuelcells

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 27 Thank You Fuel Cell Technologies Office

Share thoughts Email us #H2IQ #FuelCellsNow [email protected] #HydrogenNow Learn more energy.gov/eere/fuelcells

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 28 Additional Information

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 29 Life-cycle petroleum use—today’s cars Low, Medium, and High Petroleum Energy/Mile for 2015 Technology

ICE HEV ERE BEV FCE

Internal Combustion Engine Hybrid Electric Extended-Range Battery Electric Fuel Cell Electric gasoline ICEV: 4300 Honda Civic 3523 Nissan Versa 3324 Chevy Cruze Diesel 3664 Honda Civic CNG 98 2353 Chevy Volt 1340 Nissan Leaf 113 Chevy Spark 109 (NG) 226 Toyota Mirai (33% Renewable) 178 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 Btu of Petroleum Energy per Mile Source: DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program Record 16004 (https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/pdfs/16004_life-cycle_ghg_oil_use_cars.pdf) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 30 Life-cycle emissions—today’s cars Low, Medium, and High Emissions/Mile for 2015 Technology

ICE HEV ERE BEV FCE

Internal Combustion Engine Hybrid Electric Extended-Range Battery Electric Fuel Cell Electric Electric Current gasoline ICEV: ~450

Honda Civic 360 Nissan Versa 343 Chevy Cruze Diesel 366 Honda Civic CNG 329 Toyota Prius 254 Chevy Volt 280 Nissan Leaf 230 Chevy Spark 216 Toyota Mirai (NG) 252 Toyota Mirai (33% Renewable) 187 160 210 260 310 360 410 Grams of CO2e per Mile Source: DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program Record 16004 (https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/pdfs/16004_life-cycle_ghg_oil_use_cars.pdf)

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE 31