Changes in Species Composition in Alder Swamp Forest Following Forest Dieback
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Protect Us from Climate Change
INTRODUCTION This project documents both the existing value and potential of New England’s working forest lands: Value – not only in terms of business opportunities, jobs and income – but also nonfinancial values, such as enhanced wildlife populations, recreation opportunities and a healthful environment. This project of the New England Forestry Foundation (NEFF) is aimed at enhancing the contribution the region’s forests can make to sustainability, and is intended to complement other efforts aimed at not only conserving New England’s forests, but also enhancing New England’s agriculture and fisheries. New England’s forests have sustained the six-state region since colonial settlement. They have provided the wood for buildings, fuel to heat them, the fiber for papermaking, the lumber for ships, furniture, boxes and barrels and so much more. As Arizona is defined by its desert landscapes and Iowa by its farms, New England is defined by its forests. These forests provide a wide range of products beyond timber, including maple syrup; balsam fir tips for holiday decorations; paper birch bark for crafts; edibles such as berries, mushrooms and fiddleheads; and curatives made from medicinal plants. They are the home to diverse and abundant wildlife. They are the backdrop for hunting, fishing, hiking, skiing and camping. They also provide other important benefits that we take for granted, including clean air, potable water and carbon storage. In addition to tangible benefits that can be measured in board feet or cords, or miles of hiking trails, forests have been shown to be important to both physical and mental health. Beyond their existing contributions, New England’s forests have unrealized potential. -
Sea Level Driven Marsh Expansion in a Coupled Model of Marsh Erosion and Migration
W&M ScholarWorks VIMS Articles Virginia Institute of Marine Science 5-14-2016 Sea level driven marsh expansion in a coupled model of marsh erosion and migration Matthew L. Kirwan Virginia Institute of Marine Science DC Walters W. G. Reay Virginia Institute of Marine Science JA Carr Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/vimsarticles Part of the Earth Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Kirwan, Matthew L.; Walters, DC; Reay, W. G.; and Carr, JA, "Sea level driven marsh expansion in a coupled model of marsh erosion and migration" (2016). VIMS Articles. 1418. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/vimsarticles/1418 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Virginia Institute of Marine Science at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in VIMS Articles by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. PUBLICATIONS Geophysical Research Letters RESEARCH LETTER Sea level driven marsh expansion in a coupled 10.1002/2016GL068507 model of marsh erosion and migration Key Points: Matthew L. Kirwan1, David C. Walters1, William G. Reay1, and Joel A. Carr2 • Accelerated sea level rise leads to marsh expansion along gently 1Department of Physical Sciences, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary, Gloucester Point, sloping, unhardened coasts 2 • Loss of marsh and natural flood Virginia, USA, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Laurel, Maryland, USA protection is inevitable where barriers limit migration into uplands • Fluxes of organisms and sediment Abstract Coastal wetlands are among the most valuable ecosystems on Earth, where ecosystem services across adjacent ecosystems lead to such as flood protection depend nonlinearly on wetland size and are threatened by sea level rise and coastal increase in system resilience development. -
Early Holocene Wetland Succession at Lake Flixton (UK) and Its Implications for Mesolithic Settlement
Vegetation History and Archaeobotany https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-019-00714-9 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Early Holocene wetland succession at Lake Flixton (UK) and its implications for Mesolithic settlement Barry Taylor1 Received: 29 May 2018 / Accepted: 23 January 2019 © The Author(s) 2019 Abstract This paper reports on new research into the timing and nature of post-glacial environmental change at Lake Flixton (North Yorkshire, UK). Previous investigations indicate a succession of wetland environments during the early Holocene, ultimately infilling the basin by ca 7,000 cal BP. The expansion of wetland environments, along with early Holocene woodland devel- opment, has been linked to changes in the human occupation of this landscape during the Mesolithic (ca 11,300–6,000 cal BP). However, our understanding of the timing and nature of environmental change within the palaeolake is poor, making it difficult to correlate to known patterns of Mesolithic activity. This paper provides a new record for both the chronology and character of environmental change within Lake Flixton, and discusses the implications for the Mesolithic occupation of the surrounding landscape. Keywords Mesolithic · Early Holocene · Plant macrofossils · Environmental change · Lake Flixton · Star Carr Introduction to the final Palaeolithic, terminal Palaeolithic and the early and late Mesolithic have also been recorded (Fig. 2) (Con- Since the late 1940s evidence for intensive phases of early neller and Schadla-Hall 2003). Early Mesolithic activity (ca prehistoric activity has been recorded around Lake Flix- 11,300–9,500 cal BP) was particularly intensive. Recent work ton in the eastern Vale of Pickering (North Yorkshire, UK) at Star Carr has shown that the site was occupied for ca (Fig. -
Forest Dieback/Damages in European State Forests and Measures to Combat It Several EUSTAFOR Members Have Recently Experienced An
Forest dieback/damages in European State Forests and measures to combat it Several EUSTAFOR members have recently experienced and reported on severe cases of forest dieback, caused by different biotic and abiotic agents. To get a better overview of these events and their consequences, with a view to a possible exchange of experiences among EUSTAFOR members as well as the development of proposals on how to communicate on these issues, the EUSTAFOR Office sent a short questionnaire to SFMOs in Europe. What follows is a comprehensive summary of the key information we received from our members. Results Out of 19 responses, 17 experienced forest dieback/damage to their forests. Only Romania and Ireland reported no forest dieback. However, Coillte (Ireland) is experiencing the problem with certain species, so they answered accordingly. Due to EUSTAFOR’s membership structure in some countries, we received input from more than one organization in that country. For example, in Germany, five different regional forest enterprises responded to the survey and, in Bulgaria, information came from two sources: the governing body - Executive Forest Agency (Ministry of Agriculture and Foods) and from one of the regional forestry enterprises. The reporting period relates to the most current available data. For the majority of the reports, this is 2018-2019. A few members, however, reported data that is a bit older. Figure 1: Map of members that answered the survey European State Forest Association AISBL Phone: +32 (0)2 239 23 00 European Forestry House Fax: +32 (0)2 219 21 91 Rue du Luxembourg 66 www.eustafor.eu 1000 Brussels, Belgium VAT n° BE 0877.545. -
Field Nats News No. 301 Newsletter of the Field Naturalists Club of Victoria Inc
Field Nats News 301 Page 1 Field Nats News No. 301 Newsletter of the Field Naturalists Club of Victoria Inc. 1 Gardenia Street, Blackburn Vic 3130 Editor: Joan Broadberry 03 9846 1218 Telephone 03 9877 9860 Founding editor: Dr Noel Schleiger P.O. Box 13, Blackburn 3130 www.fncv.org.au Understanding Reg. No. A0033611X Our Natural World Newsletter email: [email protected] (Office email: [email protected]) Patron: The Honourable Linda Dessau, AC Governor of Victoria Office Hours: Monday and Tuesday 9.30 am - 4 pm. October 2019 NOTE EARLIER DEADLINE From the President It is nice to see some Spring sunshine although I have yet to see many invertebrates The deadline for FNN 302 will be moving about the garden. On the other hand there have been many small protoctists 10 am on Monday 30th September as to observe. Wendy Gare recently provided me with moss and water samples from the editor is hoping to go to Annuello. her garden pond in Blackburn and once again I have been delighted to see the ex- FNN will go to the printers on the 8th traordinary biodiversity of “infusoria” in a small urban pond. Microscopical exami- with collation on Tuesday 15th October nation revealed numerous amoeboids, ciliates, flagellates and a host of small arthro- pods and annelids including mites, copepods, fly larvae and tiny freshwater oligo- chaetes. Gastrotrichs, nematodes, rotifers, tardigrades and diatoms were also well Contents represented. Some of the protozoan organisms from Wendy’s pond are pictured be- low. There were also many spirochaete bacteria swimming about. -
FAO Forestry Paper 120. Decline and Dieback of Trees and Forests
FAO Decline and diebackdieback FORESTRY of tretreess and forestsforests PAPER 120 A globalgIoia overviewoverview by William M. CieslaCiesla FADFAO Forest Resources DivisionDivision and Edwin DonaubauerDonaubauer Federal Forest Research CentreCentre Vienna, Austria Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Rome, 19941994 The designations employedemployed and the presentation of material inin thisthis publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever onon the part ofof thethe FoodFood andand AgricultureAgriculture OrganizationOrganization ofof thethe UnitedUnited Nations concerning the legallega! status ofof anyany country,country, territory,territory, citycity oror area or of itsits authorities,authorities, oror concerningconcerning thethe delimitationdelimitation ofof itsits frontiers or boundarboundaries.ies. M-34M-34 ISBN 92-5-103502-492-5-103502-4 All rights reserved. No part of this publicationpublication may be reproduced,reproduced, stored in aa retrieval system, or transmittedtransmitted inin any form or by any means, electronic, mechani-mechani cal, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyrightownecopyright owner.r. Applications for such permission, withwith aa statement of the purpose andand extentextent ofof the reproduction,reproduction, should bebe addressed toto thethe Director,Director, Publications Division,Division, FoodFood andand Agriculture Organization ofof the United Nations,Nations, VVialeiale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy.Italy. 0© FAO FAO 19941994 -
The Effect of Alternative Forest Management Models on the Forest Harvest and Emissions As Compared to the Forest Reference Level
Article The Effect of Alternative Forest Management Models on the Forest Harvest and Emissions as Compared to the Forest Reference Level 1,2, 1 3 1, 1 Mykola Gusti * , Fulvio Di Fulvio , Peter Biber , Anu Korosuo y and Nicklas Forsell 1 International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Schlossplatz 1, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria; [email protected] (F.D.F.); [email protected] (A.K.); [email protected] (N.F.) 2 International Information Department of the Institute of Applied Mathematics and Fundamental Sciences, Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandera Str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine 3 Chair of Forest Growth and Yield Science, Technical University of Munich, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, 85354 Freising, Germany; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Current affiliation: European Commission, Joint Research Centre, TP 261, Via E. Fermi 2749, y I-21027 Ispra, Italy. Received: 2 June 2020; Accepted: 21 July 2020; Published: 23 July 2020 Abstract: Background and Objectives: Under the Paris Agreement, the European Union (EU) sets rules for accounting the greenhouse gas emissions and removals from forest land (FL). According to these rules, the average FL emissions of each member state in 2021–2025 (compliance period 1, CP1) and in 2026–2030 (compliance period 2, CP2) will be compared to a projected forest reference level (FRL). The FRL is estimated by modelling forest development under fixed forest management practices, based on those observed in 2000–2009. In this context, the objective of this study was to estimate the effects of large-scale uptake of alternative forest management models (aFMMs), developed in the ALTERFOR project (Alternative models and robust decision-making for future forest management), on forest harvest and forest carbon sink, considering that the proposed aFMMs are expanded to most of the suitable areas in EU27+UK and Turkey. -
Carr Slough Preservation and Tidal Wetland Restoration
Carr Slough Preservation and Tidal Wetland Restoration Carr Slough is a 103-acre privately owned tidal freshwater wetland connected to the Lower Columbia River near Prescott, Oregon in Columbia County (Figure 1). It is located at approximately River Mile 73 just upstream of Cottonwood Island and is situated between Highway 30 and the railway (Table 1). It has approximately 1.8 miles of channels, of which approximately one mile is comprised of straight channel drainage ditch with the remaining portions as an apparent natural channel with meanders and woody riparian vegetation. The site is mapped as entirely Rafton-Sauvie-Moag Complex soil type, a floodplain silty-clay alluvium derived of mixed sources and having extremely poor drainage. There is an opportunity to protect Carr Slough and its natural resource values for fish and wildlife habitat in perpetuity via the Natural Resources Conservation Service’s Wetland Reserve Program (WRP). The site has excellent value for a variety of species and important habitat types in the Lower Columbia, as detailed below, and would be an important site to preserve. There is also potential to undertake habitat improvement actions to increase the existing natural resource values of the site after the site has been preserved. Table 1. Site Location Information for Carr Slough Project Fourth Field Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC): Lower Columbia/Clatskanie 17080003 Project Fifth Field Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC): Beaver Creek/Columbia River 1708000302 Project T/R/S Location: T7N, R3W, Section 26 SE, 35 NE Project Latitude/Longitude: 46.0524381N, 122.8950261W USGS Quadrangle Map Name: Rainier County: Columbia Potential Resource Benefits & Preservation Value of Carr Slough There are multiple habitat types of value at Carr Slough, including freshwater tidal emergent wetland, shrub-scrub wetland, slough and freshwater tidal channel. -
CEDARBURG BOG WETLAND TYPES Kate Redmond Coniferous Bog, Coniferous Swamp, Fen, Lowland Hardwood Swamp, Marsh, Shrub Carr, Ephemeral Pond, Patterned Peatland
SOUTHEAST - 2 CEDARBURG BOG WETLAND TYPES Kate Redmond Coniferous bog, coniferous swamp, fen, lowland hardwood swamp, marsh, shrub carr, ephemeral pond, patterned peatland ECOLOGY & SIGNIFICANCE low strips of open sedge mat alternating with peat ridges of bog birch, leatherleaf, white cedar and tamarack. Plants Cedarburg Bog is the least disturbed large bog remaining common at the site include cranberry, bog birch, narrow- in southern Wisconsin. This wetland complex was once leaved sedge, bogbean, water horsetail, arrowgrass and part of a large glacial lake; today six lakes of varying size orchids as well as insectivorous plants like round-leaved and depth, all with high water quality, remain. The site’s • sundew, purple pitcher plant and bladderwort. More than OZAUKEE COUNTY 2500 acres support a number of different wetland plant 35 plant species at Cedarburg Bog are at or near the southern community types and an associated diversity of plants, extent of their range in Wisconsin. including many species that are regionally rare and are at the southern limits of their range here. This Wetland Gem Cedarburg Bog provides excellent habitat for both breeding also supports significant wildlife diversity including many and migrating birds. Nearly 300 species of birds have been amphibians, mammals and hundreds of birds. documented in the area, including 19 species that are near the southern extent of their range in Wisconsin. Breeding FLORA & FAUNA birds include Acadian Flycatcher, willow flycatcher, hooded This diverse wetland complex consists of extensive warbler, golden-crowned kinglet, Canada warbler, northern coniferous bog with a canopy of tamarack and black spruce waterthrush and white-throated sparrow. -
2020 Action Plan
Stream Stability and Water Quality 2018-2020 Schoharie Watershed Stream Management Program 2018 – 2020 Action Plan Photo of Batavia Kill Streambank Stabilization at Kastanis courtesy of Chris Langworthy (GCSWCD) NYCDEP Stream Management Program Greene County Soil & Water Conservation District 71 Smith Ave 907 County Office Building Kingston, NY 12401 Cairo, NY 12413 Dave Burns, ProjectGreene Manager County Soil & Water ConservationJeff Flack, Executive District Director 845.340.7850 907 County Office Building, Cairo518.622.6320 NY 12413 [email protected] [email protected] Stream Stability and Water Quality 2018-2020 Greene County Soil & Water Conservation District 907 County Office Building, Cairo NY 12413 Phone (518) 622-3620 Fax (518) 622-0344 To: David Burns, Project Manager, NYCDEP From: Jeff Flack, Executive Director, GCSWCD Date: May 15, 2018 Re: Schoharie Watershed Stream Management Program 2018-2020 Action Plan The Greene County Soil and Water Conservation District (GCSWCD) and the NYC Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) have collaborated with the Schoharie Watershed Advisory Committee (SWAC) to develop the 2018 – 2020 Action Plan. The Action Plan provides the Schoharie Watershed Stream Management Program’s activities, projects and programs that are planned for 2018-2020 as well as program accomplishments. The Action Plan is divided into key programmatic areas: A. Protecting and Enhancing Stream Stability and Water Quality B. Floodplain Management and Planning C. Highway and Infrastructure Management in Conjunction with Streams D. Assisting Streamside Landowners (Public and Private) E. Protecting and Enhancing Aquatic and Riparian Habitat F. Enhancing Public Access to Streams The Action Plan is updated and revised annually. This plan will be implemented from May 2018 – May 2020. -
Limiting the High Impacts of Amazon Forest Dieback with No-Regrets Science and Policy Action PERSPECTIVE David M
PERSPECTIVE Limiting the high impacts of Amazon forest dieback with no-regrets science and policy action PERSPECTIVE David M. Lapolaa,1, Patricia Pinhob, Carlos A. Quesadac, Bernardo B. N. Strassburgd,e, Anja Rammigf, Bart Kruijtg, Foster Brownh,i, Jean P. H. B. Omettoj, Adriano Premebidak, Jos ´eA. Marengol, Walter Vergaram, and Carlos A. Nobren Edited by B. L. Turner, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, and approved October 1, 2018 (received for review May 8, 2018) Large uncertainties still dominate the hypothesis of an abrupt large-scale shift of the Amazon forest caused by climate change [Amazonian forest dieback (AFD)] even though observational evidence shows the forest and regional climate changing. Here, we assess whether mitigation or adaptation action should be taken now, later, or not at all in light of such uncertainties. No action/later action would result in major social impacts that may influence migration to large Amazonian cities through a causal chain of climate change and forest degradation leading to lower river-water levels that affect transportation, food security, and health. Net-present value socioeconomic damage over a 30-year period after AFD is estimated between US dollar (USD) $957 billion (×109) and $3,589 billion (compared with Gross Brazilian Amazon Product of USD $150 bil- lion per year), arising primarily from changes in the provision of ecosystem services. Costs of acting now would be one to two orders of magnitude lower than economic damages. However, while AFD mitigation alternatives—e.g., curbing deforestation—are attainable (USD $64 billion), their efficacy in achieving a forest resilience that prevents AFD is uncertain. -
CHEROKEE MARSH WETLAND TYPES Mario Quintano Marsh, Fen, Sedge Meadow, Low Prairie, Shrub Carr
SOUTHEAST - 3 CHEROKEE MARSH WETLAND TYPES Mario Quintano Marsh, fen, sedge meadow, low prairie, shrub carr ECOLOGY & SIGNIFICANCE areas of marsh habitat extend out into the river channel. Common herbaceous plants at the site include cattails, This urban Wetland Gem is the largest remaining wetland common bur-reed, river bulrush, softstem bulrush, in Dane County and a highly significant wetland within hardstem bulrush, sago pondweed, coontail, pickerel the Yahara River watershed. More than 2000 acres at weed and a variety of sedges and rushes. The site supports Cherokee Marsh, along both the east and west sides of DANE COUNTY some relic tamarack trees and several rare plant species, • the river, are protected by city, county and state agency including tufted bulrush, small yellow ladyslipper, white property owners. This extensive wetland complex is ladyslipper and glade mallow. characterized by steep side slopes and large flat expanses hosting marsh, fen, shrub carr, sedge meadow, and one of Many mammals, amphibians, reptiles and birds use the largest low prairies in the region. Cherokee Marsh not Cherokee Marsh. A wide diversity of birds nest in or only serves as excellent wildlife habitat, but also provides migrate through the area, including northern harrier, services like water quality protection and flood attenuation short-eared owl, great horned owl, American egret, great to the City of Madison downstream. The City has intensive blue heron, green heron, sandhill crane, marsh wren, and ongoing marsh restoration efforts that are helping to sedge wren, swamp sparrow, belted kingfisher, and bring back hundreds of lost acres. The site also provides many species of ducks.